Kraków (Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc.
An urban street scene showing several market stalls arranged along a cobblestone plaza, with umbrellas shading vendors and goods. Behind the market is a row of historic buildings featuring a mix of residential and religious architecture. The central structure has a conical-roofed apse, arched windows with grilles, and an attached church with a steeply pitched roof and Gothic windows. In the background, a tall spire with a cross rises above the rooftops. Several people are visible near the stalls and walking through the square. Multiple overhead wires stretch across the scene.
Jan Bulhak Art. Fotograf. Wilno Jagiellonska 8
Poland in Pictures, photographer J. Bulhak
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State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries
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A richly decorated Gothic cathedral interior featuring a high vaulted nave flanked by tall, slender columns and ornate chandeliers. Suspended above the central aisle is a large crucifix, and beyond it, an intricately carved and gilded high altar framed by large stained-glass windows. The walls and arches are adorned with religious statues and detailed ornamentation. The space is dimly lit, with natural light filtering through the stained glass, illuminating the altar area. Two people are seen in motion near the front pews on the right.
A historic courtyard is flanked by Gothic-style brick buildings. The building on the left features tall, pointed arched windows, while the larger central building has a steep gabled roof with smaller arched windows and buttresses. At the center of the courtyard is a small, roofed open structure supported by decorative columns. A lamp post and stone chain barriers line the open space. The area appears to be paved with cobblestones, and a few people are faintly visible, one near the center and another near the right edge. The photo includes a studio imprint: "JAN BULHAK, WILNO" in the bottom right.
A stone carving depicts a crowned eagle with detailed feathers and extended wings, shown in a heraldic pose. The eagle is positioned on a shield-shaped plaque mounted against a rough stone wall. The design features symmetrical stylized wing feathers and curled wingtips. The carving likely represents a historic coat of arms or emblem.
Zamek Królewski na Wawelu (Kraków, Poland) Castles--Poland--Kraków. Kraków (Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Wawel (Kraków, Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc
A tall, cylindrical brick watchtower with an onion-shaped domed roof stands at the edge of a fortified wall. The structure includes a ring of arched embrasures below the roof and small rectangular windows. A turret projects from the wall nearby. At the base, a curved path with a few pedestrians winds past trees and open land, suggesting the tower is situated at the outskirts of a city or fortification.
A carved stone shield mounted on a textured wall features a stylized eagle in high relief. The eagle has a prominent head turned to its right, outstretched wings with layered feathers, and a fanned tail. Each wing ends in a curled flourish, and the bird's feet grip the base of the shield. The carving style suggests heraldic symbolism, possibly linked to Central European or Polish iconography.
Ornate architectural structure featuring a prominent copper-clad dome with vertical seams, decorative spires, and a small belvedere with a balustrade at the top. The main dome is surrounded by several smaller, onion-shaped domes on corner towers. Behind the structure, densely packed rooftops and several churches with domes and towers are visible, indicating a historical European cityscape. The architecture suggests Baroque or Rococo influences.
Gates--Poland--Kraków Castles--Poland--Kraków. Kraków (Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Large fortified structure with a semicircular brick wall and seven cylindrical towers, each topped with a steep spire. The central section features a large pointed-arch entrance flanked by two towers. Arrow slits and battlements run along the upper portion of the wall. A paved open area with scattered figures, some blurred in motion, stretches in front of the structure. In the distance, another square tower with an onion dome roof stands beyond a treed area. The scene suggests a historic city gate or barbican.
View into the enclosed courtyard of a historic brick fortress or city gate complex. The scene includes high walls with red tile roofs and arched passageways. At the center, a square tower with a distinctive onion dome rises above the walls. A bridge or walkway spans the courtyard below. In the far background, the spire of a Gothic-style church is visible above the surrounding rooftops. The overall architecture suggests medieval or Renaissance fortification.
Elaborately carved stone gate with classical columns and a rounded arch, flanked by decorative pedestals and finials. Above the arch are three sculpted crests, including central symbols of ecclesiastical and secular authority (a bishop’s mitre, sword, and crozier). Through the arch, a statue of a robed figure—likely a bishop or saint—stands on a pedestal holding a crosier. Behind the figure is a walled garden or courtyard, partially obscured by vegetation and background buildings.
Tall Gothic church facade with a steeply stepped gable and multiple narrow pointed-arch windows. A large pointed stained-glass window and an ornate entrance portal with pinnacles are centrally located. Trees partially obscure the lower portion of the structure. In the foreground, a cobblestone street curves past people standing near carts, including a horse-drawn cart. Overhead wires cross the scene.
Gothic-style church with a prominent octagonal apse featuring tall pointed-arch stained glass windows framed in light stone. The structure has steep metal roofs and is topped with two slender spires, one centrally placed and the other slightly behind. A small adjoining building with a conical metal roof sits to the left, partially obscured by trees. Tram tracks curve along the foreground, and two people stand near the corner of the church.
Romanesque-style church constructed of brick, featuring a tall, rectangular tower with narrow arched windows and steep, gabled tiled roofs. The structure includes a small side entrance, a visible drainpipe, and an external crucifixion sculpture sheltered under a modest canopy. The church’s facade is relatively unadorned, emphasizing the solid masonry construction.
Gothic-style brick church with a tall, square bell tower topped by a pointed roof. The main structure features a steeply pitched roof with several dormers and smaller rooflines extending from the central mass. Pointed arch windows and a circular window are visible along the side and base. Trees and a fenced path line the edge of the foreground, with additional buildings in the background under a clear sky.
Urban street scene featuring a prominent historic tower in the background, rising above tightly packed multi-story buildings. The tower has a square stone base and a tiered upper section with arched openings and a domed lantern topped by a tall spire. The surrounding buildings have uniform window arrangements and decorative cornices. The cobblestone street below is partially shaded, with a few indistinct figures visible in the lower portion.
Architectural view of several domed chapels attached to a large masonry church. The central dome is clad in fish-scale patterned metal panels and topped with a decorative lantern supported by slender columns and crowned with a spire. The drum of the dome features round, deeply recessed windows framed by ornamental carvings. Adjacent domes and a tall stone bell tower are visible in the background. The surrounding structure includes arched windows and classical detailing.
Władysław II Jagiełło, King of Poland, 1350 or 1351-1434--Tomb
Elaborate tomb enclosed by four dark marble columns topped with Corinthian-style capitals and supporting rounded arches. A reclining effigy rests atop the sarcophagus beneath a coffered canopy. In the background, a stone screen with pointed arches and slender columns is partially visible. Architectural elements suggest a richly decorated interior, likely a chapel or cathedral.
Wawel (Kraków, Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Interior courtyard of a Renaissance-style building featuring three levels of arcaded galleries with evenly spaced columns and stone balustrades. The arches are symmetrically arranged, and each floor has rectangular windows above the arches. A streetlamp stands at the base of one of the arches. Construction materials, including stacked bricks, are visible in the corner of the courtyard. The roof is steeply pitched with visible chimneys.
A stone tower structure with a large arched passageway at street level, through which tram tracks run. Above the arch is a decorative balcony with ornate stone carvings, and a small gothic-style window and door. In the background, another pointed archway is visible, aligned with the main arch. A person stands in the passageway, silhouetted against the light. The tower's facade consists of rough stonework and brick.
A long corridor with a series of pointed arches and ribbed vaulted ceilings, characteristic of Gothic architecture. The columns are decorated with geometric patterns near their bases, and the stone floor is worn and uneven. Natural light enters from the right, casting shadows of the arches onto the floor and walls. The view leads toward a darkened doorway at the far end of the passage.
A Renaissance courtyard with three levels of arcaded galleries supported by evenly spaced columns. The symmetrical arches and balustrades define the architectural style, and multiple windows line the walls behind the galleries. The image is taken from a shadowed corridor under an arcade, framing the courtyard through a series of large, dark arches. The roof above the courtyard has steep slopes with several chimneys, and the open space below is mostly empty.
A brick Gothic-style church with a steeply pitched roof and tall arched windows stands at the center of a cobblestone courtyard. A small covered porch supported by decorative columns marks the entrance. Surrounding buildings include another large brick structure with Gothic windows to the left, and a simpler, lighter-colored building with rectangular windows in the background. Architectural details include stone buttresses, plaques, and spires visible in the distance. A faint figure is captured walking in the foreground.
Former Polish Eastern Territories--Buildings, structures, etc.
A rural structure consisting of a thatched-roof wooden house on the left and a two-level wooden outbuilding on the right with a hipped shingle roof and log supports. A wooden footbridge leads over a shallow ditch or garden area toward the buildings. A large fallen tree trunk lies in the foreground, and tall trees line the background behind the buildings.
Nieśwież (Belarus)--Buildings, structures, etc.
A central stucco building with three tall arched windows and a steep hipped roof, likely a synagogue. The structure shows signs of aging with peeling plaster and weathering. It is surrounded by cobblestone pavement and adjacent smaller buildings, including a wooden shop with a sign in Polish. Several people are gathered near a well and a lamppost in front of the synagogue.
Maison de campagne [près de] Wilno, a Polish country house near Vilnius
Vilnius (Lithuania)--Buildings, structures, etc.
A white neoclassical building with a prominent portico supported by four tall columns. The structure has symmetrical wings on either side, each with shuttered windows and dormer windows in the roof. The building is surrounded by trees and fronted by a grassy open area.
Woj. Wileńskie: Zielone Jezioro, The Green Lake near Wilno
A calm lake with tall grasses growing near the shoreline in the foreground. A densely forested hill rises in the distance across the water. Above, large, billowing clouds fill the sky, with their reflections visible on the lake’s surface. The surrounding landscape is wooded.
A single-story wooden building with a gabled roof and a central portico supported by four large round columns. The structure has multiple tall, narrow windows with divided panes. The building is situated in a landscaped area with trimmed bushes and a dirt path in the foreground. Dense trees form a backdrop behind the building.
Former Polish Eastern Territories--Buildings, structures, etc
Navahrudak (Belarus)---- Buildings, structures, etc.
A wooden building with classical architectural features including a central portico supported by four large round columns. Above the entrance is a triangular pediment and a second-story balcony with a decorative crisscross and oval-patterned railing. The structure has multiple double-hung windows with shutters and a symmetrical facade. Flower stands and benches are positioned near the entrance, and tall trees are visible in the background.
A white neoclassical-style building with tall columns and a fanlight window above the entrance is partially visible behind dense foliage. Large trees with thick branches and blooming flower clusters dominate the foreground, casting shadows on the grassy ground. Only the upper section of the building is clearly visible through gaps in the leaves.
Poland in Photographical Pictures by J. Bułhak
Woj. nowogródzkie: Nowogródek, The market place in Nowogródek
A large market square with uneven cobblestone pavement is populated by many people and horse-drawn carts. The market activity takes place in front of a long building with a pitched roof and a colonnade of white columns running along its entire length. The roof has several dormer windows and a triangular pediment over the central section. Dozens of horses are harnessed to wooden carts, and small groups of people are gathered around them or walking between stalls. A few cattle are also visible in the scene. The area is busy with movement and interaction.
A tall, multi-sided tower attached to a larger Gothic-style structure. The tower features pointed arched windows, narrow slit openings, and decorative battlements. An arched passageway at the base appears to serve as an entrance. The surrounding building walls are punctuated with tall, narrow windows, and multiple chimneys rise above the roofline. Leafless tree branches frame the view in the foreground, and a few people stand in shadow near the entrance. The building is illuminated by sunlight, casting deep shadows on parts of the façade.
A symmetrical, single-story house with white plastered walls and a hipped wooden shingle roof. The central entrance features a small gabled portico supported by two columns, partially covered with climbing vegetation. The building has multiple evenly spaced windows with shutters, and two chimneys are visible on the roof. A curved dirt path leads up to the front entrance, and the house is surrounded by a grassy lawn and mature trees, suggesting a rural or estate setting.
Kleck (Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc
An open-air market scene featuring numerous people gathered between two buildings with pitched roofs. Several women wearing headscarves are standing or sitting behind tables displaying goods. Items for sale appear to include woven baskets, jars, and textiles. Some figures are blurred, indicating movement during the photograph's exposure. The buildings are constructed with a mix of brick and wood, and their arcaded facades suggest they house shops or stalls. The atmosphere appears busy, with people interacting and walking through the marketplace.
A winter scene showing a group of leafless trees in front of long wooden buildings with tall, steeply pitched snow-covered roofs. The ground is blanketed in snow, with shadows from the trees creating dark streaks across the surface. A wooden fence is visible near the right edge, and the sky appears overcast.
Several horses stand gathered on open, flat ground near a wooden structure and a traditional sweep well with a long pole. One horse stands apart to the left near a person wearing a light hat and jacket. A thatched-roof building is partially visible on the right. The sky is mostly clear with scattered clouds. The scene appears to be a rural farm setting.
Nesvizh (Belarus)--Buildings, structures, etc.
A narrow cobblestone street lined with single-story wooden houses on both sides leads toward a white arched gate tower in the background. The street is mostly empty except for a wooden cart with a curved canvas cover parked on the right side. Trees, fences, and utility poles are visible along the street. The gate tower features an arched passage and an upper level with a large window and rounded pediment. Soft light and long shadows suggest early morning or late afternoon.
A symmetrical architectural composition featuring a prominent entrance gate in the foreground, leading into a baroque-style building complex. The entrance has classical elements, including pilasters and a triangular pediment. Above the gateway rises a cylindrical tower with a dome and lantern topped by a weather vane. The structure is flanked by single-story buildings with gabled roofs and a second tower with a clock and spire visible in the background. A dirt path leads over a small bridge with masonry railings, directing the view toward the central archway. The sky is partly cloudy, casting diffuse light across the scene.
A closer view of a rustic log structure, highlighting the details of the wooden beams and the thick thatched roof above. The image focuses on the front of the building, showing a wooden door set into horizontal planks and framed by carved wooden posts and angled support braces. A short wooden staircase leads up to a small loft entrance on the left side. The thatched roof is made from tightly packed reeds or straw, with sections appearing frayed or deteriorated along the edges. The structure rests on bare, compacted ground.
A weathered log building with a thick thatched roof made of layered reeds or straw, now fraying and deteriorating in sections. The structure has a rustic design, with a covered porch supported by carved wooden posts and a short exterior staircase leading to a loft or upper section. The walls are constructed from horizontal logs, and a small wooden fence or tool rack leans against one side. The ground is bare, and leafless trees are visible in the background, suggesting a cold season.
Nowogródzkie, A Polish farm village in the district of Nowogrodzk
A panoramic view of a rural village composed of numerous thatched-roof buildings, surrounded by open fields and gentle hills. The foreground features a curving stream bordered by grassy banks and scattered trees. The village buildings are densely clustered, while the surrounding landscape shows signs of agricultural activity with large, open plots and terraced slopes in the distance. The photo is taken from an elevated vantage point, highlighting the spatial relationship between the village and its natural surroundings.
A field of mature wheat, fills the foreground with tall stalks bending and overlapping in the wind. The dense growth is sharply defined against a dramatic sky featuring large, fluffy cumulus clouds. The lighting casts strong contrasts, highlighting the texture of the grain and the cloud formations above. The composition emphasizes the relationship between land and sky.
A quiet, forested scene featuring a small pond bordered by tall grasses and surrounded by pine trees. The water is calm and mirror-like, reflecting the trunks and branches of nearby trees. Sunlight illuminates the grasses and parts of the tree trunks, creating contrast against the shaded woodland in the background. The image conveys a serene and undisturbed natural setting.
A row of rustic wooden structures is shown with steeply pitched thatched roofs, each blanketed in a thick layer of snow. The scene is set in a snowy, rural area with the roofs curving under the weight of the snow. Bare trees are visible in the background, and the snow-covered ground in the foreground shows faint shadows of tree branches, suggesting sunlight or moonlight. The buildings appear traditional, possibly barns or storage huts, and are closely aligned along a narrow path.
A wide, one-story building with a pitched roof and a columned front porch sits at the center of the image, partially framed by tall pine trees on either side. The structure appears to be set in a large clearing, with well-kept grass and scattered shade from the trees. Additional trees and forested areas are visible in the background, contributing to the rural and secluded setting. A few animals, possibly deer or small livestock, can be seen grazing in the field near the house.
Lublin: Brama Krakowska, The Cracow Gate
Lublin (Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc.
A tall, historic clock tower stands in the center of a town square. The tower has a baroque-style dome and an octagonal upper section with arched windows and a clock face. Below the clock is a balcony encircling the tower. The base of the tower features crenellations and an arched gateway through which people are walking. Flanking the tower are multi-story buildings with signage, including “MEBLE” on the left and “HOTEL CENTRALNY” on the right. Several groups of people are visible in the square, some walking and others gathered near the entrance to the tower.
Kazimierz Dolny (Poland)--Building, structures, etc.
A rural landscape featuring a winding dirt path leading through a field of tall grass toward a hillside village. The village is nestled among trees with whitewashed houses and red-tiled roofs. A large church with two towers is situated prominently on the slope, just below a set of stone castle ruins and a circular tower higher up the hill. To the left, a broad river stretches across the landscape, with buildings and a spire visible near the water’s edge. The terrain rises gradually in the background, creating a layered view of the countryside.
View of a dense grouping of church structures, showcasing a variety of architectural elements. In the foreground is a large polygonal apse with a tall, domed roof topped by a lantern and cross. Behind it, a steeply pitched gabled roof rises above the main nave, flanked by a spire with baroque detailing and another with Gothic Revival styling and crenellations. Smaller cupolas and turreted structures are scattered among the rooftops. The photo emphasizes the layering and complexity of the historic ecclesiastical architecture.
A large, formal square with several historic buildings, including a prominent Baroque-style church with twin bell towers and a triangular pediment supported by columns at the main entrance. To the left stands a tall Gothic Revival-style clock tower with lancet windows and crenellations, attached to a multi-story building with regularly spaced windows and decorative moldings. A connecting structure bearing Cyrillic text spans the space between the two main buildings. In the foreground, people are gathered or walking across the paved square, suggesting an active public space.
A richly ornamented vaulted ceiling featuring a network of intersecting ribs that form geometric panels. At the center is a large eight-pointed star in relief, surrounded by smaller starburst motifs and medallion-like roundels with detailed carvings. The plaster or stonework shows signs of aging, with some surface wear. The design is symmetrical and likely from a historic building such as a church, palace, or civic hall, indicating Renaissance or Baroque architectural influence.
A close-up view of two adjacent rectangular windows set in a weathered plaster wall. Each window is bordered by elaborately carved stone frames. The vertical pilasters between and alongside the windows feature sculpted figures, including winged heads, bearded men, crowned figures, and decorative motifs such as shells and floral forms. The stone carvings are symmetrical and stylized, showing signs of age and wear. Lace curtains are visible behind the glass panes, adding a domestic contrast to the monumental carvings. The architectural style suggests a Renaissance or Baroque influence.
Mural painting and decoration--Poland--Lublin
A view of a vaulted interior ceiling adorned with painted religious frescoes. The dark ribbed arches are decorated with intricate patterns, framing two large murals. The mural on the left features a group of haloed figures, including what appears to be saints or apostles, gathered in a dense formation. Above them, an enthroned figure is partially visible, surrounded by additional figures. On the right, a lighter-toned fresco depicts a biblical banquet scene set within a walled architectural structure, likely illustrating a New Testament narrative. The overall style and iconography suggest Eastern Orthodox Christian influence.
A carved stone relief features three distinct heraldic elements side by side. On the left is a shield topped by three ornate crowns and flanked by crossed keys, flags, and grape clusters. In the center, a large eagle with spread wings holds a crescent moon and star on its chest, accompanied by two sculpted human figures, each holding a round shield. Below the eagle is an inscribed plaque in Latin, partially reading “IOANNIS III POLONIARUM REGIS.” On the right is a circular laurel wreath encircling a castle gate with three towers and a rearing lion, possibly a city emblem. Above is a plaque reading “ODNOWIONO ROKU 1850,” indicating restoration in 1850. The overall style suggests commemorative or civic significance, likely Polish or Lithuanian.
A street scene shows a long row of two-story buildings featuring prominent arches at ground level, forming an arcade. The upper floor has regularly spaced windows with a mix of open and closed shutters. Signs reading "FRYZJER" hang between some arches, indicating barbershops. Several people, including children, are gathered or walking along the sidewalk in front of the arches. The street appears unpaved, with visible stones and dirt, and the light suggests late afternoon or early morning. The architecture and signage suggest a mid-20th-century Central or Eastern European town.
Vilnius (Lithuania)--Buildings, structures, etc..
A quiet, narrow alley with a cobblestone path winds between aged plaster buildings, most of which have small windows and tile roofs. The left building has a curved wall casting distinct shadows, while the right building's slanted roof adds to the compressed feel of the alley. The path leads toward a cluster of buildings in the background, some with visible chimneys. The scene is lit by strong sunlight, producing deep contrasts between light and shadow.
Vilnius (Lithuania)--Buildings, structures, etc
A narrow street flanked by tall buildings leads toward the Gate of Dawn, a historic city gate in Vilnius, Lithuania. In the foreground on the left is a large Baroque-style church with domed and arched towers topped with crosses. The Gate of Dawn, seen in the background, features classical architectural elements including columns, decorative sculptures, and a prominent pediment with the inscription "MATER MISERICORDIAE." Pedestrians are visible along the street, some appearing blurred from motion.
A narrow, winding cobblestone street lined with tall, closely built masonry buildings. The buildings have multiple shuttered windows and arched doorways, with iron lanterns mounted on the walls. One open window on the left casts a distinct shadow. The street curves out of view in the distance, and strong contrast between sunlight and shadow gives the scene a dramatic tone.
A view of a city from an elevated wooded area, with tall pine trees in the foreground partially obscuring the scene. In the background, several domed and spired church buildings rise above rooftops. The city extends into the distance, with a hazy atmosphere suggesting hills or higher terrain beyond the urban area.
Wilno: The Ostra Brama Church - the praying populace
A densely packed crowd fills a narrow street leading up to an arched gateway structure topped by a classical pediment. The structure is the Gate of Dawn, with "Mater Misericordiæ" inscribed above the arch and a small shrine visible in the upper center. Most individuals in the crowd are holding umbrellas. Flanking buildings have balconies and arched windows, and leafless trees are visible behind the gate.
An ornate church interior with decorative marble walls and large framed paintings. A person is kneeling at a wooden prayer bench near the foreground, facing a distant altar area. Sunlight enters from above, casting strong diagonal beams of light across the space. A life-sized statue and a tall candlestick are visible near the back wall. The floor features a checkered tile pattern.
An elevated view over a historic European city, with a prominent domed church in the foreground featuring classical architecture and a bell tower topped with a spire and clock. Several statues adorn the roofline of the church. The background reveals a densely built urban area with mid-rise buildings, smokestacks, and structures climbing up a hill. Trees frame the lower edge of the scene.
A narrow alley lined with tall buildings, one with exposed brickwork and the other with a worn plastered surface. The alley has a sloping, uneven cobblestone path that leads toward an archway in the distance, where more structures are visible beyond. A small tiled-roof section juts into the alley from the left, with a visible drainpipe. Harsh shadows are cast across the ground and walls, suggesting strong sunlight from an upper left angle.
A symmetrical, three-story Baroque-style building with a central section flanked by two projecting wings. The façade features arched windows on the lower level and rectangular windows above, all framed by pilasters and decorative moldings. The central portion is topped with a triangular pediment containing sculptural reliefs and flanked by statues, including a prominent seated figure holding a staff. The roof has balustrades and spires on both ends. The cobblestone foreground includes a low brick wall and a pile of rubble or construction debris near the right side.
Kapl. św. Kazimierza: Tablica Zygmunt III
An ornate stone crest mounted on a wall, framed by carved scrollwork and floral patterns. The central shield displays two figures: a crowned eagle with spread wings on the left and a person on horseback wielding a weapon on the right. The crest is topped with a decorative flourish and partially shaded, casting strong shadows against the wall behind it.
A two-story building facade with four large archways—two on each floor—framing rectangular windows. The surface of the building shows visible wear, with peeling plaster and cracks. The tiled roof has four brick chimneys. A covered entrance with a small awning is visible on the left, and a dark staircase extends behind the rightmost archway. The ground is unpaved with loose debris scattered near the base of the building.
Šv. Onos bažnyčia (Vilnius, Lithuania)
A Gothic-style brick church with three tall, ornate spires topped with crosses. The structure features vertical detailing, arched windows, and elaborate buttresses. A second building with a partially visible gabled roof is attached to the right side. Trees and a small wooden fence are in the foreground, with cobblestone paving visible near the entrance. The lighting casts long shadows, indicating late afternoon or early evening.
Elevated view of a historic European city, likely Vilnius, showing densely packed buildings with tiled roofs, narrow winding streets, and several prominent church towers rising above the rooftops. Two tall, white bell towers dominate the skyline in the middle and background, surrounded by a mix of residential and ecclesiastical structures. The city stretches into the distance, with hills faintly visible on the horizon. The lighting suggests late afternoon or early evening.
Warsaw (Poland)--Buildings, structures, etc.
A grand baroque church dominates the scene, characterized by large Corinthian columns, arched windows, and sculptural details. The front façade features a tall central structure with statues in niches, capped by a large globe and cross. A smaller cylindrical tower with a circular opening sits on the corner. The roof is steep and tiled, with weathered patches. In the foreground, there is a garden area with small trees, lampposts, and a decorative wrought iron fence. The lighting suggests a bright, clear day.
Hrodna (Belarus)--Buildings, structures, etc.
The scene shows a large, light-colored building complex with simple rectangular windows and a sloped roof with multiple chimneys. A prominent arched gateway connects two main structures, leading into an inner courtyard. In front of the gateway is a raised earthen mound covered with vegetation, bordered by a stone retaining wall and a bridge. A tall, leafy tree stands in the foreground to the left, partially obscuring the view of the gateway. The lighting suggests midday under clear skies.
Poland in Photographical Pictures by J. Bulhak
In a densely wooded area, two European bison are visible in a grassy clearing. The animals are partially obscured by shadows and undergrowth. Tall trees with straight trunks line both sides of the forest path, extending into the background. Dappled light filters through the canopy, illuminating patches of the ground and the bison's backs. The atmosphere is quiet and natural, suggesting an undisturbed woodland habitat.
A flowering tree dominates the foreground, its branches densely covered with blossoms. The trunk is thick and slightly leaning, with many twisting limbs reaching outward. In the background, more trees in bloom are visible, suggesting an orchard setting. The ground is grassy, and the lighting casts deep shadows, enhancing the texture of the bark and flowers.
Rows of trees in an orchard are densely covered with blossoms, suggesting springtime. The ground is grassy and the trees cast soft shadows, indicating early morning or late afternoon sunlight. The scene extends into the background with more blooming trees, creating a sense of depth and uniformity.
A cluster of traditional wooden buildings with thick, snow-laden gabled roofs stands in a snowy clearing. Tire tracks and paths are visible in the snow, curving toward the structures. Bare trees in the background mark the edge of a forest. The lighting suggests a low winter sun casting long shadows across the snow.
An aged urban courtyard scene with snow-covered cobblestones. The central building has worn plaster, a steep tiled roof with dormer windows, and visible damage to the roof and facade. A sculpted bull's head projects from the corner of the building. Other multi-story buildings surround the space, and a few blurred figures are visible near the edges of the square. Shadows indicate low sunlight, likely early morning or late afternoon.
A group of tall, slender poppy flowers with wilting, light-colored petals stands among wild grasses. The background is dark and out of focus, contrasting with the lighter tones of the flowers and grasses in the foreground.
A stone sculpture depicts a mythological figure seated on a square pedestal. The figure has a muscular human torso, goat-like legs, and a contemplative expression, with one elbow resting on its knee and its chin supported by its hand. The head features a crown or headpiece, and a cylindrical object rests atop it. The statue is surrounded by dense foliage and is partially illuminated, casting shadows across its surface.
A large arched gate with a pointed, tiled roof stands as a central element in this symmetrical building. The arch is tall and pointed, framing a tree and a figure standing by a small gate beyond the opening. The structure is flanked by two lower, attached wings with narrow arched windows or recesses. Trees border the scene on both sides, and the ground in front of the gate appears muddy. The lighting suggests overcast or diffused daylight.
A detailed sculpture of two partially draped figures is mounted on a large pedestal in a formal garden setting. The figures appear to be in motion, with one reaching forward and the other positioned behind. The sculpture stands beside a pond bordered by trimmed hedges and decorative edging. In the distance, a sundial is placed on a cylindrical pedestal, and another statue is visible on the far right near dense trees. The scene is lit by natural daylight, with tall trees forming the backdrop.
A neoclassical stone pavilion stands in a wooded park, partially shaded by tall trees. The structure features fluted columns, recessed statues in niches, and a decorative frieze. In the foreground, a lion sculpture rests on a low stone wall bordering a calm body of water that reflects the architecture and surrounding vegetation. Sunlight filters through the trees, casting dappled shadows across the scene. The atmosphere is serene, and the overall composition highlights symmetry and classical design elements.
Vertical monument featuring a fluted column topped with a statue of a figure holding a sword and cross, likely a king or saint. The column stands in a cobblestone plaza bordered by multi-story buildings with gabled rooftops and dormer windows. In the distance, a Gothic church with ornate towers rises above the rooftops. Leafless trees and a curved streetlamp frame the left side of the composition, and small groups of people are visible at the base of the column and along the street. The photograph appears to be taken in winter or early spring, with low sunlight casting long shadows.
Copyright by Photo-Plat, 57, Nowy-Swiat, tel. 307-47, Warsaw
View over tightly clustered tile rooftops and brick chimneys of a historic urban area. In the distance, multiple ornate church towers with onion domes and spires rise above the lower buildings, silhouetted against a hazy sky. The composition emphasizes architectural textures, including tile patterns, aged plaster, and varied chimney forms. The lighting suggests late afternoon or early morning, casting long shadows and highlighting the silhouettes of the towers. The overall atmosphere conveys a sense of age and historical depth.
High-angle view over a European town square bordered by tightly packed, multi-story historic buildings with gabled roofs and uniform facades. The scene is bisected by long shadows stretching across the open square, which is sparsely populated by a few small figures. The background reveals a dense urban landscape with a mix of low- and mid-rise buildings, chimneys, and church towers extending toward the horizon. Rooftops in the foreground are prominent, with tile patterns and chimneys clearly visible. The atmosphere and architecture suggest an early 20th-century European city.
Former Polish Eastern Territories--Buildings, structures, etc., Markets--Former Polish Eastern Territories
A bustling market scene set in a town square, densely packed with people and horse-drawn carts. The square is filled to capacity with individuals engaged in trade and movement. Dozens of horses are hitched to wooden wagons, and some people appear to be loading or unloading goods. In the foreground, a small building with a partially repaired roof stands prominently, while rows of simple houses and market structures line the background. The overall atmosphere suggests a major market day or fair in a rural town, likely from the early 20th century or earlier.
A large, aged building with a deteriorating stucco facade and a section of exposed brick at the top. The upper portion features a row of blind arches, some with remnants of columns or corbels beneath. Several windows, in varying states of condition, are visible on the lower and upper stories. A smaller structure with a steep, tiled roof and arched wooden door adjoins the main building on the right. The ground is uneven and strewn with debris, and stacked wooden logs are visible in the foreground. The overall atmosphere suggests neglect and age.
La Pologne en images photogr. de J. Bulhak
A dimly lit forest scene showing several tree trunks extending vertically across the composition. The foreground features thick grass, while the background fades into a misty or softly focused area, obscuring finer details. The largest tree trunk dominates the left side of the frame. The photograph uses shadow and soft lighting to create a subdued, atmospheric mood.
A decorative wrought iron lantern is affixed to an angled exterior wall, casting a distinct shadow across the surface. The wall appears weathered and leans sharply outward, leading to a cobblestone path below. In the background is a multi-story building with symmetrical windows, a doorway, and a sign partially visible near the center. The overall lighting suggests the scene was captured in strong sunlight, accentuating architectural textures and shadows.
Łazienki: le parc e le palais, Łazienki Gardens
A neoclassical building is seen in the distance, reflected in a calm pond that occupies the lower half of the composition. In the foreground to the left is part of a monumental sculptural structure with fluted columns and a sphinx statue resting on a ledge. Tall trees with dense foliage frame the view, casting shadows and creating contrast between light and dark areas.
A close-up of a large, classical-style urn made of stone or metal, mounted on a square pedestal. The urn features carved lion heads on either side and decorative fluting along its body. Bare trees and rooftops are visible in the background, suggesting a winter or early spring setting in a park or estate terrace.
Elevated view over a densely packed urban area with multiple dark, steeply sloped rooftops and chimneys in the foreground. A heavy haze or fog hangs over the city, partially obscuring the buildings and architectural details in the background. A spire is faintly visible near the center. The lighting is diffuse and low, possibly during dawn or dusk. The composition conveys a moody, atmospheric impression of an older European city.
View from an elevated position overlooking a large plaza bordered by tall, narrow buildings with gabled roofs and regularly spaced windows. The foreground includes tiled rooftops with chimneys and skylights. The square below is mostly empty, with a few scattered figures and long shadows cast across the ground, indicating low-angle sunlight. The background reveals a dense cityscape with church domes, towers, and chimneys extending into the distance. Architectural styles suggest a historic European setting.
Elevated view of a densely packed urban area showing a variety of pitched rooftops, chimneys, and tiled surfaces. The buildings are primarily constructed from brick and stone, with many roofs covered in ceramic tiles or metal sheets. Windows of various shapes and sizes are visible throughout, along with occasional skylights and dormers. The architectural style and roof density suggest a historic European city. In the background, larger institutional-style buildings and bare trees are visible, indicating a colder season.
A weathered stone wall features an elaborately carved archway with an iron grill above the entrance. Above the arch, a high-relief carving depicts a large sailing ship with multiple masts and flags, set among stylized waves. The keystone area above the door bears the letters "IHS." To the left of the doorway, a sign reads “Skład Form do Obuwia, Piwną N 35.” The doorway is open, and a barred basement window is visible on the right side of the image. The wall surface shows signs of age, with cracks, peeling plaster, and uneven texture.
A view down a narrow cobblestone street flanked by tall, aged buildings with plastered facades and shuttered windows. The right side of the street features buildings with angled supports at the base. Several people, including children, walk or stand along the street. Some architectural details like tiled rooftops and hanging signs are visible. Bright sunlight and deep shadows divide the scene, while the background reveals more multi-story buildings in the distance.
An elevated view shows a historic building complex featuring two main wings connected by a long colonnaded structure with tall, evenly spaced columns. The buildings are three stories high, with classical architectural detailing including pilasters with Corinthian capitals and rectangular windows. The courtyard below includes a walkway, a few small plantings, and a streetlamp with a curved arm. Leafless trees and a distant cityscape are visible in the background.
The fountain in the Saxon Garden at Warsaw
A monumental tiered fountain stands in a landscaped park. The fountain features a wide, shallow upper basin supported by a fluted pedestal with carved ornamentation at the base. The circular lower basin is decorated with garlands, leaf patterns, and sculpted heads at regular intervals. Fallen leaves have collected around the fountain, and leafless trees fill the background, suggesting late autumn or early winter.
La Pologne en images photgr. de J. Bulhak
View of a grand architectural facade featuring a lower level with a series of arched openings, some of which contain wrought iron gates and posters. The upper level is supported by a row of tall Corinthian columns and balustrades, forming a two-story colonnade. A stylized bird emblem on a pole is visible in the foreground on the upper level, silhouetted against the sky. Leafless trees and a multi-story building appear in the background.
A multi-arched stone bridge spans a river, with its structure reflected clearly in the still water below. Atop the bridge, large sculptural figures including a mounted figure and accompanying statues stand prominently on one end. A person is visible walking along the bridge near the sculptures. The background is filled with dense trees in full leaf. The bridge features a balustrade and evenly spaced stone posts.
A grand Baroque church facade featuring tall columns, arched windows, and multiple niches containing statues. The upper portion is adorned with sculpted figures and a central bell tower topped with a cross. The lower section includes a large entrance door, above which is a decorative balcony. Leafless trees in the foreground partially obscure the building. The structure stands along a cobblestone street.
Jan Williams on television performing Lou Harrison's Canticle no. 3
Harrison, Lou, 1917-2003. Canticle, no. 3 -- Performances
State University of New York at Buffalo. Music Library
Copyright Statement for Digitized Materials from the Music Library
Diane Williams on television performing Lou Harrison's Canticle no. 3
Jan Williams portrait sitting in the Creative Associates rehearsal room, old Baird Hall, percussion instruments in background
Frank Burkett Baird Music Building (State University of New York at Buffalo)