Perched in a window well at the Golden Temple, the most sacred site for Sikhs, this man seems intent on studying his chosen text. Other pilgrims are trooping around him, and a loudspeaker resounds with the continuous reading of the Sikh holy work, the Guru Granth Sahib Ji.
IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
This World Heritage site group of monuments was built over the span of about two centuries. Sandstone is used, without mortar at the joints
instead, mortise and tenon joints, plus the weight of the stones themselves, keep the monuments intact. After 1150 or so, they fell into disrepair, and became covered with vegetation. Excavation and restoration began late in the 19th century, and continue to this day.
Built in the early 1930s, the presidential residence was built and the principal buildings of the capital were laid out. Most were designed by Sir Edward Lutyens. The overall intention was emphasizing the majesty of British rule, which came to a swift end barely twelve years after New Delhi was formally established by King George V.
In most parts of the country, Indian merchants display their goods directly on the street. With ample labor available, tailoring can be carried out quickly, to fit apparel.
This sculpture of a voluptuous woman is most likely a fertility sculpture of the goddess Yakshi, an earth goddess sacred to Hindus, Buddhists, and Jains.
These pieces of cloth show the Buddha's footprint, an important symbol JERNOS: PLEASE FINISH THIS.
Tibetan Buddhists frequently travel to the north Indian town of Bodh Gaya, where the Buddha received his enlightenment. This picture was taken inside one of the many temples in this city. It has been elaborately decorated in Tibetan style.
The large Tibetan community at Bodh Gaya has resulted in the construction of numerous temples, each of them elaborately decorated with murals depicting the life of the Buddha. At the time this photograph was taken, the murals were still being painted.
Child being carried by mother amidst New Delhi traffic
Although New Delhi was built with broad boulevards, to escape the strong pressure of Delhi itself, population and taffic growth have meant pedestrians are squeezed into roadways. They must vie there for space with all sorts of transport, public and private.
These guards work within one of the most attractive castles of northwest India -- and are always pleased to pose for tourists' cameras.
Many Indian military and police veterans have found employment in tourist-friendly places.
This woman is selling goods of particular interest the large Tibetan exile community that has settled in northern India. Two young Tibetans are standing behind Professor Jeannette Ludwig of UB.
Note the wide variety of cooking styles supposedly available at this restaurant -- and, more important, the use of Buddha as a symbol to attract potential customers. Niranjana is a Sanskrit word meaning "spotless" or "pure." Ambap?Ÿli, also known as "Ambap?Ÿlika" or "Amrap?Ÿli", was a nagarvadhu (royal courtesan) of the republic of Vaishali in ancient India around 500 BCE. Following the Buddha's teachings she became an Arahant. She is mentioned in the old Pali texts and Buddhist traditions, particularly in conjunction with Buddha staying at her Mango grove, Ambapali vana which she later donated to his Order, and wherein he preached the famous Ambapalika Sutta. "Homely" in India means "domestic," not "plain-looking."
Because of the sacred nature of Varanasi [Benares], Hindu pilgrims flock to it from around the world. This man has taken a voluntary vow of poverty, living by gifts from others.
This elaborate platform, attended my two gurus, is an altar to Ganesh on one of the staircases leading down to the Ganges River. These staircases are important places for worship among Hindus in India.
Ghat [steps] to Ganges at Varanasi [Benares], bather
The chill of the early morning can be seen from the look on this bather's face. The Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus. Bathing in it and a pilgrimage to its banks are religious desirable goals.
Tibetan boys receive Buddhist instruction from an early age. These children were born in India, and may have little opportunity during their lifetimes to visit their parents or grandparents' place of origin. IS TITLE CORRECT? OR ARE THEY SIMPLY PRAYING?
This temple indicates the significance of Tibetan Buddhism in Bodh Gaya. [QUESTION: ONE WORD OR TWO? i USED THE LATTER IN WORKING ON THESE EARLIER.]
Lay people praying inside Mahabodhi temple
These lay Buddhists have come to the Mahabodhi temple, revered as the locale where the Buddha received his enlightenment about 500 years before the start of the Common Era.
Thanks to a sidewalk vendor in Bodh Gaya, the most sacred city to Buddhists, this Sinhalese monk can purchase religious objects.
This Tibetan monk is praying through prostration, literally a few feet from the sacred Bodhi tree at the Mahabodhi temple.
Tibetan monk doing walking meditation, Mahabodhi temple
Walking meditation represents one form of Buddhist religious practice, ADD HERE ABOUT DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT AROUND STUPA.
Sri Lankan monk circumambulating sacred space
As can be seen from the color of his garment, this Buddhist monk comes from Sri Lanka. Many hundred such pilgrims come regularly to the Mahabodhi temple, seeking their own enlightenment through walking meditation, prostrations under the sacred Bodhi tree, and similar acts of reflection and worship.
This pilgrimage locale became a World Heritage Site in 2002, recognizing its religious significance for Buddhists and cultural importance in the history of India. The central tower, which is constructed of brick, rises 55 meters (slightly over 185 feet).
Bodh Gaya is known around the world as the place where the Buddha achieved enlightenment [nirvana]. The attached Mahabodhi temple and near-by bodhi tree [under which Gautama received enlightenment] are the site for thousands of Buddhist pilgrims annually. The site was excavated late in the 19th century, and has been carefully restored.
Although these young Tibetan monks have one foot in their culture's heritage, they readily partake of 'modern' civilization, including Coca-Cola and the Internet.
Buddhism has several branches, including Tibetan, Zen (focused in Japan), and Chinese. [Jeannette: please insert info here.] This picture was taken at Bodhgaya, one of the most important cities in India for exiled Tibetans.
India produces millions of tons of sugar annually. In 2007, the US Department of Agriculture estimated that 265 lakh tons would be grown. (A lakh is equivalent to 100,000 through most of South Asia.) Part of the cane is squeezed for juice, a special treat at marketplaces.
These 'caves' [similar to the close-by 'caves' at Ellora] were sculpted starting in the second century. Given their quality as examples of Buddhist monumental art, they were honored as a World Heritage Site in 1983. Many of the figures were painted, and traces of pigment remain in isolated areas.
Closeup of Buddha's face in the Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra state of India
The Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra state of India are about 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments which date from the 2nd century BCE to about 480 or 650 CE. The caves include paintings and rock cut sculptures described as among the finest surviving examples of ancient Indian art, particularly expressive painting that present emotion through gesture, pose and form. According to UNESCO, these are masterpieces of Buddhist religious art that influenced Indian art that followed. The caves were built in two phases, the first group starting around the 2nd century BC, while the second group of caves built around 400–650 AD according to older accounts, or all in a brief period of 460 to 480 according to Walter M. Spink. The site is a protected monument in the care of the Archaeological Survey of India, and since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
This magnificent example of monumental sculpture depicts the Buddha
Ellora caves, near Aurangabad, Maharashtra State
Professor Jeannette Ludwig with statue of Buddha
This world-famous statue of the Buddha is located in the National Museum of India [New Delhi].
As one of the foremost examples of Indian art, the 34 'caves' at Ellanta count among the most important tourist destinations, particularly for Indian citizens interested in their national, pre-colonial heritage.
This UNESCO World Heritage Site includes 34-human made 'caves' that have been sculpted between roughly the fifth and tenth centuries. India's religious variety is shown amply: twelve [the earliest] are Buddhist, seventeen Hindu and five Jain. All the carvings are done at more than one level. Overall, the caves are regarded as high points of Dravidian art.
For Hindus, cremation of bodies is considered an obligation. The most sacred place is in Varanasi, on the Ganges. However, the river is extremely polluted at this locale. this pictures shows a modern crematorium, which not only burns bodies quickly and efficiently, but also reduces pollution significantly.
Professor Jeannette Ludwig (UB) and Professor Veer Bhadra Mishra, noted hydraulic engineer
Professor Mishra is a noted civil engineer and pious Hindu, who teaches in Varanasi [Benares], the most sacred city for Hindus. Professor NAME heads the Tulsi Das temple there. He devised an efficient crematorium that substantially reduces cost, pollution and time. He also proposed ideas for water purification involving natural processes that would cost far less than 'normal' or 'Western'-style plants.
This government-sponsored setting provides a convenient place at which bodies can be burned prior to ritual disposal of the ashes.
As indicated on another slide, Hindus prefer to cremate bodies, ideally in sacred sites. This picture was taken where numerous corpses can be burned simultaneously. Expensive sandalwood is considered appropriate to honor the deceased.
Corpse laid out for ceremonial burning, Delhi
When a Hindu dies, his eldest son is responsible for cremating the corpse. The most honorable religious fashion is using sandalwood, then scattering the ashes into one of India's sacred rivers, especially the Ganges.
This young man is preparing for the funeral/cremation of his father. Before doing so, however, he is lighting puja [incense].
Prior to undertaking a sacred rite, notably cremation of one's parents, the eldest son will have his head shaved. This picture was taken at Varanasi [Benares], the most sacred city to Hindus.
One can find thousands of itinerant sadhus [Hindu ascetics] in India. They survive by donations from others. This person was located in Varanasi [Benares], the most sacred city for Hindus.
As do almost all other religions, Hinduism gives special reverence to individuals who renounce 'worldly' cares and live making minimal demands on others. Both men and women participate
females choosing such lifestyles are called sadhvi, meaning 'good woman.'
Hindus seek to bathe as regularly as possible in the Ganges, particularly at Varanasi [Benares], the most sacred city of all. Because of the chilly weather, only a few men dare to come early this morning.
Indian citizens bathing and washing, banks of Ganges
The Ganges not only is the most sacred river for Hindus, but serves more mundane functions as a major source of water and place for doing laundry. This picture shows early morning bathers carrying out ritual functions and a woman preparing laundry for washing -- done by beating the clothes on rocks, then spreading them in the sun to dry.
Freshly washed cloth and clothing, Varanasi [Benares] ghat
After washing in the Ganges [which, despite its significant pollution, is used for bathing, laundry and as a water source by thousands in this area], clothing is left on the ghats [steps] to dry naturally in the sun.
Persons bathing, ghats at Varanasi (Benares)
This closeup shows persons shortly after daybreak coming to bathe in the sacred Ganges River. The river bank is lined with elaborate temples built by wealthy families.
Boats on Ganges, Varanasi (Benares), dawn
Varanasi is the most sacred city to Hindus. Located on the Ganges, devout persons travel there at any point in their lives to bath in its special waters and thereby achieve greater opportunity for upward mobility. For tourists, a dawn ride on the Ganges river, allowing for excellent views of the steps ('ghats') leading from the city to the water.
Traders operate in India [and many other developing countries] not only from fixed locations, but also by walking down major streets.
India's cities are among the most densely crowded in the world. This early morning picture depicts a typical street in Varanasi [Benares], the most holy city of India.
Pious Muslim women will cover their bodies and heads when leaving their homes, particularly when they appear in public places, such as this marketplace in Rajasthan.
The great majority of the people of India shop in specialized outdoors stalls of this sort. They are grouped together by specialization. You can find, for example, entire rows devoted to car batteries, spices, or the colorful cloth shown here.
This poster is one of many around the most sacred city of Hinduism. Those who run the course have a large potential audience: pilgrims coming to bathe in Ganges
Hindus from non-Hindi-speaking areas may also be interested.
Erotic sculpture, Khajuraho [Madhya Pradesh]
This close-up again shows the affirmation of the life-creating force. The intent of the sculptors was not to titillate, but to marvel at the mystery of how sexual union led to new life.
Khajuraho Group of Monuments, a group of Hindu and Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh, India
Although buried for centuries, excavations in the late 19th and 20th century uncovered this extraordinary example of sculpture affirming the creation of life. The monument complex of Khajuraho, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was constructed roughly from 950 to 1150. The complex fell into disrepair for several centuries. It was subsequently excavated by British, Indian and others.
Central to Hindu belief is the lingam, drawn from early civilizations in the Indus valley. Many meanings are attached to this Sanskrit word, including * The image of a god * A symptom or mark of disease * A spot or stain * A means of proof, a proof, evidence * The effect or product which evolves from a primary cause * The concept of grammatical gender * The phallus It is often associated with the god Shiva, who is seen as the creator.
This temple in Udaipur is one of the finest in Rajasthan, a state in northwest India. Once one of the so-called 'princely states,' which maintained limited degrees of autonomy under British rule, Udaipur is noted now for its Rajput-era palaces. [See other examples in this collection.]
Copyright Statement for Digitized Materials from the Music Library
IN COPYRIGHT. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
Yvar Mikhashoff in dark jacket with James Clapperton
Yvar Mikhashoff in dark jacket taking bow at Almeida Theatre
Yvar Mikhashoff in white shirt at piano with unidentified page turner at Almeida Theatre
Yvar Mikhashoff in white shirt at piano with three unidentified males at Almeida Theatre
Yvar Mikhashoff in white shirt walking through Almeida Theatre
Two costumed women with man in clown costume
Yvar Mikhashoff in white shirt with composer Giacinto Scelsi and unidentified male
Probably at Almeida Theatre, London, 1986
Yvar Mikhashoff with Lejaren Hiller and Frances-Marie Uitti
Hiller, Lejaren Arthur, 1924- - Composer
Yvar Mikhashoff and Frances-Marie Uitti standing outside
Yvar Mikhashoff in white shirt and tie, seated at piano, turned to his right to face camera
William Kirkpatrick, dancer, onstage in front of projected image of a page from Sylvano Bussotti score
Rehearsal or performance of dance portion of work by Sylvano Bussotti
Yvar Mikhashoff at the piano with unidentified male page turner
Yvar Mikhashoff in green sweater performing at piano, side view
Yvar Mikhashoff in black leather jacket, back turned to camera
Yvar Mikhashoff with Danish composers, Ib Nørholm, Per Nørgaard, and Poul Ruders
Yvar Mikhashoff in dark jacket standing next to bunting with water in background in Newport, Rhode Island
Yvar Mikhashoff in red shirt conducting at piano, with Amy Winn, flute, Wayne Crouse, viola, Isabelle Ganz, vocalist, and Ira Black, at lectern
Yvar Mikhashoff in formal dress outside by columns
Yvar Mikhashoff in dark jacket leaning on balustrade on veranda in Newport, Rhode Island
Yvar Mikhashoff high school graduation photograph
Contact sheet with images of Paul Schmidt, Joan Collopy, William Kirkpatrick (dancer), Yvar Mikhashoff, Frances-Marie Uitti, Benjamin Hudson, and Gary Hatt
Yvar Mikhashoff in red jacket seated on beach chair in Israel
Brass ensemble playing outside Karlstejn Castle
Karlštejn (Stredoceský kraj, Czech Republic)
Yvar Mikhashoff standing on a bridge over a river in Czechoslovakia
Yvar Mikhashoff in white shirt and tie, seated with doublebass in background
Yvar Mikhashoff in formal dress with Richard Trythall, Carlos Roque Alsina, and Nona Trythall
Yvar Mikhashoff and Aki Takahashi performing at two pianos
Yvar Mikhashoff in dark jacket standing next to a wall with the ship Queen Elizabeth 2 in the background