41 100 60586 https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/b4f52f86295f42b11a5342cc7a30ace9.pdf cb3ca0a1917898c342c5d42a3d2dd9b9 PDF Text Text Recent Strike of Street ca; Men Haa 6eated Feeling Againat Militia- Wage Worka Haa i'lace in Organization That Can be Used as ' Weapon Against Hlrnad£. . 'Tbe Bodall.Jt 11101'~lllftlt P the grnlat &llli -ullltarist fore.e lp tbe ~ftrld tGIIaT· '"•~ .,. foqbt by the worlr.era, tbey are the onw wbo periU Oll tbe llehl of t.ule, It 11 tlie lr wi~ wbo t«ome of tbe brtt tpea.Un 111 the raa.U o f Sodalillt. and kDO"ll u o... of 1110.1 p61rerfu l IIICD io t.bft couatry P o ..tor. A Great..,.._, ~lft\lwiththeworil~lllfaiii!Other eot~llllt!. 'I'IIelr itt~ • .,. ldoe~:~tical ' A111 adm!Wo11 of 1~111 .,...u 'Ifill ao d !>Ia! Day ho ~lrbrated by So- d••rp<l. A numl.OI'r or ·~ the ;:~:.the_,.:,".:,~/7; 7::' =~y Ute Wo rli:l 111 Ct.. of the aod ~::v-'::11 ~.. ~~ i:t ~~ 7:;:;. Work Twelve Hoius a Day While Companies Consider Six Hours a Day Enough for Their Horses .- Union will Include All Men Working for Express-Companies. ••!._,,__ .'~· . Tloe op J>O rtu Di l y to Pl&h Butralo oa e boon; th a t hor.e r~ll until I o 'dod; ihe bnt uoioa dtltt~ in th e eouutry, In th e a!U!tnoo11 of the Den day. then IUIW ripe. ...: ,..,,,. wOrlr.iPK man, in goe1 on thll y un t il 1 o 'd~k in th l ~ity ;, t horoughl y' arouted to hie &voning, j ut t oil: bou ra a day. Th e u a ll&\"11, a nti ia rudy to eompanieJate out for pw8t, &11<1 •·al ue bl.. h llow1 if th e cbal!cO II th e lifo of tb~ horiH!, but ca~ IIOthing for tluo ml'lll, Think o't men 'II'Otli:iog tw eh ·e bourr day, day in and !layout, ..-itb l o~grr bou n •btn uUe•l out f or I Jotfialwork, without e:r tra pAy. Th e orolinn~· run it from 1 o'clock io tb f morni ng. with a t 11 o 'd CKk. Th e m en work I afte rnOon and I IIJ'J'e r b al'p<!n~ about o 'dt~kiu tbe ,e,.ening. 1 ~: th e f ruit fttU.oo,".,..ork l>l',:in• at o'd<Y"k ia tht' morning . anol .turin,:: i1 u llt>d th .. hollolny .... a..on, !be about IS hour a ou t of tbe ..Ir:.--·. :~- ,..,, ·;::::;:·:: ,_.o:·;:; ··u,: Wor ld. S.t~~.rd.ay ~ .. ul-..1 Vay t bird, at Elm- tbini ln t.. rstiog to •1 oo tbe oct;,,, ., t f ii•• ~;, 'll'tood Muair Hall, tU Sot:ialitt P•rl! of Bulfaln, •Ill bold a Yar Da,- Coelebratill n and AbU- \'far DoemnniFirat ioo. ThrN o:ouhl he 110 betU!T ti...e fOl' hnlding •o~ b • 11...rtioc. 'MIO!! rbi~f ar-b r 'Ifill he Gfflrge R. Kir.poatri.,. o f s.,... ) 'o n Cl t,1, autborof' ' War - W.,.t Forf"aotlonr Ju.dge IJro'll'"ll Jn nll!JIIf ou t the Guard du riog the ~ar urlb. re<'lf><l that all the nlt me111 1101 tha t UIPDIIIIl 111'111 atltod tlo.e lk~mher \}.., dat* ia S.tunl•! !>lay tbi"l , anJ tM plat'e ElmW'OOd HaiL . t'O'."'I W. P . Catt e ll, butio~ mano,.-:-er ot tbt Bulra lo&cial lll,b ubeen uked to organir:e a uoiuo of EIJlrKa .\l.,n. that will tako in ••·cry mao working for el:pren .-o mnanin, Inti he i1 at ..·nrk on tloe job 11 tb e pruent lim t. lla ny of the men ba.-.• ti J(n ifieol thei r williagnat t o join. a1ul th et\lffC'al of th~ nrw orl>alliE.St io o ltt lreadyauurN. I f •b bour1 1 day i1 fDilll•lf'rt>lt 1 <lay'• work for 11 borl<', aor~ ly the m~o MhDJihl tlemtnd J,...ttc r than n IW<'Ive bou r da•·. " ' tr<'!al nwut of the Get ;DI:<'Ih., r , m en . lo<l dt•n• •n• l at to th f l of 1b ~ meu: A ln•t !ht• .-ight hoor •hoy. \"nu will · tb e atahlt' at: a.m., tnd ""rre,.<J If ynu o r,.-:-ani ~. t.ut unorgan · to I o'eloek t hll tfto•rn oon . ~n izo••l yo" rnu •lo notbin,.-:-. · t nft&Whim,...lfoftbo TO OUR READERS t...,;, To ol7ou 'll'tlo ao aobly c.aa tooar&llirtueeduringtloepaa:tt en ~~a,. wiN to ~tt11d our lle&rttelt - Wa~ W &- li"OUidlihtoaeBd.,a )lftaoaalletter UJir -log our appredatloo. to Hell of yoo bot oo.r • ~loreei.llhnltf)d. · 'nl6lll&lllye.otouragiagaad•t U.r· l:q: let.UI"II •• tlave rec.ehed from yeo Ia &.pl. ~d l or our dortli atld fttn q t o r(hw..t *11eTCTIIe ' e.aUtornb.c.riptio~~&.,-oo.Uva .e~~t' l11 tlllrhll U.o put f ew a.,. lt.ubal~ uo1"aracriala,butwl. 1.111aot.,..etoutottlle•oodL TlMI ·.,_, •alae Ill tM Bdalo Boelalilt. . . . POWll do.rl111 tM reeu"t•trile.ttllee.uiawm. alldwa to(i1'1. ~ pe.~r U .W. • elma11tiu u JIOIIIIiWe. 'ftUe · t. ,.-.. ~- 0 1.... it ,._ wpport. n. a....lio e.daUit lll• ,.tlllllrpJOIII =s~d"::r!: :.~~- ao far dll.taat wQ.ltwW aw-r aa a daily. DG yov~- -.w ~ Apia W~ 7W f v TOOt ...wtuee aad ukiq yoo.r C.011d 11Ded Oil"- ~oa,W.an~, . To11111 tv BoelaUPa, Til~ 'ilou4 of Dindora, . ··----~~ ha"Jl h ired J erry O'Brien'• mu ~• t o break tbe all t "worb.-., aod t"he d ty ia· WILLIAll: P. CATTELL, of tumult. Aa a rHU!t or ~m.mluio¥r of Dftdll i11 and on t ba ttriken at tb e arm t..ortbeCityotBufl'alo,N. Y. �A ' "'' hut urt n t l ~· acquire.:! nr o of l•nd for park ]'Utpooe• in •nd. o~~o r•Hng t o •d•· i,..,~ tbr oug h t be J•tPU,youiuten•l tbt lutlo ...,r gu•lnn•andwillbe p•nil'<l by •u~b oigno n~ • ~ elo ~it.r. ~ ··" · · •· uo ( bi ldr~• I .......,.... . BATTISTONI BROS. BOTTLING Deal.,.. In ca.tllornia Wloe.IUld Uquon BpecW u.adoa .1t. rfYe to .~_... ... ..-.. ...,._,, · • 111#--*IL Aeltate and au.._..rl ... fbr- Ar~ter~:setttitm. The 0011 Gflr'IIWina... ~per Ia \be RAW OQMJ4e of lffiW Yarll: Qly, Md"q the l!Jtere.t of sM Wartlz11 bw.. - 60 oeaw fort Npft-- -•ba. Olfk<, 315-317 Gcoao. ~ • • BuiWc, N.Y. �. _ ... _.o-"f/l;.u, .Cir1111r1 ••" C~ar• BIIMDMelleu'• L1111eh ll :IIOtot:OO •HD. Eatk St.. ctr. trnWL llffllt, b.Y. MAY-DAY CELEBRAliON o:-·:·•· '·;·:· .:c.rc ,:c::.. 8li.07HBB.BOOD OF NATIONS. th•e. The re will be t wo a~ ken 011 eaeh alo.l e. FiftH-nmiDu t ea.-illboallowed r~p r~aeh..t witb eaell. I J>U.ket for prHentation aDd tu , . ,._,,_C_'O:'.:',,."C: I ""'" '"' to a bohah eounlttn azul !I I· lllinulel for reb lltU..L. Sodalillta . are "., ... 7._:·.; :·"::•,;:•.• - :··: ••: .·c: ·;c.·;r ... -- . Attb eel oeeofthe<.ll~iolltO!~I· worln11gm en bave DO f!OIUi t ry. low, a rbl11g 'I'Ote of the aodi eaee will talr.e fr.o m them what tbr! be taltu. not aot. Since th e proH! tariat h ia earantly dn ireO that u 111any fint of all l equire political au· pa rty memben a 11 d thei r frien1b be m111t ri.ol! t o be the lead in g p~KII l u poulb le. AdmiMion ia fru. tll o 11ation, mv.t eooat.it.ute i l · 111tio11, It It 110 fa r, It-elf 11t.· THE. DrrEBNA!'IONAL •.• .• JK'• ' •:•~·- -~- '~. :"'~~ ·:~:::: 1 .,,.;, , thougll not tlo e 'l!'ord. in th e Bourgtj~lt tuprtnaaey of t il e proletariat Ua em t o •·anl!ll ttl ll . ~ter. _of t ~ leadl111 e oniiV!d Ie..t, 11 one of the ll r1t for the emaaciJ>t t ion of the · ~~~o;bl~&yoet~~d~u011 1 ~"8:;~ 11;:, = prOf>Grtlon _., tb e ,uploltalion of i11dirlduil:! by t nother It pnt an amoag otlicr thinp a r• the follo.,ing to_ the ~xploitati ona of one na · mattua: The dir~~<.~ nchange of goocll ~~ ~=0~~=~::11!~ -~~~:: .!7:,o:o~ :t 1 1 :~~~~~~!e:;:p::::~eor;t!:: : l1m bet•"'n d~ . w1thU1 t~ nat~oa to-o]lt!r&ti n~ PJft. In regard tn eduoa·:--· ..c··,·;:: __··"· \"tD"-h~ the bost1hty of oile, tl&hon ti.CI'U of member., amalgama Uo 11 of ~ ~~~:::th;:..~~:~me ~ ELMWOOD MUSIC HALL PRINCIPAL SPEAKER OO·OI'B&ATIVE ALLIANCE. Tbe lat eraat.ional Co- operath·e Alii· aa ce it at JlfCMIIt tp rud ovtr thr ee ~ntlneot.. aod f4 laadJ, aod eonn 8,000 co-ope ruh·e 11odetiu with i,OOO,000 mtmben.. Tile Nlotb hltrn tion.al Co-open.U\•c Co ogreu wjll talr.e piau ~: Saturday Evening mav 3rd "' end.--Com· ::.•the aodet!n of tbe tame dhttlct. At the be gl nlug of thli year ! ,.:SU Wt &111 all equal befon tbe law, hilt penon wne employed i11 189 to-opBa· tha worltla,.a~an DIIYeT enjoy tbe lldnd tl1't toe:let\N 1111der t be eondlt!ora. of CEO. R. KIRXPATRI_C·K OF NEW YORK CITY AUTHOR OF WAR·WHAT FORP . , proteetloa of tJ~ei le'!· wlliell perm.IU a eepltal!n eorpor.iloa to it... )trike breektl'fl to ~· .. ... ~pt, t f tltelr ..._ to ralM "tU prt~ ~ \loeb labor pown. , 'l'llt do aot e"t'tll u- a ro.la ~~~~eh ._ ~ ~ lew w\!~11. - petutt. ·.to ~'7 ~~~ tM rl1 ht to dr.~ lr.lll _o,... bo.a; ,tlaey .... tilt llDI~ taritr arn~npd betwee n tb Centnl Ualoil ·of O"""ea Co-oper.tt... )odeW. ead tile ' Central U11Ioa of lliall:trt aad Confert~'7 WorktrL 'l"'lt Hanpriae"'l'rade Ua lna Eneo· ba ~-~ a .J'"'(1ellllltloe wllenby tht: ..!!.!!ken are Mrnntly ad•leed to tlioeb .. ,·lnp-iif,- Wit h t ile io- to bit tbem nnd witbdraw , fn)lll -an •~·.o• _-:;:::-__ ,-;:__ · ;:::._;:·;: •••• • ,_, ·· - ..• ·:::-:...:·.:·;:;: _·::::-..:_: - ···:·- -~ --- ,,,.,_,,,,-~,...,_-:; ""'"---~.:-.:··;;;;;: r~:~~ :~~~ ::r:.!~inr u... Pf•fil ;~:::!;;o~:~~~~· . .1/dm!ssion~ 10 Cents UNDER THE AUSPICES OF LOCAL BUEFALQ_SOCIJ\LIST pARTY I ~===============::!!:z::=:::::;:=======~l.::~ �PU8USK1lD W'aD.L Y BY TH B BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBUSHING COMPANY u..., ....., SJ W.&p~:Wn..... TIN Hl!.ISutJL ~t Hl!l:'fttY TUTTHn.L., S...-,. ~~ ._.., BUFFALO,N. Y• JORANlt BHJUl~PRUlD, 7 T . ~- Go\.TT BLL. ll<oo. ...... SlW.E.t.pStnd,3rdOoot BUFPALO, N. Y, Sat.::ttpbc Prb $1.00 per,._,, SOc lb. monU.. ~.,.W. tn a4 ..azx:~~ E.ntf'n!d u 1e000d-d ... rxut.U~rJnneh. lUI~. at the pou of!loe a' Ball'alo, New Yotlr:, llllder th o Act of Marcb 3, I!Jl9 SATURDAY, APRIL 26. 1913 THE BELGIUM STRIKE Th~ o·stimal(' of ,·ahw plat•e<l uu t h e ballot _!Jy the Behd a n s ill t.bllwn lo,\" tlw ~trikr of tlw ~.:-iHii~tll iu that country for Cfjlllli ILIUU· hoot! ~nlfrfl~o·. I t is tonc .. ~t.-d t lull o\·c r 500.000 men hfiV(: l ni~t down llwtr to>o]s in orol•·r loJ fon•o· thr l{oYcruuu• nt to gi\"c in to their Oerruuut... In th111 t'ountry wNllthy nwn. profea.,ionnlll and th e clergy, ort' nllow(.-..1 mruty \"O\t•s. while worker~~ ore allowed b nt on e. and in llJLIIlY t·n~··~ ur•· o·utiro·l~- disfrruwltiMr·ol , l wlustr~· rs l'omplet••ly_ t i••d up. hut tlw Socia li!ltll nrc p r ep a r ed for a loug Ri.•~t•· to win !lwir ri ~h t ~. whit·h they helie\·e will go "a loug WN,I' in l•rin~ill!! 11loOLLI 11 t·hu n~: t· fot the better iu the enu se of th e workt·rs. Th,in k of il. workt•nr of Anlf'rien. tlWIIf' 111).11 arr snc•rifleing en•ry. thiu~: for tiHH wh id1 you hn,·•· •tn•l f11il tu tnkf' ad\·llntage of! Sine<.· tho• rounty trf'UIHlrer hll-'> rcfn~f'll to pny th e TntcrnatiO nni'B strike darmll:<' hill wh~· Joe,;n't t ht• t•om pnny refe r ·the matter to .T utl~t· Buy onet Brown or In ju nc ti o n P ooley f In "I'Nlkin,._. of t ht- t~'KtM of th t· li Nn •est('r Compnny t o mO\'e plant to ~f• uM. G•· rmnn~·. the Tim es Hnmmer suggeHbi that of cou rse {·\"f'rythiug would Ill' Nl' r eue for th e m th er e. What til e German SociRlilitll would do to n tit'!tb co nce rn like this would not look well in print. A FINE SCHEME On•' nf nnr t•npitalil!t <lllilics pumped nut a lot of \1'0rds abnnt 1\llach in~t inail ho:s:<..,; to Htrt't•t canr nn e cllif·Jut w eek. 1111ing th e report nf ru t En.;li11h o·otLQU] for th•· o•ll«·n,;e. It is significant that th f' ptll!•ri..tor of th11t pnp•·r i!i 11 lnrJrt' !itOf~k h old .. r irr th e lut eruat ional Huilwuy . Of I'OL!I'll..- t ho· ('OIIl]'II U Y woul d r ..ee ive a ui ee r evcnuf' or lor·ko n t. (!ne t' in a whi l f' Wf' now s•·o• n st rf'N car with 8 s ign II. S_ mnil uttndtetl. a n J t llnt i,; too mtu• h. nn•l .~ho ul rl be nbo li!ih ed. The 1:0\'ern· IUI'/11 <'HIL hnrullo· the nmil unw lt h··ll o·r witlt itJIL own l• tnplo)'I'H thun l>y dt·p··cJdurj.! 011 ]•ti\"JLt•· o ·orpnru t i u n~ . \\"h 11 t th e n ews p Rper nwn·tiurw•l Wi!ilto•h !H ILo't'i>lllphHh i~ IHi t tht• thr• \Witf' t dc ]i\·ery Of !he IIIRiJ. )out tJ,. prrtt<·<·tu'>JL nf the lut•·rnatiunnl Hnilway L,\" t he gon·rnmcnt. Tlw t'!t p ttu ltht t•Ju.,~ i,; ubnt~·s fi!! hting fu r its doS!I intl'rcstN. Jtnucir10· l\ ro·fu~illl! lilt' JnLfkll f~tr U]'t'll nit ~o·hoO ) Ji finrillg \'fli'Utiun f Thtnk ••F 11. th•·n luk·· a wnlk urm 1111l tho· nll'll< low nntl lle<· tlll' boohs � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-26 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-26 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n047_19130426 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-12 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n047 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/827177c9d0ba93977880f1994fa1aeea.pdf 87c86c12d5c534d33726510334d979a7 PDF Text Text UIOI[ATTJD~a. ' YOUR .WDRISS I.AIII!L II' IT IS .47 yOIJI( SIJBSCRIP1'ION I!X I'IRJ!S NI!XT Wl!l!lt �v.... C'i lf. TV l.ut III<Wii•f wN a iiiU"r.-.tlllll~..- .. tiHI'-• ..... ,.,.."··· ,~iod i•lll•toJ"f, u ::~~·:::~;.~'-=~~!';.~~!aa.er- np~U.; aW~~~~ru:: ~lal tOJIIIIIIllll li"- C..raslfl Uroob,. tH :urs •• war, •• Jla • tou nr,..t """'l.wt• ..,t..d •• ,..,_ur •1>4 ~t:tf-11 e, tb! ,';:'·KOOt M 11111 IJI.rJ•ri.,.,J Ill. l.!e~t~no~ltti by loll al.ole , .,.. ·~ •ltJ-•• "'• ..d t .;~::":r.:~· t::~::: ~~·~ ~::~~t~; !~:,o~,~~~~~~ :~= o:, .i; . :::.ud tall of cUn ei •'•.•·e..,. .'• ~::: ~~lf""i::&J~~:~ ~~~~·~~~ t~ l'.•·c..,. A u ~o~tlou r-t u n>ol tlo .. work wla tlta Stlf.lallat 1oboold b.a,.t thla rudillf of lot i.d romfO"'it lo•• <lHii111 work, '~ it ud kl'f'jl It for whlo 11w nrly otJUifiCIM or t lol) • •~., ap•l Ollt of ou r ad••t rt iR ill bt:la1 J•r-IJ••~d by til~ ..,,·ual ..,,.nbe.-... Ia to 1•r h l1 bill we ha•·e talr.u · tb l• t,no~~.rb of tbe w11rk the wlmfen 1,.1111t a t3 1 eopie~o f tb e ta.tnl i i &lfl ht lllrtll,..\all•l•lllll•oftbll! "' o\11'"' ' of War, WbaJ f'or!aD•Ito~t lor "" 11411 ar ot wouthtrlaJ l10w tlto:y were our handa ,..e I'JIIb ou r reader• t he a •tor<lthidc<liu toMII,.-inl(w0111anlll"k· lowlu~r•Jift l al otl'c r: hill" Ia tb11 m~n ta lit y .,.,_~.. , ,. lo • To the ll,.t !I I J-iTJIOIII ulliag at t•TOJ '"' r uu•l., rotall•lhl): ofH OJnoon lu, arul otlltr, atl'j! W~ l 1-'.aJt:le• treott , •Pd ...,11,,., lnrlu•llllil tbr wr iter. arl' olttil\11 dll.tln& a .yrarly tu~ritlllon ,; '" lat o·o' noJ:b to '' joOrlnjj o•·~r tb.!lr tlur nutralo .SO.,Iall~t at ooe I 11 tr ... ouo ho 111 t lfort to a•·oiot l"'iuJ( b~tjoll!· will J;i•·e tacb t;eraou ab.olut fly truly wt~lu. I' N<lltuble•llr tlt iJ t u· ~uJ•Y of \\"ar, \\"bat f or r atloPg ' tu•• •• nufl'alo &<- lall •t"' • ·Ill nutnl~er lut, \"alut. of t!.!!O for oot' It- •ont r iltu t ~ r • rnore tkau 0111 Xu 11111\ ordf'fJ will I.e at~t.)lltd l Jrr•• IU I I.,Of tb t 1111 :1 ol uoly tla• Of \2 ('f'llltil inrluded IO)'Iy L...-al Uu11klrk , Only .one l.o<.ook to a Jle n-on. ..-.t """'"Ill lflAOA.RA. FALLS, N . Y . .. f!olllo r llulf aluNH"Ia\J.t : 1'h r~l' of t bfl 111001 t Im porta nt I•·~Yt.~nl ' "" ' uujjht iu tlolo ronu nunll y ba••e bfo l'n oi<!I1IOII•Irll~d itt tko• fl'f'l'll! o\r<!el J''Tono t he \...,khiDi ng Of t he rat otrl lut In tkto Plly. whkh mllrkl'l'l fo!o<-iali~ t , Itt rnlu nmt hon·r . . t-:,~!":~~~~:~'~r :.~-~~ ~o;,•hn ' ulll rlah. with a\l tk,. )r o· ' """'"• ·~ t r., uroahlr :~~~!:.nC:..' frmn "' ·' " "'":·:·:: ; ··,: lo hlo t hr• I ,, ~~~-=-~ - .r --ac.~;t~~-"-.U.,~ t:ive b11 kl noti~e of wlt b· 1 of all deJI>O~ ill. pay out •• litllc money •• poM- 1•\ace o f tbe oldttyle 1trlte. lt't the ll ~fOIIII I I rtiD. ( Thi1 and t be t loolri"eea )llt!ViOOI o.leJIONt uo mo11ey ia bauta. itll'l; wlll be pab li1bed 10011 i11 ~-ou bn "e baekl of your 01n1, Jlblt t form, 1\hutn.led wltb do no! redeJlOIIil ;., n 'Joitalllt and diagrama. 7 ell ce.•t• • Tbi• e•·e., tbe )lOlita\ ~at'• do Orde r fro.a autbor, 2830 Lop11 ' !Cllica go. !,;,========~========~ Ttooeuperit.llcaoftll a hlternatloaal tll a capltalllt f'llJielll of B11fl'aJo , a re oaly too u.~r to get tHir Cbt C~zv ~'/Wistr~r· PETER KUPPEL &a.DatKuta&ILU'IIJAd&. JCa~•,._,.lltniM tqlleeutd l;==~;~;:;;~====~;;~;;==~ tlleawM.\IIId.• blootl .. dtnn of ou tlle hoarded dol ta.,. at ruu:li ngtt reet ra.ilway e..-\de.atly cau.ed ll lln 11 '""'7,-;e~!~~s TO GREEDY PLUTOCRATS. Out out thle Ad •and . brtnattto- BUFFALO SHOE CO. Smcca and . Bllkott Struts �. I ANTI- WA.R DEMONSTRATION .MAY-DAY CELEBRATION SATURDAY EVENING MAY 3rd ELMWOOD · MUSIC HALL PRINCIPAL SPEAKER GEORGE R. KIRKPATRICK Of NEW YORK CITY AUTHOR OF WAR- WHAT FOR? UNDER THE AUSPICES OF LOCAL BUF.FALO SOCIALIST PARTY �LIST -!.don . . EQUALITY BEFOWI£ T H E LAW - ~WKULT BUFFALO SOCIAlJST PUilUSHING CDIEPAN"l SlY.E..p.,.,.._W._ .....,...._..._,..,_ ~TVT"nnR.L,.~ - Plt.UIIt~.~- w. r . G&TTCLL.. .... ,... - ~· -.!"- maieriaJ iD.ta'tft ad • ~ IIDiier ~ it reUiMd.. 'Wiaat-wt: DNilia DDt l!llutit!' before the eapisalin Jaw, ba1 a _... Ia•, Ue objeet of nitll il tW lmmm intft'Ml .r aU la'Q.JU.D BUPPALO,N.Y. ..._..,.PtbSIAO,.,.._,,SOt.a ...... ,..,..... .. . . . _ .... tt1J.a&IMJ11*4ic:.U ~-~--.J 8d.do,. ~- T.t:, ~liMo pclW'U" ~ llelpl.e. ~to~ eseep: Hilt taw ofi:umaL'tJ", Urr.t- ~ ol ~ ia DOt obliptary r.r asodd ~ ~ ...... blain--~. i: il -!1 ~.-itil BUPTAJ.4K.Y. ~ JSl 'W• .r..,t.s.-t,.W&w law! Of ........ - - . . _ _ : , - ol - , ., ... - :ia~.rn:r::=--thl!--=::r-=: -~i ~~i-~~~ H 1---....;.-.-~;..--~-~~----" ud liCe. X. ...... rillased wMu eapitaHst ~..a.-- liMit~ to llriDc f t Tim Ad til a.rd!l, _ , . BACK TO NATURE ! .t a:.w.p - ~ ~ wiUI aD lM ,....,...;. .t a~tue O..t~-- . . . . . . . . .riq; -.kid.tk ..........t.t-~Ma n. ..._.. ..kr U.. k tM - a t• ...,. ~ .._.. .u.v .......... -... rap- ::" ~-::.r..:iu'll":.;;!.p.~ -=..-:..~~= lalftlity~._.,.. t.M-...._, B~~!:: ,:"..~rn~~~Q ·!~~n~ ~~J ~e~~;;;;;,;;>;i,:;·r, .. ......wr..t ltsf~ aaiol-~~. " " ' -"'"' ... :::;: ~p~~,:!.-:: ~or!..-;~=,:=-~=':;.~'•~--·~-·· •kr U..t ..t.- torr ci'li! , ... ~ -u.n .tall .. .t o.. ....... ram. of mor""' f11r tbl! wurkilll n.,. (I( Huft'alo thaa any preriaas b.ttle wwld..rkfl. .tru~r~~:le vf •orlce-n ~iut tnafllf:'TL oobi~T::,;:r~·~7!;;roy:b:;a~~!.6[n n;:r:;n~0!bo~t:.'::!." ~-~to Itt tlri•;.wu.~m.:'~ ~~ Wa will atahliA tile -~ ..w -aic a..uu. ho 7:: :!,_~-- ~~-:..'";..; ~ !t-;!: '::.~~ :.,-: .~ -~·-- 11 •-··~ .....:~·... , • ., rf•llt oniorr. w-e abU .....,. o. ~.....d..., itt.- o.e reafuatitu ~ ~ t... a Mttu, ..i.-enal ~boac& ta aat 11 re.. Wa1riD lifa'a 11.0blt.t pa~ tiMa1 .,-.w. ~ tM pndanioa a nJAU .. r of fan. )fayor Jo'uhnn•nn ball nothin1 I() do with TO LY.SU THY. CO)I I'.AXY ;\ U, 'NH; All> liE ::.:t:::!, C:.~: ~~-:::! 1~.:·::-:-.::. ::..~11 ;,'- -~~~:.:~-:.:"'..: tioa~~~-:!a (;QI~;:,: ltmuc. and "'I" thi n" only, ;;;oi'"~''""' t.rought the lntenational to .. bebea •P lcr~ and (or~:t-d the r,.,~ition of l hto: union. TUAT OSE TII J!\'0 io« u tare do t•rir biddi..s- We ..-m p&oltatiOII af _..by-...,~ a .,...._.. atul p11t it lato .,-.tiea, WA8 TilE ~ II AUOW CW -12.0011 Dt;Tf-;Rlii XED WORKISOliEN r• bat.ir. " ~~.&tlllt u a.-iliud ..,., upaitalio. ot au aural aM .m! "..c!us eJa..audoct, -rkiapu.. ._lr:_ Half a ailllea Btlflaa a"' .. .erik ..._.,. tkt aMltUM 1.1 ,.etlq 'J'I't-. u..ter tkl ~ a• rit• .... ' - •....-.1 ~ WHO T II REATY.SF:U TO LAY IJOWX THEIR TOOLS ASD JOIX AA~J-~~~~~:~~-..:~i~\',; ~ilio•illnll THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT IS in Uuft"11lo eould ha\'1' whintd lhf' olfk·~ "' IJw JU tM'"flAiiOIIIll llfllil lhf'\" " 't<rl' hlack in tht" raCe, II wuuld not IJIIVI' cbamu:d the fa l!f' of ihf! ai tuation a hair'a breadth. /.~'r!•~"rT·~~-~~~~Ji':;;~:~h~J:~u~.R~~Z;~~ltiou Sllii'I~Y It i11 not tht- Jl<ilil·y of th~ caJinalillt politician• t o Jwnuit illll o•IJJ"'' 1" kw·•· th•·ir t~t r••tJgt h . lmw~vt r . Sor ill it lh ~ ~:':::,~~~~~ u.-w~J•hJH•rJI Jt j-" tllf'lr !o) f 0!\"S YOI · ; tol pt'ruut th~ It ;, • min.ake to Pt•.-e • dill .tftf'l•l•• tM • -b of DE- ~~~:~~~:'0:"~biJI"~ ea~~~~~.;:\!!:.~· !u.u~ O:.:':fb::! :.:-::" wor-k· moy •rit* •hot it pl......_ l!llcn of ail tile tlb .pfiat t\t:[ X l-:KH" (W St '1' 11 1-: 1' 1"11/ ~~?,::.,~~~~~~ ~;:,',~;·1'11ph~li111.11 lofo~11n 111" in BuiTn lo to rt>1tli1.e the f11rf!'ll,'' l!lllll •·lf·; ·b of.n ~··n••rnl ~~~rik•· IT QI 1 1 C~ J-:SED_ T I_I E _I' ULSF. O f-' 1-:\ J-:HY II X I~ Iii- 111 Y.~l . rlh · !•IKt'~ TO h1t. a CII J~Ihl~l!ll : !f,you II'Kn.t l u '"'"' II II \ " IIIII IIJ!OI. 1'1 to l ilT III l i I S T UE I OCK~.T :BOOK. AJ'I"'"I" It• lu~ f111t11t'tlol "r nwr•·y nn · n waslf! o f bre11tla, A:-i F.\~ H Y ! 'S itiJi'\ti~~-Aj~,,~;~::~~~~;l t.. ·:lt•n. RI f'~'••r.~· :::~ ~~~'!·; ~~ g11inin~ 1 1 .~~ ~~j)\.;\~~'l' ,(~!ll-~tl1~11f 1~11 t~: IJCin~t ~h,. .d~a1iotit (O~~eJ>.tio~ ~ tr 1k~· lo pul th e r~·nr of wlllcil It .,.. to ••· to fonD 1111" owo1ood; ~- nf th e :i. Itt~:,~:: ~'; !d;:~l::•:.~;:• ~t .. f ~~~••~r=; 1;';.~·~~~~~~;':: ,':. ~~~~~~ of l ht mh ttr ri11M frOWI Cl110~1h0111der 011111 1•• ot her, We N'lt"n't to rapoft th t Yr. )llnlro.oll'l "f'flinlll1'' lfl "t -tl•l wit .. very ~nth a 1i1Jtit ·~f'port. A• utr1 loaf or two •pated h7'1•• t11flltalht• would m•lle UJ • II tbt ""'•P' tor tM hit taU. ' ' o•ur 1111'11 " • , "~·u.-.~ 1 from th o• l n to•rnnti11n":l h~· tlu·. i do tbl! ll~;lrotillgf • • .. •~1111111111 • •• " ' lh·· 111•·!1 " lll hlll•' 1" 1-..· lll"t'tlt'IH:-d (l'()lt!Jt by lllll.m fllf('l'. o! tb~ futurl': of 1.,.,iety . . Ill"'" tba brai11 work of tile . .\ .. --~""' n• lh·· --~rtl,,• 11ns on•r . tlw "'-!111)!1. lthu IH'tl' luule..l 11"ilh l workilll-! pPOJ•I.-. l! th* llorrodt thlllir. tbe )",' 1•,1 Th•• •:l ]•H nl "l l':'l "'l"l>i "tl tlh·ir nrrh·n l , Wo•r.• kit·k<'d out of towu ri,:b t w:ay, Ua<1 amro1 ud haada ..-iff' Dot us ll'••· l··"~ h lllll'. 1-:t•·ll Ill•· •"ll l•itnh--ts 1\C!'pist II '""llh. ar t tbt WTDDg ••Y· :;.tn:. ::::~D~~~~~~ :;r::~;",.!~Y action. Tbf! molt diree:t actjo11 f/, '"'!bodY to ,,.,.ue i1 •l••.v• the 1di011 tbst bring• •bout tbe detirad rtJulta tt t•e lt&n pw~ible ru terlll aad monl co.t. The 1110ia qa~ioa 11 what i» yw r 1•a~et aDd tbc ~~oUt in impo rt· 'fh· mr ...~ 111" 1., .._ .. towh·. Tho• 1111111 who i.'l "'ll' ilh ·· th r mJt.jorit~· Tb~ Sotirli.tt• aa eeruiial;r full of uce-, w~t are your mraDrl' · 'll l•ltill ,1., " "II 1,. ,,, 1111111", liim....·li 111 Tinol 0111 wheN' he is la nte . halt or f"'lrio>li~ fenor, a•d tllti r pauieti&IJI ~ tboag, h-~.-~,, H41DI to be ce rhll ll•l Tlh· t ll•tlk•·" 1\1'1' Ml\111~ " 111 Mlt"MII"'' of t he m11 jnrity. :::.,,~~li::!t~:~:;f;:.fe~~~ .::.D: ::~;-:t ::u::~l~~~~~~~:i:.:r:~:~~ "'"'t"'-"'oll ••• I ~~~::: ,;:~·~,:.~~u'::;•::!:::, ~;:,'~~~~'!t::~ ~:~ ~~~~~~':l~d:••• "'"r•· A.ll of tile iotOple •ho':" tt.o 11o...,, ...~• t t •I•U . rrau1 11111011at 111 u r th lac 1r11 • -' •JII!ad~na, ud, of cDUJ11t, 'twera . .. _, lad...t , u tiN Aellrlfln arnbau1oto r t.otdda 't ·~ 1111 •ltb tM:a!, , .. To be. 1u r~, be. tlOH tl e lMtt 1ae tu, tllltaal•• •11 Mr•u t• .,..,, to lkt Jut lnth of bldf!; hat, alt.~r all, that'• 01111 a trUie wla.. 1" r•- to toar-11 ft. with tbe <lrlllaad• for «-'d l•ee uti rul'l" 111d '"'" ~IIJool: I'INI "'" othr gotu tlol•o~ t ~l•r• replar biJ!b·toatd lllllbu.II.'IOf. ••ot .. A TA L B OJI TWO OHIT/08. .~":::Jn~~~."::~~~~=~!:, :.::r::-~=~ 1 ~t;~~.:~:: shu a t t!!O a wee.ll per belli. tblt ll 1Aioald be. lllled.-101' twt ..r1111hlat~ta 11f tilt work• • • •••I DO otMr t.laH. Uo..,-.M 'Dttana '5flltl!tl .. tl- 01 pllf1)..C1J?i taii1U bold tbe Sod11i1U aad I•IDUI tatff!JIIr to tla "bllll...,...•," llt"Ottt4t 1a11 hd bte• 111 cr.. theorist~. Perh•Jl'l· Tt.e • JII'IOII. , Praoce too k tile N.IDa 11ttitude. Nlltlltolly, tiNy trere UJI 111 .,., lli t Ill• ,...,elatlo.. ,. lad,fe. at 1•• lbor• t.la- wbo aougbl to p.id~ t•• ouc-llbrtd -'' Hell " rnaror, nd all ,..111ea s-iNd biN&. t.a bf,tt lal•, Ulfot· doD. But tlo.ere .f.l- a ma:a ud llt tvut~lr, ll01r11nr, for t"-, t,.be wotklaa ,•"- rot.otJ~Iq,d fll e.... pa.,a aad wrote tile 8edaJ Cotatra;:L Tllat m~J~ td~ to ba ••••ll•d w IJU~ bJ t.la4i aaf-..1 c"J)''tallria ot •U ~n!M.- :::.J:.: :::::;.~ 111 ~t 0 ~k.. .:! ::;;,:";;,11:-t.la-:: .::::::::::-: odllloa llf t.lae ! ,, " ' h' or I h .. ~··''""'' (\1•1 f ra,• nt l~ .. r thL• "rom mou I>Ctpul" who are al- burtlr..., aad do •» ita t,lltillf, U' 11111- a •boneai•a 11f the be11,. o! tabor for J::~~;pe ui.-.. ~teet Q.r wa_\ , a t t h•• h"1"l ,,r th. h,.rourouJ.: lll'llo•r 111 t•ampa i.gu ~1nr burn bf: doDe. tile •o.rkf.1'J 11f • H'rt&ia iDd111try. ..-ill au .....,. ot."iDH • • • qpn..riJtr ia , ... Q;icop t:!' .. T~~:~!:~ :~:':·~·;"~-:;::.'."1.~:~ ~:~~~.~~ 5~~~~~i~~f;.i~ ~~~~! ..,~ ;:.~.~~:::r::'~~~~~e;. ~ bt!:~=~==-~·==~~~': :_-~~e ·~~~~:it!: .s:;:- _....,.J'I!II Itt t heir heipt. the · l~tunational" --:;::-:: ::;•.::.~=·:ns:==re=i~ ;:a~T =e.:.. ~t:~ :.::'::~ · ia the==~~=';:.~ l.a .. tlll.r b.,adliM tb ~ ~.. .11 •~ 'f'b.. 1dt:e. nf trpnc to C!'Olltet ruortt1 froal a N~M.I ~t it\ll hk... t bl' kimll'' mutu o f Burrato 011 Autb a ~·~- l\"-'16-t .. tltit on~. that 1he l 11t d ·nat ioi:W 'a polic:,." of " Di\· i· d•-otb 1-'IN ; Saftt ~· 3..ftet"'l'f'8f\ls"' hao.l dollieJ.Jw-rae.\'et'e injuriel! It $ : ;>oa:dn- that ct.~r ot Pol~ ('QI.\M ~'t ~ Mr to jail for her --~-''-= '"* 'ltot ~,. _.pttdd - btea roui.-..1 by tN ~ !::._tile -rlt.r . _ •wt be • btp - •J' !:":';~~...:-;:-;._.~ 1~ =~ 7r::!...~ ~~ lliq it; ..-ll.ida art toa ..__ la •taiod. =::. :U ~ w bl ~ wm wtD • lila been d._ it it t..Wi:r ~ f • i)ly are t.eHlqn.a . _ .9 ,.;..,. ~ ;. lk ......._ ~ los Us.a.t M'ft'-fa.itlttol aerritnr of the masters, tJte Bu«aao En- t.II8L • -u-tMMle.,llloeit-W.C......-; 1M,._ dobrc 'I)WW. It tbat tbe &ocS. a Ddiu,: up the aea' priea.! Ob.. • • • tllil iJ"::Ddf ca. - k . ,. ~I &Ill •'ftl br tlwaooda .. u._,- otbn-ald ueu~~e ; hut .-eban b de-w ,....-r..'l!ar ai!W!:y t. ... ~~~'-lM~ 1itiJe --=-~ ~~ ~ Dold ·...:!::~~iftt!! Jan~~' ~:7wuaaadU.:';:,~:~:,·':.:::.,..:..C::::.;:.:·:-:; _._·.,·u.;... ..-on.;.., ..,t.. ·:-re... • n.....,. .,."*tift-...,..._ .. .,'"'""! ::-:1-.:::=.u::=: =~~ r.la~.:= ~ ::::__,_....,.......... t........._ ...... tltoe Grat WllJ1e ~ _. .-.1 ..a-ity, u. U.. -~ d!aM. ..I.W u. .....&. Jk ..-rare ttl .,_ -~ ..... .-t - - u.-.- ~\lloa.....-~plp-"""""it. --- · • a~wsra o:•raa, alto tthlr•l•• . O...a• '• apnle11~• ~a· Ia ttroar c•trut •hAl t.1a4 ••ptrielflllll pt Jle.-, 1. TN liP ...t ~ _,_tio:al'll.. 'nen Jt . .tun....,..,. little ..-~~one., lllllt ......, tt.t "ft7 libly • _, to.ttw-. t nroi.t. tor drot t .. eapitalln .......,..,_..day tb.e e:a:· p .w ba ~-'- r-Y workiq f"''lllk. ~ • ..-au ..-m .. ~ ., ela.. t. ...,. naou,.-doa tb.t. Witll 114 ,__ .t o. ...,.,..be 1~ toO.. ...t.e. u.r,...., ot· o.e ..-.kiq ,...,.. u ....u ..n. .r lit. tM ,..se. ~ tM t lltir pn!ea, for t.lw-y are - fort~ ioef'M.Wd c>O&t o f livinc t.ll.lap .. 1• 1 ~~~:.~~yt~t =~·~:.,._,llt1• 1 •;tJ' ,_,_,... !k"' Wll1011 d Btrb,..,., CaL h IIJIPMII t ..t O.W tt1'•teld J tll ,ot '"- ldn ~~~ ~~~:::.!•:: ~~b~-;:~;:IMw'::!-:l.':S:'~i ..,.":t.:;tr~~,!'~. ~ t:k paopk" "!"~ •yor ~ W Mea, Hel4od apia.._ laba. JU. ....,aJMu.. d .. ,.... pate lad 111111111Diel ... fall ol f.,~........, 'fit• .. " rMul..~."..-lakkNa't.U.uJpat.,lt ... itJadM•W•ItrfWd. ... 1.. • "O rl..IIIJl d~~o.~ Jobo\1 ~~~ ll\h Mn .... Ill ~hout thfl same rat e. \\~e ha,·en't •CibW ...... body" battle !eldl or ia ore pre-rut" !r- acqairt., •• e4.•ka '' • baa.'• h-Nf'\1 nf l h" Gt" r ntan v.urkmf! ..ta~ ,..)m prodt~ it all. eclebrating , .. ~pat~ lUdai•«Y ol ~ ~ ~oo r.H f11~ \0 ~ t1roar 1roealtlo •'Jf To Joe - . . Belt ua l:o~ bu,, ·iatt automobit .... t.1 110_,. ,.,.,." fmc'll.l ut~nt. Th~ re~ at Monte ohtM.'aat a - ~-1" ere be aWe_til ro tile ..,.,t.de ot Mf'ltal. .bd J"'lt pan Hre [w tbl':lr -.lllat U ·: woman . ~ Ilana.~~.~ ~uit Ap~n~ tow~l~l':r .i:~ •::"'t~!,:'~:~:: ~~=d·:::.:~~~,:~;~~.~:r!~: ~" 1 0111 " 1"1; It i1 lnlffe.tlaa to 0011' tt.e r~alt trt t N "aetid'a Ia tlall rltJ "' IJau~ ~1° ~~~'\:!~/~.he~.,.:o:;t;~a.. tUJ~Ul~ the flt'Otlle t D fw 1ile t -ple ..-bo are doia; ;u ..-orll, de.-e\opmut, ..d r011led deplr ia tbe ttaetr 'ftta"i. wu' to blad tM Ht:ou.d ~~~117,';7: .~;';hrrtl~~:;~:·:, S,:,c \~~ !~~~~:~~~~~} ~\~:~l~n~~l I'Jn;!':~·~,-~~ek:::: =u=:~ ~:~:;~ ~::~= U\n'~ .ud 1 Til E SU PPBHING AMBA BSADOHS. IDt.f'tued t br ~11t r.r for tM- ~pie ..-lao make it, 011 maoy ceat111its of alo..- gwwtll IIJid cry. A.ao.l th~ !lobleri laazbed ot Jt. But ·• Tlw 11. "'"' lh '""·l'"l"'l"l< "'"'' "'!"'11\IOII".ly 'W'.,y.~ 11 In truly dtmoe.n t ie tf•lrlt, ou r o.ld hltad of ltber, Wo0d7 Wilton, 11 •JI· t11tin11: for 1 naiH In !laY t or ••• Ualt...J 8tatMf•M-'ort. Tah tlro.o ••~ Ndor to the f'lllltt of t:arl.. d, l or n 1111plt. Stnaj!rll•l aad ,l•o•l•lt onol ¥"• IDr,-t ryiD iir to wobblf! tbroUJb lift o• 1 r- h ry •17,600,-llalr 0 *OIIl aft'ot.tlaa plcta111 of t ile be.rt bew..S dowa, How 11 11 lllto rolor to IINp la lmw ll " Pfllted wltll h~M~-brtlwla" l id llflAtl 11111 tbfl Uh, 011 • ll ttla PB••r·an te rt lpend llka tt1,&00 t llow It J.a rai 11 • to llrOJterly l fltf:rt.aill tbe A1tora 1111 t ba '\'a..t..hllt1 •ttd t .. tHI of t•fl PJ' 1101111 <1 • ·THOUGHTS OF THE WORKER · 1 ::;;lh::;;in::;;g;;~::;;"'::;;'::;;"'::;;"::;;"::;;h::;;i<::;;O"::;;.,:,,:;;;;;;;;;;;;::;;:;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;=·= ll;"~'i:l~l:.·~~~'·t::: ~:~'!:-::.·:~"!~,' :~-~ ~M~~:-"'-o.,:;"',,r~......! .~~•'• "" Wh••tl ,h,l J... •UIIi Fuhrmnnu 1lo 1111\"thing for tlw work ing claM, , ,-.;,•,·pi t.• l•nlol,• plutilluhnolt.s poppH·u•• k .H III•U I hi10 fricnclshiJI for them It ail e rllildl't' tl of t ile eorit.moa ,_ l ib~ mll!ter~ of tb e wo.rW 111d ahap.. it , tatiOIII ir.aow perlaetly well that It! , . 11 111 pa i~o., 1 tittw • · Jllr, if th• 1011• of tbe toikn rr f...., at(ortliDg · to tbeir OW"II iutcf!lt and 1r! DOt in t~ -~ du. with tiM to ll~; bt for caJiitaliPII, wllo tbe will dl'lift. ~l1matlo111 1111d J>r Qlettallolla li1ber ..-lao publldy 1tate. that .A.ttotlwor rootl rtMOD 0 To ba lUna, It woulch't bl'fl tallta 1 111Ait"1 ot • l7,600 It' • • h u flf~l t• rtlullll :Wiu •:-...,..,.. , tile DtttroW. 11lrl " tU.... hlllr o b~r bJ , • • t.a 1 Urh In iml n!!Trial life t h e real differenee between manual labor 11n d fneu ta llabor ia often th ill, t hat The rcp~n l a ti \'1'11 of t he latte r lake and enjoy what th_t• for me r baa. produced. [n fact. th er e is no clistinl'l li n e of di,·ision bet ween manna! 111111 men t11l l11bo r. W hi le 110me kinds: o f m en t a l la bo r can llf' tlont> wit h a \"e r v tuna II 11moun t of hoclily exe rtion . t ht- re can be no m11nna l la bo r without 19.1ne meniR\ nc·tivit y. :\0 ma n er what a Otlln ia wor king a t, ht' c11n not lteeomplish a nything u.cful.wilhon\ thinking. The "·ork of h ii h a nds ia th e c.xp re~~~~ iou Rnd realization or · a 'though t, eith er a lhou!-!ht o ( his own . or a thou ght of wtnehody ebe. But C\"en if he i'l only executing a not~e r Man'11 li•O!Jghl . he mWit 1M! t hinki n g it 0\'er in order IO execute it ool'l"'O.Iy, a n d the tbou ghtJI implied in ~.:h···n u e.-;.!caeed h1 t ile ..,.,. It • oll ri•bH Ia t ile &lid Btro.t•, tOitrtllod for a r.a· tury by t• ~ 0..111oe.rot Jlf-J:iY· • ::::·~ 11 ~:~~:.::.';::~~," ~uoot ,.lerlala l8'fl1h17, ~!lot'• t t.e on , , . MANUAL AND MENTAL LABOR t h.• · · rri,• wl ~ nf lh~ peo·pul"' umong tht' ~R IJilaH.1t Carlo and the Ri\·kr, }1\I'A••' " r . a"" ••M1d ,.1 tkal 'N l uorl t• 1w.to E YELLOW SLAVE BECQMES THE MASTER ~:::.~ ~;,;;:r~:; ~::~~':'':'n:~.1:~td,.~~~:;'t.r::~t~~o·o:_~::t~!~: 1,., 1.,.r 11 ,.r ll ull'uln h1111• u ny. :l lliug hut l•olit·t• nLtr111' into orde th e r to " '"":' l ;;::;;'::;;"'::;;'::;;"'::;; "':"" :;;; ;;;; ' '::;;d::;; oi::;; u;;;;; g' l 'uwrHtl,-s who ' " "1-!hl tho• l•··•wh ~ r uml w • b..,e. reui,.ed hom tha. O..M nat partr , - 11 ,111' Jh•· ]'nll! wi nn" dnl o.opli rm to 11\'0i~l rdi J>Ons i hilil~· for 0111 tho• llltl r.l,•rl•urul' Th,• tilll!llk..·i.!iiOn In hui"•• ..Jttstit•t' l\row11 Julo ~ h• •l\ ~ .•••II "hul tllf',l' llh'tlll 11 ho•n Tilt' o•npi111 l i~t III'Wl!JIII IU'nl fnr " lukilllt tlh· Jlldw :II'Y .. ut nf J'••lilit•ll. '' Tlwy 11111Mk it 11111 \C' r II .. r Jtl•••·• ll···•lum 1• 1111 tw •.••,]I, •.,J,.,,. l•ut t hc•y 11im pl_1' mcnn k o~· l'ing II JU•III•' wh••ro• ,I nn ""11 '1 t• .w h 111•"111 on do·ctiou i!11y. E1 1·r~ -•u It dlat l-etl,p. pdf"'* tlro.a t lro.o d•'a't ~ :ll:h'.!-:t~~;~OI'~.~ ..~~~~-=~ ,_o;. ~~It";~~:~·~ :•,t.t~~ Wanlall ~~~::~! ''A!:~::~.'-1 ,.:~~~~~::.-:; ~~ j:d-;t~t•,~·:~•:!:n '!:.~e~t·:.~ :ll'riod •hra tbr theory ut •wolutioll - -- - ~J r.•,·! :a: ::~ ':'u.. ofo.l 1 Tln• r· · ·~ u .. tlnn u tik•· n 1-!•·n··rul illl• • tho• lh•Jlt'\1'1 .,f lh•· lllll,l•·r~. t- t1 tOI ••l!•r. t be !Ddi•ld~~al bel•l IDio tile t ile •Drlllac da-. ;:~uy"'~:~er:tt::t iti:.t•:;i«i:tad J,JI~IT", \~ ~'\~~?. ITH~~~ ~ T HA T OLD RED 8 PEC1'1fB A GAll\" I It di-11lt ioa. we eat! It ao. t'llat It woa!l do to.- t ka b1 ~,..._ b•t I!N.t.il d"' •ot mea• aacibiJafonball wa11., tM• to oadtntaad tlwat rlt• -.14 bitter th , ...o !til rut ... aailll ia tha deeoaro~ eba.rit,. ..d t t11ata, 1t u.q a ri: roJ•I to kf.tp t•~lr - I t M tM ..._k et 1:: T il E SI.A\" E 1'1•:1'\ T IIJ-;y 11.-\ 0 LF.FT. 1 ntLJ:RIII t o• tll 1• ••'- ..:. ~~~~~:t!.n~~ '!.-: ::r:l•::::·.o:~ !':;.:;,•;;; ;!.~~~·'': a'Ibt~ ....,_ :fdo~::.!r:.=.~~~.t:: ••"l!~;=-~~:'r~~ ::: ~;'~t':.e-~.: :~~.'~~•-rt•~~:-! 0: !::~1':'; '"* ;~:~·,1 ::~ '.~:~~r~·r';:;:~~~'t;.'i::~, ~~~~:~· ..il~l-~~~·':.1,:~)::::;·,~:,~~~~~~" i';:'':~:~J:~~:~j,',~~ .,r ,•• 11 ·aa~ ~=~ ~~~~;~1~11:1•::~ Jill tl lwd HI tl w '"'l!'lllllin~.: nr t lw llt ril;o·. wh,·n t lw mnyor. lhP polu•c, 1he !don*y i1 tile uniHnallauguage that p..rrnit, without beiag o.-er i11qui1lti.-11 lent Ia maDy c&111!1, ~=~11 11!11 to do 10, Jll•h:•... tlw \'o •WII. Tirtlo·"· 1-: ~p to --.JJ, (:.,uric r . En(juirr r 11nd Commt•N.'ial ew·ryo1111 uoder1u 11ot1. Dut u 111y •• to tbe moral qu•lity of thr mes 111 bec111N! of the ceuultJIO make • II•· j .. tn·;!hl·'·hl:::;,:::,~ll\t~t,t t;,i; l~.,:::::.•··::~~:.',','li~ :1·h;•; ;~~~ j;~~~-ui~~'fl : ~·f; 111 ~~ othe r la 11 ttu•gt, it !tad• luel! rndily tO '""t>loyrll ill '.bi1 tadea.-or. Th~ .contte· ~~~;liu~::. Ll wbat we coli modern Jlltoul<·tl•·•l . Tlh•!l th 1• ro t lu•r loill ('upilnlis iM dr-st•tl••d I hi' 1 , the Ul'ru•lou ot great hlnl• 111 •ella• 11uenru of tbt~ Iff the demona_h~tag of The •~naut, moae1. bu become the I>~•~ inlentiouo, ot rnny lw I mnni .of llurnu M<'iely, tbe brutalil.iag of mr11 aii·J'oO'II'er tul muter, lllld t he " muter 1111,J 11,.. II•'\I~J'III'•'r~ 1·"1-:AIC l \' l i T ill•: LOSS I IF \\" 11 01.1-: I'AG !• j<ly u .... u "11rief, f.nlla · a11ll ..-omea, lhf ~ommt-rdali.ting o f tbe uuillu• hh118t!lf aa d wb1t h ball ill Ill•' . \11\" EII'I'l ~ l '\ t: , f,.!l •m••d 111111 ,- l o tlw •'XI!'Jt l of lo·ltan~~: up lh••tr ul •u••· ,f Jh•· 11troko·r~. und d··muwlillll "\ UBITH t\'1' 10:\ tio" ao ..-el! no lleJ•r.,..wion, bope or 11<'1· 10011 trnder llumau relatio111, aoll tb~ kim to th e 1vvlre of bir .nllow •II•·•· y,.u wrl l " "''' !lwt th••\· d11l not 1•·11 t ilt' 1 Rhout • l'"it. lha r<>u • re hrl J•Ieu in tbi• u~ortuJ>uiou• ..uilldng of hum.11 l i~H !low ca11 we erupe tbi1 Jlf.rtenlollf ,.,.J.,II I IIlllll undo•r 11111.-11 11;. Ill•' II ltnll lot•c u wu rld or outo •·it bout mo ... ey. nd you 11]0011 tlroe. altar ol !be ~roldca e1lf. E\'CII By dolllfC 1way with tbe ee:onomic tyl· WI-: Ill·: 1:-o:T E ili-:STEll I .'\ \\'AS .\ \'1-: lfT I . · muot ... n ~·o•m cl f ;,. or.Jer to .~:r t i~. tbe ml11dJ of tbil..trrD are poiJOned witb tern whieb tndu f:Otllmo<litiet ou t of ~Til l I\ I·: A '\ lltll-:'1' '1' 1\ li T i lE ).1 1·:1'\ B Af'K II \llu.- or hotb rnrn ln•l th oag1 •• the. hut afte r moa t y, 1111d wb e11 tbei r ll 11m1111 bei11111 111d r e.:o11 al~• 110 other 'l'h·· Butful" ~·~·iuli' l tu ko· .. 1•ri• l•· ill til l' fru-1 '"" 11-""r"'l hy muu,.~·. It you ioqai re time eomf:l tor cllooring • \'Ontiou, ololi&at ioD •• bhadiiiJI among n:tt n tb1a ht nk •· '''" ,,r 11 hn1 ,...,.u..·o ll•• J.,. hop 1·1•.,.,. •"Oilllitionll. ~hr_r. tl•r •ortb of • m•n t tbe au swtr rj thrir 1mbilio11 i1 110t d\ree:ted by 1 cub Jtayrn<t•l. It b ~i11lillm ..-bi(b 11 Jl!\.cll In tl!trnt ,ot moner. J, ,J., wiT11 Jl u• l•'tlll~ uf M•lll•• tuo• n l . 11·hio·h w c r~· in tlw I r dffire. to llull tb~ mra111 of ~..tppiag will emt11cip•te r~~anlli11d from tbe tyr· lt i•. tlrorrrfnrr, only na1ural tor mCII tb~ir indi .. idullity 111d gl.-iag it the a1111y of the yrllow rlave. aud e~~tabllrh to ttraia en· r~· nc.,·• io thei r rfl'orta to fallnt ~ible UJ>reuioa, but by the. cbart.cte~, ~~~~ power ud 1oc:bl etll· ar qu>rr moary 111 faot u ~011dit.ioa1 will wilb to m1ke moaf!y, Alld tll~y llrf', ot CielleJ' 11 tbe 1tud11rol of bUIDIII worth, ll u11 mnn,• ~ • " -~~ ~,.:.~.:;~:': 1~1;:'t1::;l:" '~. ::~;i~;~·.~~al~~i:'t!:'"~~:~a=t:: ,,..:i. ~~~~~ buma:,..milld ! ~e~~:.,u;, ; ,•b:ou,::~: lutioDaty pr.,.,.,.. wbit• bepll ftrot oirn• o! t"'n uf ti., in ~~: m111.,, to it• . luu l 11'-.•11 ground. insiPHd or 111_r:1, T!IE I STEUKA'!'~t}SA I, WO I ; L I ~ XO'l' IIA \: 1-~ l ll li \' ~:S I T ~ \"lt'TDIS Tjl :r-:.:.:= ~a:·::~~~~~.,~-=~~: t- d - llot ia tlleir U tllre Mp- 1111111Mr at hadu.t.rilalllllkiM ~~.. tJ.t h...t.."'ta1 pri_.,1f\le at 8Mlall. .,t•e.• ho• the fokft ...o.1 toadi· the Clua Stn.p.kt. A-a.r tMt. lfl tlot p.. '"''"" tH ~...,- _,k,,.._ tie,.. wir.idro ~CrHte<i tbem; l.h~1 ll..,e tU L ,r, W. ••~ tJMo ........, •l..n . t beir pert!Mb ot pwtb o.d d•'fe\op· ~~~~~ 1 · 1 lfAf\J-: OH T JIJ-: " I · I~ 1~ atrib,-ill fwt. tlilt ~l.e.Hft JffUt1 c.j~ -..r\ll,e. • ' -n..t t .. ~ .S\1 .JtiMh!\" ..-ho ..,... IMT\taW... h pieta, ••llopude.t, ~tva Mi•r u.te t o rwon to •lrikM to P'• \WI' ..d., • JJI tkiap are tile prod11clll of otller la t~ Ualtl!d Stat" h 11u ' - &r.•N ad• -~ to &.-p tM .. bt:iac, ¥uoe"a _, wo r king ela. to · • , .. 6nt •-e•t alldtl.u.bt....,.. ... li Jlla't .._.4'-1 &o , . . ~. oBk• ..,. .,.,. ~ .,..Uar ta t.W patt7 ....,.,..U 1M � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-19 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-19 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n046_19130419 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n046 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/767254f0b59d25bd4afc16233d59f6b4.pdf ff1cfdf0e46d58e1ee6e7cee1ab9585b PDF Text Text ·EXTRA!Voi.1-No.45 A DAILY ' TheB.....,_Ialllltwlll ~ ..sued aa a Dally Pa- per, until further -..... Price Two Ccnb FORCE, ·, A _F A.I LURE.; ,M R . . OONNETTE TRICKERY ·I S 'TRIED OFFERS BRIBE Company's l\lloney is Declined �SOCIALIST NEWS OF WESTERN NEW lro."lAGA.U r~. H . Y. A._WAitNlND . BATTISTONI BROS. BOTTLING WORKS• Dealers In Celllornla W .~-ln_e. •I_'~UON IIIJ1nen1111111~ Specl&laU~II\IQil _,,.s#-.tl. (11'eii10 pbooe orden &.Dd prompt deU•erJ. IJIC.-.St, ...II'CitcAGII1J"-Il~:S I PHYSIGAL CULTURE ••ru~~~~~..BJ$.'.1\\'~"o. RESTAURANTS TU."--a --==·~.:=..~" '-f•f-,C~L WHOU WHCATUIAIJ. TO ALL STRIKERS GOOD FOR &Oc out Cut thle Ad and brlna It to the BUFFALO SHOE CO. Seneca and Ellicott Streets �BPBOL\L lfOTIOX. · . , The puiJIIe art\ i.u •·i~ to tbe1e 111..,1. coliUIUUI of the -Bdolo SoeUd:l.ft i11p, whlt b have t•rO\·otd •·uy helpful open for &DJ aOUoe or arUde to all who ha •·e - " attending. beadt t.1ae 8oci&Uit monment wWkilla: ~ We aU: that BRANOll OllE, SUNDAY &qROOL. reach • lrJ a\ leut llltm\b.J' Tbe Sodali•t Sunolay fk bonl of Dtlht tor Ule 'toUcrWtu,- -ek'l ed.iliol:l, Brauch Due meett at W-la od '• tt lat.ft', J)QbUct.t.IOil ct.DDOt be f11.1.nD· Waldeo aad &iley a''"""'"-• e>'ery tMd,.. day ~ttoralug atl0:30. Sud yo1.1r - ANTI - .WAR D·EMONSTR-ATION .. d11!nndcomeyo1.1r~tr. MAY-DAY CELEBRATION I<O>'IOZ. rto lbe O.Omeu eomrade., the ir tricada, G-4 a ll wome• "ade,.: It it• d•lnd to dll thi1 eolamn with •:iewa upoo mattert lllat pertaia partieularly to womea. To tbi1 ead we in •· ltc l'OP· tributioo t oo neb 111hjeda from a ll of you . Your aame will not appear, but th e wo rd ''eontrlbutor'' wi111bow that it hu tu.>.-.o tellti u. Let Ill bu r f ro m B1LAlfOR ntB.BB WILL BOLD Bl!BIE8 OFLEOTUltEB. i l On 81.1nday, April Utb, Mahoney will a Jdreu th e Brant>b 1111 ''8oe ial i1 111 aad ReYo ii.Ltlou.'' Sunday , At•ril fO t::a, Lee F . ll eat>oek w ill l]"'!ak under the IIUJ'il'H of t ile Braoeb on ''S..ie l'rlnelplt>a of SoeiaJ. lt m." April l?itb, Branc h 3 and l'lraneb 1 DOH." F OS TER, l'ret~ CD r. will debate th e tubj e-et, ''R t'l!loh·eol: That Uait~· ~ t ween the Sot'ial i•t Party EVOt.trTION or CONSCIENCE. a a tl Soeiali•t Labor Party is ()e. met • man one day with aw90'!e 11 • illable." , Jl e wuabril!btandhai'JIJindi· 1 ia IJilte or h i1 ml1to r tune. ' II ow LAST S001AL EVENT or THE SEA· &l'tiolent h&l'flell,' I uked him. · ao11,. wu no aceldent,' be roplied, 1'b!! Womt>o'a Club wi U bohl a "'bber ru n Ia our fami ly." Tb l1 todal .a t'ra.nklin lb. ll, !i2 W. Jo:a~le f)omethDe. J tbi11k 1 Utret, &11~•1 trYt'lling, Ajlril 19, J!H:l, wooolen heads ron in f or the beoellt of tb r. Dul'l'alo Sodaliat . ' Wbon a~r~aa •·o t t>a a ti cket A.dmiaioa J~ eent1 ur a buadle of rulr timt' aimply l>f'~&UIO loi1 bera. C..rd1 u d daneing. AII ~Mmbeno and 8f11Ddh.tllt'r voted the ume are "fl.oed to anea d thb 'Mifi:al and · It looh like it , donn't hi tl>f'irfrieads. • DIDIIY tbhllfl we do be<':llllle aaee~try. It yon don 'I belie\'t :RU'BBD 150CIAL. ""'""'-•li. ,,m,,ad bea r &m At kin•oa deli\·er l'o.:h,r tb e awot•iee& or t he Wome11 l leeture oa "The t;l·olutloD Club a lltlbber Soeial will be held 1 ''a~ Atlantie . lilll, 3.57 &t urd•.•· eYea ing, lll'ri! 1\ltb. 0 11 Pnday 1!\'el! llll, Apri l you r olo l rubbeno a lonl!. S o'ciOC'k. Laolie& are r,peeiall:r 10 ,. ol<l ruhbeno · Adml.. ion only tea CCIIII. ad·,.U,-~ 11 . Th e SATURDAY EVENING MAY 3rd ELMWOOD MUSIC HALl PRINCIPAL SPEAKER GEORGE R. KIRKPATRICK -- =--- politic-! and inlll>,tr l,.ll Why. ue ~ ieo, th ey are 11lso taught to ..,ttMlJ'I'IDfllepi>Or &u<l oth e rotit hf Wh at 01·hith a r e ia harrno tiy with NERCHANT TAILOR ;:',~~~i~nl i:,:b:~fe ::.:::~. ~!~~e ~~~~~ 1209 S•••••• .ft,..l. ARTHUR OPLER 962 BROADWAY Dlstrtbutor of ]Obi Rtslltl sba bln:eu and ben lkl Olpr, alto E...a&ll£1dK£111r, &Dt\ 11ow ;11 the 1fi'Otd. of the " """and t lle'ca 1,;1 1 hleo t iea l, et c. f .,.,. .. ~all t he bnacbfl haw\,.,~., t nrhin11 the UO<! IIfi ll, l- ol "Go thoo~and do liluowiw, &<'O DOmk• t o ama t our mind , lfi>O<I "'"''' 1)1!nellt l hr .... •dtil... many yearo, saillinf[ ntor r ~nuito ri~:bt ing (Om radea ue " ""' a lon,.:. We b1l "''"Y obo t aeh•o l <l ""'' th~ Su a•lay ~ h G<• t., ~ln . ®tll.e outb u J•rejudifl'l, in,J ilteu•n re, Brauer, H . Buker; f'. ,n, ro• • in far Th r · J,.,.,,,., Th e 8pl'akt> r•' Clsu will ruMt Ia Ftanklill ll a ll 11~1 Moaoiay r vertlag, 1• i H tb, at e ight o'doc:k. Afte rt be l ln, true tion by Com ra<l., At kiu.o 11 will he a di•~uasion II ]>OD tbe quet· of ''Co·Opo·ra t i•·e StQre:o.' ' . Co m· nul.,. $lora' !.ear,·, t:b111• .1. Ht11 , J r., Hi~hard Smith and J>atrkk O'Rriea will Of NEW YORK CITY won 't olljed if you ou reto }ul\·eao aaOi t!O ftbedat e , at Frnk lia !Jell, S2 WH t AUTHOR OF WAR- OH.AS. ][A'l'TENBEROE& SEWING For tbe infonnatioo of the ••ho pu rcbued ti~ kt!t' ou :t i ma~hi11e for th e llf'ncll l ot 11 i WHAT FOR? S..b lenhr. Pic;:. Nlc;:. plala C11ar Cllpplat• TRY THEM GERMAN LECTURE - BY - • EMIL SEIDEL Former Mayor of Milwaukee MlfNDAY EVE'G, APRIL 14,1913 At 8 O'Clock -AT - �BUFFALO SOCIAUST PUBUSHING COMPANY ~·-.11 Sl w.e..clt5b.t.Jnl6.r ....... TlH ~mt. BUJ'1'ALO,N. V • PRANK IIKKIIHPRISU, 7 ' . - ,..__. tmllt~~.~lnffloof ..,., w.P.C-'B~Ai.QN':'9. ~Prb$I.OOp.r,..,,SOc:.amontb.,paya.,_ l oahuc. =•tt"'r Jo11e It, Ill!~ , at t.be pan o!Bzle a$ · Bllfralo, Ne w York, uude r the Act or Mareh B. 1879 E:aten!d u M'COtld.(:l- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-12 Extra Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Extra Edition Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-12 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n045_19130412extra Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n045 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Force a Failure Trickery is Tried/ Mr. Connette Offers Bribe Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2e03ba9f1ae574f5f3bbc10589ef4235.pdf e7d7df976359dacfd966ce7232718e7c PDF Text Text A •DAILY EXTRA!_ Val.l-No.olS The~ ltoolalletwlll be lnuecl as a Dally Paper, until fllrther not1oe Price Two Cents JIUPPALO, N.Y., APRIL II, "13. _ ~C - ON~£T~E _ f.IEFUS"ES ·yo b- E~:L :W ·ITH' _ u· ~ ·ION .M .EN -0 '-'T. ON STR·IK 'E A CALL TO HIKE I ,-- • ~,.. Oomdlldcll'.) We'll-ke tbt; Sopetll frown, The IJU"ett <'.&r atrlke, ' It make. 111 .Illite, AIOootbewrt~atbBr '• llne; Co111e joia t.be call, N-o ..eanll all, And ' ·"Lyourweh•• i11 li11e. ·J PRESENCE Of MIUTIA Attorney-General I ~ISCIISTS CITilfNS Of State is Asked ;~~::i::~~~.~:.":i:!~:~~~~ To Revoke Charter thflltrike ~ttled Tb.JOw out your C'b"'• We'll make tile ~ODI(I&D1 ti~d; We'UeaqetbeiiiJ*i•, Timttad111l11, Fer eYUJ -~~. · tbey &red. ,,;~~~~:~ th~ir ill ally 10 ai11coe file !&\'Of, •1·1~araa~e ~,.... r.~r-i· of the Cowardice of City Officials and Their Eagerness to Protect International's Profits Forces Otizens to ~~::~~::. ~~~.:;~~~~~~'wOO:';;.~tt:o;:! • Seek Justlce ·Higher Up; Hammond Dodges the the eitia.e 11i 10· arriTe down towa oo 'wedne.day morning the :~!:~:a ":~~~~":~,/;!':h~:~Y'::~,:" Question. �trr n.,d,hl'low t he ]loin tof 'f htr~ nre ah... ~·· mo rt. Jle'IJ>lf tbru juh s anti J>ar t lr l><!<'aoue lllU ~ jfitb who hant )Jom" , in,: 10 wnrk for a fr.,.• d olla r~ ,,.., :: ~~;;c:lG1t~';';,;::~;;~:,~ ::!bout t l o"· waj:e thi otlaol of g irl- it ·j i ll'<'"J•I . ur o fno1gettin~:a j ub & Dd II ~b0 ~IIIIQ O! ~U ]l J>O Tt btue\t .-"F" alou•• • h~ mu st of nf!Cc:~o i l y t o t h<' only mr~11• ~hr J.ONl'IM'I to t oh r inrnu•,. St·W~] .. ]""'"· fU r h U th f lfU<!Itt, ITO >Un i n 11,..in lo•r,.. t•of)>roft1N, th ru.no c p l t o "'hil"h • r~ erN"" tfd all th f bu•i· a r•• "" ' ~ 'l''i "''" nf tb t ]'T..,. l'UI or<l t•T; • a od lo"'"Jfi'TI'.. tlrP-rlua -to~ .•· kl!',l:l it . 51.\lad!~U i t •• •.-l ll}nJ: to n• lminiotrr lnt f'll•·" '""'•n~nh t>tir t ~ the j>llOplr hi'~"O !I!in jl ~"'·akrnl'll to ronditlnno, in o•.!r r t hat '' ]•roftb ' ' 11nd th" Allk bt1f'<l. rhun·b J[Ainlt'. ID <l tl'of"l"lnhl e ~tnf tl'fo who!ll' uthl" nan1o io hu1l nrn m ~n. may •·o 111i1uu· I<> thr ~ol•l<'n a u• bar••··•· i.;•'"''' '•'••f. C<>I.·AI•I••m"'·"•'' •·~••'"+mi'W--Jnt- t. ni no1 a h uut • t OFUt.,' l(alle r~· t Aolol to th at Ju11k11 Dro wo and in a few pi<'tur" of lh<' mi litiawitbtbl'it t inn11o t ie!l t..•ltw an•l >,a•·e •TOOI T•ie of"! r'" ·· f ilii." " ·a"trm> tll ut i n tb i• Jtrolu t. II. J . .-~; NTO~ , Ta!Jolltro Deale r. u:ll t.:ll oo., Olotbl r,.,.. Out out thl• A<! and brlna It to the ,J OII!' KIX~EY , S hOO! l>t•l~ t. CllA8. J>. TU;QNA I .I., Drv g~i•t. Ot:R!'t:H BHOTin:U8, C'Jot bien. During tb11 l!IH! camr-lg11 friends, tbe I:Sn ll · MOo.e,., wue fond of tho Bocla.llt.t., got T,-,fO. frie11dly,i11fact,tbat had 11ono we mlued a goodly of onr platform. We d lda' t lltt.le th lax ' lilre that, for . they 111 th.i robj~t w .. uot ttldo~ ••J!'."'i [,,,.;,,., !l~trim eutal t o tbe Soe.lall.st Bag VietD Beach · ·· Dancing Pl!oilion OPENS MAY 1st . P. SCHORB, MIT· �[_• u "- THE. IITlRIATIONAl - · ·_ · .RAIL WAY COMPAN-Y - . 1 . , sent .,for the _BUSINE_S S MANAGER . · -- .. --···----- -·- Qf··thi-s- paper:.J as njght .fs't__12. o'ciQ_ck " and offered to · pay u·s · · . - . . $147.00 - ~- . -- . .. -·- .. - '7 ;- ··for this page in to..;days issue. :I I . J ' .CANNOT BE BOUGHT i for ·any such purpo~e as the PAN-Y wish to USE it~ .· ~ ' ·c oMI• ~ • WATCH THE BUFFALO SOCIAliST - . . T·OMORROW F_OR -FULL 'DETAILS - ~ -- ~~~~~~~~~==~~~==~ . .f' ~ • ~- ..~ •• -. ~ ' 1 '1 �P'U1IUIKBD wadi.Y 11Y THE .,_,__, . BUFFALO SOCIALIST PIJBUSHING OOMPANY """""-- SlY.&p ..... .WS.. IR.JPPALO.N.Y. ...,..:.!..~.;;.......was....atpbo Prb Sl.fiO •·!· CA~~N~. ,_,_.,SOc 1b: _...., papW. t. ..tn.a ~· lin!, ltaten!JduleCIODd-clut~Da&terJuneb, IU«bepat~al Bll1t'alo, New \ 'cwk, u.derthe Aec.ot liiU"ii:bl, 1879 FRIDAY, APRIL II, t9J3 "MOTHER!NC" THE MOVEMENT That bral't> little rom pauy of thrtt:·.llcOr t' di'IJI&..ConKeiou' who mak .. li JI what i!f k110WD • • th e B uffalo Socialitot Won1en 's b&l' t', in their l>rief 11pKn of Ui!lteuC\', Ill 811 llrganiz.ation taught buJhamiJ Kncl broth<'r.ll nucl .,.om rndcll many thiup. ~ot tlw !f'ast o f th•· thim:11 wh ich th ey hlll't valuf' of ~tOdl!. l r,.IJowahit•· Siuc•· the orgaui~tion Cluh, it hltJI hcc n II cOIIIItHIIt. IIOurcc Of pride 11.11d Buffalo. \\'hilt· t lwir uumlwn are ft• W, Lhcic. en thulfitltim ed. ' l>ll<i with tlu• illliO!Ilitli iJIC phi t:k Jou rn Of th e holy l'o'Orl•l for Soc iuJia~m. th .. ~· hK1'1' not lu•!!it.atc.! to ·tuke upon 1 Wk >~ whil•h mighrwo·11 C.II.UJ.e Wt'll k1•r Kp iri!J! to falt e r. Thl' )~uffalo Socinli11t owc11 jt11 ''cry ~~ xi!ltene e to these eomrndt'll. It Willi thei r euerg~· which raiKt:tl tb e fi1'11l fu nds to hring it into bei n.:. Sim·e t lu~t titllf', thf'~' h~tve Klllltainetl · eeaseletl(l iaiJnr. gh·t:n frt!dy 111111 t• nthuKill~lio · ally . In all · ratl l'!l hiJI, .,_.. ,, l•uw to th c BuiTull'l ~oei11.li~t Wome n'a (:Jub "Mother or n Workiug t.'la u :'llilit a nt .'' En•n aR th e mothen of mrn mllJ rilil' to the heights y.el "t·orlt uot to render the t e nder. t•o mmou-plaee ae n·ire!l ~~ ~~~e,t~i1~11t&~·i~i7~: :~::~: ~~~~:~~~~:~~t·;~~~.'~~~.,. f'':r~:nen • I DEALS TO 11 whir h llOilt' hut womt'n cll ll r t'llf I f' r . Kn owiul! full 1\'1•11 the hrt'ad · \'Bi ur of o•1·ery nickd "cr. ~ol~i~ •::ft.\~~~~·i~n~~·i 1 !hth::s~~:l:,~k a;~~ e,"~~~~~~ ~~~~~eir , th e women hlll'e J1it upon 11 plan hy whic h. Ill JltliCiicAil y ll.O t:xpeDse, th e workf'l"ll ca n be brought tOK~ Ih t' r for a J elightful ,e ,·ening: the trCKIIllr)' of t he HuiTillo Sod11\i!!t ro•p lcnislwd. ttllol th e work of L'< incn· tiou pro1!10ted. . On thr ne u iu g or :\p r il 19. a ~01•ial will IJI' g i\'1'11 tt l th e Sod11 liKl lh•nliiJ IIII rtent, undf'r tlwi r 111111 pif'l'll. Tlw KtlmiK!Iion f ee w ill be,-a !JUtl<~~~~~~~~:.l(!.;,'11 h1:~~~~:~·~~~:~~~:·t~:~~::~~~!~~:;.:~cl~:~:t:11~::;o~;i~~~! rouse l REALIZED ••1 . It 1t J"Jt ul111portant to educate theJ a or ... ~~. ot tbe bope he ~•tertal• of Ilia labor of tb e otber cla11i1 mu..... ot t b., worluna people u It 11 ~to tbe Nal1u.tlo11 of bla life d r - c~ 11aot upact aayt biiiJ "IH but :,::~?;~~~~~~~~~:i~~~~r!t!!\ir~~fe;:~,~~~;'t . I'!'t it br" ciUllie of.vhnmc t o 1111 if tht·i r rnry cffort 01.1 • ~~~:~~r:~~~~~i~~~~:·::;:i.~,~:.;:oJ~::~·=~~~:::;:,~~;i~~;:~:~r:l~~~7~t~~:~~~~;~:~rt. in th e l ~e r thing. 111 well !II in th l• grrnte r ! Why 11houl1l ll Buffalo puhlit· Kl'iiOo l tf'Uchf'r ';o pny Olh•·lltirtl tlw I'll)' of tho• un·rn~t<' wurd.lwde r who mero·l~· I th t" .. ity hnll with his'"""'" pres;·w•;· ! Tlw Knif!l• r'!i (.'O Hsin ito\'o•ntt-J nn llt:mplnu•... - hu't th e w ou ld not 11'\ him tly in it . Tlmt III Mk \I'll" r e"l'r'I'N.I f or II mutt . You ~··t• the !if,... r tlw K11 i~~· r'11 cousin Willi Wt• hun~ ,.,.. to,.,.,. u o•apitnli!il p!ipCr whic h i11 not ~llj:'llgctl. duy i;1 11nti Juy .. ut . in rooling tht" wo rkin g da!iB in trrt·~lll uf t\w mullh•r!i, ;>.;,·wMpnpo:r OWIJt>rK realize tlte ir duM! eli!" muc h hl'l h •r t hnn tht· workin~ mules. Ont•· t•·nth o f tlw mono·y ~1"-''t t hy tht• t:nited S tnt es lut y;·11r ou ~~o· a r . fUl$1, prl'!!l'tll and fnturr. would hii\'C ful, • "'"IHo·do man't igno raa ~e it det••taltle Wctu~ it •bow• that be c11r.d more for hi• J>Oekethok tb111 for hit miatl, more for bio •tonach tb ao t o hi1 bead. . Life ia hu r.dly wurtb li>·ing it. it ~Oil· ""•. lltle~~~pt to real!J.e IOIII«.of our Ideal• of, tbe aboDd..t life beref Dots ll really ll!elll im~ih le 110 to t bape dal coadlliOIIt t bat ' t.be old ma.rlm tlu!ll beeome an actual fart, " To eorery • one bit owaf' ' 1 ., • mlHry, peaury aad dtpdatlou ot bn. Yet aobodr Ia · order ol tlllop, .o fll tbOH wile pro!t ~ba~~~ i~,, we wbo •~ ~'~:~,\~';¥.;;'.,.!~::~.~~~;·:~~~~~~ ~= hi:fb~:~::e u:,~':e;llt:•~r:t~b~: ~~D ~~~qv~~: i;~e I~ null 111 t e tell!- WHAT SHALL IT BE? '' l..o•t'K lwlp tlw ri•·h- thc Jl(){)r eai:l beg.' ' Ca p i!ll l btm i ~ HIWH)'!I hYJorwritieal. The most e hl orofor tu iu~ 11ml rn!thin~: th t·' worke D 11re ' ~u i~e of ''c hnrit,1·. ·· ·· w..Jfnr,.·· or thr lik e. ar.> IIIR!Ikl ~ lnndl· r 11 ... nnm e uf tht• Y. :'11. {'. A., Knd kil liug · un1l.,r th e COI'o•r o f Boy :O:conl ''f>hi''lll ry. '' . ,. ..... w.n, •• at t'-'\ .,.,.w -~bti: -:::::-:: ':.~ tt bttter . tlae4. A~IDf tUt ._._ tM Bo- Party, tor rM.o u .of ilA ow"'bad dHicled to fff!!ll Haywood m. 1 tbe t be cap/lllllll uldeatiJ' tMI tb U WOilld be :~:. ~:;.;~;iou o~ ~h~• id:•l ~· :;~d~/r• ~i~;::·~t~:_o/~~~ ~;;!,t:~, ~::~; ;::~;~ o not.,.,, to rpru·e to •~~umatte n t "-' ~ an 1 t e "" At Pationo11. S . J ,. lut J:"~~· ~.~-::,~r:,~ :.ar:.r: :!.'~ wat atot-1'1 to 10 back lo t ile ,-r lMI, wka; a. I, a J-dlclallaekq kudftl ao. . 1 llaDu deolalo., '-'• "ltoMrable" eoutt Not .o 1" ,...._if. I Piaj. 1a1 tbat tMN .,..... ..~;r - · way to pot dia ....ill •iHt M •f tM way, U... New Jeill!1 jHp .n.t all t lllt . .,. badt lG IL.c C\arlee t. ti- to t.r. "- trielrf Wbl!ll tbe boetn waat to Jd a ~r"u.,_Jeader of tke WCll'lr.i•l ,dalii tllq ~~....•:. •,~~b~/·t~::o.:a 11 ::d.r:it':o.~o:k~ ~:; 1 ,:!,:,;o::~e .!;'~!c:!o:/~,.!~; ;::u':~~e ~~7~~::t to. a •-··-· , , _ 1 :~:•'t ...~~~~~':n;; ::~: ..""~~fr~~t:b: ::,,.o:IMiit~o·::~"i;t:"· ~4 ':_apa~~= ;!.~:v~/:~:~~~~:!. 1 :01 ,~8 ~!' t~rt&iaJ' _.. fro. --rn.-at., · .a_. ~llkl, --~. ~ -~~·• ~· · -' ~··~~~ 11 :e;e~e ·:.~: t~ ~~~~=:-::. e~:~::!.,s::"~.=~: :: ,.., 11111 P:!';;, ••:~';.~ ::'!:~·of~ ~.:'•lo·~;-~lea-="~P~ 1 n. J erse }"eire ••,. o maa. - ·- be retkoal .. wltkollt "q ~ ~- - '""'NCE-JIORE;WE""aRE ' u iN-BAD. ~'----- ·-,...,. Ja.~t attn we kad .ettled dowa to tke -fortable t.eU.a Wt . . u.t bfto111e al•oll ""J*tl ille, 111d bad •o• tb.t approYa! of '-'• Ba.lb.&e E11~ ilrrecallilll Wtttlam D. lliJ''II'oool .,frolll ~job u Nat'-! c-tu-a~ aloaa t'Oml!l FNd D. W~a.-Dil ,-b l a ro,-baek' • • ll11mp ~to t lioe • t""-l n:~lre of witted radicahaml Tbe ~p,_, tvldestlr, kad f _,l1 .._,_. Wt. we wen "re•lly aol111 to make M~J~etbi 111 of til• Soti.allllt Partr, " --.alr.• it anotber prop to rapltalilln, pe rbl pa! You ta• j1111t 1-fl•• tH • " t1'-" ol tile i:.pren, wbu up popa tlle PltbdDJ Edit« of tile Apt-J... witkout a bh11b, tkll t lot Sotillltt llo•emeut 1ft.ll1 10. . . electlaa 111 ou~tlo11al dor-nt.cker, aa-t! t llat tile el«tloa •f BoeiU. I• ai•Pfya 111811111 to 1.11 elld,-ID fact, tbat.. wile• - •1 ,.,....._ ' we XF.AN BE\'OLUTION. .a1 tllat tbe ExprtM ... pal.aed 111d Jliend wo.W be ,.U.r It ~ IDdeed,-ped.•liJ', wllea ' Wai'Ha wut o• tl •1 t.Ut tM ..... .. Ia tk ~~~ ~,_,.;.;,,,, aad tke eeabcatioa of tb.t bleod4lii!Mtl toob •f proof - • 1kall prodaee foe.--.,._ lM. ~­ IHtead oft ~aclq t lioea for t"e - ' - t . IIIII "or11 ol I&IPlnte," Warfta Kt...U1 "pott4 r-.:·~~:~~;';~~~:r:s,;·, ltl!d;~~:~~~~:~;: !'].\~:.,~'~~.:~~~:::~:!.go~·~:~~,:::,~~ of ili-11=~~~~~~~~~~~================================================= ohl p11rtit"' is: ......,. ~:r '~;":o;,.,:b::~~. a:•~;::~::~•.ti;~;,: .:,e;,~~~!.~L ;;t,:!:-'t;s;~::.~ !: =;;:a'!,~ =ro-=~~~ &~:::;;~1111~ :~~;~~~~uco~11 ;~~:~/:,':J :.\~~~ ,:~:r~.~~~;~~r''1~::.•. 11~{ i~'::.:~ng ~:1'!:~~-~~ ~o~':'~i~eoi;li:~~~~r!~~:: :::~;:~! ~i~:ewab7:~el:a::•1 ::.: 1 :: ~~ :::~::.,~~~~~:-al~b:Or i .-eakrn!it.-tahl(·, td l us ; hat th f' So1'i111i~t ))O\'I•nwn t in tho• t~doo11• rrocu• o.t "'uric•nK •n order SM.ety ~ t"e ~ta.a.l aecuarr Tile workl _belonp to th e wo 111 ,. 11 , to .;11 y BACK TO 1665' GO Tim AGILE OOUR~! ·,..,.'!",. ~ .··,•...~~~ .....•m,j~.'.........,·.~•• •..",.'',.--'",'.... ,....·....~~· -u ~~,. ud ~:.~o:= ~~~~~~=le~'t.ben~W::..~~ tllat It ... oaly tM "llot·il..a " aa,4 tlte " tllretl at~ • ••t b..U.- a 11d bere we lad aa • •dk•ce •f M1'eral t-~ u.eria1 ntk "la!a.laaable" •peedt.-1 JI*.I'IOU t• • lfe 11poa 111, frlnO aad Coa*M, for oolT mo-t ttre~~oou etl'orta u.a we wh1 ba~k tke b'-i•p of tk• tapltalleta OpoiiOIIfllllftrilll~ll!l ' THE STRUGGLE ABROAD. ~ We 011 tlli11ide t..be Atlaatlc loolll dilleult lo rw.lin tbe 1......... •tntl - a!:.:!"!.:.:_ t tbat IaJ•:!':~~7o: t::.!.ov':: t~~ r=:-J;:!,.~.!.o:; I milU.. _d-paJ'Iar aemb.-rs aud l!allta l p)WoD.Itely fOIU' Ud -ltall' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-11 Extra Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Extra Edition Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-11 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n045_19130411extra Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n045 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Connette Refuses to Deal with Union Men out on Strike Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/fee75eff89a729bfded00da789e1b13b.pdf ac229ee11f7256fe9e0fcdf13da177bd PDF Text Text A DAILY ' The llufftoJo lloolallstwlll be laaued ..., a Dallr Pa· per, urrtll fllrther notloe Price Two Ca:>ts · T 'R AD.I!S .U.N'· ION ,M ~EN DEMA~D THAT OFFIQE:R$ ·c~.L~ GENERAL STRIKE Soldiers Forced u·oy A"HERO" Of COMPANY KJ United Trades and Into t.he F.it!iht by · ·.:us FATHER ·•s o~ sTRIK-E Labor Council to • CrCralnglnck~~~ thadM~~nWhl~dD!U~~~~Du~:~~L.~~-r-~~-:·-:~-~~-~-~-:-~:-;r-~-}-.:~-~-f-~;:-~-~1---~---..:....-------------~/ Mll;tan~W~~:ill~:p~~~~~:::: o e aster's p, isreg""' Public ; Many Soldiers Mere Schoolboys. ty to Sin1ply to Muit t he whim• of 0!'\E .\IA~-I'resident Ccnnette of t he I nternationa l Ua ilw11y-thc whimpering politician• of tbe Republican. Dtmoerltt 11.nd Bull ~~005~ parti~'ll have l"ll:b.su•ted QVery e ft'o rt to tlrive 2.000 c:ititena o f Buffalo into Mlnery. The-y played their trump card on Wedne~~day n1oming, when about 3,000 men and boya. 'Kellt:ing t he alate uniform11, Jl&id for out of the 11weat and blood c.f the "·orke~. were paraded 11bOut the atreeta, to threaten n111rdcr and fri(l'hlen the worken into anhmi1111ion. \\~e are fond of boutiul( of our· · fr~om''; hu1 a little analy11is will Mho\r Ul !hat we a.re ··fr~·· only to do the maste~· bidding. J udges, elect~d hy corporation eontrihution1 to their campaign funda, are n.:W.Jy. C\"en c!lger , to join in cntahing tbc workcn at the men 1111gge111ion of pouting raJJita lillll. Other jutJgt'll ru11h to the fore with inju nctiotut forbidding the worken to 1'\"Cil T nl ~ t\ they hrl.\'f' a gric,·ance tii;Ain• t tile :)ompous, 1lnt1ting. "P~ t1ml manniki1111 of Del awt~re ,\nmw. who nlll' us ....-ith 11 rod of iron. · · 1 c. K , T 1 !:.~1 ub;• toem:,::~~~.t ~~~;-;.n•;; Union of Carmen to be Crushed For Lack of Hdp in Time of Need. ::·,•~~~h:t ~~~~;~~~~e~!::~:; ~~~::: I AfiiiOrJ'. m. Jatller, llotonau Joho &brei· ~r of O.e Palla IIDe, true to IIi• com· ratln of tbe worki11g da.., i1 oa atrikel At Dllf mioate, whutt'er ulled upou by th fuuical tblnt for blood 011 tH J~atl of tlle IIUUII"n of tbe brat.l, tbo lad nay be nlled opou to •trike the IIM:I to Ill• fathr'a heoorl bl'B· J~X.."'l' TO OOURT-llARTIAL AND lJE.ATU If; HE HEPU BDJ! Tu-11)' IDOIIIiD«, tbe lid 'lfll 11Jr.e11 from Kbool lftd broDg h to Bulf1l0 It I p1rt of COIIIpiiiY K , t4tb R~gi· me11t. Jre~~~ed ill tb" 1111iform o f "• l Ute killr.r. "Wb~ are • ·e helt•ing tho. o:~t•.iuli•U of Ul'illli•m 1r~ l;,•(n~ Ullf'ol &J:ll.lnd c ruab our Urolh<'r• by rerna>n>nJE a t tbeirhrothe ra. .~I:·;f:i~?f:~0:~:?Xfr::~::;:: ~;:~~:~~:~~;~~~:::;~::. :i:~~-~~:~; orj:IO· I I•IIhli~hnl, <l l j•lu~·.-r• Thia i1 the quution orbkb t he an•l all gf tb1 ut luHI ..-ork~ra "" ukinJ;: ono. • oot ho•r laloot oil " largo. 10nl~ Uue.l U\• a-oli·HY I ~;i~i~:~t~:~ ;f;f~: i;~ :~i: i: ; ~ ~ ~; };i~·.~: ~t~\:~/~;~;~:.~ ~; ; ! rnom..ot that i~ IOfOt .,.ou\<1 t~o• ,-1 Ju1 hlr o•·rr ~·I hour•. 1·.•· • ·hkh t im<' tlo<" ~a,,; . I ; ., lwlpiu~: tho- <"llrrn~n •.-in, if t b~ f'i<'~· t ! M io~: • .,..,,t.t loo• foh'"'' t o ~llrt<'l~ol~r . .~i{:~:~~~::~:;j~::;·::I.:.;~;:E.;:·! :::.:~::~:~!.·::~:.~~:.:~:~·:;;:~'§::~::~; It ,. . . i. \l hlt the u" " "AI'I\If't llriDlcrs , the rucq1L1·ra,ot tbiH l!otly. it ot'\'111• •~ry, ""' •·~l'·"'ia ll~· <'l):<'r t o bf'IJ• t h<' •'UPI<'O llk•oi.Y thai 1h1• ::•''"''"' , ,.,.,. n·ol1 t.e .,.,,. . Thl'~' bal'fo n11 "-~ ~<'l •t ionlll1~- l:u<lol 1 •·111\o•ol ~ ~ th~t "'"~ if !h!• • tr•k•• , . not <>l•t>Ortnll:ty to l'l'"~ hn"' all of th<' for•·•·• I"""" t.rfut•• lb<'l< ~- ~~~~- COMMITTEE TELLS MAYOR Of UNION CARMEN'S GRIEVANCES �alTOS OF WESTHIN NEW TT•i>'T·n"'l BROS. BOTTLING WORKS Dealer~; In C."JIIornla W lnea and Uquo" lllJiniJI If llln Itt lnl Rill 8~al ant-at!oa _.,,,s.,,.,...• .r,, a inu to phoue onler.aod proapt d•llnry• . .. c.~ .h. ,~, :Aaltate and subeorii.e ~or the ArDetter·:settuno. The oal7 G-=aD a.-.~per 111 the lUte ouukkl of New Yort Clt7, re.-. •• aeattnr the intei"Ml of l.he Worklur tJtu•. - 60 ee~:~&a for S _,~w,, Offioe, 315-317 Ga..... St..... - . Bufi.Jo, N.Y. BUFFALO SOCIALIST OLUBBINQ OFFERS J!ar~~Tre=I~~~:~QIO:a~W1~~~~=~~~e=~:t':J: eo~:Dbll!atioa ofl'tn:- · . Buf:falo~ooeyW and •AppW to Ra.too" 40 wetb$1.(1) BufbioSoclalist,OGe yur and NatiDaal Sociallst 6mootbs $1.00 BufWo Socialist, ooe year a:rul lokmational Socwat Reritw ooe yeu$1.15 . BufWo Socialist, ODe year aod ComiDr Natioo ooe rear $J.35 Buffalo Soclalist,ooc year ud~ Womaa 6 mooths $1.00 BeDdorder. coBUJI'li',U .O f'OOULIST,U ~nt Eqla&.,B,u.tralo., !f. Y. toral..b.erdettliMtbem with a meuly !!!! Pict11,... F,.-.dt.Onlt#' The mapillrent atend lt ba•·e aow take11 bu ebugod ell 1490 F tllmo... Avenue Wt; IL...OW TUAT TilEY HAVE 3. n. &rrrtt, m•• St.rt Bay View Beach OOOD RED BLOOD IN THEIR I Dll••--'-''-- Dancing Paoilion OPENS MAY let H ENRY F. SCHOBB, JilT· �SocialiSt Pariy News ~J!lcm:aL ~ ot tM Bulfalo lloc:lallat al_,. ·opia m IUJ1 aetict or Utida bfteft Ula 8od.t.lla~ ....-.u ..-orkiq c:1a-.. We uk tllat t-.c11 • b7 a t 1eut. S.tcn!a:r tlal foDowiq WMll:'l IM!.itlOJl, pa\IUe:atllla c:aDD.ot bll ~ n. \.o. ---'-- ·· ,- TII.t (loblic are io..tted, tot~ li.ed· i.11p, •llidl ha'<'e ~..~ TVY lletpful to all..wbo u ,..., I.Jfta aneodiag. BB.UiCB- O!fll., 8tfltl)AT aaB:OOL.. T.be S«ialirt Scatlay & .hoi of ANTI- WAR DEMONSTRATION Bi-a~b 0111! "IIIMtl at l.elt11d 01 Wa ldeu .ad Bal~y 1n·eau~ e"e•:r daymonti111Jitl0:30. ~.Jyonr 4 ~1> a111l C'Ome yoarwlt. MAY-DAY CELEBRATION SATURDAY EVENING MAY 3rd ELMWOOD MUSIC·HALL PRINCIPAL SPEAKER GEORGE R. KIRKPATRICK Of NEW YORK CITY AUTHOR OF WAR- WHAT FOR? GERMAN LECTURE - BY - EMIL SEIDEL YEVE'C, APRILI4, 1913 At 8 O ' Cl o ck -'-AT - Columbia turn Hall 1261-1265 Gene,...e Street \' I �BUFFALO SOCIALIST THE BEST IS GOOD ENOUGH . \\:e are t.oW thlt1101D&la1 il betta' le$l peoplto, ttl •a.-e.ll ~peoplfl. lt i• 1 •_. to be l&tl .W 'llritll. UUle i11 • ._,. I 0....11 aoUi•¥< that lr., tllat it beNov• • • nred by tk IUIIOO.IIt of hid of eft'ort. lt _,.,. t o atrika oot nArrJI@'il ~tood.l nr~ :ttoge':'a~~e:N.i-:;,•lluJ!.ll- PUBUSHr.D'WIIU!K.LT !IT THil BUFFALO SOClAUST PUBIJSHING COMPANY } 1'"'-'""•..,.1 SlY.l!.opSt~ lrd O.. A.Wn.a :~c...~~~=w:-:-- 5lY. ~IooStnd.3tdflocw fo:r tlta ' bl&liM, (OT the beft, for t be • WEEK I THE PASSING ••ier- BUFFALO.N.Y. :::.~T~~ ell l• ~~~~~~~b;·.~~·.:;::l;rb;~:--;!,'::-~ It ia, ho...uu, oalr tlle poor, th •Je of t he iaC'-reue ia profit ud miMI aett.dy perl'eeL II met.lll tl•e b11ad•le, tile C'-Ommo11 r-Jlle • bo are 4iYide~:~cla fl.cnriDgl11to tbe C'-ol!'ttl of tba realizatio11 of 0 11 aboadaat lif•, ae.aWiU! a c!~ of a mt!Hd nroalty, - MTe - kW-GH! ~ at , ......... l thiUadYiJoe<l. Tbtriellare11ever•t1.- rieL - . taliJ, IDOrally, pllraleally ...ro talit:t ae.,.pepe.l'lllllffportiaatl•a~tlloiJ.Pierpelll-llot«aL TUra_.,. _. llled wi t h little:. For them It ia al-)"1 Caa ,_ten u •lty a tlalDJ that '- lallr. •hd lbeabvod.. t nr~,t.be ruli· cx~eptloa to tilt nln •••~• - upwted s.. '" ia operatloa aM •Wdi - :.~Ito;~ a.:~o:-.:~o:=o:t: BUP'PALO, N. Y . :!: ::~:;:. ~~~= ~; ==~-=-~:. : : ; aiJd IliON, . . d IIG ead to tlae &«l'roorerit,. D Dot mealiD.red by tla• abo be ,;oocl. for'-1 ts workil•a peoplt omleeeadltlo11a. '1'\en.fo...,weu.ouot 1111mber of eo11te.atf"d people io tbe HUll· aad for eaela lad iYidual worker I ~ .atldlecl wltb ~~.f,U.I•&; tile betat try. nor by tbe 11umhe r of iuuiHgut Tbe advl~ of &.vaoa, to lliteb :r-r oaly l1 pod: u.oqli l or t be d•ili~ ~lptbaPrice $ I.OO peryu.r, .51kll:z.molltbt. Pf.Y&blclo ad•a.t~a~ . ...2 Entered u M!oe.'Oitd-clulmuter J uue b, Ulll!, at the ~JW'offt.oe 111 ===~"~·~~·~ '··~~~··= ·~ '""~''~·~ ··~''~'~"'~ ' ·~·~··~'~ M= ~ b~B·~'"' ~·'~·~== J>tO!'I•, of uoble-mladed JieDI>I~, of mod·, wa;o11 T H UR >DAV, APRIL IO, 1913 to •, .,..r, 4oa certaialJ uot ~a~~a &ad womau. ':~~~::-be ~ -loti• ill 0 M pitallft .e. .papersladalfed Ia of tM d-.lf •:mpolrorof Amlriea. Watltbecaueol.tlaetlm.. boHfH a darto''•peak lt,.... - . , _ tlae lleira ot llorpa c. .tnla b1111b from •Iiiell t lol eapltalilt"ll.t. . paJI"n UJ!ft-1 t o tel th . _ , , . eni'IUia- ill ol tlle dtadf ' " Certalal,. JIOt! w r-;:~:u:r::i;: aa4 tolaiaa aft~r eotaaura wue'&Uott..d t a aluisla or tbe mulpul•tor wllo; b' r - • Or U.e 10per-do,.alopmut of ==- __ " MOTHERING" THE MOVEMENT A. WORLD BUILDER IS MAN . :~ . lbt ••1o,._ :.::!: i:-~:;-:i ,::~q~:!o:~~~~~~':!!:~ ~~~7: •ab·•ttl- Maa 11 the rreato•. at !111 o'? -.ial to de •-elop llNI polntlal poll'vt of Uael Tllo7 aN all iDt~ted in the ntol' IU produd tloaa aay olltt. fel~ .. . • . -o:or l~, be Ull .m~e II or ~ar >t, laNg. wo rklac people IP to aetuJ powon. m!natlo• of the obao:Jiout o.ocial '!I'Hda Vet, the mOIIl urildlac leahaN of llorJID'a prof'"' .... wltoU.l' lpo rwl. Th11t hrll\"r hill~· ro!npan~· of threc-IICOre ~d~M-;COlli~IOU!I ~on.u:m, t•f1 >tor tarna•h rt; n1ak e 11 • JIINUIIt d , 1 t• take pa.rt ill tba colleeti tU.t poy.oa humaa IU. a11d hum1111 re· Tht featore, w--, "How bo .aOt 1tJa 1tart.'' TbCIII of ua wlto h!"' r11ad c - - ;~~?~.":~k;~;:~ ,:~~e"r' ~~i~~~~~~~:t~~~~c~~~~. l!~~~~oe;~~~;io~ ~~:~h: ~~~i~ ::p~ ..; ' it~e a~:~:::b:it b~~~~r::! ~~ hut!lhllnJs 110d hrothl't"M 1111J corurHtiCII 11\HIIY thmgs. :\ot th e lo.:lllil of tlw thing11 Wlli(•h th ey ha,·e tllllght 111 is the \"&IU<· of KOC i:tl f <•tlow11h ip. ~in eo• the org~niz.ation o~· the W o,nen'• Cluh. >I h11. ~ t_...,.n 11 •·OulltRnl 11011rcc uf p ndc and 11t r e.ngth t o Lo ca l BulfHio. \\"l•tlo' tl l••i r IIIHIIhct"ll ure few. tlu•ir e nthusiasm is unbounded. 1\ml with tlw i r~<l omitHhh• plLil"k L?rn of th e holy \"OW to win ft world for ~(Wilolism. t ii>"Y hn•··· u ot hesllnl<·•l to take upon them se.h·es ts~k:o~ whi('h mi~ht •·n u!lo· wo•ak('r l!piritli _to fuller. Til•· Bufhlu SO<'illlilit owd itM l"t'ry ~<lOJilo•nce to the11e wom e n ~omrad 1 ..,; . It 1\"nli t h e ir <"IH'r~~· whida rlli.'h'ti the fiut fun&i n eeded to laritar.t it int" !win~: . ~~~~~··· thnt tinw . th o·~· hnw• I! UIIlttined it with ceaJil"lo:so; Jul•ur . ~:in· u fr•·• · l~· und ,·nthu~imiti•·ally. In tttlloYing com- wloat be belle\"llt tn be Ill• iut e...,.ta. To be aure, it it 110t tbe lndi'"lduel man tbet nu do tbi•. The illdivldual i1 '"'"~or leu tbe •lue of bi• e ... irou· menu, 111 d only IJ ,.t'..,. fe w miada aequiro: tbe •tl"t'nJ:Ih to ; i-e abo,·e tbe-m. But, wbat tho iG<ih·idu•l lo unable 1., ,[o, the eoll~ctive .., 1 .. ue •r~ompliJh, namrly, to ebange hit JO<'itl uaditloa•, to pdjun- hi• c11•·ironmuto to bio intrr""t8 end dnitH.. Th io rnl.ot<'r1' of the ~oll«th·e ..,, .. \\"onwn"11 Club and hail it , (naolition. b.. maola ,...,.Jl ~~~:~~:::.';· ~~·· 1 J.~~-·~;~i:1 ~o·(\l~'!"~lil~:::·i,~.l~~~ f:\"+·11 It~ tlu· moth••nl of llll"ll a•·~r. ·~~~ ,.,.. 1~ 1 . IIIHY risf· to thf. hcij.!ht s of heroi8111 , ,.,.·,Ja:ataon l'".. abl~. ,\n<l "II are ~~~- ~·:r:~."j111~ 1 ~::~ t~:~~l:·~ ,'::,~· ~::;::\~~-~· i:a~1t1;:::~~~~;~~;\\~:~:;~~~ ~~~~'"~~~: noll· .,1J ~ t~e coa~itloa1 ~;~~:~,:~ecl~~~~~~~o~::lt.!!.~t :~~;,::•b;•K~;y:•~::~:=~~:::•:o~:a~,..0 =1i=::::a!~~~: wo rk improvlag" of -lal h fe, of ltumauboaa tbe atruetuh! aed •upentrvdure of ~K>~:lety, b! Dlllt· 11 1 ~ 11: tb01ir iDdl•iduel force• "d ~eta oPe 11rt11t 1110 '"1!'meat uader tbe ~ 111 1"' 010 JIIileader.lllp of their eommoe •ntere.ta. ,\U fan b••·e nd ou11bt to ba•·o a 'hare In it.-th<! uee<hoeatcd aad the e•lueated, the .poor and tbc •tll·to·!10• . the nllJIIhle and the pro~d, tbe man wath tile hoe ""d the moe wtth tbt pr~a, the d•y labo rer tad tb~ m«hanae, the ~arm baud •Pd. t be •rtln, a:; IIOCial juatiec~ ~ oa 111 HOPomlt' ayatem •blda will ueble tbe i11du•· ttl~at wv rkpn le ..·ery lldd of utt.~ul aeuvl t1 Ia eojoy to tbo full tlio fraato of tkeir labor. 811d1 i1 tbe Sodalill mo•·emut .. It i1 !be awakeeinll of tbe ma•'" or tbe people to ~i al ~~tlf·<'ODII"Iou~lleu. In· _atead of ~ 111 1 u~· lollger tahtfie~ wltb tho 1111.1~\ve J'lfl nf "'" materall in tbe GNIII wPrb -allof> •of hidory. thl!y fome to rear!i: thai they pottPt_ially do nW-flll work ill tllll world. tbe JlDI"])OIIO of the Soeiali•l movemeat oli trueaee. P'!'"'" ~::,:~;·::: ...':~I r::~tt'!:e..~~.:~~w~:: :::;:!':, 10 U:k~b~:o7;~ ~:~ ~;oi~ u1 aot bl.. ota rt d11 riar tllo Cl•ll War wbtoo wo rkilll e1.... boobo ,..,,. rulilat: to tbo traut to Kft abot t.ltber i• defoiUO ot tbe So!ltbttuer 'a eba tUiala•M, or le ,1 eto11M of the Nartllornl!'r "1 dem11.11d for w••••la•·try. lohwpll dlila'1 do • • 7 , ·•r111biaa to tbe frollt" tbll_t 1!11uld -bo DotJftd. Wild MorJn " tba J!ltl la atbro l>lst" dtd ••• to •neak i11t11 tbe "market"' le New Yorio dty alld....-b uy 20,000 CQNDE»Nt::D riflea. Tbe1 were h• aad1 rotto11 ~ndlt1o11 t loat ""ea • go•·or11111eat witll a de llle ted ttC!uury aDd a brokea 11111y would no~ Ull tbe a aftesJ'buyi 11g tla~ 111 • Yo rpn JDt tbem at t3.75 eada, fblpped tlte.m to St. Laale 1nd SOLD THt:ll bade to the •overnmont. TO TIU: ARMY OF Till: WEST, AT t~l! eaell. Uo r«o .. tly l!illlerled t~l lut ti ptr Ill" of tile bl~-moae1 of tll • fOidleN, t brouab bit loyal eourta. So .."1'1111 .ee, thoro ,...e ft'l.tllret or lh. llorpll'• liJe wlti cb are not broaallt. ;;~~~~,:beHre•P;::111•:wl::::;tb)l:· ~~:~~~a;o;:\:.~~~~de:~::~t~::••~ 11°r11:~; . . .. BACK TO 1665, GO T HE AGiLE COURTS! do·ry< to tht l'urty It thoul!tlllll !!CtY i!"t'S •·Heh .I"Cllr-Ker,·ict'll , Drl'l'f!fl to deaptrate me ... urn by the o1111l11l or the emba1tled worla:i11i dllll,. whwl~ non:· 1>111 \I"Om•·ll •·nu n ·nda •r: . . .. . . . h ;, ju~ t u in•ror~ant to edu~•t_e ~~ ~ ny mae ot t~e bope ho ~·~rtainl of the labo r o! 1tho. otbcr fla..e~ we tho 11ckf1t ot tl;e m~l e,. eolled judse• oft en to 10 ~o arNtl~qthl t ll.lll¥1 til• -..---.... _ . Ji.uu ww~t .iulL.wdl . thc Urr~d-\ulue ~f -~ H·.'·~. z.u•·kel ~o. gru d gmgl) n• •~···· or thl" worbug J"'!!I'le u It 11 .. ·to the reahu.Uan ot b11 hf• dream: eaunot upeet 111ytbong el~~e bnt hbul· c11,1talitt• hom fmb5. rTDameiJC.. At Patenoll. !'\". J., Jut wtek, oue ot tl• ~awi11li!!l I DEALS TO BE R~ALIZED ~~~;~',.i';, t~~~;ntl~~~~;·i~:~,~i:·il:l•;;,:,:::~~~~~~~-t:(~~~ ":::!. 'tr~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~t~~~g~f!l!:: ~:. ·~p~o·;:.,~b:: .. ~·~;::~;:;di~u;~,·~~ :~~~:~a:~.~~.;;t.:~!':rtr;-;~::!: !: th•· wonu •u ) !ll'"t• hi t upon u phm h.•· whll"il, ut Jlr~ e twal!y no ~xpc u ac, thr wc>rk 1·r,; ,.,Ill lw hruu~o:l~t _IO!l•·llwr _fo r II ch·hg h tru l e\·eu m g : the ,rcaasur~· of tho• BufTulu Soc•whst n•J•It•m.'l!wd. Rlld tlw work of C!I UCII· t ion pro111ott·• l. (In th•· ,. 1·cninr.t 11 r .\pril 1~1. n S<H"iKI will l.oo• ~o:" i n•n at the- Soci11list Ii <·ltdolunrt rrs. urul··r tJ ... ir nu~pir<'ll . Tfl,. uc\nai~;llion fee will be,-tt )1u 1HJJ,. 11 f ,td rulolwn<. whi 1·h yuu woulol otht·rwi~c throw HWll}"! 'J",·t! !IIi . 1•0 11 ludf·KII"Ukl'nc•l 1111, •..,\o-Soo·inlisl.'<. who think to r ouKe 11 111111 , 11 11110"t ,. 1111110 t ruu~ o · \"our nw 11 wif(•; who honst of spr1·ftdiug Soo·iuh~u·, ll'"fo>~~ 11 L"Ont uwnt .· n tad w ill not _ 1-.,11 rs,.Jf ••Jtto•tul it w·ru 611 a .,.ltkfn~l·tulalo·. t d! us whnt th•· Sw·iaalist )l on•u wnt in Buffalo would 1111101111 1 t o Wt!lwut tilt" in~:•·uuit.\" of th1· wu11wll. to ;.;uy nothin~ of tl wtr <"OIIfiiJ.!"<" nntl st .. ndfHiit pur]'O!!I'~ L..t it 1, . n o·nust· of 11 hnm<' to 1110 if t!JI'ir a·n·ry riTort on \wlndf of f'ufi~+lisw 1,., 1,.. 1 mct with ,.;m·h 11 ,.;tnrm 1,f r:rntcful gro•l't inlo!" us will I"Hrn· th,·m t u 111 ,. lll ·i~othls nf pl+•nsurnhlo• prido•. Mid rlwrr tlwm 011 to lui. 1 ,, 11 ,. 1 !J,. . rni tul. more fW" bio ot<>IIUifb tb1111 fo r hit head. Life i1 budly ""ortb liviniJ if il nn· t iot• at 11othiog but brtad t•aroieg a11d moary ge ttin11 1nol wonyiuw: •bout tbe JoO! •ibi lity <lf !... Jng one "• job. Yet to mi_llion• of ]'f!ople life io lillie more tban th!f lt'diouo proeeM of working In ordrr to tAt and enting In _or<l~r to ... orll. _n ut u tbey eannot hw without an tdral of • better l~te .... hicb oball be tba fulfllluaen ~ o~ lato • l'~r1~•e1 tb.-,. ~...-k th~ reii>ZIIt>OD of thai tdeal be· . ~~~~~·~· ~:::~~~i.::/ ,.1;"'/~'.~ 1 ';,~::~~:~:: :::~~:;~h:::~;::~··:,. 1:.,1'~1 ;:.r.'-~;.··~;:~:r~:~~ ·~;.';: . h:~: ~~ h.~~.:::i~ ~~~:. :·:.·: : ~: :;· ·:.: . 1 ..:'. : \\aa u lol II<>\ ... 1.-t Ia aan 11.'· 111 11 Tlwt l:o~l• .. •. ru 1.tHu• ·- lmt tl1,.. •·m 1wror II" H.<; rt•"o·rv,·d for 11 working ::: :::J~br ~: !:::t::,~:·:;; :,~,~~~~ ~:d~:.:::! ~::~::!~?:·"":O:·e::. !~,:· ~~-~-;t;r~r~:,t~ :e"':O: :!~'~';'t~:! ""<'li·to·olo mae"• i ~;,.oraP~t i1 de- a"nempl to rea!Lu aGDU! of ovr ideall mltery, ptaury ud deaiad•tiou oa tbe L•rKiou. "ptHedeata," it ... ate_,,. to 10 batla: to tiM year ) ~ 1 "lo.u, I ~ t u 1 a lll~ be~au~e it ohn•u tbal be fared o f the abu~Jduat life btref Dott< it otbe•. tbe r~l&a ot Ki•r Cbtrle. l , • j11dit'ial la ~ Ja:er Llaaded dow" • el.. llar dotitioll. mo rf for bio ~k~ thok tbau for bi1 rt'1111 sum lmpou.ible 110 to 1hapo .oYet nobody it ltOiDjl to (h,lllgt tb it Oid tilla t Nq tile "l!oaorable" - r u Not 10 7011 tould aotlea It! f"lad- r:;~;·;·~~··;!..:~~'r/l~i~:~/::~ ~:.~.~:t~~.:~~~;"t';;:: (~rr;.',:'r~;Tpn•ciution lind " uppo rt. ~~~:_;~~':_"~t-~itb tn MF•rt,·e . ' fiat ron dltiona tblt t be old IIIII:Jim tb•ll i>t'eome ID aetual t.rt, "'To overy one bit vw11f" If e~~eb of • • tefelve~ that wbieh it hi• by ' ·irtuo ot bit own ettful labor ••~h will bll"e 1mple mean• til li\"1! tho 1buadaat life wbifh ie tbe ideal of •II. t;o~ifty JIOU'"l'HI tbo mNna no«~~ary for th e fomplet e J11ltit!ution or th l~w:itinaate Dttd• I Ud <lt~ir"" of iwt ry one of it• m~~beit, 110 •• , to cna~le t'"':'J"one to "")0! llf~ ~~d find ra eh tCW"ard~ for all ba.& IM.a.- ahf"O. But, fll ;:"::.. ardt:r ot tlliag-, ao admirable i11 t be <!.1" of tfl""'" wllo pmllt h1 it, IIPinA Wo ebaege it, wo wbo are tulft.rilllt from iu ialqDilie. aod bratalitir._ And wo (1111 tlo tlllt If we lotra t o m.-Ja:e oar O:OII!moa lntt' reeh tbe le•dinr moth·o a ad lare eth·e or all oor aetiou.. T be "·o rld helo"IP to tbe ~e~r~e1if 11nd to the ovite, to tbofl! who dare ia•lll opan tbe ir rirbt to a ~tteat lh"· Ju.K a11d are will~"lr to .Jight tur i~. \\ hate•·er lu11111n ul'eolo ."e to be re•h· ud tb.l.y ID UII La!: ~11h1ed by hum~11 '!u~:~~~:~~~,·~,7;e.;!~:• to:,.~:::: ~;o;:/:;~[:t::;:r:',:~" by _mniu wit~· · • 11 • of ju~l i•·'"· an•l a n>ra~>• . ~.\·~ Jl~NE, WE AR f.; I ' I S 8~0.'! ·---· -- -- .l oti ;ftn we lli<IIM!III ed dow" to tbo t'OIIItoru.ble teella1 tbat wt ~HA"t:" ~~A~L IT_BE? . I~i,:n;::~:·:::~;::L:. ~::.::~~~.:::~:~":.':1i: I~~~: ~~~~:·u:a::e :fr::: :~:02:: 1;~ I~~:P~:~!f ~::.:=:~~:~~~o~:;;:;!~! •t t>'t' Jn 11 thlt tbere - • OlliJ" ooe _,. to JIUt tho ! &bial! miaer ouf of tbo way, til• New .terwJ jadlfl! w~t all the way bacia: to Klac Cb rlN' time to 111n tllo triekt Wbe ll tlto boue. waut to &eta lljllttiar"leader or tho •orlo.lal ela,. tbq rflllrt l<l .,.. 111 devloue mtane. Tbi1 attaela:" ~auld uot be bette r timed. A:nllmius t bu ~aaH tlat Soflali1t !'arty. fo r Na..:a.,. of Ju owe, )11111 d..:ldecl to ...fa ll Ha,..ood fr41m o!Jie• baek to tbe rlllkl. thl' dJI\talitt• l!\"loie.11 tly 1•nmed tbat tbl• wo1ld bl a LrM4 time to 1lrih! · Let them 11ot 1~1 too oenro lu tbalr tlauou• t'na11i111! Notlol . . could clfec th •ely dote uJ." thf rlllkt Jp the wo rki•l eiu1 n>01'eiDCal a. 11n a ttaela: of" thi• eharutrr UI>OJI a miliuat worlalua elaaa Leadt r, wblelle1'tr wlar or ~lte pany be m1 y 1orefer. Sofialitll are uot of tile tlriJIII to Jllll tatt!&oa lbo"e pnadple. Tb e Jl',..... 1 judJ[e u11,- bll rl!tkoailllt wltbout blf 1t011t. of hnmau l H.•· bdpang o.tl:"'" to eDJ>OY latr. be ll'Y' j tb e grul •·orla: of th <e world. . ~ ill~ ~;M)r:':ai~::K~~,-~~~:1 6.1 ';,:;:.::11 r;:; ~~ ~~r::- 1x:~,:::1 ~~~=~t~== :!r:::::~~:~r.~~~·~;~:~~~~~~~:i:~%;~~;~i··~~:r~:;~:;,~17.;~ it eaothl'r t•rOjl ·,o n)•hal!om. j"otrb.DJII! \"011 UIJ jnft h••#lae tbe ke•o d,.._ ... . ".';:::.:· ,.·.'". .' : .· ~·.~~.~:::::·.:. :.: ": ·. ,:·;:· ,: . ·: : ·'·. ,,,,,,,:::~·;~;. ~::.·~.:. :;·:~. ·.:~. ·.~:::;:j~;~~:i}:~:.~f:.;~;~::[!f~}~£~:1· ~~::~:~;l::i:::,~;fi:s:;,~j;~ ::E::E:::~.~::,~~~:;:E~~.~;~:.·~:£;,ei:·~:.:;;;;.;:::;~::.::fE?. •ro•• o·lll-!11 ~-tl"'l. ,J u ~· 111 u1aol <Iii~ :•1 1! . 111 fn,llllr.t th•· 1\"f>r_klllr,.t t•l_uss 111 tl."· Ill· ; 11 va~w of th•· mRt~riat and motll l mental pbra..e, but an inuanhle fut. the d""tinil"•. 0 ; bnm•u """lety, or are 111 o!O~· bokltu ." ~•mr~.'·. 1 m_ee.n• t_o an ead,-lu rut. th at. wloe 11 we ...,. h·n'1it~ ,f th• · wu~l•·r~ \o·\\~l'_liJ""r owc.,.rli rl'llh7.t' tlwu· c\a.'ls tutl•r· ana ... ry a t..u ut him. He muat r~el, e•·tn or co11 rw. we bn·e ia mied t he t'h·i- ~l you .. , ;,;-fleol with boiag 111 intigaill· lutloo, • ·e lU.A=-- 11 .t.\OLLiTIO~. . . . ell! >I Ill til" II l•..tlo·r thllll th•· \\t>rkttaC naui•·S. if be ha • ao ]'tl"lonal ron>pbiu t to ! lizl""ll mae wlao dOI'I not li•·e but to ~anii>Ottioll of lh~ mtt erill ~by t be To M1 tbat tho }..sptta """ lllliPed llld rtie•ed would bot ptltllll( It •UT 11 t)no ·· t<·nth ,f tla• • nn•:, 8tRII'!1 Go•·r r nment :.::;; :f ln llt •·•·nr 111 1 wur . p:t.•l . pr1..;,. 111 11111 J futllr(•. wnuld hH\"1' prl'\"tlllffl tJ 1e dt>pcndcnt ou bim. 1 ,t 11 ty tn ..·ard bit Lih ;1 more lhllll morely a nntg;le for ucape th i• altornati•·e, for tbe world •luehon, wllfre.wlth tb~ JODI of mea. Jblll prodnce for tilem~el•n tbe aoteult•• I!Oo~l ~ tlh· .\lioldlt• Wo•st. .But til•" •·•.•pitJl.list Jrl)~"o•rnllll'lll thinks IN~> fortmaat e f~Liow111eu. Lrud . . . it h tor tile b rute. Wa wilnot •Iliad 1till OD your acfOIIIIt. llld ~; ~~;~~=-e~~!•:e;,.1 "t~~a~.~~;r::u;:::l~t~t;:,'• •1~~. ~= 111 "; '::;ir "'J>Oile4 11 ~"m"r.•· ,1~-.lru.l:l•· t•: J>l"<>h.,·t ./ 1_. )lor~"u H loontls. 1 h.~ motto of the fun'" 11 '' Jaot riotlam ''! So wonder tbo Esprl!llll dl•.-i•• of the ~lall11 i'lrtT :;.:~uil•"<i !''"':·ni old J>l.l ttl...... . ::·~:iR '!:~~~·~.~~~.: ~~~~~.:; ~;r,f::: ~ .:~;;~:·~·!,..,~:~~:t 0~0 ~~:·t'~::d:o!~~! ~~:;~ .,;~rRiloe~;:.:n:::::~~8 ;~., ~11~~;~~tii:!:•;·:;;'::~.'"~ll~~=e':::~e;a;r::' t~~" ~:::::.:::a ,:~:·.,~:; 1 11 11 1 u: ~.· : . J.,·t ~ h··l p tlu · t·:··~>-t l~t• poo r o'llll J.,.g: . :;t~~~;"::~:lli•b:tll~tt:~ ::,.~~:;~~.~~:o;::::;:-!:~·:heT~dt.=:::-~ti~a"~ THE DOCTRINE OF ENVY • ( npunh-.m 1 .~ nlw11.1"" laypo,·rttlcul. Till' mos:t .rlnrm~ !!clll·nte;l of \\e bll"e met iu ~>u r lim~t all kin<II Jor t he r-pla wbo have ltad • eho~Jee Wen~ apiutl tbeao thing3; we bl\"e b t• "" who rn.lly mee.ut b 11 ai 11- 1111 tt hero we flad ae audleueo of Mveral tbou· t·l•l.u rofun~~~~~~ •.u "l .. n~~·lo.nlj.! ~h;, work("rs _nrt· l'll m~<l out un rl; r t_he of m.tntal criJ•Pitta.. but tb ~ ieah...,ile ~- b~, ~ ADd ".oed it, aDd tho11 take :-a \11•·oatory ,.,· ioter~~~~;tio111l mo•·cm.f.al of million ,.. 1" 1 Jlt"'ple wildly ehKti 11g 111ell •• hu'lammab\e'' tpeeebe.l ~llllii' of t·lmrll~ . 11df•u•· or .tho• h~c . Thetr ~c~h-h!'lcherte!l Ri~llt all. cau oet~. oue to wuade ~ 1f '.' v t h11 "":a mental acqaar~meat•, be of worker~ or htawG aed brai a--oomt Alula:aday, bot parlou• timu .are apoa ..,; frit!ll'l• ted Comrade.. for on lr urr mnsko·d uuolt•r l!a ,• IIIJIIH' of tho• ·'. :\I.~- · .,\ .• Hllll klllt lll!" 19 111ught '"'Ill o.•·rr l~e J'OS~liAO to . get .•• >lll<"lh· woahl rralue t~e d~artb thereo f. of tb~ wo rld'• grtlttsl OIUbor., nti•t•, by the moll 1 unuoa1 d'ottt fill we wia batla: tbe bl.,..illp of t.lae upltalla• un•l t· r tlw , ..,,.,.r nf Bu:· Scout ··o·ln\"1\iry. . ~hn~ ~::aa;II:O .~:knt~;~~: . .·;..:::t '::o~ 1 0.,;b:ft~u:: ~~~.~~~==~~~~~~.": ~:.:::!: :~:~ ~;;:~y ::'::~:~:·~o!~Deb:~~ b-:,~~ J>li>r tt upn11 oar tulrerinct C.n_M_'- - - - Tlairty y(•UIIj.! wulll('ll or u So·rnntou. l'n .• s ubu rb Rrf' nppealiug eialitm tbt one Jlllrrote-d aayi ng, "Oh. \\"t' mRk~ 110 ,..ar 11pon indh·idu11~. but a· I(OO<lly amoun t of I hie wot lol'• goo<b, • :,111:~~~~!111t~r(!:~~··7:;~~-~~~~~~~~~II~O;;~~~·, w~~! 1 ,1;~~~~~)~~~ ~~:~~ ~~~~e~~~·;:~~~~ ~:.:~~~~~:111 1;;: ,t:~:::;l::~..,.~f~:::l ~~~~~::-·:·~~~~r;:a:oe:n!:;'~111~::.,.::~~ ~~:,,~::",~::li:! ':e:ac,o::ltf. ~~~~~ th;~~~~~~~~~~o;~eu~~~?~~~: Wt oa tb;. •ide the i,_eadaat ttruJlllml ftaro•\"o·rmor•· . W•• ~nppOIINI thnt oulr the wiL·kl'tl Socialists thought ~·au bl\"t'. " H e ~Alit tllat 1111 unllliW~r· ellfo, with only one eb1nee ie 1 millioa oton e t o tbe wa1 ~ill d au ud ban 111 • gle that i1 11oiur on in f:wope ~tw~n tile forefl or u•olatlo a and tbo for.e~ th•·r• • i~ ~ 01111 . Jo<:uh- in this t·omll r\' who tiOl'.'lrt"t hll\"e ll goOd home ! I<MI! u~:umealt 11111, it your t lnmac b to heeomo the ki11•l of men ID d ,..0111ell toh·ed to tnd it. ;rhi• it 1101 the doe· of the mat~er dua. I n Cf!rm1n1, tor eumple, l be Soclalbt Party O\llrtbot,... .. · · o::aa t laed it whi le you Iitteii, will go 11oture inteaolod tb~m to bfo. Wo are trin e "\lt uvy. btate . or jealou•Y· It l. fu.lly • rallllo a dun·.-yiar mem~rt 111d cute approslmetel,. ro. r tnd oot·Lial f -- " CAPITALIZING THE DEATH-RATTLE :~.. "·~m~,,~at~e~:::~~;r srr;t m :~;::t :~1 ~:!.m:; ::::.~.a~e~::..e~;; tb~t~'. 'er~~ •b•:1• :ju8tiee.. ~~~o::~~o~,...o!:•·m~:: ~~~~0 :,~~·::~ 1 :;oo~;:1'~o~m1 ~~. :;:..:~:D'7."~i.1::: eXtll~~~:;:~"l;;:::yh~~~~;ij,t"~. !:i:·ir:t"o~;.~::~~~~~ ..fot~tl~~~~c~;~;:~l }l~~:~p~eerJ~~ ~...:~~~~~~ ;:~~:!i~u:lc:l:;·e::;· ::::rni~~ ::~. f::t •t•b1~1~,~!~b~ol~~:.:;;, ~~~~ ':~ it• r:uk• ~:;•,b:o~~i•·i~·...~• ::.:c~o 1: ~:~~:~~~~~; ::~~~:~~::":e:!r!~:~;~t~o e::!~"'~;.,r-:r;; =~: :~·~:.eo,~: 1 lad••rt ui,•k••l. \\"f> 'lll'hl·•l from th <' tro·mhling ting••ni of tho11e afar down th e pnth co tho· \'u!l o·y of th (! Sha•low of IJ••nlh is nou c th e I ell! n•cet t o tlw profit-m_O IIIo!" N"!I 011 !hilt aeeount . \\"!mt if 11 t!Ot'.~> mcam zuhh;·d prinHions to those al r elu)y sorepr•'!ISN!f Whnt if it dO('!! m c ttn the (IN""<:ious hrend and th e hlet~~~ed milk. to rn f rtllll thl· lip~ o r the !lltfTI'ringf Whul if it does m ell n :~c~.!~ :~~t!::('JJJ~'h~·lt~f~ ::;~~mp11ni es. r('gimcnts nml hrigadesf berited a f fl w dollart, or bu "mind mnne1. '' Thii mala:u blm tbinla: tbi.t f•·rr.-·hodJ· "h .. an "'IIIII .t bAllee." wbit~ ir bf would !Ike a look " 10mo - .. ----- ll ow aro y~,;oin~ to fou•·iul'tl peb1>Le tllat Soeithfm makl!"ll for a biJher form of ci•·iliz.ation and for • nobler kied ot m:oD boo<l th111 tbe au r•Be of todayf Tbere i• bnt oee elfec:th·o m•t~od to do thi1, 1111<1 tbllt i1 your uample. I'"re.etl ce a~ far u po~~~ible lbe bnmAnitariiD Jlrilllipll!l jOu prof -, practiee tlltm in yo11r d•ily llltfr· 10011rM wil la your fellow IDCP. Yoo etJI· 1101 we.U afford aimpl,. to ....It for th e m~:e1~11 ~~;,.•~:·.•;;::.' t~'i'~~./~~~:':r~:.1;;'. ~~~~~;~i~~:IT:J~ t~ :'~·~ho'~ann!~ ::w:h~m~o ;::~,!".~11 p:~:: ::t ;~:: - ~~~~~~-~:xl:ll\ 1 ~~:~:~ul~'\';.,:·~~~~:.h~hi:;';'"~~~~t~ed~~-~~dl~ a:ute~c~~~~~ :::~~: :r~:: ~~o 0~';~~~· ;~~ ';':~ nti~11 :\nu~· ·~ • · frH- ·· ("hri~tnuts I! inner. . s imply ad\"ertisin$ t h e bu!is aro wonb,. to b. doe piopec.-; tru\~- disco\·~red whi~h • bater of mrD. wh>rh -w uald be vory- who lt,.be~ o'"er tho Gtr.,..ll papen aad wri!H tl!.e "Berli11 eorre~poDdeaeo,''" II'JIIIreut to ao r oppoDentJ it t\oe1 took who lot tbe eat out of the boll• lew d1y1 1(0. '"lllficat time 111 atady our literatul"f' II•P I- " tltat oraly by tb e atmoet vllilaiJ .~ 11.11d tile 111011t •rropat uerd.w latelligootly. of power It tho KtiHr bept 1111 bit to·tt.ulq tltr..-e. ill additioa to tlae ela l lIP( arrny.""1.b• K1iwr deptadt upon tile eo-ea!J.ed •rmllitary orpaiu.tio!IJ," ,;.,; .. g of fS·IIOidiera to tb a Dlllllber of •!A-00,000 to k~p tho wvrklar , ...... ID- eo•· THOUGHTS OF TH ~ WORKER Does A •·•·o rtl i n~-t to tlaa· I'KI'it:tlillt u e w.<; pnpc n&. _who hid c.the. nake;d 1n11h l'l.li \> 1 ·~1 tb; ·~· _c1111. l c~t 1111 onlrnr:L'<i workmg claS--'1 r1se m th eir mir:ht '""' WI'• ··· I; 1111 n·nr:enre 011 th eM• \"UJtUres. "Jl. s~·ndica l e hilS J,M·II f<>r uwd for tlw purpo'<o' _of bi~yillr.t 111' the rir:hts !o. th e.aerum f~r t he tr•'ll lnu·ut of tnlwr•• ulo ;n&. d!MCO\"e rc d by D r . F n ell man. I t IS J•rOJ•I'"''''I to ;::h··· f r•·•• tr .. nlnll'ut to those who eanuot afford lo pay for it~. , . . .. . • An d thu~ tla a· ~:houl~ <>f f'II (H111hsm wonltl Indo lh ~ l.r Pll'l~IC., _al .~ ~liUill ''.1\",11 11 1~ IIIIIISUHIIy hKiil', und1•r the hypoc.r1bea l cloak of chat!\~ . . . . . • ... Th .. wor kun! ••l11 knows what 11 111C811S. tlu., g h utly JOk~ ~~out taken oat or the hreiap or men, wome ll and ebil<hen by m~n• ot nonltt f>lltl wagro, rout, inte~at aud profic., 1 11 lfp.li~ robbe.ry. 1 :::w ~~ ,.::~'0':.,.,'":_~e;;~ct" (apable of l"oduting !Urplut 1'1lue, tool• without cbaraete r, witbout 1 will of tbe ir owa, witbout tbe •mbllioa of ~i•·iDg tbeir nit tcu..-e a blgher melD· lug. ' Thill il tll.e mo1t i111pcrrtont womaD '• qul!"lltioa toiley: wbat will botome ot "'1 chll d~e uDder ce.pltaliat rulef Jo tbie gil!IDtie. amitby of our p..-at world, will thr 1 bo llo\"il or blmiDI!t, ••d tb•t tbere e~n bt 110 hiaber ;.,. tul!"llt Cor tbe bumau· heiua u11 tii bit lowrr lleedt are utielled. Tbl1 u tile rDtM of povr~,- tbat It • tifl e. tbo lm· bitleu for bl11b~r tbiup iu life •ad tOtllpel• it• 1'1etima to co11eeD t rale all tbeir tbong~u add eaergie. npoa tile meauo to rrorure bre.d. • • • Tbl.. ~~ t;e •:e or .~ . J oy " tbo purpote of ei~illlecl lt11mta i:~~~ p:~:;:raf~:l':;~,,;:lil~C~c~:~:. 11111d e e\"et·y American city a :or Aln-,ady. patf'nt m•oclidtte fn""kiTllo are ratt e ning by th e score upon tbt- (jUi,·e:rin< bodies of th u e hundreds of thousands of h elpleu gup.. inl! c:-r~~o~lurM. agrra,•a tinr: thrir ~oni es a tboU41Uld fold \l"ith their /brac~~-t'Dd Uf til tru 11 • . ' rigbtoODinrw ud =~ . . . Tile J"'l~ or rational ~afllliOII h ·~u~tin: l!i r~n HOng: •· A e url'. a e u~,-pay . pay, pay !" The dread th~ de\"dOf111eat ~.the e11ltt~~ lt11m.. bertie f aC1'1 o f th e detpai riuJ:" J;; t!f' l o u eye!l in e ve.rv path and by-1\·ay. be• or , u.ot tile tn.uuag af lilll'et aDd We kuo.- that there U: no hor>e for h em. ~:~a "l"e iti tbe overthrow of mutt-ra.. of nb~ 11114· rulen, of w'" eapitalilm . and .,.et we le t r1ret:iom U "!I J)II.S., h ..\- without spurring our 1'1lllla ud klnla. 1 et eapltaliJm l o-b · - !t-llo•·· •·orlu~n to unite; we •·a.~~t e ou gold e n momenta when with ou r to ll.lldo eve11 t.be little tb..tt moilerll friwd• iu bootlf'81 gou.ip of this 111 that . whe n the only mHMge l!l!ucatioo ,~au ~~~ to... rd m•ki•• tolll· wortb w·hilt iJ .till t o aoml! 01183 i11. 'Work t' rs of the wor ld unitf'. plete -moa •1111 woJHO nt. oT l'ou !"odei:fl~ll~!:~!ti:,:.u!.~~;~i~~ ~~· ;;. very ups that j t ma.rapitaliu th e it bu .robbf:4 o1 health. ! dying teetb the =-- ~;~:,a4e::;r:~~;:. CBE.A.P JUICE VS. FRJo.!EDO:M. ;:-::~,. ~~~ ~r;ere 1:-:.-:: ~e~r em':~~~ At In 1 row wti~ 1 rinl ftrm of gum~ ;on~:D~p ~~~;::::o::t ~~er.o-::a·t~·;~;: 1 ; 1 ~"'... t1lr:--=t .:~:;; F ri"< ln uw h:t! ll lienun w ill "':;o tbe trouble of ur.ni ng tbeir owD living • h.,. band.i t.•. W. J. Baru aid: Pri•till ~ awful 5r'OIII1t e . we know u o t; but we do not cialltm Is aot mere\,y • new •.l'•lem at b,. u~efui produch.-o Iabarr ~te detedl\n are about t be lowell lnd .he~>itate t o uy that tlw •·apit nliution of hill elaims o lfer11 another eeooomln aDcl politi"" bat abo..-e aU . • • • ' 11 "'~ tlllla:n tbot blot .tlae faee of tile plde n OJ1J1'0!"tunity to ~<IIII'I"'ZI' ~ti ll furthi' r th e wr('tched" ' ' it;,tims o.f 11 lltll' piiUOIOpll,. of li,fe wb l~b mala:~!"~ Tbi.t i• one of the gtell c~i~t e~m- ea~ ,, Tfley co_" 1.111 bared to do aD,. .. nt'U \\"hl'lh e r Or. 58\"f" IIOeiet~· from party of fr..edom. . They ore nga1ed, wit )I tbe aetlve 11iJ of aiL r:o•~nOMDt ofllltlal•, Ia h.ampoltiDS" aud barrUiillS" aad braw-beat1nr Uae Hotiali•t•; bnt the ,...,k at edueatlon aad orpnlr:ation lfOC'I ~eadiiJ oa,-jut I I the work of orp.iiUar t b• . n reet·railwiiymea nf Buffalo 1t11 pae ltndlly oa, ill tplte of tbe biiiJ"I•g 'fiJ· ilauu of pollee, newtparefll, prneben a11d cou n1 'af Bulfolo. Of • l111tb, Coau•adl!l, who ea.a koow of the -rld-w54o f!JIIt for eeon-le treedom, witiloot • tbrill of 'Jo1 1111d dellgbttd ntitlpatloa for t laa bn n da,-. jut abeod, wllea we come to JP"Ipt wh)l world-wid~ r.apital11m f .. l~mr :~';~\:11 :0 ~~::~~.'~~ :~!::.11 ::;:: . Jut tile wO rkioc dua ~n goin.Jlo bt ea•~ frOm t il.!. eYilt of eapltatlnaf reno?:;"' 11 ;t of tbinking'leeo .. ~~~ •:men of our •Je: ~:~11~ ~~m Uae (1"&1111 old Pt!bhe Set•••ee· CommlliJo11 - ltaYI it, a ad doll't ,.o~ or the iron lhl:>l:d•. between :at: I • eew ;~:e:~:;:h,.,:~:=~i&:';:e4~=~~~! ~!! 54n~~;-'w~ll~~e'! ~:·::t:b:0 f::; ;:~~:~ed ~: Po,:~,,r;::n~t :~~!::~:: !~~ab~· tob~!;g aud oftea t'Omplettly bntr~,..: tile HDfl! .•1 respoi:IJ.ibility i• the worker. He ia ealled "~" to work , 1101 u h.it eoaKl~n.ce d1tt.:1.tea blm to work, bu t aeeo rdina to tile orde-r of hlo t'mplo,-er wllo.e coDM.itaee "u • bueiaeu liiUl li,.n oel7 i11 bi• ledpr. • • • • It Is wtll to 7Ulill4 people ocflaioof~ meJI Ial ••• ~iritllal . .... oue o! t ilem, Boru • • • r~preeea,ta tllil rotlatrengtil or tbo Soci.alitl·moveme.ul. Bo loaa u tit. It vn• io w..... tU foaadat lo111 o1 our a:~ovtmtat are Ill~eeore. Bapport .l'IDt own •e:W.papua.. they toottit11t:o tb bta"I"J" artll~ er tile army of -.ial pogr-.. Tboy are u.., c1llef _ . . hy wllld. eenoerie 1111d pelitkal b-~ce a 4iheeol 1111d pob-- Tile Bodalt.t p r- that~ 0 11 1 Wea't lonl,-1 , · · .' '""' e . Tlie eapJtall..t P"JN!" b.,e prlateit J lowi Pg aeeou!Jit of tho dlli(bltul llllltw 111 art.ore •lito " OIU " IIJitl billa are Dot !Iowa to tUOa 11101ll1lloiJI•d of t1.80~ ad 101111 b -wl1'e.ar~talretdy coa..,..tGiatl~i tltOIII.IOJ.-naa elrbt morelol"l"" ~ll!';::! •J~:::·~~~.:':.= ~~~:0 11":."\~~~~:~; ;~~=~~kld~~ ~!•.!!'el~~~= "'t"f liJIWto U1 approtiable extntl · . Bowe,.er, let it pa-. Come we 110'11" to th elfeda af t1lla moet 1Jorioueboou .. Let"'- laow It baa worked 1111L el--ere. ·In Clorrelllad, tlta eleet UrJat ra.te b eveo lnwo r tliau ' 1 our " D01I" nte of 1 nata~ LIOo-watt,IJ ua U «ar aemory MI"IH. . A11d 1d, lbaDp to f"tlate, tite.l' bo•• peYert:r i11 Clnelandl va, ·alr,-teplar hm1111 poqrty,......a brud u we ba.•o ra &lfalo. LlkorlH tlwylt••~ tba.t rtoriot~:~ ~t faz• Ill Cl.o1'elaa4. · Wilen tlae Jaodlord•- tllat tllo worktar elua ean ~,. a Uttlo lllc•er rut bJ r.NII ~f a,IIIJI! t d.uo.aae Ia their Urbt bllla.-P , _ tloo rtat. Bamo way ~~ltltw~·~e:~~:":~:ro; :~~~=i~-~;=•u ~~b ~!:; 1 1 ~~~a. =-~u!:":.:uG«ami h•• ~ u1 t.l i.nto our taunt : : :· Y.Jtctric "wm · 11111 re aue p of tbose o r o-.; eluewhom !I·JII.Ikittr. bu 110 11eeol for e~mple._ ma~u t~t:-t hit uLm.al n•.tore b tilt Plblie oplolea a ad oot !)\'bile t ltouibt- la~rta.lld patro..,e. a~~o~ to tile trM U..-ertlaJ.•r ia tb capW:au.t a.w..., u4 _ , . h'IIUil balop. J Wbat It -•ta 11 toob t..aill of lo~ naeutal aa4 •Pillt-.1 ~~~~~lite, ~ • .._ - : • 1riJI be ~e to tlaa ~ o~ proptf1J a1 &117" 111Uil1 !.lata I,.,.. . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-10 Extra Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Extra Edition Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-10 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n045_19130410extra Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n045 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Trades Union Men Demand that Officers Call General Strike Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2fbd7f831715e6ed9df110519b9ee738.pdf 5c7442914458f7f9f07d986e94474822 PDF Text Text A_ DAILY From _,.,...,. ftolo 8oolallst will be 1.. M a O.U, Paper, until fl.orther - · • Vol. 1-No.45 BUPFALO, N.Y. APRIL '• IJJ3 J U·DGE ·,.BROWN·. ORDE.RS O·U T, ·M I·L ITIA. TO SFIOOT. ·o owN ··-s TRI·KERS I . �-·-::;- :A..tata and SIJMorlbe f'or the Arooter·Eettung. TheoaiJ GIIInniiiDDIIIW1pap« IDthe~oul.l~of N ewYorll: Cl17, re~ RDtlft&" the iollllr'Ml of Uut Worii:Lo, OIN-. - &0 ceor. for 8 1laa. 7~~;.~~~·~=:e~r:e tla1~~~~b!.~::~=~ • cocabl..lloootfe~» :-· Buffalo Socialilt,ooe rear aod ..Appeal to Reuo.:l" 40 wccb $1.00 Buffai?Sooiallot,ooef<U and Natlooal Socialht $1.GQ IWbJo Soda.Hst,ooe year aa61ntunatioo&J Socialist Rerinr ooe ,.a.$1.25 • BafWo Sodalilt.ooc rear and Comlnr N.atioa c:mc year $J.35 BolbloSodalat, .... .... ~ w...... ....tho ,...,tho 8eod Wden eo BUFFALO MOOIALlST, 6fW.- E.ale8&., au..Jo., If. �ANTI• WAR DEMONSTRATION MAY-DAY CELEBRATION SATURDAY EVENING MAY 3rd ELMWOOD MUSIC HALL PRINCIPAL SPEAKER ·GEORGE R. KIRKPATRICK Of NEW YORK CITY AUTHOR OF WAR- WHAT fOR? UNDER- THE AUSPICES OF Llllll l BUFFALO SOCIALIST PARTY -BY- EMIL SEIDEL Former Mayor of Milwaukee MONDAY EVE'G, APRIL 14,1913 At ·s O'Clock - AT - Columbia Turn Hall 1281-1285 Genesee Street ADMISSION 15 CENTS �POIEUSH1SC "»"aUL.Y 1IY THB BUFFALO SOOAUST PUBlJSHING COMPA.t~Y: (~1 Sl W. E.p: Stn.t, lrd n.c. a dtJTH .t &mJMd nr-.lty, •• ..... WUe... DeW'SifiJ!e~ at..IFFALO, N.Y. aAit'TD' HUSL&It, , . . _, KD!'at~~-~lrdn~ . . ... Co\.a~~~N~'Y. Prb SI.OO PIS' yeu,50c:.U.IID<Jalh..pafalll.l4 .d-ra~~a ED~ -.d~lul m.~:b. .. 1112, ailhe Ia ~. . tlle e.seepdoa. to. tile I"ILla WJtld. - l"1lAMt EKJt.IDfPJUI!b, · - d~t11 ••I ...S. ., ot ~. '"'-I-t aorpa. ,_. upeeted to - . 1a ~ . . . fw'M o~l=-t~ e.pitaliJt M~JI':" lad~ lll~••kPelll U. Iii. E111peror of Aaeriu.. . Wn it beeaue of tke u . ., ..._ pon~at ,, ,,,.., ~:.!~.:;~;!:"::~~~,!!,::.~~'::':e :=:t;;rt):l::;== = r:-:;. ~!~~:~~·ol~~ ~:-~ ~==-Bd =•-I•,_N=o-w-YM-k=,-uod ="-"-"-""'="'-M_~_·=·-··-"-'= === l''================"f====='===="""='=...,,.lott:-~:~laior'~: WEDNE;:,DAY, APRil. 9, J913 ~lao i1 t bc o:reator of lila o ...a -o<:tal to dc•..op Hae pc~t~ot~l powcn of be Ull make it Cit Dllr it, bN.U· ...orlr.ior people ioto 11Ctu! po,/6L "MOTHERING" Tlt.E MOVEMENT Th~tt bnwt• little eOIIJ)JAIIY of lh ree-3eore c:laiiii-COlllleioUA or uroiab il, IDU~ ll • pl-ot ;:-a':?t".~~;~~~..,~~ ,;~~e11r' ~~~~~~·:rt:~~~~e~~~. '!~~~06 ~~~8t\o~·~~~e~~: or Hl)('iAI ff'llowllhip. it.~ea~~::b~it h~~~r~"! !~ •o~k ~~::~~~~~~ ~~~\\li•l•;:·f;h:ire~l:l~:,~::t..,.s~~~c;t'~~ s,~i~\::~~~=~::11~: ~~:~,:ted·~.d=lii;!,~, ~.:; ;:.~~~~..;"K~~ll!;'~~~~!::o:i.o~~~;"o;~u=:c:_, ,.,.u ol ~o~;lh to rl.e abon• tbeD\. 111tern1s. - _____ . ,,C,. lbe icdh·idu~J i• onable 1, I ,.,,. thcKe fuudK . .All ~~~~ .h..·e aud OUJ.bt to Sur.b d ~ Soeltlllit mOTemll\lt. It 20,000 (.'()~DEW.N£0 rillf'A. Th1 Wl"ffl h1 JUdi rotiOI eoadlt!.oD tU.t L beve • obare 111 •t,-the •oedueated b tbe •-h~log of !he""'- or vo,.eromtol witb e depleta.l treelhry ud • hrok•o amoy wvuld 11M. 11M• O.f' :n=:~~et ~~:o. :i:t •fc;:,::·i~~~: ::~i-t~~~.~~::•t:::nbtl:c •~b=n~~~~~ =~·o;ob:;::~";l~~:";~~~~== ~;~ =~~~;:~·~.:~:b.!'::~~';!~~::c:~.~ST~;~\~~~;~~R"W~T~~ ·, hi• enYlt{lnmf'otl' to bia. iolf't· ::: m;;••w•:~tb~:,.oe · ;~~~:lh·~~- ~~:~~·~;.~.i~~~~~~:·:·'j:;;,y~;~:: ~~;~.~~~~i~~~~~~::,',~;,.11 of ":\lotho.:r of 11 \\"orkin~ ! "IIIIi,~ :\lilituut."' ' E•·1·n ~~~ th,• cuutlu·r" uf """" mny rillt' t o the lu•if:hl-. 1 th~ .rollett h·e mac :."~:~r• •::~. w:~~- ~:: :r::!•·ew!':lr~b:~ ~,..hi::~~~·:b;; ::~~::~~~~r~:K~eeh~:':~y:~l!::t~. t he lilt ti :::~b:~~~~lile8~:;:::~~:h:~o~.a::::~ ;::.:oth:~:er'~:t ~~~Zt/;:;tlelly r.o 11 '1 ~~::•..11b:!u: ::. ~~·u::~~o;:~u~:~:~::~·-~11 ::~~~·;~~·::,t:l:;:~7~,:~~~;:';·~,if~•: ~::;~:~~;~~::~:·:~~!~·::~~~~~:~;.~:~~~ wbo :~em::~t:f~~~e~::-7.; on;f b~f:-:~1:•. reeelv"" tbu 11 •·ontiuo·ut ." 11111 1 \\"i ll nnt rounwlf ~·JCI•·IId it 11crolllJ m!_ll•oOJ.of people hfe it httl~ mora I baa abun.lant hfe thdr ..r•ll.rll~r nml ~t.enc~f~~~ pnrJJ~! ·r I . ;·\t ~:~~~~·~·~··'·,·;·~~ft.~~~~:~;, ;;~~~·,': ;111~11 1nHf.1111111 ~:~.~~~~l:l~~~~ of 1;11111:\:}~·j,:~'; 11 ;·;~~7:m:t'llll t·~··r t ,,. !lTI'H 1 t•r . 111 11'' IIIIJ('S a;f '!r~;~:n~.~~:~ic:~,,~:::l : But J ' I ;:;••:..~JO:r;beirl h"ii"E\'i!l' ud thcv 111011 be reallll!d ' Tht· 1\Jtis.·r"s , ..,11~ in in >·o·nh·tl 1111 "''"'"'" '"~ ""'\\ nulo t not It"! httn lt.•· iu it . Thut tusk u mutt. You ,.,.,. lito· lif,. nf !ht• Kni~oJr"11 l 11 :, l f life iJ a joy to him, be own it to spuk of tbe m•n wbo like. r•rt io ~.on;:.; ~:~::~~~.e~;:' : · :.i: ~~= o~h:urh::e'~:~~ !:'w~~e t!:. ~:~~~;;;~~ ~=dbt"'-::;',:!!!e 0!aelor of ju~tirl', aod a meanJ ~f human Orh·n to workiDJ eta... th.e luk'ey• of l be anaatera ea.Jii!d judgK often to go to pat ll"~&:tlullo .. ,.ll tb&:c upitall•r trom ambarr. .IRent•. At Patl"non, ~. J., Jut week, 011<'1 of jut!"" trl.ed C011trt.de Ha1wood,-aa I. W. W. J~ader, oa the ~br~ of "kadla~ 111 unlawful I UCIIIblace.'' "'d f'OnYictlld him. l11 order to .eetare oae of tbeir l''~dOIIt ' ' Jif1!ol'tldl"otJ,•' it WDIIIKI!P&TY to ao bat k to t be yHr 1~, •llfla.la. the rel1n of Kinr (,"bariN I,~ judldal ~h1 loaDded"down a tinoUar oltellio11. Did 1hi1 fe.le lloe "booonb1e" eourtf Not 10 you ~Hid aotk• Itt t'ladinjl lltal lbere w•• onlr one ••Y to )lilt tht' t1hlnlt" miner cut of tlooe war, tO. ~..,.. .Ieney judge wtot ail ti.'l! way b•ck lo Ki111 Cbuln' time to lur• t lt.e triek! t-. a llgbtlnr lftlder of tbt ,..otlllna elUOI til~ ti,me~t ~:~:! act f~l e\·id~ntly uanmel that tbla woold ~ a~ too aeturfl iu 1beir Jiauoa• cu11Di111! NotJil•( ecoid M> doteuJ:~ t:l" .:~~::n!o ::kl::r~ll:!. e:=e~o:,~::!.: ~~.~u:;\! hit)' j>HIU ~~~ oJ..liiA...Utillt..!f: t l.aetifl lboVI" rl•Tbt J eney jlldge n"iav be redtDniDI wiflloul hit llort. ·-· • ~,---.,---- 0~\"CE.MORE: w~ :tRJo.;-'"'' 1.\' BJ:D:'• ': . ~:;::~W:, f::~·:.~~~: ;:~.~a.: ~ron;~;~~';! ;~~i-;;. ~:.::::.:...~.~~~";~:_:;:'k ·~t=~~::;\.~,~~~~::;:; :!•l"w:;e ~~·~~~ly•~;~:;i':l 0~~: ~~:~~u!~"'~~';· ~~~~:.:~dl~rt~:~~a::: ~~~~t!:::'!e~:.~;: ~::enr~~~~.~~··,!:d-::: tb~~:"":o:kor!.:~ ~e ,:::Jd~od will it another prOJI 10 t&Joitalitm, Jlf!rbapt! "\'011 f'lll jut im.aaiM t loe keta dJ... hitn, 11nd, what mun be of \' ita! imrort· dooe; t hfl que~! loa for you ia olm••'• i ''l'l"''"'"''"' ofw:::o:;·~~:~.:b,~:,":'h!.o~i1:1~1tf1~~~=!..,:;'~';;tl;f ~.::: '""~~nho~~~~~:~,.:~n ',:!, af:~~=!~ ::,~~~t:h:~m~a~::.l:::bt~le ;;·~~~!~~~~ ~~;~e:;e,..~:u b~oi::t'l:o \\"t• hn•·ll p •t to ~..,. " ''"l•itnli~l Jlii.JM!r "1\"hi•·h is no\ ;·,·.':,~~;;·· ~: r·'~1~~:. i ::~,:~~: :~r~~ uy; '.~ ~~·~i.',:, ,rc0:' 1!~'.~.~~~· ;~~ri~:.~~~~~~~~":,~~.. got away wblo 1 little more thaa .t he rtt't,--tb.:lt•• tbe oely- ,_o!':'.,~~~ ;~~!::~~~~~·~:~ d~~~ ~=~~ WHAT SHALL 1T BE ? N ,..ontl"nt i• not 111 el"il in iuelf, :;:~~::-~e.II~ baek to tbe nnkt, the (I Jlilalill• rm~~::;· do 11111 wloh t o oleprh·e ;;"a':u~u7a~:"::"'ti~l!~;~~ t0:t ' : ';:: }:0t~::!ce;e;;i:.:~d by 1 W(' \\"!11· liltntdd 11 ltuiTnln pnhli•· lll'lwol to'nt' ht• r"s puy ,,,,, .. , ),,r ;ltltt· 1•n.•· ,,f tilt• ul"t"flllo!"f' wnr•l· lll"o'lo•r who mo.:r•·ly tht• •·11.1" hall with hi~ <ltUilh' prt'"llo'llt'.,! ,.,., ~ ~=tl:;ali~• o::~~~ ~e.•;;• ,:f e:~~ of life'o J'Urpou, thO'\" e•·e~~:oa.e to ~njoy life aiitf"'!iiCl ""'"imi r<'!ltliutioo of tbit ideal ~ rewud1 for all hil aelh•itlel. Bat, of t\"., t~:~~~=·~~:u~~~~io;•b our dali~b::.~~~;:;:::~~~:o:f ~ ::t:~~~~Oltl"!·ld!•~:"'~"!n'~~Y=o~o~loeot!IS: :-.:.":d:o l1 lbl" ideal of all. and oncntl,.t of all our :!"1'!~'::: 1';.";;:~ ~: .,..:::;:~.:0 ;:~~~ :;i~:e ~=e •:~,711~•0t~o=~f~~~ ~n~h~o w;:~ w~"'!: t o IT I I I lr 1.~·1 II IJ,. H l'llll'<t' U . "~!llllt'JIO UH I t ll'l! t•\"f·;:-~ el or ~ 1.1 It" IU 1-'n('lKh~IU ,,,, un1t n;o•l. 1 ~llt"]l II HIOr~l 0 . ~rll I' Ill rro•e :;lg 1111 • wh•~h per 11111 of tiN blood·moft4!y of :!" t~:oe~;~,\~:;a;;:.~nt;•;-;~,~~r~ ~=l!:";,::'::,h:~!e':~•:ub;u~:~ lr~jtb 11 ~~a~!;'q~:;;:.~b~=-li~:ri~11:row~ r~r:"::.....:-; =111w:.::~~ 1et un~:',', ",~;,r;~.',•,•:~~·~~r~:~:.~~:~~!;~'R~·~:.',~o-.~~:i~l~::::; ;:·!~~ttl~f'~l~:ct~3::~~ :::.~~·il~~~~~~gl:.';!~..o:::~nfob~bo~.:t~~: !!:bb~i~i~::e ·:~:;: :'e:~~:':f~:,.!•!':: 11 ~;~,~~~~tl!~~tn,~.~~·i,~:;',1 ~~~••11·il:~~r::::;,~ot~itl:~~ l~~~~;~~:~:~~~~~~~~~!~hillR out ~:~!t:~l"!~~ ~~ ~~:~~~~~~heL~~~~~! IIi, jiUI :11lmrort.ant to e-dueate tbt lany mn of tile bopt ba may eottrt&ID I ot tbt labor of tile otbrr elaue1 11 tn the retliu.tioo of hi• llfl" dream. u .nnot II!XJ!ftt anytbinc elM bnt fabv.l· Yet woulol irnot appear rtU0111hle_to 0111 wealtb aad barbarou• lusur,. ou thl" for if 1 poor ma'l'• i¥noraot:e ia. pill· IU(rl!ttt th•t w., "abonld try at le11t 111 ona ead of the 1oe.ial ~ale. and 1•itifai fu l.a. .-~ll·to-do m111'1 ignorance l1 do- attempt to realir.e 10me ol. our ide.t• miMry~pcnury 1ud drgradatioa Oh tbe ll"> t~blc ~au..e it ~how• lb.Jtt he rart'd of the abuadaot life b rei Doe. it other. , mor"' for hi• pc>r kl"lbok tban for hit reall•.--"ffem lmJI"'Ible 111 to •hape 10· l'el nobody I• (oinK to r.baogtt tbia u•irul, mone for hif ~tomaeh thlh for r.ial n11tlitio111 tUt ' tile old 1111.1im ord~r cf t hiogs.10 adtnlnblt io thi\.,-H hi• head. tball be..om~ ao ..,tuel bet, '"[1 e,.try or t ho.e ~·ho prollt by it , unle.1 •• n·u~·.. uf tlo~ .-ollling l""'(>lt! •• it i• I<> imprO\"tt 1beir material f'ondilioo•; :,~;·1•1•::;~.~~~~~~~j· r::::;:::~.'l:,:·,\~,.~~~:~1i:·~~~ul~ll;tl~t;~c:1~~=i~~r~:~ 11\\~~~tly~C.-8 •i•~f:,'•..:;:i~~- :u~rt:.~~:1inr~ri:~~~ :o~ ~~..·inli~>ll; llrro.~li Aod IDEALS TO BE JtEALIZED which uuu•· hut 1\"{)1111"\1 <'1111 r •·wlo·r . l..:un winc- full W•·ll t h•• hro:ntl·\"1\hce of ,.,.,•ry u ickd liO ,Jolo·•l '" l h•· toilt-r~ h •· tht• ltlltlilcr·t•ln!!..'!. uwl r•11ger to hrinf:(" j 11 !lno.:iul •·orupnuimtNilip tho" '' who 1Wd: tlw f reedom of !heir · • 1lw w 41111 , .11 lull·•• hit upnn 11 plnu j,~· wh it·h, 111 prnetienlly no Cl:]WIIlle, tlw work.•rN 1'1111 lw hrou ~hl IOioltlllwr for 11 tlelightful ll\"CIIilll!"; t.he Trt·ltNIIr\" 11f t lw liuiTnlo :-:ndnli~t ro•plenis ho·d, nud the work of tltluca . linn 1 .r~IIIOI !'tl. ' 1 In tlu• ,.,.,. 11 )111 1..'" nf .-\ pril 1~1 . 11 soo.:inl will ht• l('ii'Cn at the SocillliSI IL • ·-""1 pn,- ::t::~~b: ~~.:;; ~;~~~=;~::: ;:·l::::al';:;e,:;e:(c~~~~rD~:~~:: :;~~:~~~:~:.joy. to 1. . fDII til• frui~ :~~·~~d~:.~:~;:e:~\1\:u!~~.:!':::;, ~b~tc_w~o;:;; :~~i~ .,,(. lmd wilh tlu· inololuilnhlo• plut·k horn of the holy \'OW worlol fur !-;.ocillli~<m. l h•·y lun·,. 1101 he11it11ted to t11ke UJXIII .c ~~~~~~~t11J;5it ~::10w~:;,~~~·ir ~;~~:J.!;';,.:~htij;::e~llti~~~~ ::~~-oJtirst .t~e Tbey are all 1.•~ 'bl t lte · lta prodoct. t.h. . &DJ ol lUI. ~ • al.utloo of th oboodou MN:ial Yet, tilt m. . -.trik.f.. . ~ of M"Orpll '1 ~ tllat polaoa hmu 1l!a ~ ba-.a re· ..u, ·• How ate ·pt lola ata"'rL" :r'boM of ~:~e wbe "-" ur ::iiiH:t' the or~rRni:r.ation of the tllsk;~:~,i~:;,;~il~h~~:~~lli~:~~;~.•~:j·~~Pr'":~.ri~i~~e~'~l~e~~ tbel d UJI'Da 11 We part Ia tlle ~o~leel l tllat ~~~: ~~~=ry~ or of impro.-lnc eonditlo... of bt!lie•·u to bt! l!b iaterHta. ~.11! llle, ol huma•n~nc lhe structure ~~<.~c:'-1 juttiee bNi!o:l oa •• ~nomle llt ,ot bll atan dorf•c the c;..u Wu wbn workiar d ... bfolM, ._... bt ran, it it aot tile indl.,Jdual ~11d tupentrll.~t.w-e of IHM'.iety, by uo_lt·1 1pto.>lll wbicb :"'ill e11ab~ the iodu•· 10 tloe fn:n1t to 81!1 1bOI either la cleteue ot tile Souther-D~~r'• cbat~ .._. . !hal r.ah .!o lbi•. The lhdh·idoal ·me their llldtYidl1&1 forres aDd powen hlou• worken 10 e.-ery llakl of i11 dtftoM of the ~ortkr11n "J demaad for wd:•alaYcry. ll:orpa di4a't 4o hu11hauJ11 and Lrotht'rli tllld comrutltll m nuy things. ~ ot tht• h'KIII of thl' thing!! whie h they h llJ·e tAnght 1111 · \ "Rhh' :: be. one nl:.~, ~~:. no~tecr=~~~·;:l"l,:~~~ me;;•~o~~:.:eb:;,.:lli~u;~:;~~: ~;~:: ;.~~~ ":,ti.~: ~~~~u::;a;oe::•r, II"Ot·kiu~; mulo.:s. bu no peroon•l N>mplliDI to liuod mall who doctt not lil"l! bot to tbl h., hu a duty to pt'tfor01 t:at, aod eat but to lh·r, a od notbing wort,! bHidf'l tbc n re of tb~ noor~. Wa l)ll"lk of tbe 11110 t o wbom t)n•'·' ••nth uf till' mon,·.•· ~twnt l.ly tlw l lnited StKtl'll Govern ment on him. a •luty lowud his life I• more thah merely • atrugglc tor lu~t \"t•U,. un II"H I". pnst . pr•·~··nt 11111\ f utun•. II'Onld hn\"t• p~\"1'111~1 ieu. forlullltc fellow mf'n. l~read, 11 it II for the brtlte. We 1-:ro•loi th>o "t~ in tlw ~ l iololl<' Wt·HI. But thf' o.:llpitRiil!t g<J\"{'rll meut i il is mort• ,J,<~~i tnhl,. tn pr11IN·I .1. P. ~J .,rl.:ltn"li OOnr.l11. T he motto uf l uloiJ•nrli•"' is: ·· J,..t"!< h,•li• lhl' rio·h- the JM)Or can lwg.'' muo·h !Jt"th·r t hun Iii•• I II I 'we •; Offm'":~::a:od::·::~~~~~ •f::~~~~t~~~;~;=:;:•.:; ~~~ Mt:.A .~ , RIE\'O, LUTION, cant flllrtion of the material artiVfl workers ill bulldins up more humao ei,.liiution. You !lffape tbi, elteroative, for tbe world wit 1101 u.aod 1tiil oo your aceouat. thl" 1-)lle who ba~·fl bad a ~ha11~t We are asaiut lhtlfl Ll:tiaa;M; we " '""it , and !hen lakflao io>·eotory 111 ioleroatiooaJ moYemthl of I hil own nlf lllll aeqoirementt, ""of workt.not brawo alld . tl"'li:r.e tbe deartb tbcrN>f. or tbfl world'• grntpt author.. lrU!hii Jhi!Dt!~iJiilti.J fDTi• ll<"itDt il tl, pb)'li~iiDI, 1ny indkidu1l '• u hie•·emlllat-. alto, mloty meo and women oo wu D!IOb iDdi•·i(lnal•, hot I gooclly amout~t oJ t bi.J W"Orld '• 1 •);~~~~~~1 : r·:"!:~::~~~~:::~: ~~:~~::et~:~~~~~ ~a;::ltr. 1 TilE f~THUGGLE .!RHOAD. 0 We on tbi• 1ide tbfl Atlaalln!od It dllllcult to rfllll;l fila tre-nd0111 1tnl1· onl:r- one rbln(t! in 1 millioe tlooe t11 tbe working du,1 ao"d hava rt• glt Chit \1 gOIIIJ on iu t:urope bet,.·een !be lor~ of rtYolotioa a ad t ile fo" " 1be kin(! of men aud womn -.,h·ed 1o end it. Tbil ;1 uot the doe· ot tbe mat.er' r.law. l 11 Oumany, for uample...._the Sotialltt Part,. nuJnbtn a n~illiu dui!I-J•yinK meD\~ a.nd ta.~te appe-o:~~hoately t our a11d Ol*kalt to aoy miD !Hinl! :~ble to a~fU· tbe princiJll<'! of a.l.tlolatfl jl!atite. of votn. The la~r uaion•. art' eloaelr alll.llatflll wil)o tloe part,-, aad 1 1 . The Eoriali!t b.. . ao pi- io '!:!t ;:,1: : : : : 1 11 "ma<Je"' by hinl&t'lt, but rnuh for the ~ndo,.odoal ,..ho 'II po11dnt. or to IJ>o:&k mon1 •~eorattly, t be hack aa-.paptr writer ta ~ew YOrk · hiler of mea, • ·ba(b would lot! 1-ery 1\"ho ba1hn oYer the German pepen ud writfl the " Berlia corrMpoodoe,.aoa,•• apJiari!lll to our OJIJIODect• If tbt.I took who let the eat oat of t ba bag a few d111 111[0. • lt IJI~ra t hat cnlr by the utmo.t "l&il•o~• a 11d tl11 mott ¥tOP•t t!:ltrel• 1umeieut time to rhd! otu Jitenture iutellil!totlj. of JIO""' l1 the K1l~ ..kept on hi• tlliterior tloroae. Ia •ddillh W tlot eta.od· ~~i!~o~:~f d:~~~~;-ar~;,:~a:~ I"~'Y. ~~ft.~:tl:.Yae':;rd~:;":0 :~~~~ t:; ;::,o~:;::~~ v-~':.. ;"~:::.:l=========~======='==c="'========== :7~~=~m~f '!:~::: ':;"::~·. ::::;:~, ~~~l:=l~t:;rt::a-::~!~~~:0: t ubj«tioa. Soc:ialilt1 '!' ..tii!Wir kept out of theM millllrt Ia t ilt fear that aoytblng lik.t ope• diltl:'ll•ioa would •Jifll4lly wi11 tbe111 _.tw o'ft t o t.be tl~~ Uow nre you goicg to t:onlnte JlfiO" that Sodalio!m makH tor a bigbf!r of t h·iiir.ation and tor a oobler of ma11b~ tha.h tbe avenge of Tb"'"' i~ ,.bul 011e t'tl".,..ti 1• upable ot prodnring antJllll~ ..alae, 10011 wit bcut ~ban~ter, without Ji will of tbtlr owQ, without "tbe ambition of givi118 lbtir u;.tcn~ a. higher men· inr. 10 r~~~!'•,:n~.:·:~~~~~; 1od thu thtrll" uo be no blcbr.r in· part,. of frefldom. leretot for !be bumao being oatil bia Thfy ere t~~galfl!tl, wilb tht attive aid of all f0\'1!1"11mellt oSclab, Ia ball!· lower need• ere u.tlalled. Tbl.. ia tbt' J.<eriag &Dd harntli•ll and brow·beatlnr the Soeialitu; bat t bt work of edaeaturie of J>OVI"rly t hat It 1 1iflt'l lion ao~ Ol'ga11iu~'!;" goe. n.eaaily oo,-Jn•t .. t he work ol orpnUillr lbe bitioh for bigher tblop I• Ute olre-.:t·rao\wa,..u tf n ..tralo h11 gooe 1tudlly oa. !11 .pilfl of the blllyl•r l'il· ;;~~!~oi::~~~~~~· e:C0r~~=l":;:~e 1 Tbi1 11 the m111t lmporllot womJi11'1 priadpiH you pro- qunlion today: ... bat..._will bccolite of mean• to J>rocore bread. • • • them in your d•ilr Inter· my t hildreo undtr uphalillt role I l d ilane~f0! :;!~~~· ~:r::,r~~~~~e:o':dofdol~:·.:~k~.::~;ljht for eeo11omle freedom, witbout • lilrill of joy a.ad delia;bled ant ielpettou for tbe bftl•e 41,-. ahead, wbeo we COIH to grip. with world·wide uplt.aliiUDf we;i~~=:r:~~~~"; t~c:•ity;:r r.::; ~;;ld~~~~~:..l";-~y•~~:~l :.'·..:=e~ 1./oy itdt he .Jiut]IOMI of ~~lliled ;:::ab~m~o ~0~e~:.:",,:'o:~ :;' or t he iron tbat ba1>1b bet"lfeen t bemf 1 ~ ~~:"~0 ~~~:«:i:~~ =~~~:~te CHEAP~JUICE VS. FREEDOM. ;!:: nt ion ~\rmy"ll ··fr•···· · t "hri:-t·mul diuuer. !<imply ::'.!::~,.'~::: ~~:r ~~~U::; !~'! Thi• i• the •ae of reall!a; bot ll it of th•okons IIWin aad womt!ll :a::;•,••~,'O:,;~e ,:-::: :!e!~",':.~:~ • l b • row wti~ : ri:al linn "of o· -••, I """"'"""route, to he lolowed "ou tbe way to al•alio~ i• oot tlo.rea.qot faro, owaualllp of tailrOI.(b or 150-ceDt pa.. Nope. lt'• 7-eeet Utetridtyt .:;;11~ ~~=-:i~o~~~; ~U<IId:::::~ ::eJ~::.aald: he IO'I'tly! • 1 Dr. F ri• ..h nllll tun diarow•r tJd R 1;rum whieh. will m:, "' :e owll Uvlog 1111.\" f' ~idy from tilt~ awful IICOUfll'e, we know not ; but we do not ei•U.m !loot • ertlr a new •111t•= at • • • ,.iltlt aaakfttbll blot tile fece be.it..tc- to u~· thKt tlw t~•pitali7.1lt.ion of hi11 daim1 eeou01:11iu and politiH, b~t 1bovc all Tb.b 11 oue of tltoe ltl""•t r.rimet COin earth. n.,. eaa ba 11\rt!d 111 .oe~~&~\'hrther trul~· ~::. :'1~1~~i:,l'l:~,~~::;·g.~::~~::~t·:.j~ic~:i~~.~u:t,!~l~ t!l:t!;;.r{'J~~~~)ican brt!~ing Jllaee fur tu ht-r•·ulosis 1-:i'tlll.t. • 1.~ -~~:·!;'• ~:::.:rl:~~~:~h~~~~~f:i~&.~~~~~:~~~~e:.;!:; = , · q 1 y:=~~':,,toc~~:~ct\':.,m;:: ~:·;~:P;IMlof ~:~~·~!::..=a:; ~it~ed hr ou~ 1 ~·! 1 d~liu~o"!'; :~':'~ 0~;1 fr:Ui"Hatnathf~ . • • •• , • 0 o: ft ca .• • • P~l"t·l :....._' oo :""''l~No ..:.~=-~~1 ooe ·.of tlo.em, 1 .:;~;. I!1;:·: '. • :; t11 t be Tile 8oo:i1lilt pr.- ' r.Pr-aU • g , aggra,•at ing- Ureir ~tgonies 8 thousand f old with ibcir Tile JIUfPOie of r•hoaal N_oe..io• I• nlled If~ to work, aot .. b;. ro•· tNl atreap:tlo of thll e.efalin . •• :\ 8yl" The drea"d tbe d<'vllopmed ot !lie ~atue llp11111 lflkate thdatn hi• to work, hut ee· So lane 11 thil; pr• J1 by. way. belag, (not the .ua.io.iog of •lavm a..i eerdiar to~ t.lo• order of bit. e.mplo1f!r foun,datiou 11f _,• ' t'~a u:e-- beoe~i~uf:~r:r:eoS~;inc:~~;:t eo~~!:~; ~!~~~_path and !;.it=.a:~ ;!~r!e,e~~r':ku!l)d8!·~"1t;~·u511b'; ~.~n!!:to;~J;; of ...te~~:'~:~~:e~;·!;~~~~~o~e:"~. ;~;::.7;'7:~::~~: bu~·- .... ="'~o=:. unit~ we wall'!._our gold~umomenbl wbeo. w1th · ~:~'t..~n~' 1::1 ~:: ~~!tJ~~. ~~~~~k;!e~f ~~:~o:~rld ft:llo..-.,.·orlu:n .to You hao\·e oothillg to loee but your ehain1.." .\.nd U. th.. w.untime.- ea]Jitelis.m lmrl• iuto o ur t eeth the lhltt it Ul.l'l" ··•Jtitaliu. tht:- very dyiug gasp.11 o r those of our dUll it liJu ru)..~ of be.hb! . tYU .::• ~ ~~ t~~odera w;o~~~: 0\ft e:;d. wMk 1 = rfi\"Oit ·~elurt tbf.! brul.lllitiH aDd eon· ::IJI: ot . .a lauperieaeed t'le.-ottd to . ~ h.. 110 ~ tor «apl"' ."'~~at It waaal!l t ooJ1 , . ::'"'.:;":of-~ 11 1 11 1 retl:l.bl4" 1pl au" ':aeotal .:;" tore, fO: tkil dbt,lapW.te tlo.Ut fro• IJe: Opi.~OB t~; tile. uiaiJ . W'Olld. "Yet tbe fad r&o ?fldo.l.o~> • aJ.J....-.erfal. it l_l ~n&J... tbt ~~~\..~~:;: ~~~a:~ u tile pablit opbt1oo aal! DOt ~abhe: huo!oflti•-..~IP'"talaatlll•, Jtelllftll. • ~ ~~~ 7;ei; • •P~::t:: ~tka~ .::::'~ ~ ~ ' "ov~~;~~~~/:~t~otr:~~~a:;~~~~ :!~ :::!~f:: ;~-:;: *'"" II-•'""" 1,. ,1.-.~1 coaFOtulaUar t~lvea 01 •lrlot 111..,. • 11111tlo! We Ut'\1 tllfl wont! "oar ratller r tekletoiiJ' t be .. lt!:;!:~:;.;b~e:!:'tr tllat. tke JI'Oietlriat doet.a•t - elect rle . 1' ~ I• 10 tilt it .... Callie We DOW (M t!fl'eda fJf IIlJa ..O.t Jlor*- • be• i.t htll worked oat fllaewW.. y11 Qluelutl tile lower tlaaa '~OUJ"" a.ew rate of 1 eub per lt.ISo~tt, - atr.a. . . • ret.~ ..~~.. "' relba~~;~!•;:;.;;z.!~a~::!!.,Yea, '!M• 1110 ~'.::!;'...0:,"~ J.. :~111,1 dael CI•J*ra'lit~ _, ft'IO.II....ot • aliclii don.. Ia t.lo.i& tipt. brue,--cp , _ t.e Jal. !<..t lin. Siaplf', '-"''tIff , • ' AIHI La tlte meaatbae, t.lo.e GMenl Eleetrie wiU . .,. tlou ..u It ap Ia loue&NIJ s-troup, tloe to !be bee adYertiltiot I• tbe eapl&albt tkW.., ... 80 liar• wiUMduato o..-pa.... orproporrtf otur..erea ~r ·..,- . . - -·J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-09 Extra Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Extra Edition Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-09 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n045_19130409extra Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n045 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Judge Brown Order Out Militia to Shoot Down Strikers Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c86d61b1df573a33732992de3b040dca.pdf a2fec9ecdad174b3a99d815b02d00ec5 PDF Text Text -~-riU_:~.i~MJbn~ - Vol. t-No.45 . ':t.•· . ' .. - . . ~llt£~ . BUFFALO, N. v~ APRIL - EX~TRA! ·-·-- - - -- =--- . ·• a, 1913 IMPO'R TED T·H:U .Q-S COME TO CLUB BUFFALo·· ·s TR-IKERS BACK To· SLAVERY �--- Which System The Abyss BertOb Bralq.) Out feet are set in path•a"P unto lhame n.t- _.. ..-u - k• th t abrln "'~a.. mf'a wllo htllld 1Ml111et li"e nmt,..l ho.-ch.. T'"" mtn wllo ant.\.n tllf• au.tomol•iltt ._.,.. :r.... ~~~ 1 "'T";,~ • . El'"ery.aAwllla«ordtoowa .a - ' ' 1- - - - ' -c!Nr of aU la<Ubtedn"'" So 111.., wiU be elllbled 10 lln .,.01&.J11r • ·!.o b1ul.l t'b" u,ll"'>lld.l 1 - - - -- To tell our youth and joy to your desiref You mutera who are niwprd in your hire, 'Vbo ltarYe u.s and who drh•e ua day by day, otbeT&. El't.r" .,.orller .,.ill be eaablfi'l '::~~~:~~;.•':~,. ~7 iu:.,~ot:; truf'l ~'"' .ee the worlil. n h .... and ..,.11 thr 1)f'j1 ., the•· 10111,. Tbr ..-urhl •dll be tn.pllfo"!I!Nl 11110 bey ~ecal' ~1. · • a tbiue or 1-uty and will belong to Til.. Din ,..be> ·~•II , .,. b.Ne.t thote who made lt. , t"lwo IMH. Th~ producer, tbe brmcr, will han n .. "''"" wllo 111\'e trau fonnl"<l bftt f>f ev~rytlioi11v, nd will 110 worJJ ha•·e legally "~' ri}:bt in bto !11 debt f o r the lud he works. ba•·,. worlot. t iiCI, \u blt~no bet:a uuerl7 obllvloul of the llre111ea. lt bu legWated ! Of' every otber daa of wod:1r. but tll.b. The lhe dep&rtmeat iJ the oae brandt of tllo dty IO~~~~eot hi wllleb tile worfcrs have aot ~~~~~~ pace with tbt rhallgiiiJl: «onomlc eoaditions. Theit J•re.ent dimJIIds are modHt to a ~~~~~~~~~+~~~~~~~~=! ~;;·...~·i,:he:c=-~~:'~:~~~!7;:' rail- i11r day by f 11ur bona. Ttwee i to attend ho11r •hifu i• what t !Kly • bo11ld ' ami ••CD•I tui• to the .. 11n or · 'II" tb• no.r.J.of th~~~ 1 '1:e....~~;..~::~~ ';11::r~:, iJ~OJ•I<! :.7~:,~;.J~-it~·::~:~.:~l'~'l ~~~-h::. ~~:~t :~: eul"'" ''l·•h· •nth it• •r~omt•llro~·iiiF "'I!' thf' illdutemn~t Uut they m>ly ioak · workinv a11d llafl'a wu a con<litloa• •omclb.lng 11eu tbOH the la•"t!lliptilllr n~rage worker. ti~ne w~n Altlt~n ~'' . ~·:i~':~~P~~··:11 :ke~~:.·~f ~~'i:,.\i~:"';o :-;!a~";o~··e •~r~k .. of rM 1 nmart. Tbt rrIt will be .ee11 they h•·e t lw ,..,.rkingn•tn ,_..,.,;Yl'\1 at 1"" be more I hill fair ..-!tb tbe 1 "' ~~~;~:li~~·~:~. hi~~:-:ir~:., t:; ~~ll"1 ~:ed~p;:~~~~:i~~:,.'be •l•n· to wra •Jo.,.a ft:~ :~,J .;::::.~:~·~~~:::;. •:·~,t :~:·~·,i,~;; tbr""" iu a ~uch • loyal , ::: ~::..:•::~:' ~'r ~:,:•;lu~~;:~~:~~~n~: Koo~o:~~~::::.~p~:: -~ee=; You ~:~;:r~?!.?;f!:~d;0-:n.:;~_Ullt~ we tire: · Yotr ~e wage, u aU, aud in rage, You call ua " Se.adet \Vomen" when we fall; \\'eU; we care not about the--namet you caU, 10 lU 8 pittance You cruth the joy for 8 ot Jiviug iD -.,.- And the n, in "righteoua anger" Nor care about the •·reaaona" you into n e ; W e know the rate of wages is 80 a mall, · That women cannot li!e on them alone. '\re 1118y be ereatllN!I f-ar ' 'beyond the pale," · But you're the goodly folk who drol'e us there, And if our tired bodiC6 a r e [or eale The blame il your. and oun alike to ahare ! And if aerost the world we set a xnare, Outfit ' N The price of our betrayal ~·ott must ~Y- ht.bh, bf.:k: hC~~UM, t.br. ODioCbea, emb.lml.,., • . $55.(){) Outfit No. 4 r!':.e:~=~~=:::::=.:=.:,::=: ,;~:~,~~llr=:;;:;:;;;::;;;;;~~~~~;:;;~~~~~=~~~~ ~_:·~bi~:!\:J!~~k:~~:'~t~:." ~-· $60 toarlalea()() o.w ~~·. bu.rtal pennlt,CCHPple\e ou-e aDd atl,flodiiiCI, T otal_, . . • tu .~f!~~R~J:~a:!'t.~.!l:;':Ut,un>~~.:!::t~.:.J':';:'tb'::. otbl~~oo~~~=!::~~·- I be ~eralPbooeAt E. WEDEKINDT poru nr~ .,( th.- '"'"Dt•to. l'<>nlrnft hr hllrn• !ltlarl"•'l l ulht"t! ONDI!RTAK1!R AND FUNERAL DIRECTOR N o. $ WALD EN A V E N UE ~:~~:~:~:r:·:::~~.::~~ ;;~~.:~=~~~:~,~~~: : mar\.noro t b a l roakP a owi•" til;e 3 ::::!.S:!"bejin:''!:~!!:~:-!M't;,= ~=J:snu.il...Oampl-.ou.aod~!lftn:". , '"' I'U>I "" wi t h tho• iuo · l h~ mll_c~<ri<"•i .\,·~tb 1\otu•k of th•· llej•llhh· ~''" j•art~ ' "" thl' 1~1"•' O, bllrial1u.lt Ia b1aek o.- broYo Orl;~n~eo~~e":nji•:nt~:~~!~~;y~~:~~ Sf.rtfllt\' Willian! ,..orrl rha t a n,.;.,. IOdjt<" hu IH!an t biro,: '" rooi,.., ftnd ~hnu\,1 h~ ""!'!""'"""'" 1'~ 1111~\l.-1111 ;,. ou Ollfi of tbe lll>burt order,aotout nfaDyrr•l"""' olloriai•an~lu>trllle to f o r t hl' Uti•Ublka u J•••t .•". IJUI bt'tauoe and !be l'lnretloer.-fOre 11 t br~ a rr ~ •luor nrl~;bt llr>iuuce. r•l. AnOt bt'r lod~:e b u bcfD :\ut\' "~'"' bcr<' .,... ""'11 ''1J•Iaiu the Sewbur~.: . .\lo. The ru•"" ..-to~- Auto o" "~'" .,,. nll1.1•~•l to or~o:aniu.tinn l'mploycd Uy o•-··rt••lr t h~ law •Iii• oho,J. 1111.\ lauvh Trrmi 1111! Cnrnpa11y h:.,·e at rbt• l'" li··.. in th~or pu<"riie All tmpl• o('rurio,: J n &)ltecmeul at \p.,· .,.,,\ r>rdrr. Wh.. n the L~ ..- I J•· tia\ inul!.,fl in pa;r. The pl!t,] to bkydt ri•\~t• It 10"11 f nfo•r••. '"''"~""'" l•ir~·~]..,. nnd • U~N--M~t 215 Cents-- Our Bl8 N-n Dinner-- 215 Cents - - - Tb'IOCOZlf"'Klli'serb· P e ter Kllppf!d Eza.traao. co~ St:n« Buemat Kutu&l Lit. Bl4&. " I'"I>O<>rkhlt hntputgll&'pu rrl :\ II i! dill'<'trlll 110"" that lh~ uwntr of "" nuto io "'1'1,.."'"" t o h<' ot ~ull><' arfollnt in nrder t o !"-"'•"•• • m1rhln~. nfetyoftbepcople,hubeea additioul . llllt n.<mtnt t o ill 1K0110111ie .Ja.-ery. I'"''· ~ baDllllllll'hef>ftb.eirdetbe !ntfnaadatiollnawb.icb a ¥0\"Crllment ballk\Jiir flyllem tbe pre.eat diaaatroviJlti\•ate • For tai. rl!llaoa RATT'I~·rniNI BROS. j30TTLING WORKS Deale.., In California Win. and Uquon ••n 11111n •ord.,.0.111111 Sptdal UtHtloD ,1,.-ea to p'-t -"'I.H-.tt. we of:::~_::~:~'!~:: OJI4 a--P' dt.Ul'ft1, 1/IC-k . ~ PHYSICAL CULTURE HATU~~~~:J:.~::-,H~~NQ. ac.saJIILLL"il" lrr. R ES TAU R A N TS --=· ~~ · T.t•-...•lwffll•~lrlAL WltOt.E WHCA T Uf.AII. �ANTI _- ~WAR . DEMO,NSTR.ATION· ,, MAY-DAY CELEBRATION SA:t"URDAY EVENING MAY 3rd ELMWOOD MUSIC HALL PRINCIPAL SPEAKER GEORGE R. KIRKPATRICK Of NEW YORK CITY AUTHOR OF WAR- WHAT FOR? UNDER. THE AUSPICES OF LOCAL iUFFALO SOCIALIST PARTY �P\fBUIHIU) ~T BY TMB &IFFALO SOCIAl.IST PIJIILISHING <XlMP<'NY '"'-""'....1 5lW,it.tpStr-t.lrd.aBUPI"ALO.N..Y. ~T'DflfUSL&R,._ ' P1lAJQt _.-y.u::;r;;.~lldlloot ~- · - W. J>. CA~~N~V. ~Prbst.oo,.,..,,5tka-aa..,.y.w.~a...,.._. ~' E:Dteed N ~-elNI tD&ller JIIUII 6, 1811, lit chi pollt o!Soe at Bd'No. New Yorll:, IIDdertbe A.etof Jlarotb l,l8'T8 TIJESDA.Y. APRIL a. 1913 " SCHEMINQ TO MAKE TROUBLE" .. S.·hl'ming to ~h.kt> T rouhle' ' is the headline of the cwr 1111 Hr1i~·le Hhowiug ho,.· th1· polit-e bed arl'dlted t hl• ntw Gtreet-<'llr mf'n ·~~ union, 111 the instigation of U1e That ·li it. &·hcmint: to" ma ke troubll' for the muter elaMI ~rime, th11t! ~nH>tlung akin to mnrder in tbr ey~Z' of the lC it bH~I h•'l·ll ouly 11 littlo• mattt'r like m u rdering a fe\o: u the lntl'rlllll ll•ll.lll (\iol 111 l..ockport 11. few Wfi'h llgo, the would h,.;,,. lot-.·u ,.n ,;ym p~tth~·-with the Intt·rn&tional. a eue of tryinl! to nrlo!lllliu• thl' work<'"r"~~ to ;u:oeu~ a few more 11 week . th(' EX]•ro">ill i11 up in RnnM 011 tho· inlilllnt. Tht' t.hcorr of tht' E xpro-M i11. tim! wlu·n it i11 me rely R • m""''""• ,,,. "'"'k"~- ,,,,. "''" ,, ",............,.•.,,.. so muc h 1,·11t·r off. 'm1 "'"' "· tho·y lo\"f' the · · Wt do ~~ doubt. for 0111 momlllt~.Bat you UIIIIOf. abolillb powa:y aad Dlcllt of tht·ir 1·ondition11. tl•at there ue tple11ohd mu amoar tile 111-r: 1111leu you do away 1ntil tilt But . Ur•·tlt ~ott. ru~n . who·11 _\"1)\1 t"tHIIt" to talk Ahout · of !abo~, buoio~tll aDd uplolt.atlu of mu by !Mil. Ho:-••n a uniou, 1111,j •·a uMi ll~o: tho· t•riolt' 111111 joy of t h•• city. tbt> · ~-et the~r good"':• d~ 1101 •pludid me. l.tld wo~tll Uoo.e tD&Y be Annue capi hdi~t.li. 11 little worr~· O\'cr tl•cir ro·~uln r di\'iJeuds, it Ia . that they '&Ill tbeu II~- wb? plo tbr.lr lu.nr~oiUI livlac· aadi quite 8110t.her 1111111 .. r! 1"'8 by tbe nreat ot otbe~ _JI>eOple 1 th•r JIO_Wi!r by H"fli(IIUtl.oa, 1111~1 art ("lo·11rly. tho• E:-.;prl'!llt ii o·l~tsiH"OII!IciOnli. from tl1e cHpitslist point l>ru••· au~ are tber~by depr''"1111 _tbem tbe repn!w•tatl.-n of 111 ecollOmte a,-. of \"if'w . .-\n_,. IIAAilltii.UCl' th•· Expr.;!i!i c•11n ro.'uder in tl11· WilY of k••t>p- of the fnntapf. tbe,_r labor, that 11• of tnl whlrh hu ~011111 11 ~naee to tile i~g tht- lnl t'niHtiomtl Kln\"•"11 iu lubjt·ction will he. molll cheerfully :::u7.~""" 10 :t"JO~!~e,::;~~~ :'!~~=:~e e•.-!1~~ world a.ad !!lUll gtn•n . II ea r Frt•d WarN•n ut it..~ Eim"·OO'tl Con\"cnii(ui H~tlf . ..: lllu DO IIIOre to do witi rel!Jiolltll 11 aayotller tC'Ieall!ed~t:ria• '"'-"" to bU'?' it..tllf witb metapb,.lea i t woutd11 't be • • luee. ~ • VERY GOOD AND REFINED PEOPLE • a~ worker~~ set! tht'lll \\"I'll o ff.,.,., ... if they hun· to go to hca\'eU for i i to our rt'l.li~ that tbelr A11d If tllley are really aa. pla'• eKpr.IIM, aad tln~t tbe l11terett lfftlety 11 a wlllola lt. of .,-eater po!taaee tbaa tllat of aay dua. wtietiH!r thy uadentaud ud !-11'- o.r_ 1101, tile _m .._ of 'btgfu••8 to nab~oe it, aoil th•e will briq: about tllll · d1ange.. • Let tbt educated aail reSiled ~ed &ad .aobl~111llldied 111110111 wd~l lit:~~,·~;;~~~~~~IN:!I-, ro~~ri<tb~i~.._~,-.'..~taclal - j ~no orgii;~,:Jt~-:~n:l::~,~~d111~tl-~·ll'll7;;~~j ~~ll~l~;p~~~~i~1·1.; t:11~ko~hc~pl~r~~ej~~: TEACHI NG IJ'HEM PEACE. J1111t to Jlro\·e O.at tbe Bo,- Be<luta of Bu«aklatt aut penaitled to bre'"atlte air of mlllta.rU.m. or to tilillk 111 leTma ot -.uld!1rJ.lt U.. Bol'alo t::.uder 1111 Su11olay a few plt\1;11'11 of Llllem 111 their '' batraek•" aad tbe jlletllN"burl•r•'' ao11adlll1 milltary u\11, ia t1111 tall repUa at. t\1.11 man:ler-- the ud r au . THE 11 PERMIT., TO LIVE ~~;~~~~~~~;'·tb~o:_e;~;~~.~e:~da~~~tb~:e:: ::":i·t~:~~~~=-a::. ':o~~:'~:. by jol11ill( till• . . , _ ar . . . . "'"oulol t.., morr <o:reell.-ut l'fiOI'Ie Ia tbe b•d .u<:lal •ratem; tbat tbey hava ao people i11 t hill pat work of Tlw nut luw_o•d ul•ton of t lu· 11t rN~I cHr meu 1~ Allkl~g for ft pr1celcM!I ,..orl<l if there w~re no dutitute OIIIIL moral rlalll 10 )li"Mptr 11 other peo-. meat. pri\'il<"j!'"· It 111 o·ruJo•:J\·urilll( to tlct•Ure 11 ." pernnt " tO hO:nd OUt ' mtii.'UI~•·t~lo other o·iti7.o·us n~>ki ug t he m to join the union . . . . .. . Courier 1 o.-er •9•i~<- . !:. :::~o!1 :u:t~o.-~a":~il: ll&cre11 ·'pt·nnit. .. Wh,r. tlwro· nmKt lw h·n thOIIIIKUII people in Buf· Ia it., bolida~· attire it I""''"I'DII 11 f11lo who lul\·o· Hliko·d I"'Oplo· to juin 11011..-thinll' without ft ""permit. "' dill',.rent ur-t. but thi1 it only " for All. 11]1, ]fl.ll.lr u 11 furtunnlcli llutt they tll"e. iu dRDgf~r or bt-ing prose· abu.-." .., far •• tbe tlfofll·mungc... are cu!t•d ~ ~nn...,. "''""' tbou,:h tilt .-urking people Thill is t o ,.11 _,•. th ey 11 ,,. iu 1\li IIHI<"h oiRnger RS thnt othcr ciii.B!I R,.., .-xpto·t.-.1 ru wen i! r•·t ry i.lty. l-'or of olo·<"fHiyo·d ailllinu l.~ who hll\'f• 11 to•pj•t·ol nboattl n IIIO\"illlo! eRr 011 them lh~ fundam.-nta l Ia"' of morality tlw l ulo•ruutimllll lino· • It hnli ~ot to tht· point wlh-re tho' police will "l'"ll~ •aerillcr. ~0 to 11 111811 ·,_ houw Klld r•)\11 hirn out o£ IJot"o.l in orcler tu urrt.'lil h im Won..J.-r huw ton~: lhio •luali,t lc murfor hnvin~o: lllt·ppc~l niH>Iinl II. wonn~: Cltr. 1 . will , tnud 11,,. •tr•in of the artual llo•re i~ l'llwllwr \o>ll thou!llmd or mor.- whO a r e ill mortal of tbiug" io our '""'tern ~~~u:r·ei.t 1t1~:~~~'.''i:u:.:1i;~::~,\· i1:~~·~,·;:::.";t.;;::.~11 :r•~1l;!~l;.~1r~ 0o\·er f th11t ;lu not work : tlw lu·n1llights th11t rio uot light ; the IIHiling t o· ~"i·tho·r of tho• ••nn1 tlmt ttro· N•tHiy to l(i\"t• up the ghost aft r r 18 y~.>al'!l of fKith fu l Nt·n·i····· uud " '"•·r th ing~~ thut woul1l e011t 80tnc1hing to put int~• f~~~:'\iwu~~:ht ~ \lon "t tht•Nt• r o•twgRiil'!l r ealize t lmt natur~· would nwuu •'HIIinlo! into l'HOJo'ITS Coon.-; run 1-ufur.... mnn.•· ~<lo"1"JI~' oNiin 1111~~.,. RgRinst I fioo.l '~; Tllfhl lmihlltiH H. t'ol. Uooscwh-{or iii it God, Col. th r•llll!'h o·villl<lllr<"•'-"'··· Sun·. Thut is tu Slit". ho:•tto·r for tho• .. l'(l!IS('r\·oti\'L'S' ' or i itali.st.•. Thi.. i~ •·X:II'tl,t· ~dmt l h•· t:onnnnu~ler-iu-Chic.f at l1n!J l.~<'t.·ll L"l.<llh"llolin!l' fur. right nluug. Tlw Culmw l i~ o ·u~,:.·r '"do tlw 1...-st lw CJtll for the mnk(.,. him 1 ~,-•·ilih wlh•/1 ho• ro·u! i:t~">i that thry 1lou ' t dforts. t ",·r tn iu fuuli ... h fnlk who full for all of the bunk t o tht-111 lui\·c hntl ru..l i~h nut ions thut hc int~.>lllled to 1lo 110me t hf, \\Orkiu~ ~·IHH•. :-.:uth iu~.: o·uu l•lll*' fHrthcr froru his thoughts. Tn 1-c " " " ' hi' :•t"•l ho·d tlw 1\"(lrkin,: diiSS hy tf'llin~ them that hat! to hcli!Jt!lo,l .,ff l•y "r,·forlllli'" in ur,l••r to pn·n~nt t hem from ~::~:r~~l 1t1!"t~';!;~~~~~ ~~~gl~~~{::.111ci~:::· o~l~:e;~~n~:,n:;hi:':;i;:::o:~!eh~0~J:~:: b~! ~~)~: t he noble11t hcart that Her beat in human breast. A ,:l'ood Roldi~.>r is a blind, heartleu., aoulleSII, tnurderoUJ~ maebine. H e is uot a m,ao. He is not n brute. for brutt'll ouly kill in self deFense. All that U human in him, all that is divine in him, 11ll thRt constitutes the mRn has been awom away when he took the enl istment roll. UU! mind, hia rouseieucc. Rye, h is ,·ery soul, ue in the k eeping of his offieer. !Joy~; 01~o0~1~he e:~u~~-11 ~~~·:rh!rtn a soldier-it is a depth beneath which he cannot go. Kee~ th~ , ..Jit·enlon$1 ditlllaya 1 J•auiuo for Oaly one who baa lu a-.ocitte witb c•u fully reallu the tbint after kllowledse arc lm:.ky if you could l'ltRII b.~\~1~·-i n~::.imn::.~,:::;:"i:"~:~~~·:;l~~~~ ;~o;;:Riist 1""<'~···1 --s..LIDARITY &'fiUJI' Dt worken. NATE FENTON H.A.8 Alt' " I DEA." Not the Lelott uiuaU.,r af the -e.-ntt reeordld Ia ·eo11neetlo11 wltll tHpri..-.tely-eoaducted ""lte eroaadt" p•t ori b,- tiM Tl- Ia lu d"art to pt. 81111 wu tile 6 Jlflrlellca. ot Satt Featoa, tllle A l"e&l Idea percolated throurb Nate'• do- ll.lt WMk, ud w111111 ti• Ti111et !>egaD to bawl 011t Rtp11, Nat allowed tAt If lie . . . follf to kHp k~JII!' 01 ;,::.:::~. )'~oriooa~lllt- 0t:;·e~;;: ~~::..:.~111'.":·· ~0totll~d;~':; .~.;::d~:';'~. •~ea:!O:o':e:! ;;;!;.r io tile Broad-,l'erbar- Re,r111 would 11ot hiVe falt 10 ba4 about 11 If It were aa1 thi111 bo~ Fitr.patrlek orpJI Ia wbleb tbe' ad appeared; but •iea !\eu .-de Lkat break~ It wu too mueb for Begu•1 1ureiar1 ed feelillp. Arul~n th, rel-llll't u y 1uch thiDJU 1 ubaret Uow at Pe11to11 •.._ 111 faet~ If you ~an hear the atill 111111u tqueak of tiM piaao or Llle ianHr ~~q~~~~wk or ,_,rL . · . · , wba:.;~:':.!: ::!:;;-!!0...!;',";~'·~'~!:.;::'~~.!7..: _ = Yawk~ 1Xoo ,~KJel'J:a::•!~t~~:bb;-!i:;~n.tl~:,'r :~-~\'e;:.~e;~ t~~e past adn.tn lh tt!•ehiDg th!!' wodnng ..-!,....,. t o .,..ork~ a UDtt 1n ope:nt.tlag the ~ti~::!~!~~~=·t~r•i;kp:Sh:~1 ~1~J~eFQ~tj~;.rF tu ~~u:!: tile workiDJ claN mlllt eouider tiM terribl~ ftood.ll11 tia ObJ.o. becaiiMilwillpravltle"workt" Allyt)illltliat ai.-ntbtopjiOrlualt,- to tlne for Llll•maa.ttn It • b~illfl ty olell cl.-ilized o1tiana. were to the aadeot Atllenia~, ery wi ll he to modern 111111. C• . . "· 1- · · "'··feet •II the ele•·uint !tow frow fn!lldOD! from without heiag roolaoned LIVES Oli' ·~OBE.A.T li.Ellt'. " oll,u'k!i:ilt:~~"'~! ~e~::;~il~r:"ugil doea the whole of -•e- "Thill t o scqulrt . bleMeil, ilarn~IIDilllll ::: ::::;•:f 011 I eltl;':-llllllidore doet~~'t_ llrilk any niore l.._ll· Old Doe Abbott, u bel "naarll:ed dtrree of r•rlile Ill tile fad. tbt.olll of 111.11 DlleruJ the worker at tbe maeili11e to umpb of Soeial_itm ea11 make poulble moral p ata- 1111d material illt:~:· fo~e=~i:~~~~: ~h:10::~~t~~~~:f ::-k~n=t~:r~.:!oe:J:~ = t:":~tw~h_.~:e::-.~::::;·~~tn!:l':!u::; =~=~ ~: ~~ ~f~ ::'~lo!:. ~h:eo:-:.:~1 ~;'18be1 ~0;:,11:~ :f•;:;;:,:.;::~, =~ •e~fll•l•oce ill othc.- lit~=~~ l~i::'~·rillllll'b of Sodalilm eaD· :::-:i:~fl=~o!b:llt~a.y :~~~:n:!::e<~~r ~::;~::~ ~c::: :d:":u~::."'~;':u~:U~.e ~~~~t•:!:t ~~ ~:'S::1~;~·~~~=:~~d~'!ttll 1 Wbet~ -ny upott. \'ltt...of 1 aewspaper t i'"UI&de, itr The attaek of lite Bulfalo Time. 011 Chief Hqa11 mlr ht be conaldeH<t u ao tbat tbl old Conaua-FIUpatrlek flud llu broke11 oat apia I• tb• Jlllrly. The n ;;.es la a FIU:J>alrlt k orp11, Bep11 M o11a of CooDen' tbe apita.llat refonotrl mlllider a "purll1" uuade l • drcl!"da at :!: t~:',:~~11";.,:C1et1 tbat :~aee.:;':a.":\;-~1~: :~~:a:0:7.'t111~~:d~o:;'~J~!,•0:~:: Qvite s little pe.rty, ebr lat idllllt&l/7 tbe,. wue GO wiiii·J ' - - ~•8et~C::=~~~~':k::ri~~ ~e:,::: =~~ia·:~;,:ed~~::.!!, ':: a<lequ•~ co:t:f~::;~:;,:;:o~olt elder ba1l aome q~~&IIUea l11 i am111011 wltb blm, u ll'l'lde:llcad b7 W wa""t . ' calture tloll of tlllilllde.l.-Qua THOUGHTS OF THE WORKER oP TnE wonKixo il>l ~- d~ uut n:ahl<' t hat till' CoMtant use of the machJnery , b., taught the wnrk•u~: ...~a. to think m ter nw •l'iHd anol ig11oraot tlroletarllt .tbtt the jlbiloaoJlhical api rit of tbe Athenl&ll ariatOt:ra~y it re•·h·ed. Bot tbe free <levelopmell! of tlli1 IJ>Irlt Ia not ]1011;1· ble 111 modern .oclety. Tho proleta~iat l.llwithl.lllt meant to inJtrucl it.elt; It ia i~u:f e~:n c~:r::~ ;l~•:t:~~;o~t ~~~==e:o f:;l :i:t~:; :::~~e•u:~;!;;::~~~~: •·or~:!·:~:: l~il li!::: ::lr;.i:.~~e:;oe:;n::i;;c~l l;fla:;!:11~~ ~0:::::· ~~~~~:~·a!:e.-utly off dass to b and •orkin~ dJt.ri!! lll""·t-•·t•r fnr.·. ltECAUSE Tl1E· WORKING IS fi i)LDI:\G A HI".\ Ati .-\ 1:-.:sT TH-8 IIEAD OF C.-\l' lTA.J,JS~I. il; type.a~ol perth;, a1w.,.•• more or lew ,,ree.riw. oae. (By Kul Kautaky.} i ;~::·~~ ~~~~'1:;hht~:~~:./\~1 : 11:,.t(lli~;~;~o~l!l~~~~~:~di:~~~~)~~~~~~~~~tll~d cLAL~~- ""Ill and the naYy. We don't n eed killing inatitutioDI. W"e need life-giYing THE WORKERS' THIRST i.~ ri~ht ~·ou The good a.oldie r llC\"er On~ of the most remark•ble Jlllenome· ty, tbe l>l'hole world. whkb ba1 only uace appeared h in mo.lt rn aodety ia tbe tbirat for It ia 1101 tbe p<~~AH~iOIIOf lt•owletlp, bittury of maokiod" 111d waa thea oli&playe<l l>y the praletariat. but the d'ort to acquire It that makt~ prh1lr~:;e ol • amlil body of H lell! d aue1 kill their time tbo t'hilolopbi r. It ia · amoos O.a de· 10\"tl ll, wiU betometbe eommou !~~~ t:JI:·~~:-o:~:.~:l ~-~~~i~-1 :·,:~;;~Yin lhtu~-~~k~l:~i:n~~ o~:h:~;~~~m!~d~~ h~~·-~:~tl\~-~:~t,::•,t;~ ;,~·~i~::.,.;\:~ 11,~:; :Ji~~~~~~o~~eR=~~~~~ot~!nk ::f li :l.•·t;:~:ti~•it:~ :.!,~:~~h:~~~~~~~~~/~~~~itc the working ei!UI!I a ,l ittle i r!lip CAN iadude all It will prob•bl,- be 111ot ber week ~~~ ·l.o befare tllle · ~viH enu&de ' ' b O'l'er- ~~:~~ ··;:;;:r·.~';:t~~;:;:11 .'_'.'\~~-~-~:.~~"1·;:~.~~(.~~:~!;'\ 1:!:~~ ~~ ~~~~~~:''t~~e~~ nil yo u,,.-_.,.._ .'' " II lt'QIIIol th ink The lowest aim in your life U to becoD1e a soldier. wbk~ We • ...., tot.l that tile "llear..ida'' ear'l "&rl 11111til better tli.. tile old aaol hetter·'"entil•ted tJ"pe. But we autica tht 011 tllle lfaa wbere tllle rielll 11.-tha F.lmwuod A•·enue lio-O.e near-11de ea111 will loa latblled L.l.frr. (By Jack London.) Yuuu.,; ~l en : llllio.a, ll•~::; l '==================;;==;;:=======~ ll::~ eondltlona in the Teatlerlol n re'1111111e their oato ber Jllime.-al throne oa "the tlMDJlb n ,h ·.. ri!l'ht lmnd muu. ,1 HlllluUIII"l.1i with IIIIIch pompous gnlitO ill' THE ' ' QOOD SOLDIER' I institttt~~:~ wit~ the army KEEP ' EM ASLEEP! Tbe JlllfJX*l of tbe Soeialiat '''"'"elll"lllt 11. aot tlr.e tleetio• af U.la 111111 ar tbat mao-but tiM edDoe1tlo• of a world-wid• ...rlli, daa nt pe.lltlcal foi-m of orpalz.atioa ia UJed, 11111vt7 beeaUM It lndude.~ all tyr- aDd rrw,... of people, uil ia t.he ONLY t)'llll o1 Ol'fllllz.&tloa, ot~Uidt of tila t11duJtrial the?' •• wrong and th.e otber r.gbt fur. oa the aacleat -.aad. olll.-enal btr".'au toh~11ty, tbe'~ uH'ded. ;oe n1ore Ia b1nnony •It~ foDIIdatron af wb1t b will tail m1ut ~~~ m1111, or nune 11 rr,rbt 111d anutber of !~r~:~~~~~ :rh:~~~~~er\!~~~:::to~~i~1~efi:C:m~hlo~~r ::ait~~it~!,·th~u~~ ~eo~~= th~ bul~e:~l' ;?~,~~ To ilf' jnHI with Olll "'h ·e.; is 111ore tliOio• ult enm than to be jwd 11Ur ctwmio-.s. HUSH ! 4r-__,.,.,~-~----of tlll.at lltalt aa.d forced t• without he11i tation. If he is ordered to tire down a crowded street when the poor are clamoring for hrc11.d. he obeys. 1111d see¥ the gray hain of age stained with red and the life tide gt~~~bing !rom if·· ·· witho ut t ouchin g r .rofit11 W hy. it ",. 11,. ,.11 ,.~- 1,. liNt• 1-apitalist t 11 w11 to ket!p tluwn tlw das." HS it i~ r.or '"" ..-.. itcn~ 11 ml11 bartt•n•l~·r to cnrr~- n chit·f of 'of 1, ,, 11 -"'""" y,.11 r ·11 uit;ht. 11 ut of t ho· p 11rkho wi th ~;0:e11 ~~~~;:!':.aa1d!:r!~~~'ta~tt~:\.'.: 11 .~t••a •• to be the ata.nda~.:t ut ulnun rnonhty_and of rltht nd reaao~;~,1f t bt mouth. Bat If botb ~at"e euol j~•IIIIH ! he mea~ ao<l tbt end II! uaefulae~~•. tbe mon.ht,- of tbe 1n1lrru1l llll"tell, why, tbea, only fur 11 wall u that of the o~e dlfl a11il not al10 for auolht• Dew one will '":'i~, a marati.ty '?" t~lllllll .ha•·e t"":o llllod•rdo of nuo baaed on the pnaetple tllat 1 al:~ty '." • ~,.·n NC!ely. Eltbe~ one of rl,rht, 11or on comJlalaory I ':::::::::::::==============::::::========;1 II" !~~:~~~~~ :;:.•~ ·.~'w;;:;;:,, 1111~'.'~-i~·~it:·~r~i.. '\','~~ :~~~~~ ~tr"~:~~e ;~~c"r ;~~~~ ~:~:-~~~-l;:i~~; ,:,"~,,~~:~it~;l~ ebilolraa Ia "keep tamp eqllip•e•t Ia JOidl«-1111:1 eaadltloa. •r 01111 ;if:.•ctaal acb and llef11ls of •nu.ter. hourd 11 1110\' tnlo! •·11r. Som<'" of tlw eyni1·nl Socialu;ts mny would ho· in h•·lto•r hiHI<- for tho· lnh'rnatiouRIIo worry lt'O<S :::::il~ a~~~.:~e~•• :::-.::::.,~~' . lli~IIJbt, Llllat, ot l11r11iq a elllllreii "IH!Uollll(l lato a ~b, Ia 1er111taf 1f I be mon.hly r.;ple. tbe -•d ..llu.al bl.nseb uptrlntoe ef U. 1 ::: We uack ... t•ud t.llat by "barratkt" 1.11 - • t a eh11reil .,._tat. wiMr. tile chllilreu art uuallt to ''keep their e.mp fl41'il~11t I• ..wier-Ilk• 0111· tbe :~:·,~~~~~~~ ('!l,1i~~f~~~;~o~:~~!\:~~;;~l~}t~;,~ ~~~~:~~~~~-.~~:~ ~~iJ~~~:~n~t ~ub- ~hte•;r ~=!~ ;~gbttad::~t;e:u~:!:~ ::ei:ue:~:~le::dpr:,.ah0:0::::t,all:b~~ ;~: !~ ~pp;;O~f ~!ortb~~; • II tJM -1• WHAT KIND OF, IT? Our ho·llrtll IIIIJS.I:i\'1' 1111 wh cu we thi11k of the grent numbe r of prallt •• ll<ul. wrong ...d unrra10111ble. •1'1= · "Tlll.a TH.EY HAVE BEEN UNDER 8TBJCT D I8C1J>LINB FOR TH.RE£ ' are ar~ ..-dlllf to patrelt 111 t ... ..,... d-lt•f1 aaol la required to ll:eep eot aad aap equlp-t Ia BOLDrER-LIXC 1 " """'""· Tbe BAR.Bi.CK8 la hi eArp of TH.E BEVEBBND B. H. llU*• putor of t.llle eh\R"IIII ••II 1toaorary aeo~~tau\a'. All--"" 1Nre JIYera..S by 111artial law." The bo11 wert fl.-ell 11111eli p1111M frO!.II o•eora of t.llle 6IW"t11t7• follrtll Befllllllllt.'' ' tht·ir ntriuu.s o rl(luti:tu,ioul!. \\'e are watehiug e\"l.>r)' day to s~-.: some The looHom roc-k nf mud.-rn bourfllllll T\e 1111-. • ...., •••IUnr to tbt fad l f the p1'1d~<:al morallt.- of I be profit of tho·m 11rro•sto•ol for 8 skin~~: 1wopil· to join t heir orden1. It apptiU1i monlity io profit. \Vbate.-tr yielda tbat they are hood.-lo~ed wi tb pbriMII moaren · i• tbe rlglllt ooe, wby, :~":';,':.t·~~~.f ,:;~·-,~~k~~~~~~-~,~-o~;:~o 1~rj 0~11 1 ~~~:li>~ ~~;!,~i~~t,~~e ~:i:~.~;;t{h·~ ~::•h~. rnodero !'•o_rality iu lu working ::ul~t:~ ~·~~the~ :II tb~ good tlll111~ . . eapltali1t pree.ebCIII •Y that tilt ftoo.l• ot t~ 1prio1 are diM te will." le otber wordl, Ood Ia plltUat oa a little ullllbltlo11 of 'ia~ aabotare of wllielll we ba,-e .bea."l ao m11ti fi'OIIII JlotOple wbo ea.a 't t~n~aou.aee It rlsbt. tllle biokeo r t.... • ~~~~~ :~a!!o~ t.~ ~:t~.~~~~~~~~~:· t:.~~-:'~.':~~..~~:,\~ TbOM wllo how 11ot.hlo! e1.11 beltli~nda of UMfDI men aad wome11\llODey Ia tbe• aeive,._l ala,&-owatr wrltlllp &rl 111117 mlldl7 1!.111lll~g. , taurht, bot tll11111 wbo ll:oaw "evef1 aad promill"f childre11 are l&lltlllced &lid ala.-• trad.er of moder• Umt, E"u ' , . every ,-ea.r 8o you tlll•ak e syatem of th- •ho , _ _ 111"' 1'- lluet, thy ~ave you uotieed any "reduced .co.t of lhing" lin« _WIItoD , • • • that klllil o•Jbt to be ptrpetuatedt It •re ~ri by• Well, then, what did 700 Demoerat worluupeD tbaq" art uateaebable.. 8odal daftlopaealwillaat .ad wiO., yoa du 1101, wiy =.•n,,., b.t twpltau.t dieftlopaaoat ...., •or\- all a untt w the prodnd.toD of profltl"it--ean think as a umt for t~ prod~ of IIE:\LTH, l..l FI-. HAPPINESS and the good Some J!IIGple ........ bnlaa., otbnebva th~DJ:~~ ,.-hieh II produee1. mu.rte., 1hll otlle~· lla•e a•bltla-. Col. Rookl'dt· appeels to •the ~A]tilal ista to walk t10f.tly leit they ud a fe•, ecapantinly iplllkiac. .-W up the ,..-ort~ Some of them III.'Oft" 11.t bjm. They uy that the uti •ot.l.lq el.. wortil workt-r b..U already-dept 80 long that" b{' will n~·er wake ••d til- few- tll}e \lie The S«ialt.! ub DO " farnrs· • from the oo.r d•t .,,. .UI•I all U.e waliitlr iObh•. They ur tbat the ._rt( for tbt.. Tklt . Ja tlto Til£ HEM'£8 JT WILL BE FOR of •trr moolua el'"l~tioD, ~ lS A W.AKES ED WITH .A JOLT. ~ht. tklq, tbe II~ of h11•41W of are dl:. .ro• oot jola •pu.,·'''•• _. t""-ltt I\ • tw dot1 oot . . •r:: .e':;:..,it ~ !:;illar :':':;;:';lllfUr&tedt ••o oriflast.ed :.;t t!';.:~al~ b7 A law Ia anler t• be IM:aehat to tile wiH'Jd taeltl,, tb' it, 1~ people • - ' be tM u:p11!•1o11 of IN aetio••, u ._ - . d -ma Ia till .uq. tboa1llt., Ideal., a-..dt., de~lrs, or ale tor ~~~ee-. U 11 aid aot, ...... de.rlJ" uaderttMtl -terial iPteretlt ot tbe peopk A•y law whleb di- aot emratpo11di wiLIII tU.. reqalremea£. la aa '~t ot Ht:potil!.llnd a vktlatin ot ·jllltiu: It·il at: t.t,t ani· ~~~~« aad caa. ae""" eOIIla&Dd publie HlpiCt. ,.eld 0., l'fMl polltidau ..a _ . laadf · • _• • Kaden ~blUt7 depeacb. weiihh .~ u• U Wt} t. pmnd Y!JO' ••ltil t. u.a NwaN of,.._, de•111111-. eatupriM ui pr¥a,._ Jma ua We C&D't qwte ima,W beiDr' .WOrn In deputy to =:.'oh~ h eads or th! workinrmen1 if he .ahould ebance to 10 to: rro- Tfie Cleveland e~.f pol.iee, KOhler, hu been eanaed for immorality. Artn't , . . clad that Qhid R epa i1 web a par-t nne.olliedSir~~f ·- - ... - - . aacJ" . Curioual1 e.nob1ll, we hear a lot al)ont-r-t be ehureh ....-innin& baC~ the wo,.ckinf elua; \ta.t we uenr kitehena tor •trikinc tlane. ';\ . . hea.r of an1 ehlll'the. 1tarting 100~ · • -c -- - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-08 Extra Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Extra Edition Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-08 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n045_19130408extra Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n045 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Imported Thugs Come to Club Buffalo Strikers Back to Slavery Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2d219e847b5d6aa6d2e6db36fa0ff921.pdf 3eaaf64b99e448dc55c8ab98bc34c0c9 PDF Text Text \vhy Editor of .the ,Apptal to lUaoon Will T dl'You Capitalist p....,. and <:;apltallst Courts Would Like to Send Him to J;ill - Newspaper!! Adopt Polley of Silent Boycott. �-"" ''to ,_.. ...,. wloto falo" ...,.. ,......_ wlloblrif<l ......·• ~ ~., ~ m~11 wlllo work wiD full ~ r.,..hlel . cet. ARE WID ro· U ENfORCE-THIS Th~•~ I• 11 d ty o"l\natw~ whle ll II I•· I i"'m'"'"""""'"' •• """"f'd' to prol,f't l hi'J"'D IIl•lr~UII · - "'•ry not...... or • •·hodH, ete ., .. ·:b::';: ~ ~~~~:.-~' ~:.·.::;:. it . ...c~ .. "" '" ~.•rl···. ""'' •• tllal. ti me t' i)I:Or<•R•I.• f'n(ur.-.••1. IIIII"" Ct!fO ot.•le wt l h ~n•l No" " ' " "'" 1 1~ auompan7in~ <I~ a <li •l tii LIIUt., lllld II tontlt in a UnderNew~t 2il Cent. --Our Bl• Noon Dinner- ~ 211 Cent. The Cozy "Kaiaerhof' · Peter Jlllppel Buelunt Jlutu&l X.U. Bl4&- ZD.tnaoe em ~ 8tnet BATTISTONI BROS. BOTTLING WORKS Dial..-. In Ollllbrnia ,,,,s._•.,,, WI~ and Uquorw -aaiHIIn•'-11111 Spedal•ltelltloa rl•ecs to pbo.e Qrdera ud pewapc, d.U"ry. ~te and •ut..orll>e for the llr(Jetter-:Bettuno. Tbe IHII1 Genu11 IMIWW~pet" lo lhelt&te outa&de or !lew York CIJ1, ,eatluc the latenrlt of l bft W«lrlll6 Cla.. - 10 -$1J trlf' I ,.p,... -w. Olla,3J>-ll7Ga.aus.,..t, • • llulfalc,N.Y. �, tt.m.S~cb Til flm11NG SOCIAUST EDITOR -OF- Fred D.-Warren WILL SPEAK AT ELMWOOD MUSIC HALL Virginia St. and Elmwood Ave. $ATURDAY EVENING APRIL 5TH = Admission, 25 Cts. This Includes 25 Wttks •ubscription ·to the Appeal to Reason. Reserved Seats, 50 Cts. �WHAT IS TO .E DONE? .. nep.f..tta.t.oi""'"--Mu...-; M•• ~ ~ la~f-,udpldtiiiiW~ :r~~~~=-·~:.u;,~·~!"!:!-: ;;~ ::.:dt~ ::~~~~:-:~of= ~~ .... •. Pet,~ .. 5l W'.Bap:Str.t.WS... IRIPFALO.N. Y. n:U.X IIMJtPI'IUSD, , . . _ w. P. CA~~N.~. LU.TlR KIISAR. , . . _ --~~.~WIIoot ~Ptb$l.OO,.TtM,50cib.IDOIIIIa.pt<yeltlel• ...... * :: !;:;. ~~~~'!-;;. W:i _,. ~~ 'fZ •11~~.!.::. ';ldl~~..:::.=' :.r· f.OIIIIIIoa. lnterNte llaYe tllat ...eel to bld pwplo ..,_tllw lito aliey, Th tb.olopul •1 ·we •IWit . , . Ulat ~ . d -' U. • ...,.,.. aq ~ ~1 die , . . . . of ~ nd l>•l dutl tpenla· -'al aqnpte. tor tU P"I'JIM' ot P"J_,L • ~•pltal, aad-o.ttMwq· w&M6nllt~''fnotU... ' ' . llle&lll of peno11al 'lln.lld~ 4tu•••ldoJ "" ttn~~~k t or lifL w., •1 - arut pt rid of oar P'"Wllet ,a perlediJ ~ iielll rr.. dl.- ""'- .Wl rr.. tWr· btt replatfd th i••tltotiou.l IIOlWarlti .. , -~~-~ .yJtem wlllell it tona.d · l'.nt til- t~. rkll tdurtw., ~tracWf I'Nt tWr ..,...,. en!ll t ll•t moc• ·iadh·idlltl· of fewdal tiiiM!t by the l }orion prlodple ,. tile uploltatloa of tloe ....- of fro• tiM ow:.vMip at~ till bla ltd~ wllio:ll ,.W. .t.... r .plait• u..t.. Wf' bll\·f' btd 110 fer llat of cull-p~~,_at, alld 1-,ft it W llle 1~ tiM ~pie. We IIIIISt , ltd tlll.t e:a:ploita· t.be111t Ptee tile• rt.o• tile bd.ll (redite to .-rz '- earry M • bic ,..,_ lfl"U t ud wo..terf1>l aod dil'ldu.al to lluat for tile latlblpuMbll tin b7 puttia1 tloe 111111111 ol produ.e· litbio1 bo1i111'Df In ci\Mr wll'f'dl:;'•l41 tr.e tM• fro.a u....ea... t It llu b~ • I n ele~aeat eub-tltt aaiftnll rqv.t.tor ot aU tioa lato tile Mad of tile peopk aad We "- " to - • ~. en to tr01111d tile.,.... ..t • ~ no doubt ; bu t 111 'IObat a baruo· re:lati~lp and illtenltll,___.. bJ.M dola@' i ..h .odetr tk ~~~t~U<r aoW, .-:111 II :Yr. · von....,...., fro.a Ill. q'I<H<tlll, to be;..,., 'lfhll all ef......- E:a\ered M ~ <lUI III.IUU Joae/1, tlltl:, •i 1M pod otl!ce' as BGfrak>, New 'l "otk, udert beActolliQc:bl, tl'ft ¥ SATURDAY. APRIL 5, 1913, · "SCHEMING TO MAKE TROUBLE" * ....,_I> ··S.·h·•min l<!' t o Make Tron hle " ill the headline of th t en>r 1111 ll rt lcle 5howin g how th e llO iiee ha d ar rested .. of tlll• it • " " o; aa· thf' nt·w ~ lrt't!f ..(·a r m.:;n '11 u nio u, nt the in11tig1tlion of Tha t ·s it. Schto1uing t <~ ma ke t rou ble for t he 11lAHter tbe of wll ltb the '"orhl ucili••, tbt fondadoo of •illr.ia iJ ~ri me, t ha t ! Someth ing akin to m urd er in th e e)'t'll of t he MU before; bn tilvery t.be ptnDDII loterat ol til e lodlvldul II it h11d _lw'f' n o n]_,. ll little m11 tte r likt• muuleriug a few rouod millioo1 of ~plo i The r.ou.eq11eoee. art ob<rlolaf 'e0011fb .. th e ln h' rllltl ional did Ill Loek J>O rl II. r.•w \\'eeks ago. tilt- ' i . line li- lted tb e ltdh•ld· to be teeoplnd b7 all MouataiQ of woul d hn t- l ~·n all ~)' mJJ IIthy- w i th thl:' Inte rnational. · oat of ,t.be band of tblf•urker, .,.eihJi ; lo:IIIUJ• --., 19ilery tkere; U.· a ca 11e o r tr~·in j: to or gani ze th e work t.'T>I to Meci'l r e a few • t he tooll~ 'IOorbr 11\ m.elf a ~aea.M po•er et tilt CO.IIlDIId ol doe 11 w~ k . th t> E x p rt'fl~ ia 1111 in Hn M 0 11 tlw in11t a nt. Tbe th ro ry o f th e Expr~ iM, t h11 t wh l' n it i11 nwn·ly R murde r in G tlw wo rk en , th ey will 1{ 0 to ht• H\"1!11 flny way , ami are 10 nour h l•o•lt;•r oft'. Y ou lw t:. t lw,1· ln~·t· th e wo rk en · Blffi th em w .. lt off. t: n:-.n if th ey h an: t o ~o to hell.\" llll fo r a n m e nt of t lw tr o·onditio na. But . Cl r•·nt Scott . 1111111 . Wh<'n ~·ou ,.,,..., ,. !0 t a llr 11hout ·~~:~:~~~ ~ ::.:::;~:. a un ion. 1111•1 o·ltUN in~ t h<• p ri• l•• n ml J"Y nf tho· t.' it~·. h ~ A n .'.llllt" <'H jlitnh~ll<. a little w urr~· u•·rr th•·• r rt•gular I . ~ <illite 1lllot ho• r mn tl e r ! t.' lt·Hrlf. tJt e E x prt•l>ll i~ o·lu"~"' ·"lll!t• Joul! . f ro m t h e (lf 1·iew . A 11~· 1\.!lsistan co· t il<' E xpo·o·,;.~ ,.,., rt· tu le r in th t• 1 ;:• mun :u":._.. fonD, the Mpotilm of r.epital ~n u far aloer u llo,..., ud tlaell Jo•pe to 1uello u tt.llrd t:OHIM.. 111M a. labor, of mOIIII!1 ""~ .... _aad .crew 1 - ...au1wkre. Tlwtn it oaiJ ... ,._.Jba. Mlutioa to tile problt• .t • dollltwewlllemtoel pi.te tlle ' ' free p~· ·-•d tbt it to lloaH 0.. """ltiDJ, cl- e~~~ttrol ' tll.e• tile people fro• tile powers tbea:~.. Tile _ , to frH tM (!,.. lo julrt tile ••e u tlae -1 t.o ftM l~td.,..,._ IIIJIIIJ loter•&ed Ia •erpl!'f GET RID OF THE lU.ST£88 A8 A C~. •eotal boodase. I • · , Bodtlit• W 110 JUIInl to lo wiLIII reUfM• Llll.. 1111 otlttr K itot ite doetri·II Kioo« wen to~ llllelt wltk -u.pbyalu it wouldo 't be a te'-••· .cnm~::e;=e: ,:! ::~ ~Se::;:,e ; ~tt~~H~ l nt•:~~~~~.'.~~~.~~2. ~~~~;···" .,'~~ •.:::~:~:··~~~~:. ~~-~~ ~~.c~."': :!n!a~-=-:,::m~esi~::~Y THE " PERMIT" TO LIVE :'~-::::::.:·~ ~fw:.!a:.,:;'.:!: 11t!:; TN u.pitali.t pretd!ao ..,. tllat 0.. ftoodo ol thb •Pri•J art dM too> God '• will. " lo othtr WOrok, d'od l1 JNltl•r oo e li«le ezlllbltl0t1 of tltlt; ubote1e of wblr.lt •e lla\'e board ., 111ur.ll from people '"llo ea•'t prooou11ee itrlrllt. • · • TEA CHING' TRE.V PEACE. t'-i Bo1 8eo1tt1 of BdrJ!) 1111 ollt' permitted. to brettb alt o(mllitariJID, or to tlllak 111 te.-.. of *lldleri..,. tltt Boll'rJo Oo11rler 011 8unda7 1 few piet11ret ot tllo em Ia thei r •:to.mekt " elld ttl• pleJure ' 'bu1lera '' •11odllll! allltary nU., lu tile full replie. ot til e .iturder- Couriu ..,. , " ThO, le t.:, - od 11111ual bamr.ei. Upll'fiiDN e~f tM mo•ol. ,.,.f , .......~ TilEY JI.A\'E BEEN Ul"DER 8TRl<.lT DI8ClPLJNZ POR Tllll££ . ovu their duo lh r.i r goodneu d1101 j ultify a by jo~Di aa: Uo e m.- of tbe ..,..ill lytt t al"; t hll t llt1 ba<re 110 pt:ople Ill tbiJ&I'I'at wort of ,;11 111 to priNi pllr a t other peo- meot. pro\'e tlltJ.r lateUeeh l&l ou~1111 i:" ::":S: 11,:h:~~:~':J perior~ty out ~ -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~==~~~~~=== ! hKnd .\ !1 ~· 1 ·1 l h<' OJol Fc llow11. En t:l o•li. :O.IHsO U!I nnd ot he r fr11 h~r n11l or j.'IUiizat io nH 1111'"'" not npp lio·d fo r .11 ·· p o·r mi t ' ' to 1111k jK!Ople t o · th t·i r ,·11 r io uJoo orj.'llllil.tlti con ll. Wt· An · wn ld 1i n~ o· t·e ry tlay to 1'he bollom r...-k ol modu n bourl(eoi• Tile m• - ar e awtkiiiJ to the fad It the J>n.n iul me~nlit7 of the prolltof th l'm nr rell h ·•l fo r uwk ing pHoplt· 1<1 jniu tlwi r ortlt!TII. It 1 me~n iLt Y II profit "hate• er yoeld1 t ha t lbf1 ~re hood•llohd woth pb,..~ mon11ers I• tbe u gbl one, .. bY, thee t hnt. 11.,._,. 11 111 ~ 1 hn 1· , . s u o· h ·· , .,· r m l l~·· 11•·•·nrol in_J.t t o th e c•·iden ee l'r oll t •• ~~:ood ngllt aool rn iCIII I ble, of mo r. hty • no\ , 111 hte oul ntn, '"hlle 1hould It be '"roag for t ile • orklo& ,,.It t~~~~~~\~.'!';;·~ ~:~ i~:,':.::•· ,:~~~·~:~,~•.';1f :~.::· ~ :::;;~11 ~1~10t';,:l ~;:~~ 0 ~1~;mlwr of ~.:~~e•i:r ,;:~~d:,~:ge:•~o~r:,~::o~e:.:. ::':! ~: , tolf·~~~ym~~~:~" :;~:~t ::;m~110 thm U Jiillilf'n prey on tb tm 111d b. tlloul llt, tbet, of turui•l! • t'll urr.ll bu tlil illf lot o a btrn.r.k1, Ia • clllld"'11 to ' 'tee p t i iii JI equi pment lu 10ldle r·li ke ; o•ditioa.• • · rr.roild totloeb•glenll• n d t.e ll h. O..u't itre111 lad1011 J f'l uJf Woultl n 't t.ll.ere be • no"" relt<M If a r il ur<" ll '10tr6· ~~:Ffi~~~~}{~?~:~!::~~~~~~?.~~~ ~~Ji~f:~~ii~ ~g~~~;Sf.J:j ¥-~iJI?~\~ ~1< '"""""'~""'' 1• % !:',·;:~;,':; ;:,::;;.;;~::~·~, 1111~':~ ~::~.,,: i 1''~i.. "1 1111 '1 ~ :•1•1 ~:; :•,ffl i; ;,~~ ,::~~:~ : THE ''GOOD SOLDIER'' I ! luot .J, 11,1 ""rk . tl w Jw,.IIIJ.!h!" ' '"' ' . to""' li j:ht ; tl w j:l"!lo•·r 11 f tlu· ,.11 ,.,. t hut 11 ro· r•·Ad.•· to ~tin- u p t he ghost njf(·r d fnt!hful ,.·nw•·. uw l , fl,.·r th 11 ,,_.,. !lm! llo ttl tl cO!I t 80111ct 1Ling ;111 ., .~IHIJ"• Jl:ow thull!!hl' lluu·! !lw.-o• ,.,.1.,.![1" 1'"' rf'tllir.e tl111t t hHt llllttll·•· 11 ,.11 J.t w•·~<n ,.,111111 1! 11110 l'llC ~~· ITS whi lr · Co<••~~ ,.,111 ,.11 r0 ,..,. 1111110_, s],.,. 1,_,. ,,..1J 111111,.,.,. l<L!! IIimrt ( ":'\ l Z EH~ ··for 11,.. , 111111 1-: nf ltf···· \\llh(lu ! lll tte hitl)t profi t,. f•w!. /wl j•HIL' 1., ,,11 ,,, pr.. rit, • :~',;;•:>~,,:·1 '1 ,~~··,;;::\' 1,:'\1~~:,,1.';,:~~r";uk~:~r.~·l o1 "'~;1 ~!'t (lf :;;!:;,·:::.::.~·:::· ; :::::. ,~ · :~,'·;: . :"::;:.:;.~:i:~:-.,::::: 1 .~ ::.:.~",\:":~ tll r.,mdl ,.,· jJ """''"'"'··· ~.uh·. Thut is f., 1<11.1·. lo<'!to•t fur tlu· ··,·ons.~nu t in·!ll ' ' or big ituli;:l.'l. Thi.; t' •·SR.-II.• whnt t in- t •,.lnnmnolt·r-in·Chirf AI hliK 1~ -., u o•onl•·ll•lin!! f,r. ri!(h t 11long Ti l+' c .. I.LII•·I i~ t•UL'•·r '" olo ""· !.. -~, ,,.. .... II for th e Jllltkt'!'o loilll 1 ~.,.,., ,.h 11 lu-11 Ito• r 1 ·11hz~.,; thn! ! Itt-,\" d 01 n ·t ~:ffort.~. l "o•rtllill f~<u\ish full; who f1dl f\tt' ull of t he hu nk t o t h•·m h11 ,.,. lu"l f, ,. ,j 1,1, uutiuu~ thut Jw mh"udt'<l Ill llo HO me tlw "orkinJ.! d:tM. :\ 01 tlunJ,! t•u ultll,.· fur!lwr f rom hi.; th oug h!Jt. T u 1..- ~ ur•• he -.oo,olh··d tl u· W(>rkinJ.! 1.[11"" loy td liu~ them t.hat hatl to lo<· Bl lillt·~l uiT J,~ ··r··furm.-·· in ur<lo• r 10 p n•v••n t th em rrom :~fu t:';;,~·o;~:~~~ ~.~~·;~~ ~~:~;;:···~ 0 ~:n~-::·~~··~lli~"~f ~t:l~:·,.~:~~:~m~!~ p n ·•·•·llt lho·ir "''i7.in~: th·· whnJ,. lun f ! Som t• of th e cllp it ulista think ~n;~;·;~:~;;,~~..-~7'.'~;. ::;,~:;\1 :: 1 :'::, ·~r~.:~-~~~~~~::. 0?~l; 1 :'~~:c!t 1 ~~~~~~ of it i:.~nl~~ ~;t: h~·.ork<'N will tak e it ull . · . . h~IUs ~till <!Ill Tht JIIITJ'OM'Of l heilot'llhotm o\'tmtn tl lllll\ l il ~ rJtdiOIOft1ollmtiiO f" of a world wi<le workl1g rl.tu. Tile poht<rltl "m]•IY ~~~ 11 lntlurh~• oil tYJ'U tnd rrouro-IJ"I>e of orra111U tooo, ontoole of tilt \ol u"rlal. ' H'" tD<I @rDUJ<ll of we~rkerJ . WtarfltOid t U.t tb~ ·· unr-Jiote' ' r.tra&remudo het til'r t.ll.&u tll.t old tn<i' l'ortlt r-•·f' ntllate<l IY'I"'· Dut '"e 110tit<! t htt 011 tlo~ li11e • here the rk lll \i<re-- ~ot KATE Pf.'.\'TO.\' /lA S .eLY '' IDEA.·· t.ht \.e'lot .amutiDJ' of tb e <!\.filii rl't'oroled I• eoneUI DII "'Iitll tiM< t lw ma e binc. H e is n ot a m a n . li e i1 no t II hruh•. for Urut l'll onl y k ill iu self de.fi'nlle. All that ie hum ll n in h im. a ll dl1lt ia dh·ine in h.irn , 1t ll th a t ••o ns titui L'!I th e m11n has Uet'll ~rwo rn aw ay wl1e.n h e t ook th e e.nlist nuin t ro ll. H ill wind, ·hitr; 10 aot ll" ·e fel t 10. ba•l ebocll it if it '""'"' aoytllior but. 1 Fit1ptt rldr; orpo 111 •ilit.ll the • d •PIIt&r~l; bo t • • eo Ntte mtd e tb.a1 brea k,. It .,11 too 111ueb for Hega• '• 1uN:barred feeling&. · A 11rt •t idr.• 1 ~r.. otitt~ttl 1b rou gh :'lo' •te'1 dome t11t w~lt, 11111 •hn tileTimf'l lwpo> to be•l o•t Regao, ~at alloweoo:l tillt If lie w•• J Oi D& 10 ..ep ua.dt r eon.r, tlw! th lo,r t.o do "'" to ad•ertioe ;11 tile Timn. So lie blouo m<l,d• rortb one day In • four·iM b ..1 La tlae Ti&e~~ 11110uatlag 1111 "cebaret 1H w' ... tl()~\le:~de11;;1t:i1~~t i;•;7rb~~~~~ ~~.~~\':'~~ ~~~~~~'::!i., murlle~ous . It i11 hell. J?t!w n with th e Krm y a mi th e n11•·~·. which he. ea uno t go. ' Keep \\"e J o n"! need killing institutio na. ~~~e!:;d;:;.::'.:id t~e ir y:.~~~.~ ~~;et~:.:t~~~~;:~~ ~~;.«.•:;t~:n.~:::~e~r. .-t:; :::e~·~ ~~~-~·:t;. '"hat :'lo'o te II Jtleued to ttrm ' ' il il!'b~ l .... eulertain.en cU red from S oo "''""'·"- you,.,~ ba ..., 10.,., n n -r you're Jlladinll c-loeotr io tlllll tbe ew-b! \V e. nefllliCe-giYing r robobly be aaotller Wff• "!so bffore tllr ' ' •·I~ r.n~ude ' ' it over Ia til e Teoderloi 11 '""me t lleir merry .. j>e<:t. Wbea Vlnu• : ; ;"; ;"; ;'"; ;"; ;l o; ;n; ;·';;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;::;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;= lt nd Iteood•lllitt nnJ ooto btl J>ri"""·•l lbronf' nio l.bt llr!'llgt b of • M WIJ>&jltt t-riiMtle, ller ,, ··~,.. -~ •. ·- •.~..;., THE WORKERS' THIRST FOR KNOWLEDGE , Ont't of tbe nllllt rtmark tble J•beaome111 in mo•lrrn ~M:iety 11 tb e tll int for knowltdgo dii Jo.ltyetl by th e rroletaNou. While • 11 Olber c\111'1111 kill tbtir time wi t h the m01t unio tdleet uel t!h·eraiont, t ho! t'roletarien dio jdlyl a puoion for ln tellll<'.lu t l t ult ure. Oul y onn • bo bu ha.J '" O) opo rtu nl t;r to tJIIOt'i•tn -.r ttb tb o j>rCil et ~ri.e t , ct11 fully rea tl &e the tt rength of til l• thi11t • ft r.r knowletlge ( By Ktrl KtutJ. y.) • tr. t he wllote worl ol. , It i1 nnt th r. J>OI..-.IOD of koO'IOled~~;e, hut tb e elfotl to trqulre it tllt t ma kee J ilt t•bitMOpbt.r. lt II lmORII the deIJ>i,...d l nol i~110n.nt proleta ri•t tht1 tb e j>iliLIIIDJ'hictl lpirit of tb e Atile11i10 t rittMllt y it rt\·h·ed. But the fre;e ole•·etol' "'"nt of 1bi1 l]oi rit lo 110t !'OAI· hie in tiiOo.lern 1ocie1y. The jtrOlttarill 1J wit hout mnno to inttruet itJCl f ; it 11 wlli.. b bu oaly onte •p~ iro tile ili1tor;r of tniD ki cnlu<l .,.. tNo 111e Jlrh'i ltJ<Cil of a 1111111 boll;r of •l~t i ri .. t~ I'S II, .. m befl!me tilt t<IID ZIIOD proper· ty of til rh•ilized n•t io...: V.'1o1t 1Ja..-f"l Wfre to tbe toden t Athe"ni .. , $.1ebill· r.rr '"ill he to moolt'tt n 111111. JI•n '"' U feel t tl t ht tlen11ng. iolluellc• tillt lluw from frHol om from l>fOoluetl\'e, toil wlt bout bf'ing j>Oi.n netl by tbe e••il ;a. OH ·. ~ lltlt'~ O; tile Bufblo Ti1111't1 011 Old Regt11 might be (0 UI1 dere-d e1 aa lo<lo u tlou that til ~ ol<l Conaero-Pi t 1t~tlriek feud bu b.ro b .o D'll t • J • io lo tb..Dtmw tttlt party. Tbe Timl!l II a FiUjlltrle k " ' ll'• n, Rep ro II 0111 of Cona«!n " --.... Thl_t .ia wll&t the r.t Jti talitt n-for noen tou lder .. "Jll<lrlty" t'nut""'ile l .. .. Co riou1l1, tile 'IODr kin,~r rlllll mutt f'Ootidt'r t bt ten iblr. fl ood• ia ~i Olllo Valley II a bJ.t ad ug, beUUH it Wl!l J•l'oride "work!" A• yt ll lof t ilt! J i\'H t ~ work ing claN ao imyroved OJ•I'o rtun ity to lltt't for tb.a 11111tert 1J a blMii us t i1 U j>itali• m! · , · Lll' f.'S OP " GREAT MEN: '~ . ~;:;~rr. ~~;~::~;i~~ ~u;t e;:·c:~,;~~ ~ ~~·:~::~-;o~t ~ ~~~:;;~~or:;l ;~:~~::: ::~~~~u:.~~;~i~!:~~! ~:~:~,t;:!•7z: o11 t~11;~t·;!~e~O::!~.~:ldR=~-~~t~l~:ni!e : ' :t:' b~; ~~ ~:;'. : :o: ~~~~:~~:;~;=':;..,::!•::;· t":ed li~::: :.~:.~:.~;...~:r.,c:;":~:·::e~ ,;tle~~=~~~~7. ~~=:~· 111~0 '!r~ a~:e,.:.~:;r:u;:;;::.~! ~o:uoda 1:b:ee7J~, :?:bei~0'";~:: ::~~~~:f8th:.t'""~~outll of ov elty 0 1011 w r; 1il~t 1 fi a!b arcn1•tance lo -A~d ~·;, e;-b~m t or I<Do'"ltdge other Ia fD· ~~~eld,.:;;e::::;:; 11K1~:'"!:~:ia:a: 1\r~ut te~un!.. r Soc. . t:oee. o~r tw~ tbo~•:! yean ren:~; ,:e:..t~~~m:: t:e pn1l~~::, ~~ ~b:t :;·:t~:-~;;~e ~~ o?olft('e, ICI ~~ .~:fe~l~l~~t~';'n ~~~:~~ 1be 1~11~ ::,.~~:~~!e:::;u::;:~al'~~~~::i pru111.loeut ellbus. I P 1 pe ee., of our ~~~:~~o:~:.,:-!':!:t:e::•;~ d;;ak~::Y111-;';: :::to ,<?id Doe ~bbOlt, :~o~f~tllll!'~ t•~ ua~or>et ~k, .~II -'· u b•~ ~:::: ~"a~~:~:: . Wlwn a gnmn a to } ·ou r ht·nt.l :tml. t r lla you !hat be "":ill Ml tt • booae-fewt .. tohp you 11. th rough t wko·l to 11~,~ KI Ub'"l.lom l;u me 1_f -~·ou d on I hnnd ~~m ioe~ bi• iuu.e. B e - b trutll for tllel.red uet io n of )loun of • ork ':"oueb the 1110.t !orion• .oelet thtt IIW.o!IJ 1t11toc n.t .•t wll1~ tle1 so•hd up wme .-elued at 81 pou.!b JterlloJ or •bout: a ll ~·ou .~: yo u woultl tluuk , ·ou .~~ r~· lucky J[ you t.'OU!d tltttll mm ill ow• lt.ke, •ot for material Ptoll t., • poiut t hat th e '"ork log IIIID cu tlljoy II.. tb a.-· f!r ·ltooW'II. 1 ~ ffOO. Qvi.t ~ e lit\le partr., ebt laddutall1 t~ Wil'nl eo •'-«~ otr b\r~I;.m~t:_m;l:::~;;r i!ll.~;g~;:t·~~~c t ~:~~ti:alist d all!l to ba nd the 7;r1~i~r0L~ ~~~~r-~r~ :~·i~~~c~g~~-~ ~ ~;~g ci~O~~~i~AEtsl~.S That gun M Jabdt-d · ·~O LIDAR I T\' (iF THE ~ee:.~i~~:,!~ !:.:!t~ o~ot~~~:~~"~! ~r.~::7..J~~ougll ..,.q to udema11d tile wbole of •ode- WORKING Tided~hj~~·~~~~ha~!i~voen~hf:'r ::;;::: /;:.!~~ t~:e,;::,~ki~tee~:it~t llleq~ttte e.!:r::~h:::;,!:;;!"~,/~!: •:;;,~: :~~~~~~:e~:.ee:=~o~~·=ri~ ~~t::,:-; ~~.U:.,~:e!":~::a!~ '!: to Thet , bleaee<l, 1:1~ t ea; bing- tht! w~rk~Dg dU!li t~ Wj)Jk 1t.11 a_ un~t in operating the u;ct: Soelal cle•elop.~~~eat ~::!.:~i:~n~~~=-,f~~~~~~~tt8~ 1t~e~'j~~~£~ hij ti;u:.:~ :~~bot II 1:\<"ESS wllluot .. a witb,you do r.pltalitt de,.elopu~eot ~ot, wily dct )'011 110t jol• tll... •bo are ..llti... ltt• ,tt • -. • • • · ~A Ia• 1.11 e~rder t? be be11eleeat to the &me peojle . ...,. braiu , othent. llt<re peOp~ •ott be t1oe upltlaio• of t~ , IIID.It:~ .WI •tHrt bH am.bltlo11, .tbou;•ll, ' idea I.e, .t.m&Dtle, deei..., or &ad a' fiw, -paraU•ely •petltlDJ, tllll'llol!tl""'t~ l•ttrtst of lltYe ._,., u4 oot.ll.lq eilll wortll Ute people. A.a! ltw wlti~ll d - •ot -•UO.blt. IUid ~ le• rv.lt Ute ~rretpo.ud wi~ • tSiea' ~mteaW" b world or ou d.a7 b7 .U.Iu1 aU tilt n l o~~~,~tt o,! .dtl~ 1 aod. a ,.. otbttl -~~ for 1..... Tbl.t . b t.1oe lioD of jolt!~ 11.- fa at+ bett . . .,_,. ol II!.' •odan eh111ut <oa. aotl ...u •~d 11&11 ae<rer -•111d p11bhe to- 1~~ tltbtf lbe li<rM of buodrtdl of ~t. • . . ,, f • . ._! -terW I · Ae • •tudJ ' ' \..i : ft.. • .,. 4_ lu eo111.111o11 wltb IIi=, u tl'lt\eDCed b7· Uie btoltu i\t.- l.o rl~ eptl•= , Booenelt 1•, "v.nal, readable allllott to- . •....... "'.,.......-; ••• ~ .. ··-···· ·-...·~ ..,..,,, ""'·"" ~o;:'y !;.~"" afn~erul :~Y-w~~er n- w1oo ltao• llotllt•a eu belt•ou.IIUidl! ot . -flll •u &Ad wollle:al ilrt dUI doea oOl rHii z.e that tht• ~.. ullllant tllte of th t! aoet. l tool. t•uabt, kt l ' - •llo koow ""'""''7• pro.itl111 elo.IW..O. .,.. .aerilleed au • Yeer 11 .,11 ae. maehiot'n·. baa taucbt the wo r lr:ing dallll In thiok in t e.rnt 11 of IIOCial tlllal " are pt•ellltble. e1"er7 yeu. 8o 1• tWak a .,..._ ot tb- .. ~ ~ 1 t '""" Jlllla•n; 8elioQ. • . • • • • tll&t fil lld nJbt. !-11 be pUpetlated t . If aq• ~ by• • ·ork u a u 1_ut 1n the prOOuetlon of p~rolit., 1! ,e~ .thmk as a umt for ~ prod~1w_n of HEALTH, LIF.F., All and the good t hWp .-bieb It produeel: . Col . .aoo.e,·elt 8pve-k to th e eapitali11t s t~ walk softly lest Ut~y Jrt.b- JlP the workerw. Some of them 8CO!f ttt h1m . .They -uy ~,h a t th e worlu!r hu already dept 110 Jouc that he will n e,·er ll'ake . 'fht- Socia.li-.1 .U. 00 " favo ra"•from the · · walkWr aoftJ,-. They lillY that th~ ' THE lU~'M'E R I T WIIJI, DE F O R . .· lS.AWA.Kt:St:D \\' I T IJ A JOLT. ~:"~~~e. qu.l~tl• eulture tioo ot tlti• itir.al.-<nu. Strqgl": . ' THOUGHTS OF THE WORKER CLASS. " - v eo.J forced to· ,,n,·etel.<r-c-o nd utt ~l "Ylte rnaaole" f>U L oa by tile Ti ~aee Ia ill efon to 1 et (.'blef RtgiD'I Jot t, .,.. t ile e:rptri t oo:f' ot S ttt Fn too, t il~ oot oriou joillt· •~I"' ' 01 Broadwty. ho~·~~ ou t of th e a rm y. KEEP ' EM ASLEEP I ~tate of 1llat The lo wf's t aim in your life is t o become a 110ldier . The Kiwxl w ldier ne 1·e r tr it•" to di Mtin guis h ri g ht from wrong. H e n e \·e r thinka ; ne ver l'eiUIOila ; he on ly ob+yw. Jr hi!' it o rdt•rl'd to fi re o n his ft> llow c itiztua , on hi' fri l'.lldl. Oil h is ne.ighbora. on hi a rd a t i.-.~11. h e obeYs w ithout lwsihttion . If he is o rdt r t><l to fir e down a l" rowd ed ltree t wh en t.he IK>Or a.re d alllori;, g for h n·n d . he oh l•yM. un d l!el'll lhf' )tray hainJ of a ge a lai ned with ~d a nd the life tid~ guah ing from th f' hro·HS!Jt ot wo men . fl·Ciin g _ueither r emOI'II t! n o raytllj lllhy. If he il ord ,o red ntr U a firin g llfjUad !o t·xcc ttlt• 11 h ero o r lot• u f'fue t o r , he fi res with out h esitation , th nuKh h e k u ., 'be bullet willllieree . (j 1wt·.. rij:ltt Jumtl trutH. ( "ul. Hoos.·w h - (or iM it (loti , Ctll. R•tCIHC· v .. lt ·~ ri!o(hl hnnol nnm . \ nlltu··ulwo·l< wit h 111 m· h pompous g us to tim! ~e~Mitn lii OJ •:lmwoo.IA •·t.,ue liu-tht llnt .. iol<! m• .. a !' be iuJLIJied LAST. Y oun ~ :\l en: t 1!'"'""""1' tll.eh llomH by lbe t lle il itl• f tht t man-hut thf' ~lure 11o11 fvrm of OtlfiPoutlnn I• uOONI of JW'Ojlf', •o•l 11 !he 01\ J,l un 1on -.rh!~~ CA~ o nrhul~ ell ( By Jac k London .) comwi"~~e;n~;·,e~!~:8 r:fn~!~'; 1 ·tl7: ~~~~~~1t1.~i:r~:~~~ ~fd1~!~t~~~~ath HUSH I r'"''"'J'"~-.t-W-.L.li"..il"fiaia.,..lo.r_ualllllk...Jr)Ji_ i mor~lou l ., f 1 , 1 h , .\ "'' 111 .t, 11 ltu lull, I 1 , 1 11 j,1111 rd 11 1110 , HI I! , ur ., 11 l h rn tho !, ,. ,.{ \ ou <11 111101 ho•e two oltnobrl · ' f " " bnn·<l '"' thr] rotoeoJ• Ir. t hat nnj[hl lh i •l•tW<I ,, 1111 , l llo ''""' 1 , 1j, 1, 11111 \\hoi• !h 1 ,),, , \\Ill •J•ll••M•rotk~ al•t• "''~"rn•tx"n'l\' t. ll btrOtlll llf ro,.:o bt IIOtOIIrompiiiiiOrv 1 J.:" 1 , , 11 111 11 , 1,,. 11 , '' "''''~• hn" ""I! !h • !ua1,.1,. mnr th om '" .,.. OIIj: an•l the nthtlf ro ~;ht for nn til• " '" <COl ft t"l UOI'<'rMI 111 1 '""' hun, 111 ,f I,.,J 11 1 urdo r 1,, 111 ,~ 1 hllll '" ' ' ,., 11 •I , ,. 1 11, "''""' ., f th<' "''"•' 11 '"~" ur notor •~ "~hi 1111! IIIUibt r l of hnmAu ..olod:uoh thr I 1 ,, h ,, 111 _ ,.1, 11 ., ,J nl, ,1 1 11 ' " " ' 111 ~.: , ur 11 r• 1, ,1,,.1h.r 1 11 thull'lllll .. r 111 1, 11 hn nr• 111 mnrtnl dJIIIJ.! • t ' ,,.,,. ,,...,,. 1., 1 • I lhu•l!• 111 nu r ono>loru [ '" nM'•l<'<l 1111 " ""'" on hrornoon• "'t h fnundJ!ton of "llo~h "Ill nttd mu•t t>f' : \ ,., , , IIi In! rllllllt<ll,ol 111 ""' hllll! 1\l l h lu\ III V n ro ntor the pt u !of 1 1 •~tu&l f1r,. bl"l nrrdo of ,,...,lrr ;~,: ~ottonoon ownu.. hl[' of tho ml'ftlll ot p i• , f Hu!Tnln •~ ll<rluol lt~l "''"" H••t•l•nl lul l'l"ll Ito ]"-ntol<.: \\hO I"" l•uord 11 "'"'"'!!our S''"" ,f th, o\111•111 So.mh~l" 111,1\ ""' !lmt II - - -- - - 11 ,. 11 \d 1"· 111 lo.-!to·r !n~to · ,., ,. lh•· l nT• ·rJmli"n"t '" wn r ry j,.,;.~ nhuul tl w \~:~~; • Jo.~t to pro•·e tbat .,..;,,,,..1""-'"'"'· T lw .. ut lu w;>d uui o11 ol tlw lltn·o·t •·nf 1111"11 iii&K king fo r II j•rie t•le!!ll .-lm•,. ,•: ·; .. ., 111 of tlu· /'arkhu f ., .. a ~.·w y ,.IIT·,. rtiJ.!ht . ~·~-;,::r :..~ -.d..,.. . . . ._ - · t ;!:;,;;;"::~:::::;!'',;';~:~.~:;;';;~~·f;,~l;~~;,~~;~. .~;~~~m::d~~~.::: . :;,~;:.~~~~~- I n ::, hi;, :::~cil;.~',:~!\:~'~f~~~~~~~~.';~u1 :·j:iu· ~~~r::~il~:1 . to 1 "u"...- opo~d0~7:~7,":al_~!~ -;.~Jaaan.. bt dM~red',(lle dee ~· npmll·j~~-~~------- n.o.. '""' aed woMertttl , _ ...., ptol'oklDI . . .- - - ' -..... . aod powen ba<t"e urldled tile f - aal tift tM ftn. of III'Ditltod• paaperlud tU ...,; i..--1 'ftlll' b tk- ~~~ ot JDdWitrlal 01' .....,. x - of U. ~ Ad 0 0 S. at 111M !1-k. tile bo\r...,. ot di. •vW, u.d· . . woA-ic ledlriclaU•, aad •U.U. la tM lip.. ,_-, ~ '- .,_ Ia ~ at die W. fila ··~ U.. -.laoh af •ahiUII... ~.,. ;riM - .,_,. t.S I\. Ad a.b, prediet. a alcMJ ti.U . V , . . . _ . . . . aliplln)'lrq tklt U. -krial ...... ' WlM -t. to be do.et , r ~ ~ -' IIMto. , _ el 0. a.u.t.l&w ......... .....,.., wid! ..._. * 7 fpr..,.IMI-aie.. tUt~~...SJ Tile• ,.UtkJ.aa. ~•7,' '11'1 111M 111~1 "J*Iflll" ljl r........ • dl•clllt prohltlli' at t ile Nlatlooe betweea lbt Hit IUe rftt of tilt iodh·ldul ..d tbe coDi..oa laWfftU of Mdet7, Tile la <UYidul I• lleptdat oe .ode17; ~Jidltiou ~1...-ladh·klMl 1I Kaa uaaot en.t oouWa tile .- - .1aaefwta of ..,_,_., BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBUSHING COMPANY writlllfl art oulr=•ldly •.•uai•l· . , ~ave 1°~ . o~b~ 1jD1 . ,, . lrpKQ!'a. aot -uer wllo orif!ated !::t~~~:':~ , : t ~';.::4.:-u· wm We eu't " · , • •. . ,, . . reduced ,II!'Oirt o.( IIVIDI auee ~~ e. t tb9, What did 1011 Demoen,t WorkiDfmea ' · • quite imqiDe ~~ ~~ IWOftl ~~· a deputT to; •orl4 ac~ept.i It tadU,., tkat 11, Ute h ead. of. the worki.Dgmen •• tf be allottla e~ &o P' to-... a,ctio11e, u 1 -•d mu:lmlo tM 0. , " •1 • pe for n«ea ll It did oot, ' ov l"f'l ~lltl~.w.. •114 . ol pollee, Kohler , 6aa· Heftl·eumed. for -~~ ludt glad that Chief Repn il toob a purt '&nell • • • · · , • Modero ~lily • . , . . . --.ltb ..a ilif abllltJ to pqtaatl tbat ~ Cmioul,. i>JJOqh, we·bei.r a lot ' ab:oti:l the oti~b wiDnin b&ekl 701Lr Weeltll I• ' " re~ of you .... tb e wol'ki.iii'ela.-; but we o e'fer bear of an1 ebureh• atarti 1 .oa ele'lltr~~~ e~~tel"pr!H aad "':deoee. kitehens ,lor lflrikinlfalaYfa. · ·., · ..:_ · . ~ p- cro- ,..w •JMI• .... , . ~ .;. •. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-04-05 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-04-05 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n044_19130405 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n044 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/5b25f153a111e6ea8157055aa4a490de.pdf 4cea37b9f69bed181ba24d3d08c85cd8 PDF Text Text ' I.OOitA1'THB~O. YquJl tf.Wft 1AIIEL lkm_~~ I'IIU!S NI!XT Wl!S �1• -.. '"'~·- ~~- ~r"' ·.:·"'-:·:c:...:::.ll ===· ~-::..-= _,,.,._....... ::...: ~~..:;1!""' ~~~,'r.·, ~..,.. A<l<l~ on - - k• t.oo• K4n•. ftdd flocloliu. 1.o W. N. T. w n &.cle Bu..l. l ~=======:;:;;;;:;;;;;;;;::;;::;;::;;::;;::;;::;;::;;:;:;;:::::;::;::;;::;;;:;;;::;;;;:;:;' l _&PUNO~ lf. Y. •·illap tliMtlon at Spr iagvlllt, :W:atdo JSth, thP t otal \'Ole~~ waa a bcout o.ae han;Jred 1- tllaa lut year, In o1"idepce, togethu witb tlx a_wore tbat they Wtfil hlf1!d 1b~ oa ly:ZS.S •·ot e.hel n1eoantedthiayear, t be : i•li•t ~andldate. r-Mth·iag 48, Whkb. ia pt!n'UIIIft 1 1.1 J:'j \'OIH 1e.. t hu Ju t y•~r. due wo-lly to aLKn~ of of our memhett. Sc••en.l of our ml'ttlben ~uld not .-ou oo •~<"OUt of t he poll• he lag open oaly du r iar W01"l icg houn., 1 to ~ o'~lock. u·•·rtl tl~a aad boUIIIIlllda, bnt the mi11i111 dlltrlct wbere brnk~:;:e .!0::::,~7~ ·,,, -::~ I '-' (IR(WIIZING IIIIUIUIIIALI ofth e~~nbl110aatobrtak M loup One ot tile 11111111 of the ""'""· ' "'"""'""'ofeamp life. · Rall-y Comr-ny I 110w oa trial at Sc:raatoa at leut be tb inka he f~equent •-\alta to .tile h11 work u a traitor. Uo r•NO.•d.,~•i l~~; OEO. D. J O:-:t::S, ____ araaa.iu r. a 11eophanUe t'ditor of tbe e.renin1 papen ptepat"N a NlAOAJLA FALL&. :'i t>"<" l lletore iu the hiltory of pleue • tbe~a be refen topeoplt ''oppoMd: to ••••.or•··-·-···Udntlera"ubelalhlu· wi th the regieide pol ieT of nrnov· bud•o fgovera111e11ta. Ot eo~~ortof', .. :,t:n ;::·;c•c;;:c;· . .~ ..:;··:-:r '" ~~~~ t;:~ oa. WNDtJ\11,\" t:aul ::=,.;,J..I. ....... ,... ,.t t oul•l 1 ~11 edltord-n'toJ>e~~ly•ytO,ba l rh .. kno.-. that everybody will kuow tb•t H.fll!ra to the Soeiali•ta, wblle a~>:r· one who lloa<llnt•ll411 Sodal1•111 at all kiiOWI tbet th e 8o(lai\1U 111•ke 110 ~,:n~r:;,b~ ·::~" 1 , ;,: ~.:;r-,;:·:i~i;,;;;;;; 1 ~~~---~~;=:·'.:~f..: t but""'"''' l'· l h~ · J~·· it\• '""'· ~~:;,,.i 1:;:4.s·· '·"'··::;._:·"·- ···--··" ol.oJ"'•" •I tufl • 7"• fi t• ·. awl eO••··mt•· " "hrn •n u11~h '" hrl< t ha t i t. ,J I u il<'t·••l•h•·""'· nur •·••• ~ ·n• 1''""''"1 n,..rh .. ..,llKI"•'• i. MU•I ,..,.,., i"<o•iolrl ltro•··! t lo.•ollli.\"OfA j>Oii .. ,•(ur,.,.tlu·y ... ,. , ,. · b ·"·~o·ol. ,..,,.,.,,,. h<'T<' tlw ~bi<"f n( 1> ft)!nttt·h,.ad, 11nol •imt ·'•·. n11•l th o• TUn<' io nnl oll •tMo l r !trl.•.•ll . r<•ll >i>liul( 1""1•··•· out• 1 ]•Un:l ' ''"''"· ~' o•l• •• ..-lu•tl'. t ho• o.lh·r. \\"b1'n ho•t.,·r. th o• o•I NJ.!.< Utlll , !hP ~: r~ftrr, J•ro•· t h o• 1'"" 1'"" ' • ""<I l• u•in o'>• mau will •,::•in>! unilt f,...... j o•lori,otoln. n•·• ·~~·· ;:::.:~:·;::.::::·::,~;.;;::i~i~;#.~~~:: : ;:::;;;:; _:,:~~:~~:fE:~;::·~:!:·:: ;:;;;:.::::::~::~:::'·,: .:;;::~.:·:. ~:.::;: :,:'",i,:•~·d~ ~ ~~ h:; ---- :: : ":;:~;! :; mnuPUlon aga\1111 un1on >utmb«t. ~:-;:;:e~i~~~~·~ :~~::!~';u~t 11::' ~! 1 .:11 :1 :-~~::e_ ::~=~ ~~~;• CATCHING THEM YOUNG 1 ,rllu...... , THE STRIKj;l ["''" ~::/;:r ·"· .... ~;:;t11'~ ·w''1;1~.nt~et::~":~: . ,. "'"'" ~un. _,.,,<"Ornfr ,.•. ", ~ 1 1 ,j!.~"~~,..t~~ :~~~:'/:;,lr:~eu~1;~•g;: lu·~ IN PORCUPINE oo< ..., ,... , ... ,. .....,. .. wotH _ 1 ll• K<"ndrork p "'lo t'<!. !:lorn .. mor~ no•rro• an ulk ubou t co &h·t """'I I) "'rhu<>IP ~ '" ' \ ounl{ 1 ...o " ' tbe fad t hat the t wo me n h aH• l.et" n loo keo.l t o b) the nwn I (I be lp th em ort;lniiW Tltl' ~mJ ]0 \ <'"1 kno w th at 110mc man n~:'"" '""' "'" ' "", ., ,_,, -"'"'., "'"" ,,, "' ""' ,, "'"""'"' J•l• • I .. I• '"" 1.! 1 1 uu•l of It' ""t """ cm !loH•.J I• _ .. W"l rf to tb ~ Buffllo 8oc >&htt ) u 1 ,J~r "' """' ,, "' " '"""" 11 ot noa tt e r.. lhl' <'01111 .. "' '"' •m•ll . ,. .. tCkl&• wbm no <Hit Wi ll u u nt; ,. tlgnal men tor t br- l ntema Honll i, wh oeh •• th e ,::rea t e~-! rorttoo tl>t'lf "crk I f'DfrJl "bat \11\LLJ\ Jhtrl! &H. pi!Op lr who bo}f heaoh ne of the ROORve lt lhlt IIlli beh eu be,.... tbo t by et•h • t Tbr-v failed IO · read STRIKE' ""'" loe~ llltl!'''nlt.bl 11'ftktl~::;; \i~~~~~~~~~~~~~§~~§~~ ~: made two umo " '"' " " :.,.~~ /·:~h;~·n: i:~i'{:~:~~H:;::~~~~~; ~:~{;~;{ ~~~~~:::::::·::::~:: " ;::.Y:\~.:1~i:t~nl;·D~\~lE~~Iil NEAR . i~2i':~~~~;~~?~:::. . ~:.~·;~:m::":~·;,~~:·~~~~. ~::~::. ~r tbl' ev:rrt;:u;:; ~~! ~~~~ ::•",~;U@~tr•~:: :,'"1~: t~,:~~:,.:';.'':~~n~tb . ..,, 1 ""' ' " u• •t IIO<" bu t rr. h th,· y,, 11 uj: I'•"O I•I••"• ! .. ·• ~:u ~. '"'"'""·,,. . ,;.,. ·~··· 1 in,: o1. 1 UJ~·l ~Hry ,]~~·. Won>~n . farl 1 / mir:e ow 11,..... ~TRI~x~"~;~~i lli~lt~~~~~;~;: 1tnir.n•. ~ill are '. t o ITft JI hino onto aome Rfllntla l. LY TIIA . , .. H I~ ~~.?!~~~.~~~~~ORKS ::==============_.:,_:,":-:::":' - ·: ; u~u.o<!-d &Uftl~"!~! ~b~ ~~'.!-P' deliQI')'. .,.;., at l'•i nt. Crrelr.. 'l'l_'e the man Stt!U.al k)', who. • hot 1 • uthoflhH baekr<l '-""" 1111111! ow n-en. oa. Pol kf'ma n LanJr, of IHl•ng • Soeoallat, _ :~:::,::~~~~~;;:1~~\~~~t~:t~ 1~~~I;j~;;\:t:~::fi.~:~;;:~~ijf: ~~f.:~~~i:~:~~~B\~.t3~:~:2 ~;f~:~~~~~~~~~;:1~f~~~ PH!~~SAALu~~LJTO!E ~~~~~~:· :::',~,:::~~:~ \:•:.:"::o.l:h•;:~ ··~:·;::~ int~·rtu:;~::~o;~~~~~~~~ :;h~h~· ~Vn~:~ ~18 ~~·~~~~·:~~sol:" ~=!re~;,~i:!r~!~ ;:::===============:;::==. n, . . .,. IR brre t o., , .,.. ----·- ,,,,,.1n·rn111r ' : ort<'"llff' " 1 thrtr r.tn•kr. 1 ~nrrt~ee ...,,. grourtt i 11•ultJ. we will e'tmpl.f ba nt to eudure, know· '''oril.,n~. i be a aett lemellt who see through the .. bote rame, tu d oatid•~tor:v t o the m~n. will uot re1t uulil it. >. ~~ettled and telabout -1 ,000 utf!ll •t Paint le•l HIGUT. --- TU.-..•1Mfoi-II£AL WHO/.£ WHlATIIIl.I.D. ~Aattate and eubscrlbe for the �'Fttt Spttcb 1ttt Pms lHE fiOOING·-~ EDITOR =0F- Cbe :Jippeal to ~eason Fred D. Warren WILL SPEAK AT ELMWOOD .MUSIC -HALL Virg~ St. and El;mwood Ave. SATURDAY EVENING APRIL 5TH == Admission, 25 Ots. This includes 25 weeks subscription to the Appeal to Reason. �PUIIUSKKD~Y .U TH& ..._.,., BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISIIING DY.&,&.Stt..i,.!cde-r J&AaT11t Kai$I..Q., ......._ ..... --~.~3tdllooc ~ OOiiiP~Y IUPPALO,N.Y. 7.J'.CA~~N~, Pdc.$1.00 fll" ~. 50c .U: _..,_ PIIY..W.IA.tnact , Ezr.ta-M u MOOVd<lMI mauw Jue 6, lilt, at the pol' atlloe •' Bdalo., Newl'orlt,1Ulder~Acto!Mueb8,18'i1 SATURDAY. MARCH 29, "13 ::.:;.. lm·ed by" little cheap promotion and a little chen per_·····--,,.,.,.,.• Wi~<e, assiHtaut road (oremRn of the Penusyh·11nia, &ellh'tl t O oet!llp)' tht: lrtllehcrOUI JlOMitiOD o( beJl-wt!!her to n1 .. n ftll(l to 11.11ti!;11 th e hOIIIJt.'ll by Jeadiug to the low-workirJ\Cmton. Thi~; J)tONOII, 1.w rbcd in the hqbilimenl!l of ruttn. 1111d aiiSttllling thnt ht""cnu~ of his p{·tty prbinotion, his iut e r~t s with the ma11h•rs. has l(.'!itifled thnt the firemr.n ought uol S. G. . - u ''a a,U frota a lord;. a breakfrut for a fool." ••. that ":!ole .ad lly "Erplolt_.'lwillpro.-ille t.ltnlr wiU. a ,...aJT war111 their waaiag artlor !11\0 at leut a 1\lcbr for tile eo·!~ :~~;· ~;~~t:~~st ~~:1 :~c~:~\~ 0 ~otl~i~ll~ b~\~;~~eJl~~~~;.o~~~s~~~~ they ''11teaur lwttcr!'' ""ThC' toto<·kholden h11n• Jllll thl•ir mom•y in tht• ou thl' metit11l midget. ea rninl-": his :ltl pieces or >~ih·l' r , · oul!"ht to grt nll or the profitK. The !ir-crru-n ought not to in the ilfert•nst•t\ rf'\"ell\11'8 or tho• N>RJ." :-.:o hetlo' t ilhtNt rntion eoultl l>r· found of th11t f"'IIH<ntlY·"""· I r ing pheuonwuon.-K workiug Ill/Ill with n c.- llpitttliRI In ou r \"it'W. tlwr1· ur•· thr~~· cilulll<"ll or wnge·&lll\'1!11.-t he eift!l~. iuchltling th(• unwillin"" slu'''"ll who ttre alwayK rager to for their eronomie lilwrty; lht! willin~t lihl\'efill, who slnnd · r-hfr rr ulh· ltt"ur ttl! of tho· hnrolt• uJi whid1 thc IIUUIIetl! wish onto tlw;u. 11nd till" o:ut hnsin.~l i<· slu \"1·!4 l ikt~ this pcr!l{)ll. who the llllllltC'n~ outlwir hao•ks thflt t lw~· will fight for them11t the '"'""'"' I-. . .... . of tlwnuot-1\'C'II Rlld their eiflll.ll. A· (;JJ.JI..p..d.IG:\" OP EXTER.VINATION. That tho upltall1t c.-t.'.. ~Ill JJtop at ootll\111 Ia Ita aserel'"- pursuit' ot a11d ill det~ rml"l.atioa to 1tamp out 01'ery1ili.llc rNembU•r ladepe.•de.ee I i on tile part of the •ork.en, i1 1ho•~> by the m~>rdeniu tacllu foltbe t•lutocratl ia earrylar 011 tbe war of eztena.laadoll ..p int the .!oll11e Worh,.' Uaia11 Ia WPat YlrgO..Ia. I of tb&.po•e.n of U.e poliu, tlte militia, t be lt'Ji•l.tue aad the coa.rt. ulletl i111o play by ~ ...ten, t11 .ay ootlllas of t~ ea•~tp or earriedoabyt.M...-.pape,.alltl~ ·--l.atlou. (.'la. .lac jfabprla'-d ., pipe~ by tiM: pa~IDJ to ~~~- tbt tile alacra ntarDed Ia te 'dt.feat tM 1• Xotil't' how tilt' cupi tuli r-;111 unitt> iu I!Hying that low nothing to do with prolltitutiou ~ .-\nd notice how they lite · by tht- gang of profe!l.~iouul rdoruu-rtt. ·~hurity-workeN and their tim• a.., 1M .tat.! 'aoJdlery d~ :1,000 Uoap r..pl.tt.d br Ia dolac u,, dirty wwlt. willc.ll U.e militia ref...O w do. 1 • -dr.t.e-JUIII ..d blvoee hni.Ud to tlrieh t.hp by '-'• ..... (OIIIecated. . • do yn rea.d about U.b \o(lrJut Ia tile np!tali•t J>r-} w-.,, ,..Appurently. the new ly-orgu ni7.('d union of the '•::~:,~; ~,~~; 1 ;:==========~=:.::=::::::::::::::=:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;::::::::::::::::::::; [:~,;~ to belie,•e tllet tit.• wbo were cUat-ed were 8TJI:lltEa. , I;lwtibl'lll)'ioyt't'A hflll already put th f fe11r or the coming ~-~ath tabifyiar, '" o.-&er to wla pubUe aJ•pro1'al '''tile t.ar.Uea af tile . heRrtA or thf· ex ploiters. The Jnt crnntionRI Railway. pro•·ide tile teetb rud tlawa for dot u.pi&.i:u.&., '- aa" ....,._ et: tlalr ...... loy its p11mlt'l'll of th~ •·ity 1hlruinistrntion and ita tllhtt'U of tb1 11e'wapapen to tile• \11 beplq the Wwke,. bl£ad te....,.,...:! facta.. rtlibdiMt prt'IIS. i11 muking deApt!rnh· t"ffort11 to pn·\'cnt the Do not blame the employer and c.apitalist for adv&neinr hi& own interest the bet.tt he can, n·en In tbe •entiiiM!, ·u.e ml••ra ar. •taadiq In~ fot tlltir oqaal.~ .. liar tion' ~:"Ctting ri foothold in thr' city. · at the eSJlelliiC of other people '!:! interesll,for it ill the generally recognized principle of toeiety that t}lfly wif> tbla outpoat oa tlte road to ulti-te .-ae:lp~~tio• l · · It is wt~-r lo th .. knifl-. and the knif•· to the hilt. llttd !'Very one hflll to look out for himself. . •., A Socialin Loo>al may •au too •oell politic., too •ue}l tlir.Ct a( tioa, or <·ontlil"! iN ht·ing ron1-1ht unol••r eonr of nhMoluh• silence on H you wiMh your own interesta to be taken care of you mUBt attend to that ~ourseh·es. too IIIU~b eo-ope,ralino •tol'l! ia it; !.tot • e of ..,. •loieil lt.ad toa>of tht• eapitAiiNt papl'rll. ,\11 of the uo'WHI"'i"'rs know of the . You claim to be the equal11 of y(ur ruuten in iiatelligenee and adminiatrati\'e ability, and auIIIUCh SOLIDAJIIT\' in lt. ' h<>:inf-1 WHf.1NI . Tlu-~· /un·e IJ<·•·n ittstrut'l•·•l b~· t he lnt ernatioual per10r to thl·m in cha ructer and human feeling, but ~·ou mmrt prove thi1 by your aetiotLI. print a litH• of it for I he ptt'tll'lrt. Wh,•n tlw 1imr arri\'f'll for :\lttke yourst-hes the mB!Iter& of yo ur destiniea, take hold of the political and ~nomic powera to loqrin to priut rPfr·r.,twr·K to tiro• or~tlluizn t ion of the union. hy which society iN go,·erned and direct them i"o that their working will benefit all the people. Thaf T TIE A...VBITIOUS B UL l•.VICE. tlte 1 '"rd of lyin~-1 inuut-nrlo tt~ainst the i ,)r th., rnnskn~ nf the city. th(' Int er- is thD:\;~~~~~:,f:~~-l' j~~~: e~::~~!~·; complaints do not alter thingfl; denunciation• do llot abolilh chronic e\·i\s rootiug de~·ply in 110eial, cohditiODII. The doing alone eount1. and it is up t o the work- th•·.•· lil-t' itr·m~ in tiro• nr]'itnli~t pup•·r~; " Rh(oltl org~tni1.o·rs heing sri7.t•cl hy tlr t• poli(·t· fnr tlnrinf-1 tu n... ntiun unionism to !hi;' KlR\'cll. they ful. tht• lllll..'illes of th t: working people must be united in thought and action, united in the f11.ctory pou r fourth tlwir l•ro~tdsi• l r•~t ::::;1 ;u;:;:;',!;i~~~!';.11~~::~;~~~~: 1 llnti~~~~~~~?ot~;:: :~i~~~~:::;irt~ ~:r',·::~u~;, f~:~~~~r':;:,:·~tt~~~~~:~;:;'i~t~~i:n~~~~"[f ing ·:~a\~:. ~or=~~::~~;~·.h;•,:e~~:~ec~~"~?.i:a~~etl~~ep~t'~l~tji~\::=nJ~rc~~o~~ ~:a~ it~t:r,e::~y ought From a :~~: :;:.t~~: ~:~~-~~~ro~~-t~~~;:: 1~ 1 1 ngaifUit tht! power& t~at arc constantly bu.~y aiJ are Ua· work•·n< 11 1.,1111011 in !inlio.lnrity. 11 should 11how th t" m the welloiiNI m11 chirwry maiut11im·o.l hy the o·upitnlist t·ln.'l.ll iu its courts. police, I pf'ej!s uud pulpit to kl"t;J' the slu n•s in Hnhje1•tion. It llhould teach 1 = them tire llt.'t't'!UOi ty or stickiug tog••tlwr as R daAA on tht' i e('OIIOIIlir- aud lWt'iKI tit•lr\11. It iA thf mi11.'iion of th(' Sot•iuli HT t•nrty to hriul-": honw fhc l i truth!! of thi11 l•·I!.~Oro nnol·-40 prnurot f tlw 110lidarity of the dRAA; not nw rd y 10 •·lee! n mayor of l'01lnnk or nn 1 r Kankakee. Th e lil.reet <'lit nu·n uf Buffalo mny r••st HNI'!uted struggle for the riji!"ht to organir.L· to promott' their own i whole power of the Sv•ialiHl Party i11 with them to the ]t ill just a11 surely thl' 1'11 rty of thl'- working clus a.a th r: Republican 11.ncl Bull :\lo011r pnrti~ Rte th•~ parties of Whil ~ the~~e may rep re~~~ nt diff<•rent w11rring groups of th('y are ready to uui te nt ~til times to keep down th e ~~~~~~~r':'\t111:,~:~~~-~n::;':i~:r:i~~d s:':e~~~c: 1 !b:ird!:1J';~:~i~~~i&e them only as far as the dail-' Jorinu., 11'1! ~,,. tlt.at tk 11.. . t"ome Ia for oae w t•o i11do,.... ~~~:,::~~e;:::c;:~~~!.::.:J!,:•;:::t:~be-:~i-.1!0,~ ·::::1~~~~ke ~0 ~:.: ~\:e:~:''S: 1!~:,:• ;0 :~ 11 ::.~: ~:: 'r:',~:li;:;; ':;:~~;-:.•Ideo::~;· .00 t =~~•tav!:~;~:~~o~':acn:!:: ~';:1.'!7,1"';'0 :;:-;!':eibr :':7;.';iu':· I::'J;~:,:Je: ~:"'::'1~':~~=';:~~:',~~e:~eb::-o:::':u~':;'';..,;;::Y '!:t~~ I.;:;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::::;::;;;;::::;::::;=========== The difl"erenee betwl't>n R pri,·ste detecli,·e and other that the Jlri\'llte ''"h'cth·l! hrr.10 th·~ 11.11.11clion of the mastt' r class "''ork. while thf ordinary plu~-ugly is working fo~. h_im!,elr. reliabl~ •11•iyou nu bet your .-.h on tlt.at~ E•·u t}lt low!-' l'robibltloniat v-n:r to divide them in order \\'hate\"•·r the future may hR\'C in. store for the working elaaa. they will be e<tual to any emergeney if they Rre united. "\nd they have e\'l'1')' 1'eaBOU to get together and act together. for the existcll('C oi each depemiN upon the conditiOns under which working and lil'ing. Their eeon- - of'"" more or,.,.. ~;;.~~~~:~~~f ~~~~-:·~~·et:;~.;=.:e ~,~~·~;::~ ~::•~:;; :~~;!,,~;:;::O~":t!;: to ~l;~·~f':~~ "f;:~~~;;i':~ct:l·;~.~~!il~~~~~~te~~~!~~~t)~hj~ ·i:a;:e~~~:!~ud:~~.:!::~~n~u~~ ~::::,~::;:~-e~~ :·:f,~~~i~i~;~~~~:~n!·~llktl:~1, :~~~h:~g~~::;·;.r. ;,~,-~:;~:t 51 .:1~s~u\i~~~i~:~·ionTitt~ ~ ~; 01~,.b~·11 :~~~:;::;~ ~~ 1 :111:1~j, 1 :~:;:t 1h'· lmudr•·•IH ~t lrt·atly in th(' ranks :II i~~~~~~~~~i-!"~~ ~~i~~:~.li~1: 1 ,:::~ i~~u~h 11:,.!,~~~:·:~~:i~~~~:d~~il~~~~:;~da:'~~~~ 1 ~eruMI ~~~ ::~t:fl~::::.::,~ a;.i:l~:7:;•,:c,:;:-.':~:~~11;1:;~7 :o:~:!~;;~,"=~~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-03-29 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-03-29 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n043_19130329 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n043 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2af78d40f06b2d30b97c99f4b466721d.pdf 3b56032a21b1fa5923697d82af608cdf PDF Text Text l.OIXATTHE~~ YCXIIl APD!lmlu.ID. IF IT IS 43 YOtllt SUliSCRIPTION EltPIRI!S NEXT 'IVI!I!IC LECTURE-Uf THE GREATEST [YCEUM COURSE ,...~~ ~..~ ""'"-~"....,. EYER HELD IN BUFFALO 1 C.oolu" of liUo•l•, ;, boldi•K - · alo111 at (lblnxoantll• d~l'l'i~g i11t0 Ole e111ployrne nl ot wome11 aad 1U eom111~· tio11 wltlo • Ire. Oue of the Seaators ia POUCE DIG UP OLD LAWS· ESPECIAUY FOR WORKERS of Police and Law Departments Hope for a Few Crumbs from the Capitalist Oass and Become Over-Zealous in Their Efforts to Please Masters- Time Near When Work<rs Must Dis?' RGE H. GOEBEL SPEAKS IN -BUFFALO SATURDAY AND SUNDAY �IMITflWStf WESlliN llWftORK ~ilcllltlts ilnd '. :1/p,.,_IIJ .AJIB.t-aa -~lntsf in Bllflill1 pn.N.:r::i=:.'N:.aa•;oald~-_:,::;~~~..,. I -.m anft of elM fad U.at clM lTDIIertabn .t.o belaq t1:1 $M ,.._ wbl teU 1011 t.U' We4all:b.ch 'lfiiiHorer ""pply t M ocnl• .. qaotld ...,_, MY ANSWER . ' YL\GAJLA F~ X . 1". . ,.., : b,t u~ or mu~ll·•,tue t ht' «o llfn>rtl \ oon ~~~~~~~~ IIUIDt IU yom" ao d deep'' ol urtr •lll tth """ ""'ni o• n<"r lnoJ.,.rlliW~· hut lo: tb<' Outfit No.4 ~~~'!.\~=~~~;:::!~t!::!.:~~~~: c=·b!t,~":!\:i!~:;,-b~ekahe:!:~r:=!bc:."c:I:Dil, t>urla\eult or burlal permlt, oomplete c:are and au e udaooe. T lltal cou ·,G UA RANTEE an tlse "rood• fnnl~bed and llte ter?l- rtudered to bl fa r 1uperioc- w au1 fllro Uhed by a11y t:~tber Wlde rtaker In Bulfalo for t.bl U · orbit:ant prlor!l'tlaey wiU charge. r Bell J'hoae, Od'ard 2»1 Bederal Pbooe !782 •t bo-1· .. h .. lllllt• hft•l• " '"""'" , .... .,.. ,. ,!!.,~ uf fl,. . .,,,• .,-.,u\•1 ""'m t o ! l ~t• ., o,),,,; dn .. '" ],.. run.i.t o•ronjt only whod, ]-ltl<'l"' uf !<'• I ,.,, ,.,,, ~luall h••·., U. cor · •:tl•"'' ~~~ ··••·• I ] ,~ hn• on): th e llt'W 1110,:M.•1]•.tlhuol.] n:.:]•la··•••la•IJM1'11tTh• ,. t;,.lo· •lr., """"' luo• :l ] •]•!t i~ Utly :.. ;•,:·.~.::~' ':',~,,'.,:,•:·t·;:,::;•;o~: $60)00 ·,:t:·.·,'~ I tl<•· ~ "'~ o-l< •tr11'11 \ .,f t h~ rrty. rwr I ll •a •~ t h• ''"'l·lrll~ lu..at•··l..., K> ' " , , •. , ,. :::'~~~::.::. .';~ 11'~';: :·.~oot•;;,... ·;:;~~~~" : A ck:b.atc w;u hdd recently .at Schenu.t~y E. WE;DEKINDT ~..,_ =- 1ilk :t"_:·. \::,' ud _,.boW tbll OompleLetaftlaDdat&endNce. •t"'"' t:u '._. '''' t~· hol,l-"ur ".-iti>~n• ~otnmit .,,. '' •· ..·all ft• tbr roua~il aut! any ::~- pa, • oeac. ~lo~?k·Of'~~\~~~~£~:=~~:;: ~~~=~I tr . $55.(}() a- l.o' ro•tl.•••· lli uu'• l•u• i nf'n l;;ll,'' l~•o n · ··onuuullot~·. Noeipt, ''dti~a·• _ . . , ,ll,...''ha > lnao le l<no..-lltbe re· -.: 1::~ nf i ~>o Jltofound judgmeot In lh t • 1.-.. ILollo f aJi l t fo rtllrmll t' bd lot:uJI ~ \~, ,~ ll a\1. :'\o.,., a cit~· hall 1~ pri· e ar •I~ ,.,, .. a ,f.o:tl, oo th<' ''t•lain l~ "t•l<l '' b •.-l>ffnll'ad to•ui'I'O"", Ioabuilolinl! to~· ~t:un th<' munidr• l utlkc:J: a J'l••e Ulj: of th r ad,.... TbaiJOGP...elhllltd~taDdl. . .,u-~ICihlnallla&-.. oudlta ber,.Jn qQOt.ed rou mted Mftl' UNDI!RTAKER AND FUNERAL DIRECT<lR lxtwu.n tc.anu KptCKilti.nr tbc. Younr People's Sodali:st ~::::. ~:h::': a~h:=~~- ~=t~bo;:cts';::~::e ~... No .. s WALDEN A VENUE ~~~-~ ;~,.~~;:~. ·~fu ~ :~: 1;.';,~::•;;;:.~1~.~," ~~:" 1~'::~ -~ ~om~ : _Roche.stu-G. Prennei-, Celia J-acubowit::, J. Surridte- and R.I. Ginsburr. . ll•b e<l with beautlflll IJti ku. in•~';~~~.: ~-:,71 l'~,'ol::· : 1 ::;~" ~:mwin~: STREET CAR M EN'SUNION 'r.,m """"'8 t h" t!Jt t" or my 6rt t <li~bar11e I f:•·erytbi~:~g i• ready to """:-;;:, ~ot ~~d to lliec anr . I ,;,, .,,., .,,,".:1. :',..,., "' :;';'-,,.,.,. ,. ••J ;mo h loo . l" om '" <OOK<O·I "''- """' r•" ro,Jh·ld"l ' """ '· or"~'''"· ho•.,·«, ••h oho ·car any·NrrnEo ·"·· ,..~ "' ''"''· ..w ;....... ,. ,A;,.., ·• ............... ,. , 1 tlo~ 1 ~:.,,,..,, ]...u~G it LLU LJt, .,f tiro- "'""'· :\l ot1UI nr.on 1 " ·"' "" "' .. _, ......,., • " ....,, '""tbe ··~d or_ty....fwn•• . ·~~;,-~,]all Uhl'li]•~I<"CC ·l.ol ied. mau. uaiN:> ~-ou ar" blilrd-aaol abow"d U]> [(:~~0if~l~l¥~~~;,~;~ 11~l!!~ ~t~~~ ~~~~li::~i l~===~~~~~~~~~~~===~ T it•nrb ao th<''<", the ] ~" 0 ]'1~ n·bu .,·ork ~- ,..~_,.,] f,. rt _,. 1,,., ~rut. 11h' t<•a•ii1J; at a nol lt:T~•·.-I~- " '' 0 ' " 1"' 1 Trt<' th•t 1 luul :n'.'I~~:'"'7.::,~~·;,J,~:.,~:~·.thr;~ .~:::~'.' t:~,: :~:t·~;::~,- •:;~· :~:::.;·:.'::~~~~::::. '~"~;~:;,/'~.~ h<·~:~·:';,:~:;~~ :(0 ~t;;::~~:,~:~lt~t,:·,~l'l'h• .,1-.lom 1-:•'1 r•·ru th"~- •n·~-th•• ar t rnn h~- l•· nf:lh~· .,.,. ;,. .. "I'"" thi• l•tino• ipto•. A o• u, ',''l"' rt · ur ..-b irh I ""'-~' ''-'''"""P\1, BUFFALO SOCIAUSTS II ~~<li:~~ia;;,.~;yone.wa~ ALIVE AND ACTIVE th~ lnJ: to tb • a..idifnCf a~~d j tbe ltr•rrs:h··hOitl th•t ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~f.~~~~~~~~~;;~~ :~~;~~:::.,.:,.:1 iAUrt>l<OBI .E 1•. H. T III ' ULUW. "~~llon ma•l••. • •1 t; 1 (ntti ~n ""~~I!' otb~r t'IPI]>IUJeA nf litf'nture oli.-lri!Jution ha•·injt pa.....:l I• « t tlrP """'~Y7&]11,.,] .nl•'"'•l•nc tv .,.nrk tb~ 11•., hunr • with ill lilltl'('ll 01 fad• ou •n•onJI: r_be .. to~aat ~ntriltt ],... Tb W~ I.===::;::;:;;::::::;;;;;:;;====:::;;:::::=.;:;;;:==~ ATTEND YOOR ·'.• ··=~~~·:.;., . ::g::t:::;,::~::1::,~;;:~:~~:~:~:.~ :3:.::;;;-~:::~:E:.;:;~~:i:F:J:.:.:: ~.:::·,::~:~~·:.~::~~::·:.::·;~:: . DDUII'U IM\Jtl1\rll M eettD.. Tlr f ftnt lrf'A•";o" JlUn of tb• rl tynm - il .''"" I"''''''· f.., r., .\ mnin,.:•• r ..-.. ~ and oubeorlbe f!>r the ·ArfJetter-:Beituno. .,., ..,,. j>idur~• ••1.' 1,..illl( t•lr ~B. ~ w., Tb e publtr r r..-. tN lhf' n~l for t lr•• with '""' wfr al till' ~ I O<'khl<lrrt llf<' .. , . ,.,.c:m,8 tl•rinJt lbe winttr, .;itb th ~ "'"'" 1 F r ' O t S!' ., :/~~=~. ::.~7!:~. '::e:;· ,.,;;~~~~ ::•,:;:~- th:h:-:,,7,~ 11 ;~~~~'·:/~~ :;~ ~~~~~~7::~·., ~::'·~:.:-:.,~::i~:m~~~: :=.:::::~,:l!~~::::~:i1~ ~:;:..:!,eir :u;d./:~~=~: ~o·~~!'h e ~:: T he oo l1 German ue.. p1;per Ia the et:ate out1lde of Ne• Yc..-k City, repr~oHnlhia:theintel"l!lt orthflWc..-klna:Qua. for!m~:.~lba. Office, 3J5-317 GeneSu N.Y. . . : : ::.: 22~:~?E:~J:;if.;::;~~~¥ i~::::~:.~:~~~:1E1~~~~ ,_-:.:.,~;::::..:.:·:;·:~~, ·::~ ~~~:-~~~:,;::. ;::;.,:~:~~~: ~~~~~~~;~~~~~~~~~~~~ ;::::~:,·;..';: :~:·:. ~: Tbl VWa&e Sdlool or PodunL tbr l'u!Jiir ~boohl ""'- that tbf','" ~~~~ hu t'l l't· Ui..-lh,._l e•!i.llal nl ue to tltt! $ofiaU8t u W<'li Bra11eb ~i1~ o( tbe lltb BUFFALO soCIALIST OLUBBI NQ OFFERS ~~~IR~~ ;~{i."it~ ~ ;:.~ \~i?¥i:~::i;.f:~~~;f~~~~~~ ~~!!::~f3~f~{.~~:~f.~~~ ;~i~~6,{!,~~1:~~~! ~t~~{t~~i:;:;~:"' ., E?(~i;\[.~~~{~~~~~~i~~ 1 1 :n :~~e~:~:::n:· ;:~:·~~~:'~;:~~~e;~~ ~;~~~-~::t:~,,::::~ ~:~;:~i~i~ :~:::~~:::J:•::~:j: ~i~lt, ~{~:_~:.:~;"Y ]~non lbe ::;..:~:~ .7: A~~::~~:1_1 B:;::~o~~lisf.Olle yur ~d Uxninr Nati(Ml one $135 Buffalo Socialist, one year and Pqrasive Woman 6 montlu $1.00 b' -11 1 :~""fi;:;n,..':; :~~~. 0 ~ni 1 ~11rT .,',~w"·:t•~:: ;.~~o~.:;~;;:o",,;:.r:::l:lr~.:: ,\ ~\~rc~;;.;~~ t>n~:.t:::!:'~a'::: t~":; 1 .,,.. 0 PfUI DIG UP OLD LAWS ~~~.:~ .:~~ri:~;::.,i• -:~~~::~:~~:.~.: ";::~ ~~~··:;ri:~:;~:~~:;;~;-Ktion W.~·· tt~~~~:::~-~k~~;:--'.,~;.-·~:~7r~';,~ ESPECIAllY FOR WORKERS ll;~s;~\~::::b a~~:.~:. :\-e~,;,.• ::F~•:I:;:, :,; ~=~====~~==========~ •. 111 o lbe r la b year ) lr. Send ordt n to BUP YA LO SOCIALIST, 62 Wn t Ear le &., Bulfalo, N. \", i• ror.-i <l- ~;~;~t;o;:J,:~i:a~·:;h::,~:mm:~e LETTDTOT~VES #! j!: arnn~:~mrnl~ • .,.1 all Wtll bl' mer - d • ttlilllltl...- """t thtrr or four .-... n Bo .-oo ..... tb•t tlo r • arr I riHm"l' IJuneb e f "t•>ll· l~tll ~omf' • u•l ..,,. l brm a nd t:Lk" ,. 611, l"fk uf tb n•" tht .,, .. ~ "'t IJHilell f<)r T b:Dp ar~ do u•&' all the um.- ."-roond .,. ,,., 1 oG tbt.r<' will be more tl"' ~i! I.efllr.- tL.-"': ;.. ~·- Wp '/1 t .. ll ~ou • Jlt1 W !at• r • bo• t w~ / ,il<' r•t or~ \\a,~Con. II "• a "l1a tr . " {T ome f<>r !>lr• . to • .''' •' ])on '! ""'-' tha t ~l a lljl! l~ t~r• tb,. ,-oua r ~~pM-!'1 P oor .oul! U e m u~t lan l>er JITttly oft u . An d lww ·~• .,c o<! jorr-ecl wllnr t.lt.e read8 tb f' ntao u M n.o-O..lo- ia tbe t"ot~~ill,~C NatUra e•"f't 1 • 11. A....-a't ftuw.eU'• anic"*- " 4 e- ... :!;::~.,n~w~w:..::1/"';0:0 :rew~: ~ OF THll Dn'EllN'ATlOHAL-. 1.,~ &f fl-.tl'• lo~haek To th~ ~-:.d.tor o f tbe llall'alo SfwooJthfl rt ll drg 10 bei,, "'-'" of ,.._,., do..,. not t he ..queal ur 11 do..- 11 a utl ou t 110, 11 11 the lam~ nt of 011 ~ "bo • ~ ~re and wt~brtt to • ta t h" f l'f!htrr U]IOII tome 1w-r..on or rOtJ>Or•tlon 11 it th• plaiD fa.,t• rt(l: aTihiiJl the udt a~ or m'l! .en·lt!n ,.itb I ll~ illt e roat!oaal II. w ." f'o. }' ir.t , you om• l 1101 ht'lie•·f' In Soda \;,m- .,nOU,IIb 10 l ta te th at you fA>"Or Ill l"'lidro. l'ou asay •bout for the tWfl old pa rti~. but ~-oo. 1111,.t not wbi1per a fa •·on ltl f idl!ll .-on<:erlling 8odalrlom. Tbbe u e tll e fad.l of t~e whole <':1!18 · 1 .,..., told tbil .._ Jlla llll." a.; you nu tell a JlOOr ' ni<"ltll! fir a abort ei~eu i t Tlut 11 Tlw->" Th l,"'l (Codut'ed from J>aKe l ) iQ'tt • • ~ f~IIH of dtdTtlltl not 1etlln,r fa or tl'f'alr..,al end k ao..•our. II wn,_P The " kno..- .,0 11 ran ht•l]' t lttm and will lwlr to h<'IJ• tb f'rn -.elvet Y'111 ~•11 d~j~ltd ap011 enr,.. Uniflll lo tiN- rtt~· f<>T !ttl]>. .W•kr. t;IP. \'ou run the nn aed _.-ou fall Jtop thrm. Thy ~ ... ·t Je t t he ran 1taad i<IIP. and tbPTdfl•'t h ow bow to rnrt tb rm witholll ~'mlr belp. (let t o,11rther like tbt' otlldabr and ;o'Pilf'all ha ve ."ff<lrlelf mllj!· Jed "Brla~iltg bome tbe baton" ie ... lit}"· It •boukl take y0\1 1.... tbu • ..-eoelt t11 f d a Uaioa. \' our~ gft t ojtft~r in leN than a n ho11r, !lOW! TlteJ1I'Otk I• uillle. Wll\"t To trim .,g ~ltrular,, ~oatrlrJ' 10 th e ortltn a n~r Tbf ]>1'1•tu<llnjl magttl rat~ tbr-..w tboe Ull<! out ~f eonrt Tb r wollln~: tool• of tb01 )>OiieOI at O>n e ~oattnllllora te.l •s:aoll 01' otb ~be" b•Jt hra•n• 'of tb r rorpo~t e l'l'"'te the far \ that tbf' t ranu~ttOII bad gone afoul. '•BJ'f brai nt" ·~ o~:~<'e bec-ame bu1y ae tl n -o\ aroun<l IP the huntlr-etb or J>agH _of Pr.h nanr1':11 an<l amellt!d Otll aa ortln1aarp that IU~Iy wou ltl beiJI out , tbf' rorporate paruote a~tl i~ 111aeblaHy, . aa tl at Ollt~ .a,..• tl tl'ft.ltoo to tbe J10h«' to rr ·arreoot lh. ll~rpn autl to t b.a rge Ilia~ witlt. a •·iolat•oa of lbP ordiDure tbt f nrhith tbe "";:~;,~n Bran~b ml!eU 11 180 st ref'f,_ on u ll of t bt' orpno u r J t'or t.b Bron.,b ml!t'll at Star ltroatl ra• a a•l l'n tl linte l•, tbtrd Suad 11 dt ~ r 11 oou 3 0 doek F'inatth Draueb meoe tl e >"t"hl rtfr. 5 p. m. , tu KIII@IIOn Y•la and F'.! n-y 1treett. Pol i• h Bran<'b ( Eaat t he !.-.t a11d tblrd Priday eaeb 111011tb • t Dom P o!Jkl Hall, ••Y· . Poll.b Braa~b ( Biaelt RO<" It ) fl11 nil of Se-ereta r,,, K. . Amlt.ent •tret't. Potitb Braoell ( I".A~b-nll• ) at the tall of tile 8eenrtar1, J . ·~·' · ~ ~: ~: ~ok~:::. , b~:~rr~ tb;~~~n;b~~:o':-bt• will auall ;o-ou ~o;IT~~ie;ilEi 1 ~~~~~~~\~ 0~~~:; =~~~~w~:::~~;~.:'a:~"::a~a;,~;ll· 41!eo!::~t=~·;;:~~Ja~~~aeoa. --·t hat 1 would be \ old th reuoe of tt11 EO YOU FALL. . So t.lroe williag •nd e•·e•·•ubler;o- ie PII _!out b 8o11d•.r. of tbe tDontb at - .. . ~'fEBII~d•t:n, ~ 4lemla.l. '*=aue •• a'rnle th&,l . i• If 'fOrA uDi te ;o-oa _•Ill wle ~ use t'(lli ee~a&..de.t~t h·e at oDce putbi1!11e a.,ltJ-pb K,ralilt '• llall,elfl. ' -:!. E.~~~au::?:~ ::"~";t :~~r ~ :::i .:: ~ •:.:::~~.~ ~:~:=::~b!:'~:·:~~~h s:~:e:·o:; wain:;:.:.o~':.::=u o.._ ~ - ~ r ..._. dltelt..at-~. lbnb , l:!:tb 'lrill r• pttl~l ~ •PJiileatioa. la to llr .. W. bdi•g ~Ia at hi. plaee o_r abode, tile dar. ....-enillj at •7t Nlapr.. P•al P . ~. ldl• 11 memorable day to me, 11 It rap- P . oaueu •t 3:!: WNt Earl e 8 tl'l'f!\. urn . be1•1 .tlt.~ . ad~ •u·ee by llr. eorne~ Hertel .. ~t, 8ca. i:";:: ~'1. :!;~~·-:;!::..:~ :;r~r~11~o~;':'~ C<~utt 1 . �• I • GEORGE H. ·coE-BEL OF NEW JERSEY. Flfl11.SPEAKER ON LYCOIM CWtS£ Lectures in Buffalo Saturday and Sunday as follows : .Saturdap 6otnlng, manh 22nd 8 O'CLOCK Klocke's Hall . Gold and Lovejoy Sts~ ~ - Under Auspices Branch 6 Sundap :Jifltmoon,' march 23rd 3.30 O'CLOCK Colonial Hall 288 West Ferry St. Under Auspices Branches 2 and 4 Sundap 6otnillg, march 23rd 8 O'CLOOK Colymb.iaTurnHall J26J-l265 Genesee St. ·under AuSpices Branch Baoarian Hall JOHN UNVER.ZART . S••plt I(Hm 776 Sycamore St., oar. Reed a . - St. .!Wf•.., St. 891-898 ISOo �/ --· BUFFALO scx:IALIST PUBUSHING COMPANY U 1J, f..lt:lo!SI:rcd. 3ni~ ....... , . KUK.D. ~ BUl'l'ALO, N.Y• ~:;:-;r:~-~la!n- ..,., l'ltA.l'lk IIHI:DIJIRtED, 7 - .,_ ,., CA~~-:--N~: Sul.aiptba Pnc. SI.OO p.r year, SOc: lis moalb. payable Ia ..t.aau Czltenod at feCQad~U. I !DaUer Jg.DO!I 0, !lilt, ., t be ,._, oftlce u Bc.l!alo.~~~t,uulk!r the Ac:t of Y ,.n:b 8, !8i9 . SAT URDAY. MARCH 22, 19 U • --~====== ' SH,ALL THEY MURDER MOTHER JONES? _\lo· mu• .. tl h~- tlw l'~'"""l'''''l (of lo>~i n,: itA J,:"l'"ijt rill a ff'W ilripj>iiiJ: olfolllo,... \\ nmc- fr••m lh·· hloool IIIlo I 1~-it'"" uf the workiug dttf',., the 'luu~J·· n;; .,f tt ..- lon·•"l '" \\",.,., \"tr\!miu nro· frnuti (· wi th rag... .\1 till' J•f•·.ll•'/11 t u n•· ) lotho·r .\ mw•. tlw tll· \·oll·•l. ....O.. ~·c11r old ht•rmn .. .,fa tl~< o nstJul ~ l ruL"~l o•"' nf tlw ~<111\' o·-clnSll i1 0:-\ TUIA I. F O H , I liEf: LIFE vnH ll.\10:'\t i TO AID T ilE :\11 :'\ EHS O F WEl:iT \'IR· ; .. ~~~~~',;~ . !~. 1:~.''";:1~~ ,:~::,l. : _· , ;~:;.~= ,;·~~~.: . r: ~~~~:~~;~~ ~;;rl~~-1' hiUI oleflecl l t ",.nn•·u .. u not"lnu, thut ~liE \ rii.J. BE ~IIOT TO I ill loa,\. knowM w) uwr··~-. un s•·lt. nu r o·n: rt•twe hK in11 lit•""~ "'d.\" t h•· tlll\' 11""'' !,J,.,.d ]u,.t - tlu· l'"'"'inn f o r its t 'apilah .. m. ...._ .\lut/,-r .lnuo-~ i~ mllki u.:- lltt dt•ft·n.-.· ~lu· kmn\"11 how I \\"Orkin~! ··lit'~ l~t·furo• tlw mur•lt•rom; tlw ,]o<f,.u,.,., ,f tlw I If Mot her J one& shall die, Ten hundred thousand· workingmen "';11 know . the rea.son why . •·l tllltl w lwtt it . ~~:."·:·.. ::·; :: ~ ,.::~.H 1~Iii :·,~· ';~I:: s lll::.z I 11;:: ~ :11: 11o1::n! >Ht~r 1;, /,;' 1\' ::;,1o1J•: tt;t ~'""''"'·'· loy oJI'd•·ru of.! tlu· rnurol••l' "1 lu· lu\'t•t l ·.\lntlto·r .lttth"ll. ! ~-~-~--~ WHO ARE " TH~ PEOPLE 11 ?' " u .\ luro·l. 1:!. lhe ..,\ kn..u. i L KARL MARX BTc-...-, oi N.Y.Utl 1\nl ~lar:or <lil'd tin thfl Hlb o f!d a r~ b, ISS.1. but ot all m~D that will gro..- in 1(1'1\'atnru u time ruhl.:·r 111111111factun·rs ol o·,·id,.,l to @()('• on tho! " 11 :un1 ~1o~t,~-".. ~•!:~n!~~1•. !:b~{i 11 ;.~-\ 1~,\f ~~·.,"~~~~~.~!:~:~~ b:~.d~~-~~:.,1;::;•::.~ =~.-~~:·f~~i!•~~~,;;u~":?:,~:' 1 \L~~~f:::j;;t;:.;:i·:f:.::::\:::;;;L~;y;;\J:.:~~:xt;::::0.;~:!:~.~ ::: ;,~;:if~:.~·~;;~:;~,;~:.~;;;~~;:·:~:~::~~~;~~~~1~{~~;,~.\;~ ::;~~~~~~~~~;:~;.~;;;:~ ····:. .., I•• •• \tl'\ 11 11~ ub,.ut th·· lt<·ll -tir.· ll w t nwn i t~ u rwttt wll<•.olun·Hto MIND AND BODY ~,~~f!lf~)~;f!~!IE!!~·tl1'1~111llfi:~ 11!!~:, II Ut~l • •TM ~ri 11 ,J t ho· f 111 .,.,. ,,f t ho·ir !ilan·s: · Thr rrnl hontr of th e l'n lturt tl111 11 n iJ · Wh~n lh" p h~·~lcal Al' ptlltl't hll\"~ 11f l h• muno 10nd .\kr•~·.:!. t'~i:;· ~~:~;::;:;~.'r:·. , ,:·~ -.It ';-~. , ';: ··~::: r~~~~',.,~l·~~~.~ri~~ ',~;;;,_~.:I ·~·uJ •Ieof :~~:::.o~:.::~::~~~~;~h:~ :::~:: h~:.,:~·::~ :~~=:f~:·!!·~~!7:•:::~.:7::.::1~;;:: :,7~=~ ~::::~~~~,.~~~~~i:: t ...,; WHY GIRLS " SELL" THEMSELVES nt...W!.~nw.l ~Tt!!.."~af\lriOIIIIbfollloio , .&Jl• e~ploi t a ti o n . Art to thl'm ia only a int.,ll n t of man may oti ll IH~IIII & olo•~ora t ;.n !I n<\ of ornamen ta tio n, ti•·~ 111111 l>t ,-er~- """ "D~ .-.~ .. It ut th e dam a rout for the ..titfartian to praJ"" rt ;r·llltertat •: :or J'f'tir ete it uid t o be a ,·ny etr~ -~ ·be pr oc:f'M of wuhb prodnrtioo. Tllte · ttuh~r. yet it it oo l~· the a llt'!n· ..-e~~lth af the ri eh eauoi•l~ ot ::ood• and tbt w-ide-awake who will pro- t!l lh f'r protloced by mtn or madfl m:ar k<'tito \f'aebing. I n dt l' Khool of abl e u ..-o nomk ..-oloeo tb n:u;:h t he 1:> • the d ull put•ilt art j -ut u l'<.r of mu; ud the "-"J•Ioit"" of t he , and tilt ltriabt and •mlJi t iot~-~~ prot•le produN> not.ltins. l.aho: a!uu.,_ u f~..- u iD uy other M'hool ia t elledu al •nd pbYJiit•l labor- p rodu«-1 uluN aod e reatt.t m11rkf!tt for , .. -. 111 _.,., tbr •hoolde,., of nfb tlriugo u ~ oot J>rodnced by i : ":d I b~.,;r:;• .'!,:~~:~y ~~~: ~~~ "~.:t.: ,.:O,:'•::~~·: ~~:tn;,:•,,wQm~~~;••,.: ·:~;II .;:.,:~ owlt •i ng lbe ~brrift "" tb~ ta••· i'lo.•tunall.•r'll llaw• to••lml tth•ttrn•·•ln a wbil,_..,aff'ln •• ,.•ylun llt; whilto, a ""l' 11-C.t•:s !l"l hurt i11 tlt o& ll¥\lhtary l .. nlet ..-ltllt •nllten, dt¥:1 prOJ>erl y justilied at ond ua"'" aU eoad itiou io prod uef'•l by oue't owa. labor{ aad rtaliutiou o1 """'Y p~no• '• ri1ht t he J>roduct of bit labor it the aim S«ialiom. T be tim ~ :LS 1'0 TJH : 1-' 1:.'.111.\'J.\'f: "('IIA HM." l l. Aa<l re ,J~ }'<!Uijui"r"" uf !'arlo It borrllltd 111 tkf " lllllllllrlllity" of IU fl'rl )ltiOJ'Irl•llltj{ itt thf' _. ••.,, . ot Wu hlt•lo(I O"' llrthlnk• t hey wi!ll"rhllrn>" by i f, Auol ~ou'\ 1 h& I'OI 10 •dntil. whtoit yuu tlr ink It o•·rr, tha t It ~ou"re (lil t to t •l•~t~r ,I'Qur~lf aU ov,.r wi th "~bartn." 1 ~tru·t · J•,_,,, \11 tlrt• nt i• l~ t uf a mnb i• • m l ~o:ht y JII>Ot---J•IA..., to &...-j<iiPf! it. A~ ·••~ J>rot:' .. rol• ton.btr tn •• y: •·Wuma ot .hout.l '"~t a l n •• llll llttlll ll&hlot ido l iaurolertnMtP iinwt" l"'tbrohjf-o:t nlourwBrr.ln tJ, \.\'• Ia )'.,ar.ean-,,., hr. a llllllt ·11•1111<'" rtny:tYt•l fl'ilm a olmi lar 11101".-..-11; aad I fllfl f'Ga¥111t:e 11 t •ut.li~ IIIOt&lity ••iii\ IC' th f' I"Jr l ino Oil tbO' day 1tbf'D thr WOTIIOID Of P'U1•11 llb&tl So .''Ou •••, ill th" etu l, It '• a ll 011 auoun l ur tll • won'"" '' m-1•, tit." Aadr• olojfll· to. n~t .om,. how. .,-., h•·l nt'H' t oU J+r -t tbat t.he J'arlala11 we tDflll ""1'.,...;• 11.'· nut ..•l fur'"'' "~ •lk' h ''uall!ta lnal,oil' !dolt.' ' Ia t ll-l't , h o111 wba t we n n jll th l'r, l'ar it io tb eooeJirtat .. tt y of tilt' wa rl•t ..- hr tl! f""ti ll n'l "ldalo" are attainaloly in 11ny l'flf'lion ou twu mlnu tH' ttll11 t r t P rill«; lut.e 110 IUifra eJ" mow mf'nt worthy of t bf' 11&1111', Tltr tu ll' r&lll' mUI'f'Olf'M I lllul• •••II h10r !111 the I'•Y worlol of tbr allr1 or thr JellY worM of tbl' boull'.-u(l. • A110 lr0' nt &1 nlm blmaottlf. Wb lt,. the IUII'ra.l"t.t ma1 1- "rhna " 111 t••• •l in.r ill t bt ttr~~et•, lt 't a •ia• b tlulltW!y ktl:"" up 1tm111 t ront 'l \ote''UD • anaiuable idol'' lotKI~••J...,.la lly· w~ •• raarplltl'il wltll tllt t. womrn of tb• l'.,i~i •" o rlwtOI' r• ~." whom "" hulolo up 11 a "'ode!. ""'* ll ow•a re fu111th e.rtit.alln iii• •J,.tlt'rtrt f ra la f toiiiii'M!Iiltlo•l•ltlot orcae · iut loa ot the otr~ t ~ar ,.,,.a, u·~a tbrtu glt l'urrl»<ly elM 111 Hplfalo h t.al ltlo.r. HI - --- • I SAT AN'S PIXIfill IH NIGH . Sttu'o empire 11 ri«ltt oo tbl' brl olo: o f tltl! abllol 1n.l toppUarto lt. hll~ We b... e it otr•igbt from tir e IJIOOk world, w\a Ood'o Nrt bl7 •cntUttilt~t:e, R. II. Barber of Ne'l'l' York , ll ..lrte•l tile tbf:t'r i• g ...,w1 at dre ~ 8W "nu.he ta.. H e wilo wiJhe. to vut the ntark of bt.btr day. hi.t indh·i da.ll t r upoa .ltb wDr k nnat Jt _ . . that Seta• bu ltu• galli YallAiilll a roou jJ tile world ret.lof ~ob ,;bo = 1.:-.::,, 1°~~~:,!:.:':d ~t~~~~~ :~ ;:P~~~~~=~~~~= :~~ ~!.'::; ~~ ';;::;:~· :: 7~~~~~.7:::':: ::/:ro·~~ ~~~: : :...~,i:: whlt'! b ~~tb10 ;;;~~'df:-:":i~~~~~R!~~· ~;,."'!"~.!J~i:; t~ hn;,- f~ ~!~ ,..~:~~~~~~~;~~!:!~~:~.:o,:•::: ~=--~D~bo=f'lb: f~;eld·~~"; : · =~~;v-•i:!o~~:t.eBa:~' a.;;~,.::~~~~~~:.~::.":.:~~~~~~ J lo;rru at~d capitati•tt hn>to:a;;; ri~ b , . • • • _. t~e utur&l te•d u~ ion i• l !la.l t i-e lot· 11 b;.f' DO 111 ~ 11 • .• _wbt u t:Jt~ t•r '• wu.ltb ie tilt re.ult :>f t he f~r· I• tlrtt _and_,.-i4 ...L Oa mer '.- labor. a l:l.lll • •tbnt cllt• radcr •IIJ' ~~~~ t o tl:e 8oTllte brotlrtn~ of upitl.l 111d lei"'' • "*'. dtdd~~~~~-~:e~::t~: :~:1 ~;: ~ ••ki•« man by t.lM ban t~t~H&ity of a l i1·ing or 1J1 11111 otboft- powtt;-nl a~•·er be the u pr-ln of kilt rtal o.a· tare . • • • • Joy i1 ~be rrnt PDrv- of lif t , u d •:;t=.:!: ";! .,:o:!: :::~:::!d:=~ » 1•: ,:t:..t'~! ob~ _...t~ appoi.lllluut. made i n thl! n.am• of tbe 1pc1Gb. BI!T. &r~, • • - loa1 eult i.t ~1, prnent a ad fat.,e, aUto~" tb\ oria:Jaa.ll,- ca• raled tiM worl4, but 011 I MOitat of a Un k ep pl• ep!Md• I• tit• P"k• of Edetl, • e wu /IIICDIIed u d S.tu toc.oll com...• •"- Jf .dl t bat t11• ReY. B.uber- •11 q DO aboet S. t.. e , the Jatt'"" Uoe.ld litDYI bw• r«all.e4 qo, Diaee • 1wt pt~IW 1111' _,.e rf'&l, Sow...tcnr. .t.itr d•ri•1 ~ ooht; u.-.ad Jo...- w)'d M )au..,_ •• ~ ~ tUe aJJ tN .ppll -lWtllf' w.&ory ••..•t Lu"'tiiLf;:E?. \ , u- b.l•d - r id. · A_..! bnidd., ... J•ropet:y of tbe .-orbra. a.uJ Krry produe jey tb.t lrip.e.t • 'fM J'fO«J1UUl, a.eeorttia s to Mev. JMrber, y 1 m. 11 ~ maa ..-nlltoat t'!ba~.octer. ,...e ·~ ~ Jlf.I'"ICI• ~U be a ..-orlter", a de.-o~ IIi;- llte to. Joy if tlrtt DOra! 111• - -k a.a.oJ <C'IIp, k.wp'--"1 "la1• t ' - up t or 11100 1 ..,.., · • • • ...d f.IIJM~ alld labclr w-ill bt Pmpt,,.-f!IJ .ua. of h fe ••d u •*"'-r' ._.. . lit• !"-ft. .. _ ie 1 ~ to np.~ 11 , laM -.:.1 <Ntl~." ~- "'.,;::::,":,:::!:'•~ "'ini<IK~•u~•o!r--:==;~.._: 7: 110 ~~'.: ~ l llll'~lbrr ' ' Th e mau llfhu •l•-•11' lt n-.lo tb•t ••tltt warklaJ( """"" •an't • t lfk iauou•lly bim.,.lt.oneo( tb!IM' wbot!OO"'I•'t ot irk. .- ~·l;;:,.l•;~~~~:·t:~ ~·~ ,;~~;;,,'.·,l:.• ~~'':;,,:~~i·~:· . :.'t';;::,.l·;~l1 ::~~~a:~;.•·, ,•:ll1 ~,-','~s 11rr•:.::~~j; u~·· ~·!:_~~nf th~ P~w,,"~'· ,~===============~==~== In tl .. ·i r Hra~tellt wl\~ •trihr• .... ,,. •li•J• r•<"•l.'' Tbroo tBIIu"·• • lt.i " al'~t~ ut'lotn '•o! inju r,...l - iWO!rr ' onr a ~ l rik•r. · w,. han• oft.. n mar~•f H ...t why it lo that whrot t h - tlrtrenJCII "' tl•r'l'r•t• "'"" •t.-•nd upon thr f>olir" i• ~thlt "''"-"· nary 1 too\lr,. mll Ia .:O\"I'It to ~u ..b h nirk<'•l in tbl' •\oml' "·lth • ltrirk.- S..totn• • 1 -t b tlrt*'!Jih l't(ll' i•ln"f •hirl•lo '"""' wl tlt in1•\oi b lr mall. •IOt·•tt't II! lluwe•·rr, u mfntion<'<l abow. """' IIOtl' 1 oblh i ll th e do tlf'. \\'<1 lt a•"<~ f ou thl a <'&.;;<~ whf re a ~01' w&o hurt in 601~ of 111.,.,. ,.n.rulnary l>ltUiflo •J•H"'t. ""UIIl~"• ~o: i r lo •n•l hatt·JII t \' ..,1 workfiiL It OO"Uiftf'ol In .-'okra•, Objo, 1&111 W'l'f'k. ..-bu" 1;,1)()0 r ~> bht!r- .-or lttn .,.,. uu t. Not util)' wao •• oMtu ••u111 tllte ~nre Or injur..,\, bul 1101 wu • l•••lrr &n>t'I DJC tb n olll~t'!r-t ll• Q•rl l I• tact . "'\\' 11.1. IT 1'." ' • "" thi~ '' u•ually tiHt nli n ~J-:o=oxE ,~ol'. ,.n T h··r• • 1-• •••l n•·t hllll..' l..'t'ltn alto! lt..-lw•·it tl." in to~nrtt:l~ At l•~t. aft t r marllo J,.ti f.lll rHtll'tllt atnotl~ 1bt t1<'11 of ' ""' atw,o~,. 1 .,., wbl<1" tllnlr to hlltul , we h&l'l' ~ur<'f!f'Ole-d in hd i n~r a Uti! wltotre a 11\r t~~bP r tT t bt' potirtt fone...-u• t t uallyburtinoneof t bOtt., f rt'q\Wi nt''r iotJ'' otwlltir llt•·e rwdn•·•ry day. Yoo Art' all iaur iliu • ·ith tilt' rf'j[Ul&r Jirik~ r htt Jlory wll l~ llt tOnto tttJm en'!ry bi~: al rikr ~r11 trr. It o..- til,. "utoh ot fren~le..l _. tr lk r n., Jiiii(IIIJ! tllte Ma r.rllJaiH, b<'atlllj! th" r~.i 11&1/, arme.l to tbt t..,.t b , dt•rn rh ltlll I n ftny u.po10 n ( tho· · ·ntl•:ottl•·d l t <'llin~ flf ! lw UtiiSio•n!. l l o· r ~ t nlo·nh·nl on t h e of J,, r ttllol :tl t 'lut r lo...:t., n . \\" . \"u. full u w~: "' I unt " '' .l"•'ltN nl .l and I hul"•·n't Jon..:: to li n· a uyh o w. " ""'.- L hnn·too lio•. l wuulol rutlw ro lio·furth e t'UII'I• · Iowhio•lt I lut\ • 1-"i,···n mu• ·lo ,f u o ~· lifo· .\ 1 ~- d o•nt h would o·nll tho· lo lt•·tolo"n uf th• · w Jo .,J.· ltttl•·• l ~1111• "" '" t"f<ti<li t it•ll" iu \\' PSI \ "Jt·co llln I t wnulol 1..- llotr!h whit•· f ur tlmt n·wwu. I f,•n r . tl oun.:-h . tlwt I sh: tll uut lw •·\.-•·lll•·d " '" ~ 1 ..- will lto•l J,,. o• X•'•• ttlo ·ol T ho• o ·apitn li~t o· l tht!O. t•\'t•ll in II~ ll t lo-rn u t"l fro•ltli•·-~. 11•' 1 •' T (.,r~l'!,. lot IISk it ~f' Jr !Iii.;; ' IIH!Sf iMI: ~::: 11~11 'i it .__ ~:um)ttion i111b~ I w ho ''" '"J•l"t~•· tl,. I•·•·• It unol o·luw~ cof o·ttj'itH li~m. .\ s " " '' h.us 110 w tll ,IJ •. ,J,.. "h•·n tlw 1111..- o·unws- f•·arlo·!ilil _l· fi l!htiuJ.!' for tlw ' ;,: I __ i•I U.t Urutllt with tht W\lm<"n tiiUnt J•r1)J10rlion• . ~t\o •!"IJ f r r tllt ~•dt ~ ~ • i gl-..lllf • • o•r ~.r"~'. 1811. _ ~a)~ J>er lod, bul la«.,... eT1da!U,.. _Iprl»r 011 .., appla1 kl "- 1,000 • . _ , "-" ~· hpr- . i\ ill 0.. •orLrn' iaho:t A ••• if a-titled to •n..,Ui•l lot T• --...e ~ ndl labo~ U... wboole W• wid Re-.-. BatWr aU tae ' tll"-k ill~ wot1d b o bi.lllktu,-u.wll•f espo.t"- -~ a Dd ~_.,. tal- pi'ooiVCft, f'O'n to lh ab-olo:t11 td lile prod•et of ~ labor, er U •eul.1 .. .dltio:ll, •114 tiat'!trrtly tn.ll. tlut •k• tie eN \it. all bovad !'Oild. wiU. a h bot _a a.&.m.e -r1Up lrt.e lru pluot4 iD t ile .bud of a ~lt~,_ ;. a "WJI'I't•T objtoet .-f u,- ..-totu ltri•J ..d bt · 141 tMW-. t1oat 0.. ~-- ..tU , Ia 11~-ler-.:tud ..no. porera-•L-Abra.baa Uacoi.. • ~ be tovtldutly lo-r 10 o 1 c~ o:u tab 1J. 1• . _w.._. ct:nll.liiCPR - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-03-22 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-03-22 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n042_19130322 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n042 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a1eb6c9be101816e220c92d22cf4e9f9.pdf 9e9ad55bc3e4fc06a0d11e4c62227b26 PDF Text Text , ~~~~~====~~ ~T~ IP IT I S YOOit~U. J!IIUIS NUT WIJI!K: THE ~STREET CAR I!IIEN Bn'~U...,._ &anwa7 _tiiO. cllr .o f ....._anc.lllldt . . . ..u'llncullejuolpll..,_ou .... .., _._ • _.....,.or t:ae ~ ._ _ . . t . t en.t aanw.r'....,.,_ ~ o...._ or ,._. Y...tt an_...,.. u.a or tMir ~ cnn. aM~ lla._ , _ " - u. --.:lrl.._ ~'7De fact of UMI :w-....,s.or.--• ......... ..._. u6 tMilwtUI a . . . IUdiJICaakoif ..... '-. dte\o Ullllltlle SOcialiat ~yor Will Draw Bli I\U4ltli1Ctls fl Buffalo - One of th£ Best Spcak.era on (onn --: PlaJn Talks on What Sociallm Want. 1NdiDa: u.u~ n .. or 21 ecw .. ~ • ~ .J7dt7~ I:D u.~ ccel1· _,..,_Ill' 11lU31-,..... «.DO~ Wq ~ tM Vlcil' Ut~~ utare: atM ~co ruc:ll a ~ - - . , . or ~. ~ 0t1ca ~ aD lWiv aa4 ill. dM ettt• .41'11aDJ, TrDJ , kntop, -uc. or pCN. ....... . - . ...- . a -.r, ..,. r... ""' ~.a~u.t a.,.ao,.. betq __..of u Bdl~• . n . - 7ar.. rudl. UMI ausa- ot 2f c.•w or MWwatar, ~. Y~ aa4 ,.... ~ II&Te a bt rat. or 27 c:cataan ~~our; ADd Ill eoaj a:Ddion wtU. yqa or IQol" ua t, ar Da •ora t.J~q t 1-l. U.. aM osae-blt ror ~ aM aJwa,.. u.. ~ tb&t - wm 'M Jutb' 4ea!t w iUL aDd wll!cll. ~ u. ot - • ptnaaMaq Ute--. IJl tht lz' poeitioaa.. •JilOJ'• • ratr ~-: ~~~-=-~tbeu..-:z:! =:: : uU::-:::!: ':=! r:u~~ =:t~~UI~':; =~·- to d.iiiDt.. tTeQ' 1DaA wllo ..... ~ b •1 !D4epal4aacto la Jc;hWII u ~dOD of .a ARREST Of · UNION STRffl CAR MEN Fotce Used as Tool by International RaUway Company - Pollee T ake Orders J rom C. A. · Coons and Arrest Unj on M en - M en Released and Rearrested by Ordftol New Chief of Pollee. f ..W. Tbe Jloli .... of t ba o:,lty o f Bufl'alo a re l'l a ini nF ht jEinnin,; thl' J~rH:oeutlon of h..,. ._n tiHl u etiu of l ;;;,~~~;;;~~;;=r:~~~~~::.:?:;:~~~~~~~;;~;::= i:~·i~~;~;~ wbid• •eJ'• a111 U trill th<"J•uq~ of th" o tp niu.tlo ll llhl tbr m.. thod f'mJlloy;o..t wata ttGJ> o bud thr mntnnnu nnd con ohal"t on Y of in ~ mu~· dt in throushout th e l<'ll l"t IIJIOO rnu•ring a ur. bu t i n the parti<"ular in· Oa 8-'ur.\ny " ''f''llilljE 1-.t. Frank S. lgbt the rllid of to • biNI. an.l ll arlin C. Scohit'tl wert tbt-e J,.ttttt to tb l! l'mJ•Iu~" below thry hn•·e o•·H · Tht' lntn nat ionnl u" wbe11 thty .,.,.,,. lit • ' tnkrn to thn -tulon honM So. 1. n .. y wtr,. kt r t h1 I o't lodt Suntl n~· mornln1 Juolge .tl~mi~~Hd bot h l"lllott. wh OII' II" J<bOal'll f or JIIJ!tUC • to :\lr, Cvona of tb l! Strt" l Rail· :\lontla y mornin~ th f' o·ol a.:a in 1Uo•l :\l or){!ln OU b1~ IIW11 u·~ "' II ~ wu a lro""''1 f<'f' lljtll i UIIC(', ptO< h t• WOIII•I ll l'l' <'llf ll): ll n Ill IWU• • th ~ ~• n,. a rtr r n ~~t~n . :\lo t)lllll ' l'on r t at !bl' limo• "I 'I'Ol llt ••• l . 'fh1 ; oJ "' "I~· .u .~ u . ... ol tlw ··a·,. llntl I h il l tho•y ~ !>Ui o l II li i rnht l· ·t th it 1111111 ~ fto • r b,• bao llto' ll ,Jl. m i~"" I."'' th r! ,J,...·loldl t o rhaiiJ:•· th•• o· ha r~•·. !)n th e WAR! WHAT FOR?. Wa!"'-Offers Excdknt illustration of of th£ Soldkrs on th£ Battk-Fidd thefr Famillea Left H~ to Die of :St<!LrVlLtion l -War!- Let Them That Create Wars Do a11y luuu.a beiar witll l.be ability • Suffe$gs to tftl.at tka umptatloa ola at it be wiU take 1 pMitio11 ~~~· Oeacn.l Electr ic B11ih! · watda tile pHp.le af tke cr-t \&~~ii.aa: oa to t ile l.ateru.· I palace ..an. b1 tbeir t eetla ia to nat<b hom~. Wloerc an all ~ripti(hlt af tb eotuJitioUI ia eitU.... ot t.lla ea.t Balk'-U u a:i•ea bi, trade uaioa Fighting. • • Dow tbt:m.RI«a to be ndfll! aka• w ll.at a terrible lik eea ttlef ,,...._ vt•• =·=::::: I :;;~~';,; pa lilA OK. m.p...-. XuO ·-~ tnoDq ~uuw ..._ ..n ·~ ..Pwt~ ,. llbwt ~ .triM ·"P~ t.t & ...,..: - .......,. t..He ..m..i ...... ........ ~ ... _...._'Dolt T·U RDA.Y AND SUNDAY �A.j •lat for .. ••• adojlll'd ,.,., II cy•· ''~"' ot 11 t•tkd •••e--1. 1 t h f•latlor• . ..l t irk tt wrre Ill oou Mill Itt t b" '"'"•I a.fW• I• I""' wltll. ljun: tliU _..,,,.I,.., jotlb\tallttl. 011e wrr !. laltr J•l•tfor1wwaa ,.l u-ljl'lll.oli· f'IIUOII 1':1'"'1 rtUIUI for tefllgl WI• , ma oe eo n.,. a,.,. t im~ ut ~J•IIl'f' .,.n ou ly "''""'"''" it ,..., ;~.~::·;,';",h':~:;~;;: ::.:::~·..:~:. •li.. j',,, lh,. ......... uf lb .. , •• ll ll<l~ht ""' .,. ... , .. tbt - " '" ·~· ·t""• •• ,~, -~ ba•e ::::::::.::::~==::::;,:===.==~::..=:::::::~~========= t~~:f-~r~~:~~:'~fj;f.~:iJ~ thl' .;;;. loiiiiiO! Wbt•n ,.... rral11r tlar kol( tb o • ;~;~::~;~;··:. .~(. ~::1!:.'-:.. :·~~~. 7.:~ ~~:. ~~ t.f "'" •·•·I "'"''ll~ "I•·••: Wllr11 Wr re·\\ •- - - - - - -- - \ ::;;, :.~:::::::~,,:;:::;::• ~:~~:::•:•:e::::?:::.:::::'~, ::.:::·:~:.~£~· BY BUffALO lfti~RIUIOJIIll ::~::: :~:i;,:\~~::~:5:::~::~~::{::::.::: ~~:I ~~i:~~i~:i~~~:7.:~:.~: :~~::::~; i ••'~.:::.:~ ,;.~· .:::r •• ~·..:~· , ........ ":!bl<b 0 ~~f~~~;:;F1~ :~f.~~~:~i~: ~~{R~~.~...7.:..i.·~_ ...•, __ it\;;.:~~::~Vif!;~:~~::;J::I~;;:t~Rj ~:~~t::;?.~;};.::I~;~~:~~}:~~~~) ~~::i::::::::~::;::~;. Und•r N•w Man-rnent 211 Cents ·-- Our Bill Noon Dinne r -- 211 O.nts The Cozy "Kaiserhof" Peter llllppel Buem ent Mutual L1ftl Bide. EDuuce on Pearl S tnet IINSURANCE I E. W. ~OHN8TON LACXAWANNA If Mcadow l.a.oe What Ani You Oolnt; T o Do? P'I!D. t UO I FillS T IU •.M K ILKV.ATOR 1'1.\ ' WHEI L I 'LATK O I.I.SS 8 T i AJI 8 0 1U:l r~ta"' .... 1 BATTISTON 1 B ROS. BOTrLINC WORKS · Ooale rs In C.lllornl• Win• •nd Uq uo., llllillllll llhtlll 1111 Rill -~" ~ooo·l•b.. ••••!. ""' l oo '"'" ' . " obom • toiM iodi.,m••• io u•oo I"'"',:,, .. ,, "' """ """""' """""'" 0000 !''""'' ;,,. t oI rlo••ro• loa• 1...,•., 1.;,,. od 1•,1 ~ mo•lrno, rho•" J••tr•ut•~m tho·~· lam n· furnrt hed II now ha111lng t ha t may at la~l Ja tl<ltb~m f"•'"'•',::)" 11 · ~1lloo:hto·d s:rnut,.l, •·•lr u•o h<>•J' II•I fnr t hr wouud•·• l irr tbrh work · in th e . j't'Ditrnt i.a r~. - . !.~s;~.:~~~~~~~:I;Jt,t~t:~~~~E::?··;~~ ~:~;:.: ~:~::~~~::· ;~~0~·~· :.::"f:;o'·:~ x::~~!~·:!: .::::~~:~~~ Tb r rr ~.· 11~r ..f th•• • •· hvol hullolins:• Wbtlo• tbr mn• of tbr JM-Ojllr bung<"r c:la!ill ou r ull r r IP" It'mj•l ROCHESTER STRIKERS HAVE BIG "''\~~; ~~~i~t:~~;,:·~=~•;.urorrrmPIII bout ::~:o·~~t: :~··::, T=~~11!r~:"li~~.~~: ~b~~·"=~~~o !'~~:d::;·~~~:~br"'(~1 :.~:; otbrr d•~: JJH1k,.11 Ia Wnw_ra ~e• York . :~:0 ~~:1· wiel<ling elabo! la tl :~~·:~,:;i=:~;;r:!:' ;;~n~ (:~t,:',','~'ii.:: .~; flO~~~~~ ~~~:~:b:,::·~:~ : : :..";,::~ m!';~,;~h:~~:.u~te d~~:::;rat~~:rreo ~;::';~!, ~~:~:~,;~::•·poli~e but jltlli l h ''" a .. .t .,,. of ••lur on ly • • t ro..., that tb" lut bit at bomr of P...,.. :. Sr-c-h a oll f'rl!e '""'""' ,.,.., h"hl r«f'h·rog ob ••ge. t h ougb tbe ¥!2~~;.:~~:;:~!&:x~:~f3~i~:~: ~:.~:~:, ·~~::7:~:::::~, :;~::;;;; ;::::~::[: -i~:-~E~~:·~::;:: ~::~:::~";:::, -:.::.:·. f'tnm~at. 1.0.'.\ l , OII:(IA'\' IZ,\ T IO:.". ~CIAI.IST J• ,\KTY .o.-o. 'Thr todr. .. t : w. fo."ur l'r\'•i•lr~<t. .. ritot ir ••nt h uooum of .,f'ttalll On!f'n l Two- rhln11 WW N a1'u &atunl. II~··"'"'· O,rg""l'rr. ,,..::.,~ ~~:: !;';~::r!:::::io:-. "~ mt-ettag wt ll be a:; <:f'IIU, wlu <:h r lutl ,... a oia mouths" i . ~l·l;:~~t:o,..:;;:::~~.. To~"~ ,:~::: I ,,A,ft••ft;;;:;;-;;:;:;:;;:10oA't . lll. . ohllj:; t 'ull...-.tor. 0 A. ~'air~hi l•l. ---- a ra11:11 iu batt le. ! 11 lklgn.df', lately F:lmwood lluJit' llall Apr illtb ·~ l<'a<llng tn.d..-.unioll'i•t W'U lolf ri~ a u,) bef or f. l>eb1 auJ Wa1Tt11 11....U 11 ,,. trlotie priHt took oppo rtlf .. Lty help. Are you wi t b lberul H thr :~ ~z:~~:;,~:~ ~a~~~~~:·:~~~:~.t!>;:.~~;; ~~: :.~ ~~~::~"~!er: '~b:0 ~b. SAMATKINSON SPEAKS AT . SPRINCYiill. SATURDAY :.:~::: ;;::::.,:,::: ::-::: ;:.~; Will lliiOWN CLEVE EVENING, MARCH15TH :.'~.:·..:::.,!·.:-:r:;;:.:".:.·::;~:: 1U1 - I. . .J~>,~i ~t·:ii:"h.· ~···~' i11 ~ ·:~:~~~.10)1,:~~~~~' ~~",:.:: !:~~~: lAND SOCIAUST :~:.~:.~~~·~~·,~::i:~~.. ~~:th; ~.~~~',.;.:: IW71~irt~ hll: ~~~ft.;;~ ta~a:it~· ~:~ a&lld . ' no•· .. r.,, ~~- t:.. ~~ Tr:::::::~~~ l~r:-;,~;.!;::-;11,. . ••lt~t 11'<'1·""''• .-11- ::\J'ot.D«r; t.'otl<"r: 7~1 ~ ~ 1111 ~ an~)ll~ .." 1• For oloOf' -!or 1 1 -itoa •·<'f'N t i'- '""''".,. •1'1-"' faNuit.. ben Tllef'f! ~~ _Soria! Dr•OC'.~tie Ci~~~= ~~~:~ ;a ~=~·~t :o l 4itl.) be - - . ~~~· La~r, :;..:::d f=~~ at aad . of )'ol •t ,...~ t.w_ Jli"T'fl""lillJ til .. rl<'<'tloa. t¥ S.1alift ,;• .Udatea. n.omu ll~t ef bo- ..U .,.,.,. a S....ia li.n ~ alld lut yar ! or wu a o.-.1 to'::!. !lifo !Nat. • • It &. ia,aabr•t . . 11 1-..ti... .,...,... - ~to..:•.:! =·.~:u.:;~:; ••••" ,.,d .laJr K f'Nior l.a tllot ~at tilt- a ..p " ' " -• ,,...,..,_.. K tra aad .-.-.y. ~toft tbt • 1""'-k<'t ~ loed biiKbd n . .__.. a ~·._ d•b. '"*'"' ru :M.e .. .W atRn, pporten ..,.. a l I.Ma ~ Balter, d1e Df!•OII'n.tic ,..._.. . . llowrnl'~ • ::: wu a prollliaot tpn 111 !::1.1~ ~:C.~"::~ ;.-:,..:.-~ .... .;_ .em. ta CJe,.~ of~...,. ..: ...::!. : .ld4eai. ~ =.: ~~~:.~~ t.. d- • •II - • bP .. ~rrl aad tiM-! u. 1 ~--1~ A11ltate a nd • ubsorlbe f'or the llrDetter•:aeuuno. T lte OD IJ' GermiUI aew·i paper .eat1n1 ll ~t<lll te r~tof In t ha tta.. Oll&llde ol lfa w York ChJ, ...,.. the WoRie &: 01-. -60-&1 ftwi iiiOII tbt. Offiu, 315--317 Gcnatc: Stru4 - - Buff.aJo., N. Y. BI.IFFALO 8001ALI8T Buffalo Social~ one yeu a nd "Appeal to R&.uoo" 40 wcc.b Si .oo . Buffa$oSoc.iald:t.one rear aDd N ational Soc.i.a.Uat 6tr~CW~tbl $S.OO Buffalo Socialist. one r ear aDd Internatiqn.al Sodalilt Jitnft 01:1e yu.r$1.25 • Buffa.loSocWist,onc year and Cominr Natioa oqe r c..u $1.35 Buffalo Socialist, one year and Propaai.-e Woroaa 'moa.tlu $1.00 Of'den coBUFI'A. LO Wftt faJJ.t lk., Bd&lo,ll , Y. TH E •~""'" \ .;;.,, :,~~;·~~::t;·s.~~~lll7:~:..;: )~:~~ :"':tr"w u~ rfte-u~·~!i_...~ ;-=:u::ftk~:~:"Ml:~~~·~~~~~ llU. -..i~"':~i ,r;:.ltf.:. 011:::n:~~a¥:1 . .::~~ · .. :~~~:~·:: ~~~ ~:·,\1:;..'U:m::~. ."'~'~"w..,.;:;; !;.;;:~ r;:~7..:~7'; 6 ~~:;:"';.,r::::'p~1:. ' ""'"· 1...._ t ·...l,.., .,.,, 1\•l ...... tnr. 0..•. ---=- · ~.::~"~' rd• "'-•IMi al "'riiCAL WHOLl Wlll Ar MIAD. :::. 1,,....,. 11 , 1~ ... ., 0 ., ,.,. be ote ol louN tb•t eaOJ.e. · Get a lou<~fb o! ridtoetl ,lnhn Hunt bf'r: T ru•· noa n•· or th<' ~ lo~•·~ ren ~omn. do. a 11,.8 ••it or dflay. IA:t '• ~.: :~~~:~:~,~~~T~!;,:; ~·~~.~~7.;.,:!t•n\;\ PHYSICAL CULTURE "uu~~~~:l~t~ifJ~~"' RESTAURANT S , r;~(~~!{i~!i?~~{~ ;f:fl~ i f. fi~~:.fi1.~~~~~~~71~l~~' ~~i~~~~~~~fz~f:~1·:~~ ~}~:~::~~:::::~~,:~:. ::; or a ll l•w• lljou n all r\ t lKr tlf alok~. "'i t ~ b~a t> 11· ur kia~ JlO Wf't. fCpr!Cial att•ntktu J[IO' IIill ' " pbocM! onltn and ptvta pt . .1i""7. .J1, .lf iC•...wi.ll. ,,,,s.,.,,_, y M r.....-.t. • d.ertd 1 la ' auDD .oau,L. dod lllllken' dr- - r , &ad a auaN'r tiN .. a 8od atiA. ~ti-. •P H t wu a aa4 . . . . . aaJ,-S.Cialiat ~ ti_. iuiaJ 1... _., o, of A pril Qat lMoi_1'. 1M- WGIIM'a·, a-t. will ...W a nbber - - ---.. t• t ile beadt of t.M a... ~ COlllU.D.E d ala.t. . . . . _ta-ri.a&' 111'" oW: na~ A.~CE A...I\LI lloen • • · ADV. �. _ ~ QF MILWAUKEJ!! Jo1nh SPtaktr 011 fYMII @lfSt .Lectures ill.Buffalo Saturday and ~y as follows: . Silturd6p €otning, m6rch 15th 8 O'CLOCK; Klocke's Hall Gold and Lovejoy Sts. Under Auspices BranctJ 6 Sund6p Jlfttrnoon, m6rch 16th 3 .30 O'CLOCK Colonial Hall 288 West Ferry St. Under Auspices Branches 2 and 4 Sundap €otning, march 16th 8 Q'CLOCK ColumbiaTurn Hall J26 J- J265 Genesee St. Under Auspices Branch I 8dlectlons by Arbeiter Maennerchor �E:alored .. ~<'- maner J - b , 111!, at lh• pwt crftSoe •' Bnlhlo. Ne~• YOfll:, D.Dd« Ule A.o& of II~ 8, 181» SATURDAY, MARCH 1~, 1913 CAPITALIST "CHIVALRY" In W u hiugtou the other day, a bowling mob of P<'IIY capitalists from a ll 0 \ 'f'r the (:ountry, showed their dV\approv11! of th~· .,,.,.,;,,.. [ ••• tion of wouwn h.r insnltint;. mnuling Arid abUJ~ing th~ wi"t:ll, ruoth<no I~'""'"'"~·· nntl 11isto·l'!< o f · ·frn· ho rn America n voh:nt.' ' w ith the 111::th-e conu i•·n n~•· of tho:' polio·(' of the t"IIJJitol. llrun~:-~,~~7!::.:~ ~fo~;:!H .~~~~~ch i· , wOrk o f ''hoodlurn.s.' " us • The Hlll'IIIJ I\.Ii o r tlw t'llpitnl ilit Jlii JW'MI to t:o-.·tlillj..'ll nml to Jay thC' hhune UJ)()II the J>ennt~_d,·nnin ,\v.,nue. 11imply 11hows to will !CO to pr~···..,nt ju.~ tice tieing donl' the women. W t- Ullllt•t-.:tnnd thut thl' renson wht; the mo!J ,athtckt"tl tlw ,.-utrragiJrts is Utcau~~e thrs" fea r ed woml'n woultl roh tlwm of the d,.Jightfulllth·A.tlltlp-~ Art,_,r 11 t·11rdul t•l11min11tiun or the g ruuml, we are th11t <'RJlita li.~t indtUilriRlimn hBII J.,ft any t•t·iJen ees of whit·h tho• womt•u can lw ruhll>\."1. CertH in l~- it fioet~ uot Jlnln ll fry l'll]litnli~1 nml lncko·~· cl11l'S which luu; 110 hetle r way in!,! itfl mm1r~· thnn in nllending nntionnl \"llntle,·ille 1hows like '"""" lu•T tl~t• Wm;hin~,rton. It ill intert'til ing to noll' th11t wh~re the e rowds l"OIIIIist •)m01;twh6Jh· [ " "" of wo r king p t-op](', 11s in tlw cal>K' of par11dt11 11t Ntw • big ~·('Uit'!"S. !hi' W nl\1!"11 lite Rhl'/1,\'11 lri'A\('d in~turJ •·rowtil-on~ia;lo..'<l nlmost wholly of .. the IJ>Cttc r Ju-.•lt•l"!l, lnW.I't'f"ll, ~"'""·'· hus inNI>! nll'n a nd othertl who utJ• bully ing_ tho·ir ,;;ft•no~ruplu•n;, 11nd der kll 111 homt'. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-03-15 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-03-15 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n041_19130315 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n041 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/5824e7919a5b517e719c4c7c3fd31497.pdf 6acd31a3fd3d9b301fa1108e53783652 PDF Text Text r rLOOC~~,.T~THI=""n""-~~~~ YOOR-1..\aL ·IP IT IS .u . YCOR SUIISCIIli'TIOI PlRl!S NBXT Yl!l!lt RAILROADS SOCIAIIT MOVEMENT Be wbo ..w.e. to Ja..e • •.ur. iD Ure bedliial future be i;a dJftllli:Dc of m..t - hill duty at the pn!!MD&.. for the pnMDl il the lllfrtiKo:r of tile fature; the han.tiag tbwi is preeedect the time of 10.U.,. Wha_t yoa d.U. to 1ee ecme troe ~DMJI'rini. you mllllt prepare today. In er w , SoeiaiWD will DOt bloppea, it will ban to be III&C1e if'it ia to materiali&e; it wiU have t9 e by mea, and tile pt'(le!MI .of ita wcfti.q ill toinc oo uow, a,uuapeeted by thole :wb01e a,ht it bliDd to tbe sill» of oar tiiDIL ' "'\. ~~~ ~;a,:~";h=,:;:d d!t:_r.:U~~ B)-.tem ' of eultu~, · at leut u far 1 ~ the Soei&IBm will be tlle prodoet e\ifefty of two potrerfuJ faetors: eoooma.ie foroes and powen an4 i!ltelleetual fon!f!ll and powerL Ia your miad I!ODRioualy oue of tbl.e intellectual foreee t Are ·Y:! :th! you 0 -:;1~:.)!1 :/~=~~':':ma:~~ir~t .oeial ~ov'~ent. H yon do think to you, are cr-tJy ll:liltaken. It ill jUit Lh~ indi'ridu.al that eountl wbere"rer human inlere.il are eooeH'Dtd, for indiriduality il tllfl fODDd.at"ou of every_ lioeial movemeat.• · • .. In the head of the iDdiridaal the. Uabt mu ,t shioe that shall illuminate the world. in the bead of the iDdividoal the ~ptioca ripua w bieh are to tranaform .oeiety; in the bead of the individual tbe ideal a grow whleh are to be tb• nalities of tlae futa're. • . Ev~r;r IOdal mcnoemo't ill compoeed 'of. and derivet; it. .trengtb from, i.Jidividuala, aDd what· ', ever ia to be dolle for the eaa.: certainlr mtHt be done by iDdiYiduals. . • · It il of the poeat8t importance where you take take it ; it ia of your stand, and how you ::er~~~y~~::iffe~~ ~O:fl= ::.tl:;=:~h:i:~:o~:n!•~[v~n~:i~~:.:~ · . lAW .· UMIHNG HOURS OF LABOR I Men Worldag Twelve Hours a Day on Buffalo Creek fW!wav - Endanger Uvea of· P.uamgera -.Small Waga and Much Responsibility Good Olance for Authorities to Avoid Fatality. It bu to~ae to tbe 11otiEe of tlle Buf· tbe mAia Uae tbe IIDe · l• •i• J it t raek talo Socialltt tllat tbe •team n.UtRdt ud i• opereU•<l "by tb~ blod: ayatcm, U. vlolatiDtr tbe law ll•lt iD& tt~.. bo11n ,-.rallcl with tbfl Buft'alo Creek tra.cb ot labor of mtD laaadliDir train , 'lJ)MI law• or J be t late of New York aat.l of tile Ualte<l State' dearly atate that a11y employee wbo bu aaytbi111 to t;:.:; . ::,,.w::rkt~:~"!'lldfra/f and working ab~ad. OT ad~ one, atandioc atill whil~ tbe woTld a.round you move~~ onWard-it ia of the hi@htwt importance to you and to ua., Do not ~m of a beautitul future, worli: for it. Do not wait fo r tbinp to happen, join tho8e who a~ aetive io produeing the m , in bringing the :n about. . Workiog for a .CfU.t eause ennoblM the life o f the . mOst bum~le pf us a.ad gi\•efl hutnA.Il ambit ion il worth y ob~t. . a. train• •ball !IMP a Dd tb' J•. R. R. of t11e Claautaaq. . m .. laioD, wbl" b ' ' alfo aio«le ttKt, DllkiDf!' a daagerou, eombi11atio11, 1n tbe men operatinK tbe lnterl~ti nr day. aad algnalt work tweh ·e bo11n N-u111erou• t omplai11l1 ba,·e TbHe mea work twelve hour~ • day, aadt to tbia Jlaptr about t be 811ft'alo 1•11d b.andlf !!2 l'!~.eager train ~~~d llf!'· Creek Railway 111 tbi• rt'prd aad it I• ~ra.l regular f rt'IJ.bt tralna. w•t b daiDled tbn • 11umWr of ioUitllger tKtio~~a ot n~b· replar t rain. ud tral~~a' b<mllo.l f or t he ..; , a11<l wut 11... a eonntleu number of yard train tblt ,....., for lluft'alo coaa~t iODI, wbit b pau tbl1 pornt to deli •·~r llnd re· u"- 1 tb~ , fo\lowla~t: l'uuyl- r ei.-e fromare tbe rlearly d ifl'trf'UI•·iol11111g ro.d . 'nia R.tbem R., t:ric D., I.. T be fr~iJ!bt rallro.dt :~:~~:~~===:;;=====:;=========::=========== I 'amOAJr Plate aad B.. R. 1'. a nd the LebiJ!b the " ll!ht-honr I•• in 1bl1 tiM'. Not .1<. \\"., N kt~l 1: · Val ley. ' onl~· ;, !t all iajury to t he worker!. b ut Tbt D.. I.. I; W. and W1buh m•kt' brlie•-.. It 1•. 1 ~rime I<> eada11ger I t the j 11nction of Senera !ht! li•·H by y lad ni 1 ' .,.· ork. "P. �. . . . . . Outfit No.4 =:.~~=~~::::!~tJOf pi)Jow, lis: budl-. Ram• oa\Uda o.M ot ploe, tl!tpaftd pi~ brown babll. embalmlar, b"-ell: 1-.ne:: &larM OGi&eb~tt cbatn.. burial pu=h, eold'p"'ltl eve ai>CI auf:Gduoe, Toc.al 0011' . • I GUAR.U.."TI:E aU \loe f.OOd- taubhed ud dHI ttn*'t reltdered fat •uperloc- '9 &nf tornlabed b7 U~1 Olber UJtdenak« 1.a Bd'alo tar thl! 1 orbl&a.Dt priaM the7 will c::bufe. Bell PboDe. Od'ord Iii Pedowa1 I'booe r.at E.':WEDEKINDT -~ �OF 0~10 TH11D SPEAKER ~ON. LYCEUM ala Lectur~ in Buffalo ~huday and Sunday ~ follow.s: 1 [' ' . Saturdap €vtf!lng, march 'Sih . 8_O'CLOCK · . Klocke'Sli all Gold and Lovejoy St5: Under AI:J~plces Branch 6 . Sundap :Jifltrnoon, march 91h 2 .30 O'CJ_.OCK l - - Colonial Hall 288 West Ferry St. Under AUSJ:!ic~s Branches 2 and 4 Sundap f;vtning, march 91h 8 O'CLOCK Columbia"Fllffi'Hall · J26J-J265 Genesee St. Under Auspices Branch Stltrtld.ps bp Wutz Young f.adlu' Quarltllt .. . ., �....,.,...,WSIXLT W'r Til& . .._...., BUPFALO SOCL\LIS:r POBl.ISHING OOIIPANY u ........ ....._J.~.._ IU.JtT'Df......._ ......... .. - ,.......,. aJPPALO,JIII.Y. .-.....~.T- ......... ......... ....... --J--. 1M,.... ....V~.~Wib.r ~ Ez:.ieed .. -..d-ca.. ~do, It-York, W, P. CA~.rt. ,.~ ~· · ttu, ., llDCiertbiiW~Jiucbl,l819 HONOR TO THE QERMAN8 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-03-08 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-03-08 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n040_19130308 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n040 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d10de5cafeb7770a2f3f36dfb16356cf.pdf 3c020f9a211e02671d3618aeb309d00b PDF Text Text F.REE· LOOitAT THI! ~O. . YOOit ADDRI!SS 1AIIl. IP IT IS '. 40 YOUit SUBSatiPTIOI'I J!X.. PIRI!S NEXT 1VI!IIIt SIX THOUSAND-WORKERS MARCH AT FUNERAL Of MURDERED GIRL STRIKER Dead by_ Employer - Capitalist Grand ]taT Approves of Deed - Violmce Applauded When Conimlttcd by Capitalist Class or Pollee - MUrderer Flees from Rochester by First Train. . j;·,r,.-..-;;r,;·;~;;;;~~l !5hot Thf polio·e are eh1bbing the nriktn " '"UY ot•t>urllwity and "'''f>ry aip.t are l.rr<'~teU 81"''"' •trik~,. for aotloin ~ moner h> TM a:..t · a - olai rn that ,.., l(ayw o f l'olke ue faor, bat 0.. Of GIRL STRIKER ALLOWED TO CO The 311ebael 8 ter11 Co.. U•e la~ ~"""" 1" " " " ' III&DIIfactt11ren l11 R.ocben.er, who demaady tb.at tile him tl5 tor the pri'l'ilep .C I l. Abolltl.ao!tu~l::r'acU.. 2. PCil1;J~ (U) •• ~- (1\)} pw eeL tDen.aM ID ~ for 1ao1an ~ eo!llt!tat. a WMk's work. ..!··... ~ctS.~Of:::u.to ;::~!:s:;.,\b::bl~ :.._~pt~ ~=~·,· ~.~-·;,· ltU~IMI~iAIItY t alt. ._. tea- au...un rr- a. -* WIWbn, IUid t.n _, w • Ubtria-.UI:r~--'bthnla* ..,_...,.,~ .............. _....................... ..,..it .... ...,..._..• ..,._._ ...... u.. ................. --. (I) , lt'odlllcriatudocapllln&II,J'~ f«bml.la._'IIKott:M ~~~ ~ e. . .,. 1st. ..,u~• __ ,~·-· -~.,......_.,_...., .,~ Ibn ...... Mlect . . . . . . . ~- ito "' t or tiO per •~k. or~ en of the A. F. L. hue a davlt.totkatelfeet. �~=~~ i~ ~~~t':o~et:..!!: ::~r':'.~t.!!: r:~:; : ;. ;::a ~~L~~~~<:O=>C:=o-• belr:.:~. ¥aia, No. MI. Yoa wiDI-... w doUU. hoalaboo~ a ad bemftflll U.t J1MI; a raaloN r.ad N Toulaotl .uk lilt • If tlle«1 U aaytbiq DeW aad Ur.al tH... Iaaot .. lq J'OiltaD ton 0\'U l .. o p.. IIU. fu t~~'::r~:~~.:!t~~~~~-=::t.:c·;:-,- .,==,- to c.sU up ba • • • • • • • • • • Outfit No; 4 :;:-.~~J= =::!:.! Fr;E~rli~~:i2~~t~! ;=;~: =·=r=:~;~~!t::.~~· to cwWU.al pricM tbo7 will ebar(t. B.lll'bau,Od""'·I t..::.~ _:C_''!_:-:f• _,. ' , hd.-.JPblloe1111 E. WEDEKINDT UNDERTAX1!R J'.ND Ft:JNER.AL DIRECTOR No. $ WAJ-DBN A VBNUB Under New Man. . ."'ent: 211 O.nta -- Our ••• Noon Dinner-- 215 Cents The CoZlj "KaiaerhoJ" - Kllppel . EDtraao. oa Pw.li a nt ~~t • I> lou,. ' " run~ or Plst .. ~ ohou l t h s •o· lu j!JI•••I h unUj• anol mode b immal<P 1 a •i•"•r h . I~ W<' olio\ " "h<'D ' 'TOitllliJ'' ' f So. n>~n Tbon••• ' ,..., b•·•~ l'•,.D II t oll .,.,. o•a Trh h>1n agni n. rtr~nt ly (I not i~P t ll:u 11. , .,,., ,. M 0111 hk··lir~t ,:i r l• ,:ot h n 't it ""oruler f ul h o"' mn ny '' .,;,,, •n lhn11l.'". nf ~onr~•· l. in l h(' <'Cnt~r ~]>irittd hu•inru men '' l h~tP a rp at rhri r rorrlr 1\flr r tlo<' no;·~ti 11g. I....a•·e thl" ; 111uronrf. rorupanieo .. i•h II> I it T<· l"on.·ll- or an.•·l·o•l.•· rrow llu!!Aio. , !Jill li k,· tb~ M 11rtaugb·.l a~klon for tho \ matlcr. Wb~·, e 1·o·n l l tnry W . Killl"fiii "'Q O ' Rourke Spt..U.. re~IL'<i fo r t h ~~ ..ion a nd R~~:~.:::·:~ ~:·:~~~~~~~~;~~~:~; d :::tf;:.l :;~~~::ett~~:~·::,~:. r!\;~n WCII~ aoi<IT<"~"'· I thl" \'onnj: I'I.'Oj>lc the other kno.,· " "bit &II r l'lort that 11~ •h •••UaM•I thrr<! J>oinla: heen fo r Oil<' sn far f ro111_ t he ""'""g l ohoowod •"•ni ll_.:. -::; ~~~~~·~::·~~~,·~,:1~::~::~:·~;~~·~~:~ ~Ia\~~. "·onol~r •bo fu rniahetl tb~ Orl'..,":atin" U.r S rr<!o•a.uyf (J ) Ca n fnr t he t ri l' t o A lbauy; m:o.yl>e "orooh• m 1\oe ~:~r ahli~b···l 'fhro ugh f'olil· ·lonat e·l t o tbe (.11omber o r ~~~:' :~:~~o:,:h. or,;·~·~t;,:~· ,;~:~k<;;. :~~~ ~~~-::~:~;:h·~~t~~b:·~:~~~\~::.w::. ....., .. IHUnN~UO 'Ill""! lUll .. U~<"•\ I L•l I ll· olured tbC pa y Of h i• ~m]>loyeta. twu~rt ~·"a tlnur .l nlln. you ' •·e 1 t(Qi to;.:•·tup <'arl.•· ,.,,t . a.o·ur . l!pr ra h,wr ..·o n t ho• r u]>. \\"bo•n l1!.J:S I DI:h'T 01' V A.88AB. QU IT S B ECAUSE 0~ ABC SOCIALIS TS Alli' D Suits and Overcoats In medJum and heavy weight at · about one half regula! pifce. · Suits and Overcoats th21 sold up to $40.00, you< choice t18.150. Working Ptoplu [yteum Bldg. 580 ST. PAUL 8T., R8CJIE8TER, I. Y. Bowllna- Alleys a nd Up- to-date. Rathskeller Dinn~rs.from. JJ.SO to 1 P~ .M: · Suits and Overcoats thai sold .. up to $27.50, you< choice ~4.110. This Is your opportunitY Celebrated KNOX BAT~ . ~~~~~~hSpisiiiiOO ....... ,.........,,_.,,,1 iWfit. Loq.oialllo<l �GEORGE WI~LIS COOKE WIUAX'S oRYT00oDS·ST9RE ~ ~~~~lft;l ·or MASSACHmTTS SECOND SPEAKER ON LY(IJJM CUi. All Winter Goods at abou! half pricz to make room for Spring 'Goods. of artidea that vO.. need. Coetll notb!ng to look and' vr.ry llttle to buy. ·oft£ dollat does the work of · two; Spcdal!Ow prka In fura, Un_derwear, Glovea and Dr..a ·<fooda• Hundrida Lectures in Buffalo Sa~: Sunday as follows: · Saturdap Eotnlng, march lsi M. WILLAX 8 O'CLOCK -'3..__ .K locke's Hall 1268-70-Genesee St., Cor. Kehr IDUR OWN TRADINQ 8TAMP8 WITH .EVERY PUROHASE DURINQ THI8 BALE Gold and Lovefoy Sts. Unde~ Auspices Branch 6 Sundap :Jifltmoon, march Znd ~•n do no wroos. Striker& time tlr.ey 'llfl11k, you a manufacturer-be'• • :·:''" l• •dl•••""' b"<d or cata,'' 10 2 .30 O'CLOCK Colonial Hall to •peak. P~P"''-""'J'roperty,and prope rty, i• t.r abo\"C you k now! A11y body eould tee tbat. Shoot dowD. 'rhat'aallrlgbt · abt l'f:longa to tbe clau that w be ahot dowD.- ( You tee the CARD PARTY AND DANCE UNDER AUSPICES Womtn~s Club and Branch 5 Saturday J;ye'ng, March Jst, J9J3 288 West Ferry St. Under Auspices Branches 2 and 4 Sundap Eotning, march Znd 8 O'CLOCK ColumbiaTurn Hall FRANKLIN HALL, 52 West Eagle St. JUJ-J265 Genesee St. TICIETI 15 CTI. l£fifiHMEITI Music by Youne Pwple's Soclallst League Orchestra Under Auspices Branch I - - - MUSIC BY SOCIAUST ORCHESTRA - - - Turkish Bath Firat Showlnc Seneca YURNISH!D ROOMS WITH OP SPRING HATS ALL CX>NVKNIENCZS Turklah, R u -.lan &: P lunge 168 Senega Str. .t Q. Roch$ster Advertisers A R M E'N A' N T E WM. PIDGEON, JR. lllcl• ll•r Ql lmllr Cf.Ua /IMI Wateke -'11 atoti W.,.,.gtffJ "¥C',... SHOES F lne J ew elry Rep&irlD& to yo.u r measure, at prices no higher than rudy made, at Co~Op~ra tive Tailoring Co. JS•J9~.11_. 513 ~ BulldJng ...ani, I. f. - --.11. ~liNll' WGRKfilltl-.SATURDAY,· MARCH 1at : �..UBUSHaD W'IBl.'f a1' THa BUFFALO SOCIALlST PUBLISHING CXlMPANY ' ~l SlY. EapStr.~t,.ldaKAIITJRH&lSL&It.,.,.__ - BUFr'ALO,N,Y. la;l:Gt~~.~ws- ._ ,._ c;A~~~Y. ~Pfb $J.00pwy.,,50c:llh~JWY.W.Ia.._ . ~· ~ u-*-daMIIl&UttJuatl, 1t12, •' tM pc.tC!So." Bolr-.14, Ne • York, ~rtbeA..ett/t Kueh l , t8'it TO '£..,., d " l!:r'!# of cl••lrf"ad11t ioJJ to wl1ic iJ th011e Pf..'OVIe wholll w e >I•' Kio>o l to o ur "liLe rty-lo ,·inf{. fre+- peo~le, the Amtrican KW<'ll. •• 11r1· r~d u•· ..d . j,'ltJIUOt ~ bt-tt'l'r illu»trattd than l1y tile or tb<l lu tern¥ tiomll llliHw ay l'omp:111y iu it• e l'ro rt to th e tcr o wiug univu o f Hutfalo lltrt•'l'l ••ar meu. l'= Jlil'll of tiJ'<i eQrporllti.Oil 11r.:- e ,·e r y wh..,r e. 1111'11 lhat tlu• lllt'D d 11r•• uot .:pe11.k of unioni11m fri<etlllll w ithonl fr1r of cS p QIIt!f.,- a n d of bdng t o e11ru o. lh•elihoo.l f or t lumuoelr~ and b1tbu by the One o f th .. e rnployce11 of the •:ompany, whO!Je names f o"r Ob\'iOWI rNIBOill , wrilt.'111 IO IIU~gf'l'll II IU'W plan o f tbf' wor k11r1. I n p1r1 h~: 111y 1 : " I am llll e mploy .... o f tho• lntr·nl ll l iona l. v.·orking He\ ' tll ""'*k for a pa hry o;alary. ' ' I a •n thrown in w ith t hf' m e n o r the lue e r n11.t ional t h eo1 m o re, £a,•o ra hle to a union t ha n ill gem•r a lly J~Uppost"(i. thoa" who 11re org11ni:r.ing the ne w union. All the y lack in tiou it~ prop<!~' handliug 111111 athic•·- You CIIIIIIOI l ho>ir J>OIIitionll by coJUing out in the OJ~n to •not do tha t my1clf ; hut if y o u wi ll lld,·ocat<! pajwr, 11nd to•ll th('UI t o lou k to y ou for lloh· io•c kno~· Wt· o•a n go•! 1110r•· rf'1111ltll thun we r ca lizl'. " 1'.-llull wl111t y uu will nth·ucuh• 1111d tlt: lllllllli wh~:11 i th(' 1111' 11 el... nl~~o·l l •·t~. t 'liut io e. ei•••JII lllo;llilll(\ tnlking. c\'t:ll t ht•m llt'h·o·ll. If OUt• upJ•ro~oo· lw" IHCo{l..-r rcgu rdi n~ unioniJ< ut. thllt o uo> " " IIOII~~>On•• u fer·r info rmutinu fo r o t h••rM. ApJlly to ri)()IUIIUilt•ll un•l l'iuuul'l. )\,. ko· •·twh 1111111 11 d clo"'·th·t• li(lit·ll l h•• c·umpnny hull nut Ci.-1 thc·1n rnll~o·tl iu thi11 " ' II}' and nu mio•/1 1" urolr th ronl(h t lw muil11 tu tht• u niun hc Hd"'-. lill vt' 1 l!N•p 11 11"11,\' f rnm lo••udoput r t• ·l"ll 1111 Sl' h'll will inf•·11t t hut plat>(' t h('n• ' '" II J•J•Ih'UII•HI lolustks o· X•'I'J•I t hruu .;h til<· mnil~t~ tu their 'l'o•llt hN n tl1••i r IIIIIIIO'Ii ll' llllu· ~o:uHrolo_-ol frmu ll lt:lll ill·l"ll-1111 wo•ll 11 irt .. .':~j-~~ •;·~~t ;;,~;;;·r;,t,,~-~~·.:,l;,~·~\~',';~;~; ~~~iltt•:. ~::;,i.u•;;l tho·ir 11 ,.,,JI .\ A.....,_.,._ go.-erameat, tllat It, a go.-. of tbe people by the pMple lilt! for lire people, bu uot ll oo• bee.o • dre&~~~. eod • ill ren~aio. • dream, or at belt au ina.loa, ..., loag u !be IDUna by •bitt '1b• · people th·e re maiD i11 !.be ~oo of a e1. . of men. ~o matter •bat )>!litk11l ri~:bt• th• people poaaPP, tbPir ui•taoee d""" not <ltJ\eod u po11 ril(lrtt ao mDch Ro ul'vn thP meta• b." wili~t thir dail:r .,,,.,.,J i~ ]lfO<Iucr•l. Thtrcforr, •II their l•olili~•l • n·l M!ooo111k r.!'on • a Ttd aeti>'ilo··• 11111a1 llf! •li r~teol to•u f<l J,,'<'ltiD( 'l'••ll tlwru • ~~rt.~z;;~~~ ~~~;r/;:,: 1 11 1,~ 01_ 1 ['~~~~~~ 11 11;:;,~1t"~i~l 1 ~';:v~•;•;:·li~::cl~·;lt~l;,';,:l'll tra•·kut•' ll tlrro u l! l• th•· ,~ur11e •••d ho riK 1111 you IN ' . ApJWKI tu ~·'}'t~: 1~':';~) 11 'i: 0.~1~.~ ~;·:-;t·l.t/; ~~~ ; 1. 1~~~::·, .';~~~~;·, 1 :f~"1 :~~~1.111 ~1~ ~~',~(-~ht• :.t ..::--; :\ :"\ l l .\ Ill-: :"\O T ta:TTI :"\ii ot " l' 'J'IIt-: :"\ 1' :\IH EU 1' 11 E\' ,,. , tt : J. U t)TIIEH WISE. ··T,· IIII~ thf'lio• li•111 il" lt"d ho w o)lho·r t•n r- mo·lll tlwir untull~ S h .. w w t ho w W•· t'llll e.::..t n "'tllltfl' l I wlu·11 1 JCIIU IF.o·d Tell tllo•m h ow llwro· llr•· IIH' II wnrking thill 110 1<' whn lull'•' t lw 11111110' n f h,-.in~ IIIO· ""''~ w lto j uim•d lhl' o l•l i n m l nflo·r l•·ur11i111!' tho· 1111 111t'K nf th o· "'"··~. turuo>d in the numCM to lhf' ' '011111<1111,)' und u!I ~,> :O: eo· pt lht· in(l)rmt•rK wo·r t· ' li r cd fur thl' good 1 11-~ ~:·r,;;;;:;;: ~ -11.. ,..t. lolt. Woodrow Witton, t hat emillfat Jlt!d•aor wbo ilu hM• t leu 11'd b,f' ~~ bourgNIN to l•e s-ltloa u Cloitt C.tt'l'tr lo th.r upti•Uot d•-, r.d•·iae· · •• coDt dtDiialiJ' tllnno~Jb all of t ile apw•~l>~'n of lht eou•tr:r, t'llal the "koDt o\ ~ btlll11HIIm~o ila1"1111C11hiagto fetrfram ilit .. ~laltttalloa. , o,. tbe " llo•t!l't " bo~DC':H mea •• 11'1deutly IIIUOI til- wh atlck i D t ~• " 1ot~;itimaee" t eld of (apitaliot ~Dd••vor a11d rob oOif W'Ofkiol JteCJIIP. .. 10 .toodJt.r.. to Jtavelo•gllcart laord.r t lonbao(e lil!!lrforta•.., •r>dtii>J.e-,.lroton-e m•• oal,.to•lave. lli• ldeaoftiled ilftrf'Aeebet..-eea''bool!ll! " bualaet~• lllu . ..Jelte "J" .blr•i- mt-o it tile dll!'ert.Dtl bftw..e• 1"- wbo vlc•l•eo t H elblh ! i a odtlrOM whodo •otYlol.t,.tlleetblu of r•pit•li,.,, It i1 net ••t!ioloof!Ht, •• ter tJ~ampll, to dowa tb• 'f!-«e~ ot l'rl ,.,. JlloyMt~ to !Ire poi11t • lrert tbry ..-e fo...,.-:d to ttU t!wlr ' bddlee to ker)•lh• t du,..lriiiiCIOUfl fr0111 fDI'I&-kiOJ' tilflll. C Tb• tiu 't '' di-boafri.':'' T b.at 'Jl:llu ln-. The ooiJ' peopla wbo bave ao)'tblq to t ear t ram !be '1\'/1110• ad•lnbt rl11 t aro tlrw e wbo -~l ime• •kiD tH ahop-ilt!epera. ",~:'rr::~: ~~:g' ~~·!:::';~: ~:bbe~!':~od%'":0~.:::: ::; eh~~;::•, \\'h11t hnA Soc.ialis m to offer the man who ean ne ,·er e xpect to &ee it r t.!ll izcd t 1111 t] :,t ~~~~:r'::, ~~~:,tlr~~~~:,:a~il~~7e:t~~t! o;h~~~~~::' 0'to~~e~;e~~r=:alin~~~~~tano~tT~~~~~~~~t1~r>~ knowledgt> o f t hf' world in whic h he lives a nd of the powers that d e te nnine his exi&tenf'e u 1 ;;ii:~~~~;11;,::~~~~~ glrtf':tff!~n l~i::J ~~~;';:Se:,':~d o:isli!!,:~:~ :::~;:;ell~~~~~~~; t~i!n°;";.~ 1 e~~~~~~:~~~· ~~~i;: to produe{' goods fo r o the n;. lt"offe fll /r im 1111 id••tll lofty e nough to llf!f'\'e h im aa a guiding atar on hhr life \'Oyage aud t'Olll· •ki• t•reh:~·~;~~cn !~'f;~~~:~~ t:n~;~l~i!r ,!:eh:;"~~~~i~;ft!i~o~;~~::.rn-:h~·gr!~'~\~~~;n/; ~~~hi,~i:! ~:;te~~r. hesi11eli hi!l hread and lodf.Pnp;. Sot•ialism pro" ido'll wh tlt ill n eeded in this r e spect. Sot·ialiBlll will tKke the place o f the old ideals that !'an no lonJ(er w ithstand the eritiei11m o( m oJ<'rJl knowledg.~ nml w e JI. koo wn facls, and satisfy th e intt!lleetualn eeds of ci \•ilited ma n. II w o uld lje 11 grf'Rt mistake to imagine that the life o f the eommon man i11 ban: or a ll inteTIPdual int Pff'-"1. o r thtll ht! ill in{'apable o r llCquir inp; knowledge beyoud that n eeded for his daily :;-;<:O~·r :;:1 i:l~~\: i~;.·i,:;ri,-~~~li1i~~ ~:~~~t l~i~1m?J:e~~;~, ~~P.~~~~~:~e~ 1:.e~~!hino:Os~~hn;·i:~o~~~~~~~r:,~~ 1 1 nf .. nnd th•·11 k•·t·p o n 11•h w uting We we l l J.:o-t ''"' l'" i "'T to l h•· 111•'11 T l~o· •'(llllpfllr~· •·nuuo 1 s tn t• th(' pnpe r irlo•ns. aud tho·fl· h~· ~aiu nobl~ moti\"('JI for fiction. lltlr ko·o•p tho• ' "'' II fr.,ut r••udi nlo! it Tho• ' • 1 t'lt\1110 1 lire 1 · Tht• won;t 11111n· r~· i11 the rdavery of ignors n ee. l .et 111 deRtroy it. Sound kno wledge if! a J •rul•·r whu u ul , · ' tipllnnotlwr ofT' 101 r•·•td fit(')' rNHI I e manc ipntor. Htl<l 1111 inexhaustible source of h sppinelll'l. ~\nd Socialilllll is thil J::r eat t eacher ' \111 l··nrn frh rll tlw Bu!Tnlu s ..,.iuli!>t ""hill working people o f our t ime~~, the awake n e r and the light-b ea r er. · t 'It II y ou llllllt.:iuo• till~ thi rw wo1·~·· I h un , ,;,:~~=::;:::~~;;:;;:~:;;:;::~;;:;;:~;;:;;:;;:=;;:;;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:;;:~;;:~~ • 1111 u "' w tt(l\11 W£• lfl\'ll \f> s pout nh .. ut ••n t l ~~ t o rf.,.•r l IO !lt~· r•••y to tlw ••xl<•nl lhltl 111··~·' nut o • U• pu Jolio• WRiili· lllt.·f•tin"', f u r fo•jtr of tho• ' ' ' IICt'K IICt' or tht• tnltKio•r.o! ..~ilo·'"'''· ' •* wlri~b the bread·ptlldad o1 prO(of -lety ._,.. eoDtro.lled •od direc:tocl, ce111qutr thflll tor tloe produtere ia tO !'"'ploy tloe• tor the beaett reacral welfara ol all Bocl.U.m, tllere.forc, J - 11ot tke tuboltitDtlo; of t ile d • • nde of eap;aalilt due by tire d ... rule ot workiDI d•._ It IDt-'1-111 tbe sbolit ioo of all eeooomie ..:11-U dl•tiadlou aod ciUI latrr.,.ta1 It met1111 tb• reallt.atioo of tlrat grMol ldoal of moder11 demot ra(y of a ~;o•·erameot of t be lteO!IIe 1be people" aod for •II tbe people, WHAT SOCIALISM OFFERS 1 1wou "" tho•,\' mu k•· 11 11 uppr••••i uh l·· 11l111w iuu . iato their power,III.Dd rfllllaiar aRder tbr.ir co•Uol, !.he eeoo-le f~ aod rHCnJrcre ot ~ety wbidl eollltiUlk tka bui.l ot all • oma• uiru,o~e, -..11 hei•t and llappi-. Tbe mod Ul· ponaat tocial J>OW'er Ia tilat •llieh ""'' uolt t•e matni... IIINIII of 'u.i•teaee of mea. Be w.ilo wieldl tlllt power 11 t ke real' m.uler aad law-1h-er, at~d tile real purrof all goverrnDflll' ulitil thi1 de)' h•• heeD lht! rc-leotioo of th ie power ia tke baadl of tba tlatk•t ,_ . .. it. Tbe objrt:t ot t ire Soeialiat tnC\'f"lllelll ie to eooqurr t be pc•en by Aa pan,faUy aa .tM dt't'11-ta- wiU ,.r.tt, - .)'ielol eJie Pill- to ladiM. ne, edketl the BDifalo Sodalltt, Ia tota, l111t -11, ' aM we wloiapu I• ~ lMt ••err ~t~~~•·Pt-k ol t ilt Board o1 ou.cton b tlwalti•r t1roe aB•aal •Motiaf, t o - wHt.kn- tNy will b<l 1• for • body of womu.ftiton. - While tb• Socialbt womeu a f B11fr•lo IILI.1 !lOt t.. •ru- l"&-1 feaee-cB•hen o.r jaW'l!Ua-thNW'en or buadred.yard...tulaers, tM7 raa llll'tl tbe iat, tlllcl • • bow to tloeir att.liiiiDUta.• "' U tll>e lord• of .,..tlea witt lts•p u.e-I"M to .o•e utul aa4 !lard, - •ilht, lo tl• e, eome lo admit lilllt we d - witil tH w;.•o folb .. " •oldfnl ol Jl•blk opialoa.'' r. tll>e t:oea1111-, WJ ' II batt tH - -, uf llaod pat oo tlot! ~.Mertioa tbt tbe Jut !tnt or t ile B•ffillo Socialllt, e-oadtwt•-.t by tbe wo-D, w~ tbt ' - t Tf •IIJ'"bod1 dt...,--, we'rP "'•"-." to eus•rtkim Ia mCirtal I!Ombllt, weapoot, lo•lrplu •t 100 r-"ft.. J b r• ~~~~·w:t. THE ROCHESTER STRIKE ~~~:.;io· suJC~-r•·!il lnn u f t hi~ •' II 111,~ 1 r~ t•'"l"'t·t ft~ly f.! ll'tlrk••r fo~~ o { fllf'll rdo·rn·d t hf' umu'il lle rt•IK. lJnfrnlo Sowin h~l 11r•• 111 t lwi if ~t·n· io·•• 'fh(' l'Oh rmml W o rkint: t·lt•r.~~ ~ul i,Ju ri t~· IUIIY fiud itM \!.XIIt eflllio o in a u y o r all vf t hf'l•o• ft>rn' ~' l'nlitit•fll ttdion , indtultrilll lle tion, or <'O· Oj>t-rllti,·ea r:tlon. Tlw lillJlTt•mt• thin g i!l SOL IDAH IT Y . OLOVEN HOOF 18 REVEALED , . . The·BufY'Illo C hambto r of (.;;unmenl" " thoroughly beh e \'I'S Ill workiuJ: IUI'D'Ii ~'tiOiptiW!ltion.' ' To 00 111Uft'. lht'y don 't say wha t kind they be l.,.\'1-' in ; hut , j11dgiug f r o m th e fn•nz.ied columll!l of sluah ill tlle tlaily org rtnK of the mutt' MI. it·~ th f! ki nd t ha t w on't ('()5t th e boases anyth ing t o Rpi':ak of. The ~!urtaugh.Jacbon hill now bt•fo rtl the state legislature is by UDdtt~:o ;:~·~ • ,: ' ';:""e;:p~:::; :,·,:~;i:~ b~:.:o;t11~\lt11 :,:!~ :::~~:0 : :::.~lldr!:~be~-;::11 ::.elr C~•~ b'·~ .,;,.., bf-twH o -tile a11d emplayf!n or a great iomu~b tu!'edllf hu re.ulted. ha•·t beeo t omm.itled d...lb bu o.-.urretl. II hu m;r koo•tedgto that maoy em.,e ,J.,.iro\111 of tet~umio1 work, .,., preveoted by ;11eimidatioo ud "ioleaft. " A• ebitf utcuti.-e of thi• city, I do bareby l i"e Dotlee tht tbi1 eood l· lion mutt ceue; that •11 the powe r at my commaod for tbe preMrt'at ioo ot order a Dd tht the e11torcemut of 1•• •ill be llHd to pre.-eat tartbe r 1111t· rngu of tbit cbrafter, and t bat &II eiti~u• wilt bel!tole<led io the· purtuit of t beir la wlDI oeo:apatiou. "lliRAlol B. EDOERTO~, :~t(l11~~~~/~:~~\~· d~~~~::~;j ~~~:~~~j ~~~~;~;~:;,~~~~:r ~~~~r~ at~d o f tlte law proteet. maebi11u JeavH , • .,..., , •bite bomao n....)o 10 be •tarvf!d i11lo t ubmiuioll wbue tba a.tural re• f lio11 of , buagry meo •ad Worneo api111t iobu.m•o aDd galli11g o:o11dltion1 arc oJo!<l u a prelut lo bri11g out !be matbi11ary of t he law, polirf aad, if a~eaary, ~e~lodien, to eompel ru\ bu· maD bf!iagt to ob.tne a eonditioa 1ba1 •jllmaka them a rtualala na. " They will""' tbe di.abolictl triDJty, huo~er, cold • od •aot," •id ~1yor Gffirge R. Lao., aod they • re ular It for ...1 it it • orlb, aad 11 i1 tbtOllJb ht!.oter, told aDd wa.nl lblt-t tbe employen~ wm •i11, if thcy wi.a. AI ti.oqt ..._ezll&eoee etakb trh1lty..V aot I• iUtelt abecl11~ j ut'iteatloo of tile atrib. my"e=~·'' la•~·~::,,t':oJ";;~:,a~l~ouap:~:~ •pua~~io ~~:..~m::r:,;:..d 11~~~ ~~~!~-;:.,~ I.Ms t Wi't' k f'' ' •· n · nr1·mhi'r of tho• f'hambe r o f Contm~ree hurrr· UJ> u ll to J(U . .Ill Allmny lttld prt•\'l'. llt the J~&~~il o r t h e t a u~h ..l!\t'k,.ou 11iiJ ] 11 thl' " 1-11 11 t o llrms," the m a nu fa c turent t oJ.I thnt if t lw Ui ll pa-">~•~ 1. t hf' e mplo r e rs w o uld ha,·e to f.P\'t' TbP • i.dom of l.b• bot-. liea io their bowledp ol llow tc. ~ huos:er, told ·~d .... otto bH.t tlle IUI11en iDIO Ulhm•••oo; aod a beroe:.-oltllt aod beode~at IYJte m alloWJ t hem -o to beat tire ('LA~~ IS OFFIC E. ri·~l!''~~.:~~~~~~;.~~··,:.·~i:.~\·~·~~~~:;••:r:~t;ljs;;:~l'}~ :~ ~~~t~~n~~-.:~l~e;hft.riot. . flf ~, 11 ,...,. to do tki•, lei t be law be equilabiJ' eotor~d, " Orpo.bu J ob S. F!etL tbouaaod people ba;·· beta 60 Y O'f'b . O•l;r !5 arre.t• • •de iD !ll.at time. aod mo.t I ·in th•· lll'lit• h• ill l ilt' mnst el1l ' ue wspape nt they t!o n o t Nln~o· utll l:r ..·nl~· 1111•1 :t~~~·. ~~~ t~,r~· ·~o in _thei~ pri,·ate t-'Ommunieiat ions. 011" Hf \\Jud i \I ' ' ltll' ' ' \' 11 Ill~ 111 t lu.« otltee, J US! what t he-y_ IUCIUJ. I 1h . m•. In tl ..· ••:t]'ltlt!ii!\ ~~~· wspllJOO'~ _ I ll~·~· IUJt a go ntz:e t.~e J~N>IJ'I>S•••I :\l urlaut:-h .J ~o ~ k"'" 1•111 · · ],l"'-' RIISI' _'.' 1sn I 511!? euOU !t~! ) ou "'Pt". t lu.,~· nn· '"'n·w. l ttl ..-rut th(' work .. rs ••t<t~ fllly. a ccordm g t o tltf! harpi.~ of t!l~· l:r.·oi-.. Ul.'~' 1~. Tl l t-:I~C l'I,HY~\T•; ,._CO~~),! U~ICA,· Tl~ l~:-< Tl !.~: ' ~ A!J: .\ .:'1 ;\ II~:.\ 8 1.-\ ()~·; A!' ~ F~A~KL\ Dh- ~11ft? ~~~:~~.~~:~·~'\~~;~~.r~~~~~~j:\1:~·\~~~~ l;!t~f01~~ '\~~<{Ri?.~~ I ~.0 1 Lf. tbau 11 '~ t•u l•l ~'il.'it llll•h•r t h\• 1- ole~· -\\ a lker bill whl('h they lli"'J .'(~' 8 1!1 II ..ul~tlhth· . . . . !.i.!~~ .ll';;1pr!:~matio•. bo Ike npl. .atioo of ill Tbe tih with aafty t DIIDIDJ ha.-e not gl•t o tlr:.ir •..tr.il d?p , tb~o pollee, •ord lo tuppru • n olt1ce ; w}la t boeR doo~ 110 far by lbe poliee b.u ~~:: C4Nnmen.:ittl. "',.tt" t iiDH wilo ba• e mllat bl' prot.ected i• tll.tir ~-.i011 ot it. •llilc th- who ha1'1 aollliq bDt a 1trour a ppet ile all4 • ~ nat, -.oil b. ...,_.......t 1hll IM:Id. 111 bo~. II lA l!Ot dillca.!t ru I . CJ. W.a.mDIO'fOW, aQ_. ~~~ ••• , wilo llapJM'Df'd, lar~11 befatlle a fortu oale e.baDu, to be tlo• leadi!T ..f t h Amuieao re.-olutiooariea a lr••~red •ad odd ,.,.,. aJ • . aac1 •~~>- fol kowtn ...aa,m to kill more Elll!iiolhmeu tllaa !Ire E•glitlrt~~eA tllleo!J of t ile•. c · It - • 10 tile impeortial ot..f:r•er llr Wuili•sto• W'U a pen!O:~o':'t a =~• f&DII. Aa w• fCI'D t ill 1'4l,; of ' t lmry, we , •r• ;~ di!lt'd to • llrcu: ' 'How b eky t e r George t bat biA t ..to.en klll.c! .o miD~ tf:: ~ :~o~:hmu! " •ll.iclr ..., r..,s weaL~ ,,u, eareue.~ .. : : i aJio•'• '-belt 1k • •ut aot ue t keir ol!ie.al power w1tbAbo, pcrbfll, - •H-.!LI bow lllllt!b • erl abotot ){r, Wulli•AW•'• liulf! oot ..,_..e •bado- af •.• ~~eu... Char~• aa.tr. ol U.. '-.11. wit t fll• marn.d la4lol of , . . " tnt tuani• of V&c:!ala.•' S. O.u, Dar ~~•er ot PD~he :s--, 100 t-a.w, wlle~a t ile poe,_ eo•n:raed il 11 d~ a ud di, 8Ltety. wu Idea~ tbe dotlr~f er-.w ret.!, til- tlliap leak wt. ht, , _od• .. th A-rift•• lcHitd tad~'?' betore q becute u ac:t lf• 7 o1 tM EIIJ,l&.la,. •• lean u i.Y •f »t~ Wulli.ato•'tl' pcdHtien ...,t. be WID-ilia~ aod - a . . . - - . ue to ""- '--pied i•putial. tJ.o -.!~; torw. b a ttEJr-:e t. wllkll at hiUt ~-\IMM o.t tlloltl _, .,. • ~ u.io-.,. ...U'f! .trlbn. We-.l<lbotk.lut.ta . .- u a . _ u...nt ol mib 'b:r U. ,..._ 0..-.--t by law ill better lila• J'l"'• dorM; ::;;-u._:: =~~::~~~~cl :;.; ;:; ~-~:.~;~~~~~:~~:: :::·e~!;:0~~~-~7, :,:;-!: !,:!b~~ :.!:n'"~h ,!~ t_k.r lack In c:-Jity of lut.-ttm, •1111, lilre t• e ~Ia of tltc fDrnt,· t lo.e,. dtz. ~1 ·~c- a d ab. Alto like the pilla. Ue -,._.,_ who o~ ~eJD artl'llMI til• ~a.t of t be.•r uto t~~~l"~r~1t1~~i~~(J;ro~·;~~g10:h~JIE~~N~0T~ !:: :._~ :S~..'r~,.'::."'.-. ::;.:!: ~ ~~;:; :;'!t -.rill • I ~::•:.--: =:::.w;~~-:.:,.",•:; ~~ ~~~::b~:~• •':~!~;;::"~:~t !:..r: t'::;;::; '* .- that · f>Bbpa ll•. t =.~ ::.,~"~ ...,.~jtall; lt -"'!PDiin ......... tirtl ak.w t.e • . -. W. M ...... '\ n.i tM ee- .. t ' - tw.p - !-~ tile 11...1 ~ .Utd!t :r'alla; h- .... tloD .,. t. bot nnt.l. be..-,_,..,. ,.w...z...w...,..x-uBatt. . lltribn "hd-..J ....... ~ 1rttdtl r.D.; ll n. .trOt. . a.lao .bow .._ U. ,...._-.....,.. • W -a.. ~ ........ • wta...~ -.;}'• ...a. jQt ._. - l l - '· t• .·· tl'!l· ~-tlo.o, lnlt day .• ' " tlle ._,.~~ado. f".,._a t lllllt a..at- t.Wt,....... I• Th(' ''-'IY to fi.gh.t is tbrougb o;ol•ss--eomeiOU$ o.rganizaHons of the u ccpt d•- i • ioua.edi.ate eea!ict. 111.11der tlle !roo . lloof• of lionel if WT Wella"' . . aetiYe eotnia .t. ·•.-or kt'rs on thf' politif!al Md ~ouomir fie ld.. 1\e - ployt rs aod tile ftllplo,__ ~ to be •I.Jliti:aD ·U. tlle ll:a.d. d Qtial d tiztQ •11o ara ~ UF..."-UTS 0 1-"' T HE POLlTICIANS . If l"*iblto. the:,-"'lfillaleo hood-..Wk YOU int O t h inking YOil &r'b ~ting klttW'tbi.Dg jlllt M coocl. ~r tbf'v h..• e wbol~" •mu t ulated it or n t .titutt"d somt-tb.ioa • wbieb bf' .Wted t o th~ir p urpo.se. The- ehant.n of tht w-o r b n eettittg the wont of it iD thia mattnfa uot ~~~ by tb.. ltlha_rv o f W '!lo"Otkt-1'1 tbem.te~,... tXJ.;;~a :.o;'_:.,·.~ 1 "'.' !bt 1 11 • HI bnt : : ; : ' ... 11 'hey 11a4 oot !lr. W111lri•P•o woold kne btld . aar 11 0.. Iller~ ..-by ud ho• tbe !.• W'l!rb for T ire poliee! Tbe:r are t•e tn ditioaal ~a•e•_ labor • f Jto.,ile.ur it lyntpatlri~ Y•r namplo, ....-e• ...,.ld lta.-e ho. . 11!111'11 1111,.. a boat. tiltl Vlrclal• Ia ad· lllr e111.plo•.-ert aad apillf.t t "* ftrikers-. ur..iee af t lt.e • C'I'kiaJ elau; tloe1 .,. •• g ••til ~he nrncn.. ~~ m•ke. 11~ frs'!ld&, u-~ wll.kll> til• Eactl•• go<ruomeot wu ,. .eh tfll«ralll ••d .-•i.til. !~:~:J~i~~~:~~>~~!!~~n:~:--h~r!~!:~=~~o:h!a~~Kt!;.,d~~ ~-:;: ~~::O:;!~ ~:= ~=; ~~etoP!t:U:.!"',:;:!eilri=ta. :::~:-~ En11uiru, Cour it'r and ::'rt.~ ~";:. ~e~':,:;-r;;:e::: ,:~w;~'t ':':;:;· •• ilot "krol-."- tloey a re e-rhalult of tile decpett d J'I , i t •• ..., beU.rn tbt loeaJ 'Tilrot·llet.n. • We dare ..,. that aU of d u: boatbt tbrowa L1 ~~ ~:..clb ll ••• ltat mllnkred "rTf maay people, t-l~rad with tbe potao ._!e4 foodt, tt.. . .. u tllll malarial W'OrkloJ d•u Uoemii!DII aoll ll>e trtilcr tkb p willie• JLe paper• N ... u..o,. deleAd. . ha"e t lsat ! lrer• b;a.-e beu :s a"e1t1 • ~•o•ireioD, t••r lhink ! bey ,..00 "sn~ tn ro•e w l with a blaze U1'"'I"'t~ to ''lliJlf'rtll .-iolfA('f!." Tbry btd ~ •e~ oft' Wllil t hey e~uld a ~~-·--- e_uDee to OM tbe troa ••ke Chrt'11lud ::~~a':~':'!';::.~::=. :.efe;~·=~rl~=·!~ ,:.~e~';.~~ ~~~ _,_.·l Tilis <. one of the mott nlll • t tbe u . .~ite or a.-diee ot a ebuM !ba t ramp . ... ,. •;;'{:::~~~~"'..: ;!i~/:;; t::· ~~ ;:_u.._::d!: ~~70;,. C~f th~ •lilt. ~--;! trafl,,-• W1J OAJII ' 'I' 70L.LOW •.-r_ Ju.t wllea we tbi•k • e '•·e lOt a llq oo tile tortoou n~eotlll proc" '""' of t be averare e• plt.aU.t .&tor, N uv- •od Jl'" a. • jo,. liT a.klftJ•c .,. IIJ'Ie. We ll.ad jut bHa retw!IDA' ia ou of !ile n~or•I•J papv-1 1Mot wbl ~ duifiJ, tbrllli•K· ueill•l· lleroie •oOI wboliJ' ad•lrah.. tili•l • Kaxlru tchemer k•d doDe lo e. .ei•l tiM druk ot M1'en.l tJr,. ..,.IMI ot -r1Ua11 a attt In bl1 ea,er~~te• told Joto • J>Oiillo• •Mre il• coold c~r t•e • -r • •lrt• W...l 1treet peoy1 t or eoatloued J~DIIflil I• tNt e.11atry. ot ,..,,;., tboert wat t~ DJUDI "bo•k " about bow Ole paid aotdleu of t llll pollt lri. . Ia KazMo wrrr "t&bl1o1J tor tltelr liberty" a ad all tile re1l or IL Aod .0. wka we t u rud to tile ~Jllropea• MWI aDd leaned ~ tM tb;u;i~t:!7; oro~:t.7og-: ~:t;:.iu;:r::!'t7,": :~:e:";.:~;. ~!:oro•;;~]he:;m=!~etli:t . I~ nud •ethtoa ot reW iat ioo, tke ,,.._ ttm att-pt. io aod JaY, ao iron ltaad opoo bi~ riJ::bl ~r~~U~~ i•digu.1i011. \'oo ma,. bN.t • OJID ial• aabmiuioa loy bo~pr, ~old aod waot. bot ;ro~ must DOt gt>'e llilll a h811ily ~bDelr t.D the dl1'1tlon Tbty're a bil mo,. bra.r.•• • borut h ID Clet1laad tll•11 til,. ue Ia Boll'alo. t.owenr, bealliM 11M!y opealy l.dlalt tUt Ita Jl'llrpoM Ill t o f " ble th tlaYco 10 1:1=1 aloo1 011 t3 qr $4 a week. To be 1ore, t lwl." palat 11 •lib !be UM~al Jbop-kf'tJ)oln' I-IIlO( IIJ'poeri••. -...umi11g, of tou..,., tbal t.be Kirl• ••a,. 1101 wonh more;" bel o• ! he wbol•, if '1 tke MDII Pll tltat b belli( worked ' o Baff•lo. w1re " baroi.,." aad tile like. Notblac dolo1- h -m• that lo order ta be hrale fer d~ardcr. •I ·~~t':ee~e:i;~~~ll<:~=~·;.::::. ~:::: ..:. t:e !:•';:m:~.';· •~d ~~: ::t:~:~ 1:0~~·,0;;11e :':.:-' e" : ro•dod b.u ptu:11ed the o:o!lieialt a 11 d llrf maovtuturera. \"iolrn~e •onld plr•" lb.! ~R~~J~d~eturera. It - 111d doucl t be real iqup llld di.-e.rt' poWi( o~aioo. from tke prmecl worhn. t or II lriD•t b. IJ.IJden tood tbt we ._. att~a~~~·:,~.,~:~~·hr;:~~;;.~~u'~:.",:tt~:,:~:~l,:~~-;~~-~:':~~e~r:t~:~:'~~~e~~~ ~::~ :;! P;;"~~~~~~a:er.~ "Jt.~:~~= h<•'l'l' tlw_,. "htJl tn to hn.· th,.,..,. proft'S!!IIOD81 ~hant~· £olt hke Fred· l'rio.•k _AIW~'. Xolto how t hl'y. 1-'Hth,.r in swanm: a bout. the legW.ative h•ll• Ill. Al baQ~· 111'\'llta..,_'tl ~o h _g ht t o tht death for lhe tr blood-won~-It ts. {!on ly ano t htr t_mh~llttml o f h~~ t he: ~orkers,tbe.m.selvra wdl hn" t o h~bt t'\'1'-D to j:'atn ll.o\l.F- H ;\ K ED M E.ASURI-~ hk(' the !Jur- =· m;~~:~·::m!:.~.':'o;!o~,;:: ~~= ~,.t-:; ':i'e!~:,,:;;pl;~;:. ;~:~ :~~~D;~Ir~~:Uible " th trouble tbere ; il •11 wbo tbot tke little girl for and Oio.-u ittl were tried; it haJ beta tb~ polite .:bo h•.-e b.-naMed wr o•o picktott here. ~altiag ttn.m Yile 11•111n. Tiley era aU ot ooe breed, altboogb there it ao O(CUiooa.l ure pt ioo, A• a whole, !lleir .,-mpeotbi"" • •a witb the employers uad otllr.iall wboee tb•y an. Arod oow tbe~ot •me ofl!lciab au golag t(l pat no tbe tcrewJ. £1'er1 t lriker !""II cet op ia tbe mor11io1 aodf~!h a batb In l1lM . .tcr. Tllu be mo1t e•t • breaUut befon be I""" tortb o.o plt kel duty. Wbeo he Mel a •t rih· breaker, b• •If!- amlle •weettT, OD u d pau bim • trae.t oo the .-aloe atiekiDtr to tile,_ a11d allow bim i:r '' AU n e powtr at tile face of •II tile t'St8 o f the worke l'll Ill hea rt. · , ..,.. the m•yor io hi1 protO<:tll • pil..t t be Clc.tbien' Ezelu.oge, wu quoted by Uoo - r n.ribn1 ha.-e bad, Ht'T IT IS 100 T IMES A S GOOD AS A:"\Y OF T ilE OTHERS 1••1.,.._, aDJI io the prot oeol l:!e • R~>eilnter paper to tbe eaeet th•t If bHa pne~tul beyaDd t be d ream I~~~~~r4 Rl-~tgt1 1 i~t-1~t~ri~l-~~:oi·l l~~l~~-a.~?g~ TWF.Y~~s~i~ ~~~~::OO.,:;~~~':.~~~er A aLAaa 'Df AO'l'JOJf. J Wn1 of our •••ders !save ••m~ald, fro• oor 4i...--1o•t of t be P"'f h<• 1 ot loc•t t bi• I• • <!floditloa J>~~<DIIu lo ti11lb.lo. Sotblo1 o:o11ld b1 fart!H!r from tile f1.t lo CleulaodW~re i• a aotorlo111 d<lljlarlmt a t atoN ,.tabllliiiHDI • h ,. b1111dred• ot firll are "-"'l' lof1'd Lr d• y • I a Wlf!e ru••••• fro• tJ' lo ~~Wbat tbey do a1 ai11llt 11, d nurH, t be11 rnro aastr ; b\lt h'• aJ--. a ••: ~~::', tbat t bey doo't ~t eJIOutb f~M, ~lotlloH al>d urfare out of tllelr JlillfQt Mlarle. to keep U1em p log. Tbe m•11•1n of t bb etore Ia proa:urtl••· wltll tile belp of otller CJe.,eln~ htood.e~~eken, wbo •re eiiiiJf'll Jo th -~~ b ..l~-•illtii_IIII1Jbt • •II t.. ~ w:! . ., . ...._._. iii.._,;....... ..._. - - ' t w . t t -; , 0....., .... t.e..,:.::::: •.-... .. ~n..~...._...._ tile.,......~~~ . . . . . . .-...,. . ..- ...... fOT ~ · _,.,.... __,. .t a- ..m jtlta yn aawt . .topt.~ U... ..,.ru ~.[~ ~.., ~ Ulq ~ 'P W. . . . . - --.,., .. ... ..... fta-_,... -::r--, TAO -DA~ · IN BQFFALo Fo8·~1fE,TEfl-·_,..en :w~~TURDA~• ~K~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-03-01 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-03-01 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n039_19130301 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n039 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/5fc8e5bcea6b76dfb1d9ceab4c6bc675.pdf e9a1eec971ce6d649476fff3e58d2936 PDF Text Text 1..0()1'; AT T fll[ NI1IIRJr Cllr YOUR ADillti!SS'I.ABEl. 1P I T IS • YOUR ·39 ' Sl.III5CaiPTIOf 'PIRI!S NEXT 'IVEI!K: Elt- SEEDS·Of ·MURDER Of FOOL "PATRIOTS" ...... ~ •••u. l,... .. __ , _ _ Schemers of Wall Strut are Slowly Cultivating the Murder Instinct Among the V ictims who Read the Capi!alist Papers. ll lll" io,;u.re f ully IIC'I tbett~ for perfonrt aoee of thllt pertol!_i.!l ra iiN "l'•triolillDI, '' Wall is JI~J•ring t o ruob our fOOt, brotheu llll<l hotbaadt t o Yed eo to murd er baubu of the .,..orkingmen of tht eo~o lry. The adnu ee notirn, whil'.b eouist of luri d y. r111, matt ly bunromb, about llle aHal!'kl tn1de · "1"'11 Am e rleaat In Mui"-O, are in te nded to iollarae tll.e airapl~ .. f!ti Med wo rl<er• of the United State. to th e poin t wbre they will llowl f or t he blood - of the unfottoute worktn of th e ~ouotry to the .outh .' ward, mer"ly be~a u !OI! th~ J>OOr \"lr · tim1 of t hP. •me po we r,-Wall Strl)<'t,ehaDre t o be li•·ing under Aoo tber flaK. Wall urall!! i1 11 0 1 oo ly ' '-'•f'OD•ible f or the propo10ed iavaaioo of l:l.esiro, but it Ia al.o rflllpon.ib lll for th11 ron· ditiorut wll i~h ha"'~ brouttht about thio aad pre ••i0111 re•·olotion• ia .t hat ill· fated eouotry. •nyinl<'rHtelnllu.iro.,.lli" h "'..,." lll!" t.. l fumor ll .r ohkll uow u your life woulol ~ if 1011 wer e \'ictimiL~ d ~ d r•g~l into t he ann~- to JIO huubc:rinjol for thr booooetf JJ tb .. lo11d ·moothf'd bullies .,.ho f<li ~ our upihlftt ne...,r-pe n in the iDif'f· t'Bf of the btooo:hurken who t;.·., upolt 111 want wn, 1<'1 them go to it.HIOIIT I:P {'LOSE. But will th<~1 do itt !'lot in a thou"'"'! yt:&r.. Whr.t they wioll do i•to •w&l/l!l' • uounolaod work UJI. t he Jlio- he•ded ''ratriou•· to th• polnt where they will wan t te De "herCH"'·'' Whrn t h<' t•in ·h,..,J • 1:<'1 th ron)l h with their "beroing. ·· if theJlh·e tbrough it, t hey ran rome l·ad t ~~ hulfalo, wi th u m nu~· :urn• nnd lrj.tll u they ha•·e le ft , and a l{ood d~a l more •<'~I<' all<l btut lf rou 11 •1 to J>a ~· tb" war tlil<'l. Tal k ola y aool ni~;ht apain,t tbi• u·hrme to foment ..-~r. T•lk al:ftlnot it "'""~""::~'!""~"'-'.....'..~'""": ro:· hu:.:~~:;·~~:~:;t,~ .~t~.·~;~o;i;; ;;~~~~To~i:~: ~;;·:~~~~;:.~~.~~,r~:~-~~~~--- Eii(~2ti:::~EE:~~;:~~~~: ~i~:,~;;:~i:~:;?~;;:::~:;~:~~ Lo•·•JoY I- - - - -- -· - - - :~:::;:,~~~::~g~:::;~~.:§.~it :::_~·:::·:.~:·::~~:·:~.:::::;::,.'' cmll~ydotbeworll:b.&Te~ ct•cn a holiday tor th1a wMt. Tlloae h.IT1q Ule WDflr In cha re:e an the followlq: Jln. Grace B. Hu.cock, General Cb&Umu.' E41torial CommJttM: Mrs. One. T'Dtthlll, Mrl. ner- OOhum.. ;h:-..-::tl!'~~~o~nl)t;.~hj.,::;-:.,~r~:lot~:r mained to n•·e her bah~· •1 life, acco rd · 14m. Dora Fo.t.ar. i"Jot. to Ad..-~ and Ottctll.atioD Com· lllluet: )Ira. Adtlaide Ball Mn.. Chart. B.a1na&.. Mzs.. J_,:h Ma«att.. 14n..VAQ8lmon. Mn. Dora . WetDtnuh. M:n.. Laon..vd l'BfQ". lin. Lao lllallo,-. a Tf' JIOM abe mad e to.lay to nnol "l"-'1tk 1 ...-rit f •n•l IJ.:itr.~o> a.:~in•t be au~pted. c l~rJ•I that, t... c•u~ .. of th~ ,..., wo tb Mnieo or •n.•· otbt r rountr~·! f •d !b U mo•t of tbr "'"""~ n " "Ill be Laekep Obey. ...i,.,8 "' dut. nt~nl .... rM. tb ..~· ..- ill 1>u Tl>r •·oi~ ...- of_ lh<'. II>R•tnto, i_n prno. ~~;•!:'t:! 1t,:;,:~~!- :~~··~:;,~• 1 0 "'' b. I! ~:~mt:n:~l:r·~b;••~.t~: :;n~::n:;~~ Tbi, dou oot tha~ th..~· mua the ft trgo- i~~;~!l~~~:~:!~;.:::~:~::~~: :~: ~~~~~;i:E:~fi;·~:~~::;~i:i;~~;: ti:f:::}.X@:~}};~:L~~::i.~ ~:: :;d::~dli~:• Sp rca:J th e ,.,,.. 1 o( the ral'itali~t ~tt: h eme to alu. ughtcr t lw wo rki nl{m<.'oo f two rounltl"- and l'rt'l,..., to light a 11d ll ght UA llD againl1 wu . Asitatiouoft hi • .ort cauuotbtruc· cenful in a minute. It require~ Wf!O!k• uf it befo re the !Uu lta an wen. T !,., caJii taliot• .h•nl>ffll harolatwor k for wcek-.tclliu!f talc• of di..orden, et~ .• in !oluieo, but WITHOUT TELlJ NG to keep quo et . 'rhaabonc~a.xept tuU r.po~bWtJ" for ueh !tam •liPUriA&" " lD thif; '-aa. lc!fU tbat their hnlb&n•ll ud broJtherR h••·"· Among the mo~t •ttnrli"e of tb r fe~ turn of the new Club will be thr ~ oor>f" ra th·e po liry. 1t iJ pro~d that the Club memloel"ll. pool thei r ordt'tf fur eoa l, r luthillg, f urnitu re, trai t for ean· ning,a.lldinfaet,topooltbcirordcra whert'\'ettbc1J"-I bl1cauiu orJer toell'ed t he greateat Bll \'inJP. ~-r~U:.IIIn~!Tt~:I:~!:~I~I~~::~C~~~ wo~;;r~e ~otir :a~~~:a:o0~ ;:.·;~~: derou1nheme. It ia , •·ben 1 011 thi nk of tbe <ooi•hL "i"• " -""• and .oulleao man11er in whid1 are lint lnbmed to angt~ r ~en t to e 11gagfl in murd er, all furtht r en rlcbmcn t ofthe .. arll who are eDolal• ing ' tbem in the mill1 aud minu. · ~ ~t Wan. · • a(italio11 api•ut .,..·r preb.at fall, wben Taft had u tlHt froatiar ready to mu rder it it wovld arpeu tltu t Jte o.f America wo11ld at.a..d agitatioa oJ:"tbe Bot:iali,la tbitl l,lnle p.mt. !\'• t'U do . · lltan(Jalloftheotbe r proll t •alldt~ta of Opt'tation. whit h are plletl apo11 tbe <!.DIIIUMer wbcn anything ia boltgbt. ";~?i~lia:o·~~n:;;:;u, ~o: beT!:.:O::~~,!~~!u~:~ :f ~;;. ~ct.111 ::~ Hean t tr in to .11.1 n a oll!iee in Cbieago, will _abed hi• blood to ....e llezka11 proJIIil rty,-to len I worke.r•. aj&ill.lt war and the Khema ~ar l. . , __ . aohdarrty of_ the wtfrktol cla• &lflltlltt tile rob}l<en ot Talk fut and talk lour, the acl~t~ 111er1 ba,·e gotteo a ot 1(1u i11 tbl.a agitatloa, and l~mteD?flliWarkerstottart if tlleJ tblalt; tbey e&D get a-1 _ """""'"•ift•riu · ~.nmple,durinr theeall'!ln~ llf'UOII,. gett ing them for t he price J•ai.l tho fa rru l!u by th e eo rnmi n ioo dealeff. ;..._ •tnol of J•ayillg - the eommiNiOD mc reiLaot a profi t, tht market deak! r a pro- 1b ip 11 ...ured. A eo111 mltte. hu beo D appoin ted by the Boaf11 of Uireeton to look f nr roo1111 and at the pret..,t time th11 ebaneeto ta•or the notal of olle ent ire IIO<n" of tile llaitd1o0m.e an• building on. Chippewa atred belwteD Do!l aware aad l'nt.D klill. Tb e boildiar ;.. about 100 feet wide by UO f tet dtoep and wi ll pro.,lda "ftry colltmod.iou1 qur· te.-.. Iafad, tllere i.a aotaaothcorCiub Ia tow n w)oiell u .a boan u lu111e a nd eommodlou• .qna.rte1"11 amon1 all of tb• dabawlllchpppealtoworkefllor tbeir Jlll!lllbe rSJ.Jp. Tb COIII!lliltte baa> 110t lolly d-.lde.l u yet whe.-. to ~a.-. quarten, aDd tba ia oaly o•e of ....,fral pr~peitl.-e p111H$ whidt tbe f OIDmittM llaa hi "flew. ' T he Club •u orpuiled a. few weeb a pwl th 1!15 111emben••••tartu, alld at tile pri•te,. ka•e bee.a a little t 1ow wltk t~ r.ppll~ti= bla11b, it woa ld •vve-r tlla.t tAe Olab waa lulq ir.. - ti•ity.~biaaottta.c-.q~,, wi.llt.eUyaatabldu da ow'tllattla.aa~ ''.AIIIaritalt lat.er- lla.-a d11ly arri..-d, d 1n wU! &a ara •! •ta.b. Wlaat ~r- i11 t.be ba~ of tile .;~W. at · ara at -..u -~ tltoa aa\1 tile -•bera ..m be ,.,t.,&pil •~ I •war "WrUfa.:.cl troa tla.a iaoe l.a~tadeM o..tr ~ ., WMitu~ by Wall 1u..t t ~.,.. YOU jola. _ b'-"...,""'"' M �ROCHESTEft; QOSSIP WOMAN'S AWAKENING .,. J~ OOqw-KuMo. • Thl'.'" ll]•f'T•'<"ifll{'o] t ho• • l'iri t ..r rt••·ull inthatW>nl:': A To•l>f'l I ,..ill l>o'. ( lD And '' "'' W '""io: u ].On the t hr.,nt·. I 'll 1,.. 11 Llo<>minl:' Tf'ho•l, olf, A , .. Iori t o ! h.:' l>Ont~ Built for tbell\ el!le., kingdom•. f'mplrf'll, la1r1, BROTHERS ON PICKET Ul ~:: ~-1:!.:11~::.~':~::d·~::.:.~:r.,::~:· (Continued from P.;e I) · · rotil.Y anol ~~~::::~fo:~~~~~~·~:; comforhhl~··· on t he> :.,:h•·.11";01~1:.~11 if!~~: 0 E. WEDEKINDT UNDERTAKER AND PU~ DIRECTOR No. 5 WALDBN A VBNUB • wrought,alfll theworhl 'tfi"OI'eOftttat!Hk l.hedotbberai111ble fillltn a. 1he 11'0\'fl bt'r mind lay blnk ben._lll tbP tlllt k -eollfd lr.-. ot be r For raan bd r~lt'pted to ber that one tuk of -'"•1· Aad while ber mio.d lay blauk, t ile rut~ of tile eutb reaclled forti, and ( clad Ia elotil abe • ot e}, • .\ tf'lwll a•ill lof, A . lo~J~ "' ml' n • luoll ni<'H •·~J·Ioit <ho rill•~• . ;,t.. t hr ••'1. Wlul<' lfi(.:ht U)'OP thf' ~ra tl'olol lir• ..at ••n.. ~ Woawa.' ' ) f<Jr~ct tht d~~· of hr r f une ral. atraD~ Ain;h~.7~~~:~~~.,.~~~:: f;r a . •t•leDdid .. .. nd W01'~ ~:~11:',::"~~t ~;:':f ~~:~~b·;~:o:..•; ::;;z:~11:"~::~~~~; ~~~~::,~::;~~~~~011~:/:~~i!:.:~~ Under 211 O.nta --Our 1118 Noon Dinner-- 211 O.nts The Cozy "Kaiserhof" Peter Klippel Ell....... 111illa, to facloriet; m!W~•I p~· ~:o~:~:.d~!"~:. 0:.:;;:~.-:·:: !t~m ,::• :::~~h; Al(lt&ta and aubeorlbe f'Or the llrfietter·Bettuno. The oaly GtnnaD .,._,.IIC!I" Ia 1M . .te ou~• o r Mew York <."1tr. re,,,.. -.:at!Dr the Uueren of lha WorkiA( a-. - 00 aeow. for a - t l a. 1,., _ th~ "orkoo,., .-Ia~" 11n•l hdl~•·r• for lot• ;, O<"rurrin~ in t h<' wor ld in o.ch ·n l>y eo~tabliJbi n~t a " ' ''·hut ,,,,. -.i.·hn••· "hule loft• ha~k• ,..h,.. b uur Youn11 I '<'OJ•lco " '" t a ki ng barau for womtn. J•r<lf,•..,.,.,n•. ·n at·~ 1tilfere nt. Joo<T, an•t yon ,..;lJ ""''·!~· filul it all Wbr D t b .. ..om•n of Nr .. York inlf'T<'!Iinp. u tbf')' 1 ,... ftn,J ong it . hr ld tlut ir lltot r oafuf'nrf' in Ne w UJ• ' ' " l"~,.' Offiu,315-317Gcoao.St-. - - �_-THAT SUNDAY DINNER We bave ofWt ~d worklag woiDf.rr. l hi .. tired u 1U wUI be ~ Jl_..,j" re lerNtd tel 11 t be "lia•-e of a •lave,'' eveaio,r. :For H r to t• - t alld al'bot ahe.. i•, irr. 111.1.07 c.-, e.-e11 more tead aay Iliad of a •enia~ is teo •M~r~ tll1n 11111, bei11g the •la•·e ofaa i11~~al- ot an eft'ort. lf 1M r. tel II!"' QJ mate lhiug. r;,l, 1be mult take it Ji.Pt '"'"· n,.. II !1 nothi111; b11t a di11ner. Xo .. &aJ' eially if 1be i:l to &11A!11d elutteb -.n-· ki11d of a di111111T Ia a pr oblem tor a !~eo Ia t bc e\'eniajr. "''orldog •o•nan, but t be Sn11day din11er Xow It U 'only utunol n•l ri11ht.tltat don her to • tnr11. l o order to bl"e the ta 111 ily aho11\ J all bl t~tker fA' · .~'trlet:f •bheer ~~;~ •:;:;~aga ~~~r.:~ ~=.~ere::~ ~~~:e:~·l;a:~~~:~IJ';.,jt. tb hoklag bow to •n•ke• chtapc111. look and ,!Aile l ike a rib f OII.II, a nd !bell tbe get.ti ng of t be mul. Wonkin~ people like to t!N!p a li llie longer Sande,r mornlag, ln&Jmllrh at !1 t be o11ly day tM fnti\'e alarm don ::~:1 ::~:~h·~~~· :~~~ lmmtdiately begin prel"'rin,:o oftbeweek-tbe lyra.ntand · Snaday di noer, Thf' 1 f a1111iy bue a day otf, thf' ' r ud1 the 8u11da,r l,. r>efl. ta. i are off 111 811ndlly ocbool or I I ·hut the .,.;fe and motbrr 111 m~<'b, or mi)te, to do on l bn t uooanyother. , About:! o'dot'k lbe iJ l!!n'f'•l a nd aftcr the dlshu a re wa1bed 1111•\ forrl..d: lmt .,...,,. it 1bould ntla'l'e OM one Uleuol~r of the bmil,r more tbam tbe otber1 ;~ beyond my c01nprehe11· aion. I~ &boukl be made 11 timple &I Jl'Oitible, .,.ilh tht e limlution of an llllhllf'KI!Ir)' .,.or k. Get it 0"11! witb I;:,:;",::::::~LI;0;:.J 4r~.:e0~~~ lin opportu11i1~· In attend their bnoocb mllf'liuga. ---CUSTOM TAI'LOHS mnta bd 1 ad ttb )t.fo 11day of ea~b ~t~ontb a t S..bwars""''" '1 Doll, cor. Synmore atul J.t· fenoa Sta. J oia t bt Oti•lliut.Ooa of ('t&h. Demand t bt Ualo• i!,'::.,l. n,..,.l TO!t.l FITTON- Dyer 111d Cleaner, l.oldiu • and Oe111 '1 Oarme1111. Hoyt Street, near Potomac ,\ •·enue. JUST FOR FUN SALE NOW GOING ON - AT - WILLAX'S DRY GOODS STORE All Winter Goods at about half price to make room for Spring Goods. Hundreds of articles that you need. Costs nothing to look and very .little to buy. One dollar does the work of two. Special low prices in Furs, Underwear, Gloves and Dress Goods. M. WI LLAX 1268-70 Genesee St., Cor. Kehr 0 U R OWN TRADINQ STAMPS WITH EVERY PURCHASE DURINQ THIS SALE OSCAR AMERINCER o7t Ellicott St~ iomu Vittinia. OF OKLAHOMA Q, A R JiE NAN T E lllllllllll Ql lmlcl T-'irst Speaker on Cyceum Course C/ocbUJ/WIIfdet ..tlf•.,_;,. utJWanelltW. Fine Jewelry Repa.1J1n~ .:£40 Terra~ BuftaJo., N. Y '' Lectures in Buffalo Saturday and August Klenke vu~!'~!,.,e t2Tt Qeneue Street, ... ~.tmet. t.-1. . UU. I"HHOfa, HOWARD 117,•R t!JAMPLS:, ROOM ~ .... Saturdap Evening, 'Ttbruarp ZZnd ' a 8 O'CLOCK I Joaeph Wuts c..u- ~~- Sunday as follows: cr,.,. UJ15t5 ·B&Jiey A venue. Comrade Paraventi, ~ . Klocke,.s Hall I • 0 ' Gold and ~ejoy Sts. '' U'1der Auspices Branch 6 (.'kanlng,I'Turlngand &,ofrlrl/1 2!515 TERRACE Qneen Gity Candy Co. WHOLESALE CANDIES •' Sundap :Jifttrnoon, Ttbruarp Z3rd Cbe Cast Call . Colonial Hall WOOER SUITS AND OVERCOAT~ We have' bunched all our $12 and SIS Sults$875 2nd Overcoats at.. • And all our $"16.50 and $18 Suits and Over- $11 •75 ' S03 WILLIAM S TREET Bell. Hnw. lh&-:W: II 2 .30 O'CLOCK frontier 2650t o;; c~•t ... Tbk .. ,...rtlnly the~... · ·~ to pt your or THE .EIJfEoiPIJSE ~1-a a.- ana St. J.800~J~ 0 --288 West Ferri St. So><'iali1m u a n ee monmeut e•ll• t o l be work of Ullllltiug the W OIDIG Under Auspices Branches 2 and 4 ..~... realiJ.inr t hat llla.&ttt• only uplift tbe ruut"ea. Sundap €vtnlng,_'Ttbruarp Z3rd 8 O'CLOCK ColumbiaTurn Hall .J26J-J265 Gcncsce St. Under Auspices Bra.nc::h I MRS. MARY WARD PRENTISE / WJu ~) �PU11l.JSMU).....at1.TIJT THa .........., BUFFALO SOCL\UST PUBI.ISHING COMPANY SlY.&pStr.t,lrds.,.._TDIIHIIISUU':;"........._. HmQtY TUTnULL, s..o_,. ' IRJI'l'ALO,N.Y• ~ -~· ·8UPFALO, N. ¥. . W . ... CA TTIU.l.• . _ Mp. Addn.o SlY. Rap Sbwt. ltd boor ,_.,.,,SOclb; m.ocoet.. ~.,.... ,... ~..--. ~' £.11te~~~:=.-e\~k~:J1:• !~:!2i.:!c'::.":9omoe ·~ Sololaipt:HI Prb ~1.00 SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 22. 1913 "STEALING OUR-THUNDER" W1· lf'H rn from n rwnv;al of the capitalist paper~~ that " the ill pr.,p;t r iug to lltN•I tho: thunder •f thl' SoeialistA, ., and our madt' .,-:INd. & ·aulli' Wl' knuw that the kaiser will n ot 11tenl a ny lightning-and ju.!lt afii the Bull :lloosP in_tht: Jut camp aign mere!~· c-t.tdt-.1 in Adn•rtiliiug thl' re11l t hin g by lit~ aJn)CIIC>" o f enuut.erfelt dalism, ,.,.,.n 1<0 th•· kHi~~<.•r will boom the real thing in Oernuwy 11tcaling lht: "" t hull(lt·r ·· of tlw Hf'd ll. . I! II i~ t r uf' that tlum• BN' wo•JI.meaJ~ing pt-opl~ who imagine t hn.l 1 c ialism i11 mer"l>· gowrnmcnt o~·ue~lup of rertsm, o r of a ll of product io n but thl'y Hrf' leHrn ing b .. tte r. 11nd the M(I()M' 11IJ!!Orh t h i,.; elt'lllt'llt, the IIOOIIt'r t ill' Socia lillt t hl" itw11 h1111 of t heir pro.,;enco·. o·an truly o:•luealt· !hi" i Uti" m•co·.'Uiit>· of o·o·ououlie Kml politiclll OI'!JIIIIiERtion to th11t dr.-.11m of thl' a gl·H-Socia li.l!lm B~· Soei~tli.sm Wl' do not mc~n t•l('(•t iu.g th_e ma>·or of l'odt.m k. By Soei!l!J.'Im W f' 111<'1!.11 the 1'1'011011111' O'lllllllCI(HIIIOil Of the WOrktng ci.!IM f rom thr o·haim; whio•h now bind il. Tn our mind politir.11l a ud a'Onomic or gan iZHtinn offer I'Xl"t'llt.-nt mi'ans of tt~"('ompl illhing that ~fl(l.. If tllf' Bull :IIOOSI' part~· o r tht> kin!<er of Germ•n>· Will kmdly lend t he1r ll:ihiJ;tunct• by p ullinR into pr11ctict> IIOillt.' of tht le-r demands of t lu· ~ot·inlilil li. in llll t•ffort to·· kill th•· l'Ht by choaking it 1\;th C1"eam. n o dou l•l thl' SocialiKUI t'81l stand it. Wt• s houhl worry. 11nd ~'1't wrinkles ! " ON BEHALF OF LAZARUS" wewill 1 :'\othin~ d.-li ~htll the ma~;lera quite 110 much u to l&('(l A .~ to~. . . . ., _,.dMI MJ,b!llbaed a_,. .U lbt timet." \'o11 ere i ll aware llf tM t.et tllet le • .o\ad tbu ~~ ae-lflobon, obHrrl.111t orhor to wla I• ua• ·,...t MUle f or bw llll>(b 1" ,. oal &.114 Jn..e your Sotlallali we Mut ....... t loe ..utuc• b11t bnd at bo-, ftile ophlloro the cla5.1!1 di,·id•-il •gaitllU iltwlf . wlwthe r the ~;ubjeet be religion. mtthatls of orl{a ui;r:u tiou or whllt uot. So long aa thry can keep di,·id•·•l ~~~ailllil onnwh·1'11. ther can hold MOTHER ~ONES u11 ~AIL ::!..:·;~;:::,::::..:: '•:;, ',":; ON "INDIRECT. INFLUENCE" in llondage. IN . Whert• it the workin gman or workingwoman whoee h eart doe~. not ,·earn with afff'Ct ion for that (Jilet:n o f the l.11bor mo\·ement. dear old 1':11othtr J on('!lf'' w,. can't imJI8ine an>· working peno_n.not h er IJUo:•ft1JIIe. in ~pite of her rour.fiCOre years. she is t>ver wtlhng to tbl' ti!!lll of the toileno. . • ·: .. :-.:othing f'OU1d mor.- trill>· emphas•ze tha fact the~ Wf!men are u fully a part of the wor k in~: dn1111 Ht ruggle for emanc1p~t1on u mt>n. th.11n th i.l!l rrur.gnifitNlt woman lead er. • The men ha,.,. their IIBywood!l. t heir Elton . the ir 'Gen e Debs and boaordt ptaa... .ro qu.lte thi., t boagb their Gionn nitti.11; hut the women at the 8&Jile timo ~re aupplying the . . .1 of t be:Z, W"el'e witb ~. O..o :\lot her Jon.e~. the EJiUibeth Gurley Flynns, the Cam e Aliena and the 1pcahr feared· that tbo ballot woul4 afgrade bft• wo111111hood. Au~tber )f.!lr\' M.11ren . •·oiced !be ori~lllll 11111timeat tbf:l a ' Kow rOme. t h e unbhL~hio~ upitAlist pre!l!l with the Woman'a 8phera b t be no~. "b4ithat t ht ma.'!lt'MI of the mines .11nJ t h e li\'fS of the miners, th.ia ·~ heroine into box..e.!lr jail; h ave heaped upon b e_r and the indignities uaually t't:IJerved for the l owest of eonvtct.l, ~~·e,:r ~:: :,:~:~~~o:;~ ~~~a~::. ::::·o~~~ ~:c!·t~:~tu~~\.: ::~ a CBJ" ~B. a-n. t~b •••ld tb;o01~::·~:.-:;b:;\ = JociJ~horiaJ :.~t ;!;bca~~~~~!=~ !::c.r ollke blllJdi111 I lmlb womu---;;ith hut ket ...d mor wu already enp1ed II()OD be~ al!ll tly to.ll 011 halida . .d h eea. Sbe wu oot at bome -.ad would aot be fer ....., weary bou11 t o eo,ne. A Wo~ .. Bahere l1 t H HOm.. appareat,ly di4 .at lijlply to be. ~fo~::'"~:!:O:."t;:~ all 4ay a nd ~ld be apia toJDorTOW. All of t'-ea, by l'P.oD of t bt da. p.tio! cJVWdhos. wera bei111 allbjected t o the d~tioa ot ·JWOIIIIKuon )lbp;ieal coatacl elra..Dfe meo Ia l!lltpea.l~lt. all'rtot.l :~.r:::c:ce,.:~rei;...:!:t :P:;~:';~O: o•:!~:!ea'"!!:!toa.::' :;::i~{':,.: ::'e~o ;::,. ~~~. ~,:_;~o! men~·~j~~;:;t c~~;:e:Janow the worn.out theories of "c~infry., ::lb~~:~;!:;;~ :::·~~~ :;a:~~ c::u:...:~!:,:: ~7:y ..bre wen by CaJiitalillm lw robbed women of the doubtful beueftt. of "chivalry/' and lluhtititnted no (!(JUi\·al('nl. lt n ever amounted to mneh e:xeept to e;rtabli.11h womanhood ua thing ower which men m ight aDd grat if y tbe hlo®-t'rning. • . Aod while we prate chi\·alry , dear old Mothe r J~M. benune of a thouuud world ng cla!la ba ttleR. lies in b e r box-e:ar p r1100, the p r t>y t o a t housand imliJnlitif>l. 11bu1ea a nd iDaulta. . A fi.ne aratem indeed, for 11. woman to aup port I or :~~· ;':':::";:-; 7-:r..~ !:'.'.."~:; do!D! all ill ~r J!OWtr to pt y~ar liUt. A. 1.1111• o.t aU u, U.., JeniiiJ llliiOIIIillflt.,iatlaeDce tbat l be lady 1puktr ::•.rolU ~~~ ,:':e!::;e:.o: ~:·.~:.~t ~• &lou. No. . of t blt by attndiag a U1Hti11g of tbe 4.uo- Among tbem wu tbe t))"liler bf. tbe td•ocued. . Alf!UI~ ,.,.r bJ1lll~lo, atUKod s-rty Maybe !fiG art ot. U.. few Olllllra4u tiatio11 Oppoted to Wom.. •a Ball'rage.. afteraoo11, bot tN waa appareally A car bally ca~e aloa1 w..,b l Jaeetillp. .,,... 01 uo-ltte-, work who helitn tlloat ~:~ea ban o01b· Jt ,..., a eeleet oeeuioa ..,d tile aot diaturbed by tbU d~datlo11 of .,.co:eoeded I.a boat411J. lt wu _Ja•· for tbe' Bo1ralo 8oda.lkt aBCI 10 orer Jar t o do wltll tbt ....,,_.~, • ff tloat r "1 e111e"ai11ed mywlf the otb\ r day,l&die. tbat a ....ited :::.:~ t~fJ1~.!:;-e4~: "-!.. ;:-: ~",~ !:_;~~~YT:Ot..:: ocrro~_:.'::.~:: ~~~-:::~b'w~~:: u..e ~ til•.:~~~ ~:~ ~~~;:o~; :.e e~ ~~o!! U.. ;;;:.;~~-~,.~~r~ll~:.;~bt!=-1~:: ~;• a=.~d~1 1"!ro~~~ ~~=·;"'~~'..::-"::. -:. ~ tloe eatti•lf t wlad, fotl\1!11 f'C'OII'tred wMtber tile wu •• enapla or t be t i l - jl!at wloat l11d1Nd ....... ,.,., lead peltll• .,.d e\ew1t1 pm"' '"!'• .occ- . or tloa " ladiru t '!l~lr.od•" of woaldUOUf!t!l to I Y f t - tbat. . it~~~... :U~ •;n~:.'!d :~~~;011~ ~~~~o:=:~:_,~ ~!~~~ bu.bucl will ' " ' 'lake th cblldre11 eomH to !li'rioc IUIJ U.4' of'laetare, aiao, but tt1 t b Jnipo.lbte to do that, aol.llrtaio.nt., a a~ 1of parer Ray It M • ltolf of t.loe tl - uut pg., for _u,. tat11ft, 01" . . . . a t.alk t.alr.e care of tile kiddie. wblle yoar oo eC~r., " • mee bYe beld. tbelr bubaad pta a little relid frena tM owe 1.114 preY.-. a bit ad.jaoet. Ye:aa.. a.ticoa ol tbe by.· Bow u P......Silem all t~a ••eoonr•- vf :'aD(O: ~::.=: ~~~~~ ;~ ';"u!::~:-:-:. apT: depth. aaa aw Ud t.llftl bJ'. t'be fur eoat wblt~ . .ora.a .. ctn'\0-c ~ -.n lOot 111 tH ltJ'Nt ur. 1 tlao tH aadiot• lt.l o'l't Jato t\1! tnot te· tM tllle e~ ot tli:e 1loop ..., llbd to ....., tHo. ~ f • oou ~ ::.~::·o..::~!':.'b.:'~.'~.::la~~llil: ::~...'::'.!:": ~;,:;:~:~ ' ,\ ' ., :· ~ . _:'.:.U-:-~=~~~;;...-:;--y~.C wftll ••t . . . . . at an, aad It eaa'l 1ft lat~. ~" tW.. yo 7011 "- a. la .U.- •at 1:oa •"7 paU..t ucl tutf111faa s;;:;::t-:: ~: :; :m.:~,::;-:;r,: ro-. u woald ,..,., "It work dl"'olVM tN b-. by_ I.Uiag workerS! 1"' apP WOD 1 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-02-22 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-02-22 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n038_19130222 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n038 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9e2412aa57a2c2d1e0355266bd163ea0.pdf c1bed54064b970f3305df56459076e36 PDF Text Text ®wfft~~IYI~ . . I • . . 1 l.OCCATTfli:-or YOUit ADDIU!SS LAIII!L IP IT IS 38 . YOUit SUBSCRIPTION I!Jt. PIRI!S NEXT WEl!lt • LECTURE COURSE GREATEST SERIES EYER HELD IN BUFFALO �And •1- ••l rrhi\~1."-'• the I h,•· II l<t' r\"ih• !'('\ " '"" h•w· G<'~UI•ieol t h" <I .,; olll •·r· .h>rinj.! thr 111~1 ~ n ~· rn,.. ~tlln t. ,J lh~ wut.• r !J,..•., ~l r. !-td,...,ll ~ ol'r I 1 The au<lien« .,.~,., """" ,.,.ul••· >n>UI• I ban· '"' oloubt he~n oJ•UI <"lll lll\tll~a inj.! IIU~>tiuno i?~~:},jti~~~·~!;::~~J:;P;~ ~ ~~~:~~:}~[~:~::~!ti~· ~;;:·::::::~i~ g~;~;;·;:~;g~:J~: I~:::;:~f.!.~:::.~f;::t::" , cr•' l"' 1r111 I)Uitt' IIJlJ' torri•tc. lu rt'JI<>rlinr.: tht' •~th·iti" ut t b<' Cb11ri1y Orr.:mni~ation of t lril ri!I l err rd b~· •U•I_ing '\hat ''!>ink tc ... ·• 1rould ""' brhl In thei r new ''dnb ho11•<'. ; ' Tbi1 bl~lo&ioj: dui1ned for 11rt't'! rha r ity will be Le11te11 •il•·rr tra1 in.t t'lld. url I would •ugfjut lbt 1i11~"' tbr 1'1111d• thAt wrre uted to build thi1 l 'niunism''; t 'om rade · " 'fht' f'l•u Sttug,:le"; Comrall e on "80<-i•li•m for Ue(illllcnr" Comr 11 de Al e:raodf.r •lid •orne d e•·er Soci•littie on 11 bl•d• b011rd. Comnrd e to ba.-.• Jpol<en on ''The""'''""''"'"" '"'' Prinfirlt' ut Soc ia li) m.•· rradl" f or tb ~ ordul l1111t :~;·;:~~:::~:~mw:~ :::~:'!if~.:~ ~~?t ::~:.~~~~~~~ ·at tb~ nnr " tbt' 1rork e r• Ulol' it for • tubereul.,.lt ~:i::::·~~i:l:~~;;:.;~~e;u:.:::~;.;o:i~~ Tht' •• Jiouortbl e Judge•'' were ra·l•·; 'fo•rwilll£rt, h • ilry, O•r. "'"''''' " l llliiL.U ~~~~~~~~~~~u~ [~:~,.::·.t:::- ~:~~.: ~.: ,~... . . HELD IN BUFFALO [ ~~. ::~·:~~:.,,~::;·; . ~;:.~~~... , ,.,.,.,;,.,..,\ from !'age I ) :"'o"'o .,. ~ •~~"'"- •II olf'lil!htf'd wltb rx:••:i•r•, nno l ,..~rr ~•n•nimou oi i of : ·: ~:;·:L~~I::~'~i~~~;::·:.::: I~iE:~:}J~~~~~::'~i~~~~;:;;'.,,· ~'"' ~e: \\"lu ll' l h~ ul l~~r "l'<'•kru will Jbow 1\"bnt ,Jc>o·• it ,j 0 f,,, ""f .. ' ' ' W••ll , it DA.NOE AND SOCIAL UNDER AUSPICES YOUNG PEOPLE'S SOCIAUST l.EArAJE Saturday Evening, Feb. J5th, J9J,3 Boctalbt Vote. "'' FRANKLIN HALL, 52 West EacJeatr.et REFRI!SiiMENTs . .:: ~ m:. arkllhl~:;·~ ~::,::: :~.::·~~"::!;: h~ta!o:l:~o;~;~~; :~7; nf uunr .,..• , jn•t • little too long. tbat t he blot k ll"ltem ;., •n 11 t..otute tu~:·:. ~~;·ea:.~~h:~~~,.~-~j:r7•~0•~~~ ~-~e:; ~~~l<::.b :::h~'~' =it;:;""•~:: ~f:~'."'":~:.:'~,',',',. u::~,tn:~···ta~1: 1 •1•~:.:~of'a:0~ ~~~e;•;; :~: ~~e:.,:!~~w ,:h:.ill ~~~·~•:::,rmukable "" r i•·• .of Nluu.tiun• l '\-:.;,t·~.y h••·e no!ll!fld the 'fb•• <"""'l'lt·t·· ~~"•"" w•ll hr rlfh•·..re.J lu ltu~•!o ll'.r""' ''""'"• •~ . tullow~: --. AI Klo.- kr _> ll a ll. l.o•·rJDy ,St r,...t, for II ~··· ~o n•r<"" 11 '"" :oC.1 turrl•>_" t'l"enl.ng~. IN!· r.:rnn no lf S:rturtla~· r Hnrng, triJr uarr " 'omrn iu our J>rn.. ram. Well, it hiii'J"'n~d 10 tb i1 time. I hll'l"t' 1'111111'! of thr j.,-lril, 1111d .,.., to make ~nrc of It the nfilt i• w..IJ sgrH<I that, u • race, l!~•l. . ., , , t'll h•ve more In do .wi t b I OSp AI rulon•al 11 ~11. :!S~ \\~t htry me_~;~, ud 10 th•y Ptr('('t, for ~ou..-~ u l l\"~ Sunday a ft · makt' en11 bntter' ft•:•• ;:~~~~.c;'::;Y ';,,~_ano~erooou, ;:d~,e ~::;.:.~~i.'~:~~r~\ 11 :~ek~ ~I' 1;01::: ;:il::~,":!~rtw~l~ ~;:~:·k·~-::: .. ,.. !:!uud•y e•·,ai ng . t'eb· ~CO«. The ... .,., r ~matkablt' tb ing about · tbete leduu~• i1 that t he,. are f ~. Yon J~Urrbllllt" • u.rd fur llfty cent•, 'Wbirh eu tit le.,. tbe bol.trr to 'ill montb• ' •nhKriJIIio• to t bf. llull"alo i:loei•li•t or *"Y otber Su.:i•li•t l 'ut,. I,.J>et. or, If you .,..;.b, lltt,.«nll 1rortb of8ocial bt litt' RI\lre. Tbe ......, u rd without aur furt.lter f:b.Ar,e admita you to th i1 wondert ul .erie-ofler tur K. tionlvlllot'fll.nnot beuver f or tkt' littelal'.:rilliec-el•l ur Jnp from live o!tbe belot tbr ~l•li•t ran,-; 1 huU.l<t,D t lw!m ,.eanof lllllla\f. T be •rie. of llle.lo,.. ba•• n~rl'dforl:ltllfaloby tlae <,SiO •r~tbe ri~ht'll Every Socialitt who wants t o te-e a Socialitt Band should Httnld this da~. : •,898 f.rmhar : !:: ~ ~;;;;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ::.::''i~~~ ~~er:d~e 0~a:b~·~;:; ~~: ia .!~~eu 11~-:·..11e !•Ia made ia •li• plued. t:.-errwbere we b•~"e ;,.· '!"'~~;~:~ ;1!,::;1.'t~::· ~fet.- <lel"i tt't ~:~~~ ~~~'7.,:::. ~~: :::: df:u:; bad ;~;o~·:::e:~.~::~~!~~\~~~~·1 0 ,' ;::,1111i;r~:~~tr~•~:~!:,:~u~~-atc~:o:n;: •f:~~:twotte and more-o,.er, it il 1101 tiW ,_dl a•d their ,laiJI to rroolu~f! dh•ideada. If I'Ublie ullli- only !be 8oci•litt .-o\4! U•t gro..-., b~;~t Wl'.tO l'"bli cl,. owocd a!ld operated 111H the I J>i rit of 1(11\dlltii i. The 1;" iiU!t.u!l of_ bt.ill& llf'h••t.-:11 _ o......ed _ ~iali!!_ f.rme r qg_ ~ nl)!_ eonrlu~tf'd for prlnte prollt, ell"ittial!' "them union fellinr Ia towa eondi tlont would not obtain. And J11 . notbing bul atrll<e tor more t'l rlut 11Uy -srmeo11e 'WOUld not be kill~\ Nowadayt wbe11 tb.at onloa feller or Injured ever." .e.•·e n mJn11 t 8 of thr i11 trouble, romrade f•rmer te11dt aigbt and tlay In tbil ~ountti u II t be bon wheelt , to (Mill bim ouL u~ At f "olumiJia T"rn ll all, l ~fl l O~neaee '"hou r.") IOtr...-1 , l•·f ron!k'ruti•·e 8un41a~· f\"tn• Ou r l'ou 11 g f'eojole' 1 l.eaguc ~:~~ ~~uing "'fhel'l! :~o;:i;:l!t!:·~~'!l~·-.,,~~e1': 11 ~1 t:e J u~t nor, thr G~u• are thrtt' i1 no tellillfl bow it will from tot111y, ~inre tb e ~me great bo~t.lenr 011 t~elr Our ~oate~~ t for ul~~tge<l moooboo<blp j :::. hu bee" ruaain1oa1,. 1i11ee o rlanmoath,,.e tgue. •J>rliutiolll •re •lre.dy No, gnMS ~..g~~la. Tbltii! asaJ 11. Well, don't buat yonr ruenin,ll" aDd I will t ell IOII. o•·er 11 buad red ud teu! Put rou r pipe ·~d amoh it. Tlwt' jllU&woebit,lau'titf Arewe ln ftf Xot 10 tb1t you caa notice It! now. GOOD MUSIC FOI IEIEFIT of FIFE liD DiUI CIIIPI m•••· t ~ .,( ,\m,•ri•'"" & r iali• rn, Uueilf" l"a Tr~· Ibis '"toar-loo:r'' '""' ''~'> I Tbl o ;, 11 1ur 1u itlu¥ rb•n 11 e of · Kan .. " . . ltttur,, "oll ,,,. " lhliu11 du~f' to a lla,·c t wo •J'oP&kenr. ll a•"<" four Dt tl:r ou ~l r. ("onnell e't part~ to ..-,. thl' ku t Kenturk,. ••~~~ ~~:"::,:•::::._bu �SlGIAUST LYCEUM C• 3~C(US(S.IN IUfAI.O Spe.~kers · · ~ubJe<Ot On•rRmtrl•gtr.t O.tld•••cbt S«lillllt Q.llt,. 6torgt Willis (Hkt W,.l II SMI.Itll• t €11• l(ttw BIHr Cbt. C/6ss c..nkt Emil Stldtl . W,.l S«<iillsts W••t tltorgt lj. 6otbtl Cbt S«.lilllst m_,,_, Where and w.hen they speak AT KlOCKE'S HAll, COlD AND LOYUOY STS. Saturday Eveni n gs 8 o 'clock ' (AUSPICES BRANCH ' l February 22nd ~I orch ~lan::h 1st Sth Mnrch 15th i\l nrch 22nd AT COLONIAL HAll, 288 WEST FERRY STRITT S~nday· Afternoons 2 ~0 o 'clock · (AUSPICE..oc; BRANCHES 2 and f ) February 23rd March 2nd March 9th March 16th M arch23rd AT COLUMBIA TURN HALL, 1261-1265 CENESff ST. Sunday Evenings 8 o 'clock (AUSPICES BRANCH I) Olear Ameringer ~~~Tee~~~~~~~okc Februa r.r 2Srd ~~~ ~~g E mil SCi.dcl ·• Ma rch 16th Gocbt:l ~arch 2Srd The olmiuio~' i'!i FREE. Purcho~ a fifty cent card good for six months s u b~eription t o t he Buffalo Socialis t or any other Socialist papa, or if y ou \\;sh it is good for fi fty cca ts.worth ofSocinliat literot u~. ' ~.OI:Orge H ~ This Card admits the Purclasa to ~1 the L«tures A~~:ltate and subscribe for the ArDetter•Bettuno~ . The only German De-.papcr In th e atate ouulde of Ner York Chy. f'l! pte· .en!lng the intere-t of th 11 Worldng CJa... -110 cuu ta for 8 mou1ha. �IVPP THE FACTORY, WHISTLE ~ tlie faetWa make llpOI1 ol tile ri~ ~ to iDdhiduallty cd.. e~~pitd. aoeietr iu the faetory wbiltle. Tbe faetorT wbictle tell. a man wben to riae aod· wbea to bMkf.u4 when to leave bome, wbeo to tiegi.n ·~ and wileD to- Tltop, when aod bOw fut to. Mt his ·dinDer and when to quit Work and go bome. Conteque.atly e"en the famil,y'life' of the worker is kl a large extent regulated by \he..&etory wb.Ue. OioriotM iodi\>iduality I u.; o..; BUFFALO SOCIAlJST. PllBUSIIING OOMPAN\' u• ..;....-1 ... 52Y.e..p.Stt.t.3tdD.IIII" ._...TlN HaJSUUt.. .._,.._ BU]']I'ALO,N. Y. ; I"RANJt . .UUUIQI1UIIU, " : " - ~.:;..~.~3td0oor W.I". CA~~N.~. ~Prb$1.00,.-.,..,,50ttlb:IDOIIdtl.paTM* Iaetfy­ " THE DEBT OF LIFE , "No 011e b o.r-1- Ia tltlt world wllo 1~ borolu.t ur aoatber,'' uld 1 Tbla bold• JOOd for the poorBAtralo, New York, tu~iler the Act of lbn:b 8, 18'78 01111 labore r, u well •• for tbe ~:~~ott SATURDAY, FEBRUARY ~S. 1913 famoo1 l<'in.tilt wbo dl~~«<>•·on tome = = = = = = = = = = = = = = ====loew ,,,~en of wul!h produc.tiOIId or I EDI.el'ei!. N.eooDd.C:IIMutaUer Jtu~e6, 1811, atlhepo~tof!oeat = "~a' . ~~~~~~e.:,:~~~"·:_~~=~;~"~ ~~=~~~' ,::.:~~~v~:~" p~~:tM~o:!~ ~o"t!:~:,o :,~ •;::,o~ u::~' A HATRED WORTH. WHILE \l('!lc:i:>~~j;il:u,~~::~'i'::'~~~hh,~,~!~~:~'~-:f,:.e~;,~gP~~~~~~~~~ o~C::~~~~J~ ud &.Sial~llj.lion ur ~:.erm;•.ny. Aufust Brhd ..the u~~~~·~,':~:~\~IJJ~i~i:U]~;i~~~~lll 111111 lUi ibt•!: ft. r~g 10 11 0 :': it~ "n!cl<:.dtl~ ll!.t:et' 1111 Posi : U:gtllt bl• ~>;:;th1 b~ ~~:;:~;:e:' ;;~~ ~:;t~~: ~~;&a t~:'.i ~~~~e:i dl~l.~~~e ~~~~~!~~~an. :':!~:" hhee ::d=~~r~he y,~:':~'1111~~Yl~::;~~;;,:~:!..,:':;~~~;e:~%,:• .':; !~'1"~~t·!~~t:o ·,:;~ ~/e!~r 10.~~:: ·:,! -:~~=-~h!:'' !~ o:!~ pe~-::·~~~~:.~:! ~~~~:_~~~;,:111:::~~:·~~1ttthf~~~~tl~~.;~.~~:::~111~~ ~::::'~~~!~~ti1u~}~, 1.~11:dn~.~~~;~~\~ ~~::u::e 0~;~~·~~h,oui~. r~::;:~: :;~:~~:~~;;::;':t; 11~hi,~r:~~;~~:~;~~h;~·~ 1!.:'~::1 ~1 ;~~r':.~t~f· :::!cQt!~~~~:!t~ii;: Do•moo·rnti!· l'llrt~·. iu urdo·r to Ht·or o· itll 110i111 ttml ghow Hebel in unlo;~~~j:~.:ir:'!j,,,wrihcd "" "tho• o·hNmpiou bt la ft..t .D Woi"M U.... ~1: tiut-.4 of i ' '..' 70De pay ltll owa d ebt of lisktt:olof the bardeu of D1l7DD., be k it owa work, aod oo loll,.,lo~rc·•-"-tbe l.iurdtll of 10111t, be com· p!IOJ!Te to d lbll tiiU duty aod peb ot.llen to {"11 Ilia debt. owo lad 11po11 the btc.b of Uut if t),li eoaceptloo of lu111a11 U· W.ft w\11 be ill[bter for aU of ilture ~ true, if mao erl.ta on\7 for It II ooloo«er too llf;bt for .otne il a jotrt!atat olle, Ia· · 11 • ~~ :~• ~~ilo;:.:t, ::.e:'!.:~~~~'i!!•lll we tOIIld llllbt ":{~:::· :,~,:!:~'~·~,111:~~~~:n!~;~~==-~ ~~=~t~ ~~~"~~~::;.;:: deft of ute. lie I• a ''detul·beat"; rlrlllud life 10 el'ery·day rraet lre. ~~ Ia e•uy forwud IJIOI'ellu~o~ and brotbuhood loto tbe .... _.; yo. taking 1'1" rannol uplift 10tie1,. morally by aet• of ll'gi!lation. So do1>bt about tbal. No •erioul thinker ever tbou11b1 of &liT· thing of tile kind, o'r III'Op<lftd the re~neratlon of oar 110dal world b,. lefl• t-:th·e marhlaery. D11t if 111•• •nd poll· ti~• '"' ' of .a lillie Yllllf! to the d" •·elopmtnt of IIOt"lety &all to t" i111· l>ro>·e~~teal ot IIOI!ia.l 'I'Oadiliool, why do our ma1ten eon1taat\r en~phulse te in prartlal polltlea, pertinent elfort t o \-aile bold l••·1111klag maehh1ery in brder body IU huere-u lo lnr1 the ultinoat.. eliininatioll of lhe of poYcrtr, 111itery &lid aU other -1111 di-IH •priag\111 fro!'lltile prl!lleat sy•· tero of economl~ Ulololtatioo. And If 11'1 1ueteed Ia lmpnwin'l eeoaomle eoaditiona of tbe uplolted mu- by polltita.l mea 11J, worklog oa ':. ~~~~;~~. 11a ;d :::~u;v: :::;!~ i~ ;:~~~=~: !o~t:•:a;:n!:e 0 1!"b)' ailou.ld oot tbe ~~t~ke ari attempt to attain po'lf'lr io ordM to eoa· lrol-u the apJtalid ~laM ia dolaa to. da,y-tlle ]llltu'prehag ~~!l!atl. .,l. e.., tile courtd . Fln•lly, If tile votea of tba J>I!Ofle count -for..., mucll ae loag u they are o:ut !11 !be lnterert of t he rnllllf ela•, 1bey mlaht, pert.p., 1!011111 for atill ~~tore wbea cut In the lnlerl!llt of the I ra.ll!ll ... to tha u.tell.coee o( or one taet le •• •pinlt aaothu ooly the privilege or enry It ia hl1 d uty. n,., I a r1ght t O deltlld of the upres.io11 of' hi1 tilouaht on 1uth qo~><lo.-••">•ot l ;~,::~ blu eroe..,,•without out IHifllOnal fullar. 1 ~::r:·:~.~~~~~~·,:;J~~;;·il~1°~,.:*~\:'~:~~~~~~n"~~i~~~~eb;.0:~:~~~~:;;~~lrs11 ~~~~~t; llf;·::n~in11: :a~=~Y ,;:,i:::~~~·;: ~~ ::~~~:;,:;!:!~n:ile~::; employ· oro~~: ~::::~~~•• cbae.:e tha aatore ~c·'~~" Ju~..O~~Ier. : iead <'XI<renion• aod. ia1t~ume~t1 of internts meot of lile people ~ot in~ .-IH"'I, th•• po·nuttmlit,l· ur o·I•·IWlletill of "lentlt•n!" \\"ill free the work· hut tht· o•o hl<'utinn of tlw IIIII&'! itllclf. Don't be nfrft id to f"'Od. ~:·~t~~;:~c~~~~~~f~~::~.:d•~:e •:n~:~;: ment o~ tit~ J~~>11'H'I bt!hiad :~!1 ::~:::1 ':~;;:•m7o1fu 1;be fl':;l•:r• t loe111. And .nd -i•l relatio111 of men to Iliff, ·· 1"''"]•111'' Ul'o• l'••jowiu~ o\"l•r lh•·ir pOS!!Cll!iiOu of makr il• I'O""f'r• f~lt In th11 ~loaping of \\',. h•·ur t\l;ot \\' i!liuu~~·mitwnt. ~o l o "i"'llk. jour· woli~ t. IS UI{Uin ,.,.,·up.l·iu..: u po>siti"'1 in t·l os•· ju:<tupositiou wit h the 1-tnt•· p i•··('Otl nlo•r. un~unl Pn•• thiul-:" nloout t lw :'oc uol ist mo\"t'nwnt i11 the fnd thAt it ··nn.'lioh·n; ]•tit... qolo·ll aho "' indi\·iohwl hoHOJ'" · \\'hr n Sot·ia list par ty uni··utlll nro· uo miwo t•·tl. llu·y ur1• ''ult•tl for 011 tho• princi ples ror whio·h tlo··Y ~tnud. witho ut r•·~o:nr(l tu who tllt'y n ro·. whe r.• they li\·e. or h"" oououy · ·fulluw•·r~ ·· lh··y 11111 Y " " supros~'<l lo lut \"{'. l'un hennort, if law 0~1: . ; : : : : :::::~• r~:~ia~11 ,Jfro:"'~~=b~to:11-; 111 ~11 1 • •11': . thill(l, but rou can by Ia"" elaan~Ji! tbe ~:.. ~,:';.~".,:. 1 ,~:::~):".:.~.1 '"''~;•• l ••lwol of lllinp, or "ole out of uiltenee in· w': , :;.;o;wbjl!l'l ~Ill\. ~t~;. :~:'~!/~~:.:':, .~~! :;:l~g n!t. : Ol~:·be if thf l"'of'~1:111~,1:::''~~1 ,;1 i~~ .~::;:,]~::;1.t~;.",~·~::i:;:. ~~~;,~:::::;l:.i ut:e it tnake!l of him n ~o~=~t 1u•,,~:.':~~~:~:;,f~it~·~. ~~~~~:..~: !~:.~~g~~:~~o::t~~~~~~:~~::ds l 'ulitic·~ ill th•· ~.:" •·ul],. uri of 1!1'\till!: awn.1· with tlw ol'liLI{hllllt ~~;~:::;;;,,to::,~~: ~~~ ::~~;~ 10=0~ t~ : r n~~=.• In lbe bandt of wh ll•· th•·' o·nmmon tlw hu],.. doet 1 :~;~~~re~~' o": :e:;o~~= ~.:::~':':!;~ :::~~v.. ;llntd .;~ill:fu~me of ::~ 1;u~~icca;:,:',:.i:~~ ~~:n.c;'e~:;;: !~':,~~~:;'~~~~ ::u~::!~ o7!':1 tlun ~'~lc~0 ~111!/~~;e111anl:f'e~:e~~~~:he~~ f>O 1111"~·d~II~Y f'll!\'llto:l bim, Ood Wtill :~,. ~~; lltaee, lo,- lrle&ll~ of •ky·piloh, he l'au..-d .,neite.. tmeat not r rrate will. :~~,11.,:•:.:-"::tib~dt'he•:.o:;fv '',~'•:_~,'~~ ~ ''""'"'"~;;;; SELFISH N E S .S lhci;-;:,~·,~•,~:~:1" j:!~~r.:~;,ki'~~ Tba Bulfalo ~,,_ t o t b• faeLtbt ia RMbetlerala~numJ,.1 of»oy&vlltlban ..kedthaii'Oilrr t·" perDiiNlaa to urry rrvoh'ortl. Tb,.... &f'fl tbebrf'N. ltao1!"a, a• tlle' lkonu or Amerita, '' a •' oo•·mllilallt . pOl.,,, . ~~~·:~;~~:."',b:~.'l~m~;;iul LAWS AND VOTES ~~~~~~~i~l~:;:·: ~~~~r~·~~~~~~111.~t::~ ~~~~·~~;~::~::~::O~[uj:;~~~\']~dt~l~~ ~~:.~c~~~ yo!.0:a:::t110:oti:l~~0e9e.e;~o o~j~~ ou~;:~:~~~:d:~:::•~litical aetlon, hl•rit Hj[t'. A.Ko•o 'niB • 'Blii.O• • • ;:u~~~~:..~~ ~==~~·0u~;,o.~.: •• it d•illled life JIOIIIble. 1111 hnh·r of Europe." hu,t , nil· tlw CO!It r11.ry. wh11t B•·cl hA icll ill t hl' Mille thiug th11.t we So:eiAii!IUI iu A mc ri•·n hHt.•. Tlmt thiul.:" i,; t 'n p itnlitnn.-thnt gory. greedy, Jm. rnani ty-tlo•\'OIIt'illl{ H<win l •·hno11. which ill •'OU\"o~rtin g our men into erringing lackey!! to the ntl~,;ur rich HnJ our w omen iuto playt.hiflp o f t heir t!t•hflUT•hcr i(•H. ' l:ha rles Etlw11.rd lln~s<'ll tlt'\'t:r 11p0kc truer worJ8 tlum hil splend id t>Jligrl!.m lwrewith quO IN! from tilt: lnteruationl\1 Sociali!it Re\'iflw : " A ny 1111111 who hull LIN•n ah lfl to feel lUI 11deq tiatc hAtred of Cnjoihalillm •·unno l li uol room iu hi11 he11 rl to bate An~·thing tl1c. ' ' f u H fWIIHt'. tho· t;O!i]ll'l of Sm~iH ii11m is the go11p el of h11tred for t his h orr iblt• monlllt·r ; hut nloove ul l th in G"!~. the gospel of SocialiAm i.!l a alfroll~~:"o~~:O'Iff ~::~o~.·~: i:urth~~:~~~~7:o. .,.·be"' ltuy!.cr noa•le bit 1,;s.., tile t•ito wand fat. ud tbere ~~:~~~e.;.tr:;n~~~~~~~S:.It~t~'~k'~n;ro~l7.n~~ti;tl~en~:~,.:r:~1~11 ~::;1j~ . ''~~~~ IHl l'n&blN him to t i l mH tt•riul w;•ll l~eiug. of ucg leet ia.tg to t ake into consideration the j!rt!ltler. highe r. loftier iutere~t.B tlai•kllover, tll • 11m! id,·nls of .50e iety 118 a w hole. But whe n workers join the SociAlists a n d sacrifiee their 11p11re "du,.. np'' 1 1' "1 l ime . their cu.. rgy and their money t o the. ideals of their cl&lil, they Mre ridiculed aa unpraetical 111d t.vol•·ecl qge.oaio~· •lrt-rnuc t!l who. in sh•!HI of advn neing their immediah: personal interests, waste their time in rainNI-'!,.O.Iart.ev.,tleao.f how.cJmsing. . So y ou. nr c rcproae.h~d .for whA~ e~·er yon do or do n ot. By whom f B~· people up by meta pltra'eal •re...,latkla. who !il~o~· lhe tr liiJSclfighiH'~ a!1d td!'aluun hy ltnn~ o n the la~or of the ~~elfiah working p eople, A WORD TO MR. BARNES huplalaaho11"1tt.tlllla-• u:o by thrl\'lllK on other peOple 8 mdu11try, by speeulatm g on t he tgnorunce or t heir fellow men. be a werller 11"itla lllo ,..,..leal 1)"01(~ 11 " '" r,· nA..;UIII illjt. ~[r. Buruc·ll. iu atlfl~SIIilllt fho·so.J r••11111.rklJ to l: = = = = = = == = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =::l l ,;_..:_,.,.;; lud a eapltalill froa 1111 e,..·br•• • you. tllllt. 111< 11 high·Hal nri,,.t ttHilit: o•:tpe r t for theJ'u hlio• Sen·ice Coml'ODIM,Jae'l&11"0r ki•c-tal,pby• llli"-.;ion. II"•· slutll not be fur mtlrAy if we !!late that it is you r DUTY to mn·.~til!:o t •· t lw wro'('k or tlw En~o:lc"' Speeinl on t he lntc rn Kt ional 1 , ~:·:~·~;. ;;:;._ •:;_ ·~::;,::: JemM•••· ......., ;.,,. _.:•• ••• tbilwny 111 l.o.·kport. in ortlt·r to 1\:oc the blanll'. ]li'OitiOte lhe ufety of tlw p ulolit· nud, pro•\' f' llt fut ur+• r~·pt't itionli of such cHiaKtrophes. Comudh ag ... "';,a artraJ body • - piulekiAI 0'rr 11 11 tlttedb b aJaODCtlt••pooU.carrleda-y oa rutlwr tlu111 t o ~"i'' th1• o·ompan,\· ·~~ t r••nHury from dautage-~uit raids m ul tl whi t.•wnNh i111 respon11ibli! oflico'rs. :t, l:::t ,:.... \\",. tuk o• it t 1nt ~·our pOK..~cssian of $ 1 5.000.per.~uutum worth or 1. , _1,.lt al mNb, es:npt tllat wt ~q:~~l: ~i~~~::·.:ttile~• i:b:: ma:ft.e they'd cbange bi• aick· huot~r of thai III!CI.ioa. · ~~r ~:-::pi:;7~ foU)lUior hra04'wi11· not pri'l'~nt your alao hal'ing ordintlry intellige no·e. nor p rr1·cnt ~·our milking ordinary obsen ·atio us. so thst y ou belp open the eyl!l of t he 111 111bjectlon. trea~0 ~11 :.·~~::,:::~· ~~~ will at ]o~.!lt k no w 1111 muc h of th e truth 111 i1 apparent t o the lay ~:;Ill:~ ~= 0~~: ~~::~::1 (;llarh~~~~n~~ : : X :e oat of Comrade F.d SIUIIIj>f II! OH of Br. .ch ~~~~ t':et ~:::.~=·a:~ obKtorl'et . llu ~·ou k n ow the real condition o r the&e cars,-whi'eh ) Jr. Dun· l a p, with lim• irony. t·H il!l " tlw mode rU·IYPe cars"f d;:a Soei1 iitl i1 the paper that U IIIJ' u e wbiailoC the b•t "•eo It c - - to tha>r D o you know it '• eu y to ~~ 'em to ..,b. ia1 that .lilere •u .• Ceatral Commit· jo;r in Lovejoy. llttcll obllpd, willtk 1be Soeialllt . _yo~ tel.! em willt tile lee m~uo,. Cbarlll! t raveled about H i• tba Comrade& lite y001 tlaat Jlut !ord er tbe Earlilh IIIUII!rt (a) That. moat of these cars an auprbere trom 12 W 15 8M1ah11 11 dotng for the work· 100 mil~ lo Jet t ilere, 011ly to lear11 tile joy i t be Cirealatioa Depart· llletl&Uf'fl io order to l('lt 11to yeanold' . cia... ."~t aay u leada:r woo.ld baYe told mtlll of 1114 pape"t. . l11t11 the morder·bu•d of (b) That they are n.cked and rickety from const&nt. hlrd hlm-t hl tllere wera he WedaeedaY' 4 Tbe follo11"iac 11 elipped. uaa.ge, many of them beirl&', like the fa.mo'lll "on..hoa shay," l11 January, to tbat thera Wll a t breeWOK%! F&Q)f JlKTOWJJ tijtll tOt"r1!1ipolldl!llca of the reay t.o fall apart? PLAIN TALES OF THE 'REDS" ::;~ ~neg~:";:, ~b~!~:~d ~~:iJl~'i1";, ·;11ll::~ ;';,hl!e~•~e ~~~J'0:ol:!:~ ~n ~~k~u~,:~ ~:t.•:e;:o~:~~~;0~;:;-; =~ ,.1''"" :;;•::a ;~, !~:::;~. •~•~"'::~~: :!:f:~:~~:.e• .~:. ~:~:/::oa~!~~:: :::!;;•· 011 Co;::: ~::~:e: a~~pell~:ind;;:ry ~o;! :~o::: :~:~~~~ ~:~ :~ t:n~i=ee~ ::;· ,!;~~:; ~~ ~~~n"'llarr~r\: '::::tat:: \\';'~o~~=~~d ~~~:~~:~ !!~::: ;./of~= 111~:.~~~ ~~~~!~::r:;:~i!. ';a~~df~r ~boat ,..,,,.,,,, j;,;:;,,.; whi~c~::: ~l;b. !\~:-:! :::;.~ ~ air-brake {d) 'l'b&t. t.he bret.ldng of an air-hoee on Ooodilig' .V.t., Lockport.. would mean an awt.qt ~ (e) That. t.here il hardl7 a •inel e fOD(, whiRl• or headUgbt. in (ood. wor killg cobdltion on the enUre line? (() That. Tery rey of the "deed m&D's button'•" ·& n ill working condition ? and ~~t tu~~~::~Jo':'~~n are t.akut from~· b&nl "t.railer" •condil.ot.ors un- (h) That are. in IDioi1Y GUll, familiar with rallro&d!Dg"l.nd lmow compan.tive!J Dothi.D.r of tniD arden and li.(D.&ll? . (i) Thai. t.ha of the DLOtonDeD &Dd. ooaduct.on ieo-10 low that. the men are forced t.o eqtrly Mise upon eTery opp.ortllllit.y t.o work overtime in ordar t.o W oU r.n ~f . (J) That on the aJ.rht. of the wnck ai Lookpot1., JUJM~ lllack, upon whom the lD.t.erudOD&l is DOW i:ryiD&' t.o saddle 1.he blame ror ita murderoua Hr"Vioe, bad. 'bee1:l on duty DO leu than 20 houn and 50 minute~? (k) That there il DO de.pakher on duty after 12:30 a.. m . nnW the replar morutna t.nmc besbuf (1) That swit.c.h joillt.a at. all bliDd. ddinp are in nc:h pool' condition that there is utreme d.aqer ill. pullDc t.hem at &D-7 time while running at. a 1peed u~ 1.0 mll•.an boor' (m) '!'bat. the crM~-Gven at the " Paa.Di" junction, Toni; wand a, ud Oliver rtreet, North Tonawanda, an so b&dly t.wil1ed. that. it il neceua.t'f for can t.o dmply c::ra.wl over them. iD order t.o keep On the tn.ck? . war- 1i; ;:r .~:n~~en1~ ::,~• .:~;:::.. bet1!"eea :~~:";~~:. !:~~~ ::;:1: Br1ot~ck::: 11JI. Central Com· t~:k~l ~~~~edl~t;:e ~~e&:.n~: bl:c'Ln;';!~ ~;:~::: ~~~,.s;:;e:oo~.~l:• 1llf! bi1 1t11b to ~~ the Balfal-o The re~~ull i1tbat oot of i5 tbl! p1per tomin,: fro111 Lyt eam iD "oae week, 3S cazoe from Sis. • Wb111 are tb.e otber doiilr ia till1 regard I Wbea a Lyuum til!ket he •irbt w!!IJ &'tt a li•e llewtpapf:r 1ill or a year t or bla tkket1 AI to book tbat be 111ay or m•y oot L,.!::! ~: t~e~~'::. Soda.lilt on WBT IT'8 "liOVIXO TKOKU" "!doTiog Tbomu" bu kept tbe Clr· nlatioa Depa"meat pawing tile air for the Jut f; w 'II'Mk., ud at INt they'•e giveu ap ill detpe..b-. When tbey Mild hil paper to t be Y~> ll. C. A., lie hu j111t ~~to•ed to a roomlnr bou.e, aad wben tiley trail him 10 lh roomlll&" houe, he'• olf for Eatt Aurora or J l.fllet.lo"a or 10111e other platoe. A~d t.b~n~u:.~~~~Ull~~~:i~~n ~FJ.lo= ai oommoD!y call it the "bull pen"? lJ you do not know thet~e things, Mr. Bamtl, ia it not your duty Comr~de :;::O:a,.!::'!it~n~ ::,~ t.o:·t~:o~oo.!ftll~~o= ~:a~tbe t be t:= -::rka Ia IIAe tllape over Jo. ~u~;:,";:;.::: ~!:~-:k.,: ·~:. ;:t~t 11Ja~d Jimtowt~. ~;•0:•tla::"! -::er Fo"bermore, be aetl body to oae tlH! IIAbJ for the Socialill. He bu alreldy onebook, a11di* lf·••y HI!OIIi!.. He al11"a,-. bat a of tile Bnlfa.lO Sodalilt oa 1ilo", and 111!l~·er fail1 to Iaiii! 'e.ID ilil OW II pGJllf. ' 'I'D "LB.\JI"" Dr OLJIAlf. Co~~tradea A. Phllllptt aad P. F. or, if he llu a widowe4 10 to 111M ml(allft IHmt- bome ~~~ eapitalht • • •· bolllb ..... up'"'ed a Naw York fUt.ll1, 11"Mk 1ha pla.ea ••~~. •un., , ...., Th1 laf.,,..te wu ~~~ eome oft.bellr~lll,.,..•t•11"ork· reepoetlble for tlal job. Ia ........pen 4arkly ~~~tai!.­ eoo.p to••oW aortlll&J ill t•e of libt!k11"-tlaat "• (lrl wbo k.Uied ..... a ....b ,.,....,._,k~r It ... ""~J>KIN," or polle.," or. -et.blar elMUar oft11.11al•rl.....i!.o,tbt were l • -• wayre.poui· ::J'.?~~n~ ~·w!:u~!n~to ... to drop Lillo the Balfolo · lo d~po1il a· bai!ch of 111ba. tbat t.be apitaliltl are tbe ha•e .put the "Jee.a" io t be of Oleao. ' ---~ " bell•'"' P1Bitii.D B'UftLEIL l!lllela i~tearneatlathlrl(bt Some of the Coatrai!.ea will lf!t juloua if WI! keep h.arpio;: on way Oordoa Highlay il briiaglag ill JUbti hom t.be BI'LIIeil 8 "diltril!t; oot..,. 10,'' u.id Ba.m, ''bat tbe ·•arder·blllld of thll tODotry u rur,atN,r tla&t Debe ll q.Jte tho E11aJitb Co:zora.clee. , lll&"ll)'at.'' • 11&11"1papenh.ue leara· tiley kaew u " •ll uaoy· tlla .t.art-lhat t.ha Jtrilae atrikarthadab.olutelyoolb· do11"1tbtlleca101!. Itwa1th• of a erazy au 11"ho probably did k.awthat tlaert! 11"11&1trib SOCIALISM IN A NUTSHELL. The leteroatlon1l 8oelall.1thrty b- t" ~k1apu upoa tile owaer of tha 11~tber a loc:al 110r a aatlooal, but , a tloaa.l n.11-1 to .ape tM t o use your eommon sen~~e t o find out Lhat they a r e ABSOLUTE, IN- llied a dee.latatloa of priaeiplea oa Sep. tool• of produttoa, tlte - ru of life, 10tial JII'Oblezo, whldl t111brae" aU zoorderlar mu., 'II'OIDal ui!. CONTROVERTIDLE FACTS, r egardleea what the legal genUemen umber r 8 1864 wldrb !au ton!IK th• fonu the t..ait of .....,.,. killd of eei'l'!· eoootriea Ia wllk b 111oHr• -.ltiY . ez. their, ratO..trap trolJe7 ~~~~t e~h:, ~-~~·!~~n!!; ~~~ll!~e:hi!;!':!!::·w~:! 0~ ;:!~~~!~~-=~ :~ o:e:!~~::!. !t" P·~:u:!-:n;!::=:~;:~ ~::,.!!:.:~;., Jaa&~ ::f.;r•!IZ, 1 keel Gd :n.. praeUeallJ e•ery ao. detbe compsny 'a awag ia a t stake, are they not, Mr. Baruesf elalt.t platfona frv.m that day to~~.. "Tbat, tbere.fore, Ull! ee.oACND!e UDUI· tlo11 of tbe mOift ~~~teal eou.•tri... 11111rdend ~~~~ oa tbe W:..... J•u-pl""'od W e n e not *15.00.a.yea r ex)>ert.l, Air. Barnet., but we were able n wu wrluea b,. Karl llar.x. Tena, tipatloo of t laa "W11rldnr ela• II the "Tbe lf'lt latirutlouJ labor "'.,.. Earl•' IJ*'Ial. Ud dnnU; t"o =:..:.-: !:.;~~b~~t:ll~h0en!.ru\~·eotro'!!dri~e!~~:/~~;:;n:a~gt~{~~~~n! :~.~~e~;..: ; • • ;.~'.,"= .':.t ~~e~.~::~t~~::~ ~=-kill:~::-;: ·~':.b.:-!0: -::::.~~ "tbe witbff~ tPee.··;;_~~:; ~=~!~~ oef~h:n~n~:~o:'~:e~a~e~ittle bow»qe .of wlllt 8ocialC reaJtJ l.~r::t.m~lou wllltb up to =~~~o:!' ::~t~ ~ ; : ta~~ !*c!;.:,.~: i;;:r•::e~!.1tb;~~~ ~!J:re.'r:~!~~~~d~ta~~:r~~5=- ~;: ~:;;::.,~ ~ lh tuc w• !:~~:!.~·o!":. ~....~= ~.:! moo wit))~ to tf!llti., .f U.. .-.dpe.tloo of .~e workilll dul IL il your opportunity t<• ahow the peoJf)e ol Loekport, Bu«alo ~ --pllaW •1 1M -kbc and t.be rett o r the date of New York wbether you are indeed the ltoeU, ~oil. UMo ltnUM for t.w. atnaot of the state or wbether you are a eommittee of one to white• - -ot ..,..,. a atnc' '- __w&!,b 1-.be c:r~~~t~na and to ..Sat them in -~lcbioe their ,tor eta. uol ~~ profit. l'r0ni11ie "b10od and teal'l of a belplHt pubhe. b11t 11111" equl ri.Pta" ~ nak. 1&. it~ to-be up to.,.oa - . " nat tile _ . . ..,..._. "' .-orr pri....,._ Bam•. •• < ' .., oHOat ol tile --.t of aolldarity U. ~ bnoU.. fll JaW ia "flf11aod u4 .,.,.,..... ttl. U. allol • ~ ._. of . .tty be...,_ U. ..tdaf m- of,~ -trial; · , • ·:nat • =: e;=:.:,-;:~ .....,_t ~· color, ueecJ, !Ill" u«-allty. "'-" coarr-e ,...... It u bty of . u t. 4--'1 tM rtpu or a u4 dt1.a. ~ Mly ,,. labaollf, ht lw -~ . . . . _ Wa ntT., lfe t•• ~ -..g.u.. .,~ .. 1... 1111!&" • . au.; • ..._ .-~...._ .· • : t Dkl,..: :W nr.o.w s; ... aoi!. ·- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-02-15 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-02-15 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n037_19130215 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n037 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/98fa7d63f79eb93a8c353ff2f5284730.pdf 9e44d27617d9b90567223faabe594b16 PDF Text Text Permanent Organiution Effe<:ted at Sundar: Evening's Meeting in Franklin Hall; New Worker$' Oub Starts off W dl, with 65 Members Enrolled, and Hopes to Reach 1,000 by May I, When Charter Ooses. �.Each issue Contains two pages of , lively comment by Charles Edward Russell on . things doing and to be done. On the other 32 -· L'ouis Josephson \ /!otbtlltr S•mplt Clolbllfg .......... lftdlkf'. 1'--PI..SICIU "_.c., l 76 . . O~o~Hafo, N. V, The Coming Nation, one year, The Buffalo Socialist, one year, Total OUR COMBINATION OFFER BOTH FOR $J.OO $J.OO $2.00 '11!·1.35. W THE BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHING CO. �The Coming "N~tfon .11 ,..k/9 5«161/•t •6PP11t of f«n, to•-•t 6nd IDttrr•tl•g fiction · iiditcd by A. ~ Simons ~nd Charla ~W.Ir!Ruadl .Each issue contains two pageS of , liydy comment by Charles Edward Russell · on things doing and to be done. On the other 32 The Coming Nation, one year, The Buffalo ~ialist, one year, Total $l.OO $J.OO $2.00 <11!}.35 OUR COMBINATION OFFER BOTH FOR qjJ THE BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHING CO. 52 West Eagle Street BUFFALO, N.Y. Wt 61'f bDund fD clt6n <DUf all DU1 WINTER SUITS AND OVERCOATS �.... . PltAJ&~ T- ,. ~· BoJr.do, !(_ Ywk, ..,_ &M~~ u&Mpo~&c:ec.u llll#ll.a. tr.t SAT VRI>AY. FEBRUARY a, • THE COMMON PEOPLE fu ce~- }'H'I'Ie are the ..talt~,....a.,_'"dltloeotMnwiiCI~,W.Pc.U<I~of ~w\a --.yptort edtr"Mtatlrol!oli~of~q alaad~~~ tloe wodiJ'• _.t, TW:r a r e - ~ IWt ..,_.. on., - : . I &N tn_ a.e.aaOa, uc.-epcia-.J tMr A tM tllO.c w'-i~\ - - . are t.k • -. W au. - o f ttr.e toall br:fare . .a_.~JI"Pie. aiiiUII."Nu~of t ... D loe t lllfded, . ._.,. Bft, riewed fra. U Ntiftly dil:tl'- .... ~ 0 .,.._;. •ark.. ..V:n tllat .a...p of eat poiat of Tic., W diriDoa Of lloe on«' u.- ~ · ;le.,.eloJ•moent of !Wi ll ud Mrit'ty fJNFle quite a 4il:ur;at .. ~rbera of 0.. .-ea rra~JM..l. wbn lul.-11 labor ,.... 1-.L \\""a may iadad. ---r tile N•· '\'et., it ia t. u..- dariq lei 1.roduee 1:10te t.baa t.M labor«r _ , pe.ple tll.woe •Do are oaly i•it.· aenr loot bact.rard t.die &UGDJt:r -.eO to wort. tera i• tleir t.kia~Wo&, dolq ud u- tioa of a tlaiD.~, b11t abclat ~pt.oN by ~~aiDre tw w«-k piri11r. u d &IDODI tloe u - a s- U.O, tllat •• _.., e.,.eryt\lq wi tlll~h·ea fn~~ tile re.t, aad p.. ~~ wlllo oriel..'! Uoq;lllta, • eo ~ la.,eatuare, eiTiliaatioa, 11&'! otbera do .dl Ue wvrt tiou 111td id.eala, tile 1.,110,,,11'- ill tiM bnaty, treed.o. uol lltdt.pe•~ o.e..-... * tk_,_ 1913 ' QENE DEBS- -AN OLD "OFFENDER" '"'""ta The wor k~ r "'b G~>e blood doe:t uot boil witb indignation •t uullido ua aUat k of thot diJJl' rltd.ited Re publican •dminiltration Y. IJ.gto u~ \' . DeLl aud t11e Ap~ l to Heuou, ill indeed a 1100r • wa u. Uri<'lly, an d -''Ofl\' iJ1 eaune to Deba and aaked for ..... y from I he \'ieiu ily o r Le ll\'l"IIWOrth llrilon ~· here b e l:f'l li j ob bt:CI!.U.I;o• he bed hel ped in . eXJ.U.iu g ooudi_tions in bolo• ;~,~~-~~:~:;1c •~.::~ :~1~~:~~~~;::'•~;;,.~0 ~~~~~~ ~:~~~=~~ ~~~ 1 !11, ~~b~~i~.~~eefr;"i~~~~~~~r:~~~a~~ut~•r~:1\~t:,ai~ r~~o:~·,~tim wou ld n 't ht> tht fil'1llt or th e te nth time !hat hf!'l gin!ll t l·ery nickd iu hi~J d oth••lli to 1111 unrortmulte-and h¥1ped him on hia way. TIJ•• r••llu lt hllll !we n thlll th l.' e:I ·I'On\' i<'l hll.!l llipped a wa y rrom th.- ro•mo r~~,. J ;•II• a-rip ,.,r th t' uupityiuiC 11\IIJilcrll who would• drag him illlo) tho• Jinu•. Jil(ht HtuJ !U"I WiJ Jo· Jy' publi.d J tilt> fft el or l1i1 Prt!''iOUJJ ill· u ~ ··r11 tirm thHI il woulol lw impollliihlc for him to l(t. l auoth e r job. .\uol thi11 ill tl w "o· r inu•" of whic h th e o•Hpitali111 papl!n !I a~··· 11 1n· .. r 1111,111 '"'" ,.0 11 ,,,,. fawt ~ in ''"' matt>'r! X(lt m1e. wa ul yo'u t o think th11i llo•loli hnol co mm itt(·t l some IIWful ltll (old tr ick w ith thcfu . Xo·oro•11 1111d huudreJs o f tiltl <'ll tilt.)' tbe . ' ••JIIIOrt of ~ 11 wu vario11a -.1~• of .• et i.,.ity ~ . . .: no-10ft, it , _ ~ il ..W of ~~: ~~::~:~,:~ ::\::; -~.::a'!: 11 ;:~:.::e ::;=.·~ ~';~. '!:;pe~d~;:~ to tloe ~···- 1 .,_,.:..; gett•a~ or P~"~ 11'1 tHir ~· taod ple,tot~capab~~oldarni(UU~Dc\ ynlul.,.e ~tta.iHd by tlle~r o...• uertloa. P• ......~•m wu to do tl!cu owo tk•otiDI, aod ~~:~a11y a of lie til- wllo do udal wott IID.d •-;:: o•~a .... anoo, tllco, amoag mee, • •d tbe wealtlly or rich IUD belo11p te tlae peadeat t llle\:iq, or 1.0 t lloae wile a paruotft became uueommou ~lle .. COGIIIDII people ..-lllo accept Lbcir tftr work eor tblok. PLAIN TALES OF THE "REDS" IIOMGKBL I IIJ'&a.I[Bil&' '.A.ano•. l a:cvoLUTIOJ{AST OLtra Dl' nam. Cl:lmDa trl'. Hyu, 11M! o•tc..rikd ptl~Taber ot T1oe 8~ ' CWb n.teocd to ao oW Eftr ai11ee Bruttll Poor '• b.altcial pulltital pilflt, (D.Jae up fnml Bryu.ite 6pala wbt 1M! tboogt.t about ordt bepo t.D Nor a balaac<e i .~;!~:~~=~· ~~.,;~j~:!.i;t·,l~··~~ h;~\~:H·i~,j~~~~font,clfu~~~ worker..;j;,;;;;,;,;;;di l ;.:;;;::~ Auuduro l Oil juoiJ,Co' . .\!110 th l'Y uc n ·r tell )'QU th a t hrou~ellt t o triKI - in 11pit•• of hill QWU clcnoa Juls. li e t o tr inl J,,.,.KIIK•· 11 juro r · · t ook Kick . ' ' Tha t Willi ar;o. T il•• juror i11 lit il l "' lii<·k. ' ' uo doubt. ...." ' .-.;.,d, ·~of lriod ..... .._.,. .. _ _ lridot:r of 'eiYililed. IOI:iee7. _,.~.;;......Jed... -. ~c.t.~ft.-v. ~J>wb'St.G0.-~. 511c: .a . . . . . ,.,.... ._ .._;.. Ea*-ilu-.ad-ct..-u.J .... 6, ttl!, ...-.. .., ....4. tloe&oo;ollot-. AD-..,..OD_.W._...t _ _ RY. ..... ...._::. .._ 1 ..,-ALO.ft. Y. IIAit'TWI' ........._,_ 8ariaJi.a . . . . . . . ODd--~ tiaaiV'- ........., . . ................... .,....,.,~ PU......,......a.Tin'TIIIi; BUPI'ALO soaAl.lST PUIIlDBlNG <XliiPA!jY Bra~~~~!';'~ =eel~ ==~!~-~~ ~ o~~!' ;.'; ::!:t a:; ';.~ok~~ ::~P;-:~ llony· re<rolutiaoary .,......, tor loUt lwir, .oatter!O&.ita.t• loog while bctwff!ll William D. a~~d 1E ul(~ue \'-. be li,..lly ol..-idrd i11 ta<rW ot \ l'atriek Ti!nllthy ! would toraW. tbe _ , . to n111 t.be Ia· duatriel" uder So6alism aod llmilar pin., ld ll.i.m. 011 tloe ri&bltnct witb tile l'f!'rolutiellary fa~ pd be upecul to joi11 tile ~y alter he bu a111diecl tilt IDOOII briM(room. Steael nino llad 11111 tl"Oab~rbentbeBI...cbWM4rawl•ceo tbe treasury witlll aothi111 but a dddt to draw from. • -'"- - - - _ . ldNa rtwe 111m tlott'f. THE WORKERS' .Ef:!VIRONMENT Tlw 11rwiKI • · n~·ir mwwnt of Hny ~roup or people hA l no in lht· olo•\' o•lopiiHml o r t/u• idNIIfl ltlld prin"lli liug ioleaa or I t C~~~~ : : : , : ac~ll:;rb7:: Wh t'fho•r it Ito• II grOUJl of t/lt' bonrgrQill or II. lfN!Up o r t he OCOINa,;at, l::•••. TIH• o•n pitulii l I'IMII hu lk'~ll IJUick t o not t: I h is ra" t. from ilbe :.~Dd<r~~!~ ~to':,·:: ::;o~'k~.:~~~ ""~j~1~'\,'(~:l i~j~/1 ~ 1 ~~~:~~~t~·~~~ 1 1 1 ~;rrr~~di~r (.'om:=~~·:;:a::;:p:''Q.II be :i"~:!l'f!";!.. wi~~tc!:;f-.~~.! will be tbe buiftlt <'OI!IIIIittee in lti tbe il!'e i11 1umlllflr aad nw111 " l'rm·id •·• l " hy tlw ri c h for th e workiug c\axg thi• •JlriDI aDd •ommtr. i('f! ill •IDler. rupt - f r ruu tho• wurkinK t•IIISH lltlltttlpoint.- in' that i t Q r•·•·Jmeil ll th•· workf'rN to o•l"il condition s. inst<'Hd of into R rt' l'r'llutiOII Hr\' Htlituolo· nnd K ,J,·to•rllliiiHtiou to 1-'nr o·XHIII J' I••. ~1' 1' 1111\"o• tho· Y. ~(. C. A .. flnl!.necd l1y th•· t· ~pro•IIH purpo;so· of dcl' t•lof'i.JI~ thf' h u mble a ltitude 11 wo•·k••hl Tllrou~ho!llt the J'OU JIIry, lh ll Y . .\1. 1'. ,\ .ill the IT•I•i.,• I P'"'•'" pDOr p ,:: bi.c ~~~~ bi'D& CIIOII to-. "a"Jbolb" Ill wbo bcli.,.n lo csaet ud riali•,• ............al the j111tio:e tor tloe - t u ... u .. for llnllll· Con·ed. WAR CAUSES U f~ {; :~\J:!: :;:?;: ;): ;J;:~ /;i;: :~ i~;: :~ ;:.0:i ~;~)t};~ f.\~: ,:~ : ~: , I: :ft~;·~ f.:"~ [~;:. ~;,~ ~ f~ j ~!;:%ijJ.~·,;:~ ~;: : :•;,"':," .'·l ·•~e~· •• uln d nutiu11 111 ~enhJ,.•ry 11nd olt•twmlo•lltt• upm1 tiH' 111111!1<·r~ for uleHII rook \ 0~,~~:,·. ~=~"";, ~~ •o:•;o~~;t"uD~;;' :•:;,•••:::~ ~~·.. :c·~-:h:udb~•·:•• ·•i•oo.,•• l •••~••• (~t~~~~~~~f~~}t¥11l~~¥~~~·~1Itffi¥~~!~~~~t, ~·~.~~:~:. in . :t ltd trnin•·•l th•• I"IHI!h uf th •· I" no\ to loQk upo n t lw llhO p· kf'<' piug '"'' 0 ~ Tookt~·· T"7~~~it~~~ da,.. of 10 the f ront . Th~n famo hH "'11"1 for· l>f'tlcr t reatmii!Dt. So! !Itt I he lt.t.llu n ""'' ... d~l l'•opert:o- a~~:e fll r l hemoeh·u. ~t f reullc-lf alii"!', · 11·1 h i ~ J• ll1 ~~ .... tlu•ir " \" illlii l11', thf'• .:\':;~, 1\~;;,~J~~k::~~;;;~:1 "to~~~·; ,;~~R~i';1. 1 ~1 ~~~(:::~1:1:1t:~~~~:~,:,:.~~.~:~·~~!::;~ :~ot1~t~;a!';:!i~:tr:'Gotb ron:~:;~ ~~ =~Kc~~~i:':.~;~~:~/~i·,:~••l'':::t:lt·;,:;l:l:;~~r~hlto'lo~~-~·r:;:~~:~~:f1 ~·('11i1 ~~~~~~~~1)~\~! ~:~.;~~e ';~:~~~i~~~., world . ... many nttlt, - Tb r nm" ... pitali~t rlus that First ilnu.l ,l"o"l\11" o•o)l')' uf tlw BuiTKiu :->•winllst to 80mt'OJW, TIH•n ahhorct •·ioleucr, nholl.,-, and all tb e u~>k loin! tu , ,],~o · r i l 10 • hooril>l~ th in)!• tb t lhe .. llrllill!: <"IR• io rreditl'olwitb whtt ll il io 6,~:lllio' for Tho· wu rkiut: o·III:UI h1111 uo " fricnli11'' ou wlwm· it cu n r ely for on utn .'""f of hrttaol, ue•·"r hcaitate il !l t'llltl lll' iJ' II l iun . I t IIIIJSI Sll\'t' itsdf. to rob, toll and pill•ge ~I'C' r~·thillg ud Ul t~m~: ~&II~ go I<> h~ll ~:ld ',a,::;:: •t:d ':'.:...~~~e~ :.:!'e~f t:el~~tbht~ ~;;"':~~: t1bb:,.•:::;• amol!g tlltmH'h·n., war will 11op. m.. rabrr. l.be l.it; fellor1 l'le1'0'.r war : take aote of tbt. They 1t•y home, ud hire a ouiKt ltu le. nil thf! other frllow wllulol l<jur&llit.. • pig it a th C'III. Hta~em ber, il don 11111 Re- ' I«<WI tat oa lllo blOOtl. ~ =~:~··~~::..~~:; !;:".~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-02-08 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-02-08 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n036_19130208 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n036 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f683cc04c4c49d0488302aac0aeee38a.pdf df196a6c5bcf4cc5298560b2ad239c56 PDF Text Text l f ul~ .workiAg ~pi~ would. ~pport t.beir OWJt .,.pen u liberally and faithfully a.~ ti>l'Y sup. port t he preu of their muters, ·, ·hat a ~~w~r the labor prelt. would be! Bizt the prL~ of a 11ocial il &JW&fl the Up~OD of lh~ infd)et"tifal eonditiOD O[ t hat r.ilt.• ~! self, Of ita inAight, 'ita aolidarity, ita dau cona~ifl•liClleNt. · · II our working people understood their material &Dd intellectual intueau they would not any Jonger·aeeept the intellectual food olfered them by the eapital~rea_ for this fOod is aduherated. It is prepared for the purpose of .tifl.ing the llelf. respeet and the aelf-relianee of the worke111, for the pnrpoee of stimulating the ilave rirtuu of submiiiiJion, self-humiliation, aelf-distruat, I:riug, e1a... ereepinl( and bliodly obeying. ,.. If would ll('eiD almoat ineonceinble that intelligent worke111 ahouJ(l neglect their own prua aud .aupport paJ~rs that tell them daily that it ia their duty u Jaw-abiding and ordt•r-lo\·ing eitiU!nl to be llltilfied with what th@ir mnsters ~.fit to gh·e them, and that it is their de:!~tiny to be ~ervaot11 and hireling• (ore,·er. .. Of coune: the read ing of the C&JJitalist pre53 hu thia .,._o nderhtl ad\·ant.age : It do~ 1101 require a ny thinking. while the Sociali'lt prca dcma!lds thinking read era, for ita object is to help th~ Buffalo'• Daily Papers Placed oil Deferuive Lack of lnltiatlve - Walted for McDougal St.m Fight - Wilt Soon be Forgotten. •• ~:u:dv~:. ::u~~:'ro~~!b:1 ~tr~; I~b;:o•:~~~~~.·:et;..~=~ •.::r~~~ _,.,,e to.. .-ome to be th jok• of zbe 1..., wh.-r.. fro111 tenor 10 ••K people 1 .n Up to tbe time Mr Mcl>oupl ~lll<!rlllll' mu•l o<ol\ce tbl! delay Ill " " ' • telle r to th., daolf P•l"'"' uli lf'tltng h r.-• bul , •• we ba• e 00, ,., t bem mook,..,d 11p ~ounge ~lor~. the u me ro.~ld be ma<le •• 11 ae-lo to ~· rf pr~nt uf • ~:dSS: !~l'~:e~:,~i~h~~~e~~~!· 1~o ~~~~k:11 t~b:i'~!~~e:i~;~i~~e~;itrellt~e .~,~~~1ia:! ~~e~~zrh:;:c~~l 1 ~i~~~; achit••·ementJI. demands as Wt'll 811 their The labor DIO~ement 1!1 growmg the cl&.\~-eODIIC.IOU&netll ot tlz~ " orkmg milhOII!I 1!1 lfl'OWlJif: nnd the effieJell<:) o( the labor preu Ill gro•nng 111 propor110n to the mRtenal tmd moral IIUJIJlOrt it is reeei\'ing frOm worken1. the •en· ."•;..,,, ,~';:;: l '==========;=:;::=====;::=;========== i It, the uleoce the 11..- nu trl!.rr of l•a..t nlj:ftl -- oo Uno 111bjeet " u llle featara •notr•<l of tr.-onK to .-arr> ,..~::.'1t~!t::.. of tb.- daillu ban 11 COUillclliDm Also Approve of Paying Contractors for Work Done Contrary to State Provision- " Friendo of Labor" Play Old Game on Poor Old Working Class - Labor's Friends on Election Day Only. ~::.:.n~~~~ro <In Olle t ar u on ''"•IIIIIIIIJ; ~~~~~~ Another utr•rt from tbe l nlet o&· �.... . II.ICJ:I I'TB . , ~··"·· ~ ..... . .... .. .. . ~: ;:;;;::::·r..: .::~.~~:: ~ . .. :: hJo!ltllr =~~~~u.:-=~· &he:---.., $55.00 Outfit No.4 ::':.•kDdor=:O.~::.:::::-::=.:ut::~~; Tat•l ,, . lhlu r• • • ~ ... d :>r:ow, frllow -~ ::!s-:,-:s~ ~~·;,-::: T-- . . . . .·'· . ·-bai•lar, Outfit No. 3 ..... ::· ~:: ;~·~"~ ""Orll et, t=·~U:!':La~::!:"~~r:~~J!•• bartal peru~t., ODIIIplet.t IIIU'e -.od aUeodatiOe, Total OOIC , . hvtal•oh Ill' $6().00 · t GU~U: allll.fl roodltarulllhed aDd the MfricM reod•l'tld to be far 1\lperilll' co._., tuollbed b7 uy otbu 11111hrUii::• la &tl'alo far &be t:a: Ol'blcaol ptiCM lhe7 wtll cbul•· ~ ~Pbl;loeiZSI Bei!PbODe,OdOf'd.l . E. WEDEKiNDT UNDERTAKI!R AND FUNERAL. DIRI!CTOR No. o WAJ,DBN A VBNUB Under NeW' Man..-~ent: 215 Oenta ~ -Our 818 Noon Dinner -- 215 Oenta · The Cozy " Kaiserbof" Peter Klippel Buement Kutual Lu. Bld&· and they 1:1re euta !o eon.teJJU1iate. •bar ur CALEDONIA. N. Y. ] """' 11 1aol udin;:• nnd thi• .i~ tur~ vote ~~r;:;~~ Rooae\•elt'll combinet.l \'Ole . TBI:Y WAIT1NO FOB1 I fu~~~;~tk ~:~·~~·:lt l;.~••· ra~:~:Lh to:·b ~l.~l~:·;;,:::~·m:.~,::•~= ,!:;~::; .,,·".~·~:. 1"'1 :·;:· :il~;~m:,~,·::.~;. tb:f;,~ri:: I indu~t•.•·. an• l t b~ IFra,.~lou f•u t tlun•ni.hh•.: I"'"·· ••• lh ll 1,..0 yraro n.::o. You .,.; Rll ~u 7~,~ leu than the The l:ro~li~i-tio nilllll ~Oiled 4~,565 .'·ot~ lewi lluu> ·th"• ·ihd";;n iJ~~a~:C:~~:~e~\~?4'~,~:h:e~t~ 11 ~~~~~turn.~ ._::c::c~..~ ·: ·"··•· • : ota\1 ''f' c II trifle lughc r. but the cnemy 11 1 I figures are ;;,:~·~•::::,::!~::::·.:.:;~l:~i: 1~t~:t,l~: :::::~0: ~ :::£~:·~~S.':i~~:~··:>::::~~":~~o:.: lllllt 1em. ~r I'"""~' ;~ aruu~:- j CONDITION Of "'or~! r:d~nlllln "'"'1~•." h~lol j IN THE BALKANS •"Y '"'' b"'l: i ' "~~,::• ::,:,:::;:; ~~~:~.::· Tl~:~~·:-; ."'ill DURING THE '"''ft !··:·: ····••••• wmkuo~ du~ •e~~ tb~ j rooma t ! or•·•·• h•hor fur a li •:rhloOO<I rOIIJUIIrtlu n "·l! b \Jtqnrh !i.-.· ll~ t·m ...•IH•> far•• I ~ farr •lib t• o 11111 B t•"~~ .,f tla nr o•• a 11 ol ~ar o l pa r ti!'"l o_f t hr of 111> \.of' at f' rnnklill hall e•·e ry Sa t· t onw •. ' " of tbr o•ont J'<' II·I urdn .•· e~e nin,;:: . T ft,. .r ,.,•lln" !•ian• ahca•t. j ,,,,.,,r tw ed unlllth,.~· a r .-forrll<l l ~> it. lo e fun. f ue nu d mun 1 Yuu nrr i n•·i t..d . Yuu rt"T i r ntloartin•·it ~d. j ......., ED.traD.oe em Pearl Street · They are taken from a capitalistic 80Uree-The Wprld Aln"" '"- 1"' 111\41 are as followa: Woodrow -:·wi lson h ceh-ed 11 5;650 votes less t han Bryan ceivcd in ] 908. · . o'l.:aeo iu tio na. J . E. I'.~RS0:-;"8. Ull~ Willo-w. Nia ga ra t'a ll o. WUAT AlU! , •m Bll!l'alo .,.,tor a11s:.:-:; 1: : !:re!:=:a.~'* u~~ t'adodSoah . S. · BR.ODY ..... 11r..~.....,......... Olprs, Olprettee and .Ru••lan Teas Bell P~, 8o-nt 11t--J. Yroeldet lUCN ' 28Q William .St.roMt., Cor. PN.u, - Butralo, N.Y . INSURANCE . E. W • .JOHNSTON· an ti faMo r ito for I'JHJ: TEA.!\ KLII:V£.TOR arLY WH.SEL PLATE OU..S5 BTU» BOI L.ER =&l}'&lld I.ACXAWANNA - l{£:[~ff~~~~~;~l~~J~i~~~~" '1~f.~~r " " '" ' ' '" ' "''" • .,;, ol ,.,, . . } " .. I "" •hoiuioo •ill I• ;::~ ;t:'i~ .:~.;:r}r:~::~:;:;~:~;.~~ - " '"""· ''' by " ' ""· ;~a(:i. ~~::·~: ~~etbr ---- A"'·,, '"""· "''" ... ,.•,.,,, '" "'" WORKINGMEN'S CWB • lnforomuo un an•l ta uJ.: ht th a t tlo\1 lrlfll· 7t ::::~~~~~~lhi~·~. ~~~~:0 ,; :: •h•:t Ag,..., ·• vol. 1, l•jrfl lll~. fir eat tbio mn Ru11rl, bnt ant to be ..onoi<lue..l u a n im portan t fu tur, a1 t"hc noajorit~· that huy ki• bouh n••·er "-"''' t hem. ,\ad 1100 n~r or ll\l•r t bry wi ll l>f' con~uln<'<l It> a lit eral lltt'. Ot courw, ,..., muot a1lmlt that hi• an ti·htll d OJ'<' muot L• a Rou rce of CO lO B. SERNOFFSKY .101 fllllll•• .,,_, Leuerlnr Jho>HI an• l nonr of ~·our ... ilol. i rra · To the Bulga r ian 'lrut t n·e for a ll work en and l"'fD tb't lot ot proYidlag f or the worlunr.n alld women. and Bet en 100.or Ma)' 1. 8tart Whh Xora. OharWr 8tD.l Opa~~.. -- That t he neW" Work lngmea.'t Social wit.b a ft oop ,....,. fully · "tabiitbed '""II tbe Jollot Al•]•lica tioa !llank• bf'pn to com e in to SM: ret.ar.- Cattell Jut S.tu rd.ay. Tbrre .,., abu~ t ro Joint A1,1,untion lllan k1 ('! 11 L will go f o,..ard ;~~~~~::Q=~ll~c~;~~ :;:·r Tbf' Organiutio tt mretia'g ro:~;g ;:i:~e:!:.,: c;,::;~':.:: !~!: ~u::~d~o; d:;~: =~:~e rei)'O oden ee, f N!lj: rtt •·err mucb that I am unab le to pre~en t my f oreign nm rad et a Ye ry dear pictu"' of the JM)Iition he re. I eannot giYe all tbe t~u a~d realit i~ Uf'Ceuary to tlhil et~d. ~or ran I uoform lhtm of I be 11robable ronllll!q t,.• nte.'l , a1 a lfe.: t ilag the tlght ing I"OI<>t ar iat. the war ...m bring about. t he workera and tbei r familiu U.de.cribable. .Their lot t. <!Ytr a.ad 1- bearable, on tbe one hand t.he utraMdin.arr lntreaM In tbt ot P'fVI..iODI, and om tbe other through the approadt of tbe wlatrr. W"a~n g~~:n30f1:r 0/~~:~i~ ~·:~~~~~ l1IE SECUW CLUB Jbowed will be the armr.d forcf't throughout tbe land, . . ~: Bel!, Bow. HIJllfUIIIJJt..., . W"' lu•r, ''"" 't tlu11k th at ,..,. un all prorided tb•~· ba•·e ~ the illitlatioll Wr my ~ nd had ncot o.n tbe i•ue of th e ~\udy of modttn th~ught ...., 1narry 1h~ ~ nopl.,~· r ... •' "" " ht•r or be r~.-. l'e nuacoea t collin',. ,..ill be ele-et.ed o rd ~ r C'O mf'lf' led the 1r ~ 6th year, 11'e re 1a tb~ general partie •r-t!on of t he 111bje-e~ llaJ'I"'" on ~nl hfr. \'ut~ t b,. ~iall•t f~rcroo b v ~Ia.- l . • At the lint mfllltillll f' nli1ted, similar pro .. iaioa. were made decided to f'Utflilatt ti~ lr~t ,,.,,] h~li• ··~tabll~b ;o-011 r o•n t h• co~lli t uiiop aod b•·law• will be for t bo~~e. w bo ... ere un tler obligation to ?f the nu~alo.Sod.al iat f oro lll>,.rty a<lo:~ J•t~• l aa d a eom.m itl~ elet:t.ed 10 in- 1erve iu 11114 1 to hfl tummon ed before on I be 3d d oltro cl of th e 19th C. D. B. •·eatiJ,.. te tb r. matte r of N!C ur in g tuit · t be attflllatioa ron~mlll eet a.nd aUnt· ad••e nlain r fo r tbe a bl"' room• tor t be dub'o hudquart ilra.. ~ f or MtYj..,.,. llae~cmiaas lh las in Courw . . If tbe remal ulng J oin t .AI'I'Iieation Bg\garia. w~re compelled. to Htve i c ro~mn o\f' II Y"ner Bl aak. obuw .,. .Jar&~ a u:uub<IJ of t lwl lla""'o••a• Vol unteer CofJ!". 011\y BILVEB OllllEK. N. Y. A •lwtt tlno• "!:" &f filih"rt Cr""k d...-itlrd t u lo..- r. ll n uamn u t h - alrtad~· t urn ed io , t he thO;M. who bad oot r uched the ~p of uh i111: mola r nttaf t.-•1. •ad tbrt11hy nott~~be,..blp enrollt'd bT Sunday •honld 15, W"ere fTf!ll! !rom compul.or:r nulltary banJ:"I' a tall'. bel o.- rr and 1 ~ will be aa ..a•y .erc-icf'. _To the tlder men feU tloe duty .,..u 100, _ _ t1o~~ ~:o~;t·..:!'~:C:t<~;·:~. e;;~;1~;~ =~~~~: ::ei:~':~~ ~~::u:umber to 1,000 ;!e=~~n~~~:=n~;.:~r~:n~~~n~: locS:t~~~n:..:a:;':'ee~ .... a nd brint: t old to t urn oa t br ~.. ~. L••o.- • • tbe Cifo o_ !, ·-······ •••• I h Emrloy...- at the po.t oiBct, telegraph :::::::~~i:;:~:::;;,;.~~;:·:::: ~~:~:~~::::~:: £':::~:~~: ::?. ~)£t·~2:~:.~~~::::::. ~.::?~::_;.::.,:·. . rf'Voh·e hf J)IC!f Uiated fully ., 10 tbe t ae a.uh DI ~n 8Ynday flTea\~, .......: ;.:r:-;!•·:. llatl!d for Mniee, 10 a• to canro tbeh- ~cualocatiDnllta. !llo o!it~:~~~rtl~~ith.,.~i~ :~=:';:~~:~ 110~ 0::.end to.-". ;f~~.~: urril!d 011 d~trit~c t\e thne :.a.a:~":tw:: .,n od. 1~:!';'•_ · - · 1:;:::., la• t ~1;.,,. , of i ntelli(f'n"' br d"'"ld..-d • t hai hr~ wu -eUoillll" SoclaHo m A 0010"-.:IOJf. ,..,.w Blli imJoroYe. Afl.,6r t bt &,.Wor b .A J>ro&ebflr &Mared SilO baDII:en at a ~-M"<I 1141 htsa.n 111 d~ It wu in buquet . recut.ly bald i n Ncw l •orlt tht ! be ~teat ot tlioe u.m.- lp 1111d W" itb if tb.-n- 11 a meney tn1Jt i t ;. Ia Ill• , luqorn1f aut:r IM'fon~ d reamed &f bf' han<h of tbe plou. Wbu a tGD fH....._. ••JoOIIndinc SodaJi.,.1 t.o a wal• •ion! Wbe'd a thoqht lt f alan•. 1a J.,.. !ban three ' 111io.at.l"• bf' • a..d ..,1d• rlear t•t' So.-Wi•t plliloeepb;o8odali1t1 are 1tuduU of ltt.tory, iD l u. n l ifiiJ, ~:'"····'' deaf'_rlbed tbr l~onomiu llld eiTiu a lit!. _abnda.et!J" . Sor i•h~l ""•'""" ud .,...~ ~ ..• rk>tW..cllt. a blr to d.al eo,..t raetil""ely "W"it• pr9b• ·att u... ~si•l&iaillf '"• to •'11te tM WmJ o f l'""t'rlllllt'at. , • . TIID mrau ot prodnctioa and all en- doae well to arm terprt.. wert, after t.he lint fe~ da~ of tbe mobllatlon badly aft"ec tN a.nd q•ietl!d doW"L ETerytloinJ wu J1N,.arN for U.e a11111 enlo•l,e l)', All t.aiJotll, alaoemaku., ,tolaen.. and hlac'Jt. . .itb:e wbo llad not beeo caUed to tlle colon, .. d aiM wor•·WOIIlLD were oblipd to labor la tlle ~~PI ot !be .l' n • r yo'"!. eo-·-~· .!tlo.ont 1._,..,..,~., J"Meivh.c 0 • 1J' tbeu- keep. Ia llrlo\d.l.l'u.&t ..... ~ •~blt!i. 'a Anty eopy of lut ~'• Blll"alo T"l!a tcho1 qnttti oa tti.U Aldetll'l&.ll aDd Coa.cllaeD 111 • •d will u ... · for a eoulden.hl• hom pr-•t lndleatM-11& T11e1 an adepb In tbe art not to do iL But h'• bow. Yoa. eu "t bla!H ....... really•. :W:OIIt of U.e• a .. a:ate pool - . - t tbelt ~ • - l!....,..- '"*7 '-ripdoa WBOJ.BSAJ.B C AKJ)IBB d flna l. J•t ll"j> ketlc •·loiouo ahou t thr r lau br hl in ~·ra uklin Hall on Sundlv e>'en- a nd on th e 19th of Oc tobeT, ..-ar or-e raAo illh!rel l.ool! -1011 of t1r UJlj:lo> i~ ~oing tu lt op it . in ~:, Ffllo. 2 an d all of tbo!IC! wb o h..-e t ioM 11"tff' rom nll!n ~td aplual the ..... beld 8o11day afte nooon, ~oor I oran l l u u:o- ia ~onthuio 11, ~lr. li ~n tol the 'r oll .,.;u br allowed 10 1.-otr, Tonka. All W"bO bad ... rve'd ill tbfl tbe enth uAum ot t!ie ::~::. ":o!~,;'::l~ ;i: ~~,.;'1~~\::;;·~~~! a; 0 1 !~ :=~~.~~i::\;0 :a1~:0 t:~: :·~~ :.::b:e.c:':~ed ~~! t;1r::~: .;:~: ~; Ill diH-io g It..,.., ri QUeen GUy candy eo. A.Jzt• \0 l:DroU 0~ ~ llam.btn hertu;onder: p rop~rt , ::~:~!,•:rli~~~~:11 , \", ~~:~~ ~~~~:;~;~'"~~: • hr.-liB I WOIK IIIII b.f'd. ~yotcmatk J•bn nf rohl>f'TY or <'ll • plul tation i1 a J,tra t11l thio" f or him. TUill t hat hf' ..-otl ' "' re• a r.lrol \,..~·o nd the ,:n•·r. llut tho• ~ lujzy •ill "':0"" li nd out th11. t th!'" 1ort talk from tlte pul1 •i t an.l t hf' ~ol.l f' lanomy han •lohnkf'• are not ~: oi nJ: t u 11.-rt> i•·• th ,..orkt rl mueb l nn ~:r r . >h . . ••.• !titod•. �·. t ,=;< . . j.' ·Eugen·e:.V. Debs ·W~ -~ at ~ h'ame in Tme Haute, Ind. last Fiiday and ~ now out on bail . His arrCst~·was in conn¢ion with the ~~~~~, . . ing in the Federal prispn . at Fort Lcavenwerth." · The trial Will be the greatest in the annals of the judicial history of ,the United.States. ·. E• ..,.,. v. Dd. KEEP POSTED The Butr'alo Socialist, the premier &olallst weekly of the East and the Appeal to Reason ' will contain all the news. The Buffalo Socialist, one year, The Ap~ Reason, 40 weeks, $J.OO To~ ~ - $1.25 - .25 SPECIAL OFFER · Jllrfietter·:Bettung. ~~1 1! <>uly German ue~'apaper lr. the ltate ou!.thle uf N,,,.. Yurk l:h y, n ·1ortt· ot•ulln¥tl• l!' iute reitof tbto Wor lr.lng,(llaa•.-:.O'-"U'-' f ur3luuu•l"' . �Some PtlliL!$HaD WB.UL't' BY TMII) " BUFFALO SOCAUST PUBUSHING OOMPANY ,._,;...,.] ~ 5l 1Y.Lp:Stn.t,WO.C. ....._Tbt K&ISI.O, ........... ..,., HaNil~~-~Wllo« BUPFALO,N. Y. PR.Unt DIR~ T - W. P. CABV:.,~t('V. ~PrbSI.OO,_.,_,SCkebmoab,piy.W.IIl.S.UC» . Entered u MIOOI:Id -cl... m•Uer JIUie 5, 11112, at the poi.t omc:e Bdalar.-New York, tll1der 'be Ad ot Mueh 8, 18'19 SATURDAY, FEBRUARY I, 1913 •* ~f QUr pod frie1J1!:1 are wutins 10 muett of ~uable time ud tow:~~ IY~1 :~:~o~~~~~;;~~=~th~t:a1'e ~~:ctiti!~"~r~o~~r !:d ~iFe-:r:k~ ~=J crimiWlls and ·ct.u.e women to fall.' • ' · . , Improve the poeral eonditiOllll of the workiog people, aboliab th,e wbol.e _,.bbery and· deception, b r~nr to an ead tbe iodunrial manslaughter roinr on at ·a fearfbl R ttt -wherner .wealth i. ~== ::::i~~:.b::lf~~!-~=~=:~!:!! :dd:~~~~!~t!~~~ ;::.oo:. ~ lift of the fallen. . . , Lou cannot uplift the fallen and aave the outeut, who it a.couatomed to be at war with ~ Qjety,.ao devote your time aud ~nergy and iympatby to bring about 10e.ial conditions . which will pre\•ent tho1e \vho stalld from (!oiling. · · '\" .. 111. ...-~--~"!"'..ii!'i-----II ---11 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-02-01 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-02-01 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n035_19130201 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n035 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7a9379db5d1e9b8e158f17e852685d46.pdf fedebe4eb6fe11d835a0e96d6d5bf0e2 PDF Text Text Vol.l-No. 34 , IlK· TRUSl:DOUBLES ITS t40NEY EVERY YEAR Price Two Carts BUFFALO ·SOCIAUST HAS ONE tONYERJ -10 LIMfflNG . NUMB-ER Of PASSENGERS �E. WEDEKINDT UNDERTAIC!R AND J'UNI!ItAL DIRECTOR No.~ WiLDHN A VBNUB Under New ~men~ . 211 O<inta --Our Bls Noon Dinner-- 2lJ O.nts Cozy "i(aiserhof' Peter Klippel l r!l 1.-. pl~~· ·• · Uno• uf th.o whio•h hl' lp• ttd·l ''"'1-IIILilit!, I : . Elltrano. Oil PMrl Btreet nriuollo•inthe. niJ•·~o:••<i•li.....,,·,.r:wo mclho•l .,f burial h~· n • •I :M o•tho~li • t "'''"'''''ito O hio, an•l ' '"' ~':t.liR th ~ pro~notorR of ""''rat hu•louu J'' "''" '"' n UM'<I no::re~llli'lll• ~b.', to"';;,':"'":~:~~.: •;~·,';: ~~.:~·,•::;.~ "••~ r.rt nlh ht•n nth••~•\ Conon<illl'f' ln lilt:!. ' mPn In Ill Ot •l<'r that PrOPii l ndl. \t , , , " ' thew om\!<'<' Amooa: Fatmei'L ""'llllJol o f che th~ r•rohl~m of ~tate /<'l~h•nJ.: er ut ne Commlltte eoopenlt' with tbe , t1u nlu nl'l hu t;om loca l 8 10 the end that liter a t u re be d 11 th r lt<b uted at th e fOU l!!\ fturs held In the tmpul~e~~ ~o j!Oioll: on uo~ wea re tbe vi••• o t lar•r l hl' members OD t he aobjHt, of 1111111 la\e be,o aup r>lant- othu pototl 'll'lil ll'.b will bf. ,...,d for d!KUNIOII on the 1 ~:01de!:=·~~~o~~ug:::- ?,u-•0 ~:::::. :~";::~:.~.: . ~b:J•~t~:: :~tuh.,\:':.;:;:u~~: ••;;:~:~rta~f.~hl' ,: ;at•fne Count•, ~·:ft~:~!ur:~ned..:}!~1!0; ~~:nf!:'tj;.r'f~ ,., .. 10 a nnl th~ lth a<a n<,.'lml('-u brous.:ht hefore tilt- ~ommliiH! tbe re 1number. or IIIIIUe11c~ h wu f ooad10d Ye!t ~,_nt, about ZO membe r. eu laton~JolntApJ•lu:atlonbla l :o ,b.:;.~::: .~ -------------------FIIlE TEAM" ELKVA.TOR VL\' WHB£1. LACKAWANNA ,, Meadow L.t.oc PLATE GLASS BTEAll BOIU ~:t:·" r.ud Great·Sacrifice Sale AT l ·SLO:TKIN &CO'S. a.oAIIIID IIIJOY STill 408 Wil-LIAM ST.RBBT R%T DOOB TO PLAU l'!I&AmB . EVERYTHING •QOEB BELOW 008T �WHAT FOR? Capttalbts want wars. Politicians deolare wars. · Pre:achers pray for victories In wars. WORKINQMEN flaht the wars. If the masters want blood let them cut their own throats. Let those who want "great vlctortes" go to the firing line and get them If war fs good enough to pray for, It Is good enough to J.R to - up close where sfe% . fla~~es, bones sna p ~nd blood spurts. They say: 11 War Is Hell" Well, then, lel those who want hell. go 'to he ll . . WAR- WHAT FOR? It • h•ndtonu!, ..-old -'•m red , high p:r•de,clnth -bo und,d ouble - b•cked bou lr, prtnu:d ' !n f'Uy, open typt'!on hlghqualllyi>• J~r. l:ldlnches lniiKe. Th e boulr. Nntaln~ ; (J,'J.e paget ; til r:h~piNI: 231uten-e]y l nte~ t l nl('f111l · l'"¥1!)lleture. LI3JIO"'I! rfulhalf:tone.) Retail ,price $1.20 OUR SEII·ANNUAL CLEARAfiC[ SALE 18 STILL 80118 01 · If you have not attended our Clearance Sales you don't know what rear bar· gains are . Do It now ,for you can buy $~SO:~~tand ?v;r: $975 $l8!~~::d . Sfl75. $l:a~ugv~~~:;~t. $14 75 All Uzdoa Jlade ; THE !NT£RPIISE OLO'l'1IIERs 891-8 een..- St- anil !300 Jeffe·n ton �., ~ - ·: • !UPI"ALO,N.~ ,..., A..Wo- 1 52 Y . Lp-Sb.l.lnU- :-!~~-~~· -::~ BUFP'ALO.-N.~. Eul«'fldu - a d·el. . taa&Ur- J1LIMI 6; 11112, a~tbe pon ollce •' Bdalo, Ne• 'l:'ork, UZlder_t.be A.ct of Jlarda'l, 18'18. SATURDAY, JANUARY 2S. J9J3 Tho• Frt:nl"h ~lwe rrnnenf ill all or a · flu tter beCAUit' ..·h" ~::.::~:·.:·{'::,: ~"~:.;~.~~:::,~:~.:~:t~~',~:~~:·: k-e li ng. A arLUIOB FACE. ('omu4d:o tlw m.m•!f·r.: ~~~out IUhi gd ~ loo·m :-lltJtl 1,'·1 l!nlrioti!!m hl!' d11m11~1. • Eu~l::::·1 ~:,:'.'!' /:1:.0 l~~~~~i': :::I!\::,~.~~~~~J'~:~ ~~!::;;;:,•: 1:~:.~· 11 fl~l;l,:~t:~:~11 ~;::! turned l of w.nr.-•1'11h · 1 :·.~",';;~t';,'n~~:~P~',:\~'\rl1t1 ;;11:~;·~~o~~~l~i•~! t}ll' lllii~ S •'fl roa.Ed ~::u:ecc:.~~a,.ofg:~~::..:~ u .. ~ot rr:rnl~~·!~ ;;:~ebc~~~!~:: ~: l 'ut!tr::>dt'S :.~ .... J~o:i~on u~gi:.:t:e:::: ~=: 11 :: 11 :.:l~b::biu~•:-::;l:•:;e~a=a~;~a~ Z~'lt';ia~.:~ ~ : :e:l:tli.;;: ..:·e,• a gret'llllg h ke tbat •e•er had eaous b tome tor 11,. meals for tile,, eb Jlarryt ~~:;,~h~::::;r·~:.ri:~~~1 1\ .~~ •. ~:::~ ul·:;~h::r j_~;.rk~~::::t·•:u~~-~:,~:::,~ 1 ~1 rt;~:~~~~~:;~ I~~;\~~~::~:00 place 1<1 be of a :~~~K~;~~~~d :~~~·::.t.r0 ~:·,.,:lr~,; t:~· ,;•,·.~·l•,:::.i~~~k:~~•. ~ ~~ (::::~~~~:~ 1 ~1o 1i7.,::~;· J;~.';~ TH& HEAVENLY TWINB. ~·~~~,.,:!•·~ . ~~;;;:.'~~~~:";·•;,~\'~';~;. ~:~;·, ...___ J IJiilie- ridle nreet, wv de portM •ltboat tile koow ltolte' aad - • ut of low parnt.l. ...:.=~~~,~~~~... wom" will do to tiim ill tllia ~ Qvkk eart.ail1, aod bullia- · of ullillg bl11110 llifk tll.at be baMa 't bHa ia t~ee ::~ ~i~~~av~·:::;; the b~k oa :addy. aiaee. WBLOoiiB !'0 otm OITY, '~~~~~~rit;.~::~.~·:~j,~~-:~: .. ~~:~~~:;~!. 0~hn•;'j~ w'~~~t·~:ci!:;:t ~~:~11c~ 1 ~!·~- \11h~~rii'";',',::•~i~:~i~~~~:~a~::'::::~~::~;~~~:t~1 ~~~-IIJJ1 ~~!:!:'\~ J l!toJ>I t llllu~o: tho· j~lorh·,;. !lw ~1•l•· w l lll1~ 1111< 1 l~llllllfl~ll ' . •. ·:::.:~~~~:~:~·::Ei.: ~;;::::;=:;~~;:::.~:~·:~;~ ~~·:¥·:::.EE·'1.", II <JIIit e riglll in th<•ir ...,. Some of 1be Comr.adn h,·e gottu P. Q'BrifD, (&.rca.tifally),-"~ Wlly, at tlnl battle oi SaD J.._. Hill, tbe ••r of tl'llilll: :beir •iv~ Ptuk, It'• like .cbl•. lt w-N a hreUe tbat lie aa• ,. Duo" B- n l t of m etl of othl' r •·ountri<•!ll, .,dwnt:Vo·r t ho· maateMI think ilr<' · - ~· · PLAIN tALES'"OF THE "REDS" -- ANTI-BUTCHERY PROPAQANDA wH r . Tllf' CHf•i ! nli,;j l ~ ..... -.'1:.-: :=..ba::=:::.::.'"'~~"""''!ii!ioioo~-------'!"" J{ Part ~-P~Dsl .oo,. ,_.-,SOc.nmcdhe.pqaW.Iaah.aao lut\' f' ?. .. _. ·. -cD"~ i) .., =~:~~d=~:.e.-:!:t: ,....,..._, ==~":::,. • aoy!::;!: to &heir it. to be ·iu order to anawer the p~ fbr wkieb i& .._ erea~ 'r'balie, oa the otlier bmd,.~o wiitja to aiter ic, abd to ch&Dp the .oeiaJ ..~. Uad ria 'it ,ofi rder,·, erime aod moral ,tll&Ja, eor~y do not belieTe io thai; theory; fo r who' ..,~ollld daft op~ au -iletnal order of thiop I · .From .tbia it.. atem1 t.o follOw that it dos·make a peat deal of d~ereube to Socialista ~hat ' a !H.D A: .,;_ lit.ver 1n our pf'l!lleDt order of JMiety as of the DiviDe Order ean sure& never wilh to ·elaaop iL. But Social~ do not'ns:ard the e.pitalilt .,..-tem o f ~' with ita ~-.·an aDd ~belliona, it:l industria! alau ghter ana ll:lilery,' ita Ull~Denticaable Yiee& aod mOlt .revolting erimes. .. pan of • Uh·ine Qroe r . V6 you 80 ,.ard itt ~ "' .; PU.uutao wa&LT aT T K& BUFFALO sOOAusrPUBUSHING <DMPANV SI~. ~ ..... WS.. • 011 proteelio•. Slle II'U' 'vrot.,;tad", ll'itll tbe •tyl• ot ,"prvteetion ' ' uu. Uy ~· conled t br belJIIe• by eapitaliK lut l· 1111 ~·=· to":~t 1~1:, -:~~ ",..~ • escu.., j~:i\'o~~ab,r the 'ntbotlti~ ~:.:!;.~!"'. migbt W_A_!'CII_IT_0_110 _W. there. ::r!~ra· ~a~:~:;•!:~= !~ 1 111 ba•·e bcfOIIIe a publir Com~.:~~~~~:s~hea it Pol!~~-~~~;~,·'~~;~. ~~: 01y~~:l~ ~~~~-~~~f~0;b::~..~::k::.,.:::;r eh~rfal ~~~~:- !:,.;;::~ amh:;.~:~ ::~~a~m;; ~e::l~o! •h:~~::, ;~,':nlhle:e ll•el:~e:~ :~k: -~~~~::: ~.el~"~:~~:~~:;a,a~::rk~ &a· . Yolluy •nd y,... P•nr you ..-11 nt any tlpa 00 .-iae, ( not ho..- . to tloa,. &n1 a~v~r aU~udcll • pant yel rcJAln ••~ ~h11d . i;.r;.,:"~;~,::~:b k;o::.:a':h~L::a;:~;, \\ c lutven t.-. !':~~ ~:011 ~:~:,'7,,~"'~ ~:11 : 11;o0~e;~ ;o:::c:Abe~~;-: =~·: j-.! a~e~r.t~ ~~~:::!":::a;~h~7ia!...::.:,~:·01 0 i• h~I ''Nliy, AOd )i.lr"- )tnllo)' oli•l •• l\&1ti1t aai brOtberL be feell.. ~:ou t T lw work l' n< of th•· n·orlol hu•'f' hf' ~Uil 1<.1 wondo•r why it is !lmt l nn~> · b ...·urk a~ a ,.. ir of t..-ias • t the A colr&.uJB •a ~ION. , '11tiii'LL CHBEit you. t lw pr•·•to•hf'NI wl.o o pr >l Y for •·it·t ori'!~. t hf' grt·at ··oliton; who ~hou t • J'o.. r. for " ' 111'11 . l h•· lo11rtko ·n< .,-ho firmril't• Wltl">l . KUol th•· politieinn ~ who ComrAde I.B. T-..vlo riabuiltliat;upa If ~-ou 'tver l•."f'l di KOU tl!:f'tl at th• J o•o•lut•· WH !'~ ,,,.,. 11<· \'f' t founol umm1p- lh <' lllllll ~d·· •l lw:op!l of humun THE JOB HEl-IRT WANTS. line buti w.Jfb a at ..- t tyW .gu bur. oot look for tbe SocialiMI mo•·emrn t, juft I i Albany ,..ith • II nf hia flo'lih'l;:::.::i;•'t~• i;:•. ~i·;~·.-,,:~ 1 1~:~~;,.~::::.~~-r:::,t,~~-~ if \\'Ht i~ ~'""' f'llflll ~h f•Jr tl,:.··.~. ~::~M,:II r,:;~ :;bb~:~~~ ...::~•i•t: :~a~:~.: ~~e~i:::'~ra:~~r:-:::~:: =~ ~;m:~~ !\.:';:~eE~~~~:~:"·•• ~~:; t>ecn rholo~rr:pt~t;~~,716c;o;.~•: ~: :.~·;; 11 ;~~,',"';;~~ ~~~ ~~;:··lur.'j,n:•:: ./t"st;r':t~~~-·;~ ·~·,·,~~ •,;~,.~;~,,~~;; i~ 11i~;:~~ ~~~:: :~;~~~~~ ~i_k'·~ i:"~ ~~.:~.~~ ~:;, ~:·,~::. .~:·j:~ be ""ite e11tbaaiutic om them. f.~.,;~:;::"~;:~,:!~rb;rb:"r~~:,:n~~,~ ::';r~· ;;::::~~:i:\i~ ·:.M:::i.tlu:-1 ~},:',:~~~:·.··~ .• ::~::::_"/.::\i~;:~~~~~~r;;nttl11 ~,1 ;:~:wt1: 1, ~~ 1,~~~- .:.·~~; ,.,:r1,7.~·R,~ 11,: 1~:,yr~\';:::: ~:~~~· k:~·;~b,hol 1;~•eh~:~~ :t :a:tcl~~~:u• 1 ~ ~!~~6::;! i;~~ng of ::~io::o:~:~ l::.~::n~ 1 ~~e.'~':n•~:~ J :::::·~n~~~)~~~:~~a::lk:l:~~~~~foY~:: ,· = ,, 0 on 1ho· 1\ ,,rJ,]-~ lmlllo· . lio·!<J~ I , •·i•·•l .,-ben 1\llly Suao.l•y is ln th" !•itrb- J10iag back to lli1 111d ho111e ia Cl.,•·elatul. big Brca<i,..af Ar-eaal is IIODI~timn hrm er ' '""'· Wo·ll . !I ~<· 1\'.,rl;inl(' cla!C,;j o f ! lh· world i~ l'o· llilll! t ir, ..J uf l"'illl' ~ • ' • I >OII. Sc.-m• a1 !bough luck i• 1g11.laat ll r• ncu '"'aPI J>t'<l qu•rten ' for 111, wb<•o ,.-e all f::qmrlirne~ you'd think, Ia t /u• 1!"111 whi <•lo lillf•pJ il•ll lt]] Uf Jlu- f.,.,,J fnr l ho· •'>Hlllftll. lllld w/w11 ' ---i:le\'fD ,-toiOHO aegoodo rpai~era ft er get tOjl:etbet. foo]ilb ..-ay,l!Qrn af yo~o~ r ir },; ull "'''r. o·ulll illl! I!Oilu• tn pH_,. tho· tiiX< 'S l'uiJ,;•••l hy tho• \\'Ill' ALI. &CABS LOOI![ ALIJ[£, auoth<"r.in <tuiflr. suecf'u ioa.. that l'l•in IIlii •lob~,.. a1in lo ].,•! ! ho,~·· whn 1nonl \O'Ilr fur n i~lo !ho• ''"r)ofo•·• l 'o·tiHi nly lh·· Com ta•l~ Ar~bif ll tnoh•r..on •N.n a ---OH YO'O P&o,IIPBRITT I ~~~~~t~•~;:~,:~;~~~~l~":-1::~~ •·,~,','~'s;:,,~;·r,,~'\l,:·,:~;~.i~l' 1:111:·; ;~··:·~·i·~•~ :~~~~;~;in~rt;;; I ;· ~:~~ ~~;e!~-~~!:''':;~~~~. ~~~:, •,;;. :~: ~= l ~o· 11 11,.,- wn r in whi.-h Tlu ·.•· wol l pnrli•·ipul•' i l n·ill J., ..\:\ 1:\:-l l ' fl HE! ·. T i ll\ III!Ullllll tlw lllll ~ h ·r~ uf tho· h ro·a.!. - Hnd it will t'Oill<' uti 111•• , Ar ~ bi r, ,.- h••t h ~r lh ~~· l'ornr=~:.o.t~~~~!~~!· u iu~o~;:d: ~~a;,~~:;.::~ ~~:~r~ ;:,7;_;,-.\-~~ ~o~;~t~t ill;!;~:' fo rt l:;twl:i:h ::-::. ,.,.. ~~•bbi og oa I he only ae..-td e• l ~ r in Buft'alo ... 11 0 i1 eat•itllilll Art! ooo toad of IOII1io11 bua 'l JIOillll' to I~ plain At 111, ;rou Willi to s,.,.,.Jiot !'arty, Jl:• •ae •·"Dttg~ to fi ll hi• windvw1 •it.b bart tb r annual ..-later erot> of hard· ~on~ in rutly ]>IIlia, arrortllag to I th~ .-\ . ~·- 1~, I. W . \\' ., ' f::: ~:::.: ;:·: :~: ~: ~ :~.:·: f:~.~ ~:~:~: : :~·:~~.: : ·.~ :~:~ : :·.:~: ~: .~: :~:~. : ~:~~Hii~;;;~:~U[;~;:1i~~~::f~{: ~ 0~~~, f~I'~~fT}:f.:•:i~:.~: ~;,;;:o~;;~~:¥i1~·~~;:; ~~:~~K~~i:::;f~~~:7--~:-_n_ _ .-,. . ~· ~. . .. 1 m lwr w (\ r kn,; T Uo·t t hf'l n l·u~y If,.,.,""""' 1,. "'"''"~"""' TOilAY . tiH· ""' ,,.,.., 1 .,..,'"'"'''" 1·do"" r.,;r - -- - ' - -- - OR A I LAB • ,..oald hl•·e •m<IOtb niliag. Com ra<l., J>er~naml•rker, SONALITY NO PER ::.:· :·.~:;::~' :.:~:·:~:· ~.::::~1~::: ::::: ,1:::~:·:~:.::: ;1~: : _~: : · ::· ~:~::·, .::::~ =~:1 :.1· ::::~:·:~· ;:::::~:::··::I ~~t·~::::·::::: :.::~:l :::I::;;.~~J:::~:i-:~:7~;,::.::· .\ Ilk ,l·n nr.<•·l( rhi~ <]llf'!jt ion •· •·•·ry dn .1·. 1111d ,.onu\ thnt tiny los t wh ic h ..-ou lol ~il) lor li•·inll in A ~u~ anil:l l· l ..-itbout labor; t.:~y tllou~rht il tlle p-rolonthlll l! olnn t• f ()f tht• gro•IIT o · IIU ~ · · of hu1n.1111 broth ~ rhoool. io11 bo o Rli.-en<a ry rr.-.r. LAbo r du.-r of ..:uneb<>dy '• uert.ioa, 1ad en.r,1 _ - ronaadp1tf'd man front tho! o.l".P"f' ;,f p ra~t ica l tbougbt u p . - oome act10a, ~IIII I *'"'"]"'''" -..11 !>/~ th<•r•• 11 ro • f,j ntri t•tii'R of :-lol'inli~m. He'll th~ blind &P•l rtmunoct.,..-- for~ of IO!Jie dNd, oome worlt doa01 or to bOI wr o n~. ThPro· i~ ,-,nl/ Oil>' kiwl of ~ ,,.. j H]i..,m . llo wt! \"•·r. tlwrt· nr•• n1hore, ~ad noA<IOI him to • grrt! uttat do11e. To do a ~iHC of worlt pro~tlt 1\luow ~ b~ p~:~;~~~=· 0';1,~h~i~::a:: t:. l'e.=pul. 1 .~a Pl.&A81NOTBJ:I<Il<l<. .,: a fatur~la tbll world ... Ia of uatliatllrbcod lolleneM at uued n•Ard of ia4uatry, lad rlsllh!OIIIIIe., ' Wbett~OI eom~ tlli• ehiltlitll Tlo.••~,'"~'·,~ ..-~~~to~~~7:'.~ Unn'l b1•1 oul I IHI •lrnpiOI ii Tbe..,..orken uoa ot do better tho be ~e of tb01 ~~~o.-aJied' •arld llt; "leadu." .-holD Ule npl tell tt. tile upltalllt pre.. della~t t<:1 boa· If you will ooll~ tbf attltutie or npl t•li•t pe~ •beaenr tb e of Eltor,OiovaaiUI, Ha,.w-ood ~' meatio11ed,yooeaaaot faUto t becorert-r,IYfoW'opeD I• aot ebOII'-"l Co.pere tb.OI TH _ E DEMAND . . . ro tr.l ak, of tb e 'e•plllllJt pepcn •tlea Atul .a that grnt aad good maa, I)i <l ~-ou ,.,.,.r tiOtl<'<' lilt' tll<'rtiiMIOg n m nl.o•• r of n rtl e l e~~. Piht o t!Rb mee.o• lo mau Ul bl!folllf a u cator of aad rea~tiaK uron tbem, or foelia1 aad. becomr a free mao aad tl e•·clop 1 per· • re..-oiDllonrr •Ork.l~ a oj l !ict iou - tlll "~ tl ir<'cl ly CO tl f'<.' tll.iTig :o; oc iali ~ m whic h thl' aod iiiAtrulllfnl•. of IOf!ia l in· th inking, willing aad -upiriag. To rob eoaality •orth,- 111 bot embodi ed in t he Mooo t En.,llnt E.u~Ue11c1, 8eereta'1 · • ltll t hlr atlllud1 zint.,; IHI \'t• IWI:' Illl to priut f ~\r P. you ~ urpri11eJ! Yo u auol ideal• -cllido op!'aed to bim of It •ould aot oaly meaa to d.,. prodll(tl of bi1 lutad• aad ~i • brain. tt~l ut the Departmeot ol Clllllmete~ 'P'•II .t tile 01..-ie Pld· The r •· ' • n 1·uy ~ ootl tt'IINOO. :\ ht~o:uz iu ,· publisht•Mi mHy b e Labor, <mien )lylioa· ebaMd· oal of aa't•ytllo . . .71lat· learn . lm t n himntt·l~-. id•·ns w ill pcreolHi t· through the ir lat~d of the r... u.d t he bom11 or i •bout mea IIU Olnf!pen, Snt•ialilil mo•·emt'l1 t hAA not I brare. ~••·"' ~~·w-n,, lfo rritoa, 0 'CbatJ•ll aod tilelr ::~~; h:, ~nit~l .. ;··1;j1Ni~~~i~;:i t'! i•·~ hf ~odoli~!.~ in tho; world. nnd th e ~:.,,'l~:t~:~~>o:;• ..:~u~boo~.-pT;.:: ;:::.to.";~ i~~:~~:/':':r :~i~:~ ;::. ~:!~t;oa 1:t :::=~~~g :~ 11•o;~t to-. Bnoks nn· lmrn· d ],,. tl w ll f'W 1'11r•···l l'o11t law . Too ma tJ\' Labo r bu treated fi•·ili.tatioo and Rot• iul illl h ook~ ht· in~ l'i~o·ttlatt!tl to suit tlw lllH!ItCf'!l. n~si,\<•11. it made it ,......;t.tr for oailliou to lh-~ ia woul d o·unlli•·t wir h tho• E;'l;pt~ ll.~ o•ompanio•11' piHIIII if th e gon·rument w mron ..-b""' before a ftw thou.u.utlJ of wt•r •• tn r o mpH•· in thi 11 pro fitaLh• bu ~i tWIUI of clt rrying books. ..,.,~ l<'l. rocely ab lo to elte out a l'lli•teaec. ME~IN~ ducl io nofw ita blotboa1fbt _tombiaatlooa; ud a 111"11 wbn reall.T hal fou11d hia lit• •ork, th• po.>rpow ot ILil uiiJ!noe, Ia ne•·er •o bap py a ad eoat ea ted u •bea fnplj'ed ia lli• .-ork. Jn bis .,..ork he 6a tll th e mcaat of e:~:pn••iog bit (lei• to labor bu bef!tl alm cwt alwara the j11d of e:rploitatioa; anti t ile .-orker Ia beld Ia po,..ut,-, 11able to d~.,·elop ual ity .-bicb re1ard1 work peauble..,meaaa of ita O'tta 1 ~::lo:-a::-~~"'~~e ~~~~a~;: ;.:~~:!~;~;~i::a~: t:f~~ :::.!~:~ ~:~:; pl:.:;::~:a~r":':.etbl::.::.agt:o:f ;;~; ;~::! ~~;•~c!!:~'te:.iouc ••e- mllrl~~:~ ~~~~e~d••11 i~\hat tiH~ "STO~J THIEF I" to~~~~~·. hnt 1h11t it i ~ goinr;:- to kN~JI thiug11 considerably whil~ it i11 ho•rt·. O LJ•·iouKI,•·. th f' mag11zin•· pnl.o!iJ>her · anJ R hnngt' r ·on to tlw tuils of B iJ: Biz, woulll 1 Do you lt.ao• wlly eome of our op· l telled ual e11'01rt1 a11d edll•veroeata, l•·eiled by tJM.ol~ifital do1ma1, metA· t1y 111cb gr-ul .tree• upoa t11eb ,.]aiao the blrtbrigbt or j udria l! other phyaical aotlou, or id;•logiul mu •• lind f•alt •·itb th e moral• of people'• mGrallaad tbe morela of 10eial ions. i ud •j,(b tbe a11umed coo· mo\"emeia!a. Evrryoae Mf!llll to be of Soc:ialin HOaomiHI It U eoa.-iaced tllat, •lillie l"tgrrec t eoolimate '!'HB 'rUT. tb l'y ba•·o long realiu-4 the at any iotelled a'al, acieaLitie, or a.rti1tlc . !hat 11oth int h more likely to burl J >rodu~uo,. at eodea•·or nqulrca pooil· Tll,. ~ f>U..,her 11 lie whG toll,... • u u1e In tb e "·'~'" af tbe many tban t h·e hao•le.lge of· tll01 .ubjett In quM· bi t own p.reeeJilt; tll e bl!tl J U( lltr it tbf' ~ bugft of immorality, for tb e fol · t ioa, ne11 tb01 mOll iporaa t \1 a ea m· be .,..bo pradi<-H bia o..-a teacllinp; Jo.,..infC r~•oooa1: J>l!t~nt judge ·or moral quetUo11s. tb e bHt 1 peaker i• be ..-bo 1peakl br t'itl t , morality i1 the weal: 1pot of No• Boo:illl•ta are hutnan belag~ and lilt l<:lioas. {.'lnit t dW:I aot only preach, &e<i rty a• well ... of iatli.-ilillalt, tbe therefore fu from bei ag pcr! Kt. But " LG•·c your neigbbor," lie IG\'f'ol hiM ; of his pupt·r .111! n• fe r~ut•o: to · " r ;,o tl r · l011e th• • lltht! rli sin~o: of th e hig ' On th e oth e r humt . ht· b itt•· rh· h t J ~1m '1 lui\'<' •·i r •·ul11tion , i11: I i anU furthu!li Ott·, if h~ l ull~'ll ~ircul nl i 01101 tisi";l:: 1;::l{·h~11 ~~~~·; ;;;,.~hrt ~~~i~·~~~:;;~:l~\~ 11 dt~,~:l~;"~ ~i~r:ae ~~~:":r:':n"'~~e i~:ci~~istt~~:k~ialistn mo:r~ly :J 1ta~ 0~t ~p=b::: !:;; ~~:b,..~~: ~~~~r~::e::·~::o~~{ti:~~ ~:~ ~:~~~. ~~~eo;~g~~c~~~~;:i:~~/::~ i tl num f'ril'll. l growth. Th ~)' ar l' s warnlin~o: in 00 eve r y aid e. Ca n :\ roe "'" Joing enough in that direct ion f Loeal Buffa lo hu sensed th t' situation. and at the last · ed u ~at c th to ro properly t ;;:,7:·t~hr:.::~~~d~~io,?s0 ~~~~~~1 :ed~~:t:1 :Au:!~~~;;! all printcd ma tt e r . Re.11d the •• bl:; =~~~~~.:.::~~~= ~~f~:~~Z~:;~~~t:~:E.~~.~:~: :r:~:E.~~::::.;;~~:· ·:::=: g~~2~~:~~:?.?;~,E::f~:2 ~:;~~}~~£·:~~ I :=t!:t eir~ti:~~f:Y::~::,topol"::":! =~·~,o'Uao~arb~~=i ~0~10 0~he~::~:i7; :!'::ia~i:r ':!a~~ne"n";:,r:' ;~:end ~"~t~=~ ~u:~..-le !~ :~:e!':b!~~~:;-;t;.::~;!o!:: :::t;a~:v~i 1111il ~:· e~~m:~~~~~ ~:~t;~~::.:b:t ~;d!~ata:e/ro. •Ht mea011 \'Oting for meu In o rd l' r prop~rly to m (•+.o l th e s ituntiou, it is up to the Social ist It i• !ho 'old famili.a:r trid< ot t1ae tllitf l~\l!..,..la of .all Ullf!ful me.. benl_ of Illorganizstion to reJo u hl.- it!l t:'lluca tioual efforts. A Socialillt ruaalnJ a••,- ud t.ryiq: 'to tiKeht ]lQ l'lety; ltl obJf!t:t, Uoll a te.pa rdJnl aad d0~1:1 ll~ld eNt~ud 111.1;•1\lit lh.t' ~JdiDI C IIt S or the basic tenetS •ould·be pnrsaen by crylq, ' 'l!l;op pro~11olioa 0 thOH i~!e:f!fll~ for the &::'~~~~ ~:~ m::.h,t~·~l~~:i:;-i:;·,~~::Ya~~~Joh1:,~e ~::;~· concern aa II it • ~ arion~ eommeatary licbpittll! doll•• diJ!IouCtta may gn aDd come ... be lAnd, • here lie np tll01 bu t i• aot :dlo•ed to thil la11d tbo fr()I(IJ -'--- ! :: ::! i!!,:; trut 1a !~~-~~ brd!I · Art. No mMe fat pollee-• . . . .Jeked litllo boya a-.:1 faiU.1 o..-., Patleuee ' 1 ~ U of tlle en-t.e•laod bartl!la. FaDa1,1111Ybe1 httbyoll .. ~: ~.-::n~ 0~u~: :..:=. :~': ~rO:.~~":~:'w~::!::-,.:•:::,~::.f: "~ ~:.~:::!':\naat ~ thl .. f l'' . •oD SenDdlr, ena tbe leuL latelllpll.t ,_pLe, aad LbeM are _tll ~ eten.al lloa, aod theD It worb II'OIIde~ully to tile " Art" .N eboot 60 of aad lattnr eted, •bo dare DOl jv.d,. iD· touao!atloJLa ot aU ~~~;orality, ho•eve-r Jato tlt.e budt ot Ute ra.le .. of-~~.. e:zeloa.,..,' aDd lit 111111 ri&ht \ · ot ~oleat --:-;;. l4 R So long &II war pays for 110me of our 1tately pill.uw of IIOciety it will be jWJtified in the e;.. ol tha.e who ialue everything by the amonot of profit it i1 able to yidd, reprdlea of it eiueltiel &Del barbaroua accomp&nimenta. ADd thert wiD alw&YI be a pre~~~~ ready to defead udo'applaad P7 enterpri.e,. be i' ever 110 brutal, that payi. The m..- of the peo ple, thoqll. they tJ"e the 'fittiia. aDd .:':;!.er:;:: :~ ~!~=;•~t.t:e =t~':; =~= ;~~~-:-= ~take ' th boon ~~:ti~l t~ ~~: .:,.~fr :e ~OO:,t!;.~;;,:;: ~-;!wmv;t~ .am IIP'~- -nurw - - - ot' tile e1--. ..,s tnlten .t • ~- U.... ill u.;... e•aAJ•-• N tr.lr apllttiq, 't)ae _ . ,.e...a -,.-......., 1a die ~ ol u.;.tnlt ,.U ooatrol of Ute ~ Wt • ........ .._.. · ' •~ a:eU.,... _. it ..m .. "Wf7 .---•-&MeJIII ~~~~ will aa Jaapr •onora at lllela b7 = dllliJ..a...-, an- ..- ':,~u~*'-~~a: ~· ,... ~· "~~ ad....._.,. .......f . ·~ ~· . ~ U JOG · ... 'Die p&pw ,.., U. . \ . um-;lm.at talr jaJ&I tub.._ , ottMf ot • type ·nJt l adt!eataiJr, llllr'M tlley'D pick 1lp " ' " ' b ' t 1'------'.,...-------,,....--:-----,--,...,.-:----"""--''.•~ttle p*e ot elut.ap, Wt, b._ yn; .-.;.,.... Mia.~ ' 'ftll ....' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-01-25 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-01-25 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n034_19130125 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n034 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/dca1bd3c8c7c4687be8f1b98e3765b14.pdf 330b89ea5816dd298e50ba2eaad9f7f1 PDF Text Text LOO&ATTJIK~f:# YOUR ADDiti!Slii.AIII!L 1P IT IS 34 . YOUR SUBSGRlPTION IJtPIRES NEXT '&"D!K RUSHJ& JOIN CLUBJVHILE CHARTER 1s·OPEN �•••liT ...... ._ __ Olprs, 01...,._ ancf Rueelan Bell Pbooe, Boward Tk-J. rn.&&.r l11041 _see W illiam S t.reM. Cor. PNu, - B utraJo, H . Y. INSURANCE · E. W • .JOI:fNST~N ' F I KB TEAll It K L KVATOB r.LT WHEEL PL.I.T£ G LA SS STEAM BOILEl ~:f:'rJUid ,S l~~:.i~ta nd ?nr: S9 75 tllllli•ii.)ll $1g~~~:; :~d. SII 75 $l:n~g"~~i~t Sl4 75 A.lJ · the tu t tba.t we baH', 111,\ rema\11 able . f::::: ::d:u~~. ~:~~~::':: ;~,~ ~~ agt" c>•-e ry mtmbftr of our ~:,;:;~~~. :~~ SPEAKERS' CLUB or~raniutio ll ::w~~:; ;:, roefa~:: ' ' ' Tbe, ll:...~ of "'"'•"-• '1~-•., J det.ermiut illl Ull be ~lfe rftd ia avid eMe I U,jPr.t uf di~a at tha11 t hat you HSOhe r ight bcrr , t,o. media g of t ile Sodaliat 11i1bt, to -ell at )fll~ one _ ticke t f <lr Comnode Joe Ba ll bei a; t h L~n111 Lectare Coune tbill Wo:41k. tbe f!Tt'n ing. Alter hil tal~ , . T ry •·t.itiag Klme of yoar ae iabbon. i~l!'l!, ~...U.tl1:11 of about SO takl! ..,..., 1ick o:ota wilb yo-, a ad after ll l'!f'.l "fool ~ " at him, after yoa b•·e vl~lt..d t or a wklla, teD ;roa r on&IUH!t of llti'Wt- nter erowda. fr~11d a how l bl! &ciallat Party ill f'O.. " ArtkalaUo." ._... tiM! aubjeet !:~~· :~:~ . ~,,. . 111::;;~:: * !.: :ft·~~~ d!~~ pe.~ r. flirbt bt re, n(ltr, ~ o:oare-1'111 a ad cloa 't let yoor fritad' t bu,e t " ~to• · •erMtiou • t t.hi• p<~i Dt uat il be ·...._ tlkn •~tiehl . or bu abfolotely re. h aed-do 't be Jllll oil' 1111tll 10m11 ot ber .tiae. I n'l t\1: IIICIDe1 u d y nu t Wk that be I• JOOd lu iat oo . r-r, metl>od. of n 11 Ddatioa. · ... TN~ for 1111st in51: ..;u be c-.r..ae. "~ i alia111~a Mlaait:l pal a nd Co111rade 'Te~u .. aa da 011 ~ a n1 . 8 \a11ky of Practical Boe~ " aue ad. · ·~· '- 1 "".._ VDlOD Jl•de · THE ,EITEBPRI.E "OLOTBlERS ___..._,..____ ,, . 89.1-8 ae..-e St. 'and 1800 JeffeteOn �• -WHAT FOR? Polit icians decfiire wars. P reachers pray for victories In wars . .WORKINGMEN flaht the wars. 1 · If ti1e masters want blood let them cut thetr ·own throats. Let those who want "great victories" go to the fir ing _line and get them If war Is good enough to pray for. It Is good enough to go to - up close where steel f!.as hes, bone:t snap and blood spurts. · They say: 11 War Is Hell,. Well, then. let those who want h ell , go to hel l. WAR-WHAT FOR? �PUaa.JSHaO waaJC.'( 8Y TH& BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBUSHING COMPAN Y 5lY.&pStt.t.~ 1 BUirPALO.N. v. 1UJr1"1ft KSISLU............ -~~-~:Wfloof PRAJIIK.IIIfl!~. T - Y. P. CAm~N.~. ~Pwb$1 .00,...y-,50c:.hDMJIIIbt,pay.W.Ia .... _ E:ul8r'Odu~-d... ~· aatterJDiMI6, 11112, at&bepoMoANd BD1lalo, Ne"' York, 1Uldn-the Act ot 11...-eb I, l81t SA TURD~ V, JANUA_!~ 11, 1913 ;;m l "'~'"! ood of foa.ll.letrWtween Mliouud ba~~::; r.: en at peao.e ..uer, " !00 ~~~- !o tlllok It o..n, worltm-( " It botbe r t.be. rood biQop were belap aN tr111bed &DIS "pe1t n~obl ol , _,_,_, ,l <roo.,lod ud =ubed h1to a pulp to tcMtopolia fe"'Tirt- tb•t n::e.l:~~~~::;lo~j!11«;t •;t,: :::.:~i!~~~~tJ:~~ to ,.';-.!d~ b11•ped. B11t eYideDtl,r- -N~WTong. aurely y ou =un ~ ltaow tbll PDMibiJ. ~lley ..,ffl ll~ by tbtir do DOl llabt lny battJee. Ttl tb eym•rpni:y tbat'' our_bqfll'' m_pro oftbe oLbertellowatban fellow• lr.ill or tllem; l)ut do I!Ot aboulder aay 1111 ~ We tbe l>i•bor beu u100 lie Ia honett it. Ue :d-D't bet.itate to bold b loody ahirt and to at U.t ~ill ' _;~:; l •if• llll00 i••,,•"'ll ~~::::.~~:entll~ :~a11u~ht:; ri(lhi'!'DPIUU!M.'' NDM Of \noeaiM:L upt atrikera. Siu,.. l ytbe d arkRap{eloDda w~~t ol'on 111 tbal~aayb. tbe bl rl!d tluip ef t brmute111 were tlle r loten. D111 yoa'.t ~~~rver gue• It fro111 tbe 111W. it~11111- !'!II 1fi"UII earerur uoucb to ,.,.,,1 tbe liit ()f t.he l~urt'd. PCSwaa Or A iAom. Tu be ... ,.,, tb e ad . vaoo:e ha the uuq or ri(lbt...ou•~~~ AJ!pray, •boiJy aeema to I'CI burt , lll tllne _.....,.. u. ll"t. l'' illl•• J . Coa"e'lt • • - tb<' ::~:.:~E:·:~~~~~~~i :~::.:~~~·::::·~;;::r.~! ; ~=.\';;;ho:~~a~: ;;:::'~m '";':;~~~~~.oo~~': R~~ , d,oe- ~iabop eon , a 0~ tc, . hUI It a · ptat bor t O drt t bi~ for t •.t t hp be can'\ ; .[ O'IIIR '; ..o.nflt<ll! 1_ 1,11 1. •We '••••o•• of u - w;~ !;; ~~~01*: ~~~? ~f1 ~~tr=~~al:r ~~~L :!;:;7., e::::u;v:~ of "'blt h ca nnou oo: t r get up before brt'akfut tD ba'fe M· 1'1"-l llte llhll .. ill da.a.~krilt i~ • r - ' ' 110 tbat tbco plalo P"r-1 ronl<l blm ••., h "'IL " Auol tlle t im<' ud troul.ole tloat · 111011 "'""Ia 1pead ia ~klD!f a perfe.etly rood ~~ · look rump!f!d .,.d wri11kled aad work lar da..y ... alm)ilr a caut ioul De Jo•·... l our William J. ti'OID tlle da.Y be b...,cl tH a!My of kow 0011aeru ll kt<l Jlela but De H r f$ll tllcua beul!.. t bty nan .,. ~ bill. - I .\Jt4 .ao1 ..,....., It uae tD · aa opportaalty lo .ppol11t aaot-.et daa.~:~~p~e of 1 tht- worklea pe.,10l tD • aeh job, .-bo Uoold "e lllil1k of bat tllat oraal:llt llt of tlle jourllllittle Jll'ol-~11 le Dot. h.lot 1\'llo, ladHd, PQ1, bat oar O""ll F ird N1tio11a l RaoU, lfD lloat Wlllla. J, , too, may be" rood eiH - a11d AHII"'dly. The Du1falo New. I&~ 11111111!: ot tile pr111perityf Cer· it ,h 1 lla e -ele<:tloa, bftau• Wlllla.., Tht Ru1falo E~rptl!tlll &II.DOIII!te.. wlt b tdn or ~tifte.d 11tld111 oo~ i•lf from word, that the Pint S atioul of New York paid a dh·ideod «.at io folU" y yra. ean 11ow doubt th e bleiHd p.,.. of tbil blr land of oaral Do a.t tbe !raH.ibillly of tiMI wllto.D I!H're m011crel worklog· objert to li¥1as oa f8 a we<elt wbfta Ia 1111 f>'Oiperooaf Do. aot E&Jlt eM bit tbe ... n on tbe loud 1\ . bi11l.a t hAt the thi111 for i1 to aava tllelr mo11ey .J'~utime, C"'"" :~::.• :1: ~~t! ~~~~~~-',:. 11 eet1aia Socialial : ; : ;.. l' WliO ell! 11~\'V" be CO IIlt lll..t 81111 Ia beca~at~ Vfm. ~ Cooalil'l .,.,, l'i~ UJ• Ibt oliM"OII t.erti n¥qu-. "'itlioaltaltll alldlltll'lllb~""llb towheretlle•ealtbt ol'ln_(J'IIm, bill fork. Plaia Bill a!IN 1 tllattllft,o . areU•"e llreatbatl~ef''pla.iae-. ' ' It appea:w tllal. Eiben Habm.rcl, " t b~ who pot t,IM f'llaf i. Eut Aotol'l, •• dillnlliMwltb t~.,.e•ee.de-­ betaUMot. -eofLMtllla· wlaltb1I'a bbard bu t.oprlatlalilapsblltt. I . t:ilhlllualbe-ltladota n � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-01-18 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-01-18 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n033_19130118 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n033 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/608251f0c7b96c547fea55be66c94594.pdf 883f91e29696f5462a3aa13d0cd39b9b PDF Text Text -_.rLOCJit~=A~T=:-,_:==-= -==~... ::::1 suPI'AID IOCUI.IST ~ SAL11 AT NIIWS YOUKAJlllaDISLAIIL STANDS . W}!DNmlAy To SATUitDo\Y' IF IT IS > YOUR PIIU!S I'II!XT - Vol.l-No. BUFF-4LO, N.Y., JANUARY II, "13 125;000 GARMINI WORKERS SIRIKriK NEW YORK Crrt , su&no, B. I .. • Trade. Compldd-y Tied Up ;- 10,000 Plckcta Guard AgaJnst Strike BreakerS- Soc:iallata Take ACtive Part. . SOCIALISM AND CULTURE WORKERS FORCU THE STRUCCII lN JOYS Of.MERRY MASQUERADE Big "sroad;...,v Arsenal Jamm.d b-y Sociali.sts and Sympathlurs1 Who Join Hands In Grtttlng a New Year of Achievements of Which the AfWr is a Good Omen. I, �A few of the ialen.ilq Oo lap s otecl Tht Lpl the Bdalo.Boc\albt reporten at tile •ore to•plett~ report of Ue New Y• r 't £'1'e daaee WH• tM ecoa\'f! s t ioa at 8 0('11Mter . tba ea pit.alin s f! . .paptn. lfo..llltot"'10IIIIC-f olkacaU 1 -. Sbedtl ••Slleddy,'! aa~l tluot ile TIIJt ·a · ~ d.r.. eaa look to like iL fM~iliall\ wilen It i. .,-PI~ ~a~ ~mber 111 tile Buffalo .Bocl.af~t I ,Mtortlial' to tbot !\i.,..,.. l'llla Oa · -- · Ef!lt.,tbelo..a l ~a~llllartolllpanydl · Tlult lln. t'01ter .old tla blllt"lla to .,Jded amont Ju old and ·aubmluin~ ••bfoat tile Mad.' ' wage.alavts •1 0,000. Oae maa ~Jved Outfit No. 2 ::l~~~r:..,~a~~;c::r,:~:;t~!~a::~-:e·nro~c:b Jog, burial perm!,, c:omplet.e can aad au.eadanc:e. Tut.al-t .. . ., $43.()() Outfit No. 3 ;:~';,:,a::~:~;.:ot\~~::~~:~t~:,~:~~ b11.rW 1ult lo, blaclr: or brown habit. b'f:t IHIIU'III!I, J ... eoow:b-. embahs lnt. ~~~~jl.,'!~lt.. Oomplt~IA!I ca~ aad aue udan ee. ' • . $55.0<) Outfit No. 4 ~:.':_ekn:.=~~= :::: !~~~~;':=_: 1l:.'l~;, ail: h•udiN, eogTued name JllaUI, ouU!.d e of piiHI, hurllllu lt b:~~7 :::rb~ir~:':~~~~~J;..b.::~~~..d~':; "T:tha~~~~~ . $60.00 ~\11ow. lw••n t ~· "'"'· I•• j.,. ~uro•, hut "'h",.,. Wh•l1 t ho• Grunol )!ntdo r• no<' ~,,. ' '' II ,nouh)' nt~ol fto••b 1111d ~'""'" ]•r<'><'ll h '• i ~~~ unii•Uid 1 liru t y 11n•l ' ' L!"'""~· It ;. ""' "''"'"' "" th~ lu,;: llo oo r. ·n ,..,,. oli•l nu t h ut"• ! hnl ''"'"'' , ·.,lll n•l•·• ""'"' u r•· .taffy lontrlr>. Dlr1um;:h r l~o• ur i,.:ioul • J•irh ~ gi•·.-~ r••m t·l,. , ''''' nuont•r uf ~o:•··~ t l~· •~.rro•·t · hmot>' ll11t •r ~trtrlt•ol ""' lu lnlk aloout uor N,.,.. \···nr '• nulin~o: Dl llutrnlo. w,. roo jo.r~•l :o ~1 "''' "'1 ~" ' 1•ntl• "' "~···"'"I talk about fun! \\'o•ll. 1,.,,.,. that 10 u.: 'W r luul II <lanoly llno,. oil thr tr&H1, anol tb .. to ip wa~ t no •l"'rt r o "'"' u~. w,. . ., -J!·· :.;::;:1 .. ~" :-::~."~·',:·.,'::·';:::." .~ ...:;~\.~ ;;:~~~~:~::~~~:::•,;·:..,,',: ,::·,..h'i~;." •n op).ortunity to gl!t ::~~~~~•!•t'l~: I!~~~;:~~: ~: :~·:' ~~~:..~~T~:in.!.:~o•·etl I c:!:::d:l;n~;: ::~!~d!r\b7; :;;;~: ~~:~,~:~" Hi• eompe titor E. WEDEKINDT I hi! '.wo I of th hi,.: o•row,J " 'hu hrtd ~Om4! •imp!~· fur auothN rhanr<' to l~' tJ '<" lUtt' tbr u~l~· ··louQu~·· huo.::'' "' "l..:ilr .tante '' •In! ""' "l'l"''rb t ~ th~ 'i11nifi~aa~e of '''" ~~~~· tar!!', hut . !ht• well ~o: roundo•ol r<>n>u.t •. , olod, &11.J •I Itt•~· h""" trlddo••l ,t Iotti•• IIlio th ,. """ "~ l<lll~n~u nf ~ 0 111 <' ot t h•• half l•mkf'•l or ,.,..,n of ''"' roulhlential lnfOrmatioa, lr ,..,.,, to. · UNDERTAKER AND FUNERAL DIRECTOR No. • 'w_-Al.DBN A. VBNUB tb ey Tbat Cnm rs 11e Bertha \'~ler ia walke r. ,IOfl Ball ha d to fQak hi • TbiOI Otganiz"t ,...,,.;of ~« b~ter lot· in brint' after ret lowlog hft le1d on tray~! b i1 CA J>italiat ir. leauinp by t urk · fi•· e·tnitr. "alit Ne" Year'• Day. Card· Party and Dance . in ~o: 11 w11y a ]>lankl!ti aleak at tbe Uof· brau. Co..ra 1\e l,.e\·i U jll•iltt tbat ~ he That Lonia ftt,.in bad b i1 r.a11Je t binkJ ther,.·a notbio!f too good for tbe on ~orne of tb n follu wbo like "'"'"'"If tho: dotot.o. !;··;;~~~~~~ ··~~~;;:~. ;~:~;: ;.~~," .:.~~. ~~~~ 1''~~:. 1'~~:::~· a.\:·.~.:~:."":!~~~.~:.~~..:~ "''""""If ' tla ndn!!. YOUNG PEOPLES SOCIAUST lfArlJE 1 ARE YOU A SPUO? t o lhr troul<l• " '"I r• J" ""' of nn, of tltucn ano t hr of l ~n dollara a •l"" 111 •trt..:t r Ar t" ukr t h~ hun ~ h ! ''"' ,.., ' ' fuo~ them I \\ rll r.ot •o that "I' In thf' ,\nnor .. llut hk < uau,;:h t y H>u omolol noto ~r ot' \\hnt arr we ; SATURDAY EVE' Q, JANUARY 11, 11113 B:r JtoMo Putor Btok-. Ar~ \On a 8 J>Ujtl 1 am 1 beloag l 1 FRANKLIN HALL, 5% Wt$1 E•glt Slrttt }.fill.. TICKETS, U!5 . CENTS :h~~,J ,,.~,,."";.,~~·;;~,•ro,~ ':n~l: '' ,.:n"t\~,"; ~::·~~ ,;," ~~~ ",:~~~ :!•;~h m~:::: ~~~ :7~,,'h,:.o;;:t;•,:al:\e';n~l:,ek ~::-ar~~~ ~;,e;,..,., 111,.1 11,. "''''' ,., 1,. 1, '""''"'''' l'UlY ,Jq,:.u 1 ,.~ 111 ,.,,.., onrlt t h" l"""""t ntoruenl ralhnK tb.,miK'hrs f•lu\ ,.norn•l•.,.,. h,L, J, 1.,, kh """"~rl ,, l,;nrr• 11 , 11 ,.,,,,. •• t hr n~KI "'"'" 1·o1•·• l •" '"J.: JU• t '"Kanu... <l to the t wn ro nomp~rr~'~t all<! 1, 1 "~ Wlllk Ill' IOUA.R.U..,. E&alltl.e~ tllrtll •hediUidthe..,n~ reudelf)d to ~.t, r.r •ope rlor w 1117 fomlahed by any other twdena ker lD Boft'•lu tOJ" tbe t.t.· urbll*.nt ptlcet they will c barrll· Bell Phone, Oxford iiii P'edenl Phone 1181 t h•n ;:~;:' :;.;;,:' ',~/';~:.:::::,7~1~ 11 ~10 :·~~:',:.::::;: I ::~: .. : ", ..h;,:: •. b1 ~~··~,~~:~::; ~~::~a17t~:: ::.: :::,~. ';,:,.~··:::.'t f~:: ',~~.:. '::1!~: I ~.~li::~.!"'~·:i·~::..,:~,'~m'."~ !·~~~,'~~;; ~':~ eut! . MUSIC BY V. i>. S. L OROiESTRA !bat hl"rt W(luld bf' • ~o:oo•l tbaare for \\ur bhopo ::t:~fL~~·:~i,~: ~~~f? ;,S:i;:~:;~: ;~}::ij:. :.:~ ~: :.: .;·:~·~; :,:~,'.~:f: I ~~~:;~:.::::·~::~:::;:::.::.::~:-:; ,,~1~~~{:~::~:,::~::~:: :;,.:;: ~;;;~;::t~~j::1~~~t1t~;f~i 1 ~:2:5:o:e:_: :_: :':~: :;:.a;~:;:-;.:;:,:.":":';,:~:; :..•: "_:._:2:5:o.:::":ts:-~ 1 ~·. ,~...,·~:..,.... ";; ...:~~~~·:: ::·7;,: ..:", .. ~~~ ::·~.::~~:" ~;J!~;:r:·,,:~~· h,' ,' ..o:::~n~' ~~~~r;,.:;~~~~ ::,.,' ;::;::'; , .: \1, f"'~''" It :.:.: •• r... th < 11 .'' i~ a •*"' ,\ n•l rhr jlrP"" ,.:rm•• uuut>ol. 111 ••uund. ,\tul tht 11' '~"' " :~·~n:"f: ~· ~:::.","~~~T~;:.•,~:~:~:<I~Il::~ ;;,'~1 1~,:~~~~·:~'~k: lalr.r, • ,';;•: ,'; U and 1•noon11 the poo r jllrt .. l work l>otb .,., ,.,. Buem ent Mu t ual llf' " tbat thf' ,;.,,.,,... th•n l.a ~all~ fuuM t... n•ad" • \\ e .. I f t!lr n<h are 1,-ood •re •tr.. rom0~ 0~r:~::p::· .: ~ f::~w~;~: 1au~"~:~:..t;m, • ·itb I iu rb:' ~e;;_r Kllp~tr&noe on Paul Street Uul!'alo Aa ea t rorlll uu.ala;.:J•wlth Papen ~AEI-•od l'erlodleal• S.becri B UtSR~QNnD y '":~." a§ tl11 rt .. 'l' ro.,.,j,.,J, ll't'Trn·fill,.d •n•.l I b ou ~i ng. I J'r i,.att .... ~ ht~. ~~;~:~:,•,.•f;:,~~: ..:o;;: an••hf'ft "'"' ;•••._ '"'""' 11,..,. ,,,,, ''""'' ""'~''"l· l••-t.,, ""'''"'"" JIO \l unk~• 1 ' rorouo tl t ht• •<>rht I 1 ~~~ ~ part !~ A!l:~~~:::.~~i!:~~ mi~ral.lt' uf fir, ~.-1111 " 11 ~"~• \laom~ol, rru~bl'ol, ,... er a bua lone b.. ~crot foforl'td H~~~~~~:~:.:~:~:::~;,".'n: :~ ~n Baret,r Boudt LAcKAWANNA . _ J9JrkadoW l..a.ne i 8TEUI BOI U : ll ~:J:ary .. d ;;;;;;:;;;:====:;;;;;;;;;:==I -===~· o(ott aud • lhe fare. T hu bu r<lm joaoy to graot tb r. d•mazHb r~fuoeol l" rb •r- the Jli!O I•Ie of h rokeo bodoH.. ;;,·~:~::i l, :::;:::::::============== 1 •••• 1 '"""'"~"'1 r•~"'"'~' '" "' p~••· "''"" """''"' •n•l fo>bln tbat' P][ • and tbe ·. Child ~l••·~n· Pre>otitution. l'rema tore •ltatbo " " I"''"'"" ••d J•••l•" . :;~~~~:~~~.il~:;;';~•:t:i~:~ ~tr; ~r ~::d~:~ .::.~::urity. donn••• ;~~.~:i:~:::' ~L~~~ I~. ~~J=.:~; E~~~~~~- ~~= ~;e~~ketrle :~.:~t~II.E Th,. ll ailw1y l 'o mpatoy !Ju m•de itHit ,";;·~,:,;,~::t~~:~~~IC ~~;~: ~=;d:n~ui,:J~~~=~:;'~:Ion;:~thilllt. .:ruwing •II •• 1 a in• :: inK h.•· !hi! Wotkt'ro tu l h" f:birl;.er• I:T•~• 1>'""' ' "11 a ll I f TJ1 ~n th~ .~ ,.,~ on~ =~~·;!~:)(. ~ ~~.: ;•~o~n::~: K:~~:::'•;::;;: I::~::::~~-:;.:::~~~bl;:::::::~~:·~~~ "~ I .. ,,.,.r w•• loti 1' l h l' !to ll t ''' {IJ•I And t hf to"" nn lrr.l.: l' t ah- •n 1 1' ho• "'"'' f olio" • tbt• rba 1o or >u Pre>fi l ~ •n lh• l"'r•un ,f " "' ~:~n ••l ( " n ~omt•''" oallto<l ,, tbra ... oh1t 1on ) *'"'" nernm 1 , 1 no~ I' ' :::::::2::·.::~:::::. ::1 ~}~i;~~:?~::i~~~~~:;:.~,:~:.: : . . . :r.;;·:.:.~:, ,.,.~\';•:•:. :~. :!.~~~~·::~~~:~; 1 ~~~~ ';•:.,1!~1:'.:."~; i:",~·;,.~,:~",,~' ma•ko•d,.,. a loun rb nut;.~ ,,,.Ji,i•J- 1 u ~l• 1'h••rr .,.~,., lbort ~· t ,.., o r "" ito r The Cozy "KaiserhoJ'' . ,~;:•;.::.:~t't:~;;'~b~:7 11;0 , :~: Th•t kn ul of '"J'd l'~<'t< •buill.! ht' l <hrt' lh e> f J'OOr folk) lf:O a,.pugitlo g to oor.n•l tha t t hf'• ~uh ... uho! fur thf' Buf 29g Wlllt.m Su-t, Co r Prau, _ Butr. lo, N y 11 .x...,.....t ~ "'1 '''""'""''"'' tbe ro~b· \\" carry o11 r Cl<llpar~o:a !alo ~rah.t and k.,...p nb r u~ l cf th e - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - ~~~~7~:~:}:::::{~.:~·:::[~:~~:~~~: : : ~:~: :~ :~J!~:,:~(~~:E·~.'' ··~ ~~::~;..,.',h,• /~~·.:~:r..":::·:~';. .. :: :~~:·~, r;:,:,:",,::·~~.:,,:~t~~~.:~.~,'rnl"m 1:nbo•"~'~••~~ ,!", :.:'nc:'~e:~ :::~=~ ::~~~: ~.~.',•:;:',<>:h·m~r:•;:..:J;;,•;>~ Tobaooo•• ~~:. !!~=-~~ron~~r~ 1 1:u••lan Teas 11,.,1 1 ,~.t 11, ~a!IJ: ••lllu r. .,.,,., 1 ~ , ' '" U orh ~·l•r t om;:,w: ltn• l1:nno• ul' ro lt uffalo (or fo1lnw8: thr l''fl"'"" uf ,.,,,...,...nl in Jo:, in ou r aim· Ins,.,.. \' ork Stue 1hrro• w11J ~·:~:,;,~~~u;h~:k~o~~: '!:.;:"!:';;!~~ ~h~~'.' ,~:;-; ·~t ':b:~' .~!~ :~~~~~~~ ~~~~:.e~""~ 10 ;,. :,'~' I~"'":" nootJ•I•o~r. l 'rot~r"'"~"f Cll rPn~ f'heUura~:•nJo: !hf' ~.:"J ;:~t ~~;·:;'...::.:.",''.:;,:', ~n~\~e ~~:: 1.',' ,'';~. : ..'';~,."',:·~·.::, , t•arb •rm.•·, all of ''"""'''· "'~"'''"'•~ " ::... ~~~ I ;~:::;;•;• !Ju~:;~;;, ::u~~=~· ,,::·~~:~~~~: ,.:,":n~o~n •:,~J>1u~¥Jj:~~~~;n:or0:~: !':,:~.~~ ~:,:h"1~~:·:~;, "~::,,• ,:~,.;;;~ '""~'' .,f t ho '''" ,.,.,, "' ' '"' •., ., , 11 of tb" onl• ''"JI'n • l s :.:~ ·~:"::· ...~~.~~~ ,. " '.,,. ,, , ... , ,, ' :~~:~:~" u,, ,. "'" ... , ~o~"' \\b•• t hf l''""~•'•on .,,rj,. ,t 111<' ll aol hnd lb o :w~. all h<to L o ~o: 11111 .,.,,.,~ 1 ''"""'• J"~ th• nm~ and.,,.,.... ~:olutrol nnol ~he••••' "' ''" h•nll'r and wbrn that llmt' tom ... ,..., wltlj>rotl'l!d ;:,~~.'~',~,:: \1.~;~·t•;:·:·;·~,71 "~. •:,:;~ ! :~:~"' . ~'L!'~ ·::u" ";'h,7:~~~:~:"~a::;•;;r ~:::~ ~~,'~,,~~.;h;,0:b;~ ':::,1 H-~ Grft. nl:~~~· ;ou~~o1:•.,::,/:,':'': ,::~~ :~~" ";~:'~ o:.,~h·., ~·~:•~t~ :~I "ho 1.,.,nll '" 1 u• on•.,... h ... thr ''"" 'l '' tX ~.:~:. (.:::.~· :~:~ ...·;u;~,.w:::n n:~a:: , ;~~ ~~!.:: ~:f u:•' ..·:·th:'',~,~~~ ""' tho tbe pre- ::u:;;::l=:::a;;]:J:f., :~:~r:•m•. cu LTORE NATU~~~~=~~;:&~£~~~HG. RESTAURANTS •011 - · , . "':':':!·~..:=..~ "· ~~;i~~~.~"'1';~:":~•'·1 !~~~if:~i~:;, '"'" "' "'~ ~~~~~.~~~~ ~~i~~~ '" ~•bo ;;~~J.~. ~5:;;~~,:·~ '"'"'"'· ""' ' ""'"' "'"" of <'• """'"'I"' I"-'" ""· Ill ob• '"'''''"I' "" '"''' ,._ , moHooo "'""' 't•l•g• "' tbo "'"luHoo •b<b ;, '"" '''' "1':;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;;:;:;:;:;:;;::;;:;:;":;: :!. ~~· ::;~,:~ .~';;,:,:,~:'. lo~h:.:;":;.: ! ;:~~~~.'.':"~:;t':n~•~" ~h"i: t~~:: w;:h ~~; u~~~-~ d~iflt:,. 1;:i,:;~~ 8pu!f8 ~top hem. :::; ;;~i:i:<'l:m f:~e •;~ 0:e;:~u;o;;,~ ::a;:r~o=~~~;:~:;: ::'o~l~r't:al.:t~ I ' a! ....... " ratbn ''~OJN"~·· Thr~· •I~"'"' f··~tnr~..fuur l ,•• , ....... l ho~or......., h••l&l rr.ady . "''"r l~nj.: _I>IMk rul-e. '<'O't'rll for thf'm !Jollo. . '\ -=·~:;~.~=~~\~ ~--~:r·:~,,"'.:~nbotf~,~ ::~~:"" 1;: ~~! ...... ; .. 11: '"' ~~~ ""' ' l•nn• l nf tl <>t"' · Tb ~ f our l.uttlt•, •~•" n>ark e•l a • fol · ~.umbfor "j:.:":; ,..~~\/'' ... ··~··eut I'!K'Iru l tir~ J'fOJI'UlO will....- ru• Tb·· .. a! ... aim to tbe n;,·in,t: b .. tbe l>eo:olr I<> the l utetO'IU , 1 of 1111 t bt Arf' you" SJ•USf -~e• \'ork Ga ll. Thnfl ar~ fot 1011 to O'OU on elf!'<!· •~o:ain a round the h•ll P. SPATH ELF DllAL.BR 11 b r• nebeuf tbt T bey llf , &~ca Strl!et ALSO REPAIRING an;nrrnrl' ~in,.:injl[ t%~f~&~ t~I~~~f'~ ~~~~~¥¥ meetiap. ,,:;"",.';;::~: <;.::::.~" ;:"~;;\?.~; · Ea1le StrHt, tbe aecond and f ourth Wednesday .· e~naiax• ta<:b moat b. John P. Wannemacher REDUCllON SAllI ar.lll SllfS. PlfJ Suits and Overcoats St.. , _ al s.... ----.------- ON W'HCli..84AL& AJID aaT.t.n. ~ 718 :;._. , Gi lberlt; R•~" 1'\-Jo:~llera~!. N. f'nmn df! J " ont. Hope we may ujoy blll!t h. .Sbt' •••11 't glllll,ll alon g, but fli<ROI ; Worry , ld iu n erba llilt•lorf; anoth1;, 10m~ ftu ~l"Y· Wa.lt t ill tbe did p to .~be • t• tion .•ith ~·" 11- It'""" H. 8hl'rma11 ; War, S11rrid g~; Jt..,e lOll$! - lh io an•l around tbe •o m•y ·be •~ rould nll It a Jfat rlld, Miu Sn rritl,e; Ita« 811idd~, n o ..·er Ci ty.- Let th tm rn""' uy e>ltl ''kid''.aapJ>iD~t ( e•pe<:i ally when . :u uiHJ• on the traia. See 1~. )1 ;..., Ada Whitm ore; C6m JII!II it loo, had a bully time, ud carriN z ;..P.r ; I~JI('r...Jat lo n or Wo,.,.u, llo._ oud im t"'""•ioa • of tb e J ... ut.uw itz ; Wa ~o,"f' fo!l ..,.,r;r, lliu Kall - rad ~ro. And we aiiiWIIl A ''"'ol•-ea'• mn•·emerol .1. .,... me>wkof~ky; l'o •·~ rt y. 8. n ~ rr.o~. Su•b t•o of tloe Coar"'d" of t hat a • tmc ~al...;1argtl1 beeaaM wu u ... Army of · thf' S ~glli .. e l.lr;to·a. l.lh rlfe Ball, a •ul Ul!r&if' wo111•n b l oyal. ~o tb11alu· Sodal i•tn '• l•11.ncb • ·u nat orall,v a ~ ('arl<'lllike<l ou r jfirt. IG Wl!ll asd .,. pr to work for tbe Cau ... all'air It wu if'<:ll,y IJ.. rtlul \'oul~r. llf the.,.l•nrtill lo( t.i not' tbf!1 . woo>.IO.I<";·,>til" ltor'\111 lllUiti pl,riea: tbt' f!tMolali•ar j;lhr •~ tall lh<l ~: r•,..• ful , aatl !'art. but •f'nl a 1 far .. l ao li•idual in t"- Ot• • •e rlao\ from bos•l l o foot i n red. u~ ("ith thr i:ir lt , ,..,. meaD ). ,..,., r o\ f,n,..,.. ,... we r~ boror loy !bat 1 ,..~ ru rh ... l t h•t bioollllng t own. t he ,\ff yoirwltbu• l .We put on sale' for this week.$ 12 and$ 1350 Suits and Overcoats at S9.75 ~::~~; ~::.:_:;k,t.;~:~~~i~~:~;·l.~;:~: ::~~~~~~-~~~;~: ttohn~; ~~r0r:r :::~~;;: ::,~~ 0tik f~:":.~•d,; •. ";~ ~;::_;....:·.~~~~·:.:it;m~!~ S~~al\\;~:::: t lm:~n. tn mah ~ IODJ! •tory •bon, , Arch-Supporting Shoes !Hoots, 3Ao•I&!J/uiJIJ#rS J, ,, ICHUU' 1011,~ !330 ''"f"'· rej•~Nf! tol · daliat tiOII day. (>lrlllf'ol in n.... with 0111 ~I t hO' ( h•• oli ol n 't want to ''" it, but ,..., No,.·~ ; Amuornornt IIO!<', Chu r~b Do1;,., l•i~:Krr tl111n bf' ioo, •n•l ~" Wf' l"t"" lluJ'<' nn•l ,.;,.J,.,..1 The \'a r· du "II' •ill) ••ul orarchl'tl tim~ ioro• r•·il th\n ,_., ur ··nn•htoon• tick~t iato el!'ftt. I am. t <> I&)' a we>rker can u .. n on ceau welfth of f ood a tlay. ltl•euytoaitattbelrnqu<>la .O!Heapltail lt plly inr;thebill e:o<jH:MiU <liDner to loo k down worker uanlafarior bela$! not 1•1 ~il or u good food ::~~:bt~r;': .::~=~• ~~~ ta litt •,-.tea put up api 11n tt.. t tbe,r fear will depri\'t tW.ir tnm f orta bJ.e a lary. .,.onl<l. in flit! , •llow ~ 1·ery m• n to I de«11ti.T. and $15 and $16.50 Suits and Overcoats at PIEIEIT Till AI •lid pt lO Pu c-t I:Mtcooullll E. M. Kohler bo•dl" ' brindo.l Btst Shoes in Buffalo at Rca.10aahle Prica 1274 Genesee Street �J " \'!TAL ~T TO EVERY BUFEALO SOClAUST READER OUR·JANUARY CLEARANCE .SALE The Great~st Sale In the history - iJo 1 ~., Wo...e•'i Clab f 1\'e ..~ tbem all ud we s!l--• -lfei ol t•t• •·d -•l..,,_,.l., 1 a•n~y.aJ*tbi~•• with the u.~ ~i•l*'- Jian;r J.. doing. •~·l 11 welM.>me ia the \\'omc_oll 'l •~·• it I• t ile iatralio • to 10d:e s .. un•lerl•l year of wo rk l llol J>ro!!''" in tile &H:ialilt prop•g•<~da ·"':·:~g ,~:: ::·:., lf )'1111 ue the IM&l be IDemb~rt ~~~ /lfll:e. Tbe Pn~paga<~oi.ll COIIImiU f'f! reeo~n· The nearness of inventory nccessttates our making a complete clearance in all departments. We realize that the best w'ay to make. this 44quick and su:e" is to give bona-fide bargains in goods that appeal to your needs. Every department contributes its share of INTEB.NATIOJI'AL 00N08£1J8 POSTPONED. unexcelled merchandise at prices that sweep aside all competition. do:::~"~..~~~:.::,~ %~';:., ~::;~t: ,. !~r~:.~::.t~:7!:r.,·~::r::~~brJ.~h: . If you are anxious to ecotmtnizc - to get the benefit o! extraordinary underselling -- ~~~ r:~.'o ;::~.~:.!,.~v:;:~;;~ :: ~c~::;•·r~~~~~:,,_:,,"'r;:: /!~~~~=~~~~ ~~:-_,a.~;l::;, ~~:~;::.::;;~hi:;;'*~~ you should come to this sale at once. Winter is fust about s,tarting and for three months, ::•:~,k:~:~~~~ll, ~~ \\·~1 }:a~le a~rt~t, :::.~:::~~=7~!~::0:~;::::~d:r~ ~=~e~~:~~~~~~~::•;0A1~s11;~·, t kb '"• .. tlaal t he l1i« -i.al e•·eata ol l ure oo .,volution f or J>arty mt'.Ubera. perhaps more, you will need winter goods hadly. ~~~ ::~: a·:: ~;~;.,;:,~~ydo::u;., !~ ~~~:.,:;:~::,~~~,~~~ :::~;::~;:::t~:! T~m i• ~"" 8ocial~11 in t~e aat.ional ~.·:~::::;.:;;::::~~;;:~~:::::~:~: :::.;:~:~::2:·~~~·"!'·"' 1h, •·Ill br ~"'·" tnut h ID or•ler i<~ lhf to g 1ve tbe inle rHted IOOI'IOa ' Club from JIOWon. n ll•l thorODII'h . S.m~ The goods - all the best quallty we could obtain; the prices - in all ca.= reduced from 25 per cent to 50 per cent of the former prices. as you will See w hen you Visit our stores. JHJLOA.Bl.AX SOOIALl8TIIl. ;_•~·;: ';:::-.~:~~:'•,;7:k ,::;:::.~' ~~k: tte; ~~:~~~t~~a;.., electM to l""f\11' & ~7:!::~;::i.~t:.:a:~3~\~"._.;:;e ~:·;b;·~~u:ti:::t, ~~~~·::. ou~b:::. :,k~::~;.~~ .:~~:~~~::"~. '~!J~:::!~i ' Tbe ":~~~~~·;~·~:• 112 1\-.,rn'• .of Buffalo_Is now belnc conducted at both our stores. rOIIIU t to d oa.o ' IF YOU WISH A DOLLAR TO GO FURTHER THAN USUALCOME TO THIS TRULY SAVING SALE I l" l< n ' " I' uoder.taadiaa Are yon a collector 1•bil0110pbyaodthe IJrlnth wudir~t"" o! Siegrist & Fraley Trading Stamps? good thing- an opportunity to tbe 8ulb lo ·~ If not. you are missing a get something whtch Is valuabl~ and absolutely free of cost. · • ...... _ . .. ·81'1"CY'e'IY..aeWs.r·JCU ·:t;lSOO· fw..me$~lse-y;ou..,recd,I!'J:. .S..~r.C'.J:QJ.. •.dJ:;r.Qurlt Jn~b~J.Af.ro~ ..... ...... .-. of trading stamps - just double what other stores give. Investigate our stamp idea. SIEGR·IST & FRALEY .Rslr f•r taylor-s 1ct CrttJm . v•u will rtmtm/Jtr ,,. .,.,...., " �THE SCHOOL OF C~UME ~ol the leAst •iguiticamt of th e educati onal institutiOnli in our tOIIllllllllity i11 the ~~ehoo l of crime condu cted by that oruament to j ou rn~t liluu. the BuiT11.I0 Couri er. · , Thl' IIC hool o f c riu1 c ill conducted by th11t emineut Ja tk UoiW. aometimf's called •· Bald ,JNck '' by his who ~J o !JOt wilih to COii \'C)' llllY dillrcllj>t!Ct by thil name. Till' llehoo\ ill o•on<hll'l<'<l in tlw cohtmuli of .th e Couri er , session• of \" ll.r~· ing lcugth llf•inf{ hdd t••·er~· ~u n d~ty morniug. The Couri er JIIIOWII in ita pros)Wl'lus, [1Ulllishe,l daily. tim! nuy young 1111111 \ o r WOIIUHI Who ftlithfuJh• lllltlies the \eSIIOIIII Jw J'rof. J 11ck U01e. for. lllt"rh· of tht• St·lif{ Siau~;htt•r Institute, will become proficient in JKK'k;t-pi<·kinf{. 1-(IIII · JIIU~'- piKin I\ lUI filii<')' ll!I.I!-Assimttion. and Mil of ;~:II~~~~:~~~~~~~ Htul IICit•tlcCII \l' hich hatve mHde the Selig lllltitute 110 to~~::·~.;~~i~~i:~~~~=e=c:~,:;: ~.~~;:;::,::.v:=.ut ~=~~~~~oc:b:ul;~,~::~~.:•,:g .~:~e• i.1t111 :O:mul1:1y·~; !!t'llllion of tlw •· I n~ 1\'l\11 l!l!Jif.CiKII y inter~1ti ng. money uader th e •loor. Among tlw IIIHf< ' lilrikin~o: lt·~w mt wh1<·h Wl'ft• tlrin•n homc at thill It C ~Ia ~~~~::r;:h~·f ,~:.~~.r h~:i:r 0'{'~,:·,.:.~:~~:~~::::~~;,~~·~~i~;~-: it .~·:;·~~."~o l~~~:~~:f~; :"o~ht'~r:;; "..,::~a ;~,a~P. at ::,: r,~1';;: ~f :·::::r~JI::.··IO ·:.~;~~~:~~~::.~.~~~>il~~~l'~;;i\l:;~~.~~e~t:~O~~ •. ·,:(IIlii· !::e ~!~~t_t•n~·f:~!:~~·~:~:;~::; th·e Conuno11wtallb ill t o lie u.Dder • b11.1tle for aigiii!Tll to tbe !•ledge to up aud Uuee tbeu H U. beu tallli111 ulte .!lady ttee 111•\ wiab it in. ""' '•I '"'"''""'' ""'' • •h·e"iaen in tbe Du.lt'alo Sodaliam up aDd down t.be eity, ba\'iiiA: on.e .,..,., Au6tber good -y it to edu· i Fo-ter doe-, it would • ae•·tre attaell of wllat Steve liUo.,ey nte tbe workiu~ t' lan, a~~d ,IJI!t hii•Y ;., SO!IIE LIST, belie•·e ll.f. eall& "t!w. Soeiali.tt n.eulee. " lh tbe BraaebH. tloored Staa.lty oo Sa.ilay_: by tbi.t qu• c.utlfO!' NOW AFFORD 1'0 DIE. l ion, •' OH wllb, FPI!d, you. SoeialisU HVlfSTLINO B.B..UJOB O!fll Comrade Rothr •a,.. that t.be blgla _ lla1re tertaial,r rut tbe dope! Why l.:omrade •lluti11 lb _iJier I• worried ot 1;..;111!: woul<l be tbe dstb ot 11 do11't y011 tell folb about it, a11d 1, becauH tboere.are only ~Bousb teaU it wan't t or tbe billla IJiread ~t aro~;~adt " l ,.fOO i•ol'le 111 Col umb~.a .TurD 1 Sow tllat we'••e rot •• . Tbat • l'~lly IOIIfl"b, wben .r~~;~ Nil· and lae .., .. Br...eb OPe Will ld\•e '""' l ........aku ath•ert iling i11 tbe BulaLo lttler t bat heel h.a.J hftn talktllg SoJ>t'OI•Ie 110 ""'"1! tbe 1.tare wben nobod'l' •bould ,.... t'lalillll e<rn ill bit •Jeep for the tall 1 t.yreum lf"dUtH bf,~;.,_ Wbe11 tbe dyios OD that. u.eo1111i. lt. yea r! li e·~ p.robabl! tokl e••er,rbody be treatinr. tbe ad<rertiaer !:~~~~~~:~lldtah;,.bo':,;' ~:"'~0:::::~ ;:·~ ~: r~;,~" 11:~ ~::.:::nbi::._nruase 1 t Q•:.ar~: e::·:nTOIIa~a:dta '.t~h th e nlo nr·.·· nrt.·r ,"011 ·,... · r·ronkr•rl' ~·our . lllnll . •• •' Ji uw to ge l trlltlt• of tlw lill"f•ll>i who \•·11nt 11 Jmtnh·r conuuittNI. '' Fo r tlw l••·twfi t ,.f thr· mnr.• timid who hetti tnt e 10' tllk f' up th e tOIIfl"" t hrtm~o:lt f•·ur nf tho· fulti n~o: nff in hllllillf'liS rlue t o iol'~ni n COil· 1 · 0111 ra.J~ ll<'nlv 8drlabit; uy• b; \' ieti""'' J,,,. tho· poJi,., •. l'r~r , Hmw l!nl~lll uut th <·l<l' •·twunruvm..: pros· . ,:l••l lhnt noiJO•t.r.t•uttbeCiau JWt·IN : • · J~ns !11<· fnh• of l ht·~<r· nntorttJll~ !l'lllllllt•/1 to whom nmr<lcr "" tbe Lulll t..- ht'ln)! ""'••l•·like ;~~~:~~::r'.'t~·"r'\';,•r·~:~:~~ ~ ~:~~··;·~~~~o~:;;~ll~~;~~<:.:.·~l111~~)'~'~~~ ',:•~tilt:,:.he t.~~~~~i~i; ::!; ;~r;·:}Ja~lb,.'' ";/~~;;,- th .. 1Jutrk•·l prH:•: hn11 ~-:on•· u p l!lllt't' th r ltnsr•nt~nl_ t•JUif'. Totlny the that ohouloli!tl l•un~;•d " I' we'd be In a T omurrow-ho·•·nusc 11 1!1 the only trade · ~•~o~IO!!OM·....;tb tb e ,.......C'C,.-~,..cl~~'!duoot.W~_.cu,.ro:-U.t~ll~4~~'il'l?! •~li~l~1 t · fall ulnpail!"a eomio~ on! Na ~·nu ~····· th .. ~lump in hu11in•~!l i!< nul~· tetuporHry, ch ildren. ---'gorillu ~· ur<· l~·m~ low . ', ,~ ~::.· tt<~~~~~~~,l;~n!·~ttj 0li•~tt:t~~ 1 !';,~j 1., 11:: 1 .. !lll!l< J' II· lo·!UIOIII'I <"Ill\ he hnd Ill ull·li<'II"H >illttltls. ~~~~~~ ';~,',',~ri:~;·.:•· ~~;:::~ ~~~ :·?:::,\ ltt' ''"~\~:~~~\~:J",:II;·n!::,_sni•l n~nillHt l'ro•,;idt•Jlt T oft. it ill n fnrt .tho! hc ~~·~,:lr=~.o~·~::- c! : ! :e to ld a Ly.,<'um titket to e•·rryt-l;r in bit ~ llot• ,.lrntJI a IJ\i n,l man anol be uy1 ~;:~l!~:~.b,:;~ :~e,~i:f~~·;;~m.. :.:;::~t~: , l "honoJ(rat•h rt•cordt. It'• a hct tlaat :-:u t•ppr<'IUU'd o•la~ ('n·r wo:•. ittl' f'IIIRm·i"pllt inn by whimprring: to ,.,.,.n tbf ht'~t of litcra,lure l•n't much th 1· "I'Jlrt•sJOCMI ni>Olll to•forms. ,:<><><1 to a l.ohnd mao. li<·l into tho• Y ou n~ \'t•oplo· ·~ :-:o,·inli~t Ll'll!!"llt' if ~·uu Kf (' not too oJf\ Ill t•njo~· lite plt•lt!!Utl'!l of the ~'Oitllg . , I TUSH, TUSH, BE C.A.LMI W.- f.,._r that Comra<lt C&Oi''" i1 jut! Jl.Ez:IN 'S &lOST .AGAIN. AftH • ft!IW La11guisbing lo(Jkt 1.1 Ole I i ~f fa ir ~IIIIi•~ from HorbP~tet, l.:omrade Lou•• Hn1n feebl •Utt' lilat thry art' tile folb tllat "p11t th e ~tir in Roche.ter." ... ~:~~.. ~:on't 11e1 any l""e «'llb for Cllrl•t· "\'.,., that •1 wbat ,.. 011 told e I• t tear. lint on the tl:i~ qvlP t , lmtlidn~t heliP\'t' In Saota C\auo J..t :v-r, atul 1 ~01 ju.t at m11~b a1 any of the other ki..tli. ., Thtn, •• an afte rtbOUfl bl , hf •"nt 011, tntl):";~.::.::;m,. ~~~·~~~~~";'i~~~~r i:'~ ~:~.i; ';',:~· ;~~~·~r:;·~~:~~··,·~ ~o:i~\;~1,',~.' :~:~:;':::;~::~;· :~~~ 7::::~~~:~~~: . ~..:o~:;.~::~!a~a~~~: ~!: ~·:~:y~=~~::~·,~r~~~ y~~·~~~ '~:.:::~~ is •. ill � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-01-11 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-01-11 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n032_19130111 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n032 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/3e1647e2fad3c88f0f6c0ba5f3a8c19b.pdf 42703ad3501e5fd8397ec9726f9fabcc PDF Text Text LClOit AT Till! NIJIIIID. 0/P YOUR ADDRESS LABEL lP . IT IS eiJI'I'ALO ao,q.wsr ON . SA!% AT NI!1VS STANtiS • ~ 32 WEDNI!SDAV TO SATIJRDAY YOUR StJBSCRlPTION EX. ·PIRES NEXT 1VEEK Vol. 1-No.JI State Chief of Police ·Long Threw· Girls Down Stairs - Work 55 Hours for $2.50 Poli~en Too Handy with Oubs. oft'f'n'":li::: ~~r:mtb~l~•d,::; UIJ f or tbr wia tt:r. Wt<re wit h· 11.11.! wt re wiltint: ,,. work at tbrv eould ~~ to dn. Some· th...n "reiiiV of them wetl' l bf' uim; <>f hc!ing with- (,(TTL); t',\ LU5, ~- \',-Tb~ ,tirl~ TM~ on top of her. .,.,., ..·bUt mt:uth~" of t bo Stah! llocartl ut Arl>l· he "'' aa tahlin;: !he bulhlial' to ll11•l lht t .. lion, acl iag •• me<liatotll in the , lrik<! J.,a.lef'll.. Lit tl,. t'all• t ut ile • tfi kf', whkb h.. Yrot ~r•la~·. ah•• ,..l,lrd, 11 roli~•mall lu!MI f or month~. be~tan takllllf letl i· Atlempt ~d to ftlrt wilh Jler wbilf' ~he moay. The tt r iker• J••e~n !eol !heir wu on f>kkrt dut~·· S bt t old lhf' blue. aide of t he u...., flr~L all "''iluH.H• 1~- toat, ~hr .r..rlue.!, t hai the •••• mu- l~;,'~fj~~:~:~I;~~l~ !~{i:~~;~~:;:,/;}~~~~~;;; ;~(~~:,~~.,~;~;;~~~~~~~~:~ :~~ to 6 1~ m, Ant\ takinJC .-.~ry lillie time •hr 1111,J her b1uJ1and li•·...J in 111 "'l!!hl· luatheon tbr bao.l on~,. matlo •6 in roolll llnul<' ..-it h t,.·~nh··tbr,... othl'r , 0~.~~:~~ o~~;\i2 !'::::,;~;~· ;~: !>e;;~~·:·~hi'T~:r;t~'"''' thr..; •n•l four in ·. ·~: ~ :;~ ~;i~;:;~i ~ .:; ~ ~1~; ~/~:;~::J~F1itW::~i~l . tn.dl" union dO<"tti ae of k It io rt•port<~l thlll :\l tl. GN~rl(r O. llu rin~o: the inn~ti~tat icm hun•lt~h of WidenH ha~ inotru~lt'tl t hl' •r~ll i t~ ll fl r ik<'t• jllt hered ill thr llrl'i'l~ Anti tht n t h~r 0e,.· •·lila at !<ro'l'Wj'lltl t o inrlucla JoOiit<'l hllt no OJ'JOOrtunit,r IU W at Uf' in t he plan• 1u 1 ad11illona l , 00,. t o full . 10 light the looo~ II d;lliaed mnt the 1hipwreck. The workfra eannot pia.•· t b~mouey game. Iago ad•·i..-tl Rodetijlo to '' Put mocey in thy J>Or~"; but it wu IMl that Ja1 o ~ould hi! 11kkert 01110 it. The UJ>loitHI 11o!eJ>II 11 getti11 g t heir pi.c:ker• int o other Pf!Oi'le"I!>UTHS, and now thev attn t he poraea ot t be trad.,"a I t ;. ~ertaio ly amu~iog tu note dufl 1Mlli11arity of thll U·l•italiot a od their he.uc:biD~t.ll '!fbear•·•r t heir number i. caujlbt with t bt• I t ~-Hml t hat tbe Re\". JIO<•hr. . merly o-teupying t he pulpit of tht Lin· wood A••enue Metbod ilt ehur~h. but now holdlDJC fort h at \\ <'at lield )J,..,,. , poor. hnlf ·I Uf\'ttl tutile wor ken. Tbe firft cou lli~t <"arne at lbt l'hot<nix mill~. wh.-rt the rolire de:ue•l lh<" •i•l.-wal..., o f ma••<"•l joirkl'"• t he oeco~ on ~la in !:itreet, wbert tbry difJ!(!lllf!d tbt otrikeu "_IIIII&<!.,. Th" l.oard rontinut•l ta king lht teoti· moo"}· of atriker• toda~·· Ann ie KokiJ, • machine Oj~ntor AI thO' l'hO<'nix :::~, :o::tnee~ ~~~.::·~:' 1 ,•;,';:;~ ~: ~ ~~~~· ~~:~~~n. 1,t~n1 ~~:f.t:J~• ~;o•,·~: ~:~~y 1 :1~~:~el;o;":a:~e:, c,h;~~~~.~~ , : ; mo•t deplorable, • rt 11 _,,,. h:r nature of tblnj,.. that 110 1 oord 1n. t~ll tbe .-]erkl or r&f boe r al.>out llf' l l trtk"r• h..aolqoarter~ t he <Ia• t hf' u! unn""'""" !u.s, waite wu arrr-~ted 1111d ron feu.e1\ , hut mat! .. lttok<' "''~ rallr•l a nd then thrtw three ·:.:.:::::::::~::.~·-:;,::.:::.: 1 ,, • loolog ooo "d " " '" ;, ,;, ' ""or Odol. \'ou know what woulol hii]<J"'II will ha •·e to IHiite .11nder thf. ll• gof Soc:ialitlll. one of u. cammon l>tdioarr men if we did tbe nme ;biof{. would ay: '•Thre. montha, ... Subo.er•be for tha Bd&lo Soc:lalln "."::.l;~~::~:::·:;:·~:;:r:~ smLTRUST WISHEs To sToP STRIKE BREAKERs 0 ::a~~.,:'o1l::t ;u:~•roe~ e~:~~~~;''pr:~,:;7~;;~b~~·r::~~ ~ of ' '7te ~~::~~h~ t'0$1 fi ,OOO,OOO. 11 will lw the mo~l luJuriunJ room in Xewport, ~h·• oayJ. \\'h~l <lo ~·ou think uf I lull for lf<'III'TO.• it~· 011 lh<" 1•arl of t he ,.·orkt't&f llr,.. Widener or anv of he r ! rlenob or rela· t i\"t'l of th~ .en.j>ltnll~llr. <"ll.. will not tlu 11 tDJ! or -all their lily white hatull lo lmildinK or furni~hi nll l t. y<"t they will ~nJO) ot whole the me11 who l>hlill ol !:P~~~::~o~:b;.,o:~os;:~· 1,i,:~ mouth":~'; ~ ~~rm:~: t;~:. Of'<"o being ~o;abl!y." Tbat'l the i . UNLOAD ON.WORKERS __ ' "0 ·~"""' A ,,,,.., or ;o c ;o. einnatl to t..a ke till' J>la~e ot thl' ttrikio~t t oti!J n•inn• io Wn t \"irrioia were in· . Tbe newa it beralrl,..l in the :'pita]· ( orm<'d by the )IOiice 11 10 t h.. ir Ill· 111 l'~~u that t he _Sttel TruH woll ll_ur- ten•led u~ l.>y the coal O)IO!tator•. and ;:~;~·:·e~r~:;.·;:;•;;:_.:~:: ~r ~~~e~:;e~ :~~Y~~~~~· .:~':~/~: :bi~~e•~~a~~ ~~:•";:,::~•-to ~~::,....:1 ~1 !::;;~: ::'edk ~:·:t~~:~~bre:~:,~~~~,:- ,;:;:•; 11""~~= 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- l ~nol owo~n. an•l lnfldeutal!.r knocb f'ai>in c ·r~ek di&lrlrt o f Well \"i r~rinia. ":n,,,.,rd''<l J>hilowl•by 11f l be r)an otrnj:l(le A ~trik,.·l>rukinl( recruitiiiK ajlrney atot<k~! bat. wu, ol'e"~forl heJ>D'J_.,,,e.-orlng kind o f tbe Steel Till"- A1 if men to art •~ Urilr:e·brrakeu. The ""oM not be !Uitcballt'cl by"'"'" hir<"d , l<ow••·er, were 1101 iufornoetl an~· tione and pla<:t at the t hat l hc r<• Will 11 otrike in JltOI(tt't>!l 11011 it It 11ow otfued. To 111 it t hat they were t"o be uH<I a• 11rHce· i f the TruJI Ia preparing to breakera. The Ma;o-or of Cloti11oat.i inill f <-OOJ dapn a I]JKiaJ l trUC ted the [>Oiiee t.lepa.rtmenl to Ja • otlt"k that Wall S trl'('t ba1 form the men who had ben engaged r·.,•.,,.,, upoo. of the eu(t ~1111111 of atrair1, a n.d UJIOD w1ge ill the I IHI on beoa,w oo formad the men wilo bad been f9 \\ 1t b tbe pr-ntpncl! blted re fultd toj•roceedonftbeltjOUr howml.!l' Jbttet 11o ~ oupre· ney toa.etlnt b~uj>ac~tended tbo~U>andtoftla•e.ellgage•l ~ .:!:".;,~~;0·:·~:~:::~;.;~';: RAILWAY~ JINz '"""Y' COMMISSION REPORTS .. . . of WHt \ ugonla to lnvnt •. o f Cllll 111iu ... !~d up to t be 1"- 111 ~be «-al l!.eld, !It report. A•w••tobe · STRIKE UST "o· ,,.. •• .... The nilway)lne. In the wntetll por· tion ot tbe count ry, alfected hy t ... ~trike now bein,w carried on by tbe thcrp feUerat io... are the llarrioun lioN, eon1i.tioR ot the Uoioo l'ad lic, 8o11tb· ern l'a,ltle, llou1too a 11d Tnu Ctntn..l 8111 Pe<!.ro, Lot Aogt!lft aa"d Salt Ci1_y. OrrJ!OII . Sbortline, OregoD-\\"ub· lof!ton lb>iiW11Y and ;o;a•lratioD Colli· Lair.; eao::S~~~: .!,:,';~:: ::.,:~~ Joa~y, ri~~~.e:'w~:::~~~,s:~::::~ O"o1ted Statea i1 e11thltd. Ia and &.!~the llliaolt CeotrroL WHAT WOUlD IT BE o~,.~~:=~,!ba~•':!.;;::;:. WITIII\I IT-THE WATm? to tile pnitentibry for trivial RIIJI\IUI Ill\ • . «<mmi.uioo!aillto &i•e . to till• pllue of tbe n . boD.nl of .Un~clol"l e f ''e 0.11· a matur ot fact, tbe ware, L.aek•-• aa A Wutn• b.-e II• Ia fno,...bll to lll>illl , tbe clar-H I qurterlydiYid11d ot :"'I pe:r STOMI~IS I ~~~''3,-J · U<tdtt aa S..laU dooble hre of a depnnd rid iag a eat ira"era.-.. '-wi..- re.cll.q . .uer lna .. fth &d"tJo,~.U.: FEU~'"ES l~"'YITZ"D TO c.&.T BETROTI;IA l... ~ 1 wit.a u t o of hi• o'"' mout!l tbe t nr.t" · ~ eoart 11.et.d t b t t bc .,.. polit in.l a.H DOt ~oal i mac."i•e ry of t be"Su t e'go•e,... eut, Tbat mea•• 10 per ec•t for tM 111.e .n1 to Ulle fi'Om t ir-e ca1l lllioc,. of J"'lllll. No' to bad. bat wbt would .it ' " .tate of Lba " Charity' • ba ll, t be State t be light t.. 11rr. .izc .., aay be if tbe watf"f wu tq-.d n t flf It t 11m 1n1 produ~ by tM Clo.arity otber r irllll •lllc" A1111TWa• dtizea pra.ia.tiea Saciety to p-or• tbat '' JOOY· ue •Mlly para1t.Md. fri; twltht.utl. n e Alde~o - - i a . 011 ..,~ erty I• a cvabll. dill':l•,'' h•t e;tbet tk -.~~of tbe report or,.,. e -· boildiap. b•t t-f$!.000 1Mp...._t o.;',::'=::zr:. :;.~..o:l~ ~':~~~::~;:.~;•relenly ~ ~!:'"~ ~-- tt•l:'e:!!:••w~:"n:~ pilp 11111~ tioae ec~m• w11.eo tk if yea lla..e t •l lalroen -t tbt Suto doaiJ lu•• t "ft eu be bd "-J for~ . .lr.tar• Jiat of &Ito y~ 1111..... Delli. Wbat 'ii 0.. td .. t WbUe 1b1 T\a. juq. dlddtd tltat it .-.. net Let a all n - about It 11y eU•~ wa lo.a-.. ,-.. t• *-' tt a a....-.ry"U..t ·O.Orp deo.7 1'-e aar. a rtllled1. ¥.U !t to q ll yoe~ . . ,•• 't riptlo orauiu a ad to ..n tboair Jaber eea •ieU.a ol. aa~.o clrh·.., ., • ....,. riap. aatlu )11Jju eoeW. Dot awtar to l i - t.o d eliYif it ia plrMil.. n.. pat' at· tlie p:rlea bed cpn u fah . ud to !t b.buelf, Ill aot -~ ~ cflt poat will ba clolq h.!:- Ia tial ujoy tile prlriUrn Uhaclld to dti· qo to PI'" latuc:li ~ . . . . . . t.. tM priY&tl wecWl.llj Lli&\ liiJ · -atr--~idOL seuottlle&tate.ia.W..-.J~IIIlltl. a ~'a.anlat-.--+ !•rilalt �tFil(illtits •nd 0.11p~lnfllltllts 0 ARB'l'HB 0- ·~intst In Bu"11lo puees.c!~~~~lf#~:! ':.'::;&-~~ar. faen.l•up. l.a1&_,.. of tJM. f~·, ..., &M UDder\&ktn • bo·beioec tiD tM butt wttJ sell 70P th&& Wedeldlldl wtii' MTU 'o.pplJ lite' oo.d• M ~ ....... 0 MY ANSWER" Card Party and Dance 0 YOUNG PEOPLES SOCIAUST LEAGUE ~TURDAY EVE'~, .JANUARY 11, 1813 FRANKLIN HALL, SZ Wnl e•glt Sfrftl .'T1CKETS, 13 CENTS MUSIC BY Yo Po S. L. ORCHESTRA Under N • - M•naae~t: · 1 Bia Noon Dlnnel"-· 215 Oents The Cozy " KsiserhoJ" 215 Cents-- Our Peter Klippel Ba8ement Jlutu&l .Lite Bld&. Entranoe em Pe&rl Street L IN'G BOOK ljld~u• e••, f•rt• strlp~d l'bur ., ••ltld o ~lll<u..td Bound in trun silk cloth, t 8tamped. 35t pa.(u Obtain this startling book FREE For two yearly subscriptions to ,tilt' ·Buf'a lo Soc:iaJi1t two ~nc:wa ls or four six mo ot)g l ab., the book w~l ~ 1a1t FRBB. 1 Remit S2.00 a'!_d we ;.viii ~end JOU WAR-WHAT FOR? and two dollars worth ol Jubecrip.Pnn canb to the Buffalo Socia1illt. ~II t bt: curd• aud tbe book will cost you nothing. SBND IN vo'uR QRDBR Now ��r, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1913-01-04 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1913-01-04 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n031_19130104 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n031 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/90178789d343ca3ce53dd85abf39e457.pdf 17456d88e409b6a235b9622d34e4d5f7 PDF Text Text BU!f..U.0·~91'l L00Jt AT THE I'IUMUR~ VnoNI!SDAY TO ·YOUR SI1II5CIUPTION l!ltPIRI!S NEXT 1V1!I!1t s,U:11 AT NEWS STANDS ' sATORDA~ YOUR Al>DRI!SS LA8I!L - IP IT IS ---,-r-'"' ~ . I Vol. 1-No. 30 Price T WQ c.nts �J : 2 HOW THE "MONEY TRIJSf' CONlROI.S ~UR (?) BUPPALO SOCIALIST ~iJd/ifl'ts IRd : . 3liiifilllnlfllts . - ~2'- 'lintsf' in BulfifiD ; pile~~I(.:~~ a;:~;:=.-:!.r:~:-~~~taMftl-~~· r am..,.ref1flhefacct.bt.IIIMG~ -bo...ao.cu.~Tnlll.nu lell""'lblliYi tldUSodtwtll.nw.,.pply ......... •~~. MY ANSWER Tb&l.yoo•nlllla.t~tud@UIJ'lNM INf-IO fandMU...., outAUI beretnquoced Jf'lll af'C!d ~.., •een'- aiMI _ , llold &hbt ..d~ UltiOl ... )'UUftOI'lpt., Outfit No.2 =~~~~~~~~:-:!~-:e-t•o~!lfl, tnr,burl•l~~'-eoiDplet.ecueamt a&~. ToWillltl •• $43.{)() Outfit No.3 =s:_n:·~~:.~~: ·~~~.t:~~~=~ blli'W a.ltfa black or brcnrD Mb\1-, bf.:.t h-.ne, tlu.e e=-. euat»lm hlJ:, !J::~:lt.. Oo~p~~ c.a; ~ au~uda~c:e. • • • . $55.()() 0utfit No.4 ~~:.~!r':!!~ji=.::,~=!'=-:,:::~;: •l.x handle-, t'll(R"eo:l name plat.e. of hurb l ., ~Wow. outaldt~ QI.M pia~. ~lh b:w ~1~~~=~~:~ir;,.b~:::;,:r:. ~!~i':-m;-h~... $6G.oo I OUARAl.'Tt:E alltbl ~~ flllrul~lleo:ljnd' tllfl ~n'loet reudetf'Jd tn.. IJI! far n1pe:rior- to a.urlo.mbhed 111 ant other uodt-rtaker lu Botralo for We t'r orbltaut price~ thf'J will ehnge. • Bell Pbotle,OJ:t'urd ·llll Peden).Mrooe 8781 E •. WEDEKINDT · BIG PREMHJM Olffi( THE BUFFALO SOCIALIST FOR ONE YEAR AND THE APPEAL TO REAsoN FOR 40 ~ BOTH FOR $1.00. The re~ wbocriptlon pice ol the Buffalo Soclalist for one year iJ one dollar, Send fn one dollar · for your renewal or a subsaipdoo for one year and we will send you the Aooea! to RusOn lor 40wcda as a P'<Qllum. Eurcne V:bebs and Freel D. have been ~Jed and you will want to bop postecl. new w......., NATIONAL SOOALIST REvmW POR ONE ~ The rqular subscription price lor both publludona Is ~2.00. S<nd $1.25 and we will.""-! you The Bu!~ ~~list and the lnt~ ~ Rmcw lor Therj Is-. time llmlt on these offers.. Get Busy Nqw. �_,. \ BOTH PKOHI!S EDWARDS- FRANKE Plumbing ann Gas J'lttlng N a tu,.l Gu Work • Sped•hy .!J!I.rr ..,._ 3'. TllfU. CA/,11-.St• For strictly- all wool and' wont~. extremely wen tail-, , ored and a guarant~ of a , ·aM·iog of $3.00 to $5.00 on • . enry gal'tDC:nt. A fullliqe of Holiday Nec:kwea r, ShirU, ' Glove!!, Hata, Bath Robes eto. :THE EJTEBPBlSE ~ �rn~o~~~ · wui'i. Ptf11USKaD. Y BT nta BUFFALO SOCAUST PUBLISHING COMPANY .,_,_., YW.e.p.-.wSaor IIURid.O,N. Y. --TliiKaDLD, ~ PllA.JQt~":'- --.:.=~.~wa- ._., ~PibS J .oo,_~,SCk.a ...,.. u~~~~- ......... ,..,...ta .w......_ Ela.Wred uiO!IICODd..:l.- 1111•Ul:!l' .lao• 5, ttl!, at. tba poo:t omc.a Balfalo., N-Y~t-. D.Dder the,Aa of lbn:h. II, ISN . SATURDAY. DECEMBER ,U,. J9q · .,,., ON "SUPERIOR a·RAINS" T ho• ~'api t ~tl illt •·laJQi, rt:>t.;ardl~ o f itll d egenera te waste of h uman (j(, iu y,·hat it te rn"' th t' ' ' li ft of tno Je, ' ' i . -1!., contpeti tion , is al""ay1 ha r pin~-: •on the ''IIIIJ..,r ior bra ins, ' ' wh.ic h, it looal;ts, l!u abl t:~~ it to oont rol t iH· \ "K.!It botlit:'l' uf work t·tli who Jmbmit to 'bl:.ing ~:.-round into the dl.llit. ·· :..;ul"'rinr hrii!IUi.' ' iud .. t'( l : .Just si:tP up t he nn•rage br ain Nl Jutd ty of D••IHII'ar .. A\'••nne Anrl •·nmpn r .. tho• reauli..H \l'ilh lhe un~r­ Willin rn l:ltrrt't w.,uld \!·in in 11 wn lk. T h r .. u)!h til·· u u .. h u rn nf t h t• l' lll'itn l i~t no·W!!J' II J't'r'!l t h o·m!lf'h·~ Wt lo· Jtr n t ha t .1 . F r:tllk l l wk o·~·- tho• nllo·l!•·•l ,Jcgt·Uo·r HI I' 11 la~·;· r Hf t he · .J o~ · ·J•h h11.' . wit••. I ·~· lit•' w a ~·- hus •·onfu .o;....J . t o t ht• t•rim c, "Nupl•·.'•·r ,.f l11bor . hu\·irn.: u;. rwm~ "-" J.{iHI.InK·rr uml tl!ii iii.S for huu ·· \\' ,. kuow t !w t l l nr:r.•· Thnlt' is .,1,....., u <'IIJ> it ulilll . .l ro·n ' t tb('y ll lin,. pnor uf · · ~upo· r i"r hraw•·n;. ·· ' " J•ll r!l d l.' l~ fn ro· t ho· wor ld ng o·lnss: 1 ll l,!;r' h r!li ll t:II P"~i t y .,f Wi ll inm l:ll r-..:1 ~ it~ I ll~;:~ 1'10 : J,~;:~~~; <'~; '\~: "; ~:~·r~;;~'J ~~~:~:.';:.'~.~ ~~~...~ ':,~:.;.,~~lj: n11 1]1;i\l';;'~;:;;::! \'~Ji l :.';;:;:',:~·r;;;:' :,,~·,~,:~;~~.~~::;::~·.~r;:::.;~r 1 ; 11,'.''r::~· i17rr:·;:~f'~f •;•:,:~~~~~;;';i<~,J w h~<:h ! ·holl,.;~·;;;,~j/'',::. ·~;J,:;:;'~~';:~~· 211111 :•;:~. [;~, ;;;:·i lr~r~.~~,:;:; ..~'\~~~\ A:~~~~:oe '; i.~ j rwd lriH 1do•11 H of uri in t iro· ' '" " "tr rw t imr of nu ' '·'· s~o· r: ~twU . l ~o_'(lf't•kt·tl i Jnll lll<t un 11·hi d r l•.ol;.... lrko· n tlll lllll do·por in ! ht· w""Tdll mush roo111 ' '!'it ~· .·· ;,. a fni r ~HlllJ •I o· ,,( tlr•· · · si! J•••ri ur lorn ins'· l.•·pr o f SUf'i'(_.,_-.,fu l rn un "homo n l."r ip u11 ti ro· '"" ''ns uf li fo· rwt .. J,., J 1·.•· th l.' wo rk i n ~.: d HS~; hu" h roust ht pia•·•· 1111ol l'""''r '/' Jw ··~ UJh •f h l r hr;u n~< " o f wh io·h tho· ~· >< po•uk M o p roud!~· iM IIH' I'l ' l} 1111 11hilrt.1 t" 1111,\' d!<':l ]• :u ~o l In "'•II olo•Hr. Thnl bi all t h~ r·· i:; TO ·'lm.~t ! · AT HER OLD TRICKS . ~~:~~~~.~~~rr:::;:~ ·.::;·::~ · 1~':h: ~~~~~~ ~~1 ~·,•;,•;;;:· 1~~~~:~,·; ~.~ :~11;;. ~~~.1~~r~~~.~~~;~,~; ..··;:b.:1 · oki: ·p.;i~i;;1 · ·b·.~i;1 ~~··~~d ' ',b: : ii;l~~u{;~· :~ ·=~ ' di.i · ~~;,; ·..·;·j~~· ~~~~~~; ·~;.i-','i,~ II JN>II tho· tl o·Hh nud lo l(to •l "f t ill' uufl>fllllllll o· ~hop]!irl wh() i" 'dri\'<'11 •~qui~u• kr pt lady of tilt l n!cre.to, th e oot u y by • 11om it.,.... "belieTed "l eratcly ~•• out to make thu ;••••••· ' """'"'> • :;:.,'::~·.··r• t tu~ *:j "r $-1 u W+'l·k Hll u J!H r llnl pn,nno• nt " " th·· ··~ost o f ht• r [ ~:~;;::~c~ 0 1';:· ;:;;~• :i~:;" l:;,ha ::: : ~~~.--..~:t ::: ~:.:~::.:::.:b;~!;~ :~::..~~~·::':~~: !:,e~::y T ru ly. 1\o• ,-.11 ,, 1 ll' \\' 1dt!r '"~ JIIUIIHIIII.I' t lw prot<JH'~'I o f 11 "' "' lid "}'Mto•m I b<>u d. mogb_t be for apr.,.d!D£ IIKh a li bel. graft of t he buen liH n ~:,~.~ ~~~~~:,•: : :::J! ,:~ 1111::~'',.:', :;·,1:,1•;:',' ''::;:.;L~ 1 :,'.';:~t.~· ~;:101 11;,~~ r'~::.j;··~;;::: ~~::~.:~ ol~~~~~~~·~~:~jL:h:••d~=;~t.Nlfr~~ 1I ~.:·~~~ :,:eao;11;b11e~t!t1.t: ~=··:~~~~ .. 1 hn•·•· t ...,.n fur u,. 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T Jr,. j.,rtl ilt ro f IIH<tlt IIIIJ rdo· r<·r" cten~tud, fa11r ylln r·• ll'"•Q •~t\la 1111 aod " ••: t:•::,::;~~~~~:;~.~:~~7~ 1 : ' ' II"' -"''""'"''"·--A~:.::~i:f ~==:~:;~·e the '' I}..Ja. ~---~ ·- -~.;~~:~~;~r~~~; ~ I .......... ;.,,.. Ill impre Niaa tht •wilt he 11 1111 11 ~ of oJJ f It wit\o11t •ot lo U~l t, ~'t', J:•:h;:'n:,·,::;·, :; :;~:::;:t.:!',' 11 ~·~~· · ·~:u:',l ;;,;_~.~ iof,( l:::l~ . ~~!t~::•~ta~~~~~ l'llttnr ' ~------~~~·~---~-~=-----""':'--~=== [ o! w1~:t :~!.~~~~~~"':;a::.:.~,": ~":~ ~~~~~:~i;~~ii~~~;;~;~f~~~~J~ftlliti~~~~~:o~~~::~:~·~·!•"~'··..· :~·i·•~~~ ' I M,........ up rtw >< t u tr '" 1. Ull ~ . ,. J,~·t \\'1 l:;o rr . n nd h•· Will< .~ pcnking for tlw puUiw prin t.~ ~ , • • \\'b~ t d""" t hi~ •s I' • ~tand fu r l' ' l . . · · qu~."."'' t h.~ oud •··h ·.J~ P!If' ~. .J . I "" I· ! - -- . IJ.own e&o>e tb~ polief'ln la '' !t>~l< T~ .. mot• o, • u pa-.i by • THE DlSAl"l'&AltiNO POl'.OOJlN. l loi~ h~ad aerompanie<l "" t lor r ~ m u k •• tbp lb..,l!rl! uf t he ••~d a r llro. n .u ntl •le """'~ pOJ>·c orP ball• hy the f.Op, t bl t '' hl! '<l ·, ... rh ·~m to , ,,,,.• ;.tea t af ' .be OTIJ& II h alloa, tok e(O moat)' of th w-atl'.r trorb pie r. 1"';.;~~~:::,t ;·;:~·; ... ~:vt.cot ·'!If'" the: :~~·. ,~~: ~·:;• .. :::~~~~·:~fo ~~~~=~~~~ ~ ::~.~~~n.. t~~~:.:,tu..!:~~tati•t "'~" :·~;~::~·· calli.. \\~II " 11 •• all Hull MO<""'fl "'otb l11 .. ,J, 11 J>rol~tAT>a n u 1 b11t ot ho<lo ' t In the IIIOTR>ng t he" wer~ aU htou~:ht i •J'I'<'IIble \\ C. T U. :7.~~r ktloo>ll: ....- T .,1\ ,,..,l the hoon I beec fh-tJte neo~JI.borbood of tile warm befo re ! he poh« Juol~~ and vn~e '""'~· ~' ::~~: ;r:~",::'::u~~=·~~~: \o n oun r .-.,., t hnt' the :-;.'l'tlllt"t P 11. r l\ luL~ ~~~ ~ u ptur~ b) t he J esu r~s Oh t hat • 111 Tl)! ht 1 uu ·~ J~"' 1 ~tnol t!:,:':~~l>'>l>~::: t~~~ m•;; : : "1', ~~~~~ ~~,.7," or :;~ ~~ tblo So w maa l!nb ' A• a rule, t lley .,e It IS <\ Ui l' lll llr rt t t h tll p u blll lltHIO kti 0 \\11 11.8 The ?ll l' ll ii('C doc s u lol pp• &A lhou ll b • ou Wt' re ' " you r ) would f,~ b..lter ton; th ai OQ th:-la ll ~••h•mf, P I' l.nr•• ' ' rdannla~" tbe 1tarnd 1n rt1 WITH REFERENCE TO "TREAOHERY 11 t hlll \ f'{'r tnr u nllll lut buh c JOii r nu l l >llll lll g Jts >< tat em('u ts on th(' ft~( l II ' lat ho lu s nn nh tuLi' l'll o r th e ~cUIIJ8t !'art) , lntt crl ~ an ' till\ :;r:~:-~~·~~ 011 I I I . "'"':! n ot fu ll ) uml• r 1111111tl t ho IIH \un of the Socralurt mo ~e rne n t rJ!f hl ''""''~ • J oe ' "'l"'" drd " '"'' oad 1-&,. 011 •ome ooft por-eorn, rathe r tll oo I ll ir..zone r • ent • hotr ••th ••II• a1>1l •ho ultun• tely after t ryoar to '" '"'•~ ff tilt ~ ru l r~<t lllO\ <mt nl "' II (.'Oli~JilriiC,\ of s.'C r('t manr p u latol'!l l ., a a<ler<'d oo bt' ~b...,rful I to ..... ' ' t herci1J' haor a 1111 ,, but a • • ho•I~,J ou t t ht poo r lou r t ufforroa a b• l "" th~ • artH paid lbcuu In I be 111111 N: lot rr t 11 po n n ~.:~n m ph"h lll i< p rt lnft• t"lld ll t he rt- 1\ 0II Id be ('t!Ulle fo r 11 tu feRr thl' lu rk in !f 'pll!!K' foo tt11 );(' IH lw' n; of tJre Sot tel• of .J l.,.U~ \\ho t lliiDI~lJ 110rm th tr r \\HI 1111" t h• st."''fl t llll"(:t tn~PJ of SONdlo'!l "lm ~:.,~ n;:c l7J: 11 ~ ~:;~..~!'~ ;:;-, llh< 11 th o re Rr~ WI\ - - -OVEB.WOilltiNO WILSON ( omuol~ J oe Hall tello of 1 roaeh lil"': fl'ts t o be kep t fl ml >PI! a hu.o ky 1 th ough 0 at ~ ~~ wor..n -~-,-- o:\e~ Cbn;t " on nmxPB& " .w."~'"D~ lo~ of llo: ull • V::; prlol• t;.: ;~e~';le~~~~~ ; .::, Gf t he Stc.J Trail bu Jut aold f!,Ofl{l 000 wortlo of e..aaoa 10 t ile fCI"UniQ~~ r of a.n., Tilt P"l ar• lo be - t •' ever uted at aU, i• malll l•t ml aea .,oror Urc re r. u n t an• af th e t>O Jl'U' ll otaade r 111umlnK of •ou r... tbol IHr llaooe lleJlll rtl:lln l atorH, .ell them for., thel•ul!ena r IGO!lO'!tJ' Of IJ It •a boll• at t ho t'a >T Aodi ~o~~IM of t he un l • u ''"'"1: I<> ""• II on • •l'-"'""'"D of H IYeo fnr tile' ml,.ratile eatotn~• •bltb maW•!~ Dfe·:.. l 0~ aul!orlll( rroel t t d ehn>tabl~ Comtl><lt o •llo knew whl , th~ l ii U IO I> phllo.o pby ' 1 ~~..'::~:ll,,;::!:.!·~~: bae k on t ile aod 0111 ;u;:ra,, •;/~=et~•~::'~ t••• ::.: duii ••H•••t~aborer~~:e"'::::::!~ •.:~::':a b~::~~t~•:t'•t~:.; i~. ::~~··=~0 fo;,;·~~~· ~~e~e' ::.Ci;; j~b;hdle J>rorppt~7o re• e~ " be d:l": • ;:~~d;:: :~;~~~~;! ~o :~•th l! I Oll><JHrlt~ ll-'!l t o 1)(' l~tL~hed 11 1' :n~; ; 8 :,,e:~:,•;;''::~:~un p;:~':~~~:,:; ~~ ~:~= ll npp th th ... ~ utlf 8t lll{r\ t m ~ lll 15 nu l n( t lrn t t • 1•e I t 18 R co n o\Oo" t t lll" of ...,..,11 rKOP!tru•ct lon ~ ot T('!ur n• flt' IOUS ~or llf!N ! m ~ ' ··me n l v f tht .~o: rcn \ 1\ 0fk lllg ela!O!i. ·"h) ~hom ld . It ha•·ing: ,. di:'lm oad dri ll wi tlo hi m, J oe :!: :; ~auted. !:~r \ri' :.'~~~:',l(:,'~:::~:t~::~~ ~~~=~·~~~~· ~~~t ;;~:~at_'C~~:~':f ~:~~hot~~:; ::;n~~.:~e : : d ~::~~;tei 1 t h: BJLLY'~ 0 ;:•:,::;:.:~':!:; l .arb, a11tl tlo t buMh *C'~ re le11ed ' :spel::~~~i';: .,:.,:: " re~~·:• peo~: Ad tloo th lliJ be'a0 ~;t ot b lh• I A! th n e~ne rged, a uo•d of t llou who u e 10 eager to u pol rl ~h peo ple flel tllat A•ur lean ·~,"!lpu • •' ~ I !'llnol~ of s.;.,..,h1t~ gree ted th~m with frotu t ile orpoua lio n ""ld~:m tly do nell ware- for tborm '"":'tll 1 ~. B~o. . ::;:;"0~ 111~ ei:b:0~1 =~~ .;:;;;~ :~~;;: ;:!~10ho.;:,:•:!.il ~at~:n:~~~~ tt;=, •-:f: "•b. r.:-n:! -..u~:~::• J ;.~wk.':: A , •• no w . hut it11 o· h ni n " ; t hl'ro· 11rt' no '' leu( \(·f!l" t o R!lsa!lliinltte, b('ci!UM- t he im.pa tlenl'fl ' t bfo na""Y " WPII, Com ratlt 8 .' 111. P~lhJIII f Bra ne b l ureptlng the in11o« nt lri•b.man. • o111d not be 10 rudy to off1111d t ill •lalcll they oag ht to reeei.,.," 0 111 ~otreu~,;t h o r t h~· pnrty is in t!w nutSH. uml is not \'~lt'<l i ~r " I.NidefH. " my God, aomebody't t ot to .... ~le tlo~ :~~~~::-·\~: ~ .=~~~·o;;;:' .'"b;: .lh<' m~~; ' .. ".\\'ell •• 1'1_1 bf. bla• tod:' : u.id bl'. "pitltnr" of IOc.if. ty. 111 ; 1"";, probablyNmt•be.r the .,.u . 1 11 1 11 1 .. : .: ·:: 1111 and ;, u:r·a ALL 'u vB xoa BY t Steel P',... 1 meat~ 11.~ nr c wit i1i 11 \ hi' pmw r o r t h; JC!llluits. h.im Uld. • ent on Ia ta l); \ to &IIOther ~ial~: :'bit~ a~n •.''::nnat >o a ut : ·hlbt t h.e : h·U,'• it. ~~en I 'm ~~·:: That b,..y little cllf! koo of degnerat~ ; : ::• ~~~=tl;:;:o:.a,';!;!...:h:::l ";;~ , , .I t t:ull unl,\' t:vlla• t l.r ruu~h a fnilu re of th~ p a r t;>' to be .t ru e to it11 ::;~'',~;:~~::!,;::! .:~~:..: 1~::! lr.aa:.' rl':.:t•it ':•.~t~.:.Ut~o .::~~ -• joornol i•m. Mr. William Al1o fta11dolpll were' tort~ to olue 84 blll n a • e<"k ~nwut>ll. T~l:ll lll>~•ltlll ~~ to t•:hl.l'B h .' lhl' wo rk mg cla.'IS t o th~ ~ll.i!t ~hilt tbt l' ""'i(lf Dt baa t-ll aut• to do no•, PWJIAT IS 80CLU.l8M' l gvy l ba t 1 oinr .... h 111• life !~:aur ;.,:_•l~lla~ t'::o::.~: ~~;, ~:!ln111 .t '"' IJft rll:'lllllll fr"!' t 7 t o t8 1..,r ltll hnpo• l'PSh! It> ~0 1.1 tl .\U l r \ . .t o ~ l !rnl y re~uke t he JJ:Oh!Jca! JUg· ...it bout rll llll iog a ll of t be fa~t o.rles J u lll Bri tt O..arity tell8 a good noe ,_. fl~~e, a ad he«nrra oa t J ro111e, 1 od 111 ' lo ..:to ill o rde~ to 1 •eelt. J; IM'II w ho wo u ld ntt-:: m pl t o J! roSi itu t e II t o. tb e Lr p etty. e lneB n e ~eB, t o ud n il rud • &Dd farm• aad, oleamaii iP abo111 a ftff _,r-cb l!gbt io 1\•• Y•rk. l 'on hayu, aad ali tile tlllll 1 don',l; 1 ,! ,.~; • tl u 11 10 "tl'OIIO onl ~..'' A. b, ,ret, thot dear old Jn t about " tlr l' throt~~~:s,~~~·ht.~r;~~ ~';J;;~f~'l . ~~r '; ;o.~~·~·;a~~l~;!~~c~~.~ .'~~~~ !u~~t :~:~; '.:~~~~~~ ·d:~la~~:•,;o:ou~;:t ~:~~ ~"1iu'; ·~ialitt.• ~· 1 I;,~·~;h~: P;:::,~~~!~~~~ ,;,So=~ 1~ ; . ~i~tilol~tt ~lt~l;~~~~~· f:~r;:~ ~;~~~h:ra:::~:~g:;st:~r~;·;~utron Tt;,. fu ture v f th e . worl.:i n ~ ch1~ rn o,·ernent despite rests ehieft~· pa,.. t~; :~~~;:-~~!Truly, 1111 way of .the ogi tato r ~::::t;~~~::::~ut:::: l'::.i.~:~~: l :~~:t"~~~ t ile 1li•ll it '•; . 1 with th e ;;·"!~~~~~:;~.~~:~ :.~·· :::~~:~· ~~d::~;:~~ntri:~~~~ch~:;:o;::~~:: ';;!,. a~ut at ",s.!J 1110~e~,'. •;• :::::·~;::;:!.~ · MIQHT MAKES RIGHT ~ ;~:~;;::d ~~~ t!~ ~~~==:~!e!;, !~~on, ~r. . lb. h lo ,:.IMu:o:;:~._,[. ~,.:~ ::~!:'a:dlr::,~~~~;-oa•IJ~~~:~:::::,~~~ Does It l'l'lllin'd ri• or. La wmlfr. ,:~~t ~:!:!~!"".::r~lna;.!:a;lon~ . ' .: • WiUiam J, Co aaon of Buf· wh il'h i Ol'•• it~th l.•· nml with s'll·i ngi n¥ st r ides is h u teuing BOCiety t o the T ba ~a t pahbcaleTtliU Ia Eo rope A.ll .l b.-. ~ooqDt rnn ~•II tbe111Hln s foun u t O!II pa red Willi t"- of tloel.r Su ~ e .- n. IIIOlleyl Aa d It '"~"' made ll>e pn ,..111 llel be •l•u&btf!1' ~ d ownfa ll o r th .. l"'lp itu!isl ~;y'ltem. All o r th e " trettchery ' ' in th e ha•~ .,..a flln~ldled • buDd ut e•i.· Cbnlhlal; ."'.1 of tloem pre~f!Ud to re- ...JtltiDIL . •o~ k · ar iiiiD 1D ADt-rl(a &&Yod t l a •lllo l knl, Jf lh• ...ten taloa a aotlOD 'III'O r ld 'lll' ill 1101 hM!Ih·rr ur ..._,18 rd !hill ~~:d •·a n ee. di!D<:e tbt the nlen ot ata tet ill their p.rd tloe l>ivt111e IIW, u laod dowa ill Til~ tke old A 'l'ai('C prlDtl ple of WH k, whA t do..Y"" tkl"k wosld bappe:a to ttart 11 war wltll Ctroil•. " Bu~. " nru~· i~ th~ y ou :q>.l'. " H t hi11 .so. th en Sociali At monm ent hll.S n~t h u.Jtr 1 ~ llll wr t h Tht' 11pproue hmg l'f!\' Oi u llo n ~ nd th e do'll•nfall o r <·a p lt• I',"UI· , . • . . Y t>J~, It h11a. .it IIi Tir o· m L..,.10D o f the Socnthst mon:me ot , both tb e po l iti ~al pa rty Hlltl th;· .'"-'o u omi ~ organiz.ations tending in that d ireet ion. t o educat e the workm~o: claN~~ t o the rkold aropportunity wb ieb eomt5 witb the bn::akd own of t·apitalism. he-ralded 11.lreatly· by paniet eur bt:;.'O rui DG" lDOrt ! requ..,ut . b~· at rikee o f iDcrea.otin g d e~~peratio n and bi tt e:r n i'A. by gro~ a rmii'S of th e- property i('!IB wandering abroad in th e land in m~ and terroriring the eit ies in winter . Tht- ed uu t Wur o r t be ~i n)! dftllfl dOM not de pcond u pon what hap~b :~op~n":~ot :,!!'a~::;:'"':.:..~=~ ~ri~:!o~=d;111~ :0•, t1~::::~p1~.~! ~;e:,~ .~~~~!a:":'::! ~~~ ::.~h::. ~~:i~er:::·~::"11~ : : t ioaa. They II&YI! adl!'d, u t loey a). .,.,,.. do, to'II!'V'd od w:r a.aliou aad tloeir nlen sadP.r tl{e u oru111ptln that migtlt -.tn r;pt 111d jmit .. ente r. · JN"iiCII ~·a d-. •lol~ll by t\e fOIJlDrall atu dan1 of monJity Uld jurtl ~• waald be 4nouced m•;llal ia Ulle ltirhftt d~ • . Frue. aad ep..ia tah.e ~ Drn«<, Qe-r· lllleeoJJW u\CcJ.ccr llaly tlroe =~ •,, .to~ar. ••e ri,:llt-oaol ue11 eo.. ider 11 tll eir aecrt"<l duty-to po11 irJo Ia aay .. iolat io.n of thio Ia• by iodi.. idaah; u d ..ll of t keon are pan i ~• lady H • ere ill, thoU ~udem 11atioa of s.;.,ialio111 •• a "tom· moo dllllfl!r to law, ord..,, mon.l ilr and -\ut. but 11ot luat-prope ttr . '' \~""!aim t o t bi.l or t.h at ltadet; no r to what el'for1a are mad e t o di. 'fripoU wU""t They ·the illviolablllty flf m&lilt or t~e d~D- - e e t to c -t 1:11 ••• ,_. propen,r·n 1ht a. aat! rab w~ _.,_ ~~ Soc.!a l1.<t:U ~ te !Jmg t he1r ~p. nr>~hos by d ay a od1betr ne rgbbo~ pie ·--. di.-tJr eo.cnaed Ia 01- t ries; tbey prO('lalm tka ...~tlty of b:t n apt . . · • . dnla. TIHr ro.,. .Wed Ran.aa ol• te• llla•ao t;r.. , • ••I •o~.., • n 117 tloo- t~lt ~~n.• It dt>peu~lB u~ whllt th,. ~·t lllllg:)~.~~~;e:~~11 ~~~:etl::~~d=:::: ~::~t~;"~~~~~~~~~b ;•h~h ••lr: ••• · ""'* porT.pbr, they "-"' ' IIOt~ dfHtod. our 000 • WHk or ti,OOO,OOO,OOO a 7H r, . llttlo o..er t hree timet a. mllflll JBqaiiJ' u the total •.IIICIDDt lll d rnlatlo.n Ia Alllerl t • l :• oat," ,• r• .'Ill!. iagn110111 on l wllo t•u•b lot 1 t lorlllo!Df t '+'llty tbu kU ...-n beloiad ~hl~ll bead u"t', ~' l-et 't m pot it la t he :::olll to lllde tloalr 11J1y •bapn an4 -;~~· ~~~~e11 ~ou~"r:ot'): ~ ':Bot tkt bu.. ,pt fat 111 laaaiiiC to 1.,. ~pia . • h.o llf'O!d moaey ; oot b,. lo•rdiaa ..a It t. ,.U• rfltll oat otMT pee- r&.riiiJ: 3 ~·,lit Ill! Jt • "'" e" •..,.toody roac.Pt,io• of loiRory: To th.• .troaa .,. tN earUo aad tlla frp.ltl tlttreol; mlf)it . . u. riPL n 11 weu to re•l· ize t ile faet.e of lol.tory alld • ot ai.JttW 011etotif to be lm.-H apoa by tile u...,. ..,_, ..a I•..., = 1 e:; ;Je~~~~~.!ll ~~:t::~ ~:: ;~h~~:·o,rr;~t';.~'X.!",.!; ~~=··=~ !:.:':~::;;. ~.:!~' •...,. ,!iC:Ioa~ a~ f-.t~alYer;altJ-.Iibruia, ~lonrelioK capital i:rt t lu s hu bou nd tbe m , We need DOl \\'Orry 0\' l'l' ' ' IM!trayals'' ~a r--io• • .U. --and topiH and tno...•h" r »t:L · .. e<ll ltl'-"1 .r die p.,.,...a, = peaple., u th ,.•,,. t oullda t io11 of wUt lipt of. tlroe twu.tletJI t ..tnry, alld ~led! Bftaue: deaf heart, tl ~ T.....ljr,tou IJ.-lloa"" llfila* _. lloey . ,.. piC'tlod Ia eall (.' hri.tial:l ci"· Ulloq k U.... 'l- CODIJ- ll han cem· • HJt pot latG t be tod: of e•err •orlll· dllt7 at larp , k t It 111'+'01!1' - 1111 to lliza t ioo. All nf tloem auu111ed tho pellad u. to oar loo o'III'J.I!dp of lopoo w-oald --.n jllrt • h011 t t:.!opoo,.. eortor tile faeto riet, tba,..• orkabopr, tb l!" t ile / ottrer t illt-doeed to their -IJ' liau j poueHia ll, bol t.brir .aperlor aitltu7 . - tb.-iU..,· lll ilt'l, Where t llfl worhn u a ea-ploltfd. Tlia .,.ploy~ at ieaat , u e oot at all .U..tn'W b7 lt.' 'ftq kHw bow tu ..,uak Nlfcloa boa·. ~. aiMf thel~ t!'Jef toae.tro '- bilal- - . ' K aa1 -ara waatlar Pf'tloua t llaa lv fattla opeonolad••• urn tM ' ' uaJuw• · =~.;';..: 1!:!,!. :r:::. ~:,. ~ th lla-.W. tllltl ., llfa. _.::.•_ __ :R- - h did 7 .. • •d aebot!y -....u t• .cherUana lu t _ ,., -r-4 itll - ~ · Quite • perpkldar problf'!ll for u i . ht,.fu , aar ..-atl• oltrllHN, abll teD' borlr 'hal V r, "BilUfllt, lu't It t ootJwr. to 4a. like:wiH. _n~M:asQue _san·a~ @roAd~ay Ar~~~ -~er· Y!~'~ 1:~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-12-28 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-12-28 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n030_19121228 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n030 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/fd37e75760455336ece505f32e038189.pdf c79f72759bb50080ef0aa34199288afb PDF Text Text LOCIItAT1'Jta-a. Y O O i t - LAJIII. IP. IT IS 10 �, ltarting ID tbtl Thil .oerib t ogether 'fl'ith th e ' wi t h '" '"lt h '" ouonl•; llodr •·itah ty ~~iJ.~:::i:;:::::~;.:;;:~;r:5:~~ ~;:, 'f:~;j·:~~;,~:~j~~~~ ·: t t.h<' onnouu8 11•.._..• _ ~onatao\1~· t ... ong iu- ~ n<'n l prnJ>agandllt. The y b ah·J, " " II•·• IHe u>aurtld~llt t o J>t: rm lt thf' •uui NI I ho w to cb., &H: ragr • ·ur k.,_r t o 1"'"'"1'" bunae l! and l""ocn i bi1 aubj«L i ~:~ ::~~·::.::.:·:~:.:~~~::·~:::~~~~~::~~~ : :·. ~~:,s·~~:~:;E::::: 01~~ ~::~:,:.~~·:.~.~:~,:~:~·:;:;:::·~· ~~:~~!:; ;!-:::~~~.~;~~~:::~' ,:-~::. ::::~.' ., J lhr~o· . ,.-urkcro ,.·hi r h w<ll permit them Retter rrad It and kno." how · I ~:~~:~~~:~, ~::, •,::;•:..::•:'~ ;.~,,~~m;!•.n t ~~::: .:~';i:,reru 'I ~) U Drn•~t"•l! '~;(.~.,. . I D tb e or lot, la dung I i n thr , R.. •· iew 1I1<1W juat whut ~b;:;·,~:~\,:1 :~.~;:•, ;,•:~ w1~•,:b . ~::~::~~';'~;:~ j ~n ~o::~;R!~:~~~ , ,"'·:~~~;:~~~~ :;;·~ l;~so~: •:u;:n,:::~:~·~~;'" r:.~·~~~~~:~ ! ~~::che:~~~:~;el;"~:"'~~~: ~.~~~~;~ .I . obow you bow tbe V ac hic c ia 1 ,.., 1 ~·•1~· ~lot hoi, obn·~.,,~ ..-i t b cold . ,. .. • ~ 10"\lli " o"IOi"""'l..,.llh hq~&ur. J>OO rly Joa itl and l lfr'""t lli otory -ma krr to-day. . . l...;n :• ;,:,:;::·:~~·~ ~~:.~1, t~::.,~~eM:u 0!.:;~.~~~ th::•·;r;:.i:::•:., 1~1:111 ~u~~:; ;:: ~~~ of labor. l..:a'!Lrytr Vaa Allen Jet !.be ta t of tbe bas j 11 trying to • bo w ol!' :n:~!~~~:::•.,;s~~~~~;=~~:.~~·,.,:::.'::1;;:~,.::'!::; ~i~~;~i~~~! ~f~fft~~ ~~I;7~":~.=_:~, ... ,.j ".;"'"' ::·:·:.·:;.,'":',.: .: :·:·:.·:~~·:; ..:~.~:·, :,·: ': THE SOCIALIST VOTE ....~, ,.. ,.~·"· "· ..........., ~ BldraloAJf.nlfor•~:=:~~=~~~~ ... ~._ .S.~ I T••h••no~. ot...,., Bell B R_O,O Y 'oiPhtt- and Ru..tan Teas Pbolle. a--nt 1M-J. FroadLw SJ ... W JUt.m su:-L. \ IWaoiLI&Lo~ aiouall•· t o th e onfortunat ... throu);b t he · ·: : 11011111 r.·b,.nnrlo of cb ari t~· . and ~:: et h•·or· W f""""~ · a ble. publid t . .. r.n•l continue r~o.i•· in g l doll"ra from th ~ ""ur~CIL of al!'h~tion. · Slat~• l u r lo••Lng I bO]"" tb i~ lctt~r woll 00 · •· · 14.17t 1•715 40,1U IU th e w.,Jt.fed, l il! .. k, ~ ~ ing-wro ni>·•itb·tbi• wo rhl. U 4,Ul 121 ll r. Mil.-. with the ~ilf~;~§l~i:~'- ··-- 4 I no lOS<"•] ~"O IL "oll forJ•I "'·'" olo n•tiniL t o t~;::.'"":~ .•. .. . . . . . ~Ii;~ ~ ~: ~;~ j :f /;~i l~;{: i \~;Iw: :~:·;:,•E T•. P.A.lD ti onJ•tu•Lolr•. 1 l ie~ •:·:1~ 1f~:r:.:: ,\~b~·~· a::.~·~h:~:.:: ~::;, 1 IC.HLDJtof t he l ed nr enw•ll - It 1~ du nob le-t o ~; 111."c'~:•:, :n\1•:, ~; ~: •our dnt" nndcr ;~:" ~~~~;.~, '::lllf:~:',;.ti~.:. ;~;0 ~ 11 ,,': ~;~~~:dofe:~:,::t: 0 ~~m lh t J,n~··' """"'"""'~· ::~:dOll: :~;:{:. ~~~ ol::!~tb;: ~~:~~~;:.,~be:..::.'. Jla~~ ll~hlink It DO l O\'U, 'lt 11~;::, ~:.::.:~·~·,:::·,:! r .. r ~~~·-inl hu tt" """" t, :t1 "i~~'"i';o~e:.,::.,;;•';,~~~ :~~:; ~~"': 11..~~~:-.,0 ffa::.~:or ':!~~h . ! : ; n ;f WllJIIv:ho 1!~:: ~~::!:~':~: -••~•o••iJ,,..L ,.-----·-' _"_1',\11~0:\S. I ~',':r~··;:~.~~~:/~~t11t'h:n::;:·~·b:::~~; ~:rll1e:-.~:~ "';~~~~~~etbh~~l•bo "' "1'"' "" 1' 1"" 1>0' " " ENE M IES -- 1 \>0..-•I nw loeforr itlru ~eno. Ourld_u,·ou onuborlldduring thl! OF ll• FREEDOM The eueml~ of a f rH ;::ttl:: ::t:::.':t:.a :'; ~:~r that it I~ \"flfY :a: ~~~~e.::;,::::~ ...,_tll il)e Appeal that ou&bln 111 to a Jl!llr 1 1UbKI1,Uoa to tbe B wh.lo Soct&.Ust for ILOO wl.t.b t.be Kll , ) d lllft p~pcrs of:: ln t.b1o otl cr UL on. hai r l\ ndf"-tbf!'Ql.. . r 011 ou r r;~:~~~~~~:~· ..~:~~ le~it1ator;:.~l~~ s~:e gn~~ ,),•maud thf'~· ,. ..:.. • ~ lt Ia 011fei, ( fll aa .a~ Jlllll- tll Wor kera to .-ote t or wnrld nJ: <: Jan ua· 11 poorl1·~4 \\ ,,.t• n!: "our hfe '" no t • IL JO)>Df! II , d •d•te. 011 o •ery elt!riLou '"" hut it ill botlt •a kt Ill' •eel. ~eo. / than rt ' "" he - ::::u:r re ii~Wt d - ~;~, 1 1 ~1 :,:•;:! ;..~~;; ~an~~~~~ up..d Tbl!ll m6ll Wt..r' -- ~htlo:al of thra r.I~>Ctcd • on rapotall• t , Jll rt.r t' • )leu, 1111 they 10'111 Jl gooJ labor II'!Lrl eM• ~ 1!'CLI"ilbl .... &o · lillake a( Ilk .-oa.o.le •~•et ._ 1==,;,.,====;=='=111 Jnrestr. l=~.;,i;:!"";,;·..,.~..,;""':'=' i dollu t<da)' •lill• 1111 ~o~; .'~':;,\11:::;b, ::::~~~~:; ~:~.~:~: ~t~~!•~t~o;.,!::~":~~~apnaiLJI daM. pltdt:.t ~ld~ ~~:~~~d~~~~~:~::~ •:~~~~~·~,-~1~1 h~~: =~::.~t =~:-::= ~~~~a eon· l ""'l" ~•allwa•ltnjC8n~hl'njo.-rn~nt~- ta11:11f tbefna loro~r tunt'l<> .. It firmly. ud r.rty at ,.,.:r, um· · on~i,;..m almpl.r e&D't ~ ;..,. pa.ign aad . betwee.n r&DLJ>~i!!U f otyea n where. Ole Lyepa b. I;" adlo.. Tho Soeialit l ~~ngoition, aud it luolu d own-.zpon and ah uon th f bumble •nul• .,·ho oaeti· hu ap~l.ed te OLe workt.ra to look b1to U•o politi~l and c~ouOIII l~ eood l· 1 fief' th emtel <-el tl'l olut~· 1\ud ,Jare 1101 pabltt.hed f oe :ht prtee )'ODr ::.1 r.:.'.,~he1 ~~~1d,.'~:f: ~~~~~~··~=~::, ~~.::n•i~: :::;~; !~n7,"!;~1 ~:r::~ ::.~~:~·:-;:;~~~~~ a ebJ.nca t.o &•I t11'0 of :.ha qu1te Of COIIrle, l' b iltiptl l11ol• t 011 thr reward b~l•l ont IO ynn wor keN 1.o keep all ..t preu iz1 The a utralo SocuJ. un••ble nnd ~ ~~~~~!':;,;:.:~ ;~~::~)"':!:::<~.,;~;; ::~~~~~~~ ~~~e~~n~::,~boobe ,.~i1 . 0:::"~:~ ;.:u;h~at:':~:~;~~ rm 1111l Sbepr.ud. and pu t tb e Ap. pe~~ =~ o~t ~::a:e~~ to !be iut d.Jt.cb... a:. lte J>U~od ... m 't'i:S:..:::::::';:~::;;:;·;· ;:,.,, Pnatt, - Buflalo, N .Y. �.11•k , , Caplors.' 7« Cn11m ,.. •Ill ,.,_.,, ,.. i- . . t.,....._.• ARTHUR OPLER a6, Broa.d-&7 Distributor or 3"- allill 'be bli:JM' a.c! belie 6c Olpr', al.o - ·PoOK-. . Pig Nlo rlala Clpr CDipph1p TRY THIDI Teat, Taate, Try, ATIIMPT TO FOOL lH[ VOTERS I $100.00 in Prizes Scinta's Band TUESDAY EVE'C, DECEMBER 31, 1912 mer, Carnival and 6ala Event INSURANCE I E. W. JOHNSTON Jo'IIIE TE\ .\1 :-i EU:VATitR ~'LY I WHEE l . I' I. An; G I. ASS STt:HI HOI I-Eit LACKAWANNA BurJIIIryaud 19 Mudow Lane: j 'Jht fl YourSuitand Overcoat IS HERE At jus t tile p r il-c you intt"1ul t o pu y for om: $10,$12 AND $15 F'm· stficlly ull w o u l :tod ,t'Xtrt'nn-1.\ wrll tnilort'd am] n J.:uara ut('(' o f n W\'ing of $3.00 tn $5.00 o n t:T<"rj" J;nrm~lll . A full lint' of H olidta_\' Kt"Ckw~:m. ~hi ru, Hats, D1nh l-l olxs .:-tc w ors~d. �.. rnw~o~IIAl1l1@1t PUBL.ISHBD YDXLT BY n fa � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-12-21 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-12-21 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n029_19121221 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n029 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/533a750238fb499fb11de3893449275a.pdf 59b7c8ede459fc8b0f424e0eed538295 PDF Text Text IDW~-~~@lf - ., ~ . .... . - . - ' ~T~~ " IP ·IT IS' 211 ' YOUR~IDt­ I'IUS NUT Wl!l!l: �Boou . ' CalJhaJI'II, Catrou . T~ 'J"'&rili J• . · A] >JI IH . JI .• T ea aad Colfee Pv.mpki a Pi e PIOIIt. J • T otal tl.48 An •l. of r.o11rse you moal make the a few - of the huAdreda: ~ · <lo - for IU JI]Iflt &lid 'br<!&lr.fllat,Rr\', Dr. E. Y. Mulllna, ao we' • •ill multii•ly tb ~a a'u m by tlle !he Southern lla jllin ~min uy; nnmt'(' r or daya in a weo.k anJ we h.,.e Dr. J. S.. Pre•t ridg"!, S.:'"retary t l0.36 ,,.. , " 'celt, anti Ur. Dool ittl e hu .\tnl'tl.,. of lh fl Wofld B•pt..ill omln .... l Hl'<'ra l imJ>ort.an t u follo,.,1 : ll enl, JON" ..-ncok. . Cloth o·•, ~ ~· • wee k .. . Jlutl~r, ~ ll••· ". }'u.-1, I"'' Wl!f! k .. 8u,::ar . I"'' .,.-~oek.. Milk. ]•o.- r wo•l!k .. ao.~l '· J•l'' wl!ek •• n..·~·l. I"' ' we.-k . . N~,.-• l'np,...,., I"' ' week .. l.i,:hu , I"'' wee k .. '"'""""""· !"'' L ull uri...- ,l.o/!! ...,_. n~e... it..i~•. t :1.:!:1 ~ 1.00 .iO 1.00 or 1\'bom arc '~' '''""' J onoul.,ll' rl uf Baptiot nltl nt r~·. J . Still Wilaon, llflrklry. t:a l., and' :\1, 1::. ln·lur, •~ren t~\" uf Ch ur~h of A~'"'"'· l :-;,•..,.York C.:i ly: Rob11d !), 0 . If. Lunn, Dr. A. S. ano:e, bo th Z5c to ·'7Sc :Oft!\ Koco or lii~U Ob~l~~·:~.l.:..r Bail 50o lo $5.00 -· BaD'dll.e~cbiela Cb.J.I4ren•a, I..dle.' .orO..u' _.., kerchl.ti fntm ' Umbrellas "'"" Z5c aod 50o . Hand· B•l• . · · Lad lH' !Aatber B.Qd ''"'" SOc to $IS) --~~l< lo~I.OO­ AD Holld&y Glfta In Hollday Boxa We give Trading Stamps and beautlf~l· souvenlr wtll 50o to$5.00 g1veri away FREE with a purchase of one dollar 'O,r more . STORE OPEN. EVENlr'iGS ·~k .. AIU U><'IIh'h la •• To!Ja ~ro Diamonds, W altha, Cull L!nb, Rlngs, from $1.50-$300.00 . CarfarO! . l}ototurt • nd Medi cin e. . . f G!!i~~~j~) La Vdlure Broachea," Shaving; lI Smoldnc and T oil<l Seta~ at · HOYLER'S 8trHt · 287. ~·n- CHRISTMAS PldiUM OfltR. WAR--WHAT FOR:? '( By GEORGE R. KIRKPATRJi:X A STAR.TLING - BOOK e.,., ,.,.., ., i;hlf•iis fMJ• sfrlpptd Nlltt/ w•• ~INUHt~ Boun.cf. iu, .treen silk 'clotk, #0/4 11ta,;_ped. . J52 pa_qu · Obtain w. JtartUnc_book FREE For two yearly subscription• to tlae Bal'alo SocialittJor · two rmewa la or four 1ix monthleuba. --· · 1he book will be ,ent PRBB. Remit $2.00 i nd we 'wiD'~d you WAR-~TFOR? a.od two dollan wOrth . of · ta~ption canl1 to the · · Buffalo Socialiat, Sell the cards aud the book · will~:r,ou nothing.- · seNo ..· IN ,Y~' oR~eQ ·NoW ~ �• _~:~_ >- , ~ •t ... , ~ . ~ • •on.&.l.o 'sob ALIST· . SOCIALIST MASQUE BAll -AT - BROADWAY ARSENAL $JOO.OO IN GOLD FOR THE BffiT COSTUMffi Sci nta' s Band. Adm lsslon"25d MERRY CARNIVAL AND GALA EYINT .Jinnou.ncment Extraordinary Joseph J. Ettor ·Comins to Buffalo. W atcht his Space for Date and Hall Overcoats and Suits NEO.KWEAR -AT - English I m p e r I a I Scarfs. beautlful patterns, [ .[ .... the dollar kind • lhl'SOc Kntt Scarfs. big range of patte rns · 3 for $ 1.00 35<: �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-12-14 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-12-14 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n028_19121214 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n028 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e6eb0edd0206fee9c73b9f901c42b440.pdf 0b36429ee5fb758e5244c64633684252 PDF Text Text N0;27 THI .- 1·8 u v... ~hpi.a RENE~ AT ONQ.E 111 calling ~IUDi ioo t o tbe aMolute nation al rndy ufat. to a large nted. of tl•e v.,.,atlooal K lloot. of All o•·er the •orhl the ti!~~o~leoey b that capitalist clu., The Bu.f. wa;r-away fro"' compet itioe. ne bu ro11flned \taelf to a IIO<'i&liaationofthemeaetofp ro<luetioll - • • • - 1"''"'"'"" of t be q~;~HtioD f r0111 tbe i1 a lrf•ady far at\o:ute~l. Aod ia ill of the working de• Jtllrent f urther •·h•n~t: it tbe boJ>e ot J><!aee 1 , worlr.illjl duaebil!l 11nd of tbe ntabli1bmeot of J"OJift Tbere 11 a11otber 1ide of t bP q\l"tlo11 trr.lni n~; ill tra<I<.'S and ~~ationt. whieb ..·ill tbrow mu~b li~;bt on the ''With the employer it i1, and muot ,Jiacnuion. That aide ;, the 1i<l" of l>c, unJc r eompetiti.. n. larl!ely ~•·lli~b : the tea~her, 'll'ho 6o<l~ i t . , _..ary, the attit11<le o!, •Fit your !'liLlie bo.,·eHt ~pllgDant it may l>c. to IIC'n·e .chool• to train hoyt 1<8 obet\i.,nt, ~fl· u a t ool of tbe rapitali~t e lt.11 in the cient 11\:lehinn,"" that ,.•brn they ~ome tle•·alo1•me llt of ehUd Jla•·n for the to me I ~an work tbru> to th~ t....t mUI<'r elau. ••h·a r:ta~e to ]'r<'><lllte for me. ' "Tberc 1111' worhl·wiole iP<Iintio111 I n juotire to tbr !ueber "'bola re· 1 qul red to tneh and r ulth·a te th<' r bih\ Jihat the J•tUf'l>t •tatul ot ' itu.hutry i1 t ll\'f'll, Let it be ..Jd that, for tbll m01t brnking up,-tbat "'' e a re mo•·i n~ tO• omol;i l••""'''"'"' res~tire riti~ to their ~~=~:r:~~;m~7:~~:~11=~~~·£:~~,::~ ::~!:~o·:.i,r.:i~~,:·~~=n~:~;~::.:;:~~~:~~ anti •lelirer mr;:;~n.:~bo~utor~: f~~~·~=·~:';; ~:~~~~ 1t1~:~~:.~·~fmt!~ll;~;:l;::~b:: ::: i;~::~~~;~. ~~':;i~l ,;e,~!~ :~·~:1•,:;~, 1•:~~:; eon•·entioa to be Mid In Augwt, 1!113. Commo:1 Oood,'' who a re OI'Otking o i,.:ht l they (Ont rql many of t.hem. aool d~,. in the ra11U of tbe Soeialltl '' When the t i m~ rontct, that ~0· FOUR YEAR OLD CHILD- ~~~:~..~~~ ::,i:~·-o,'::io;:~;l! ;:~~::~~: i;!~;~:i:::.~t~x~:~~:;i~?.·~:~'·::.: r:r~: ~' e~·tb~:~;~:':: ;~;r:.~:-t;fni:~::: : I~:;i::t.~·:.~ :~~~~:~1 ":,':;.~:·0 ~~~ ~~;:~,;~h: REN WORK IN CANNERi :;,·:, ~~~i; mat~ i~l 1!::~1 ·;;t:~~:::~; ! :~::\;c:,7.~~.~;t:tu~:~ ~::hifo••:h!'';~7:~ rs ..... .. Cbiltlreo rout yean old aa.L ... : :':· .. In tbe ,..,..uional M"hool, •<"•I· , o f the up- ru~tor~ an•l for th<' publit f100..I. B~~~~~·n·rt. l f~;!::·l~[:=~~;:~:i~::~::~:~~~~} ~~::i:;::~~~~;:I~;~j~!:~;:f.,~~: ~ :·::~:]::;~~:~~!:::~~~r:g~:t:;~ · 1 of M i.,. :\larr (;bamherlain, a ..·oman ( toriu and otbcr ::!~:~~.-~~m':~;;:e ~~:t ~::~ry 0 1 . . . Will II!Jiol tloo ball I,.• or your ot.th Unton ".:1•! T un ... '":'!fit, bi.t: I• • l..out u mut h hke hbOO<l of. .. .. all ot hf n , .,.ho tome IR routrad wttb . ' ~t::tu:~::t .:~ ~~:•.'" o"'a'"K · a hn! .more taro=flll 10 to your ltat.e- ;n:~r;oK;:!.".,'.,;,;.u~ 11u;~n',:r~~-: dali•l.l and ~ialilm. tx]•loltl nJ;: tbe lwot '"" 'e lopmfnl of the future na tioo. '' I "''"'•• POLICJ:L ATTACK ~~: ~:~·.::":mu:.a~~·l:: t::~~·:;;: .:~ ~~X~= ~~:;:11;:•' j ~,:w=~:::~~ ~;~;~~~~ ;:::.:n:!,::ot~~; limE fALLS STRIKJ:DS .,.~rk ebol~u~n tOIIJI~Ietl Ln ,,.~::.:::,:~~:;•::<:,::: :: n•rrel" .., Sotlahll• \\'e kiiOW 'l'f ~~:~; :: ~;~ ~::·~:~~ !~:: tlwt e&j•itali~t :~:.~:~t: A:~;l~an.,~nt~~~~:on:a~l. · · our <ookod 00 ••~• U.o Bwu<~ an ort.hn11n rm In Bulfalo w~ lind t be ~n( •Uh•t l n.-ut i· ! ;~>niliat ~~~~~.,~~~;~ ·:~,1~ ~~ • iguoraote, aaol aJ:rf<' Lhal only 11 ""' Choob<eJ.,, ur tbe eannetM11 u her , .. , ... c,i!•llon Tb ... or t bto ja w410tf'tl o f tbe I•Olr 11,\aklnJi. lta•te L, I :!r~~:~~~~:•. ~::~~:u:~::.~ l:;;~nn~:: 1:7t7.;:.~:~o:~:· ;~:~r..:~!;~~~.,~if;~:e,:~l Tb~ are ?>lire o f - : : t'all• doing thelt employment, the ~h•ldte11 • ftn· J r h i!>lre 11 art Ull~ht to n••k• UJ> into ~ e"trytblnjl in their JIO•~er to aid tbe n1ill ~=~:laj~~~~~rr:~;:l:'r'~ee':'::,.;be:: ~~:~0:ou~~r~~atkT::: ~~:;: :~:: =~·- I :::7.!u~~~~=~~;: tb~"(:i~~-r..t:.,~·~ ~~~:!;~ :~~::. ./~~~~~~::•til:t:~:~·:;"'~<> ,\h';;,..k .~~:~: · <'<~lllptlletl mPn, womom a nd children aUite, io <!ag... t a o<l habit of lift, . to reoume tl~r\t t ,\:Q. .'iil makt• Ulj tb it ra ... material iato j a j,'O a ft<'r tl~r l t nken hat! turn~·! in tbe ~ulol , .,.,. :.~~~ r~:t..:~a~•~i:~:•!:; :O::~d~.'~~ ~ ~.:;~:~·:~.~r:~·.,;'~~c~h:b~.!':1r"t·_::~~:·•1~~ ~ ~~::::io:;ut;f 11h~:.,1 'w:~~~~rt~~~i~:e: 6t~t~'H!.. 0:7t:;;t.~: ~~ir10J>jl:n~~: :~~:J•i<'Cof:;~~rn::bi~il~~ fr;; !!:~r~: I~':..lwi~i1nt~;;,e ;;~"'" wtt h dtaOI'n dul• ~oo7~ollror.'t7;: ~~~:~~~~oo:k c;~:;· . :;; . l ~·~u. ,h~: :~: '"Otatiooal vbooll! Can l lui!;~ :~:~ ~:~·:7rikn:,: ~!::o~•r:~ til,: I bu!lll'<l to crowdl'<l obaeko a nd houeo Hul,- lillte n to tbP •·ifWJ>oint e ! one rumor th:l\ anti 11erm~ttcd t wo t o fi•·r boutl dNl·l' o( the OJ><!akere I t tbe rl!<'ent ron•·<"ntion nade. b.-tore be1o~ . I called !oc tbe uut <lay ' '" "'' ddo; o o l " ' " I :~~~:~ x,:;;,,!o:~cT:•~~~:",~t~;~::!:~::::; " " ' '""""'· Tb o ••••' " ' ' ' ' ' ' . 1 reulted lo a pt.nde.' Tlle clded 10 bre_.: up t be parade. log U}l a pt.n.dt.. aDd ia workle iJ: people; oft t•ei• oue pollee"'. . allot a wo~~~aa J>UIIap., doe llid" aot • ol'e' fut toau\tblm. be . BEUEVE IN WORKING ON SUNDAY aJ~ain.t Ibis hellitb upi· Sotmll Sehool at Onconll, S, \'.~ Tn ~b(;w hio grt'llt lo"f for tbe •nrte ~er hrouJbt to li11ht. "The preatut 111tut of induttrr cal\· ing ~11111 Chtlloee Haml.in bad tb<' 11irl1 there au wbo will blame ~oth· not 1ut , l)e..au•c It It war. 111~ ,..., work un tbet t:luoda]' before tbe JIUte food tubers for JIO!Tinlttlog cb•Mrt n unnot Jut indefinite ly,' ' ,.ld hf, in tbow, whieh wu tup~ io takf p1Al'11 a t u c ,tl!llder yeart, bot tucb r'e<:o~nitlou ot tbf rlut 1tn~ggle, wb lrh llllt week at the Sweeny liOn'. it urt-:arrnt~. Puutl with b re.t.ontible t or tbe pro-titutlrtn or our Ooe o r the cMrQ wben rptakilag of it 1111111 h•r. UlleiiiJ>lojmoelltand \'OO:ational aehools •utoll&\'eapPr<"nl icf· ~<I ''it ia bad enough 1.o put io 11iae "'I• • O.piu U.e moatb of t raho.i111, deto ha!'deD t!.em. a lld dt>prive t be.m ayapat\y, tiM j&trr hi t~ trif.J, " fie 8u.te 11f M-.-VL f:ttor, Olo• aaaltU a11d , N!torzwd. a verdkt of " S ot I " ....,!Ucn~t·nt il aloout t11 ;'"'""IPROGRESSIVES ~;~.!';~-~·:t;~~·::;.::;:: ;;:~'"~:·~";·~:.:.. ~;.:::~~·'. .:~•.::: ..-·- - - l ' ""''' "''' "u ltelp 11 l ant . 10 pre•·a lent. (hat. fam- 1bop•. ~! ~".,.:;':;.,":011~01e:.:.: 11~''~0:~ '' 011lj Jb eo-operation bopt ot puce. ..~="-:::::·.;::·:~~. ;~::::::::;. ......... , ~;:,.:~~ ·;:~,"::::. ;::.~ .-~ ~: . there bo11t1 a da.r till daJll a --k witbou't. EAGERLY.WAH-1-U tnR OPENING Of SOCIALIST fAIR . :::::::~:::~::~!:~·:.~~::~::: COMRADES .011ru ot 1neome to la&t them t brou11b i1 Co·operation or eombl· m.alr.ina 1111 wort 011 Sunday. ' ' . l'f!'ll'nd t or corpo,.tion ow11uobip a nd ~n"go~;~~:~;."a!: !':;~,=,·~. :'..~{: Bower of Beauty and S~owers of Handsome, Useful ~::e:~:~;.,:::e ~:'...,10hef,::~~~b:fc~~~~ t?ristmas Goods, Fine for Christmas Gifts, will eblldreD from the playj(l'Otllld and ~tirlo be Features of Annual Fair Given by the Socialist ~:.Ot.:!~.,~...~~.,:~~;eCO:/~.~~..ery':~; ' Women's O ub; Fun Galore for Old and Young · Pl;;•::;...n;~h!~1 :d ~~~; 1 • ev(ry. N ight Nat Week in Franklin Hall. Ileal aad moral derradatiou, I'HIIIt!DJ Ia later crime aad di~oea~e, eome u a Alter many •~h .o!...~rne&t work tio:. from ecouom-ie robbet]' at tbf u oatnral cotiMqaeaee. anti cart~ful pllllnlnlf, t ba Baffalo So- t l111e. , Tile Bnft'alo,.E.xprtu, u 111u.al, hac! to daliat ·~om•11 are 011 t he eve of their ,\t each of t ba meet iap ot t he Fair for ill brother eapitalim a ad J reatnt t riamJib--the opeaiiiJ or the eommittee, wbie b ha\'e contll!ued for ftni'Wiillllftii,II I'''OO ~jo~e.t,:~~~;n ~~~~t:11ro;1.~~ !;~ ;:::; !;:~;;!.,~.ir;.~:~lnbe~~ ~~P::~.~~=-~o~~loa~g:~~:;:-;:~c";; l llth COztclitJODI llpoa f ol'f!ip bo111 ~0 &lOIII hU t..Jp left' aatlltlled to pae10111 doutiUIII,. Ud BOW tbt all =~t·:~:c~~~~~t1~:!:11r~ :':":.eob; :~~~~~·~~a: =A=t::;-::: ~"'::~~ ::n~~a;:::! ·~: 0~11~~ 1oa•• fOIII'M,, capltal b t employe.. •otli· tiou of ate11 tile 111011 •i•t.lmbltie &MIIII to Ny •b. . It to~• to -.a:lltf -~ · aod dlctatl., ...," a.od lilian of To Llloee" wllo are 110l familiar w;o. I 0.. bJUh.l ~perati;on Ill ~.be Oaot llpM a u- u•• ~ 1lad w - •a au ..itll all Clf tile Soda· . .I""'L , !tlooday, · lt ...u1 lount fort). l.ato f111l h loo• · aad . .lid tile cla•or af' tr.Jet, •at~iaatiC · erGwdr., will .,.. tr.blilh a ....,, tl it t.M !r&J' ef Fair. wbleb '«tmbi.... -ad - ibM =:"=u~ia:'d~,..!: ~ :::~ ~!i ~:=~ ~=~:.~rellali•J witll 'delllll,lf~ .=: :...-=-..~U:t~~t:,.be.::l:e.:~. -:',a:!.~=:: :~::.be..: Ct~~ •::..::r-~-:.,.-;:~ ~ ~=-~-=~~~.~~~tW.:!:: ::~:~a:!..ki: :~:~:•-~:-:! 4 lite. .-1.111 ll- . ol~odyl o'"'""'"' by doe E:z~ . . 10011 __ ltl pai'l t~ Ball or llold·• ebo to partT"-kra •"- ar. up.c"' bt111 ,.,..... lll; tM-,.fti• -witJJ -iety aimplete u,.l lq: tlola hir '\e bela tllr. . . _ , . . . -::~ t~';;= ~~~~a~:~ .:.~:.";: ~~- :,·::~ of 011n.. 1. t lae ballot , blat 'Worlr.lal eta• emucipi!· witJJ wdt.My d._._t.U.. or .._. . (O..~eo ,.....f) . �WAR--WHAT FOR? By GEORGE R. KlltKPATRICit Bid,..• f•m •frlpptt/- ..;.,d f!wrp 1'1}.•t •f lD•I'.DIHII•Htl Bound in £ run silk cl6th, ~old •tamped. · 86!1p<>§u _ Obtoln thls atartllnc book FREE For two 1earJrnbacription1 t~ .ibe 8affalo Soc:ialilt or t wo ~ewalt" or foar liz moot.ba aabl. t~ book will be ~a~t FRBB, ~ Remit 12.00 aocl we wiD - .. ~md 1o• WAR-WHAT ·roR i . .' wonlo ·ol~ . . . . . to tho · Bd'alo llodolllt. Sdl tho catdo oad tho book aDd two dollon ) . .... , ......,.: . �afr Socia.list .F . . . fiJIDDIQg Week,. . IMC. 9tn . -AT - FRANKLIN HALL 62 West Eaaie St. FOR BENEFIT Buffalo Socialist undor ouaploc• vVon~en's Refreshments. Buy your Christmas Club iVIusic. Pres~nts == FAIR== at th e �PUat..ISIWD'W'1lutLT liT TKa BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHil'IG COMP~ •. -~ WJIFALO,N,Y · P1l.UOtaat.UIJI1lD:D,T- SlY, LpStnlt.WBoar MAllTJII'HaZSLD.,.,_ ...,, IIDit~~-~lfd0oor ~)G ..... ~~~"Y~ Ptb $1.00 ,_ l'Mto 50c lb -.dl&, pay.W.IA . d - - ,-t ll:ateftod u W!t!OGd-cl.aM 111.1t.Uer J aae li, 11112, &I t.he oftloe a$ Ba.1f&lo, New Y<M"Ii:, IU>der ~he Ae\ ut )!&l"Cb 8, lll'nl SATURDAY. DECEMBER 7, 1912 THE STRENGTH OF THE STRONGl To tho~{' philosoph~· of uninitist ed in ~eia l ism who do not und e rstand !he mn!J!! 11.11 opposed to th ll ~:~~:;ot111;~J~·~t~:. ~:hi1!:::~~~! 11 ~f . any mon~mcnt is t•\'Prything; him rn •lialo•K 11ll li~ht. In tilt' nothin ~; tin- movt·m•·nt . . Lo•Rdtnl may coml' 11ml I ' 11111.~· t."O. This !eu.dcr or lllAY carry the lig!Jt 11 lillie fnrther thnu 111Joth1•r; but a t his ano t ht•r aeiZI'!i !Ill' Iordi whi,.h is boru!' on 111H I on snol on. Wo• \"t•nturo·IORII,\' thut tlwSoo·inlist !'Hrt,t· I hand u•~tpp!'d If f' l'cry Soo·ialiHt " lo:uol··r. " to di!iiiJlfH·nr from tllf• fn•·•· uf t],. cnrth . ..\ ntl t tbl' onlv orj!u lli za t io n on th e fnr1 • of tho· ••Rrth stendf11~tly fo rwnrd und 1• r >' tu·h tryin~ ,.jr<'1linst .., ncl' ~. :\ot hceauso: th e SO<•inhst purty i~ nuul•· up of 11 rnnl; ~tnd til e of tmpe ri or beings. hu t ~imply h•· o ·nu~l' tJw t rHininj.' of So,.udisTtJ is t!itt:di,l' IIWHY fr om tlw · ·fulluw · m~· · h•li d•·r''phil n.omph,l· of indi\'ioluulhnn . :ID1104D0Ir~ ~ To tlleml•doftlwipefto•~• wtU the Htiozl tUt ~Boe~ Party 11 -rely a poll tleal oi,..U..Uo., with. out ·fll aetion otm nao t o 110•lu.te certal!l ealldldat. &Dd arn, Uill!ir Q. tiop., It wUI ~ome._. a ~rprt.. th&L tile Sod&Li.tt Party·'• Ktl \' itle. &t U.e preHnt Lime, i•medl&tely aft.r a flm · Jo& iga,ar$ nea rreattT tbla. tlley were P.tefioll ~ to elodioa. It II U 1'~rtlll ltu. & faet. At tbe Jir-at time, m01t · of braaciwll &re coad11dlna or prtpar· ing fo~~o l(l(turU, debtite. aad dlteu.lo .... wlt"oot aombe r. Tiley &re al10 pi&~ · nlag for&Wllek '& lalr to ·beiJII&t Fnnkli!l Hall oa D~e~~~ber Sl; aod for a )tre&t e&rnh·aiaBd muquerade at the Broadway Annal Sew l'•a r'• E ..e. F.a rly.....,... Fcbn1ary will bi!Jia llle Mrle. or Lyea;um I« tare., three of tlle ~ourw. of leeture. ha•'iiiJ*IItl!eWI'dfor Bar. hto B1111yf ny, tamJJe.ifll t l1ne . Cara...,ie Ia repon'!<l to be •·ery~nae.ll pl-dl adeed,be wor ld Ia gettiar &lOll( w ''F.•~rytlllaa l1 0. K.,• • dr L&lrd of 811:lbo, nd there ,. 11 0 ,,;.100 Ia tk world wb;r ;~. :::::: I :;~;.~,;; ~":~~a ::. ~ .c::~~::~" til>' Mr. C. roeglot'l'ft ·-llia ole&r n ff"'a r for tbe rtoal ~>Ke•itieoo Oil, dear no,. wbt he aa.tre .. t•roat ud dJ'IPI!paia. - u .... l:>ota Vr. Cuaqle ' ""' lt.an 1.0 ~ll:e de.J>tr&~ don. to ,keep tile f up o! tile t'l!llt·•brk out of Ilia "'it&laf No, laMeol. lh ilu leA tllo~ad DAYLIGHT SAVING ~ SNAKE IS NOT YET DEAD Br M.UD! J. BALL •h.' \;·::,,··;:~~··.·.~··:.:.'~:::.: ·"~·~.·;:, h~:~::\/;~.!·~:h~'~P~·~7;;~'·"~;·;~ ~::;:·~::£~:~::::~.:~:!:.:::F~:·:; ::.~~ . ~:~~~:::::~·;:~.7:::~~:;;~.~ ;;::;;·~:~.i:Ef·i:~·~~;;\~~£':; ~011 iu~;· h:·i~J:~ d\1.1m~o~i~~~·'=0s~:.~i~•~i~:,:.e~i t~~~ ~~~~: t~~~11 1 0 tl7e' l;t4,C ::;:[ thl' null :'1! 0(1~ to "dt•mollsh" Soe!Rlum: Wil Y not. whllt you co uld 1'1111 iey of the ••,Jayligbt ...,·Jog'' 1110\'.. the ~b&ng e ••• rled<led di.ad•·aot.tlge. n~~~~~~~c~ I:~~ 1' :"~:~;'',. !,.::::. :::~:-:h:"~::~; ·::0,~~=~ :~o:k~n,:n~:::~, I ~~~I' ~~~~~i~~;~::' ;~~;~~.~~~~~ ~~:~~~~:~~~~:r~=~:a~:~: !~,~~f~tip:r:~et~;! :=~~~h i;,.:;:: workin g dllll9 of 1111.11 eountr~· ~:!~~~l: 11k1 ~;~b~hl'. worko•r s 111111 fro 1u lll ro~lg llieasur~ "' 1.11 0 : 0 •;:, t:!: ~:r~ti~:~:f.~i~. am~oa, :::!:-:,::"w!.:a~"!:' 0:.:,.~;:7t etotft It .... l.>e<!o left to capi t.alioom ~~e~rel:~tr;;;: . &~;~h:r~:::m~:~ -~~=L&~:utth:h~:~~ :t~~~~::i~:o&~a:.!~.;;;a~::rtooor be neceMJ. ry 1.11 ward 111 bour n rllu Ia Atoril In u~h l r.rat r,..-o~ B itio" or the tou~uiag ia· w,. they &IIOII Id...,e tii- J " ' " - e lilae&lllef'dertemakeiiJ.J.eapellttJa ll lgMr. u e fortuna. te tl11t ! meaae baa t hrowm~ t he CRJlll-~ hllt . d11811. o~ thc1r ~·=~~ ,:a:~&7 ~~~~i:~ ~::ll:au:':m':p~0:~: :::!~!:"~;a::.;:~.=~~~?~y ~et~:::m:~: ::~~~::a::~ :1::-::: :;•t::t~~~~ Ttw Rul.l :\ l o.o~<~ · p!tl'IJ h11.11 •·om" to 11tny. ·" ll.h !Ill nulhons of a 11 u:tr& hou r o( dt yligbt may be anil· ~•a aot be inter!~ with witbout llow much .., 0re logi~al &.ad dolla_r~ ".nd II~ nulh o t~!l'll f olup{'ll all !I nu o· lenll, II Will n ot on ly sltly. ablf for ftmu..em ent aod r..crution dtt.r uriouol;r alree tiog e\·'Uy otber dt f>ut· it ,.·could be if rb & bu•lnHI but 11_ 'nil prn\"o· fo_rnudKhl~. . Luaineu hour1• 111ent or .aclal activity. tit!~ world WOUJ.l oleYota " ·,-. · ~ o 11 0 1 ho•"!ll\1<' 1 0 . 1111 ~· thut. W~ ~ :oq oc~t lh t· HuH :\loOAe to he MH iiagt called to otiteu.. th e pr•~· An•l MlCOad, i• \h e es't t.nl to whido aad ~nett.Y to · ~======,;,;,~ · = ' . ~~~~~:~~·~:;~~:nct~. 111 ~·.:il:~·7n::i~ll1ill1th~\'~~~,:·N:~~;.~n 1 r:.t:·tr: s:::~~?~t ~!~~~i; ~:~b~~·~;.,~.t~ef r:~~;·. . ,~~·~ c::~~7. ~:,';~:~~~~ h::.::~~':'::a:l:;~~f ::~ ::~;~b ~·;~:~;:JI .aod I' ~~i~:~~~~~K~h:·j,.~';~;k.:;:git~::~~,.;··~~,. n;:u:li;:~~~~~~~f-~t7:~.j:>;~~~~R~~~ ~~~~ ~;~~~~~~~"~~:~~ ::,.:::~~:•i;:: ~~:: ~::~ ~~;·;:;h~.t~~e 1 ::;~e;,..~i~;"':;':•lif~: ::;· d•;Y;•o..~, t~et: 0t7.:u: ::e•::~ we rt" l1•J 11110 th{• J~lnglt• thl~ ~···ur by th e hla u~ha l unl'ntl< .or the Steel 1'r ullil !•llrt.t·. Durm~ th l' '.tf':l:l fou r ye11 r.R tlu11 da~ will rc11d 11mt t<lluly th•· pNI<lo·nos of ." ot· w! . r<·t:Ou~lru e tiOil llt~d \>;JIJ doti~tl.ett8 be Wf' ll lwo l fro l!l tlu· n•f or; nls t uotuonll to th e ~C \'O I~hona~· t:OII''tC ilOIIII. c' n th ~· otlw r hRi lll. 1hc Bull M oot~t· wilt Will o\·e r frotn th e Demoe rfl l ~ nn<l Ho' JHihli \'1111 ~ tlw !'(•oplt• of thl' nntu ~n l !1uU Moo11e cl~d ie ~ig lru~\ inuguu.to·~. th t httlt: coek roRch ·~ap lt ah Y~s. th e miiWklB~ly :tll~l;·~•.tfll t•rofellslonal peopl.,, and th e hc r o.wondnppel"'l who \o ,·e a 1 oaaaimou11y or by large majorit\eo. The propo..ed t>l•n baa rl'!<' ei•·ed t be &ttntioa not alone or IO<"i&l reformen aool the ·~ .. en.l publie but of .cienti1te, a• well, and &tgllmUh both · f&•·otiog llld 01,1,..; 0g the i<le& ha•·e l.>e<!11 ~~:h·~a & wide ~euiag. So •weeplllg 1 ~ bl"l'~ cOuld aot be Lase ~~~~ ~~;~·,!·,~·"~liK~:~.~·~:~/,\::~~:.\·~h:,r:l~=~=~t~;~l~~!s :tf::;1i1 tsli~t~i~~; , W e do not wa ul tbo•ir · ' lea•lers." beeanae th ei r lead en: a r e not in ~y•npathy wi th th e work i n~-: ehu111 an d it. need R. The lea}.y.ey ed rdorrnen1. and petty bonrgeoi• labor-11ki nnera a r e n ot of our kind'. '1' hey belang among tha. Bull M 0011c and the Socialial Party ean be det·outly t.bank ful th a t tbig P e;r kin s pa r ty wu orraniud in time to k eep t hem out or th e SoeiRiiat rank&. Sincere no doubt lll't u1any or U1em iu th~:r mushy ae.ntim en t&1ity o ver the poor work ers; but 1inC!efr eharity ia juat about u u!'el ~ in th e preteDt c ris:ia u any · other kind . The workiq ela11 d oea not propo.c t o bq for charity · : thro ugh an organization of puuy-footed par~~noiaea. It pro~ to demand throu gh ITS OWN PARTY a tborourh·cobtc. reorpniuUoa o f .oeietr on a b..ia of ab.olot e WORK ISO CLASS DOKINA- ~·=:~t> O\'er th eir 11 pN'tty uau~uth~ll '' .. ' ; ~ :•~ tbe lmi.UB reform~ who ' be fore we-~ done d...,. 1101 crem two tbi11g. alike, fto111 thia f&tt 10me people ~ouel uda tbet t'be r.lua~ dioot ia ctlolll in aoc\ety &re a aeeH&it)', u If they"'~" alaotreated by oat111i!. Bec&\1111 tbe re &re 110 two o&k leavu euetly &l ike, we mOlt g.,, ~~>illioa&irN aad paupera. ~&IIH tbere an ao 'two e&I YM alike, 111ea &od woID(!D..m ulrt be ~rileed by thou.uda a a.t teo• of ~oua&~~di at the altar of tlleaoldenealf, willletlleprintoof'IIUJ &od ot eepit.all&a • 11jo1 Ill lhe t-1 llll ... tU.t UD bw.y. Beuua t\ere.,.. n t - ..... bli"e ali1r.a, h • Nlf·e"ldeat t\e.t tile llu Ia lporaaN aad bo b11a"-'1 b1 apoeb wille b tlH:lF ewo imacfaatMa e&lil lato bei•«, ••Ue .. te• tha.udi ••••1 - .•ut dedodlo-.; •to tile aocl al life of &llloullt to. .~o. '!•:'.. 111.111 d9111lee th e ia a.atare, J!>cludlllf i.lao aad oo l&lle IIIU ena &tiDJ o&tal"'l t.lley an utul'll able. But 10 111111 u .,..,., ·lau a. ~. llle law of alike for all, tbat Lf t he noau.U are 110t ..-~d the It Ill~ 41•. Aod M loa& u u q of ' ~ •bo-a bal111 • PH ~~ aad ~ .Ud dlbp tbt ' to: be ~~. . . . ~ .... fw ..U tU& "M tW '"''"'""'1•-•••ru b•• witb·I::S'~.:·,'t11a~'!'::"'~~:C~t.li:!l~~~ ::'a~~=~·~ ·:: · ~~ ~ 'e!'. . .. ~.,., ·-· .• • :.:~.:at~7~'!~J~arell ;~:-!:~~=~ beh•ppy wbea tiloua&lldi ot _wage· alave. lrt'IO ll:lad te lliiaf OX OL.Ua.OO•SOIOODBU. Jt b a r.11r\oua fact tbat 1111ay l'eGJile d::;,.,.:h~os::::~ o>.i•-·l.,.....,,;,...,. _. _,,,.~' ' -"-· :;. w~~~ hu m:i:d & martyr. &-nd "..,.ril ee '' hhn~tlf to the worll:iag du1. Not 10. T he Socl&l· loti• I . Do&ll who ' h.u d'!niOped '' "lua· ton.ciou._...w, " ll'hlt!o •l111ply m.ei&or tha~ be lou ldet~\f&ed lola ow11 beat io· tereste wlfb tile hlltrnte of t.lle ..,... tunn. .lty-thi worldag clan of he ',lr a part.' Now, the• , t.llo I at~J I Iaequ&litie. &.ad tba appli e.atioo of rnon(' ~· fo r it11 uh·nt ion ht"o'OillCII more apparent. lint! th e mililantll o f th'e working daJJ.'i will find th t> ir way in to th e p11 r ty o( th eir : to l ~gi•l&te a littLe more dayllgbt 0\l r th·e• 4.r 1 nadjutmeat ' of clock•. . b&uatt<l !'rolet&ti&D die Ia It rema in. fo, Soelaliul tp adj111t 111 ' 1 f-ll&ble-. the . wealth." t.lle ll)'llem toW people l1111t.ftd of ed· tak e the \ll'&ten •broad ll1 jUJtina'Ute J-p~e to the • fii OIII. It i• aodol!bt.edty lnle tbat a&tllre ,;.bt theil' dedllct.iobl from the ~u~~~r~~o;h~l"~:t.:::;.(>~~~~;l'::,~~~~t s~:!fdTt-u!';Panh;l~~;n:.~~e;rru~~ TJON. We ali&ll haw in vogae for u aturiei &lid tbat wu e..o.t ..ed bf ~ refaf lcientit!c 0 t..o:-..,.. tioo &od ealrulation. Savagerr with all Itt bn.t&lity, b.,. blri•m with &II 111 e.ruelty 11111 t eod· &ti 1m wit h all ita ,,,.any &n<l ia· NATURAL I~ EQUJ\LiTJES show11 IliOn> lha.rp~y. 1h1· h11h1 ~!1 ~ ~· for h r:ead and lh l' t ruth 18 (o recd dau. time It ;1 pto~WMd to o 1- t tbe eatlre tJ ke ou t & wret.eiled ul1 tellce, l~p~tead of lb i&, we !nd t.llem 1yne111 of ti 111 e r..ekollilll{ tbat h.. be.!o I•. It 111rprbl~ ~t Kr. C&r..gie ailaald be de (;all~~ tiiU wre«.lled. t~~ae..~ :7t~ !:"'~:~,;: wmra-U.ej)ftlllare&llz· fad to .work for (lo.e late restr Il . oloea, not me&ll tb e 9favtJ!Iqby iDd l.,ld u&l e.Hj lltop prowli•g &I tra'l'el 1., pN.b. Tbe IIOt e a DIIMfllh ill• of n liJbteo- IIIII&. ou1r •J-Piewllo tU. 011!1' - 1 to eon· Of tile iBdi'l'lolall! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-12-07 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-12-07 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n027_19121207 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n027 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7f2308c0ee7e4cc1d5b9b56ea8fd4554.pdf e2c99bd7725777de22f88bb04359f6eb PDF Text Text THI8 18 • u y_. ~ N0.26 , ·s.........,.._ RENEW AT ONOE TO THE fllONT C>-AT l.f. Of l CONYENTION mahBlg Ddqates Fight for:Industrbl Unionism - Big Vote Cait lor Ntw of Organiutlon - Gompers Again Elected President. Fonn . Tbl" lut wH.t of Hie A. F . .t I.. Coa·1 T~o~ ..,.._. ~l"ot"' "1'1." to • .., wM · ll~hlat Rtorllelltr. S. \"~ Jllfl~f'd bt ~~~ a •t..-tltut tri..l\01 af Ill• J... Ji...-lyaJfair. Th~lalittd.-1· t'.11f 1-f<'ry..a""' .,.,...,, r.IIMI. t o ad'·~ate tllfl Til~ \IO>nl ioa af • •klJ•III'IJI: huht.,.l rial 1~ worker. from tl>e "lAp- •ai<'lu•u n wa~ t b" mNI IIII)>IUialll tln-.t JlOiat of •·lew, ..,d ..-bea t ill' of til" "''"'"'at loa. h MrttpiN a wliU. a.:IOJ>Ii•gth!'iadiiJttialfcmn <lay. t oot p.lano tka rt'nuult Tl\.- fl'lk!wialf 1~ thr U!\'Ohllina ill!,._ Of iadu&tri.al lllli<Ut\Ufl WU •hltf'd by l ilt> NiiiOfli,V: totberotwentloa. &rail to war~n vp d~RIIPi<la of tbt Sh.. rma11 law cam11 ur- h •Pf'•ldo~t flf tbr. O•i>bury lbtteu t . .e a tilt t..· toree11 th<'! So.-iali1 t 1 •n<l Sam Clompera took' pia«>. flompo:r. nmr. ,1111 llually tu det ...d bim,...lf ...d atl•r kl!<t tb<" Socialitll dil'ft l. .. •· Whf'"'U 11111 lin..,. ""' . t:~~~tntlta~:m:; :::·1'~~ -~;~~j~ I ~::;,: :~~.::m~0nl;t~PD~~~·:~I:~~~~.~,:~;.' ~ . ;' r ~orubat 11;0,:~~:,:~:,.:~·~/7.::~~~:r~~a.•,:;: ,.~; ~;::~~::",:m,~:r;::;~ ~•li.,.: u"!~h•thh..u~::t ~::'?t· ,!" ,~~ ~:~::. ~;~~~:~.: ~;·~ . :,:!~~::: .:~:,..•.~'~:, :; a..U labor. do lUll.. bet~--, •ad " Wllue••· tllf nt•i tall•b .,( tH ··vunt ry laA•·e 111R... b ...,J tb,. Sat!-... )ianurartul'l'r.' ANCI"iaLh•n Uhl ntlu~ largo. fnlj~o~·.,n' . "•~taniut lou.. , _ t•art, rnb"".,. IM'Nh,.~. hou•IDJt far tlor.lr t>Dr('ON th<'! d rtt rur tlna 11f the tnhl... ~~=~!": Hfti!if"~.,': ~!~::;'r ::. ""JV>riLJIUIU I Moo h.ola~~: " 1<>~l.v drawl! I•~IW~II r• t•ital . .,, I• You hire "1/r..,.I•·,..J, That in ,.,.,,., to think 1 tr.uow . too rnudo 11 r t hf' ! ::::: • Ra.il• lir. Ther"' ia a .,....,,.. I J"e.l th~ hhfrty nf tbe peof>l" •a• til l rnfb. whlrb of!,.,. ,,,..,.,~, thf' t on.eoe ,'•"" r~~~,:~· ..t::~r~~~;,..,~~ ~~~:tl:• I:'m~:~f:'n •:.~,,:::t~o~h:f ~~~::.~•, ~ \~~ wb~~ /~~~~~~~~~·~::lo~ll;~:r:t ~':: I ;~:~c:;~~~~:",.~:~· ~~:•;••r1~,..;"~;:,t ·:~.!.::~~ ,,,::lt~~~:.;.~::;:::::;:~:;; .,;~ '::,~~::·.::~:::.: : · ~.~·:.: ~:.·:·:~: :::.::: MISSION SUPPLIES SCABS FOR BOAT OWNERS • ~onor t ltr .to•n•~u·l r.,r thr f ull nwut , !,. Uti tho• lnr"'n"''• •• ~ho~~rn 111 frc" ~u·l , .. tunuu.•· ••~>~~•i• ~ ~~:.~~ \~~~;;~~.~... "hldt " '••. I••.:•• J • 1111111'1 inop.oti,.11 t . Jahor I• Th~re i• an in•tltuUOII at tbe 1\r'•Tn i''""~'"•i,a ..s:;~~t ioe:l~~~ t:; fo:-:;r~..U . a ad " managed .b1 '" lbe 1111me of Pickatd. ' ...idto b#'ltapt uident. ueo«<ins 111 bi~ owa ' m"d•~•l"'"'m"'"• p lead• pilty of oritPBat· trbeme, alter baYillg bad U • witb the workboUHfojD Clll\'e· 1l1o •• a pr11batiou ollicr.r In the c ity. He oaid tbtt ke bAd alwa,-. to belp llle .workiug eta..""'' be t·hat tbe oailora 011 t be lakes lli~tt-uot to lll...t ioD U.at be th oallor. u a a ezcDae job. that thry wm .o bawy :e::~: lotT:~. : : : - ,,llot · eo11dacled tb.at 1'-e aa!Jon 111,.., to a h icbf!r moral ataadatd, int.re..tN a uu•ber of pkil... t..&t owurn iu ttr.e aeH111t , aDd the _..,,k nJ eombi.i•1 relitfiO• · 111ak1 ao •i.tak l, geaU. re..Ur, 110 moat'y-makiDg HkemL Jut !~kin~ : claimed to how all : 1 .,,n ""t ,..11;1 10 ..:hnou••t fJ r.n•t~·" " "" ,.,,., t···l ,.,....; .••.:::·:~::~::::'}~:~~ .M .....I.N,,I.S.T,~E·,R...8...lA , MES ~~~ ~~~· ~~~ •. " I' ':-::..::: .~·..;:.:.:: ,::· ..:: ECONOMIC CONDITIONS . 1\::::~m~r:~::-::·~~~~;.:::~~~:::~ : f'ft:·~;~;;;;,:"~:~~';,0,~;;,:•:;:, ,~~·~~~':• :. .. 11.. .. . .::. .,l~r:~·~.~~~~~:"'~~·•:·,,t7;~ ~',;:~" Jr:~.~n~~::;,c., ur thr w,.,,. i:~! ~,:·': about Socia li•m. but b" wouiJ bl"f l"'" ~·....trratioa of ~II a•·••· d a inu1111 t~r I rl!llt, .. in ll'hlrh br baH In t••rt 1 none 11 ( it or •n•· otb£r "iam "' a round oonnl Jlrh· ll~gc>, inte rruJ•I!'fl, ' " A ~oUnlf ma u iu , ..,... Yo r k ~~~~~~r tt4!4 tberf'. All thl",-· llee<led ,..1 tberoor•l l•ooklettatllhout 00: rrnelltl1tn:>,()t)O,O()U, Ior,..hlrhb•t h•IW lie want• ' • l! ~te io wher~ "'" w•·rr. •• thl• not, Mh htr dhl be 11,111• Uldalltll arouud t be re, i•faet , t><>e>k oltiiWI, e vt-ry m1n of "" ill our '' Il l" fa ther ba•l not ehllclr tol .... l or he would no' talk to 'hem or let tbem or~ranJ.atlo11 J>Ayin~: '"'""'1·1ha ~tnt- lf'UII. Th!a youu 11 mill If fllatl'<l 011 bla !.ttlk. apif'rr to the ha tte n1 ia•t,..,t of givinlt' own t->Ur...., rnul•l out make a111 ti..Jian s;~., thi1 Iliad of • 111111 11p, ronoider lh,.m ' llot a ir. · '' 11 w..et. what a llllrtow.mibdl'tl indh·idual be ;,, " '"''"ll'ate l:ln llayl't of tbe Typo· • • 1 1ell TD<I that 1u rh thiDI('I 111 t,..,.. tbr.11 try to ft~urr the b raod of mo,.l lt"'l'lliut uoion, wit hout waitiniC r e.-011· rauN miJrf' anarrltiot~ than all tb" raollral uplif t that ~ould rome from .,...b • niti<>n, •boot"" '' Whi!M " " It Yon '''"" 11~111"11 that n 11 r ll'ere .,,.,..,. prtjudical meata-l bukral't. koow, l lr. Cbairmao, I ••• ttllmviua"At<~ll•n~. rflow tlult 10 l"'r f'llnl. •tf Do you t biak the , ... b will be op- ~... York dty, •J.,ak'l"ag two aDd thrt't all tiJII wealth o f the ~<11111tr1 I• Ia , ... Jitu.d f timeteath llil(ht for two wreka. '' ban•l• uf II~• pt'r ,...~1 . of tilt! l'"'l'kl, f ' ' And- '' fa irly tboutell Onmf>*"'• ''Tboo ~<111ntr1 l1 dl.,idfl<l intu tlttfa :•and rou •ere11n t~e othraide, •rr.•'k·~ ~._, t hr. ntrtnlfll1 poor, who awa 1111f ·~•Inn the ~ltry adopt..! by ~he l pradkalty notlllna-; tbe, rDI<t.llr! d UIIwllo, \ Amertcau Fede notooa of Utbor. \oo auurdlo1 to 0.. ttatltltl.es, owu j...t ere 011 t~l oppoelll tide of every J>OI• about !heir proJ~r .a..,. aad tlwl am&J. tey en~r~~eo•tf!d br I be A.. P. ot L. j <11t eoterie qt uttt#Jaly rid! " ho own aeulf __ a t 7 00 W11re latt 8aada7. '' aU tb<l ....Jtb lif tile toUatrr. '' """"II •J llln.,...phere of the miu ioa. nomon• I l'lli'IIUSTS fi\Dru'U UI\W1 \llrtiiR ftEl)NIMK lll.RtiUIU. w. ·~:~::.:::~.;~;:: :f2:~:::~:~:::::~:;;:i::~ LOYAL COMRADES FROM MANY ._,..,..l;........:t'S:':~:.~~·=~:.~ ~.~;-:::~,~;:::::~:::; LANDS JOIN HANDS 'AT FAIR ia the afe.. ,..., Balkta ••taa1to11. If .......t be a PH-a~ A id that tke t'roolbte witll tfetleral tlritr.e will be u.lled tllroarhotlt ;:,~:; !~;k;!;:_~',:",~: ~~:':t~~..·::,:;e;:_•:;:~~; -;:~:;;:- .~::,"'~.~.~..~ ~..:.';: .~:"!.~.~:;;..":,;:~ I.U'Ift ,.:':!.':..:::' ;;:; plied. "'"nal 'P'--., i-. r~til to kill dud. '. .'~~~~ ""'Wiou,a..il oa ~~ tbt M waa U... El••* a vll!...e liae ealla l or a • Cl.a yn pkto.r1 i• yosr •ia4'.o .,. of :::ie7:.-;.!:~:"':nAf~, .;;: .-..,tid lniniDD u.be -u.en io it.a o.-a bad& f. - lba •my ud tloey thew Ilia. _, a a tl cb.eca i.t tG r-.d e""l' ....... lta)y aa.t Aeia - . . . lllluo a :,::li r - - - - - - - - - ·ol' ...dolPian. ~t:rr iii - tar.,d aiMetl tkat lflae~ a. u,. t.u... b paJiac • ______,. thU log: I Yffq "-~=;;.~a:; :!.S:::.;;;;..-'•~r.aa...J.uJ. ~~~~=';'._ a.tN ttl• • .,.., . . (Pk:ud) . . . _ . _ . ~~beu.. P.JaW.!. en... ,_. lly• CU.,_ ea. 1:-Jy .._ du • KJ.i.- . iB ... ~~ ~~~ ~ a iOOEft OJ Hlft'O&Y. "nie 1~. ar;:.a.. r:U~..... ~~~ .... tti•::.. Bd.tS. ~ U:Of tbe pria at .... . . _ . ...... ... .......,. " ' -..1 . . . • *• tllo .,.dt. . - ll. 4tt.,•i•..J lh~ tN hclallic I'.U be. tM Mpl'._ d'«i • 1 1........... ..., 111f1U11 "-r, JNtiq f~~rWN. :._ td ·-17 fd. ,_, U.. ~~ ...,.tlttlce~t.o--• t).led<e.a.p. c..ntt-. ~~ • .,~ _.,,, • • ,._ Wlto P...t r e - llu 1-a ot _,, • tkilobM of CJ'ODI'· w::~,::-;::: =-= =-::-~':re '::":.t-:'~~ ::'lt.i7, .1~=.tr.~~ ac- ., Long be Remembered ; but These were Minor Events Compared with the Things that will Happen when Buffalo's Socialist Women Buckle in to Do their .Best. . • HAY£ MOR[ 'CARS We u•deratuod t.bt t.b tnoaciWte of a~~.:: :;u::=~·,:~M:~::.~~ bd • Debs Meeting and Election Night at the~~ n WIOOI) AYE SHOIJID c~P'ait.tsN Jib. ltwUibe.._~~. . ..._ ..,...., •td'll;.llt• -• e--..":; -.:.=a. at~:=~=~..a':: ~-:_u~.t:~:: ::...-::::. !:..Ji!':.'"!.:!. .. ~-~.= '-- .. .,ply~,_~- ~--,. ..... ,_..,. ...... U,.ta.~.. .... _ .... au-,... ~ ~ t!ae ia HaD, . . . . ... .. ~ - ...--u.as,.r.a.._.~ ia . . . . _ n.. a.cww,- ..._en¥ ._.~1 A~- U. ..-_.a _,~ 'rill tt. ~ . t • . ..,...,.taP.~ .,.......~.ton 0... ..... i.a ....... :.. ......,. ..... ...,. ~::.: ::: .::~.=::::==~:--=-~::...-In~-- ..:...~~.: ............. ~ - ---.. ~-~-- ......._ ........ ~ tlot ............ - ~'!._,;:'11!!:::~~=:::-:-:':"'".!1!:..,. ~ ~ ~-:_-.=. ~~ : ;._•u-=::-~'7 ..... .._ 4 . t • .,.. . . . . . . . . _.. . . . . . . ....,. Btrc~ls.ei&liltUitabl'a.._ __,_.~_.. f4~Yeft--~t... ....... --. ............ .,a.icll7 ... f!D· ::!; :::-:: ~1-'---,-c-.--.-.-_--.,-. - �ar~ ~u1T~ r in11: frBtn mel -nu tri t ion aa<l n lark u{ ..-hot" .... mr roo.\. tbtv ... lu· • l"t"'"l'tO.on In [..~tin ( •n ,·nn. don't ,::Ill witt). lot ~. ,..nrth or l"'tJtohoi•l• 1 ' •nd t ho• olro~:~ooh c harl(t you ahout " rtnU •::~~::.~~;·:~::,~ng~::•::.::~:i:::~::~~-~~1:~ I PIIM U 1• lrU<' of thr j!fOf'NO. do tb i.. no, \e..-~· ·· ••· •kntislo, ~0111 <l~a l o·ro otnol lkdblo41..& f0f" al!a:;a:=!:'~~~aod~~. BRODY ll'llla ,TE.Utli J:!LK''iA.TOB YLY WRB&L PUTI Oi.AS8 8'rL\M BOl LE n ....... ~:I. tiekrt to our J.y~eum No ... rom rarlo•t. 1lroy ne. tl<~ m~a'o dea dty. l~t haudul l..o.><: t ure Coufllt. uo e;cet bUI11.Dll ti e· of t he ho•i· tbit rid· in Ru~n~e auoc.iuion o r · t>~~• t SAME OLD GAME dtlu., .. lloballe1'Nill .futiC~e fllpport Ike s--n•t 8W E"e•1 m• a a11d wbo. ... ~.~. .. llle•bouldbelpto~lta Tbe &.men apiA 1o0wu! tlooo .,oma.a aplatelltU da~~:~ Pd w;~:; ,:! !:6<10~\. ~;.:.! Coo.g'!" will l inn _,.ow, • �Socialist. Fair ··~:·· .· .fllDDilO.W ..t, Ill. 9ll: . ! ~-: ·. _- '~- ··\ -A~- • H A I.,. L F R A N Ki:- I, N 112·W- ~leSt• . · FOI BENEFIT · Buffalo .Socialist ':'ndor u.u e pl~ Club Music. Refre s hments. Buy your Christmas Pres~nts at . th e ==:FAIR==: . J , J, Q UI NN 25 COOS- OUR BIG NOON DINNIR - 25 COOS The soolal Hit ofthe Season r . 3rd llrand BaH .Masque g h ·en by fh<' BUFFALO emJ>Ioy .. <l ia Cobalt. i agaia!t a per day MERCHANT TAl .R•k ,., ' "Capl~rs 1tt Cn•m ' Scandinaoian Branch tho Poreupi oe Ont., ha •·e go1111 prop011ed retl11ction in t b.t-i r .... ~ The ill 01" ~- 8 . A.. Jl'. A "t S a •nifOrbund Mull rr••• TllutNJWe./HO M~IeS.. rmJ>lored in nu.aerou. other Owiag 10 tbe hrt t b:l.! 1 ,., 8 ~ num- llflr11J EVIQIIf, lecell lr 141ft, 1111 . ill tbP. l'oreupine ~-""'P thrM t e a ~'"- o{ &eiallatt ha,·e esp rr .,;d ,. ,11, Lelb'• O r ebea tn. · H and1orile Prl:re. go oat alto. ,(~ to j oio t he Speake rs' Cluh. or~"" ~ f r-Hhmen LI aenl'd. A.dml.alun, 26oo . WDf co~~o~~ l.l>uupolll, M.,.,,.., :\;:;~:;,.lOb~o:~r~;~~~~~~·;b~~:.-~:t~~~'; 1-'ift) ·two uaio11 a t tb e Headquarten, 52 w .... t t:...gl<' Socialist wants work t~n ployi!'d i_11 tbe whuJeule S treet, ud uten•U a •·try rord ia l in· ARTHUR OPLER ac5::1 Bro..,dway Dutrtbutor of lObi we blra• aad; b.a ew Rastil ac Olpr, aJ.o. . 4 days rif Wttk. ~-ta nager Or B u siness 0 Offlce Furniture wo rk. a lter bei ng on et r ike 1"be aextTeting will he be!tl 011 Mou· Exchaoife \"flllilatiii R IJ"IIern witbio but 10 ceo t 1 a •n~k i 11 1l ue• wlll be t ime or forfe it &II amount paid by ea cb member ill o rd r r to ...-euu wltb tbe law lfO•·erllillg t ho 11ece:u.ary boob and IO J' &J' ot ber £~UA~~ H e~~~r. Pig Nlo plel11 Olpr OUpplnaTRY Tt-IICM 3 :;:k!::•: tojo~:~ •·-•······ I "•I~•Y ~:·ol:::t~~~.~~;:·,.,.'!:~ ~:~.,:::.nio;~ ~~:~;':: t~ ,:t Hut!· Mi:!o:poll~~l ~:i:· ~:tu::vec·<>~: ::~o:b t o ,•~',.:': I of f aetorl e. .an<! wor k· of tb e du b. Co mrade Sa m AI · _ _..::..::__::___:::__::_=.:__ Ftt giiC SIGN WORK Cllll B. SERNOFFSKY BOI Willia m Stnet LcUertng of ~'11 do iiCrfjJ{icm . Q. Nu t Suoda7, l;)ee...ber lit, Cloarln · . Ball, J r., w ill lenunt· on· "SodalinAIIIeria' ' attbe hud!JO&rtC~nof 3, at Ki.opto,. •a H e ll "oa tbe ot lhl n nd Ferr:, ttreeta. b:;~:, ::~a i::!e:i:~~=~ 1l0re. Comn.do & II will • bow pil&HI wbl eb t he movement wo rkirtl dau baa paged tb rougb bi r t h iathit eountrya11dm eny ea:b::~~r..'::. wbkh tb e "party A R M E MA NT E IIICIUllf ... lmllf Bell , B~n!· 1m L. Conachafter · FUIERAL DIRECTOR ta3 Waliam St., Buffalo, N . y, !f= t. Opp;.6. St--. · • .f.l. AugU8 . Klenke TtDRST PARLOR JI" U!ll:rori 8 H x n !t OO MB 1271 Gen...e Street, EDWARD S.FRANKE "Iumbtng anb held br the Debating of Br&.~~ eh 3, lut SOliday, tt Q a pat I U« t - . •Th e •object, Natural OM Wor k 1 Specialty tllat th e Sor il.l i.J t Pa rt y Tl ~- C,tt,---dt, !L/>,1'1'•!., . .. .. 011 Jadn~trial Unlo1111m'' Ga e J t by tb:e nes•tf•·e. ' T hat t )Je tn PIEiliT TMii AD .iad fd 10 Pat" Cnt ~~~~ E. M • .Kohler ShQa '~ Buffalo �- Blm'ALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHING aiiiPANY .SlY,.a..p,.,_.,w._ .....,..~,....... . ._,~N.Y. . -~~.;;......w.., ·- ~-.CA~ror'l. ........ ;.w... ~ ~r..•uo,..,.. ~· &.*'ld u ~-c~.. _..... J . . . s. 111!, . , . _ pa~~t; ~Dalraln, N••'Torlf~ ~ar\heA6td.lllareb_l, um ON INDUSTRIAL To th.- unini1iated, tht vii'0\1.1 at~eh, full of crimirn1tio u . a J::ai\111 tlu• adopt ion of the tndu1trial ul.iun. mllfle lo)' a llffillli groUJI of 110-caUed ''leaden" in lho·.Aa"ri'"'" l F1••l... rntion of Labor, 11111111 be tUffieult to underttand. of Rnuntl mint! muM! renlize t hat the indnstriil fonn of 0'<'""an on, L . :in whi•·h nil "ork(!NI in any industry are membcN of one Vll ioo. ill th~ onl,\' uwthoo l or o rgEill iJ:ation whil't:' can h ope t ht- lou1! ]o•ft cif Jnhor 11 11<\t.:r prelOf.•n f-dlly f•OIId itioml. l.o·l 1111 e :u uuino· tlw 11ituatinn and anilyte it. . Whnt ('11••· •'11/l t lw ro· J,.. fur tlw tl i \·i~ iMl iut n •· rAha o f n group work 111 tlw ..llrn•· mnr·hi tw f F nr o·ltrllnJ•Io•. wh~· Khonld on n lvcuruo l i\' t· bo·lutrjl to" rrniou orjlt~ni1.11tion orr" to w hi•·h rh .. fi...,mnn hf lnn ).(R. or llu· oiil·r. o r I he the udtdrnHn 1f From thr· rd~< u•lphi ur ••f lh•· rrniou rolllll. f'\'f'r}' Honrurn•lndmilthnl it iK folly lo 11plil up I he wnrkcMI into a < < n <>>l titudo l '~"'"' of 1\'ll r rinj.(' t·tr1fiK, i llliiN<d of 0:\' E Bl( i 1':\'10:\'. hur. l.•t U!< lllippOIII' llrur you rttl' ' ' c rnft union IPad••r. rhnt you nr.· fthlr• to " fi•·ll our" thnt r·rafr r moKI•·r •·hu"' in I' ll"'' uf 11 lll tikt•. Thl.' fa vorite ml.'thod nf t o tht· mru•l l'l'! l i~ lty trlt'll ll~ o f Miurpl>· t hrust i n~o; ft • p ut l' into llw 1it uxtiou . 110 thnt oru• union may u rrio n inlll"ll•l of figh l inl( thc mnste MI togd he r 1'i· twltJ<I In 11•·11 out ,n.lu wou l1l J.,. IIII'Uinlll 0:\'E B I G it 1\'0lli•l nwnu thnt you worrld lw 11ho rt o f tlh' JlO\\'Cr to f.lil·l inru\1 1\illpUtCII 1 .,\I~O it liAS ;\" t-: n ;n JU; t-:;\" BEATE:" BY THE M C LA}{S. E n·ry d •·f· ·"t of lloi• workcn1 hM !JI·•·n ('hU~ctl by WOili\EII ~ TIIE:\IS EI. \'1-:S. 'rill' Ktl'lltegt hr11in in thP world thOuj:hl u \onf of hro·n•l int o cXifltcnco.'; the lofti~.--st mi mi on I'Ollltl nnl lir•· 11 Jo,•oouotil·c. w ithout 111ronjt. rn~o;gr.tl bamclH. tin jl Olll' llt'l of wnrkt'l"!! a l.'niu NI the otlwr 11el of wo r kcN the ,·Jn"" lutiiHIII'n·••• lhl iu ruling, " lid lllll'l'et'lled in winning th•: nrn~<t••r ..InK!! ll''l'llrul•• inlo 11111nll grotrJil< t o t iiHud " !<•Jim hh l••r,;T :\or 111 all. Wlwn " 1 Mcrcl11111111 1111•l ;\l nll1 tfll•·nrr•• r~:~' .·\K~Ot~ i11tion. ho• ¢Otnell f'llll'lop•r . witlmut ro·l,"nrd In whnt pll r t icniRr tl1ing he 1 kllll\0'11 thnt till' illl•·r<·HIII of ull t'lltplu~'I'OI lito' idt·ntical. :\l" J) TII AT i '~l•oh•< 'o Il lS J.'\'J' t;;HE:-;Ts .\B E 0 1'!'1):-'ED TO T ill-: 1:"\'TEUES TS O F' \\'(IR~F:U!=:. . l u Clflwr ,,.,,r•h1. th" "'"'1'1")'1·1"!1 Rr c (' ! .:\~~ ('0~8C IO I 'S. fil!ht f uj:•' IJwr lljlll ill~l tht• t'lllll!flllll t'IWIII,\', -I IH' ' I'I IIAA t h•·.1· 11~>111111,1' win. -1101 J,.,.,.u~·· .. r tlwir · . I 111 ~UJII>O~•· ,;,.,;;.,, 1'1'1'-'1 ~~:.•t:· ~:, ~r;·/,\'..::~:·/~~· ,~~ ,\';·~·~·;·r~:;r~r'i:·;;,:~·· ,::~~"::; ,';!::~~":':n':!~';:·~! l -~===.====="'=========~~~,.;,.,======= 1 L\ .\ l ~·~, wnrk 1• 1~ tl~o·m~o·ho.,; CAPITALISM AND CIVILIZATION· up 1o f1 1,. ro DE:'-1 :\S']) ,. , ·, ,. · . ('•rit•li•m bu dur<'<l the field of "·ould b ve pre•'fDted from Mmi11g made·to·ordcr '' pubUe opiDioa'' aod t ion ~of lh•• ··rnfr Ill! loll~; ., , ., t );\" E 1\lfi I ' S IO:\'. Tlu· ll'nlll 11 1·\uu w1· to'"'""'" 1\'lllll to kt·t·p t h o· t~mk11 tli,·td,·tl. so r.hn1 u l 1 .i <>f tbe rulol:i. b, ..,.hieb feud· ialo uittellu it it could. But t.he to tbe fuciDati 111!' enml,'le ot ••aue· till,... 11.•· 111"1111~ nf J••·ll.\' ~' lllhhhh•t;, tlwy w all 1,. ultl~· tn ,),·hn•r ~flll11'· 1 • 1 ••m had l•rt ~ ftrr •t• ~"" h11.d M't. fact i• !bat caritalif.m made tbe laboo- ~u, ' ' aud iadividual iiiHillive th illl-!' I•• l lw mn~l•· •·.~. Tin: 0 .\' I. Y Tlll :\0 Ti ll': ~1 :\ST EH~ \\'A\:1' I! h~• olon~ •""•Y ..,.;th 1~1-!'ml pri•·lle~ee• 1mo,.eme11t 1-.oible ud ~~dally the a)mOlil whon... <le1'oled to the acquiai· T ilE) ! '1'1) lt ~: L.I\'kH \ ~ 111\' 1 ~10:\ \\' 11'111 :\' T ilE ll:\;\"KS OF ~f H ta te. or ..utcs; k hM rrlien•d 1Socialilt mo•·ement ; that ~•pitalialll tioa of w~alt la. l •ndultt." ot t bc r,.tt,._,.. whi .. h hintlerl'd r ru tN tile toadit io111 tro111 .,.bitb Ute 111 short, mankiDd baa ~,ee11 Qeri· L .·\ 1\0U. W 11 tt·h t h•· mm 1 w 11o unlnJ::nnit.l'~ (';\"E IHti I'S IOS. l il•.. d••·elopmrnt; it ba, fr~ t~~ ln· l lll.bo~ mov~cnt pro..eedl'd, t ha t It uJJ. !red to t he ~anomie iliterealtt of Ill ---dl.,dual frnm tb• ho11dag~ of •futJ\Dal td 11110 bf.illr;t the eeo11omh: clelll~fttt dtu; ma 11 "•• beeft ,..,fit«!! to thl Fu rIll.'' h••ll 1 !J,. ·· J)1. 111:uul of thl' Jwo·pul" f ur HnOMI'\'!•1 1 Hh runk ''''"1'"'1i•m. h h~~ let loo." "~' t.b~ l• t- "'bit h "'-de tt .aeccll&lr,T, a11d educated (Oalidnatloa of IWitnial pia, •hill· whl'h 11 •'h tl h· 1., !Itt• 1•01,,,., Wlllln'l h 1 ~~t an•l olumWrtnK forr., of onoll'·odual the mea alld ,.~1111!11 who built. Jt up ...tiu llA!' IIMD Pnilked to tl•e JIIKAI •tul ~orporat<t init iatl•·e in httr:r line anti ga ..e it IUbtltan(e u 1d for111. wllkb OUf!bl to be ita fouadationa, If , 11 , . 111 , 11 ~,., 11 w 1•nlrh wit lwut l'rudtll'iu~; unythiug, otlwr mNt of bu~a'n arth ·ity nd tbnught. • .nd Ot eonrae, (Lj>ittlian l!.ade itulf lxtt aot it. aim. lllmi J•rll•l ll•'•· 1\t·uhh wit !rout jll'lt itrl-!' it. T IIO!'\E P HODI '('ERS :\RE l'' .o da un••1. 1"-'A0""1 !r::1~om111 10 ' "'til paid for tb01 valuable •r•i<'e• It T?.. reve..:e t bitt tcnduty of our preHf'II I I! E it nttol th••jr 1111111lwr iw·lud••ll nil wnrk"rfi. who nrt' ~lnl'ing for atocDabl.f ttgbt of ••·~ry 111111• b.. rendere-d to tbe e ..olotlo" of to· Hnt Hf:iety, Soo:iali - hat be.-11 calleo:J nuot lo;,•r 's l'ro1it · It would be foolit b n recogoi~e rieiJ' aod to ci•iliutiDA. 1t claimed iato ui1teDce. Soelalitm D tbe aal· / lhf' faet tb:ot eapitalllllo bu done . . . it.Jduereward Dolblo~r l- tbutbeuralaadloxitalud biJhly ue -ry :\l:tr k llun t}ll J•r··d i•·h!•l t hnt iu Ullti woulll come thl' liltpr-eme l llood day'' work. u~efol, vah,1.1ble, ownenhip ef the IIAtural reaollreet "' rea~tlo11 to tile r:w.I'H ~eclllllll.eHiili•lll l>ltl lh· t.. •t~> •·•:yltl ..· ~ucitdi~ tll nnd tl"' plutOt'rntic p11rtics. The q u ell· IJ•Icnilid work, Ill tbe f"otea of the tb01 n rtb aad tile abeolut.e ~o11trol ..t whlela today peqec:r•~ all Ito••• re· II! ~1'~. V 011t royalpr.riDMf"A"'!. 111111 did It rufne tbe ...,..., dlplt7, it might •I..J ~ibly iot~ft"' witlt •le of the eopyrijfbt~ t:-t•m.rlk tbe royal •Ju&: • t.._, M bra"" lio11, the head of tloe t b,...tr.:l dirt' f•IUtlal:n.wn(l f ' f<'lue ,..., reJI"'At.-d• . An• ao, tbe royal doplty wu But lii'IDif or • •lt'BIOO'rllk tal"'l, jllll _ . , f'IIOUI(b to ~ tlutt liM pilotopapller w'IU P IIIIo tbe ~ - · ~11 • BOther c.,,..~, • ad tftu.... "llaoo • f"'•alotol Yl ~ llll)'th.laiC about • .,.ltool·teulter tm('e"Dr tltat hoe abo\lld &11~ II'"Pbetwbo' IU110. w<'l .kllo.>w " ' • loot - - · ~·•• 1 tb_at tile J•houlrrapbl!r -14 !~~::,:~,.~:· ;;·::·;,~:,!IJ~,:·Ii~~-:~~·l~;:;:.~r\'';~,'~ ~~~h;~·~~~~·~:~~'it~gll•r tht- ~ialil!t :I;;,~~~P;;;:"'o~!"~;.,e:d ';;~:·~~ ~~ :~;i~::o~;:_~o::'til:f ,:;,:;~ta~!: ~~;:::i :.;:"f:.i.;O:~,':!:':t:, ~:-,: ~~.~;.;:rear;~ thaoge tbtt ac.bicTellleDU of tapitalilt of lbe capital~ 1y.le111 a11d tbeor.r of ..._.ke 111. . tM ...ter of W. eeODOIIIIC t'!rnlcntly, Wr. WU.. t.ekn lnho~· ~f ~~~;:ll~·~;:·,.;;?~ ~.~·~;:~ .~~~~~if;;,': 1t~~:;r~1h~~e ~:;;,!~~·.e ~i~t:,~; :~:::r P!~:, ~ it:'~i;:·a ;:~~ !:~· ~ice~~~~::,t,. '!e~~:"~~m:~~ :!~•! 1~~;k7~~:":~~ ;::; t.hu hull '~ •·•·e . \\'e mi~thl 1111J that there a r e mON !IlaCcJUCr eaux on Ddnwtlro• ;( n:nu e thllll there a r e on J.>earl lllret:'t. - - - -..,.., ' Th•• flNit f>llllic dm• to "ol•er ·produ eti(u; " waB in 1837, the !fccond our labor 11"0"ell!ellt, playiDg oo 111H.o r •rt io Uo• bl•tory of our owo day a.ad gh-injl' promlle of bKo111.lDg th 111.01t iiAJI(trtaat fltllll' of ..ueial lit•,. II al.., power of society, bttt a1ao aa the 11of ..~ tnllj 't.h-lllud --'-'1• to f~.,e dltary ow11n of !be wealtla of utlou, . . .k~ fr01!a tile ct.poti•"' of II• owa aod t be e~lolter of t ile workla1 peo- erMtor.:-eaplta.l pie. A11..d under ita coatrol, 'lllldilpa\.111 Tod.-7, wile• tiler. It a Deed t or ~eflow_''c.· .- - - ' - ~111o~~7~1~~!~~~;~i~~:~)~ 1~r~s~~~~~i1~~. ~.;,~~~~~e~e~~~~~nro0r1fa~~~~~~~~~ :.~~~:. o~~;.,~~;m:~ w;::lo:! :::~ ~~~ e..'f'e,~': !~,:; :: =~1-=~·~~~ ,';!~~~~:!~'·-.':'.:::'~I ·~;;.;; maeh iuery u ndl'r t hiH 11 bfi\Jnl .,.·a ge·ll)'lltcm whtch forct'fi under.~n- the 111.lad• that tin lite aad -..nero 111 llttmpt iou' wh ich eunbiCM t ho wotkin g e l~ to buy bllck only a 11111all tbat lll.o.-emetJt, !rJtetion or t h ll lf"c&lth it makct. · It do11 oot matter tbat t ile u.p.italirt elus did DOt creata tbe labor =o• c- TWO ' PARADE~ trlppled, ecofloJaie deepotiam took .l ll'e plat-' ol caat.nle, ilpl ~l:rilepl we.. rep)aeed by tbe priTDIIM wlaidl tile ~oa of u.p\1.&1 ~ 0.. NigA Ia, will It ~1 , Aad tile wi~ it; 7ie\d proh for tbOI!e • Ia, U.e ... .tt of p ldf Uader tile deeftln q111alio• will "•. ' 1- · ·"•- ~~:~:~d.::t,;:~t~~...~~~·"c~:~ ";:;;~- ;:,r:~!O::f~';; -~by u.. !~;:. ~·mq~~:o!';·,t.e si:i:~i:d:d.~~::~~~!~~:~~! ~~r~=e~ :b~~~~:d ~;.-:~y:Ja~; :':ir~·:~e t~:!p;~:. m~e·;.;:;~ . ..~-:~~:7 ~:~·:..~::'O::..:i~~~ ~":.t~~ w~~~~~~~::!:. ·~:re or the cunn ing pNtttl~ or the ct\pi~Ai i.t J~pers, ~nd misled by .t he · :pat- , ftuet d~tired to rome about, a11.d wllleb we' .,. ea.bjed.ed lo t.lla 4ietalee of a fulf riotil'" ujfflt' o r C()rY·hOok plat ttudea Into gomg back t o. Bulgarlll t o =============='==~==~======~== ! '• :~~~:~,~~::,~~~~~~~·~;it·~~:::~~~i~~~ ~;;:i~r;;:~g;rt;:~w~:~~~~:ve;re~:~:~~ 16,000 SUICIDES LAST YEAR ~~~tli\~:/,~~~;~~r"::,~~~~~:~.,.~~~. 't'l thl'y we.re needed for ~hu part.tcular 'n:!t ~~ ·;:u:e•~ = oiU;b: !;,~ ~~."'tb~:;. ~~::~~~;!~de~::.' -.,_more ~'" , - ·~ ..:··-~~:;__ nu~.!!~' ~~~~:::,'17..~~~:\11~~~~·~::~;:'!1 ~~ 111~:~~::'re~l~~ ~~:~·~~d:l~."-( !~~~~ uooo Sru4. P1&1.11 :anaLe4 lel4 of toeU, for 1la""-,_,s- o.ltb t he llellt The 8ot~ahtl pbolotopltJ' 11 tbe J M hf~. ~e ~ be b ~ WIDDer bore of tbe •orhra. ro""~d, ,- • I ~·;f:w~.:~~:.~~k:::~~:~~ ;~ 1 ~';~: :,~~~~~~d!r 0~":\:~~ 0So )~:~e:~:. ~~ tlorl~s til'll'~llliiJo'N 11pphrud tltf' " heroism'' of th!Se Bulgarian "fall Statca. th 1• tlle";:,a:r ~:~~~~~:~t tbe ~Rit.: ruteea tMu.ad pcr~~~ot who de ~ar.l • 1 tl up- ..rd •lUI tM 1'1111 llaiUDe.ot •• 111ade opo• dded .. \lie.,_, 1911, tlo~t hte wa1 ope ud "-'•eu tor tile if you prder, tb• • utbo.rity or Frederick L. uoa. . ., aot -~ IM .ma,:,k 'Kh·l t· .• ~~~· ~., t oa.rt aot 4eatla •lut• there mcuou!i also to he " ]l&trioll" ai11l go out to fight the battle1 1tatiaticiaa for tile Prudullal Iuu- •-.at:ioa ol U.. .--'~ e~nlosat•o" •w~t.J llill Jett izl Ute.-aMarU.r GU''II. " ot l"'r Amcrit·JHt .. fn \1 guy·11 "---CAII 'em pat riota " -iii for j,. t~~:·,,'.~.~~~':'rtl n gootl d eal nhout the \'Aat n u mber ofalain in tbia ::•aa~fe':!!u.ea~~~~~t~ ~~: ::.~r..' ,_::~ta,.:;:e .::De": t : ; : Jooru\ Bocllem.r, Pa. !!i;~~~· :~t·~;~~i,~e:: ;;~~e't;:,:a;;n~tro~·n'!t'::t~0i~ r:;;m~~:~ ;·t:i:~~=q=~-:e':e~~~e:-Z: :-. ~U:: ~';: ~~~~~:~ It ~ · U::..u~,-,.,. ,,.,•.1-..,.,,.. n e.nl t'!~pitali11tn who 11pill moll of t be ink and t h e.- hot air but none of aprellel ID all ililt.ory." '. ' t.t.-. Or-.t :;rtur>_" f11~ tlllcid; eopla/::;:'~ • n •.,.. 10 t.he blood. ahou t ··patrioti•m.'' lu,·ing their mangled eorpss to be }0,~a~eo~11t~r~f1er mu~h·lftuded food tho• p arade of the Bulgarians who .,·e~ t,"Oing " patrioting " to r the mute r claM. tbere waa another Jlarade in Bufl'fl lo. 1'hil time it waa a parade of the fttrilrinr ho tel· 1!'orkenr 1\-ho weN' fight.inR ror h uman condition& The rapit•li!t nenr,•t~nl me~~tionffi it. only t o aneer at them. No talk or "p.a.lrioti.am, ' tht.rt'. even t hough the hotd·'lliOrkers were fighting a battle f or betto.'l" 11\-in c eouditinna for a ~at ma..a of human bf.inga ; while the Bulgarian11 1"ere m•n:h.ing a way to tight onl1 f or plunder and '9t"'la~-... UUt U - :::~ ~i•P=•:.. Uoa!..::t7:.:-toppl;:"',a1..;..~ e:ti~ :.:::=nell -:; ~=lar ~t,~11111ii',A e.U. ltls.-~.;.;-cblt7t.o :a~ a:!:.":,:~~ \:-w. aew tltat it life lt •W1 • ab'l.qJI fp a. :Ce Mplll• au 11111 ~~ rataed Ia ...,0 Ia tao _.,... tt u4 • baJ'I uiate- ~ ~ erNie to U. • 1 d tl•e~a-i'" • • wu :.,.~• ._... . . . .too.,. ...we.to Jl'"'e, tllal lite - la aet wortl 'tlla ::'t ·~- .,:t••·~~r A..aa.Uate 4 b7 -Ttac •troJIIe. Vu an ttUakiaf &114 '-'" ieale4 :::..q~" toUJu d ~ ....; at \11.1 "-, 111 IRia~ •P tM ~fa aa tapn.... tl 11 . • ; :.d : · 1'•· ...t~... . _ 1ea4 to u. •eat I• t lleif ~. .d.ltiou. _ Thy laa.ft p : ~~~:: 1ll. ;~ • t ~ e~· erilla e ~ ~ ·~~&lied life i• tM lio&l&aee .... tM,. ~ ••d 4 ~--~~ u. ..,.. am- ......,_ ,_,. .._! ti ;;:.':J =: ·=· · the·;.':~~~=-=~~·~~·.:it, bfd ~= !~;! _: ~t, =-~ =~ :;dto~~01 ~:; ..,.·~, ~tl! =.,~:. -~1"=..:.:~ &a4 ~,. ._. tk_..._ . r ee ~eeaL ·'. .a ,.... g;~·o~ti~~~L~rE1~ ~~!d :or~~ •!~P.:eo ~~rwe~>~ :te~~!_J! r~lalof~tk '"= ~·w'::. U~;.~~ :,;o:t=r,1&:.-• _1~· ~ ...W.7 w-. .... ,.;)<, nl lho p lul.oe,_,.. ""''1"1"" piml"l w,,.. you mpid ononOh ' " ' . _,..., - · ..... .., "-'' ::':'.:: :,", ,... ,..,, ... ,... l>o !:..,.-.,:::"'-,.;+;.,-"""".....111 11 ':u':eut.::·d i lference in the attitude o f the capitalilt Ut"'A'Wp&pel'l t oward tbele t'A'O para~! bto-!r - :..•~~::t ~e:~~\~,~h:f ':tu;t~,~~n~a,:: •.:.:rr:e~.-e;~ ~.:-.::,.~~"'" ,_t__, ~.:--::; t...,. ~lean U('l thf'ir kit~h~n11 and p rovide aanitary C!OoditioDa. 117 . .,.. ~ ... , It ...a h~llh tor a gr't!'&l m. . of lloiDUI briasa ~ kiDM _ ._._ ~ ef u bona ~uttioa&t • a..'t 11M ~ . .... Ma • t~~e~ ' • 111' " Well, think it onr for y ourvlf and l'@&~h -ome eootlusiDnL It'• ltoe. - h n _. tt ' - ao worth while. fw U.... fB'D ..... ..Ur ..,..._ ltotce" 11'hi~ to • ·lll aeaon impr.wNI *"" . .._ - · - - · . ,_.~..::; ::u-:::. == .. ,_ ~ 1n- _,.... hiWI7 '--r •ad d.,....a $Ma • • . . · tM - · 1• -...'let. , • fta ledallll ,.,v It Piftfta !"--ad .-wee Mat ,.....,. ,..... 6at II ~ ,._. .r b•'t It ~ ..-t~ wu a-t _,_..., doe "nllbn We ...t ...U lite - - • ......_ t.11u ~ • . _ _ ItT: tjSL....,., - . tM- """"""'"''"·· ---7-~~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-11-30 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-11-30 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n026_19121130 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n026 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e51debedc02c966e210f44a837c6478f.pdf 32ac7fd6f8a7f2f0b0da8f52f1123730 PDF Text Text THI'S IS NO. lfYC*&" . 25' S.bouiptico &,oaa RENEW AT ONOE �· CfSY 6. SPAIIQIS All All. !fATURf Of . BIG SOOAI.IST (oi..d.aaed fro• J*Ce I) ···_-fhe..Big.~ ·• e• ( n n In • ·an. December V"'!" ·:. To lut fbr a w..i. .. POR 8INBPIT ~ I . $./.. ~ ' I . .. . ~ i"t: BUFFALO .~fst - \! W?m:en;s Club fit; Busp! Stnd Don6tlons/ • INSURANCE e. wB.J:;~TON 60i ~.~of~,~£· LACKAWANNA. - FJHE TE&.Mri J::LEVATOR I'LY WHEEL PLATE GLASS STEA.M BOII..EK 19Madowt..n. - Our Olaplay or - Uirio11; Ubtl Suits 6nd Ootrco6ts · . 1'or Cbli 1'AII Ll "'1 eo.i-bn.tn ud ~ -'...Hna. . jmee..,.. lower lha.c Moa·UIIloa OIIOUIION UNION HATS, 81:1IBT8, k . THE .ENTERPRISE L.; H. ABELSON D e a l e r In P u r • a n d Millinery O.t )'Oilf V'Un GO• aod an bolD 10 kl 10 per oaat. :383 W• U.O do Repalrtar ~oad lteiDOdtJlor a1 YeO' low~ . FroatWl719J a........ St-reet. �.metzgtt & to. Ill'S 1141S All F..s.,.._.~ , 1111 n-. 1111 .......~. . ............ ·~-.Jo•eph Wuts .u. PHOIIa.lto'W'AaD IH'-It coats at $22.50 BA.WPLE ROOM .c...,_..,.,.... ..... c,..,... ~._ II5DI5 Bailey Av•nue. .c/.w.nin;. Preasin§ ·····~··· LH. BAKER &CO. 353 Main Street IroquOis Block �. • - ~-....,oYSULTBYTH& . BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBUSHING OOMPANY 5lY. &.p,..,.._3nl&oor IIA&TUtii&ISLall, . . _ _ · --~~.~lldflow IR.JPPALO,N.Y. PR.UQt~.·- Y. P. CA~.r~. ~,.PrbJ I JXJ,.;o-,5Cklb:IIMMIIIIII,pa,..W. ta~ . ~· EoLI:!r'Od • MI!Ond-cl. . maUI!I' JI!Jle IS, Ullt, M tbe- pon omc; a& ' B~, N .... YDI'k,u.oderthe.\d ot liUebS;l818 SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 23, t9J2 THOSE "DAMAQINQ ADMISSIONS" • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-11-23 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-11-23 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n025_19121123 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n025 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/1dfb89ac6e8053f6cb479542701832a6.pdf a83eac06c3cb8c9d66fea6e73dd558c5 PDF Text Text THia Ia NO.2~ ~ ~~y- ~...­ RI£,NEW AT ONOE �F~,i\NKLIN HALL t !'OR~ _,. BiJFFALO Atleut, jot!JJiaa lrorD tile ottb.-dift'erntto..,rad~at ten 0.. Pl.tllt a.hu ~alectin pla.,. wr ha"e mapped out for br yur, willmt.keiiOlllaofthe talillt f)lllitidaottitopandtah ltMp your eye oa Lodrpon . 'rile ~:aveo"ofit. so'aAqsT. wornefi's citib eajoyabll8 S.unday algbt, so..ember 2, tlfrh a good atteadsaco that it I n 1peat M oo S o•embfr HI matir , llod'• nand. lt yoa -~ T'- will be MuA:,--~ rood timr nm.. aod b ri 1111 '"""' !liollday rtlj:bl . So•·emt...r 4, t o hol.damHtinR' oatbtt Ole wuthrr .... t oo cold, '11'1' drmoll~trated that we ha.-e ...d F~. F...,aod-- F - . GET ON THE. JOB. "' THE COAL BLACK VAMPIRE.f" Af'!_,.'~:';~.,~~~tlle d11g allole, Aod it111:::~:~~~:u::'k.:O~~ De .f.l'liQlf'd •-y HI!IH work ••• do•"'· t:•mu•oo . .dl. Aad toau'wtw.a 'twa.'O\'U lie h d dug • loa, A.ad loe 1•iat~ J'""-'dly to wbat be bad t : Yep&f_:!'OU&IId l / ••n, it _wua'~ u,•. - t thd It " " digiar a tO. ud pttliiJ • la•p, Ttt.al made IIi• u.y, " l'lll a Jft&l biJ dnnap," E.-e11 U }'Oa aad L · Aad U tlid ill th laole on a olipl"'ry pole ADd worked like tU dirkeat d iggiag roal, t:"'a u yoa ud I. ' So what did he do wile~ t he t n1tlt lie foallll, E"e• u y1111 1U1d l, lie w eal rigkl bad: to b i.8 bole Ia tbe gr<llll'ld, Aad dar oat • toa aad COl • pcKIIId. · W'-" f:f'eo&l~aaad i. · .11 ��. Tlwre: .,.,. • Sowu •laow at Conn· A'Jllrifbt nlllblt iii ri~tau... ~l:lcl ,.., Tbe l!o••; abo• •• .,. pnea hOD Hall lut ~k. To • Sodal>.t It riety, J*rtleWarly ir Yarle~y.· We &II boqtt tbe ba.dt o( tbe •qp wu • woadtrhl.l eoo.binlioo $if uhibl- klow th'~ tile pbllo p&rb do ut pto- 4orillta. Bllt U It Ud INu :~~~~d~:,::~·~~:o:t:;1 ::.~=~ ~== ~~~~~~: !::,-:~::.:~~-~~;. ~::~~;~~~~'..~U:!o:::,~.:: PUBl.lSKa:P Wllllltl.Y' BY THS BUFFALO SOC!ALIST PUBUSHII'IG COMPANY P-P-•...1 SlW,EqltStr~:Wo- ,._.__! II.AaTlH HIIJSUUt, " Haot~~n.;.~nct,3tdn- ..... prodo«d for their- UH ud- .planll ID pou, 111d pre.ated a pietou p'leuure (i..IIIJ qu.lilie., a.a· a:tltlet. of ~.017 to deUallt t.be eyt aad ·Lb• jlt'Odoeed l:llerely to H.ll for prolt.. n - -burt. . four u.b.lbitll ot fto'll'tl"' pi'Odoeed Tba e.Ulbltt of tie lllop-lr.eepi.a ftorliM aud .~eu!!J!. "naat Bowen in• 1111fer.cl mvda '.by C!OID.pari.oll. 11 ~Ide. BUfFAi.o,N.Y. Pll.AMit I.Hit.l:!fPRIIW. · w . ... c~.8V~"7"N~Y. ~Prict St.OOper yur,SOcttlzmolllba,.payahleloatiY~. · ':'.a!:' =~~~~~~· ~~~~~: J~~ ?' eve~,. E111ered u iOCOOd-clau matter Juae6. 11112, at tbe po~& ~.lei, Sew \"urk, uoder the Act of MI>I'Cb a. 1819 c.moa '' SAT.URDAY.""'NOVEMBER J6,. J912 oot raiN <IMII prodll~t :"\ow !hat the eampe.ign ot 19 12 i.'l 0 \"er . it behooves the mf'mbert~bip tUld p r epare for the th~ /:::· r~~~~O:bt~~~ \~~e u~t Thcwe ud,. were aud beau· rook! 1 ~ ~=u~:~:~::~~~~d,T~:~ liberal '* Pit.t~ a.: ea~rawthi ~-~~z.-.:!fo. .~,:: ;.~~:•. Wr. ftooM,.tJ\ W ~ ~ "aar:P' .. :::;~~ :ax;~~~..:;do:'!i711~ ~: ~~·. : : ~:~~~l~r~::~ e!:;bi:u~~~ ;:,~~~ brewllla elltirtlr ot growiol plaua 111 ;::f~~· · Who •ld o~be aeytll-ia1 fn.llklr, we 8odaU•U 4oa't. flap. u a m.aa •hot. 10 re4 har " tile emblr.m ot brotherhood, wby, let hlmp · THE OLD GAME REPEATED Tbc~e ara a few mil io.u of wo~klot· The hut work to do i11 to get into !hi' h11nds o r the workers good, ~~!~~~:\{~;::~~~~!-i~~OSr~~i111~e~ 1~~~~ ~~~~~:.~or:t,t':t~~n~rh!'.ra:~~ ample er~rldte Ill tbat liae. But ~: .t~a·r,Ual . Ta~t';.";pl:i~: ;~~! ~~!~:! 1:h:~:~~~: :~~:::~ ::i~h c::~ Durin~o: ~~~~~~ cnmp11ign Rnd immedistely llft cr each 111 molt qunt ~~:~·~i~~;~~~h;~ ~~:t~~~~~~l~~~t?: l!;:,tltC:~!·~I~;~::Ii!~ll~ !11~i~::~~!~~11:i;!ir';!:~ • of ecouomy aad butl ceptloa o! 'IOCial h fe nd political ecoa. ~~~~:t:ea~.r";~~ ~:~~t:l :;~ ~:;; =~:;,. t;tr~e;~~~~~h;.!:"';;~~~~:: ;:• thRt t!tt"_l" join. mo r t' hN"Iill-"1' tht'ir fr ient\8 ar{'" in t;h!.m~•em~lll. than •·oted ~ay ot tbt _old part~· ueileu if r th••lr knowh·•l-,w 11.11d RO:O:I'Jllllll<"t• cC !hi' Soe111hllt phtlosophy. '"'"".dod oot beJ ....~.. tbat tbe ~a!· 1'1w.rl' _is _no relll!on why th e}: !Ohou],J nO! dt>\·dop into aeti\".1' 11m! ~==• ~ :-:::'o;i:u ::~httb~ao!a t::~~~ Ul{'"ful so•.-mlt,;t J'nrq· Jll<'ltl1wn~. tf lht>\" l!.rt' p r operh· ...tucaled In I 1 Jll I" . . dl t b h i<"lh•ts nf the :-;odalilllt philo~oph~·. 1'·h_e r.-adin~ c_f ~ !f•n.cent pRm· ::.;• 1::: 1 ~1=:~~~:....:,N.~~: 1 ecae ~::.~:: ph1et I·~· no nwnn,; I'OTU )>It'i<'8 the e<! Url!.tmn of a ~1·1ahst. lln<l i.hl! h{'"8t b btoe h "\ . b PI ' ~·ny tu ~·dnt·lll~ lh•· Uo ill by !Uf'llnft o( tht· Rolid. suiJIUIIn tjlll. Rri{'"ntific ,:; wor~e:•e ~h:t":cl;.dt tebe •c~p~~~~~~~ . • . j'OiitkiaDI to defttt S«i•li~m will •ooa bookM. With Whit."~• the lriO\"el!it•nl RiJound!C. J- "\\" nr iho• (omru 1 ],11 ctUI nffor,J 1·ltf'CilliL\"I' hhrnrws : b ut . '"' ahle to t~ll what tb,., it\catltr "of hinilll! !l,.ir o·ffort~ lhrnu~lt the hrunrhct~. tlwr(' i11 IIU rcnso n t tb~ir iatNuh with thO!>e or capital 8houh l uot 1": it>.\"cll th e opJ•nrtullit~· t o coluo'llif' t 1 I · • . r.·all•· amnuat• to. ltt-t'IIIIM" .. t. f' ~~·~·.~~~~.~:w;:~,~~~/t'::;~1 n1;;~:;:~t;~~~~ ~~p~~.;~i~~ctlt•~.\. nrc ~11 i I therue)Yu &11d.bei11g tooled, they atud1 by forre ~bit to tlle, old rot. Aod lbere .thf! ,allilla th~ ttlt and dolat the biddtllp llf thflr ma.ten, lllld be~~~~ ooakrd ".bate.~, aed laugbe~ ~t te the barl" 0 b7 the j-ollrllah•Ue !uuke~ of their mu~ttr•. • Tbat • what tb~y ~all. p~atti,~ll poli· ton •• op~ to Sot.oahat dream· ill!;"." wllich wu. however.,.,.,.,.. real elloufib to ap~l to tbeir ow11 iut~reat•. •114 . alter t!lllll· -== . ;: ..:· M't: laa.5 _pt(ea. WiliOi h!!e.::~~r::!~::~~~..~::dE:. !~..;:-~'!~..:!w ·~ bunt a :~~~:-.!.; 11 h~ T(~at :r:~ ~~,.~~':; of r hnp lookia& fol· oftlee-elriaa politicla11 br ~,11a~:~~~~~11F.pr:~~=~· •cwWJoa·.,~ .. 11 Ac=!, Ul t~ •-.papcn,1 tt•·e.. llarf : t:: to market. Th and Soutb parka. ~~t~~~~~·rh1:~o~:.~:.~c~h~11 ~~~is·t· ;~:~u~~~t \\~~r~~~1;, c~:~ 1:~i::~ thf' ll"IIIJ>tin~o: iniltu•nc('!l o ·red h(•rri ugs'' d rAwn a c roB& the 111rh !wlr.seekin g polilieiane lUI ""i!Mu. Roo~·,·elt, lliiJllliU like. . Y(-R~Wi~}.~; ~()\~~!· dfcctivc work for thc SociRiist cause i.'l sympslhi?;•·M<. ;: 1: : d I li11e, •itbout ailr -.lew of ""'--~ ._. -==~u• o;i: d«lilledtolllakeaf~~t~ tbe er~' waru wu, howt:Yer, cuehllr cOli· t'lt~· U.ke. tbll But tba culed aad deti~ealdl,. ro... ered ap br tbe wllare.forelln. b DOt fu 11 prai;~~~;,~:~·:~·:.e~e ~~o~h~ee!!~l~k~:;~:~:~;:;:: ~!~::: !t:,! ~!JMI~ 1!':;'~h:Cio~~ed BRA NCH LIBRARi ES NEEDED lf IIOt Wea llower• t aUMtbebeuer elaQofware.bt. .otlll prh·attpt"OIItCI.akllll trade.: =============~=====I ~"~:::!.:~..e~~=rt~0~r::~ t~~~:;:;~o~= :!:.. m.;::1ia~=~~ri:;..;-t~~~·;;.:;. psrty 10 dr11w logc\be.r ita + ::..:•pa!:;,e~ :·~ :::t,.:':..• "-k~. erlll!lt~:~ Afl;r7gbt '\;•:ti::,~ !'~o:::-e ofl!.,:;~b:ao:::Jlto~~~: :=:.·~:! ~=== ~~ !~!~~ ~~~~~:;,:e~~~~:u~ :!n~~fl · But tbe g reatet\ of t ll ditplayt at lowtr ~bow wit U.t ditplay of !:~lr·~~; '!::. ~=~d : : : : : : tbe nual .• u reptlo11, 011 lb• bfau. whole, of attdf tot.... ap to produce to. 11u, If It 91 wbkh wu ill ,.._______..;,:;,._________, be tspecled lrom Ul.b e.re-it wdutd la.ue beea amea.l7 lookiDI dalr, ha·t-- ,-;·---- _- , deed. =.~the bu lau.t 'Of *'t .-rtl doiup tbat. ba1'a Pf"alled ud ~It iflllt prob.bly Ia tome .~... . war b. ooa~~;ee.\1111 •P 1dth Ule po~f-11 of I-ke- t::, 0~~:,!:~8~~ ~:~~ !:la,!'~ ;~L~~~~-:...~~~:'-'.;.!'~. hre~ away from Joag cberJ~hed ~- ::-.:,~!0~,~·~~:~~:; ~~~:~ ::! ::~~~~: ~=t•ll:;r;~:.:f:~ aad tb' IllUMe ebll Jaek the :t.!':to~h;t:::,~: ::~"~:; ~~:y of tbrir humlllatlag ~ltiol! '?! mere toola lu tho "tell. of t.be powuflll, for parpoan wbieb are aot tltelr ow11. ' Tber baTe IIIII t I ed b I t&llfht tbem br ;b:ir '::: m~.: ~: tcOIIOIIIic help! So h ~If eompelled to .::~bat ...~2t 1 IOII(Ier lllltli tile,. Of>l!e th•lr miudt ttl• trutb of c.apitaliam ao<.l ttllltalllt polltln. Tber pa1 de~r for their ~>tlu· ~•tloo, bat u long aa thn can alford : , hit tbu"a all ric", Sodalb t ie 1101 e.~dall,- fllfl~ Ia rolog to •ve tile couat17 tr.,. the- b~•de::~e~:tte~·o~:~;~oto.to t~·~~~ ::;~~= :;w~:.o~h~~~; pull the flag llabdab wbett tbey 911 prtaldntJ_al .tlillelah aod btt the ·~• • llek wotb" IL Oreal Idea, tbatl It. la.ld til• •~ke t.Gkl.,·aod 11iaef7 m.i!Jloa• of people hf.tt:d up lbelr eye. Ia tha.b. ghlog. Bat, •lu, tile 1'irtorr ... .ool arbiend whiloot 1-,•aad terlou~ ~c:" ~~o me.rt alaasbt.r of a few llloHu:!al r~·.~:ee: lllf lhla e.ue, but the· 1 I! 0 • perfetllr cooct )Gba. · ra~e Our heana bow dowa I• Mrl":o ~ratlletie fell~w·f.ell•l fH ll;• r:t • way witb it, 10 far 11 •~ are eo•· eer11ed. Red t!a.g., purpl~ tlap, blu. tlap, rellow llap,oo u far ... you like witb Ole flag buaillUII. But wbe11 7011 b<erla !o tallr about Wl:tO OWNS OUR J OBS, y<tu hit ua r!Jihl ·wbt:rc WL lb·e. We~ could be ~~ hai>PJ" Ill claml undc~ any old flat~, tf .,..~ onl7 owne-d 1 01 0 . pnrt . 0; rouru, thry •hoald h•·e k11owa ~:~::i::;al;::-• t~ tuha•~: t~:~~:~ ~;,., :,r1:;:~ t~: 7a~;;!~;·t~:.":1 ::~~~ _ . ;~:!'~~~~~~ •~E'!_ ::!";.;;de1~:: pri••/f.,~··::·,:;· ~':;~~/~..~: :.·~::~~,-~1 ~:~;~,~d~~~l,:•;::t;u;:~::,:r t·~:~\l~u:;t:h~~~~~~:l ~~';;;;,':: ~~~~:~i~o11a; tba~ t::,l!:~:i~~:: 111~:::n10ofJ;ettberiird 0.:;11o:d~r:~:~ireJ, 10 ;l~:~e:.:;t t~:r· ~~~~~r :~0::.:::~:1 ~om· · Coo;t~,;;~!~~:lo~:~:l<t ::~~::; E:•d~:~~~~~:;ae:!:, : ; . ~~7 :;!e~ f?r" •·nmpl••t(o ~iwiuJi,t [i\;r~ry. ll•nd R [lfl1~ :"I rid.. _lllkt•n ~;1o~i;;~;;~~·nk•·tun~ tlu• wnrk.m~ ··.Ius,; of tlu·1r l•·rrtto ry in. the t~ . IN DIVIDUAL AND . ow···'\:~.';;;:~ 01,':;;,',.::,.;·~,.11;:~:::::·i:.~::~t;~:\:.::::~~~~~·~ ';;~~::;: 1 :tf\~\~·1. \\¥~~ l•~:e m~~~:~~~~:'""~::"~ ~~.,~.~:. ~~; I ~:.i;•,::;~,.~li~~~~ S~CIAL KEFI' T ilE 1111111\ :-o; wnrn\1 .\"t i u11 of lh·· timr. Tllllt iH nuo• uf IIH· ' mo .tbo I'Ur pooe of lb<' ~·hi ...r. nl REFORM i- nlled ~u~\·;;:.~~:··~;111:;:..ll~ ,:·,~;,'~: 1 (';~lti :~~· wo1~;~11::~~:. I: r~~:::c~:~~:ii:~;•;,~:IS::~;;j I :·:.•~0 i~~~~i;~u:~~~·:~:~;;•.gf<~l~;:·!f~~~ •u~'~!~ ::;t~c;':;,"~r:'~:~ll;~ We rf"alli; toUtt.th·e mea on!... tbat . • rar falu~tlt'itlin~; l!ld lik~ :u:.·=~~s;;~ ~~~t :::t~ lora~eta:~:,lh:t~~~pr;~l~~ • 118 I ·.I I ;~ ;;;,:~.:K:..!~;:i:~~:~,~::o:·: c~h~~\'~t~b:;'~:;.a:::~~:~ Ut:1• 1111 broke the billy. niek. ~~~:~.~~:~· ~·f h~: ~~~~::~~ \~e :.: ::: .umJLICWi' " r;QUALin.'" 1::~;1~01~;~::;•,~:·i:::.~bf"T~::; .:u'::e!:Yaf:.i:~t~~:~:~:~~ ;'..~~= ::u•l a I I• •I lhfir "''"'~~· •n·l . ... U~f"}•tiOUI to .till• rule. .. well .. " J~:lO 1111 eleeUoo day. A h•daya ---- T ho• " ' 'r1; .,f HL.'IIuti"" ··d n•·>llL"" nud ''rc:n ui z:tli"u fnr t lw <"H!II· I"' ''"'" .. r 1 t!: ~~"'·II ·n,l•·r ""·'· T J... slu~ra n i~: ··llutTnl.. for llw \\" " r!..··r~ ·· l,..t ·,. tu o!..·· tl uu uultu-k) .•···ar f.,r lh·· plul•·"' .\ L.''""l t!IHII)" n f 11,.. fnrm· ·r S"'"'"''"'' ~<yrnpnthiro· rs f··l l fnr lht.- rnu !.. ~ - t hii!L.' """ · · nr•· 11 - ,.,.1;.1nokiu~o: 1nl ,.,u,~·t i•· n~· of ..-hi~h h~ '" ,. 1•1rt, to .t>nrorm to I r.oa<nnlr fulfil tbe -]),ou"t J.,. hurt\ 0 11 th"m ~~::·,•,;:li;t ,',:~·;~;',""1~f t~l;·,. 1 :.~~~;·::..:.~~~,:·,~~~~:: n\~~f ;;e:~·, mu~i~ of tlw ro•frni n . who work for the edueatloo Annpddo11 aad (d llclreC wltb U• """" Jf one w 111•, bere aod , Lo'~ a tbl"ft-o~orn.ttred light. wear~ UH h11 eo:te11tl.ed opponu11117 to WALL BTDBI' liBLIBVBD ( ,, t :~; ~~::~ ;:::\',:~··,.·,~):;;;i:;~~~~·:~~. ~:.:.11~~:;·,;;.;;:;~1 ~\~;;~;~~:/~:~;~',t' wit h 1; 111,':. k••••t• "''"I' '" tht· immi! rtul \\"t•rld l"tu S.·. ·· the 111athiocry of our tod al I CLASS UNCON CIOUSN ESS Remu!!:b~;-;.:,~:.~CII"They •~ a11d uodmtood Somham 1 ~wv \\ ao:e worken do oot kuow •hell pow \\"orkeNL of t b t> l lr proJ><"rh org•niU<t tbe) would , ....,. tbat l11teruu are tdeatu:a l • h" tu p... me i.e<"&UH th~v ar~ o:reater Nooew•ll•otethe SM>ahotttrket "' auml.ooor tb.an t he ~•]nteh ot~ but Note thr •orke,. dan Ulltou1c1ou1 WHAT WILL WILSON DO? ~r th~u I dec~:::::: ~:e.;::::~ la~:;~,:~::.~ac!~=~~~~:' :.~; of I koow theor foower 1041 would of t be Sot.lalllt lllll\"t.IIIC!IIt wblt b l '-'uat 1tot.h had nHD oo the 111eap to rs prf"M thr 1r ~!au ID!ere.t W&th tbelmpretll&blealrf.ogth ol Willo11'a e1ecUoo Be••1 euri011• orouhl ai>Oh'h ~vrrty mllf;l of the of ti\"Olutt<tll, to !U ultua.ata goal,- tbe mole-, Wt art llldhted to t pec:.U.tt u ~~~·:,~";~:~~·~~~f~;,U:e~: ~~:;: !':: I:;:; ~::,~::u'~::::~;lt ..~:O.:~nr:,:~. ;,'f'::"'r'l';"~~u~~~.;~:~.~;~•:,;,,::: . ,.111 1+.:~:.'.:::. t:'i:,. i•:~','~~~;l;ttT~:~~~·:f 1 ::,\~i~~~~ 1:11811~~:~~ ~ll"~~7r~·o u::~~·"::~·~~~ .,.,;: : ::o·~:::;·~~~:~ple!:;; :=;~t.;..amet:;o:taV:.':e::'7a:.:~~ would ~~:~:il::~'! ";:n~'i:~ ro~aeiou•· =~:~:~~:;~ :~:-!:;~;:.~;~:~ d~~::~:.:~ l ~~:::~:·~·::wm;:;;u:u:0~:~~~~;::~•l:!: worldnlf ~~... p THE :~ J.~:k:h!ll~o:: ~ t!;..r:-:~:, T,~':: trlumpbanL ~uarvz ~UB. ~.~;:':iw~~:~e::.:~':U:',';o~~~::~ ~~~;~~:~;~;g;~f,~;~tii~t~~~i;~;,~~1§~i~~ ~~~i::~~J~~#i;~~t;~ ~~~~1 ~~~~, T h·· ,,,.,,.,..rat io- pnr:~· iN pr•·tt~· well•w··~'P_i,.,J ,~·i:h ~ h11rming . tlw ::.:~~o~'o:i~:.tllell~: SOCIALISM AND THE CO· O PERATIVE COM MONW EALTH tor ~e eomillg Street blood~uettera bei11g ruu1 · -•.. ::::::,;:l~r:i':::t:;:~::~r:;;:?:ft:::::~::::·::•:::: ~: .~;:,: ·: ~·=i~~:::·.;~,l:: ~: :•'•,;::~:::~::~-::;.·:~:~:~::~:~:: :1:::r;0, :,,•:;.;;;;?::~: ~:.: :::0:~ ~~:::~:~:~:~~;;~;.;::• ·!~:::~:; :~::":~:~;~ 25;::::ii~\~::::~~I: IL ""T ll FIGBTa OK.•• 7' ~.·~~.:·· ;~~:. ':~,::: . ~::;;,::;";,:.~ .:. ;;;.::~,r~/;~"~;!~~:,.·7~·~;~~·'. :::~::7.:·)::.~:.·:: :::•.··.:·:~~:~ :!~:;:::;~::::·~:·:::·~~:·;::.,:.~~~:;; ::hT,·::.:.:: :::::::~~:::.::: ~:.~~:.:i~~: :~::. ~:.~:::::.::.-:-.:· ~::~~.:::\:.~£:::·:~. ·:£~·~::. 1 1 I M\". awl h.-.\\" ;~ !I c:oiu.::" tu. ··nrrl" out it~ of p1{'"dg"ll without upset ling """ .,.m oarrM<l •• ~~ ~~;:··,~ • .';;: 1~;·::;:;:, ~~::·.''1 1;;•,1MI ;•·1!~• ~\\~c ~~ulcl r~~r~lllk~ll~~~~~r;nn~~~~ t~e eu~ly in their juot wh~ 11 rlru•b preteot RiiJb.t of inju•tkf , op]ttet· romiDI: II"""' of ,•~hie ~"'1 tru•h the tho co-opo-ratlvt eommoawealth bereto- Sori•ll~rn. labor Ia tbe factoriea nd ••e•t·•~opa; ~horl 11 bl-·:~~~~·~·~~~~;:uJa_l jullt«':' Surely, nooe bat the Bull lliu eooltt Trul: tbc m... latJor~• of tbe J'te. of New York with ~ill• head llae: "T. ~;;• ;";:..::·.:::,:-:::,.:;::;;,'" ,,,. "'""''l""'""' "''"'"' "'"''"• '""'~ ::::.~:::::~~;j ·~:i~~·~~:.'·~£ ;;;~~::: :~•: :; ~;~;:;; ',~ ':,:~;: ~:·:~::;:;:~~::~~:::::::f ;~::: ~5'~",t: 2;;;!:,~_:.:~:~~.;;s ~i::':J:: ·::',':::":~·::::~.:: \\",·11. •i•'llr tn1sliu~ 111•111: lhr p\ntform wse: nr\·~r meant to Ill and It w_ ,_. lll<'llltl to f.:l' l 111 on. 1'hr De1~10Crn11e JlMrt.~· Rlld . ~fr. I\ Ill .J>IIY Ah-.olut•·ly uo mort' ntll•nhon to that JUnk. 'l'ihtcb ~hf')" '"".11 l~w~r. j•illtf.,rm II~ lin R.nolle\"f" ]t would PIIY to the loeJa l aud mdustr1al JUSltl'e twaddle 1f h e narl bee n elected. Many yeant a~:o th t' eapita\i1t politician!! ceAJied to con11ider the 01~ : "tl!V>Jt sri11diag the fa«!! of the J•rodu<'C!n in't2. the lf"'UIId. Butt he Pf"Ople are aroute•l e11d are hf,gle11i11g to kuo• tbeir power wb~ll ualted., aod 11e prellillg oa to· ward tbe ob}Mt i ....,. point- whltb i1 ~volutloo.. Thia may be irll'ert~d 'c •u 1 e arn:o.u loe>pg. 111 ' eonoequtl!lly. th• Yorgaa, Hoc:ke!eller ud Caroegl~ rapitaliotr art def>CDdellt 011 tbe la•lustrial .,..0 ,~r;'",.. of tbe worJd for nilteoft. Whn th~ membera of the ioduotrial labor unioua a11d t h"e Social· ter !tom~. c\otblos aod food for hill wife &lid child rtll. Jlad tile worker will thea 1111t f,.,.r the "n.loy d•1" arul old age, attd the poor bo11M...-ill dluppear; aod. tbrougb a •1•UIII of tborou1b edueatioa for tbl. IIIUHI. aaperat.itiDII will be .~::~7: ;~o~"e'~~·:r~P~~.~·TI~~~'~!~ ~l:':e~ ~a;t~ ~~t~·i:\:U:~~r~~~~ ::~o'!~,f:~~u;:;:~:;· ~!4th:0:"~~=i~ ~rr; :!:~~o~:~~~~~:r;.o;;u:u~~rr:·,..::~ ~;.•P~=~~~~~~ priaoa~ :: ~~·:~~n" ~?:;:!t~f~\~,·i~~.1•9:~?~~r:;~~.00Q~~~ o:e::!~ 81NOERE? lng 811 ill endin11l illlme. 1urift' re\·i&ion downward. H ave you noltced wUI.be few aad · In"" for o'en.l11 and the prodartioo of aornethle~t that t. w<trlb wblle to aocl~ty u a whole. l11~te:ad of pntdue\111 e11terl:liumret for -Ia! 111eteora like Chauocey! The pity of the all'alr i• tllat workl111· ~r~~ a;o~:~r:~:~=~~ ;t: ;~:u~~·~~ Ire oot a ol!e·ma11 party, b•cauw T. R.. wiiii'IJ!ht o~! u T. ft. did not fta:b .. oa,. !-lid o-omebody e\10, , .1 for "·eu.mple~ oar etleemed fellow dldea, Walla~ Thayer, were 10i11g to light o11,-woalcl' Uoe J'ro,renl,.e party kle~ tbt baeUt.f" ,l.c- "';;t:r·;! w;:J!" lflft. il..rt, 10 fall for tbe fadt of the B~t Win, le· aa T. R. llglllll on ,lbe. Pr-o~l-.e pa~ ::~: r~u~~~=1to~~m::~:~u~~~H:~ ~~~eJ.-= =t!!:i:u ARE YOU HONEST AND ty1: ;';!:, !'!_,:!a party! bu. were BJlre.ad bro8d c.tL!Ct. t elling what Dix would do t o ]o.,....er .the CJSy J"etul K. WoriL) llo,.fmelit; tlie. P'':lY o~ tbt ·.,orkl•l Not t..laa·•PM.ltJbta ia para11..U., wr ~Oiit of ]j,·ing .i f el,el ed. na,•e y~u nolieed that a_nything waa even If 10~ ~ou ahoald be a •M:mb<er of / i11 1-npo•iag t bemHIYe& up<to a Oo t ilt other ha11d, tlie r. . k aad l!le ef... Ia Ul r:ou.utrleL Howe ...er. thcan 't be u peeted to ~llllow ,tht 111111tar atttlllpted. t o aay n o£hing of banng b een a eeomp! Uih edl tbe Soci.a.lllt Pa.rty. •all'erlug people. Tber 111ake faiMaad oJ the· ~pu.bUeaa, ~mocrat all!! at- late Pro(1"-l"I"N who are wonh 'll'hlle pr~_ of the BuU llite, bat we cL• loarl ~a~!; ~:~7'...:· ~~=~:,., :.:~~; ;:~e~beo·f~:,:dl;!-fo:., ~~: ~:.1-~~=~e .~"~O:ee-;.e :~; ~c:h:rS:~~:o:o;::~~~;;h~ie~~~~ ;::,roo~e:e~~ ~~~rr.re:;~~: ~;:; C•·r tAfnly nol ! . . , • •::ith: :: •hat because: t~e Soeta h st part y 1 p latform meana bwn.n;a and hoont 110r tla<er~. raet, the l~•t of ll;eir tnnoblea. Tbtlr l w0111e11. , beeaUR the Soetah 1t party propose. t o do u:aetly what ' t II pia~ Eacb of lbem pr.tn<l• to be n&ll object Ia to IC!t!llrl tilt t poll• of oL!IIu n..y OOihl to Yote for 110 lloaeet ud ::~t~~ ~~~it~r~l:-:;~.~~~~i~!c:':n~edthi:ttoth~~j~v~~!t~~·~;:;,:~~ la~h: i11t~""; ~ t~ ~~~~fmoo peo~le.i ~.~~~uf::~~~o~he!: :;;,",h:":~eyT~ carr)" into efJe(:l tht Ienet a o f their polilical platformL could bt> .farther from t h e faet~ in th~ c~ • . Nothing t b 11b e"; 0f tb em ' . 10 1" u l rua. "' aot 1toop to It· Ia ordtr to '. bl; t e eap&ta 111 fl.ltntltel, . Th.. mt ..-ret~ta . of thf!_ wor k m g d~M anti e mtt'N!Ita of t h e eapl· h• h "t e])ll!ill 11rt: duurJelrJC&IJy oppoMll e. Th.- Demoerata aay, before .. /t'<·liun. 1h111 thf'y will do a . grt&t d eal for t he wor kine e!Ua. and aa 1>0'~~~ It~ tlu:y Mr.: o·]e('!t>d, ihe.y uy they will d o nol hing ap:ainlt. t h e clll!ltaliJ><i clua. •o\nd ther e )OU a r e. If \"OU trr e WR iting for th e Demoer11tJi IO 110 an)•tbipg but l ick t he: b•!itlJi o r We uuu1tent, you h ave good llZVS~tl for & long wa_it. ;~" t:tt~e. h eatb of th~111 a Jl<lblie olllee ia • p.-l•at.e 111ap. lha -k the otfteea, 111. atead of lf lli1111 tbe otAer.a N<'k tktm. T\eee o!litt: -.~~rn. f<tll•titute 011e ol tilf _ t ••-ti~J aai.a~~t" of tbe ·~· Tltf':o" di•l•ll:r ""I be 111011 1111• li111ited rail aod •hameln• w~l'ltbun HCD~ a ::!;•t~\1; o;be'::1f~:~e =~~= -. ftq ret "-lr ru~paip lOP t. let Ttl food• '"'• 1 e eapl~ .. "! ... tile .polllleal ~d~tt ~ ~: ea;. ltahtu. ~~ talk air 1 C e mljfhly. IIUW. Tbey art aot lloaHt ud ·Ill• e_re. demo 4 ;laeeJt par17. Duriog . t.bt paat f•• :7 ;:..;~,a::.::~ at il•h batll tlll~llla& ab<tot pabUf' all"alr_-atil~ ltbrariH the book& ·or t:ITiea, elolocr 111d ecoo-\e~~ lla"e beea f.OUla.at detaaad. Tt.... · pMJll, bHti rrople,.......,oplar t o11"1Lrd t H Thouu odt of tlll!lll ltue Thor baYe =;::;:e~ 110 other place fo; all b<tn· Nt •ad 1111«re penoe to laad. If he whieb Ill Not a 0.:\la.o Partr.''~ uuae T. R. will Fl.lbt 0111 • ' . :_ ' ~ /- ~"I' :POOL ·. . JIDl. ionttlptee &lid triu to llod <td the h~~:t ~~: ;~~~~~~..': ::; I of hoaett ud aloeue Jli!OJ•Ie . Tbey too will llad · a11d adopt It ~~~d.;.; time. Sham, prcten!IO h1pocrlay cu hoM •wa1 t or a loag time. . Bat the truth alwa,.. Jl<ltl tbem to 111 the ' ud. 8odalielll h.. -nllla to do will; U,toa. "Bepn.., ae.4 't u, . il\ll ~ 011Jy ';b;oA~P. ~~~ uodller a De,; 11.,w 11a•e!" Appuutl-. DaYle Oold· atel11 ba1 don b\a werk .;ell Ia ooe uw l,.,..t. ~ nd 'u .:t fe ,..{'" ,::r;; eo.: . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-11-16 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-11-16 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n024_19121116 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n024 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c84af806909270828953e0ca58d5ac80.pdf ff23145461b435e0f959b8cd9efbdb11 PDF Text Text . TH.18 18 .NO. . . BYow ~..- 4'1 a.. RENEW AT ONOE �r- S.tul'da7 e.,11i111 We11.8'1'1UO " li ..utod by I'"! poli~i~al tpeahrs Bolf•lo. F..dward· J , 0')rolalleT1 lieaa, . .,) Stl')lhf'n J. Maho•~r. . onn of l'l'tNIIl or fo_rmer utfp ..l. O'Malt.!,. wu billed t o llpUk I t been arbitra.rily d1011ea by ron~ Ele•dt tt.e Op.ora lloDNI 111111 the phitfl h•d 11 an ao mor11 . proYide4 by u.tara u a 1 bru~ ba•d out•tde tbe ball to attr11d or enbaage lUll the le~b of peD<hDt ,_ldn •• a of eXeb&D.IO. .0014 •, StU! uotler _ , _ , ..,,,...., coma lato. ue, Ua credit. ,. ~·z:• ~~cl:a:~::"'; ~-~~:::: :~=:-t:W:: ~~~.:, It wu oae of the bttlt raeellag. ~ld ia Wellt•ille, aad, j udslag by the d1araeter of the Soe.lallata, tbe new l o· ul briug orp11ir~ ill tbia tow a will " a hu111mer. BILVJ:B 01l.BEX, N. T . The JW!Ople of S ilvu Creelr. are eti\1 t alllhlg a bout tbe Ruatell meetiug &Dd at leut one Iota \ politieiaq ia rudully rvbbing allllrf I J>OI acquired thereat . The ~l ing waa held i.a Si \W"llt Cl'Hk '1 larJ:NI ha ll aad Ia IJUte of the far t that oae abop em,lloyiag l:.!!i mea worked o•·.. rtime, ehaagiDJ: their ached· patiecmt gradually led to dud U:Jitel· •iollll, but eua t lone ware chaased from time to time &lid hue dilfereat mea,.iegt~al dilfereot pluea. A foot, mile. a poued i.fulieate dllfareDI l~ngth• a11d weiabt. 1a dUren:u•t COllA· tfi". . Euhaase of artie!~ Ia the ..me way It'd ~ eom~riJOa and aradually t o t_be eommoauteofeertaia tbiupotateple uuifona nlue to eompan all otbera with, aurb aa ate-en, oheep, a eertai a mu•ure of grala, etc. TbeH tbiap Ia tha t way bf!e...,e meuurM of \'alue; p!lt1141D •1 wealth wa 1 upr.-ued ; 11 num· hera of thue artirl~ They a \10 bo· u.me medlamt of enhange beU.Uif' t beyal wayaeould be readily e1cbanged f or ot her arllrlf'll.. The ant atep waa to malr.~ u~~e of a r tieiH without any \'IIU.~ i n the!IISfl"" or with only oraa· mo·atal ,..J11 e auch a 1 aea abello. be.ado ::1¥~;:~~~~r. i~~f~::£~;~~;~ :!~::::;:~~'~;:~~~:~;,~f~.~~:i:~~ ~:;''~l RM::::(::~~~:.D~n~U.:~~g~~~~:~.o! ! ~;~:~:.,0 ~0:0~:!~; ~::~.~iq1:.r oaly foua· metbod 11 ..;,., "d "h-. bllltlea. TM efMit ~ aat mo11ey, ae!llaer metal aei.tber dIt aeee-arily wealt.h, bat It " " ' - ' " .,;.,,.-po-•,l •ilokod either u labor or t be Credit II pp~ ud term. ot moae7, dollan. bat or more appropriAtely 1M ' boura. re.ett di1cuu~aJ;: ~ur j- A workiag bouti1110l I]' 1taple or uaiform, but It II tbaa a certain weiaht of h,.e -~~ the ume we.\(lbt time buy ou buallel of <imo ' ' " m mly unuata " ' " f or -- '1'••· flbak, IH•tl.,, ·'/(tlrnb-•n. COMB. A ~,:;,,,.::~~,;~~::1 ~;~~ m;~:;•••.::.::;:";~::'::•l I'• I"'' moDey and tbe folft ll· only. -- BUFFALO SC>CIA1:IST' ·: Jo, Weekly Newspaper Devoted to the "lritor'oata .oi 'tbi.'Wortlng Clau. ' -The Annual Fair and Ohrl.tmu 8ale•. Help us Make a Horing Suc:ceas. ·Buy Hand- Made Articles lor Christmas Gilts. 1 · ~~1~f:@, ~J~i~t;~~ ~~~~~-~-" 1 ".-.tb appli.-o tbr....:t ]>edal. whca Dnioni•m on •a notoroou•ly DOD·UUIOn - - ~ Call us up ancLWo'll Call !Or DonOUona. _--- -·~ For~ ~neftt or tho - .,;. - - - -,....---- - - The pn!l.ebmeate of !be pt1ttoler~t l llbJICt.l of tpectel lt&n ud - p end t.l!!t.a i11d11'>da.al 011 l h ::::·~~;~. ~~~~~. :..a:~:~~:~~;~~~~~;~:::; . VOTE OF THE SOCIALIST handy PARTY eometa. we~.::~. ~~:t •;d :':':'b ~:;:,::~~· Ia the kitcben ...d [;~~~~~:::====~==~==~~~~:; fo!lo.-iag talolf' or thf' &.c,iali5t 1'0if will The tcmployer aball JH'01'ide iduel. :~,,~":':"";,.~:~:~~~n•:::.,.:~:·:;i~~ ":,r:~; ro;:~~~m; "·ith tho• &.rialitt l'Ute. ]~. 19IO. -~~::~:~e:.:.~~oc:;:;~:·;:::~~o1r1~:; ~~::!;~C~III;:~~i.ra.re.qllir~ to pur· CH1R Q p RACT I c ): • •h/1.1 ~ ~:oo•l union man h~ is, nu~,...u. '""''~. II •• fnrok o"'""'~l '""' tlh• "I' ( TI... bo l ouad .\1:~1~'"'" 853 : ;~: : ):.~ :~·~ ;: \:r~: i,;~:~P: : f!!-~tE. ,,, ,gE I,U~!I ho~ 'I"~'''""''' t o~•~ llo• ••·~I . I' h oi•· lr o... l~·b•mrr hotn t o I~· mor•' '""" n,,.,J,. r, j ~"11 "''' ,.,.,J •·r ,.,.,,JI~· t n '"''"' ''- t u jvU> with Is t :•~·r~ oa hor . •n•rk ,..,tb 11, ll~ht for it, D!\•l nul j ,1,.t.,. \or a i":a o\M t u hi; ~~R~R. J l/uu"O . . . . . . . . .. . .. , , , , . . ~""'' .,f 1i0<• otho·r pRrt io•; h n•·••. n r lr,ohan:o ran'"'"' ""' m..-tin!(il> J>Oitol Of:\Hepol ,.,,.,. "' <'hlhn• Jn •m. ,, ,,. ., thou~h t h o•.• " """ h:llt>Ott• / "'" l••ll•aJ.: '"'" an•l th rc•· ~l'~"k~'> fnr l>:o•utu~ky nnr niJ,:ht Rr..t hinn~: t hf' l.nu•l and fir l.nui~huo:o ih)t ranronn. Tho• 1''""1'1" nn• h<•)tiuning Mamr to ol••ma n•l n<<'u1~\ f (H)o\, a ot t;rcwot ll )>1-.ryll•nd . PAl.MYlLA. N , Y. . ~ ~lrlli~rau .. ~~~: ~~;~ot~;~,;~:.~:r~-~~9::t':~ r~::::~·.::: ;:~:~.~~~ :,~a::; :;u:e:~;~:itrba\~';':~:~ ~~::::::. . . ............ .•. . . · .... . · ..... • · . . ......... . ...... . rauu wu maaitl!el by the \i~l!ral el" ~~ortll Carolina ······· .. ~!:..Q:Ir.~, ~:~::! ::::k::~~:~:d:~!~~ ~;:h ~~~~.:::: · · Olr.lahoma 0>-egoa · Peon-ylftDie Rhock- ltlaad . . Bo!ltll Carolina . ~ 4 ,954 6,400 :J-.4 •• 11 1:.!.013 14.84'; 1,605 lt..~!l4 13,...6 ll,!:!'i; 12.4:!0 •~o :1.60~ 4 , \ 8!, ~.103 1,758 .,..,. J0,7SI '""' 6,1~!1 '" .....'"' 1!,8611 ...., ...,,"' 1,4~5 ......."'. 11 tbe adJ•utPMDl of t beYerc.ehrq 1.et reliel'il ,~ ~ , ~... ulll £~ ~ :::~e~l:,~~~:':~,:-:~. !h.~~~ bealln r~l rltle- ot all theOI'p.Dota~tletuNoftbebocly, • the mecba.leal, ciliemlcal &Dd oo 69.~:!5 9,716 !!:,8:::11 iod i .. eb u., I.IIV ·worlr.lag 1111iformt f rom bU ' U yoa are ~~~ aod bne · t ried maay mechoda without rettult, try OB.lKOPRAOTIO •J>Inal 14· l!!o'blle ot aud 11et well. Llw-rature mailed oa rtqaet,, "" E•amln•tloo llfi"HH. , 3,7t~ :!.1i4 ... > ,;:~i . . ;:~ :~>f.~;~.~.:~.~.~;.;·,~ ~.;.i~ .·.:.: ._;~:. ~.;~ t.t.~.f.~. ~.:;.:.: .:~.~ ·.(.~.;..,:.;_~ .;.bI~.: :::.•~ ~ 708 . . .. , . , , . , , , , • •· ., . • • i}2~~;~,;~~~;,:;~;:~?.~~:;i ~~~-~t.·~ • •.• . . t a from lh·e to l!i mioutea, the doctor aald be bad dll'lieulty in aayiag the tl1i11~ mot.! •·ita! and Je.ne out t~e uott· fiiHnlialo, but be m•d~ goO<I1 judgiug by '" !l,ll)<j 87S :II&M&~huaetu U <l l'ifflt . ...r.n :!.1 Jj Ill INikinK 1,199 2,.531l .... !~47 !,3~ II.SSII 11,611! '·"" Ootrt0ilt5 .. ""7 Oompnhnelftl ud ow priaM anlDww tbu Koe·U.aa. 000111 ~ -- ,._, ll,!i87 111! of- t~nd "'"' "t:tl• .,., !~l JS.O<HI !i,lli6 7,4)! ..... -Our Union · ulitl Suits --~ U.Jil Olf B.a.TS, 811IB1'8, Z&c. . THB BNTBRPRISB 1,!99 ..... 891-893Gen--ec.. - a..--t300J~ ... 10,253 38,451 1!~ 1,011 311,!50 !,~2 1 33,7~!i '·,..,, "' ,,., "", !1,71'~ :,33~ !1,86.3 ..... 33,1113 101 371 '" '·"" !,1100 !18 10,0!3 l ,.G1! eBP-0 1,017 14,l f7 Cift and De¢ds- of {/n(/t Sam By ~SCA~ .AMB'UNOBR • Th.e Houri. SociaJ.ist, &x.tirUt o/th< &rdhwut A FEW EXTRACTS ''Tell me whose tools you use and I'll tell you 'WhOse slave you are." "Tell me· whose bread you eat, and I'll teH you whose song JOU slrig." · ''Econ0niic Determtnlsm, brother, iS · the_ thing that makes people· tum their noses In the · direction whence they hear the jingle -ol easy money." . ~ ·· "Wars ~d revoluUons are not fought because some, folks would rather have a red and blue than a black and whtte flai "- , ,. _. "When our God-fearing ancestors Imported the black h•athens, they didn't do tt becauoe !t !:~~ ru'~~~nst the~. It was purely. -. niEH'I A "ICH II ElUf UaE ·' , YoU'D Cnjol this boo~ and iurideoiao~ou'll ka~ a ~~~~\~o:Ch:i.\tt:-:!~D the l -- wbic:b ~ S#•d '"' It ,...,. IJ Ct•,. Just aay, "Send me tbr Life of Unck'Saai., aoc{ada~ : Clrtulilt#on Dtp't;.BiiHIII• ......~,.~~"" -'-~~ n -to,, e~r, ~'··. �GelJ'O'Il.fhnJaOwud•n from ~$010 pet C.Ol.. We allo do Bepalriq &od Kemodelloc •• tow prioi;I- 1'_,. Tdlpbo. F,_...l'7BI Gnltilre EXTEND-N~~t-r~a~:f~~ IUfU)tNQ. NTs-· ~~~n. ..-. Tlfl•._•fwl.t-lllAl WHOI.l tllltlATUt.AD. The Cool "Kaiserhof' Entr&Doe em. Paul Street Clw.nin_l Pressin~ &.Benn•tt ~ec: Bell. H_a... 14. ·FI'OfOU•r23&S4 a.-..-, F"""'*'2t4et c., JtnnMII ........... Clllllm IOEIHI, ILICIE CD. P"" neral Dlreotora ~ -.ot ................. o.a.-- 0... o.,....- N'-'"- VITII.,.I.,.I...._M - · - . abu-- t10.150 I LH.-BAKER &CO. 333 Main St,...t �~.....a.'rnTKa BUPFALO SOCIALIST PllBLISHING CXliiPANY aw. ..-._~BWPA.LO.;N.Y•. · .... IIAilTIII Hmll.alt.......... PllANk ~,._ &T&Ptall J,IL\Italllln', a.. .... A.ldor..aSZY........ S......lrdfloor BUI'FALO,M.Y, w-tpba Prb $1.00 I*.,..,,.• • --.. . . . .T 'TUTTHtLL, a..-y ,.y.w.t....;._ ) ltul.m1!C! u .ecot!d.el. . toaCt~ J~e ~I!', at tlte pol& CJfllo. at &!l'alo, New York, undu l.ba .Ac:t. ot Jl.ucb I, l8N So Nlcl!!th t he campaign of 19 12. 011 1912. O n Wt"(h wsd lly rnoming, .Xovember UlllfJIIign or 1!11 6! Tht' eaUJpniltll gin>< handing his lu.11t Wt>tk '11 Buffalo ' a nd t1oekling him fur hiit 1mbscription. Bt· for t< the e nd o f the ralu. tuul 140.000 throughou t di~trihuting lit.~n&turc. !!f>l!ing . ist l•·•·tl!!...t"!( tnking sullll nnd Hcl i n•l y educ11ting The true ~eilll ist ne \·er s leeps. ancl he nc\'er . d ocsn 't con~<i•h·r thnt 11 work ing cla!!.S ('ainp11ign consi1111 in people hypnotized into \'Oting n cC'rtain ' ""'Y by mea.ns of fir t>. hantls nml plR t it uditJOll~ piffit>. llis cam p11ig n !alliS r ound a n d l'n·r y yl'ar round. het~au~" h e WI\IIIR• you to You <lo n 't hn1·e to wai t until a few weck!i lxoro r e elee tioo t o r ead. You c 1111 heg in to 11tmly you r own condition.nght awBy, w elll\11 t o wr~it fou r p~ar·11. Don't imagine t hat .vou hAn! gotll•n rid o f Jimmy Rig gins, h('l"H Use you aro· uot goi n (!" t o 1"011' aga in for awh ile. it oa t tor yoDtN!lf, a nd ...eit ota11cn. . llotl ll.ntwloer<!10II"Breln tbt -~ b." the f"l.,...tlon 'nlm ·l"£8UKO Or " .:nniY IDL'• up-ltali11 .polit\ciaa. !l.r. Ja-a BH1110Itralt 8ba r.a11, ac- · ott~ hudt~ Y m t h.. ,.,. ,.J,.o·tnl to offi"!' you r "'ljiends of lahor·: on ist tir"kPiri. J ust Tt~t t lwi.r friPJHI~hip h~· a11ki n !o! tht•m to t hing IOWII.t tl ht:lpin!! ,\'011 t o ront ro l y o u r o wn job. Hntl how lu.o~ting is thei r f rietJtbliip! (;,., ini<J th., t'IUnpa i ~otn o f 1!116. Go·! into you r h rand1 o f t l1c Socialist l'11rt ~· . Attf'ntl thf' educationa l of thP h rnnf' h .loin tlw p11rty ll('lp to for tho• winning of B uffalo in 1!11 :1 nwl the gnu u\ hatl]f' workm~t dad 1tlld tho: o·UJlitalilit t·htss for the pnAAPSSion l !IJt; lr "s a h iLt jnh.and wf' 'l]no·e,J th o• wholf' four yt>II'"H pn!!o'. It "11 t inw ;•nou ~h . how••l"l't . if _1·nu Lo•J:ill t o hust l ~· T O DA m•·•• t i n~s to Tho: 1.::!00 lhJ!Talo 1mrt.•· m cu1 l>cN lit(' o n th,• j ob. c:,~:::::; :o~r;::m;:l•:,o ,: : ~~r ,;~~0::~ ~~~ !:;:,~";~~b:e•:tre"';: ~~::!at : ; :.rD$11 in the Sodalill theory ....em tn run up formed that thill proYet; the e~tnce of l.ll•ia&t 11 &0111( wlle1> it comtl to tbo a tendear1 to ahirk amoag ar.imal J ife aa to the "Shirkfr·· a nn tbe bftalUIO tbe qu~o ot tbo ~pede. ma1 be ··t.aa,. ~all. ·• Uu more than one ot'.· f~. but " '0 mulrt not 0"'tlook t ba facl ~uioa hlu tbe ..,.iler bt-eo cnmpelled to tbat tb.e ~form• a u•tttl fnnc· GET BI"SY ,111.,.tioo 1110~1 \\"lwn fl oo~o·\"••h lo·ft lhf· H.. pu!.lio·/111 J•llrty h>· ,,f I 1..- lllltiti-ulil)iofll\lr{' trUSt UIHI!IIIIt••S II""'" eoadit,iont br-t ab- ~~:~~:f~~~e::''lla::':-:he Not tbe t.hildr~, nor tkol f*l"l!l>~ tolblame for tbe luin'" bn-d witlllll ( b\ 14,.,... It Uo tbe ayneta that i1 eaute of II aU. &.eict,.. iPtr. i• tbe an"kcri111iHI !:.in~oa.~c,d:.::..::•'~,,."·~~~nqu::~ :~a 0 ;1p~:~Ku',~e":..~:=~~ ~:;a: :~~~~-;:; ~:~ ~~-t~:. ~- at otb.., til>lf'O bY 1intrr~ ..-ell munilljoi' nuqg to duth. It i~ Kil'lltille k11owl· naturaL and tbtrefore can be eutlt.-.d J*lple, ...bo wouid a>ll ' '\\'hat""' ynu ed~ that f!'t"~ry ~il!!l 111d .,..ery iadi· a chaap of f"tl1"iroo....,oL ~oinj!: to d>) ..-ith tl:e ta~y man aoder Yidual of Jhe tpec:i8 aim to.upead their lloo!;t·l·..lt \\"IlK frrmk •·IIOU!-!"h to "''Y thnt tht> pu r f>Oflt' of the ~rf'AAi l·,. t•nr !y i~ 1<> do"11 ~·in !ism. !.t•t ' 11 JM"". it wa. . Kin~ wnsn "t tl, who ••omrnund <-tl th•• 11"11\"o'S tC> ~tup rollin!-! o n the Aflo·r all. rnnyho· thr·r~ i,..so.nwtlunl! in th is tlwo r .1· of tlu· ofliOuli>. ~~~;~:~: a:lt ;,~•hno;,r:i7:~.h :~~ opl'b·b"IOUIW ¥~ bow t k Sooeialill workt.r, or J im Sbt-Tmaa lht •·lee·p,.,.i =;~~ ~;o'!~t::tial\\~-::~~~ a;~.; ~~~r~;;~~;d 1~ga:l:;:~~e :.e~:;~ :~t~·8l~r;;• ~~=·:~~~r:~~~" h~; :~:; !~~ t':t::d e~!:..1 T~~t~~~~:"'::: :: N>IYed t.y ~i~ty uaOOr tht MW "'l:imt . l llfe d&Otro,.. hfe, 4oe- oot ~otronn t lle There ar,. ..,me thin11a that un ~ latt chat tbe parpott ot d~tntclio11 i1 I f you 1\'o·rr not T nlk of ··u li\· in~ Will.'•··· •~ llllllltlyrol "'""'"tred and anl•f"rr.t 'eicoti!l~au.~ aod to pr_.r..e the de~~~ royer. to tbe l&tisfll"tioo of e•·rry fait ·min(!W ll ia thne!ou cootn.ry to all kno..-1· tine 11 lh ·ing Wll~l' """"· you "t\ ho· olt•11tl. Thr> Chinl'St' gl"t 11. I WH!!•'. Tho• ~O<'iali~t~ Willi I ~··m to t;•·t nil you produco·. and you ' J\eiiOI>. l'arikWarl1 dtM'6 tb.u 111110- edge of tbe Latll ot !nature to uy tkat me~>t apply JJtht qu•tioa of latin~ " it i1 ll&l¥1111 to o.birk" or t_h at ••it i1 •·ntit l•·•lto it t:•·t~" who buat aiL gh'"a aay 1111\ural to be luy." IA&.in- Ia. a dia. ., , ' "'igbt'ltudy to the •ubj«t of Antbrop- Mt"e brougllt o~ by t rtreme f l , _ ID tht . Honl!~·,···h 'Ill)"~ .thMt llr> haK l'ltlt·rNI . th t_K . fi g!tt ~ea use Georg~ oloej ._11(1.,.. that in mao .. ; 0 all aalmal eo:-ooomie eoacfitioM &IIIOal tbe llumto \\ . l'l·rktns 1111•1 l- nu1k )l•u•lk'Y. IIIU IIl· tntlhomu r e t r ust magnat es, lif• thcrt;. a con•taot ;11,·oluotar1 tcad- rami!~. ~· <'lllllt' to him H_IJ(I ~~:ske-r.l h ~n1 to. lllHke ~hi~. eonntry ft d enner p laee nc,. ·w 1110,-e "doug the lia t of tcaot Tall• aa o•·uworbd. ..aa •bo baa for t hem to hnng u p thct r d11hlrt• n Ill. Exaetly. T hey \ l"llllt te~illtacce. " Jl\.ltance. ~~~..~.. be rittd of workN toag boun ia tbe .bop or other Hornoo·l·o·lt to dl'ltll 11p th is cou u t ry brenmn! it i1 going to b e paraaitca uiatiag amoag ~tber ani...W. pia~ qt emplor-at, or hu bteo eota· o;hilJro·n"s day. t.ha.o me~~, but hardly -any ioruu na pelled throug_h •orkiag abon er llmln , to be cited ..-here turh ,,.,...;,,.. u iRt n· kroep pat'll ••tk tlo.e tOUhloe; apply the rept througb tbe eurri.e of tbeir ~..-a ..,... pru>rip)t lo tb.a ..-omaa; let that 1obylical po•rr• for tbe proc'uran~t ot 1111111 and that " 0111.111 mate u d ll.aYe their food&. Tbe taake mar l iMp moM ptt)j<uy. It htcornctl Ml f...,...ident that W e ll. )l r. WorkingnJIIr' of the old par ty. d id "your " 11id e ot tl:e timf', but wbt'o- h~Dgr,. It i1 orery tloe cbihlrl!n hrou)lht up under Rich ••· Jj, j "your " liillt: JOHef Sonw of you. fli m p]e 11011)11, ha\•e hard ly a..-ake aDd o-ery nruuouoly .,.Qrtol oriroarnntt .,.;u batunll1 bt hom •!own ~·,;t. afto•r tlu· f'Xcitenwnl ntten rlant u pon g£·tt.i n g tltiK or 1 ce p ilniiMt p o li t ieirlll R new j o h . o o o Will tbOH who eoote1>d t llat our \'ole oa lt. Jllallk bl' J>Dnk, h wa1 a r<l\"ela rloa oo tat •Mnlnl" of refetl!l· to tile prof,..Min.al politiriana wbo followed•Ted<I.J. Yirontfteot, political condit.ioo., -lla¥t 110tblaR to do with our hapl ' t - aod 1ueccu, tile iobabitaat1 of for a moD~eat l A pc.-.oa toot. or oae crotbed weight, or aortouuded by ua't matt maell of· a l tfllqle illlpi'"OI•iar' kit lire, ua llel It · the •·ote rt of eomvarat!Yely trlu ro YOtt tor t htt-h"M llue an opportaaity•. or matcJy h1l tll.eotaehu iJI u age u that of Siberi&JI alav..._ muten will Jlt•er free lht tlaorn; tlaYH m1111 free thu•.eh"M. JHQ Pol..b." tweeaa" It It I:NI:I•I muter aad llt\'fl, io ttrike-, ete. . no II~ tr11 acruahOU a p.lut lodl\·1· dual• lh'i.Dr, 1>or tOT ta.ao Ddefilllt .arro" O"t"er tbe111 when dead.. Tilt pelt,. Dllltt which 10 to ~~~&ke ap tbt htiiJrOII!ttie wAo are at dea.th:Jrll" Ia O.t totla7 ba¥t IittiG lat antfl· on• other DDI.boe tread t f e~tau. • AD.T of t bem .U. ill botll ~l>o 1..,. lf User. Ia to be ...,1 ...ort. ina: eta. tan akf!d , ,.., the deal ba of iudh·lduala. ~y OJ.l.l!'bt 81 weU be oh~ oru tlrt dnthl ot t ile tlkouaada -wbo tlaullbtf""" 11)> the eapltaJi.t e)aH • Jllilla a.ad • 1 - aaoi . .a -.t.opo>. a pleal7 nell t.a wwj on•. ba•f,- natll ' •e b.an~ elided a,..um wlllela aa\ H rh'"f" poulblt. -,.,...--= =================-=========c===== \ 0~~~.:; !!:.f"!,7:.~ O!:,.M~t" II ta~::bl;.r;: oft'::".::~:;::! THE · ~ASSING OF PREJUDICE ~~~;~~::'~a:_ ~:~:!t~o~ ~;"r:::; : :~~~~lie :!: ·~~ .. ~~~:~;,~·~;~~::·~~:~~.':~~~; :~~·~·t:':e~~~~~:~~~:·,~.,-e won something. \\·11 111 was it you wou1 .. . . . . . \\ 11\ l""OIIdlttOn!l I.e 11 l_nt le •·ll~u·r Il l t he ~hop. 110"1'"" t ha i ~·on . J;'"llf' ."lu·atl 1111' 1 '.1 ~ 11 ". ~.-hul ,th. lu~c~l. " pc lll.tmtlef"'!! of t he old , 111 tolol ~on to olo tn -~ ' the !OUntr~! Xu. ("onolilion~ 111 the s hop arr worse. if lln~·thing. T he bos.~ h ss pruhnt.ly h<'gttn h1 yln j! off mNt. now that it is no longer neeeuary to uuo k.- II 11.how of "" J•tOSJwrit.l· •• to k e•·r ynu from I'Oting the tic k e t of your 1"111ss. ~:::11.~ 11:;;'.\.':,::· ;,:~\~'. ':.·~;1r:,.;,::·'; shorter nr th l' wn~L'li n n y longer J To the thoughtful f"'UO~ • ho re,.f"blberw that t be great majority of 8ocialistl thra11@bout the world ·are ho11u t. iadUJtrlou•, ibt~llijlcnt III'Otklblf· m~a. a nd that Soc-ialia~~~ will be what th.,.e ume aae aad ll!btil~ worketl, n1ao~· of rbem re!ij!iou1ly i ~dioo:d, make it, the orillillcatioa• of tu~h mco u Iilii. :17 BemJamiD ltNclL thou. who talk loudnt about otbtr Jlf'O' I to coned II ud ~aot o.eckina: to COYer jllt. do J.O "IO tlrowa t he "crl~ of the ;1 up. . • •keleto111 In t htir o•11 tJOiel.l. Cau the There 1-, ot ~oune; a grent dill'eH'ac~ Catholir. cburrll .,.peel to ~Jrape the in Catholie prleu.. the un1e" ia prorritit:i!m· it duen·eol fe it not Inti teotaat mlui•t..,., a.ad their floc':b. T he that tl:e thurrh hu ah••Y• OJIJIOII!d more ealil;hte nf'<l tad iatellige nt will e•·.,r,.tbi ng aew or old, that it ctid. Dot remain furl~ ia facing the 1bort~m· care to u~dent•nd. Wh.e:e 1ot h oppo&- iag1 of thei r cbuNII; the otbera, Ilk~ Tbey weren't. ' Dire pa•erty pr•n.llo. Ia Cblaa,-jlllt 1 1 mKII •here tllry Aa,.t at<'er IIMrtl of llqaoor, u it~~they .,. •tewed all the tltne. If they lla..e ~ire JIO_orerty wllere lo ao "'"'·what hoJ'e b l ~tre, Ia ~ric• of a bolithiPtr l"'"ert;o by · ong rum I But tbe~,-7ou eaa't fl'll~ Pr-olllbltlonltt to thtbk rba t fu. tk1t. clt7 art piteiar oat U.elr atMrre incOIIlt U t~EDtlltl'l bt -ltilt( 01:1 ta ble at eatM. Ronibh t11o.t1btl n.e elalef complMaaot bu bad. a lll.t.g!'lleellt ldea. t. it to pay tlte. teuheno 1110re mone.r.., t hat the7 won't bu ·e to 1eab oe "tht walten and wait oo tablet! I. Ob, •lear uol Tltat w(fultl aot he "Kient ie~ ~~~~;11:t;~n~Nl e:;~ ::•! ,;~;~;i~etof ~~: ~~:a :::;.ti;~:;':11='';! 11';:11fe_:;.::.•: :~~ ::.~~~:r:~i~t:::~!td!~~;· o":~':;":·J PO(OVD:O.;.;;;-~;-;;;; OW II ~:::.~·~ ~~~1111 ~~:~:~~:~~~:::~t:."r'ort:~~~~~,l~o~s d~-1\~~:~e~~ ~:~~~~~~~~~~ ~:ra~~i,.::.":';,~ 1a'!!·~~k;r•toa:.~::. ~~~.m~o~0:o::ta::;· i~m:~;·::p~~:~ \~ ;..:,:a;~ r~~: e:::~~~O.::'-.i~lle · ·· . · come I he bad tutkt luraeol in l he of llll mentbcl1.. Bot a cftlm tbougbt grow clearer. ThC!M are t.be Y··s •Bl'<"IIU.~ll tltt• ~t.win!isl _PRrty _hill! ~rOI"I' II IN!!UCttdo u sly. Did old partiu, theoe me~~~ben •ill hl' oo or t•o would eon•·ioce ooe uf tbe , .,. error 11 eomlng to the •urt•t'.t .' "Oil h:11·o· aw~· tlilll l! 11> oln ll"ttll Il l_ l>•tl your \"Ole help to I!We.~lt~e mea111 dollllaate the Soelaliot paft,.: ve~. Th~ daw11 ot Sotiallsm will lw.fore. Rut no ooe atcd ll!t'llll<"llll!" t~>THl !hut thn·~lt'llll the tll-~uth:n _hoa.rds .of )'Oilr eap•talist aad •ilb th• thought of t hne eornw melle the ad\·ar~ce of relljCio11 eveo more it, for 111 ' utitlote ia t.ruth. lllll~l··t!I T ~ o·rtn111ly not. If you \"OtNI the ••aptlllha,t tle~eh1. allo the rbought of t he thou,.od• of brirbt. t or it will lnftv.cace tbit u It will alwny• be ri ..ta whe re Th~: ~{Wialistli won. En•ry Sociali.~t today goes about with a "altured a ud iatelllgeat. rro:nrita from .will ia i!.Gcute uerytbing elle. budd· due; althou.gh, of- coane. l>rou•l ~~~ on his fnco:. He has 11een tht• t )"('mend ous g11ina o( the So· coller"'• tbe profe.on, etc.; likewi.r> a1t1; aad t he cbar.:o"L will •till be 1up- movement. like the SoeiaJill\ t·i~tli,;t p url y Hlld it w ar1111 the- cocldf's of his heart, })ceaa se it llh OWii tlae hobdredt of mloltten who. are aol ported thea u It lt ll011", loy tAoae who It .JOUng it tan not be ~m j~~ttlt)~~~~1.~1yarll~f~~=~~b.:':'J~~::~ ~i'l~ ~:::::: w·h e n you and h e ' betwe~n fC::.u';.ll ~= •:: ;!: a·'~''"" '-··-- !~~::rc~~.a~~ ~hl:~rt:!: :~~,;ht~\~~~~~ ~.:t;~!nd'i~i~~~ ::::h e;:,t~::. ~~a~o:0 ::!~: ;!; ~t01::.!':b;,~~-it W11adera wll,., 1iaee time lmtoa- iadu1trial eonditlobl def"l• e t be ::::!; O.S:.,~~!:'.'e th~> <'ontent lo traill\ft('r "11p ellb imlcrs,'' who a.rt: 1111id to keep bondere to t he eapitali11t ma~~ters. Tbe eapil.ltl illlli ai!W be1•e won , and t h e e.apilalist. smile The :~,...:;:;.~~;~0~h..:a£t::e':[. in ~or ranka, 1 Oae lie hu lltudiffi out t he <. ue1tion fo r h imllelf w bile yoo h ave in elubbing you out o f the u ..,., k_aowa, bui abool ~ee, If the capitaliua were to ttat:hert a fi!w dollan more • it would baoro a tea<ltlt1 to ·••tit t onteat•• aaoa1 tile othtr ·I •bo work wl!.b their'braia•. t heir kaaiJt, aail me...r m111a't, lia•e aay 111011 di•· eh~h ~ ~r~aa '• ~;:lt:e~~.:'~~~a~':ai;"~~ ,~:::~:: :;oetll'::~~~~~.:~"!a.by J>O¥ert.J, :::·,\ ~=ilca;:-;.r:. a .. llu l .• ' o~r!f~u ~:~~~~:~~~h.~;o!;"m';:Jo~o:.dition.'l wil ho ut lea~ing t~at c~ Th.. SocialiKt t nn a ffo rd to -be t~erene. The Soeia liat \'Ote, wbk h ~= ~~:~o~~ r0e1~n~i~(W~: ~:d':a::ri~f i~~!·~~~u11~f . j . .poet.aeolar eaou.gb the~=!, "';""l:'OJ~~d ~~~~~: ~0 Rit a Bal~ 110!" ~lr,k ~..ideae11. a ebar.ntr •irtb ,w. waa. ''D!O~· fM ~t ~~'-' ~'"!'- Ia ·~· ~• Social~~·-~ b . 0 1 ~~~. . l>~~ :_:,r .;.j It 1, :-;::,. abo.t .tree alten~ a lcetu~. or ~ad a beea It ••1 aa tulfortaaate toomeat for pe:o.t tbat kt wn oppo;:·~~ei:faaa;:1:::: :::e: ::~;yac'::~·tri::~:·e~~!;; ~rta~l;a: ,:~:;-'!.:.!~. ·~~= tre~el wouldn't ha.e IIV" c;::n::~"ld~;~ ~::!; ~:: c;:.';;;~ ~~~=~':!:: :~:!toe~,.~ ~·::~~ !;! ,!~ :~.~;'1. . e:;~ ,r!:;;.u~;: ~ 0e::l~t~: :':.':: :U!'~~ ': !~ion!~~;t : . :~:::~~:::l;-l~h~:~7: ~7,t~e:e_~h ~d~ie~~~~='o,-:: '::-~~~~:er-.:-:=.::d ;!r'~:==:u::~:~:.'~!::ia::C ~~ ~,~1!~0~~ ~otc:~:Po.:: t!' .:;~h:~::~:.'~~f~;;:;: :::•::;.~:;:;.~a.~;: 1~t~~~:~. !;::;~:~f:~~~~~!;!l::ata~:.';: =::~uto.:o':U:~I::;~"J;0:ia!:fe: 1 ~ NeoJ~I~:/~ wbo bu• .,,.. til e lit b ut a I" A? I a11kl you t o IIUb»Cr"!bt> to a \t'Or km g-ei iUIII p~per. R!:;: ~a~~!~:-.:~d ~J.P life work bo.fore · the work ing elaas. lo••, ' 'tilt ~bl=:~~:·~~~~~~:: aatloa at lie wlll~b Ia pu(tetly cleou to rrrwt· peno• eea• IHn u y tbattb • '!:o:U11i&Ar of t lta . htdDthlal aalo11 OJ"P• b:Uiou ::b::!.";.c~~: :;;..::·,·~~~~ ;;::.~~ = b ,'*;;~I ~rt~~:. ;.·t.!~:•:.~= t~U:, a~t=.:; ~.::~~tba ~!~~~~~!e~ ODt tht laed tiat IIMJ* tlle llle,ttl=· = - e" - aad OJ-I tk workl to,.. wbat Au lb bladr a te ~:~~.7,.~ t laoqht. be eo~~• to •o one by p11~a1i.1 aa opjiO.It ; tltat tlH!7 bear U.O.t Uf athn ,:=:\:•:.:-:.:"ai~-:!: ::n~,..~~eb1u.e:~~:;lt 11~e1,;:~ ':;:;~ e~!:,Ia ....,i ,..t ::,~=!~e l:;d~1 ~:: ::!,. ~~:~-:...ofro:::,..~"~.~ ,::::~ ·;:;.~::-;.~~=: ~: . . ' aad ,.,~ thta.~•ct .oat thlDII to bM.r t.. ,.; -~ :0 -.,.-00I<P ~-- aa No - • wor'tla7 ot Ut,e auitt faa ·!::!, -:::~~:. ::~.:. '(OI~ to prof- a :: al· t:.: wiltth 111 .._ ~.,!.~:~c~ku~::' to: : : . ! : 18yipto 1 aMp wlt._t 1 ~]lUI, adr ,.:~ -~raN ;1 wr••j•J~t.. ...,.. _ I . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-11-09 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-11-09 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n023_19121109 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n023 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/1242adde0846ad7f9f3be7e4cccc0384.pdf d4aedbaf811fe43778251cfeadee2061 PDF Text Text JIUI'I'ALO SOQA1JST ON SAUl A%- S7AI'IDS ~AYTO SAnntDAY THI8 18 NO. uv- 22· s..t.riotioa E.RENEW AT ONOR Vai.1-No.22 LYING �Jofllitka n · ~ Al<ltrman Gaul tr, wbo hq CORRE a monopo ly o n hill ]OO!IIing in :'\ lagar a ' ,. ... ••·· ·· •·••lo~a......l ~ •• •• ...........,, I exec ... for the SPONOEN f>Oiiticiana to ,._.,. mon er In tb i• manner. Tb e;r r an get r~~ort •·ot" ... ith thn long green than b;r nbibit ln g thei r good look a on bill l!oarda et c. I Tlu• 6 0<'inli• U arr j1Ding rij(bl ahe ad Tbia f!OUrllllltiiL Ia Itt prt"Se ot alate ltJ" OG;Il4 Je P . A Wont o! Appred.atiOIJ !rom thl ..- b~rt t litt lawmaking bo<ii" areLdomOn tO'II.riDc!C.An&ette~t ~e. in llt.HI o•·er and coDiroll etl b;r the truata with th e gro"tlt or .ol'iall..t NoO•im,.,,!,,;,...hao;o~ a nd ra llrnada iauotademMrae .. and a tlo.rougbout tile .entire IU.tf!. VJ5 l'a11e St. tn 1e go•·en>meot, but a priYiit@-1 SO"'· clalitt ·,.j>eahr oint Dil ly 'pa :~:~,.,.~~·~· ,:;~mr;:~~:~b::.:~:;:t::~ '!:iCo;:~~~;.";- ,..,.ei•..U ~lan<l n ~:ooo! ~hnnr.~ u r f! le4' tintr .rOll~ ~-;, I'ARSO ~S. HOVLER CE •bout ti!t~n So- ooe . ~;11 i.~: .. ~.·=l~~r ~:~mbo: 1:•:.;:.:~~=: I o•·e~. ti.....,~:li~be -::fM!::d~~ ~: ~~!~~"~~:\;~e 1 :to:~~n~ 1:~hm~~li1= i th iD . one hundrl"l i>ri•·iltjo~ot~l heariotJ l'i~~::- ID 111tb~ 1 :it!:l~e:l ;..;;;;;1;.,;;:,,;;;.- .j• ltate In 11 !tOt • o"·11ua 11 .,.bere Car>itali•• i1 H blgbly ' •:u~•n,:l~~·:.. ;r;~:~k:.t:~:~~~.;~:,ou~~lr:l~ : ;::~R: ~~:~~~:k;zd:~u at:d t~':e'.: ;~ : ..:,~··;.~i~:~nl~l~~~~f:;d 1.·r.•·1w~~...~l.u 111 !{::~~~~ a;lc~~M: I~7:~:~:~:~:~. ~~~~:\';~r.,.1 ~:,d p:~b:::: :~ 1;:~ . ·.~:::1 11 .. ~~t, 4ut in~:~~~::~~~~ ~~:,;,• ,~;~ti;,';''~!~~o .::;;I ·•·•·'•·-• I"''""' LOCKPORT. N. Y =.;•l::. . :~~·::'~.;~~ .::~;:":~~:;:~:~~~.,:~:;~~~·!;~ ::;~:~.; :.:~: :·: ·.~ :;: :~;~::~~:e::~··: :. :~~~:;·:~r ~·~: :~:l :~;t! ~~~0::~1,;.:! ~:.::2~~:~~.:~ ~~~:::r:~.~:~~~~~~~:~~ nro •l ''tho·i t " '·'l"''' tol ,. • an<lo•ln l>•• •~""' h. r atr rT ... m. el~t:t ' tl~<'m. ""'1 ·!Jol-t th~ur J••riieo ha•·iur.; their hottre ~~:~;: 1 ';~ 1';.,:.:,'~1 ~,;~:~.,~,: /,~.:,H~:·. ,:~· , ..,!:::::~~~~y .~-;" 1 ;:::~~~:uo~.~~~: .. :o ~~::~ I :,:'~~~'~:~;,.,~., ~~~~;~l;l~i'~/th:~;'~t~:. ~~:l~";::_-'i•t 10m I" t.-ll t hr truth nl.out u• ' )•,.,,.], [l('tj:N •J..,~r lorr.• la.• l W ,.J.u~· rn r~ J •lace. th~m. l u all rlt"<ln ral o!io: · :'\'~\\' if.&l't: ll. rno•·.,mrnt i• tbe honor ot ~b:.. r:rh•;::: •;~:l"':~·•••• :~~~: T~~7;h;•;,.;~:·:; ;~h,;: 1 "::;~~- "'t:~ ~:,'; 1,'!;,.;' . .~:ea:;;;. r :.~;:: ·:r.-011~-..::~;~;;:·;· ~~e ~~~~~or~~:.,~.~ :;·,:~::t ~~~;o~;:::~~.~~~u;'::e .:··'"·. ~~r;~t~~~~,i~~{:~§~~~~~f~[~~~ f~!~ d1I O! fnr Go•·ernor," ~ ~~ lure on tam · Our I''''" •·ote .,... t hree tin1 M pai ,~tll b~ ut:• ftl ~l oo"" lhll, Or.t. Z:\. ~rea te ~ tlla~ lu HllO. and n~~t r.- f'ning t br ~un nme ou t Comrade SELDEN H . W ITTY .. itb n garhl .. d b.rugur in t inuui rig that Ru-11 h.ad said • mo~ ..qual dil· ~~~~~i::li:!.,. ~= 11ahu~:rio~bl:m::;":~~ ~ ~= F • w • HILL 16 6rlll St. Keeps t he b est Meat in Bu ffa lo a ~·e ry 1hor~ IJ"'I!<! of timt: 11. d~ moo;,ta fy uc&~tbe orl<l hu onl~· o.IN"arnt.J. of. .,.onltl 111 . f~rtb &I • monuur~ut of th_.. e rmonatJOI> of tb e· ..age..,a rne,. and tn.uquility oroold prenil tilroug h· = ~~ne~, :;tit;~:.. ::~~~:~~:~~d Sullo.lay tbe 20tlo. of Oct . .,. .. aa able ea ·~a ~erllke mutt F;r .thi• rf!~~t~n ber l*':'Y bo:.. of tbe !hell metiUiity, 1..--t eiMted a full - ' aliet Plioooo. P-..ol IUDl ZITTEL & BAUER ,~... ~ '""'"'".. tlo.at ::mm ~~~~~~ !:;:~~~":O:r ~~~ 0 ~0 ";~~; .!:~ •.,.;..,.~h" ~~h~::::~~v;:.. :·~ ~a;:~7. ;::;~~;~~ ~·!u:::~. ,.,-u t;,:; A WORK P.r.. noeet. Ia tt.. na• torre of it wuliben.l,, tbrougbout niae· tb• .raw there are thri1'llllf --------~ lalf tbe tpirit of o•e wbo it open to TO !'HB Bll.t.LrK OOIIIOMIONEIL locail' e-om~ frn tlo.e ~ c:.uH OR Ot.IWlT w. u.-., ::a :a~u;j~ ta~~::.,~:~"':be ::e~;·~b:t;fo/~.~~~:d l!;;gr~~v':. :.~::!~:e..~~-~·;:• ~=n-=~~~~r~ .:~~; at J:-ill-:~·~=i: -~ it~t\ ·l"'·... •·ote. an<l .,J..., t..U Watf!rbur1 , tb. ~ ..-.tf.b 111,1 tbe ~tl • i 11 d 1e t tat" bu a 1 IM'Dl that prom;..,. 11111 c.11 for ::;"::~~~;....~~d ~~~~..:: o;: ::td~K~"o:~ f'.d\~~~ ;:rr:.~d~::.·,:b l bUI lettu fu -::.·~ of do!P"atiltn or •ggi"Ni1'enelll a 11<J tbe ,·our paper! ;.;,;,.,;,JIIIJUIJ Beant.ley, Ulfl' otalf! - retar,y and noctida~ • E. :~~-::;~. ::'.d"e~f:!'n: ~~~~-i~;:;a~t':._ea~~~:;_:~~~~t::_::: ~~;a~ ::!~::7u "::::.s .." 1 ~•=8~-~t~~~v. ~::ai;~., o;,~;de;~1~e :~~~'::!~f~~ ~ ::.~:..:': ::,:;~le•.a:=_:ra,10.,.!::: :•:1h~e; ~:~~~:~~~..e:~ ;~:~~~r 1 ~n:.:;:~ooberw:l~pr:::~~~= '-~~~ :~n~~..;::e:f:::~ ear n 11tilatioa :~ld ;;:t~~:o ,.::•&. .~: t!': uk FUIIJIITURE ___./';:::========:; RAIN COAT SPECIAL ---, I We plcked up 100 fine double texture coats, both rain aod 'storm proof. A regular fifteen dollar coat that we have put on sale at just l10.50 All sizes from 33 to 46 Step ltvely If you :Want one of these fine coats . LH. BAKER &CO. 353 Main Street IIOOUOII ILOCI · mlk~ dear to ber mind tbat lte fOUII • 1<11own 11 1 ~ vanurn 111tf!m r.dmita ao·erat!~ Hor.ialiot about tbe f.b.aat:H M.t ioa prindp~ atl illt:OIItrorf!rtib le 1rNb a ir from under tbe car alld fonett Sociali1m ia Co11a..o:.tkot, be wouLd ;:~ !~:=~t~:a~·,:~7~'Yu~ t~e ;:~: !~ oa.:.:.b;;~b and it ougbt to be ob•·iouJ to a~·.,,,. \D . telligeat per1011 tbat oppo.itloo to Bo· ~iliilllll, If it eould be made eflMtil'e, weuhltoratbe' tideofei'TiUU.tioubaek· watdllld<l..uo,., fort be time,. allhof>II of buu'a" advallet:meoL . Tb e th o~agln aupHtod itlf!lf to me dtc.r"eari111ftlo.•aenn.laJit:akenrwbo follo.,.ftd !otiu Pratt, and .. b_ feml· t;;:nope:oll t!:c,!:r~~~ admin bl.,, bot ·tb e ddeet ~om,.. in tbe fact th at du:~t with tbe m ill fa~ iato t he u.r , aD<l at time• beromel &itn OII •tilliag to the panugrra. AI IOBI{aJtlieeati•iDoperatiOBtb ed utt ;, adn!itted, ai..ee tbe r ery mo~e11t of tbe f.lr ltaelf ge~>en.\N dull hr t:loo<IJ,aa<l tbi:ola turo lo ,<lrawo i11to tbe ear. ::e t:tlli:•:,.:-;:._wil~tc~W.,,',,..,. I Follo<o r&cetrtry, e rtraw •-ote ..... fa~oriM. Debit reeei•·ed tbu Taft llld Wil- J•nt raa awa,y abead of all dida t t"L Tlo.e - s -l iet.a f.ov:.t:o" ~~ to Ued h'll• t ho At WaYi11gfonl a - '1 i ~=~ 11?bi~~~b ~" ~~..!:~t' ~~~:;li;: d.:t~~;~ :~~~ !n::;,:!:,;"!;::::e:t:~ ~=,::; ~a~~~.; '\L::: a n•wuable tor.,. w•re .a mueb hl e'ri· to hnltb. Tlo.e p~1'Aleaee of tube~u· of lit en.tore. Tb e i'!t~I'Nl deac:e, tbt It mirht well be eonli.dt.red loa;. aod othe r pslmoury a ih:nufl i• i1 H grea.t U....t tiM t:itla.a• ::. . ~ ~~-:~·~~:,~~.:OW::: !::!!. t~7!:ti~b~i~~~.,t1n.,;!~ g&lfl Ia deba(ewit b either of t be111 oil tbi~ quaat.ipa. Tbi1 i1 aq~i .. aleat to uyiag th at - It I• a deuoa~U..blct \nlt.b, 1111t&ined by aot.b eleaneu of •rpmMit, wueb •• -•rrayoftaett•Bd'lg· trree,iueb fa r reubiDIJaadeOt~eluh'e e"Ti de~ ee, tbat ao toree of ·Jofri.e, • • Kl- of rb ~Lori~, ao d.laplay ot leua· i1111, wollld u all Ia au~b a conb o.-en, . . Soc=• 111 ::=,~~: :~~· a:~~~ 111 mi!IIIIDOI(I•tertlo.aa t katlabaled ~rent i11 the aoor ears. dudon aad al!d•1 • re io lft:l.ll!ll"'. 'fa would ao&~Nt aa • lbtolll atlf. •.pr htklln8 of ,_,.. . ear tTaf'b by the e&a be d 11a e, or t..1'e tbe diHit I ~~'~111~.,. c'o'J,u : ' ' :' : ;· ... u ...tabli•IJed ecno.aie ayllteta ie a11 el1'i- ~·d~ of· Haltll to do tir,e.l ~olla triu. A. c. w. lmme.hately to tafepal'd t~ healtll ·lhl lral o,.N. Y.. Oet. !4", - liH~. Edit or llua"a lo Soelall1t: ... ~~~~~·at...l•t~:!~:b~;lh'\:. i:~~~:~~ n~~·:::D111, :;b;febrl:~:~e\::!.~~~; o.oh·ethe II"OIIO!IIieall<l· pol itleal <!'UIIeul· t iu tbat roa froa t tbe Wllr~el"' of Ottf '-~-------·" C!OIIIII ty . ' btr::::.. ::::r~~Lallp~~:~ !"' growa, bo.,.e.,er. ---T.Od7 e.& Daot be tnllttd l!ll ( ept To attaill iU objet.~ tb. P"• tbe tnlllt.L d;.-;.,:~~~i::. .u.;.ft:,l.,.;.,.l"''"'" _.,-·N--·-· ~'."""""'' td......... .' ,.," J•-by I1~~~r~••111 ~IJ....bt :ran ot a.-nwtll ........ ,......,..,.._ 2137 Cerieaee ._St. �·R .e turns · of all Parties ELECTI.ON N,I&Ht i . -at- BROA~!!~!t.!~~ENAL Socialist Party Di1ncing Pi1rk Bi1nd Sptcli11 Wirt moving Plclurts Refreshments of all kinds ADII8810N 10 CENTS CHIROPRA CT I C M,ljuo tmrn~ nf rho• ··~rH•bnotu n•llr•n• I''""' o.ur· "" .,, .._., •• , llwtt·hy n·ot url n...- t•• til~ t11•n•• le tir o ,.,.,,,.,,. ho lh•• h r ~ ln Mllrl • !rluKI cnnl, tl~t•cunto·ul nf th~ lll<!l'h!Otlko!. o•l,.•tiii~KI M111l lw 11 Jin l( IICfhidrl u f MIL !lr" <>f~~ll• ou,! !looiU!• uf thr budJ' , lf )"llhrt•olrk ot~.ihal• • • !r h"(!numyuwrh•llll wlt h uut ro•oult, tr)' t'H 1110l' IIAC1 ' 10 oplnol 11d j uotmt•UIIIII<I.:rt " ' r•ll . l.ii~I'IIIUr" tn"ll,.t\l/U l l'ljlll'• l. i-;:uml uftt lunllfrl!r•, F. 0 . HANSON, D. 0 ., CniiGPIUIGI. Revolving Duplicator RECOMME.N'JJEIJ BY Its USERS .FOJI Strength and Simplicity of Cons t ruction EnK of Operation Lar~ Printing Capacity Equilibrator l'rcs!lure Bar Adjustable Cy liDdC1' H a ndle Origin11l Stripping Plate _Adjustable Coullting Devitt QUAUTY OP WORK ECONOMY IN TH£ USE OP SUPPU1!S Underwood Typewriter Co., Incorporated 50 Nagara St., Buffalo, N. Y. Ckanin§ Pre8ftn~ &.BeDDeH liallor mtul• C/Jt/Ju .......... ..,=...,. ..... J_.._,.. 3111'/... UtG. ..... l!lmwoal. Q, ARME"IIANTIE o ... Bstl81ian Hall JOHN UNVeRZART ~~ 778 87-.aNtk. ........ �1'1.1~ .-..n.TBTTKII ..........., BUFFALO SOCIAUST PUBLISHING COMPANY i2 Y.EacJ-sw..t.Wiklar . BU'Pl"~N.y-. llAaT'DIIH:lllll.l!lt.~· I"JtAI'OtaHJt~.T- Hm'KT TUTT111U..., !ITitP'tlltM a.--- A661.- r 5lY. Ea,k ...... Wfloof J. JolAHOfQ.Y • . _ "-· BlJFt"AJ.O,.N.Y. '\'OU...UC.-~~1101hfiil.k. Hcnr~. · - dol't .tad )1ft&.,.... II tile Jeut - W.IN"..td Wl""pt ...... WI ~ida 't bi"'l II till w--. ~'-,if a tow a,Jw, ..n.tpot.a, paq-l..l.4 folb l.lki. ~h. ~~ ... .d ..lb. Ha.u.. u d )lr.l'tiuudt.IMfrllllet ll.a:1'>t· Banu:- ~lr. Tlworlnrf' UoOIWI'dt aud ro· rt niu otlwr or till' Hrrll )J O<I!it: jllo&rty lutv., J,.·t•u .. Ci!IIIUI or Tht• ll Cp Uir!io· ll ~l f'Bl"ly KIIJ Rbh• KO UI K who !l<our islr ou the I t nult ,.Jun'li nml tho· worm: u nnd ~;iris 1 twin•• hrrt o ry arul 0 1'1wrr ~)rltu"'' :-;,.,,. nn d vh:n ro u ~ l~· tltHI tho •)· lui\·,. i I · CBUI!I' ! ht·~· ''"ll)d /lt•Vt'r. !1\i, IIC\t' r . ill<\1•1'<\. ti n o f till' Ho·puhli o·nn ~.1timm! rtJUfon n. Lo•t u~ ,...... The Ht' pu!Jiio·nn ~~~~ ionnl 1' liJ-: !lAY HEFOHE nmnimllious rM th e nt th f• Ro'flli lrlicH n 0'0/J \"<•ntiuu . ,\PTEJt th o· p lntform, th(· • lo·l• ·~<:ll h"' pro•·•·t'"III., J wi tlr th~· H oo~•·•·••lt fur th t: um ui uutiHII . "Th•·n.·· WHI will lillY. '' If ) Jr. HooMf'\'eit h11d ' ""' " BBU.B IIOUaB U.B.AKD.Brru:.. lll• .luli1 Pnt ~ Belle: )louM'iJ>ft.k,.... uked al 1 wotllbt c:a. p.l btrl•r wtl~re th "read a papttr, ' '" • Ia Delawya · ~•"o wtlur tbl Pt. ~rettt!, J'~"' hrt.yaU.~>,Jtontlrtl-•t" til e m.... Stn~~&lo. "\V• tll,.rpl . . it,''waaberprulilptrelojiCinM1 all ol" wtll t bis iPO.t c:o riOqa. !\ow l.Q• Pratt, tanallt bt t ilt -.:booh of tile &II lf l~, lm-.1 . . lUI ttrt IJoo.. dlll.lltll ·· ~UmJiih" ttle'C'I.... St""'lk-,. tollowiac the eano. of the &m I'JIDAhn, alloW1! lbat tbe Prolf'H'" :;~;]:~-'.t: ~~::~~~~; ::.',:;· u~;~~ :: :~ J''~ r~~~~:· ·~ ~~~·h,~~~.~,.~t~M:lt~l~~~::~u~~~· ;~:~~~~~ g H :: ~;~;~~_':. nr~· ~ .. u.~n'"'' it l•· uti o: nl J•!ntform tl111t Ttlft i." running on I{ ~lr. lloos(·n•lt !mol lwo•n "IIO'cc~fu l ' in bi~ f'ITort to ge l the ll ••pulolii·Hn u .. tu rmotillrl. h,• wuulol lo1• tllnuiu~ todll .'' 011 lh ~ R··puh· lio·n 11 plnlf.,rw W ll lf" ll W.\S AllOI ''TE IJ HEFOUE Til E Ql'l·:S. Tin~ OF TilE ~',\\ IH II . \TE \\'.\l-5 BHfl!'fi iiT I ' P . . \n•l tii<·JI tlwrc wouldu't hun' het'11 1111~· "IIOt·iRI Rml inllu,.;t rifll ••u all fipt.; but ·ta &lie ·~ dic:IIJla liN:, WI atJ.Id 11.::1 tHt h U.. :~~.:.;to~t d~l . ot. lntw-atlo1> •h·e~1 ..-lll "tllni.J>lo& "aa1tt11 1J: ' "'' el'trydliltf that wni ..-Ia a 1"0lefl$f tile TOotQ' Oa l'. .~ -j.;;_J~~l!,l.~.~J'-.:'!:!"!"::;':: 0:,:. ~'·-~::\:·a:~.,~: ::,t :::: wltft tbr Otrate.t llt.n nu Ever Lh·ed, t t O'.. 'k OOMvelt l'lf l.rl to 1 t!OI• ll'io>uu-oftkelll-exittuc-.ofa. tt nrn·lel ~>tlw!H""'rd' : " CI.... . fOillthlfli-' ' J•••iag,.,..,. wmwa,.tilat th~ '"a'~'"" I <loU••• olo NOT c:h mpio1 th d .... TM&etaUat l.. rtytilt""rlllr flledlt<l to A..BOLlSH tile t luto llut P ..u wa. pe1fo:o~t·· w._ Tllf.llu.lllLieaDOO'.hiiiJ>IO• O".laM atnrJJ ie. and MC!k to c:outi • JAuO'.Ueaaesplolt..t ioa~tft l>e wortr...-b.lcil ia tile baala &lld tilt bona f4 We woad~ ~~"'~, 'ot'!''D.uelfoare u t..a\1 mE '''111IaDPAa.n.·· petthtn t ret..- to tilt BaJit .»fc• I,.I'I1 U "tile tlalrd puty"l•lll.. 111011 eoate111pt lhle jobbO'.ry tlaat-., y d . ble&putov•bytbatagreptloael' la bor·tklo.atrt aod pollt..lul falllr.. U • ..-udo&eto~t tlr•neoekaf tbt • .. d to belittle t.H S..:lall.t. Tlrt &,11 IICHitf oal llt 'b NOT" JlOI'IOYif 1 ltilaot. .. at all 1 bat •• ladepuori· · ent CFOUP of "'DUra will ,,. n~aalat ... n. Jo,J~att..ldllll. •-•t We tallt It Wt tM ot ao&wnt~dl "' lh ,Bell M.loa do. Jt01. t k• to ~. U.t tMy Ut Uoa tl!. ~ party. ,.. • • • u. ,, faet, tiler• .. abtoleW,ao"-laltrdle.......,O• W t t'tl'- ,...., ·e...otat. a pet.IUc:&ll ,.!11' Ia t.la.hi nat.. Ne - • ' - .:,.,. ad a fOta,forlL Jtllu ao~ Rudl.oc: w a poUo.J' puty. ItwuadaUbtratt.I.N-arilTI-· .ult 141 tl!.. Uoltd rutl'.-tU 8ocl..u..t:; Pariy, alarewcll1 .....,.H "' tq e.pl· W!.t • ....,_,.,., It woald bl • ..-_.,.. It wOGJd rea~t ... ~ at .U.. tlaa\..._we -.rt lM nt• d t.MIi•plt , ... ..-. w19 \o Tec~tll ~ bat lil•plr"' ... we JU"""" DJIIII 1M ptt\1 u.IIY... Tilt 8Miel'-' Party .-m M tl!.lrd •• tM btJlot _ . , wll.lko th,»e.n V1« wil l btl •war eaUW. ,.a... t.uo ... ..... - ,...1c o.-u •• Oro rJPt 111 l11 ..a ~a UIOIIS Ule 1161, •odwkll.- oUu iod.Dilftt lfrotlpa. • OIIITDrO ftA.TD 4Jr~W'a&SD. ao..n.. t.M Ball Xln uo . . . , a.~tlliac t.li.aG at otl&ar tt0. &I· ' ~~:r4ay a llq1lad ot. cllear, a1'811d wltll lrpr:raboob, weat dowa to til• li ~Kie"' _ , _ , lad pra,-.d to IL littlt tor•·~•.. t'•r~er')' r lt '•Jaft. u wall to Jl'fiY f.or a 111re tl!la~ru u.,.. pray f or tl!lap Llalt I " 'tO aot 1 0 abnL You ,..,... b -•e llk.fy tO-o M "&a~...-rN." rr- an tJoat •• t aa.. ptllu, ·lh, a-...att 11 ....,, aad 11!.... ............,...,.-' !l.rtas::.· u • r..Wt ell' U.. Mlhraahe lntld" L • 1a fwt, M b..ia .. _,. · daapr U.U,, VI IU.t . )orfou a&1 wkli ill etoaL bUia4 t ... lla.d1 wpr UtW n IIJ.tork KetU. H ut ... ' " " , pot•b.ot tt.- ......... wCIII'ILiapaa le B1 •ut,.-- -:-- 1-••-•· •· -- U..t S....l.aUna b ~. l'.&llpa.lp Mpe.Re.,•, wm-~ .,._ ~~- tllo .w, tN 1 Blaall-. 0.11•• ho tlloapa aad it will take . tn.e to .._ ScJot.iaJ:I,,. b tM h,pt. pal i.. t -~~ ,.. ., 1111..S.Cial1Jit W:M .co- to ye..r ..., at t•i.ak,. •..J GO Tre.ly, - ,.; ""D"malf It If U.ty eaa; bot It do. - • U.t tii'J' YJ01116 1.11-f•• •* t..rf Oio •••ft ' .. - · appa.rut te tire •c.t\t.:r du. ~~~.... parti«~ Jarl1 ..... ,.. · eo .. r.t.u tllat· ....t 1'f IJ.e11 UYI- .V.U.ware ntll- • aad aq nppMtd' to tr..-a PlHaiiT_. .tti1"•clt~,o:p:a.. • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-11-02 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-11-02 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n022_19121102 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n022 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f2ac6a7dc7fa27f45e7f855030cd50f0.pdf 400dd04dc8785f312288dc29e050a463 PDF Text Text THE llVPFALO SOCiJI usr· IS'GlWNm AND CONTitOUZI) BY THE 'IVOitlOI'IG O:.US' ~APITAUSJ TRIC!·RQBS .· ·BUffALO WOllKERS • j< ' ,..;!~:...:_ • 1 ~ 9,000 THRONG TO ARSENAL IN DR1llUNC RAIN TO HEAR DEBS Political Gathering In the History of BufDoes Honor to Standard Bearer of Socialist Enthusiasm Runs Riot and Meeting is a Splendid Success. Party - �lDIJ;ltUSIC, .wn _ RHGN "Tell me .whole toOls you lise lnci i'll tell yoU· whoae-slave you .are." · . "Tell me whole brood you es~ .,.S I'U toll · -J'OU whole aong you sin&·" · • · ·~ · ~ermlnlam,~ .b r, Is ' the thing thst mateo people tum direction whence tiloy . I al' . easy money." · " "Wars and revoludons ~ not fought be· ·cause some folks.would rather have a red and blue lhsn· a blsclt &lid whltot nag ·: "When our God·feartng ancestors Imported theo. black hoathenS, they didn't do It because they hsd· a grudge against them. It wu. purely a matter of buslness." Tllll'l A PUICR II lVIIY Ull �Caf:ididate for Secretary ~f State \ ·- - A1'-- Copvenfion .ifall Elmwood Ave. ~ednesda~ Evening, OCT OB E R 30 RESERVED SEAT TICKETS ON SALE AT SOCIALIST HEADQUARTERS, 52 WEST EAGLE STREET. �§W~~··~II£I!;ll~ PUISl..l!.lftD YDXLT BY THa BUFFALO SOCIAllST PUBLISHING OOMPANY P1tANJS att:IUIJQ'IttJW. T - ILUITUf HaJSI..U, ,.,.._, H11HRT T UTTHD...l.., " - - ? Mcir..1 ~ Y . Hap Street. 3rd STill'tfaH }. IIAHCIH&Y,._ ..... Doxw BUI"PAW, N, Y, ._. ~PibSI.OOpt:rr.u,SOc.U:moaebl.,aTAW.lrl • ~, . Eo!e1'1!d N teCOnd-el... matter J11.11e 5, 1112, at thl pou otllot .., Bo.ft'alo, New York, at~det' the Act. of liuch 8, 1878 f'OR GOVBRNOR CHARLES EDW. RUSSELL � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-10-26 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-10-26 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n021_19121026 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n021 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/130d20c9ff564babd5a8fbf6e7202313.pdf 3389180e93fcebc558bd9850d85a0f95 PDF Text Text ··:·-PR U·ClAM All 0N - · -· : To tbe Working Class I SodaDat Ge'ta Rtl!ulb Mao w~· -'-Tiiree of ~LJftalo HocxiWulk Employees. nno..P t.lr.o !.~ ,;';.. ·~~- •Mti•p ~of~ t.1oe ol!lebll of ' tM lllltanll.· the • 'hlb o.a• ..lr)eotl and Pellow Workers: followfn.r qaedionihave been asked of Bu6alo Soci&lil~: ad U.. leadus of \be Progned.ve Party honorable, high· who CA1l be trul\ed. to giYe the couuuy &n bones\. cl•n "'_'".•"'..'!i .u"',."'..~~~~~,-.$11. i~ ~ otJlet.J. WIM 'lfny ID~b - lla•• DOted t.M -lr.lq ·.,"". ol -• ..W b w.ltat- -.u.11 tlaSU laM a.t. 'l'!Mti.ai8.plll11p.Otb&iM a ~· fet TKroal>oll or ...tat t.U aot , .. . . . ..,. l'bt i8 nt' hap a .._. la foo4 aad e\oth. ,._to... ~ u. adn-1 tba orp.U.. u I• otMr- eiUft.. lou be.- ......,.. tb1 ltiJW .-11~ - tllte r.-tt. .rt.ar twt UolllnUo t M-.r..tc&r I • · tlr.U tity • • • 1aell ot t.lr.~ ~ " Mo . -. a faal J.au.raa1ioaal \1 _ . _ d~ klada of .P• ...t ~lar'l- • an tlao lo!JII'aet. kia.d gf cun. ,.;u 0.0 otloera aa4 U.· tHir fallow workol'l, lato azpaadia llj ta Lila= 1.41 . .aoo.. ia to pt tlt-eir .opial.nu La .,.u... U• t11rn o•v \JI'f tat.ollte eo•pe.11y. ' tloY '"~' tiM Iakr. .t Oonal bu IIMU io !lao d . . of t.loe R11oal&n Iu ofrleen Ia ttr.rir sJ.. .,.,)I ree••• . tW ~a. ·lia-S -'dlr• liter U ... U;olller•etobra.,. IH the la!rll ud ml.cbt7 '' "''U·>-"'u'[ eJ tloa road ia a. ,_a. jab . . . it u.a .........t w!U.k hauW a-. The eWW. wW liMp tabt oa . At t1to.e - aa p, .utllt al tloa Harta1 B.n. J'crr..t at C.ld 8priq til• woY-e ukod \0 ~ , pan . la Po . . . . . . . llld. . .y -.a rorlid"' oa tbo U.. kiowa wtr.at a M ._w IIIIa•• U h •rot ap ua Wid t.loo tntJo la. l"lpJ"d t.o tlte ..UU4lloL Ba w....W t-.4 oat tNt ba waa 110t Mia._.. t.loa eompa117 a11d aJao tloal M wu aot ...-orld111 f11r it aay -..... Tloat th- IIIMt;..,.. loa.-a been call· td. it proof that t.loe e.apuy It atnJd a.ometlolaal• dol.llrla tloe way of orpaWa&- Ont' ~~a• hu bee" tiac'aarj!:ed ' " u-p.....iai hi. opia.i.olla 011 u\a.loi&ID ud ne doobt ot\en , tllill folio,.., but ne•ert.loate. if t be '""ploy - of t hl• l umpaoy eJ<J>ed to approad1 anytlol111 lite ,lh-bf t.loey ..w1 laue t.o rt to- pollti;:J:;U~,•f;; :.;h:.:=t~o! =o~ an uked LD order that we may gauge \CU.ly and aecura.tely, ·~~ we ma.y .expect of them in the future, lhould the _fortunes of ~ti~ rut \Vlth the St.eel Tnm fP'ODP which stands behind R~ult m ~ strug,le \\1th their a.ncient enemiet,. the 81&nda.r~ Oil _group batkiDg W~son--:a 11\nlggle in which !he muten sit qwetly lD W!UI S&reet, while thetr paid 1peU-binden &te moved hither a nd thither, b iabops a.nd ~ and q\leens and knights, with the. comme;n ~otera lUI the pawns t n this national chea-p.me or contendin &' ctaPH.a.lists. t~t~f'r di· ' · :~:~:::~;:~::::~E::~~::;::":::: : ;::::":·::::~:·~::::·:::::::.:~:: ::~·;:;,~ I =:!.::" . I.e uuoted to gi•·~ lh~ l'<"nJol~ or 1h1f I'"' ··• (o< th~ !•<o•IUI'h uf th.-" JOIIII rvuatrY .,., hoant. r l<"aa ••h•"'""tta lal><or. It ,. d~ar. tlof'o, tbu tl~o•re cao tio.a' ti eiHted. •' w.,. 1o -~ lo.... otftt~ to ! 1.. "" loD.t..,o.Uuoj£ o/. U.aw aa\.J.&~au,. w lkl-1tJto mq, tllro-otllt l,)oA belt of akillapiritof un· tloa. - k i. . ene..p&e Men Behind the Progressive M ovement Are True to Natural Oass Instincts I l p&tk and tb.t e(llll!lll.ll~ I national "lo1~b ;,. a p11blie 11t ility a nd l "bollld t.. ownd eellaeti•elJ. lt \1 a ~b oa1ti ~!and&. =~:~;~"';;t::! ~.!; ::,u.::/~7;b~ we~- ~ ~~:~~r!!'"lr!:: ~~ai~·::a~~~· unfogg~ I li.-i.,l by Pr~v~~:~ ~f:: J::~.;.~ ~v~~ ~~o'!~~~ =r~~~~:~~~~~~~~~~~~!! labor in the put and their attitude t.oward l&bor m 1he.present, &lJ &loo1 t.loollu that ooly j roctl_y or IDditKt.ly l.bronlb th• lnter- . ~·~ :t-=f. ..:d::~:r==~~Ule~~~~ of ~· city &Dd enl'irona, in ..order th&& dou,bW may be cleared up, fiaa...._ ~~k~,.~::,i:..:"' ;~a:• ,";,::; i re~=:~ J>f-01'~ ean • ~ favor of great deal 1.1 dem&Dclecl bJ" \be 8ocialilta? U so, why lhould not Lhe Bec:ia1m. indcne . aoc.e~ make cert&in bia election by the .aid of their iD4onlmlmU , ud the one million or mOl"'& n t;et whicb: they an liblJ' to poll. aDd g-et by euY nagM. \be lhi.Dc& which t.hey deli.re? " 11 not. U. Progreuin P a.rty'e·]II.Miorm hued n~ 21 punks L&ken bodily from t.he 8ocii.lilt. Party.'l. pl&Uonnf . ••.• / ' U ~ Bocia1in &nd ProgrellivM boUI ~~few indUJtrial and few~ 111'-t~ _,-1 ta.= t.o be on tUM by tlo.o - , ud 1H4. rroa •...-1,- ·1 boMM. BaiJwaT ...,__. - . broq;ht to ;:~ : : : ' - : wt:=:--~"7 tbt ..-let.ltl.al awl be 4n• be of i.w.t. to tl!oe - • b7 - b U.. 0011dkio• trDtScr wlt!U A. Oooaa, Btltbe.....,., Bmlt.lo .r and eo•d...w.nua work· wortll. •• :~~i;i ~;:~~a~~~~i~:~~;~:~F~ I ~:~;·~::;::~ ~=t:uur~k~~::~:::l·',t.:l::: lta.-e .._a a.d1'"'-rtlaed It~ t ime oo... Don't trait .,_,.. ll&A4iq tllat all nert ruuau. .. do it ,_.,..lt. -.-Jd r - i . - . ou tbr011Jb ••aioo ...UI yw be 1 pe.yla_,....alo., ! boldyoorjolt. i rT ,\L IST C LASS. I bo•u•tl,. &n•l loouor•biJ, att,.mt•U to •ta~1b;a,1~:•oe;-th~:a;~!~ll•t\\~~:;,;r~\ ~~: i ::::; o1:~~~:~:~1$:~,.:o~l~l~~~ ~~: 1 '~ 1-,IU<t \" '' tb• oh]&l!l.a In hh or tbr ratllahat a.o a t tho U-l•""' ot tbo "'mkll>l£ cl..., da,..! \\bu arf- t he au•b or :b~ rap- j .,.looao "-'' aa,J da11 r~-. • •• aL.ot .. t.~ly north a.nd south. the bOtttll of labor ti re r aUytng to the s tand ard of the !S&ctalt11t p&rl\ Th111 ~to SoetiJlSll t he hour of o.pportu ntty, bu t t& !18i&o the hour of r e;pouatbLht• 11nd •lUI) Not one rna) fhnch or falter uow The fe\1 d a ) l t hat reman!. to 1111 lod ore tbe .,\fod lt)ll mu111 !,;. ' "'••• ~I&Q I The Pro!£•~.." ~ Put.- evatrllrJ to tloow ot tb~ c.aJ•>tallota •ta n!• Wi lly "l"'fl ~•t" tahot ••aa•latdl, 1 eo11uque nLIJ aa.-t h.ioK whoeb ~n I 1 <OJ....,. 6"1 ot all ' " If''" the otre.lttbd.U th ~oatrol ot tho np1taluot BY EOO.Ptl: V DBB& T r emendou1 cro"d' and bou ndlH~J• e!ltDUlllum mark the progr~ of the SoctHhMt l.'amplltl."ll a.nd \l f:ll I::.~~.~~::. • ·::;;;e:;.,;::;;::~·~~oon !;;::.,;~~.:~o~· ~o·~:,,;:.,t~:~ '"~~=: 0 11 '".: t he a. .... . .. workers a otl aroUIUng the nation. Z\o..- 1.1 the tt me to g:tve expri"UJOll to thl" aptrLt wuln11 1111: to l ron•i•t• '" buJU•« ~beat•IJ. ra .. "'"" • Piore .tuncu!t t ho lual o••·nbn•"" ot tnural~~ot"' moral enthu11ia11m into act ual a c hievem••Dt. N ow ill the hour t o tum loose llll our p-en t -up l t~r.!J'IA wbic ~ are th~ proo.lo"u or 1 tbat dunu aull t i&Q " bieb 1• , 0,.. topff'r\'Or and make it eount in t u t.ltanual rfl"Oita to the Soeiali.t party. hrm~•• an,Y 111iou1. labor. IIFbiclo io pliog 111 1" fall Ours _ill to aotwd th~ cla~on. c ry t o tht _r el'Glntion _a_nd to Ar OII!lt' l~h! worke rs of tlw n11110n ;_ours thf' t·•o·lo~~ ot inol~atr••l "'orlort"l, aa.t Tb.. • ork iag clau cao only ,,..,. it· t o l•r oc laUll th~ llt>Cd of sohdarl\y, econom te ~d poiH_IC!al. and to pou1 t t he way out of thf' onltl.-r- tran•J'<>rl&tool> . .,.h1~h •• t b,. produ'"t •~Jr 1,,. )Ointl• t ulelllng, tllrou~:h t h•m eha,_h~ :~~~ ~:re~ :~~::1~~~~ h:~I(U';a:l: ~ t~n b;h~!'::;:~~,;~r~~~~~~n::~n~:.r',~e ,~,:t;~;}: I nen:,: ~~~~~e 11!:;'ne;~~~t::e~;:::Je;!e!~n~l~h~n~:,':tt!~::m~i•ery. . ;~;.";:;':;r,:r;;,:..~"';; ::: ~::'::11n1J>O"•~ :::e,:h~;:··.~~~~~~d. ~~= !;":~~"~:•In:: th ese Rt111 ,.·1lrl "eo11s or t ilt' 1 ~:o~i~!~~~~~~;h~:~rfJ:::.:y:i:~~:t~~~~~:~r:r~~:::~r!:i2~~f~:~~~~:~::~::~~~~rotlu·r~ 'tut nr l.et bill ~atb of Ul UltUUre up t o his f u U 11\& tn r l.l in t hi. hour of battle, It$ e11c h Cl'riK m ly will -,;ho it worthy to bear the badge or So~iali.aun and to hold ' p la ce tn the ranks of OUt: giOr iOII.!I ulO\"e- menl. ha il. ye toil~ ho1t8 o f Jnd ust r illl Aml"rica! The hou r hall COUll' for ~·ou to Cf'&At' h~ing di\'ided anrl to. unite your ,11eatte r ed forces. There ia no royal road t o fr~cm. \" ou nnu1t fight togeth~r and ";n for all if you are t o win at a ll. . All thef:,~t~~~~'!:~~~:~wbilTI:!::e::~Y~~~~h:rr~!!,;::~·in1:efn~~et':~~ ~~d (';:;~~!o~~:~i~"~ ~h! =~t :~k~~~:~ ;:~~d=~~Y:onqut-r :~~~~~:·::~· "; e;a: : · : .. ·~·~!;;~:.·~;;,~~·~. :~;a:b~"::~:,:~~~~ • r• ..... ;., th.. baalt. ,..hi~b • •II enen11raj!:e and aaoriJt the Ja ord1r t.o aadontand anJ mo• e· rat•ttalill ct. . ia accompllabia& iU men It l 1 n...:_,,. 6nt to .,q,\entand buy ~btaply !door. ,.,.. ma· "'too orgaa1wd that O..OYecti<'Ut, ..-ba tr..,.J!Ort.ation, aad to ..u olt.apoa iU ebaraet..er, "'loo p&JI ita run· 1b1.1 joint produ..d at th lo.igloeat poot· ni"IO nl"'• Mt, aad wbo dom1natet ita tible prka. l polic.lea. J•U t J - I O r~nolo a ad Great Mass of the Bull Moose Voters Are Honest, Well-Intentioned Oti.uns .o2ids:en!J.i:! t he ·w,.rld :. Ml1111ding upon 1h111 r ock Wf"' fan a n nihilate ~apitalb:ra. wipe o ut. wege-alave ry. emlLJle.ipate the toilmg ntas~. arul m art"!' t r iurnphanl· In tbc Hull J.t ......, 11arty, ,..8 ft 11d I \hi< rnn k• or I he P r01 ,.,..; .. ~ party coaly into the ~ialilt Repu~lie, - - · tb re.~ .,.1,arale 11roopa or tyJ'"- Firol, I •i•t o l tb., cunnllli: manlt•oll>lor• t.cb 1nd ~ ·~ 6a!l thr elttemely large d••• .. bo tb .. ~~e~nea. t be ntea .. bo L.·luol!' to t.M ' DEBS ' ~T THE A¥SEN~ ~TOBER '22 !!:~~~ :==~ <ktoher !!. Tile w-.u 1 :::oll~fl!::·~~~:b~~ei;~~~;:,~::~ ;:,~ ;:::lr!~.~~0"'~:·r~ru~~- ~::,,:::.:!~ • ·!:;e~/:0~o!:~ ~~~eb;:~~ '.;nr~oe~~: :.:,:7.~: ,:0~:: \~::;t•~i111obt~"":,e~ ;::.7.,;:'"~::.m;a~~~~ f.:~::-n•:::: · ~:~: o~ ::\.:~ ~~0~,:~:11:~a:.:~! He wnl •rnk at bll Broad_ ,. /li'..... , J"'Br into the ;treat A....,11al, th• big· ~~011£ thDn tb~ ¥rrlt,..t wu•l•l'o cloa• · l•borcro. It & •ro.-idn, Jl<!rbar-, nine . Trott, .,.bid! l orcea ito ,..om~ 11 '"'" Dll to !11,000 peepla. · ,..t hoilding hi" ~- York 'St.att. tunt,.llip uow•l. "'""'"'"'! aloout Mad- telltb• ot tbl • etbg atrengtb ot thf' j ployM-. at A11bt:Lr11 to work loa11 boon __ U .row IDiM tb.it ¥•~1 oot fiO'II_ria.« ot I Tbl! ~To•d will ~gia to o"&'a rtll 11110 ~..,., Squ..-.. O"•ln in :-.-.- l:ork. ti'J· IJuU llooe:e l'•rty-ad W aboolntely l at P and H per "&'Nk Ia oa,.~ ..,. tile worW. to prod~Lm l hf JM'lat.li>IN llull'alo for th bil ocuioa n T-..lay I '"'I Ia jl;et • cblln~e 10 hear t.ugea111 V . no fl<l-T lfl tkat rarty. \ "loopa: tbo 1y11d~a~ dej.*r..._.,, Comnd_w _o~ Loeal Bill· ot t -ir OW11 polit kkl party. y.. wiU afternoon, Octo~• !!1!, orpeeial uCII.. j o.ba. Th ..eond due to~ eonridn-ed tl.<ll'ft,<:Gntrolliaf iWlool'd•ofa....,.t«< ....;._,;;;._;______'";1~~·...~~~:~~:~ ~ 11 1 ne;: Ar.eroal . . tho to;;"!.,::q::: : Tb•. oueting on ne•· U.t\. "; J:iaa"« on o-.&bor ~ ~ eo&t..rlllllll ev~niac ~ Odab.r 2!.. Get 1_.. . , fork. W\IJ be the l"'atut potlt Jcal meet- tllo · old party =MkiDell u tloe lafPJ" Frank llllaHy, wWdo•&N faa& ~Yillf tltr"l lo t lte w.U DKao~ 15.. earl,. u Y" (aa, il ,.011 bope u. ,..c; a n e papen ara beutilll ot t.loo ~eat iar e.-er loelrl. in Wfll!tern ~e... York ia c~ abon-mettionod. F~~ the moot tloe •mall ,_,..bU. tM n-ab .t U, :r ••til --,.·wo4·fl:!: :;:..~:~~~~ t.lla Bll6alo 8Gdaliat. 11 .....r~~-..,~~ ••• trle.d .'- ~ to keF wt.cra M .:U. t.lo.a fa1r • l ::7\etoa:::;;.,~ ~:::., 'Dedonnwill~epo at7p.a, trowd-, buebaU 1"'1 -u, · · ~t>- "loo b Ye tti4'1! &ll bittory. . ::~ -:.,~~ :;.~~ j To~l·~ ~= ~b0°!,:.: :::l~e; t::y..=et:!~t~~ :~::::" .::~~ .,.~~~~~ ::~~':';"!,~~:::~~;·:,·!; ri"~·~:~a~-=~-= Dlln't •i» it. di4'..-t&ata. To, a ,.-eat u&ent, thy t11tio"' .,,. people M bu. auUtority tlou ()a """•latc. Ot-tober 111, tloe -'* ~ , _, w-ea '1 Cl11.~ ol Lo.._.l B11••lo rill claJ• 110 •peocla.l diD b tat.loo• ~ld a n.rd tout,. and d.:uou at F'raok· tlol proc....,. ol tl•e Aaal'- lie Uall, ~! " ' ut Eltlf\e ailed, t he ••tal - . till u-r ...W.. u4 CARD PARTY AI Dlfqu, 1:!;,wle"l.u.tiO'u '=~ '~ ~:=: o~"w!: !:~n~·:~, «;:!:..tt~~;:.i~ I!Wiln..t..Y u 1•P"I II I• it. ~t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ "w· <,;~.---• ~:;"!':t~:O ~~ 1. •i~t ·~t ol u.pltal do Ia tbhl raa~ptML Yet, tMy oM .,. DO\ ,-itaJl1 ~ld tlteir partlealar bluol· .,.,.i t.ate to pou oat aWiOAJ o! d...U.. n - iav..t_..ta. Thlr loi(l~'-1 W..l to earr1 oa lr.le - pa.lp.. ot tlr.e tuadiou of aonra-.. r· bo to '' Uor perfttlly foollalo ot tit-..'' tolkl; bot b"l•l . . wo taka ill-forbndljuartcra ot tloe. .pArty. " Jr.eep loutll ,otr." _._.t wltere tlte yo11 ..,., "te t.lr.al.r a -uoa fEOJD-.Jeba ~lf, tlol permane Gam•nt•rill be&Jtt at &.IS, d due- \ntuNt. Gf, prtoperty U.ept at naka. '"'' t~IIN. .Ell...... ..... ' "'Y aroaouy.,. .,..,. ~ libert7 of .._..tbl U. • ...,, ll111 of tar at 10.30. a-t priHir h..-e been Tk tll.lrc!; a.a4 doraiau.t U.., al· tu.J, or tlooy .,.. ,.-.t ~ .t wbeo ,Jolla it hnnltltt to Mftred ..,,J tltoo bi.t of 1D11rie. tl>oo:&b llle nullerl Ia llfllllben, witlr.illl &oooo'ralt. " ,_.ufll . . .,., aeuttlrd a •b~p ot Ananlot~!~S:~'::~rtt,. "' -'-""' M a ita'-a;:·~t~ ~~=~~~~~~~ .~·-~~!.~~!";~: :;::r.:~ ~on): s Pent on.~ooSevdt's Campaign Ule a!::• , of tlae Napoleo.. and .~.tJIUft U P~~~ :~! ~. ·:~:~ t o,.,.._ Qf t.lr.a bi( fa.1z to M ,t... , l'rit•d, yn Won't b£ Wasted, Even if Ticket is Beatm a.ra WTOIII Ia bot.lt 11111· ~bo au pou.ri. . la~ t.lte ~ &.bat '-~ .u Tlr• ~ .. -~~H~~~;~.: ~o:«:.~lal~ ~:~~ ae~:rtJ~:~:, ~=:t= '*ri,;~~t::a -:!na:•:TbMJ'-..!. ll -u. Ita••tloat-t.b.e eld ._._.t..;, ao -.... ~ r-t.e to lllllantl." aDd,... , aatural tbiac tor t"- \0 do If Q,u U ftD. •ut. be Ol Uta ...u.. are ...u.a t. raako vftt;. Tlr.~1 tUt la lt-..d.......~~~~~ .. ~·.. cov....., n~ ..a bt ~vocJ tro.a , u.- h a'lfWiotJ•'-ow.,-ot.alahle~ oJ•iU.",ttltooeoa•"l' .allputi" (!O"· bole •lt,......d.-41,-tw"aa Aa- wbe uplolt it . .~ troDed"bJ eapltatilta q ... ben ~ ~ 1110 loa..,. eo doabt t.loat Ito ltl ~ ollti...._ t i)UV•:. • S.bocrlba t~ U.. adala loc1aHft. ro ~·... .,plaat tU •f<ICI.Md ..orUno It],...-;,;..,,·."''""-• ol • •K tiM--- .,..u.-....... wiah tor~ tJr..u pfp • �T.H'£ a':r,.oRES~ WHE.Rt •aw t-K • 'r • I.,CIW PIHOE;8 -, : OIIICIIN_~TIE ~ , .f · lfAtf TO S!fft.Y Att Yo FAll All nm IllS .I" t, ., the entire business career of our ttores, W6 hav~: never entered upon a Fall Season so well prepafe~ as at t~s Ume. Our atoe~ are larger, ~·uer selected, . -supertbr tn quaUty, and positively correct In every detail of style. PriCe$ are abo unequaled. being far lower ~an you _!'Ill find In Main Street Stores wh~re rent 11: high. We trust you will visit our Stores, Inspect the It ill a 1ate a.er\.1011 that llloa peo pla • Truat nd Jlarve.t.et 'l'nut w.bo l'ro''"la Ua ..;,,.,., of wa r , tlla l t er<"o ta, and Ia tbe" c.uor••ll'• f.....,d, tor • politiu.J r-rtr, I ~"~:·t:b,7' will aubl,.b tbe c.barwtu ol . :ill not fu thllt ,.,.II rnn"• 111 i 11 dittaaat merchandise and compare our prices •'?th the prices of other stores, before purchasing. f Double Slesrlot A Fraley ·T radlns atam.,. - .equal to ll%dl•· oount - with every purohaM fl~>e ~unbreb $Ioree are now gtvtno our ltrablnll IDtantPt -. Bt ,,,.. you ..It for Sltgrlst & 'rr•ltf' Cr•dl•g Shl•ps - .- - S·I EGRIST & FRALEY 508-518 William ·st. . . 1018.-1028 Broadmay ZJiamontl3, fd.t.,.+n; anti J•-lry . 11· ~~~~~j~) ....... ..... ~ •lftdlltr Mt l ..-tllltJ'·~bl ,.....of e~ •W _,.. ,._ ..wtiiC&W. , 2ftf. Qenesee St. N.... s~ \ All sizes from 33 to 46. Ste p lively if you want onl! of theie fine c~ats . LH. RAKEa &00. 353 Main Street_ IIOQUOI!~•LJCI ---·--...... IATTISTOII BROS. lenltll WorD ~ ltln II hll IIIII-· ........ _......,. ' a..w~ ............ kl«<'lt. m.._JL �Eugene V. Debs Candidate f()r President GustaveA.Strebel Candidate for Lieut.Governor ,. ·. . '" . •·. AT,.·. · Broadway Aqnory ·~t~~sda~ ~wn.ing, Oct~b!r 22 �PU~YUitl.TftTD. /. BUFFAl.O ,~~~~ANY SlY.&pser..t,lldBoot BUPFALO,N. Y. T___, KAaT'IN Kal5UUt, .........,.. P1tA.Mt IDDtB!QIIt!llD, ~TTUTTHIU..,s-.-,. S~~-......... ! ~~52Y.LpStr.A. 3rdDoot- , BUP'PA£o."'N. Y. ~Plb'SUJO~yu.r,50c:llb.~p..,aw.'t;·~ ..-..~ ~ 1 1' omo. a$' b~ N le0004 -()IU. mattet> Juneli, l tl2, •• tM ~ BuffUo, Ne w Yorlr., llDClet the Ad of M.uch 8, lflt FOR PRESIDENT EUGENE V. DEBS. of Indiana FOR VlCE PRESIDENT EMIL SEIDEL. of Wisconsin WHO PAYS THE BILLS? Wll~.r ~~··,~-~~~n~·r~tiJ~lai~~-~~~~:t;~~~~ol3o·"·':.~·::c"~CC~.::;· SOLI II Soi "TII. wlu·ro· 11 hall hac! rr~ntrol · If tho· Ho•puhh••JUJ purty Wt•rl' willin,.:- to I workl l>l.' ··h•~~- why d ... ·~n·t it tw~tin r1~orlu lhlWf T tmt nu111 lr~~•·~ ''" vut~. who \"0\{'!; fo r what hr doe!N:I"t an•l L'";·t~ 11 ""mAn lo~•-!1 hi~ vote v.ho votes for his p rinciples. Th·· s ...·ml!.. t j>H r1 y •lne~ not l!.irn II\ II. bloody l"e\"Oilltion to Ull\1' utf 11. h loO>"I.•• rr,·olu t Jo n b)" doing peaceAbly t... do ru·. one w11.y or unother. propo~t-!1 mu~t uttunahol~ "\ I tlw l11>tl !l•·~sLOn of Congrel!R. 0\"er a billion doll an was vot<"' I ;.,~,,.;.;, for t lrt' e,;l""n"'' of tht- country; And not one nic kel of that will g• 1.0 roak .. lifo· e•11ier. plea11a1.1Ler or llappier f or the g reat ing d~IIS wlueh pruduccd_i_ta_II_.- - Tl1e •·aJ>itllli.~t Jlllpelll will tell ~·ou that the Socialiall a rt' prinLtr· prupcrt~· The •·tLpital i~t~ h1n-e &bolished printe f or the mnjgrity of 1111. 1'l1e Sot•ialiata a~ &gainlt pr.i \'ate in th,. mea us of life: a(,!aintt a nybody o-.,·ning your job again1t anybody owning your home but you: a.gainst 11. all nf the privutl' proJ*rt~·. \\'e say it 'll about time for the clau who product'd it all to get a little of tbe. 11rivate property. ~Q~AN'S EMANCIPATIQ.~ . WHY WORKERS HONOR DEBS Tlr,. s upcrfiei11l. who note the entbWiiMm with which Debe was Br ~ENE V. DEBS til .\o•\\" \" urk, 1\"h<:rc 40,000 people atormed ).ladison Square Had I at ~y tom!D&D.d t~e fabk!d l ferecl Ylla"l'em"'~ Gartl•·n tv h,.:tr hun ~p.·a.k: iu Phillu.lclphia, where 30.000 fought for a bopq or G~bnel, ~~~- blNt •• to Rill-· The 111 f~nwe tea~.* of tb• chum·,. to hc1o r bun. nuJ 111 Buffalo, where v rcpiU"ationll haYe been et.rtlt 1 m,n.A. dead. 011 r~· 1'•-•t •orld·w~de Ile.,olouo•_, . .d i t. riln•l•· h• ··nlll•lo· :!• 1.,,..~, 1,. !Jsten to hiru willllll\" thlll he i!l a g-re.11.t popular mono, I wnld be temptMtoglo.,..t 1110111 pot4tot !not ore for t . . wul ot h eru: ti\Jit S.><·ii!.ILifll> III t•ffeo:•t are' bero-\I:OnLhipenJ a.s weU all ·. OlympwL, ttotrll tllia bou ·~ ~ro- m1alliad, i• tb~ 111illiou apoa miUio~:~e f:~L':h.":I·ULIIIdl""l. T it..~· wilt !Ill)", ' ' Thill man l>e ilH b.aA nlany ' to aU the world tile e•e~oJ>II.hOIL ;!.;~:~= .,..~: be.::.;:;•";!~ ...,~o':':~ gre..t~d * ,. Th • .' "Ill ~~~.' "'"'· part!_,. )M;'('Rillll' they llr(: 1 u Pertit:ill.l. ~\7,·.i,~! .:;,.,;~·r:;~ ~·,;,ur~.\li~-:~~r1;i:. 1~t'~~~~·fi~h~nS:;~~~~~ or ~.... ,KJh<lli Kr•· IIlii h ..ro ""?nlhipt•~. The gene:al public . tiw ~. ' "h"'t I'"'"" '' •II fu rlll,h rnum· lu·ro-woMihlpt:l"ll 111 the 1 f:h~11 ;~~:••:·i•;[~;:~; 1:1~htl~· r!~o~tdw~ty Arl('nal, October 22. The P1~·So.;iahst l '11 tt.• tl.-l,ghtll to honor Detll! lor t .,..o reuons ; first of theae is the fact that be hill ne,·er failed tbe · m iu lltNggl('fl. If t ht-r(' be need of a martyr 10 · the caulle of the 1\·orkt-1'>1. lUI wall tht' cue v.-be.n be waa famoUII stru,.:-).'lt 11 f t!Jt- tH ilroad men in 1~, Debs dOl» t o off•·r up himlt"lf M !ht• vit,t im. I f th~·re 1,.. n~l llf s lu.ler to roWJe the ~~n~rlt:ing da.u diat~ action, 8.8 wa.~ 11,.. •·11s.. wh<'n Moyer , Haywood and were in danger of de~th 111 l he hands of tbe maaten1 of i... l!K/0. ~t. nc,·er te vorunzt'fl. He act. andt!!"'.\ot that Det. ie tlu· "nlr one who . il! !Hog to do thMe We l!bould tAke &ham... rm!,.,,.l. to III.V that tDa Soc:iali.wt ~~ ':~:,':r~. -~~~~~·;·~<>h;~:~:n:11~:u~:;.. ··~:: h\~ fP \'en th.. (lproOrtunit~·, and tht- world h!Jl rome ta 11ee in him ingdhll mtlitant. T h .. other r eason is tbt> fll<'t that exoe!. bim in ""'""fing l'o•u t bt' working e1. . ind ictment of the ela.w atld elAiifl rh11!1t'r.ge.. From bia lips t..lk burn mi.!" word~ of WorkiDK elaSii W"orldm." >"l.u.~ HOiid A.rit,· Snd d v:..lllluJw•n th11.t the~. His i.odrnuil.llbl., t·our-age of tlDilinckihJ I Tht' ..-or kmg- cl&HI ""-"es to ~ ill hirn When Dt·bt apoto~~ks bt~ the th" "l!f hu,nwn. tht· all..cunc,ue~ 191 .o r t o th .....·•r~<lu~t ofth,.world. J u Del-.. the the · ~ orkiug el~ seM itlell pe.n;ondied-and it il i ' bour .trikea, ht whidL tbe ·~•.dliH. o.r the •&" aJid I . ~ O!Me o..:IOt>k tb~ fettert Oun eeaau. . ..,.. t.ue u..mped aa4 eel aad etan-116 0.. IOUl tl.e 1011 .,• .,, a ......., • T" pol~i.cal opt:..,. •ho eroa ia· ::: =~ .,cr;::::, ~=· .:! ~~~~~:~ ';.',:;,';:: ;·tb~ ::.:,:•,:b;:;;a•1:~~ ;~~ :~".s:!:~:: . :-~o ~ ~t ~opo ;;-t •ulra.oe'i~eot. :;';:':~:! ;:.,:::;,. .. ae"rer klo,. ttL• ll>fl&ala.g ot . • 1 th~ po r ad •NJIOI'• blllty .ot . '.:.~~=~.:.::•:f ~:•,d::: :~ ~~~ .:;~b:o'":.:,...~;! · .. 1 •• the upward, 1 w:..;_:u .. ie r ... u!o.s 1 •;u: ::;,~pet o11 o re.te •t lwt lt.~ wodd ~ ae.ve• ~~"lf"IL. apo. the WOlD&~ lDUill,"elll eouocl~LiDr. ao4 d\toeoa•io~; •<;l/ t~ ml&tJty protilana of tt.d lltia eooditio11 ~ .-ill beume • put. of tloe menl.al Jlte baa bM:o ~.. or • • of • "•17 maa aad wooau, to tlo.t IP"fll'l Itt bu, 111 t 11rt, ..u'· aad: J)anii.Ue~t prttGt.! floe,_ t woaa o .6-lld. tlle ~ialistiL or th ·~rhl eo111e lbelr '"ten ho ruo!t' wit.b d 116rtt etle we ra~e Ue •••a of • o.e• et•mzatioa, .ud wele~e w011i&a'a emaar.ipatleo ... t.arbi~ of tile clad- 4aJ. •i• &II•- .. I � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-10-19 alternate Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-10-19 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n020_19121019alternate Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n020 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Alternate edition of 1912-10-19 paper Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d609b29ea8b97ba97bf722ee3b4f389c.pdf 03b007e489271f364c58ab4c16e41b9f PDF Text Text EUGENliV. DEBS at Broadway Azmcry TUESDAY, Oct. 22 A.· PROCLAMATION To ·the Worki.ng Class of -Buffalo Sopaliat .Gets Results ""-""·"llll'""'~'··"""''""! I Men Will e>rgaruu - Three Meetings Called Buffalo Hood~ Emplpyees. .,. · Throusb the e!forta ot t.lle Dulfalo The.e mHtinp ilor..iJt-.i ot t&lb s..c iaUat tbe oftldall oJ tbe lnt~rnl.· tbot ~.. Tall•• on ... bjeo:ll ~~:~;:! ~~~.::<!~~~~~ bet:~-;~::• tioua l Rai lway ba•·e beeP brou1bt to douo and Pellow Worken: ucb ~;;o~:;t~! Jle~!::n:rh~vee :r~:r::~~ ~!;«:~~!':b~~~~h· ,,..liu that .Oml!tblnJ 111111t he IH! ot llltere.t to tbe men by 1 to &llf'viate t.be cooditlo_n• uudor wbicb A. I.Aou•, llubbeny, Smith or minded men, who can be trusted t o give the country an honest, clean tb~:: !::"::i~~~~ r~~;~:~~"! ~:":::~ I ;::~ i:Y"~hb:t ~r~:. :~e:,~~~n: :~:: :'~ r : : d e d b y the' tbe moton neo .,.d coodu~ton are worlr. . ..n tb. 1a11• The.e oftlrlat. were 'l'ery muc h i11ter· if elected? not Theodor e RoO&evelt in favor ot a gTeat deal t hat is adtninl.lt.ra.t.ion .. 11 I Juty from •rly ~otoi~g uotiL J,.te at th... .Li... ~uwn. t.u: wb.,thrr th<'y wiLl ni,;bt. Tllf' time 11 opl1t 0 1, ~o that no hne the nf'n .. to hrue the wrath of aiLowauee ;, ma de for ret"rn tion or the hiJCb 11ntl miahty l.uryer ·llfeflidut one million or mONl votes whtch t hey are euy stages, thl!l things w h ich they desire ? · P arty's platform baaed upon 21 planla ~~::::~~ ;;t·~r:t au:.;:":~a~i~~~ .~.~~ I ~!u'h:L:•·:. ~~~g'::.;::uon~~h~~:.~ a::C~~~~~~~b~~:~~~J i• fid<:J~t lo keel> a u1an La food •n•l eioth· t "'h•rb hunt• tbrm. The Boll'alo So· ing. j t'llliot will 11 ~"1' t&bo 0 " tbe.m. Tl>e Dutralo Sotiallot bao ~<h'io.l!•! t h At tb..,.. ..,...,,; ...,., wbieh wore hfll•l men ' to orf(aniz.e at ia otbu ritic•, t a t thr ll rrtrl lkrn, t'or" t Barn an•l where it bu ~" obown thu h111hor 1u t:ulol Sttrinl, the mu w<'ra uked to waffi', )..,tte r ~ondition• anJ ahort.., tak .. i'&r\ in thf! di-.,u..iou, but a ny boun 11 t M re.ult. ' l "'a" working on u., n..., kao.... wbot for industrial IUid do they not join handJ?" in moat cues thea& questions are as.ked by wen. inl.elligent workingmen, the S ocialist P a rty deems it t.hil proclamation, addressed to the working cla.ss environ~, in or der that doubts may be cleared up, bare, and that the truth may stand forth, unfogged t rick ery and free fro m impassioned rhetoric. w:rtk~:: ~~·~-:k;:•;l~bi~:o~e :t:~ r:; :,.H::d~~::~~~~~~e ,;:ti'~h:::.~~ ~: ~= ~du:: t~~~=~o! ~v:nt~~:: i!ito'!~~~ in thl• rfgt. rd, it 11 al~<~ • tar.t i 11hratlun. H ~ w-ou ld ftnd out that that the hternat\ont.l Ia lot.tif'd dow11 b" .,.._. not nu•nin¥ the n111p&by nd with a ll ltln<b ot aod opoltenL abo that h wu uot .working for it · Th•..., m ..n are the low"t kind ot euro. &llr Jo.,,-er. n.... work with the oth~n ond in· That til,.... nll!<eting. 11.,.• been eall· ··~iile their ff!llow workf'ro into argu· ,.,J La proot tllat tb"~ r oJrJpany 1•. afraid ~nrnh uti lt,.·i!AI them tu uloono iu aometbiulol' io doit1g Ia the of or· order to get thrir opi11ion1 in relo(&rd gani.r.ing. Ont man baa to laloor union• then turn o•·.. r th@ ;,.. for ... p.-rnJC hia opinion• f<>rmation to th~ romJ>an;r. an•l no •loulot ott..... will facts, concerning the Pr~live P arty IUid wit h especi&l reference to their relationahips with past a.nd their attitud e toward labor in the prese nt., in we may gauge truly and accurately, w~_t we may .expect the f uture abould the fonunes of politics r e!t wttb the whidb stands behind Roosevelt ill this struggle with the Standard O il group b ackin g Wilson- a sit quietly in Wall Street, while t~eir hither and thither , bishops and kingi with t.he common \0\ers as the p awns in 1 punk ,,,;e. oh~:n~~~:..~;·::"~~:~~~~~::t;;"l:t~o~:~~:~ ;;:;::_; 1r,~ 1 :. 1 '~; •t·l'roa~h ~ ..,...,nr~rru~. lh m.. om~..•• in thrir .. r. f.• i··• chess-game of contending capito.liJts. M en Behind the ll•..y will b . .... to ~:·,.•; ',: ..ke;~;,;~o::.;h~h::" ;~a:~-~~;~~;!~·-~~::~ 1•...,1 .1~ ....~ a .,, '"~ ~ 1 , n f ro••ult o.ll t.IOIIJ.: thl' lin~ that oul~·t <·~· t l.'' <>r ;,,],.,...t]y tilrou~ b th~ , ,..,,to tl1e •t•arlt aod th<' ~omf•anr ! natlnnal .,hirh I• a 11ublir I : a•n io •hown t,,. th~ to~t thl\t r,.,.,•ntly "'' ~. ~r<J ~~ .. r·ut.ho au!f~ro, •• a:; 1111 k 111 ~ •II•'IDJ•I• ,v,. a : tf'n•h"ft h .., , •• 1 ,.! "' u ~ woul•l ~ ~ r""'r"~ ~on•pr<>ootloll. •lu :"" •· <""' rn••n, t"" . • v .. U ...,,.., . BY EttGENB V. DEB&. Tro·lllt'Utiuull c ru. \\"tb wa• a ~ ... ·~""' :\IJ"" I'ran •t•nh .tll.. 1 r L hJ,..1 1 lt ,. ,],..,, th··n thMt .-Jl'< t l•l•' l .,~,~l,.,',~;·•;/,h':1 ~-n;:::~ll•t\~~~::. ;·~\'~:: :•;•~::·: ::~·;~~::··;~;~;,:: 1~:":'1 ,~~.~~: 1 011 ~:~·~~~ l< h1 .•our jol>. """or . I<:>• •l .1f"f<ll;.!' Tbo• , , ... t. ,.f TO T IH: 1-'TA:\'H.\ UD:. UF THI: f'AI' Tli~ro·r"oto•, .t th·· l'ro;.!'r""~"'' l'a.rt~· ITAL I!OT 1 ·t.,\~. j hono•8 1ly nn<l bllnonlol~·. an.•nlt•ll to u 11 I.., ....... - n,b~h .. "'"""--~==- ~ ~-=:..-_,_= . f\IDUfNT wnollms IJIIIU'I unJ\LR .,,.;,,,.. n•··· ·!•. .... o( lb< nutb I uuiun • ·ill yoa b<' ol>l" 1 ll•·l . '"" II<Hii.t!!;.!' d:.•• ~ 1 ,.1 ~"'·' ;~~~~·:::::::.l;··~~~·~·,~~.t lrl::.h I::~;:;,.",~::• ;~•,•: ;.l:·;>:•··,,:;·•,h~·'''l r~~:~~~~ .•"~,~··:,,::,•;·l J•~~~:~ :_:,:,:l:•;,:;.,a~{,...'~,'•.',~~',·,:~~..'_,~:,~.·,·.' ·, :~8.:•:..,'.:;,~:.~,·:>~>•>: ,·:,.~,-~,:. :_.:,.','.':.~· ,',"..::,,:,:,,:..'.','",: .:_·~..~~~,..',':~'r,·,~.:~·.·:,· :•:11_:~~"1~;: ~ v•.. .,. 1hmu~o:b t.~k ·.,:,: :·,·.".'.I~Oo~•eO :,:_, ',:,.,:·,·~ ·,.·, ' :.~.·.,:,·,·,·:::.,:',','~,:011 ; .·:~.:, ',:_,',',,"'.",,.:",". •>- "",.,"_:~..~noohOI. ;o Progr~ssive Movement Are True to Natural Class Instincts :-,',,.,., tho•u, all' tb<"••· ,.,,., "h" '""' "'"''' th·· ,,.,.• 11,•.t · ·::,....t· · ,, . <>! •. ~··;~·~~ h::: :.~::·,~on~:·.. h::;LL!>rtu 111 ' ~~::~:~n;·.:•.::~:l ;;ll:;i;;;l~· 1 , ,.. nllie.al• Socialis:~ta~ ~ ~!t::u~ nt~~ ~'d s:;~h~ nU<I Hlld • L.oEtdl ' e uthusilirni .umrk tlw Jlro••ro·Hs of tile n" · tho- ,],j,••· h 1n Sot·i~tli~t 1-:K>'I \'liiUI"' Ili!!n. .~~~·~!. ~~lo1~1t~~~·~ 1 ::,1~1l:j1 ,~hh ~~~~of o:p::o~~~~~i~;.. r::::tt:~i;~tl~1t' 1 ~::'~~~:~: 0~f : ..~~~~8<;~:~~\~~· ~~~;,?;luty . I... .' ' nr.• o! th.· ••l'itnh•t , 11 .. lll.. "··I· '" \\' h I .. iot~l'"' •·I•~•' Tho• thr vf 1'"'11'~"""··· ~• th•· rtJ••'""~ of the workiu11 rlau, ah•oluto•lv .. "···b . . tl.n'l ·luir"~ .~··· ..·bo• rllj•· routu.r~· to l'nrty . t ho•" of th" ""t••ta\1ot•. ~~t\iS:~OCI~tALIS~TS;,W.I~L0l ~~ ~~~~~\ii~i1J~t~~Jti{~~~~~:~ !l .~";l!:'·,.i:~·l.;":·! ;"·li :·l" ;.:,·.:,~!. ·\.~ -·. i.;: ,_.f ~. t~~~ a.~~li HOlD BIG t<> ';.; boun the reootriction of on·r· t ~ a lti r it a role t ~at no "'ore t:o h:u.. f\I(rt.. ohall br "II'O rkeol on ony oot~ day. Thry h..-r r ...... h·N an odraace ot !0 J>er <"ell! a ool will be • t~an, 8 r:: 111d Do work to be doao oa Au~day.. bold a Fair aad l.:briotmu bt.Eaar beT hoey will be paid for two holidaJll ia ll.'ianiog 00 J>eumbn 9 aad eoatiaaLna t he yMr. Taki11g it altorether n d th..,ugb tlte week 1111t it De-cember 1~. ::::~a~imo."'t :~:..;;;::.., the stn rl ci!ll ni~ht J!H>~I. :.i.:_ ...·::..• . lllt'L~ur~· ~~~ <.: .· rtninl~· IIICIJL .. ..j_:,:..:.:::·,(_ •.·.·.•... .._:... li~ht or the 11ge'fl they h un! come at last in10 tho· of d 11y. FTO!ll no·.•• ou tlw wily is elcar. th l' hitb un·dull.:uble. Klld tht· \' if'lury •·•·rtn m . Lt·t but CllCh of us up t o h i!! full fltatl:ro· in t his hour of lulltlo·. <'ll<'ll will who i>t worthy to hcnr t hi! badge. of Soci11li1Wl a m i to hold 11 plrH·•• 111 t he rauks of our dori,m!l JIW\'t'· ¥ u v "' I··a;oual1 ,.hh·h will ~·11·outl)le an•l ._.,.t tb~ ~ •t rln• ; lle<"ornJ•II~hrnl{ 1 1~ ln Ot•\Pr to unoler.tlln<l auy mo•·.,. 11 111 e 11 t it ;, , ,,.,e..ary tlr11 to Ull•l•ntarhl !''"J•o•-...to huy ~huply labor. raw rna· who or~ani•e•l thll mon•ntrllt. ,..;,o ~:;~:~~; fa~~" ~~~o;7;."11~U:"'~~i::p~: .~~; dil'il~;~l ~~~~~~.t~·~~~;~i,~i~·~u~0=t~(~r~3 1~1!~~=·l ~~~:;•·i.~' noT~·~)'!'t~~a~:~~~o 7/~~~cd:.~.~ y\-~11 1 ~n~~:;'"figl1t1~i:~ :;,~:"'j0 ;~1 ~'\,;~~::.:>0~Iatti::· h~:~..:t0 ~=~ ~ :~:~nu1;,:u:~,.:~~~·· :U~o .:~a~::..!~:.";;~ g f't.ltt:r onrl will for 1111 if .\'011 flf'f' to wi n Ill all : • iloh· l' fiCt'. l ..et tht· de11d p11.-1 hu rv it11 detHI. The thf'orill t'l 11111.\' theorit•· nu,J th ... tlogmn t ists tiOJ!tOA! ito•, ]1111 th~ militnnt m illiomr •rill 'hn:ak l!.lrlly from 111! n·&truining intlut> n•·"s nnll get together n ow on tlw ~:..m'e"a~ 11~ ~11!u;:01110h-:..; ·...::;~i ~.~.~ !:;:~,;'~.,1~ 0~~1'<'::t~11~~:; 1t0liJ~~:~i:~ ::;~o~st;~~~ ~:~1k 1 ~~~~~~ ;:~:d:~:?;on•rn•·r tlw w .. rt•l : ~Iundin~ otrike. \ CARD PARTY AND DANCE Oo Saturday ln'eDiDI[. O<:tol»f't 19, tbr tb:~~~:~~ot~.~:~:·iooo have bepa to ~~~ui1i11:!1~~te ~:~~~~u~e;~g~c~t I::~·.:: ~~:;·,? :.~:·::· ;;-::::~: 1 1\'IIKl'-Alllvf'r,\'. t'ml!.ncipl!.l r th·· tq•o n that ro.·k """ •·n•1 toiliu~ liii!Mt·s. nud 11111rdt t rim.,plt u n t . ' - t h!,'.:. Are ~::.ar~:·;l .:~~:::· 0~";_~-~·~.."'"~,i~:;~ :~:~ :;."~:~ ~~~~:~~~~r~~::.~;:t!:.'::b~i:~- 2Z --- : : ":·: .,.: :. ::~~::. ·::,;·:.:.;·.: : ::::::·::;,;;·· :::.·~·:.: :.: ::;~·:~:~.~~; DEBS AT THE ARSENAL OCTOBER - h~r nt mo~t t o make Ul.a tair a big •oe· l poliric•. Great M ass of the Bull Moose Voters Honest, Well-Intentioned Otizens 1 "bo!h h 01,. •I 111 tbe Lr 1111~11tron~ Th18 1 Tru•t "h1~b work• ou NnpL.,1rn Sf ~7:~R~~~:~£~i~~%f~ :~~~;~~~~~i1~~;j·:~i;f;[i~{?~~l ~f~~l~·~~~~~ ~~Ig@~ nlly ur11:fl<l to atttnd th111 all'arr. a nd :"'<>. 3H:!f , a 11<1 the 1 g&t &~qual at.,.! with tbto new ~omradea, c• llecl for. "" '''" ,, ;" "' """'" "' • n. w""'" c=~·'" ... to m~t in opea •lebatro, tile cblm· Tbt aowol ..-111 beJ!'" to ...arOI 11110 l>eba, ot tht WoriiLP~o~: L,aq in politie., j BDI!alo fur the big onaion on Tu"'''"' ' Th •:· I h ""'· who are a• ••~k or th• .. sa~t ton• of h1can otOrML undtr tbe dire.:t io 11 of tb., olol I"'''' m•chio.,. aa tbe lart:er t'raok ll unaey, wbir b a re h11 dri••lng . ::~"~0:i~f.~;:;;2:f~;! [{i~S::.:::~:~:';::.!?:~::~~; i::~ ~:;;:~:,::~~;~:~l:~~~~::~"7:::. i~};,~~~~::;y;if~~=~~:::::?.:·;~i ~:.:;:?.:~::~~~·:~~:~~~;g5~~~ j WILL TEDDY TACKLE DEBS? llLIA D. ·PRATT AT KINGSTON HAll Drane• !, 8oeialitt Party, I an open ah a t t•e A11tfi11, Graat What promlaM t o ba a nry iotei· Monday 11\'ai"', Ortobar NtiDg IDHt iag will ta.h ploce a t Klrra· opeabr wUI be Sa• A. ClaJ"k of . ~:~: ~:,:' !::, r;a·:~.;' ~;:; ::..~ ~~:!~7, ·~~~~-~ O<:tober eo, at ll o'd oelt, a.odu tM • Jllc... of Bt&lltb .1, Socia.liiot Party. :Wi• Julia D. l"ratt, a teae•n · at mapual t rainiag, baa rtroaai.ediotpeak oa that o..u,loll i11 defeaoe of the R-e~·elt h rty. :!di,. Pratt li kllowa • • • tpeaker !'t no mup ability a~aoatr tbe Bull :Yoote" t.ad a t tke reeeDt de· =:tt Will '• Hall oa Aatlrr .tHat. rad..., (altf' . .t tee, ud do aGt; tall be preoaut. · . OPBX..&.m MZftiiiO, D..UIOB ~tn Atlti11.1011 will ·~II a t . O.e ae r Jed'e t10n aad Lantlon ltreeto day, OCt. 19tlt. 8 p. m. Ul&t The followini telegram bu been MDt by L<Y.:aJ. B1111'alo to Theodore Roa&evelt. he receives it, the l.el.,nm wu condrmed b y registered latter. A ft.na1 annrer h aa"llot 1d been received at t he hour of g oing to pnaa : To make .. •ttt• imagine thot tb.,i r illterf11U are io ha;moay with lbe intuHta of tu~ h great or11anlutiou of capilal a. do I not •·!ta lly atreet tbeir partieuiu bu~i· nr•• ln' """tmePta. The ir hif(hf'llt itlt't.l ot the fullctioot of governme11t it to ''k~•l• baado otr,••- u epl wbere t he interutaof ptOI>f!rtyare atot&kt. Tbto O.ird, and •lomi11a11t dUA, a l· thongbtbetmaiiHtia a umt....., witbin no•nriai ge11iua. Tbfly kPow p.-tf...,th wt!l that Rooeevalt will Dot b.. ,.,.,..t~ in t~i• n mraiga.. Vet , th<"y .\o not hHitate to roor nut ~ailliou of Jolla"' to nrry on h io Ulll~ii!D. ''liow perreetly f oollail of the,.,•• y on n r. '' to wuta tbcir moMy o• • loltnu.e. Eitbertbt'l' &te\'fr1' 1nltte!ul, or they a re p~at a .l.i""'"' 'ot R - •·e lt. ' ' �I THE 8T..._O R . . WHit!' IE Ll)~ I":flO IE! OJt'fl' QYJO·'·flf···~I . n . . . .. t.M enttre··busl~ ~r of our·~ we have never enta* upon a Fall Season 10 well ):nJIOI'Od ~ ~~ U~. Our aiocb ar11 larier, beuer se~cted, aupertor In qua)lty, and "poaltlyely·C>rrect In oveey detail of ' atyfe. P~ces are also unequaled. being far l ower than YC>tf wtl~ fin~ tn M~n Street . Stor~s • wher8 rent b !!lis It •• a ..t f' a ..r rtloa tbat tba peopl.o , Truat a nll llarre.ler Tnut wbo pro•·iol<' thf' siuewo of ......, , tba trreo~. and ia tlla ' r:an•t"''!o:" fu oolo fo r a po lltlt al t•rty, tbt party, we willaol tar ...til ,..uol.liab ' tbr r hraet e r of that ::;n;:,;::'.:"illd.ictmut blgh. We trust ypu· will vtslt our Stores, Inspect tl;le merchandise and compare our price! with th~ prtcet pa rt~· . .-lo-<:1 ita t t.rll!iolatco, .,.rite lt1 jfteuh·e l"arty , jwot u an J•latfo n n anol d k talt Ita j'<lli<'iH. t:>! lloo" •·elt would meaa aa hiJorM· of·other stOres, before purchasing. ~ble lleJVIat a Fraley Tradlna etam.,_ - equal to•II%dleoount :-- with ·~•ry pu_rohue . .~:~~,:;;,~~::,~~~~~-:;;~,:;~~:.;.:;.::~~·~;~~~H~..:.-~ ...Jrtve bunllreb ll>tores are nciw ot'lllno our ltrabtnil litampe - - .S. ftrr ,..• . .It for Sltgrl$1 of '1plt9 Crldlllf $~~,. - -· SIEGRIST& FRALE~ 608,618 William St. • . 1018·1028 Broadmag 11 ~-~~,~~,~ I """ J,_,,, . ·.~ . ( ~~~~~t) ............. ........ ...... lf¥twell11·eltb&,_,.al~~ •111-.,..~~ ·-- 287 · Geneaee St. OM ..Hard C:arn~d Jfmerit:an ZJol/ar. f/ . -· Jlr~ . 'ltlorlll dauing ~\::".:'.:''!~o;;·;: ::t:~.!:; ~i:'~!.::..-:a~;:·.~~.~='~:~~= ' ' 'hurd" " lh d'' '"'" ,..hh bf!U 'J'rf!utalaod ruaaha1feapauau . • !~l~'h.-.;"d11 ~a:r'~ :~ot~';:,..~~17.a~l::s"ft, 1.~~ f~~f,\:!~1~ 1 1' 11"' B. KADETSKY TAILORINQ 00. Coulund I I"'n E xc: honw:e i-tevator to 5 th ~87 W.o•h1nKton Sti-eet CHIROPRACTIC (K!-RO-PRAC-T!K) LIFE and HEALTH u r mau ·h·r~·~~·l• lll>t>lt , ,,.. t ra11111i,..ion of lite :~~~d~ ::~~. .:;"';~!:~·~~~~:~~~·· ~::.~"·:;!·~~~..~·:·: . ~;:::;·\~::"~::.::"'.,~~:~" ::!~~·~ :.: ''7,!:~ .,h,·rr tho·.• 1..,•• tl!rc.~ljlh lb.- foranliiLII (on1~ll lt - , ot the p..yful Afrir.., •·ol n r aDd a imiag it atraig bt u dron·• , ab.:llat.ol,r withoi.U ]>nl'ioknt D L, ... drew a big Colt a"' tlle11m t iling to head at t be' •· Jwro,'' fore~! t:a:~ abj..r1 •f'Ok>IIY t o the remember t ke- oeu~ion, t•• in of i-..t8.11t dNtb. If h<lrH'h•ell ill' the r•..k at •·alt had bt.-e11 tht"illtrep l!l ' ' II YOIIII! ...-omno 'l"bo WU he flai .... t O be ill bia t loo rot~rll. ''""'d 10 I'•~• of the 8.1" 1 TruR'• K in).! T ht"G-foie, anti bow plao:e ..-OGitl probabl.'!' h_:r tllia u hibltion •IM!aait..lea.Hagwbjett. "'oa tl•r•arl oflhr &nnKI. f or t h r:aake •• ·::;li::: ~~~cr~C,:",iol~~~ :~~~~:,:::.:.~:;~ ..,fl '''"' :~j~~~,:· ::u';:..:r;·;.:~ ~:~,~ :~:~r..~'~~:~.;!:~~ of the •tory bn t.:IIIIIO I'IIACTOk loo·•t"" ""'' adjutt• thH• !'Ubluntr l ,·.,rtrh,..f ud II"' ...,,...... being DO lonlt"r 1o.i~hr.l. l nllal~ ( Xallln') in t iM> !.rain •• r~U~bW..I \II ..,.,,l lhr nrr.-...r_.-1111!•111...,. to ~tort fumtion a nti bo>IOit b a od'"'"'"'""ll 'li......e('<ta•lit ion._ W• do not tru.t E!l'ect.a, en- 11M MMl clDa, I IU"JIIZ'J', O.t.topat.Q, M.uul' llla,pleUc lhali114. luq-.tlTB ftU"IJ"!V.tla,. C1lriaU&c 8dmct c:.T ....;, 111o.Uod. aM4 by ot).~~n u~t \he Clhinpnctor, •ho u - bia hanot. •ual_.- t o lont r a n•l a .iju•t •uhhullt ion. • ll••t • "tl!ie•l nad.'!'iO"hl to t'\..ur..r t ir -.ritiiNt aor of knitr. b'I'..UI&\41 aad !tam tlle UIIM of 71111:r 4laue., tt ..W. ~ l'OO cotbl.n& f er ap:nal ~ of ,.-wr UN. F. 0. HANSON, D. C. CHIROP~GTOR Sdl J>llo.N.. Turr-r 3019 Ul WEST UTICA STRE!T BUFFALO.. NEW YORK becootae JOO"er . .,, m nt,. -.ritb tile h«a~ h .,., pri~ted ma:r be -.ld to Iii•·• prlnei!olea. ~;:~....';"'"::;:,..':=-":t"";'·;...;;•;...,:T~~·:.:;;~~lR·oo•~e~<lt's h uoa t br l•u•" '" 100mr pan ur ,,.,,,. l.;.>.l y " "loic-h \......,n.,.do,......,l u • l'WUII. J"b tbattbe girlwat t lonof ..,ieatial tU"aaturl"bkin,''tn of a h - ti"4 boncauM t b ..ir .lewri]~ of the ha bita .G~tl!' a~rH at rerUi a a nima l• p ..e t he lit' to bnltal t~I.Meal of bit of H\'tll 'a taW. of bia owa arraapd for aa iatnrlew u a '' m i,Khl,'l' ..ll!lh~r. '' \'t il, aad ano1Dp-.aied by bQ o! ld remam~r with horror, calleol . t t . . Wllite Rou.e. ' brought fro. Afrka of the lak l;r on eaten~ tile room whr• ·~~~~~~~~~~~=:ll~~~~~~;~~~i~g~~~~~~ ·We picked up 100 · fine double tex~ ture coats, both rain and storm proof. A regular fifteen dollar coat that we have put on sale a t just $10.50 Basement Mutual Lite Bid&. EntT&.noeon~StrMt Botfalo ACtot f~ al~=~~r:! ~~:~:~!:,·~~~~~ ud l'flriodkall. S. BRODY Olprs, ·Oiaarette. and Ru. .tan T . . . Bell Phone, liPwnd 1k-J. Yroader 3110. Su-t.. Cor. Pratt.,. 8~, H. Y. �I TlneW<>~Ier o f the Worlild ••• BRONOZONE ••• ... pod-- cdr.dloCI 0<1 TK_.,'i™ Dr. Brown•-., O.ntlat · wuu.,.....~..........._,•~ o..D..,......,o,..a........., 841li. Ho..·ard90 L. Conschafter . FUNERAL DIRECTOR William St., &Halo. N.Y. • Oppoltk P olk. ~Uoc. - Our Qlapley of llnion Label Suits and Ovmoats '1Dr Cbl• '1•11 I' Yery ComJrreheo•lm aad our prlce1 are lo• er l.haa NQa-(jnloa Good• .uld the•b~r•. .UNION HATS, t~HI.RT8,' Ek'. THE ENTERPRISE ''Euge.n e v. De.bs Candis{ate for ·President : Ou.staveA.S.trebel Candidate for L~ Governor .·.AT.·. Broadwa;r Armory tutsdap fiotning, QctDbtr 22 - ., .- . AIISSIIIII.251DJ$ . Dmll SOTS st·cms .# .# 0 8EOURE: YOUIJ noKETa NQW �FOR VJC!!. PRESIDENT EMIL SEIDEl, of Whcoasin WHO PAYS THE BILLS? Whocvt·r pnys tht> catup11ign fuml11 ~f a politic~t l party w ii l own that pnrty. hotly. hoots and brcl'l·lwll. llo ~·ou !!UjlJ•OHc thn t tht- MotJ.:IIIli'l. the Fricks . tht- Pc rkiuscs. Art·h hoi•IM, the \ 'nu(ler hilt•. tht! '(womhlys and othe r!\ Or the ir 1\rl' putt ill~ot" up hmuJI"\.>ilk of !bOtllllllllill o f doJht no; for ·tJtC 1111ke or in g you '"llot·inl and industriul j ustice! "' Th~· Sot•iulist p nr ty will lun •,. uotu• &winli11t Jlltrly i.~ fimm•·•••l. lh<' I'•'O{t.lt• who JliiY its I!K!IIJIII.iJ.:Il . Til E t '.-\:\11 ' ,\IG~ EXI'E~SES OF T ilE SOL , TilE :'tiE:\ IBEH:-) OF Tilt: \\'UHK t :'\G C LASS. I Slft·i&list j us: fl!l t horoug-hly oww ••l. t·ontroll~··l und IUKII8J;c<l hy I Ill )! d11ss 1111 the olh<·r thn·t· pnrtt<·s nrt· owned. I'Outrullt•d IIJ.:o••l lo.\' t h,• Cllj)itlllist t•ltL~'<. E v .. ry J•hu tk in the S1wiKii"t plnt!orm, 4)\'t·r~· 1 Soo•i11 Jist p11t\J. {'\"o·r~· nf'lil'il~· of lht• J'llrt,\' fts 1!. UOI•·t tll'tl hy tlw dlii'I!· Jlll,l"ing IIJCiliiWtll or tbll.t approxi~<~nl•·ly F.O.OOO in Jo:nod sttUtdi nJ.: at th<.> Tlw J>Oiitio·tnllli !'1111 t lllk about '"110cial uut il till'.\" nrc t.lu ek in the fnc~. \\' e worken; unT il w,. UO ,\ :"\1.1 TA.HE I T If t lw D••mo<·rntir pnrty nu:Hill to do an}1.hiug for tho• W i lY l>OES:"\"T TilE DE:'ti OCUATIC P ,\RT Y BEG T ~ 8 (11.11) :-;ol'TI I. whe r•· it ha;~ had control for I f th.· lt.·puhlio·a n pn rt y W<.> t t' willinJ.! to d o workin~: t:ltt"ll. w!ty "doo.-su ' t it begin r ight now f !s pow.. r. If Hfl<ls~· •·<•Jt wo·t•· ,:oi n~ t o liO llll~· thing for tiw workiug \Yhy tlitlu'! he do SOIIH't hiu~ oluring th .. l<l'\'l'll yellr s t hat he rullp01\"t•r f l ln l"l·l•'l th(·y fool t'd ~·nu n!wu t lon~ •·nollj.!"h ! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-10-19 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-10-19 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n020_19121019 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n020 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/0aa1b2c90a7e2c64e354ce3e82c9d705.pdf bfe1a589ef7f89eb1db0f0778abfdb09 PDF Text Text THE BUJII'AlO ICXIIi.UST IS OWNI!I> AND c.cJIIITROUED BY THE WORKING~. �p •·• J>lUol' o11e , of hi• lotP.,al talb 011 Set•tembn :! U h. t bl! lncltmeii(J' o!tbe weu ber latn - l a arrio·iag tbe II C>t l&~ hilt lll'&~ &jli 'I'IIC'i&t &d ..-~~~ b.,~ru bim. :\'oti4:'e tile dl l'l'ere~~ l:il pleue Sod ali•ru a nti 1 U.e 0 . 0 . v•,.. by Eug~ene V. D~b.s . ~elate far P~t ~ Gu.staveA.Strebel Candidate for Lieut. Governor .-. AT :·. Bro.adway Arnrory ·. Cutsda~ Evtning, 'o(tobtr zz ~- ~ IH8YED SEATS 58 ·coos AIMIISSIOII 25 COOS ~~ 81EOURE YOUR TIOKIET8 NOW Our Da.pttQ, of - Unl~n ubtl Suitt •nd Ootrt~•ts 'ror Cth '£•11 PI"-.,. lo.- tb.l. lfoa·Uaklo GooU ..W el,_bwa. UlfiOli RA.T8, 8HIBT8, &I.e. le .....,. O:ialpre:Mitll'l'tl !lad ov THE ENTERPRISE· . ,· 8930.n - 8 L - C..IMu - tDea~ r 1300 j .n.r.oft 8L H. AB'ELSON In Pur • and Milliner ~ Oft )"CCW rwt DOW aad M"' trom 10 W 10 per oeat. We~ do a.paarlq ao4 Kemockllal&&Ytt7low pricel. :asao..- atc~"· T..._,_..171t, J, J . Q'O'Unl' 25 COOS-Oil BIG IIOIMI Ml-25 IBIS The Cool ~· KaisemoJ" �' SUPPLEMENT TO BUFF-ALO SOCIALIST -'- OCTOBER 12th, 1912 . ..r ·-· ,, :. I • ·- _t;.· • EUGENE V. DEBS Socialist Candidate for President ===AT=== Broadway Arsenal T U E S D,A Y , EVE N I N G aE&>· C\ \ �Wb11 FOt«s 1re UpbolcHne the Totterinr :~.nd Ou twom System Which is so ROTTEN. AT THE <DRE ? 10HN W. SlAYTON Ueecrlbelwl!.h Oou.,.lnclogProof•th. PROPS TO CAPITAUSM .lod Sho. . 01earlylhat Tb... 'Propt' 3fuu Bow Diu W•J. You Can 'l 1UU11 UrwU-rff.Gnd &- dail.tm WUA~ J.l'lr ri UfWn· ftaJtd(fiil C4~ arid lh• Bourc. 0/ Captull,.•'• li'NrWU• strvggM fwCIHil(• uacl~.' Get t h\e Gr.t Booll. Ju.t ectC"iciM lO c:eota. S.y, · "SoiH 1111 PrOp. 1;0 Caph•Uem." , 4ddre. · aaauliOIIImiiiDI, milo . !OalliST. . - • �BUtrf'ALO II - .Gr.:v::l· :· . BRA.-.CH SEVEN ID~v~Jim@'if ~ IN -A .MiiCHJIIIE J'Yat.DHSD W'"llHLT BY TMK BUFFALO SOCIALIST PUBLISHING CPMPANY u-,-..., 51 Y. RarlaSttad,3rdn• ~DUt2.NJIRm.t>••~ STI!.J'HU..J. K.t.tiClfqY, . . . . . . Addt-.t521'1.~11 Street.lnl lbor BU!'I'ALO,N.Y. ~:Ja Pnc. $t.OO ~ year, 50r;D..-net.,.p.yablelnad•~ ~· En~ 11 leCOI>II-eiiM mauer Jaa• ll. JGJi, a\ the poat ofBce a& Bntralo, New \' ork, UDder the Aet; ol ll~b 8, 18'li I SATdRDAY, OCTOBER_12, J912 FOR GOVERNOR OiA!lLES EDW. RUSSELL POR VICE: PRESIDENT FOR UEt.n". GOVl!:RNOR EMIL SI!IDEL. ol W":="" GUSTAVE A STRI!BI!L We llue lwari..a ,rN.HS...I latel, · d.OIIIJ. mlldl aloor the ' llae ot Bllll "walt.cl oa b)' attt-baered IDI.l4a" ruur<~~r_.~:~~[ i!h:!u~le~l:~!r,?i~ee~~~~~r~-t~d~~/~f~~:n•:'Chin~~ :!';u.t.!:_::~~~~~~:;:.!~•:: :n~~ llo.~&•, either. !1110 bonda.'or Mr."'· R. Hearst'R Mexican alATe-pens, or Mr. HaYemerer 'l ''island pou.euion11.'' the WA r Depart u~ent At " 'uh.ingtoo hu iuued a eireul11r t o gonruon~ of ftli s t.at.eB urging • hat the oiJld ren of t h e public schools be t a ugh t the gcutlt' art of disembow~lliu!i human beings with l•ayo nets and r ipping fle-tih with lead. The ei rt.'\I!Ar h&& been !l~nl t o all gon•rno~ of 11t at<:& making the Delaware avuu lloiMlll t.o orpnh.e Bull ll~ ward br&JKII.-., etc- Tbtol11.a an under the imp:r-ioa that tbe "lllltlrlr.iftJ daa aeeth to be• lflllded aad ..,.e.t from doi•J u,-tloiag rub. Ia tb~ meutlme howu·er tile work· ::;~~~p~H!r~fle('x~~:~~e ~~~ tt~~=~~~!~~:~e~~~~i~~atio:C:"u~:=~t':t ~111 ~~:~~~r~~~ ?.~~:::~~o;;o;ft~:~~ n~~r;:t~,':u!~~~~ ~~;:t:;~~=:~;:i~~~!Dg them ~ ~itlle or~ul~nr : : r :... lf _the ho)'11..tlo not n11turKlly take to t hll use or guns. the>: ar~ to I~ '"Jil ltnlllllto•rl hy t~P 1Whool t rnchl'rH to flr Otll!l' the Rll\"&g~ mslt~t for IIIIIHgh l r r . ftlll_l pm:e~ _A rt• ~~ h(' offered for murk~man&hll~· It 18 Tbe above plctol"'l "' how • 8aclllllet bnndl le orpnlud.. Tile IJUrH Ia tile fi'OUp .ant t.be cll.arter ~111b6n of Braoelo i , Sod alilt poarty of Local Bn!'alo.. Tile braaell orpnlaed a 1illort tim~. ago in • lllulllaa eloOJl ·wlt.b 1! :~~~ t~ := I • ' •11.11 Wood, YOU -" ~ . . . •Ito w'IU . IUCl o.' blooil, win ud. th lUll •bo ti>a wU\M of t .... ilela patry. eaut ycna Mt, ,.0. U. 10 foa4 of B6~'t'· iDa tbe ',' paad old. a...J• aad 7011 u. 1 :: lllKil1ae •ilof' r ~r:~~::-~~~ao~~.;:'::Sw":.!~ : ::. fellow11hi p Ut• allOWt'tl t o tlen•lop. fn..-. fr om the i'!OUI·BiiflinJ{ . 8t'r..-ility i •d•y• hl earn • de«at li.-.ug. lt ooe U of t ho· 0. 11111p ftnt! ha rr111.k. !he chRn<'es 11, ,. th11t the rifli!-prl!-etiee ,dll be out of werll, It lt .bard fer bim _to llad f ollo wl·d h\' ot hl.'r delight ful paatimt-11, u!leol to·· inspire" llll\!l!l murder . J r rul'loymeDt, and 1! aue bu • · job nue · · 1;, dri~ru almoet lib a t lao· ... •· .D~.W." 0 , w,.llt \' irF!"inia 111,, llott r dN of t rade. chnmberK of com- • Aod in tha •me 1111mber of tba ume -·~,":"r•·•· u lu\ oUwl"!l of tht:ir ilk hnn· bP•·n hohliiJ1( mect illj.:"B t o deYise 1..1~r ther~ it publlab~ • l~!le~ lrom WilY~ till> I llli"Rns o f ddf'tili n g t he •·oal Mtrike. The~·'re till .. fr iends 1• "'"'o"" _w1tb 1111&11 {"blldren 11il•a.g l9r y~r plltll l~ are li.lr.ely to ra.rry. witll I be.!~~ w?l turrly Kt you tblnlunc, and tbe ti"IIIQ of y-mr tllauellleiiiiY ud ia10m.ething' lilr.e tble: •· It It really nal a quntlou wbetber or aot n1~ U culd be 1 Soeialist-tbe fact rhe ""~" , ,.,,;,, l"m ''''"'~· ;:v:::·11e•w:_~~:7P ':tc:! t~y betny, aud tbe coa•equ.eacn tltq 1111a111 bl' ...-ll.kb we all hve, tbe eco. n· .::! . Po•·eu y, ;, ;, •••• ol i 0'.""'·" th i• . Y011 dea.'t. . . . tlllllp e ~bo~in•bte "1°" •M" <! b) >h• wlllcb ,-.... bne aed~ot · Half of tille time ,-.... hn!n 't ena pt • job---to ..,. oo'"'-h•sor " to,..\.J• latlrMt.t" ••i:l ••i..W4 ....-iou " and t.bat IOrt or ftob-dab.. 1~W ~ !::;~ :tBI~ ~~~:~; ~::,~ :',b\11~ ~:.~ ~~: ~:O~ia:~t:;Y :~:~u!: ~~~ainet .nO,i t l in 1 ~, ;,.,_. . . appro-d· mate ¥.•in ot 150 per cnL Sodatl•tiiN.,ccuatc•M to put tb.. DBBS PA:&!'DlS. olt~;!';':..';:';::~:,111:r:~~~:: :::..,::; ~~t ,~:~:~\~~e:;e:!-:~!11 1';:~":::~ ::.l;·n,;':;gc•:,~;.u:O!~!~'i~~!~iO~:~ ::~~~::erl:: e~:~r~::-!n°~11:= cl•- •• well, aud order• t or gro"J* or ~t'trrad -eatt tor tucb pe.rtlee u e eomins in eo·try day. The"' are oaly 1,000 . ;....r>·eJ -t•, u d it bd.oo•·tJ>I!OI' Ie wbo are JIIUDing' to gi•·e De~ IM;ture partlea to set bu.,wltbout furtbu tltlay, if thy want roup. of teatl !:: :!li~~ o~::c~n:..:::~~io:b:o~~~d~~ ~itr::'I::'~~~;P~u::~o :~~~~~::n.:~ :~~~otr;e~~lle;er~t· !~:; w:~::ll"~ clare 1b.at Cbrl•t ne\"er lntenol.-J moth· en aaol cbildr110 to .utl'e r from want, wllile ethen htrdly llaow what til do wilb their ..-u ltb1 W'Tung hom the !he wi•·H at •mall m;;...-llant• 111)1 pro· For eu111ple. tollowlaJ b a Uet of t.ll.e t .-..lonl l't!OPM 11"iiO Jo\'e to rio 11 Del· jliiPI!It pollt!tl ea ona day in New \"nrll; a..-are Ao·enoe daea, &1"1! l.alliag rn tile Jludloo Termlaal Bullollog, Car Bar11.1, potltkal oal!l!t iftp In (I"Otlp.. It i1 \Ill• Eagi111!fl'lna Balldlug, Br011d..-.y Sub- 1 corse "o•<o<U· JoL Tk Soclaliat> 14ny woold ad~l... t ny n~an wllo d0t11u'\ haaw WHY b• o·otN any 1,..n;~ular tie.lr.et aot to vot.•t altunllllli• vote ua true t t· Jlteuion of bit eoi.vic 1o-. Uowever, tlla p lo ia.,lleatad . by tile Denld 't llf'lrtll it lot.erutlng, 11artlea· omie toun-ee of lite. . o r courte, !lllllple et !be Oohhteon1au c1liboer will in.U.\ thattberre-.ent ch'il· lutlon I• a C~riAian' ~i-o·iUut1oa, •.ud tlllt po.-erty ~t a. God·fl'·ea 'r~et w~lell It would ~ •mpwut. to que~hon er to S: ::.~:lei•"';1 ~on~:~t~11 i~11e:;~~=; ~o:;: to~;e;ir~or8~~~ ~~ ...-omen a..- sot \\·,. nrf• ·wui~in~o~ Jur_ nnot lwr " f th•:lo•· ri,·r~·~· ~·ron_un_ciHnwnt~r· :!~. t hinp, l houllh ,eeoJe t bem :~;n:;!!:' t~h~:•;e:i:eta ::mo~ o~ T . II . t!Pinl111:1tn1( tit•: llllitHI~t ~nurd:·r 0 ~. t. tto r . (olO~Il 11_n~tll fln_d 1111.• · Another ..-;,Jow in 1b~ ...me 1~1~•~ gut ly oee•l.-.1 rllaa~~re. u(j t It tbe men Y. (><M~ \lu i l h• 11. •"(01110 tO th1nk ,,f It, ho II J• rol !Khl~ \\/lit until ll.fler ••"• tor a hlby u rri•gr for 1 ulpj>l~ &a•l womu Wllo llud ""it barder . &ad c\,... ,,,.11 • ~ ..bil<l. A. mother ..-ilb toor, and &n· bard~r 10 ~re. l'lllpleplleut and the • . • . . 1 olbtr 11101b~r wit b •e'""" ~ bildr~n 10lieit m"'n• 10 make 1 decca! th ·lug. '" rd•·n~;.':l~l :: 1 i.~~r;1~::r t?i\~:.1,~u1rtl iti:\·:~h~~;;l! 1 ~r~;;~:l t:;~., ·~:::;;•,111.t! 11 t~0~h: ~-~~~~ ::;~r::: :h'"..::·~~~:u.~~~.1111;~ .. ~·:= ::~ ::;~~IU"t: ~lim· lq maayt•lue. tllrollgllout the elty, not tarty· la not pri..qlari.ly a o·ote·Citclli"-1 ~;:nf~b~::. :O:tb!h!::~~z...:·:;c;:f; !:t:~~~·~: :r=~~ k:~:ll:no;~o~·~.·~:., ~~; :~~: ~~~~~~: ;or~:;,::n:-:o;;e ~ orw younelt ridleolou. qliUk erat ouUit, barrial I>OD.e. Sui~ ~ b• ndy whb werdy ootlll11p wlll~k w:lll make 111m ln,..lwr.bla to th lll.Qt.en Ia till! eam_pelp. Tile ru b of tile -veil· bindere who C&ll make WM.Ir.h•a mutu Iliad t bat auita their purpote. WE BE· S:OCI~LfST&? ha~e 0111 ~ pl~ doa!t - talk abollt "oo.r" b.te~u ia Clldu u d lluleo, &lid 1 '0111'" lelaa4 ~ aa4 Mtat ..rt ot1kiq.. ~N ue loU ol o~ -.,:s to mU• I ~ay• u tnD Bat to • n era." You all bow tile el&M, aad 711i've all fallea for tbe · fln~ob to hi t h put, 110 ·~·..,., wl•yooareto1toow. S11lqr W loor ted from t ke ••• d ot tba Tualllbi U,v, a~~d e&A usde B&Ji ballot&,. Tboi ~!ell pa,..ltea would alao le-.rn_ ilow It tutlou'' b tut tbluainr out, bvt ., 111 11 ;!tea, t::r; . :11Yerlt ~rald ead- lu. ."\\:e a~ n.ot be ~ialitlt or be: l11,;. of our lntly wonderful p~perity. ltiati-:e ot the wt~ttl•~ cla• wllleh ~Jl· eome Ia Aad if yea a liNn wltllw vlctiuu., IQol.'t can110t be i h~•·• 111 rue tludde, <iw CWaNI. • Jiy• crp IUt llfe 11 aeed be to tlltry' o.t ,:~re.:.~:~~ ~;:.: ~~a: ::;u:•~r::Dd:11 ;~~ .!~:;:o:t.;!~• r~~:: :,11f:l:~::.a,![. · SHOULD ~-~~~~~n~~~~p8 ~~~~:~a~;~ 1;.~:::,::~.~~! ::~=~:;: ~~~:;·~o~~ ,,., "'" '"""'"'"" ""'"""'"'"of"'"' '"''""'" wdl how a! T. R.; kaow wbat alb tile worldag cl... aDd they're dater111IH.I to lll&lr.e tlob eou•· Uy a Ill place t or .,.erkin1 people to lin. Tlle 111tmbt."' of Braacll Se•·ea . ., t hat under Sodalie• ..,,IN they'll :e~::'m::!O:f ~~~ ~~ =~ ~:~~t:·~~~~~,,o:n~":~.;t .:e~=~ ~:~ ~;b~7:etller iu • w ·H v :~~~t~~-~~a:):':"bl~•:::'~;;::t'';l~l 1;1~r:1J.~~e:~:i1:i~~ ~~~;:j111 ;::~nt:: ;~~~~~!~:~~ I of lnhor ." '-~of 1,..~i..repo.:.-1:~ t~ r:;:,r ~~:-~. ·~~bt~~ ~~~..:,0';!~'-:11 ~o::t: '. ~~!:;~~=ua tleft~r tile «'"fttt but tiler do t haa aot polltk~ io tile »emo- tll1110 Ia eoa~tri"' r.lau b del111 oa a111 it _w_ill lillppll'nHmt the g r e11t w or k of _the hoy ~eout& organi~tion& in ''.•. o~ n , au~uut-b!'t, n~ll.en to •Y a~rl t.bey're •till re111lnc -~-- Jf U.. ~ ,...._,. dedh U.U )4..m blipnrore tM .m1 cd: ~·· f-. e••l• Ia Jilu!I!O ... wt lMm J._ .a.M utnt TEACH MURDER IN SCHOOL . -w a for ' " ,ilowll·troddea 'f"OI«, u d eab "V'Yt . , _ b7 c:lv~ tllree u..n for~ 'poor II( talllpe.lp U-, U. beea 110111111& • b,- th Demouu ..,, . ty tor JO'l'lr -lte -uue~ up to tliCI ltand.nl. o1 Ilia roa:r ty rowlt lloot aa1J• 1· Sulzer it oDe elf tile old·ta.bloud ldad of pollddl..ll.l, wko tilt palrio\la ~p wllo -.a be ilepe!Wed 1J "to ad<l,_ aueb a aoble bcMlr ot apoll JloOt to do .vdl ~ ud to tturd.y t oller-, .onrelp Amerleaa vot• do aU of tbe 1alood·~ POR PRBsroRNT 1h11t 1t~~~h~h1i11~:~~::.~'~;:,:;~,~~nr~~icila~ t~ 0t;;:::: t-~ tlowa -.,..,. wjtll tM .,apaday "love~ to grasp tba bonry bud ot t b.e IIOil of t!li~" aad Ulll 'bow prod be EUGENE V. DEBS, of Indiana 1111 rh..-y c An see th(' m . -:_w.: ,.:~~friO::'::-~=.~~!: ~ :O.x:---!...£M..:"..u.. ;.. BUPTALO,N. Y. IU.JtnNH!USUia.PtoHVIRY TUTTHiLL. .__., be•• ::~~~::~\~:..eon;::;ut:.lle::~•e;..::. :;:.et~.:u~:o,~~~·"'i::;\.~r:;,•h,..:~~~: , ~;...::.:~.:.bl~~.1~~-i!r~:g t!or•c~:~:~ ;.:'re!:~;;!~El~":t~!~11 :~~;~ fflmmoo •;>h Ch' '"'' '~'"""· l <b<m~h·" • lOb ooli<lu< o"obk~ h1 T• mp&.Boo, Bo~>l,. R"l """' E•- ~:'·~T;i'•f:Sf;;!i:j,!ggg~gi·il':~§ ;.~~;§i~~~i: ~~~~~f~~~~~§~§W~i~~~~I;~~§.~ §~§t~ T11k•· 11 c-•ond lnnk 111 lilt' du.- nf '.11•"11 wh_,, \n·ll r T. H. l.u n ons. ' lu • :1i:;,';~ :.';:·~.·.~n:;~:;...::.~~i;;~: ~·;:,~,~~~;~l!"":~~:~~o.;~"~~:·:~··,~::e~~}~\\.n~i~·~~';P= l ARE THER~ NO n n1"\l o·•·II.Oii• t<l 110rr 1 fl\"o•r llw ··;>.\,•1111•··· nf Uoo.;o•\"t• llilllll. ·· Th(»>(' pool: jJOO,J,.. ""ll.t trh"mu·•· un;< ~w"__J.•·_.- - - Thtrr. are uo . CLASSES ,.,.,..e~ in tbo• r .. unuy l b~· t.lt~)'tiontl dr~umuaneet, iou8 to the •bo11", moruing, 110011 and lo.,. that eweat ten bear• a day wiU u.ij!ht we bearol tllr ~birpiur of tile tell reu bow mucll t ime •rend IIi ..... ·COU~TRY? rt:~~~~:'ein:,r~:;::;,Lwh~~o~!!." .·,~ IN TJ:IIS have &l l ru•ta, l bet>e a..-n..,., will I~ • 1,1.,, aud l it ,.jJ.,nt tor tbo timft ·belul( 111,1 tile I"·"'" lwnr111~ ,.., mwl1 ul"~lll tim o·:.mJHil~n. . ~~~;:;.fg:;:·..;Q:it~~~~~ialiD!ul7;:,\::• . ~~ ~=~ ;·~ ;~t;:::·~.~- i:~~;..,~~~:;t:~e; . :.'..:~~~ei~• ··e-=~. be bao,ua h1 l.be uallot.r J•uq._ ~~ tmaall\t~g Chi Soclalltt IQol\'emeat tbrongh )lr. Roolai'•IL Tb• IU&"" \"OUt I)! t•• Butl'alo TUolea it eo111ieat.' Debe. ~~:t:::u'':;-:~~~~~~-!~~; ::~~:~~~~~~ =~:;•~!~110 •,-;!:';,::!'0: ; ::m~~ ::~e:,:~~~~ul"dad IJ, w 11 mu~.~ t!ni"" ><o•l!l•·.(}l tho· lt~hnr-sknlll<" l"ll In k.· now llmt t ht•Jr l onf! kin,] or otbtr, and abo•·~ • ll ""'l.b poht1ca_t. 110<"1al tn•l lntetle.-Jual l1te of tbrot inltunce, ot lll..ir <ion>ination, of witb tllllaiW11'"int.er llnery f Will thy T . 1(. t.uttuu~ 1111\"•• tho· 11111011 lrlln•l pr•H.nllh'llt ly th~pln~·,•d. T_hcy lbr •tut~· to work ud pa~· &Pd obe;r. ClUf nlf>onf tbtir Jlfi•·iteg..... not 1"1l«ive e~e11 110ma 1.m11ll ..r11raU. of :~;~,..·j:,...~:~t1;::.~; ,,;_:~~:~~~·.";:;_~~~;,~~~~:~~~;;;;."~;:11 fi1111··ul~~:t~~-!~,~~~-·R:~:~ : ,.,"'::~~:;~,~:~ ';E:~~•i;;n n;; n•:;;~~r:'~h:~: n~: ~·o,~~·~=~bi:;oe;:_;';':;,:,h~~~:; rio~~e ;:t~e:,,:•:;'0; ': from t~• -A. 'fB.ID(E.N])OlJS On!'OV1I.NO. .-;~ ~:~!::.~:c;·l. ~·;:t;~·~ jc:::·~··,..;..·;: bli;~.~;.~!;!~~~~11ir~,.-1 ~ ,!~ 1 11 ;!,:"!e:; 1u.- no oo-~"l'""n"" nprn 1~ on.~ •u<l to orll t b~>r ~ol~· J>oi!IC~JIOI. tbrlr l•bor rOmJ'rllt•l to .ell Jbrir labor po..-u, th~ betoro t ill ~ft~ fun aff ae!ect.eoll Or tfl!"ll>eadou' out pouring of '\lie WOI"IIIug Wo·ll t hn l !lo R ol tff••ro·ut 111111g :l!l"lllll. ::l ln\\rUS..~. THE GIANT OF LABOR STIRS ,, 11,1 u.,,. ] :!~7:·:~..,::;,:.:o~.~~:e~~;t .~:,"·~:~ I :::,·:~:~~:o0 ;•::~:;tllth::l ~~~•~r:e:··~:: ::!:o~~' ~~· ~~~~;~~~:~:~~~~;e. ';.~o:;,~::~::Cu::et:;e,~:n:~: :::~~~or~~ ~~ :;bl~~d~•:l~~.:1b~::~~.:11: Ettur uud \]l"\"H!IIll l1 1 un· h,.J,\ ;~~ ··n·~nruplio:"s · · 111 n murd('r j t inr; 11. r!ru touc.-J>Iioq of lh~ ]ol>ruom·I J"'"",.' ' Bet&UH tl,.. mu~t of the \or<>" a•e lb.: muter~ or 1-0e1e1y 1.-auo.e tll,.y lag datt bave tiln.ml!red olowu ·to t iiQ· \<o hi.-11 11 1_, 1,..1; 11,.wlo•d].:••• l w 11 ~ ·."fllllllHil•·•l hy a t-.oh co' ll.lllll . wh1l•· these . or ,,.~l. li_fe. To be ~·or~ .. th<lN!· i'l l'te la( lr. t he mnnt I<> "~~·I~ lbdr own t.be . mean• by ..-bicb aoo:iety Hvn. periaiJOI't!rllte latn t "cr•tlont." . Tbi• i• !he rulin; fi•••· 111<.1 it 18 t be Cau it be t.bat tile working girJ. ;11 111,.11 "'"ro· o•uudu.-l lll].: 11 nu···ltllt.:: 1110 nu t,.,. 11\1"11.\". :O.:o•o•tU'~ \0 M y . no la11· •hnduojt ~~~- -n•_t~''' 11>10 d••· drutl~o•ry. ( ino···nuor F ......, .,f ~ l rul.•ll.-llliNo·l!~ I• ,., ... of th~!!f· •· fri.-w l.s of luho r ' ' that liD>"~ elanu.. ~ndo~1duo .,.itb llo,.. •• .It that th~ worker• umain roli'4; tltw, not b;r law, O..t by ,·irtue the 8wMne1 atOte .-ill loa compelled to ,.,.• ,. .:::-:re~~eo : : :: t.bey',. DIIWII\•tr, t.ba ttraw 1'0te Is intu-ett • ~~;::·~·~il:~~r~;~;~·-~.~~~~·~; . :~~~~~o.~:··tt;~: :;:;~~·:'·~-~~- ~:~! ~::~· h~·;~t.~~~~~c;·,1•1;:.~~ i . __ --·---~ c•ml'•i~o l'•ornl.et ••., . ..r!ou• thin~• _ _ ___ P~OGRESS' AND THE BEAST . Iin t hir ey~! - • • 1r ,..o: - w':::~.:::~~:11~JI ..ao- I!UZo· IIJ"lll t hi11 h.·ndol nf th•· ;-..;, . .,. T iwo• lllhl to liJol•·u to thijj \ 'oj,.,. j ll"nlr.in<l ,..111 A lo'!X_ tl~luJ.be..j~~.atiiNI;.,.d dut h of t be •urll:en . Wlle"._[ 'l'o 11111 Jay t'b ara ara muy who thin k " OUR'" FOBEION Jlfl'EJUUrrat are t:li•loltlnl:" lhr hull )(OOH Bull eo~: •·r~·inl! 111 t h•• \\" il•l•·•·.,•.,.~ In th.· •·Y··s of l.u ~or. thtllo:O by A IM\'t'ry ! ~~"''· "15ur ing i!o'e 1rror ;,, of e•·otutloD PAn:r.oo J>Oint t o • " '""' aeeu"inUtatloa of Lbat • maa wbo out rou tbe muo in Lht WoJ •iruple, tru1tfut 1011lt ~bo •lo all you will 11!'•1 1 gna t lllan.r "' rlleiD IHHI ••n\\ o•ol l•y th1' rl'l o·utl o·.•S Ju ... h of hll nj.:o•r. thd.;•·rs for llw 11l011H' Ilt l' 111111 at quired maa ~ luotiactt tbat wu ..-ullb !bat doet oot reJ~:~t theiiKb t or.,.ard movem~al tbat wa uti J•rol(· o_r the ute.f"l ..-ork of tba warlol, l(lllle- wllo ..-ere~ltlrrly agalut tile Sorlllllt ;::::.·.~.!; ;:~.:~~~·~;_•l;:..~i~;;11~;·,n:i1:;~~~::~t ,;?[, 1~'",\~~·;::~:::1~~. ~~;;~;;~~- ~~~~ ~~-~ ::;:-;:~ 1 :~ ~;~;~'":;~:~~~:~,, ~;~~: ~:!. b!~..:e:~o:~::: : :J4::1d:.=;ltl- rer~.:::a~:r:ut11:~111,.:;i'::~~·':~~- :~:t~~~:~~~~:"0~oc!;.:';i:: ~~:,~::~i::~e; ~~~~~o~;·,:;o~b~;:;ot:0:t;;:;;:~:t::~ thron~h !1111 \o·lll" · ·· \\ hy 1\"•••lr lonj.!t•r t_lw ~·oke! ::IIIJ{ht I 110~ r1~1·1 u•e at wbicb 111 wu enabled to lil'a. l O~n ~:~~oden wan are lllora t rul1 e&A· woold tnntle11t1 tbl• prlllliti¥1 iu.ttinct For uamt•l~, one gulliLle Butralo :::;~,: ~11 ,;l,...~tlad !~•t 1 srul 1111111 h.o~ :~t~:·l~:~~~~~- ,:.I I•';X';~;~~~wl•t~lt:.":':' f:;~~~~ ::~;o ,'~:~·K~·.~r\~;r. tl:~ o:t7~~(\ {:;: ~~~ !:"~";.:e:::i:::~..~t•,o:::'oto:~ :~:• .:_•id,;;.tbl~;..t~~b:":::;ad m:~ ~~;~;:t~:.•::~::~. ':.~:r~:~t-':~rl: ;.::~~~=t•:;:-.:;~l:n.~o:;o,~~:'r~~••~ ' ;:£~~::;~::el;. ~'s!..:=al;.-•. t~,;:t~ •. .. I l1!ll•·•l w11 h t l1•· .f,·ur uf tht·. h111u: .-.. u~ell. they ~t.rn·". t o. lurot hun bein~ att~r be ceut-d to ba a jqnal• ara idevouu•l ~·;~;~, ~·;h~~~:.~:·1•::,t;;1~:1,~:i·.·;:;·:f ~~~~~tl;11~:~~il~t•.::,~;tl;~~\.:.~.':11~{t:~. ~t~~~~~~~~ ~;-:~::~;;a"';~!;':~':: :;n:;t::! •inrr :~':1.,;., • "'' • ..';; at?.rma~b or ol men oaa1 'b. t~, clatlla·~ and ab ..J. 1n ltle.nco, a11d ilow It would be Dot:n· ten ~ 1w~~11110~ore':aa: :~ri'w1 '"ip~.::~ttll•~t:'!:'in:C,:~~-.m~:" ~:;:.t~nr '' "''' to 1•rotect '' o11r" lu- bei~~t;::::.-.~~~~;0~~::·~~!·~== of hi• hond N. . . ··Ro•nr ~no·,·kl,\· ~ h.-_<"iuun~ ~du<'l_l In• Jun·,·yhll·ctl upon ~-ou, Allti whr11 •·our JOV I,.It!l Ji(,. 111 ~po• nt 111 f1111hful s<:r \"11'1' to thO!ll' whom God h11s "'";'ll fi t t~ p i>IL·•· UJ >Oll your hao:k11. you 11hnll hn•··· r ich rew11rd. •• IHifr thP llmlljt l' "~"•'iHI•·~· ! r~titon. IO t hf' n~emory· o_f II Nl\·olutionary :'>ltilll•·r. '"Dt~rc to 1."1111111 t lw fulln\.'1111 of h fo: nn,J Jo~· tllld hope a nd lo•···· 111111 thum],•r lloltli from lh,. hl u.-·w ill Mt rik•• ~·on 1lown to d €'nth bar! th power of t ))HC'b. U~r.a ou by tllltjlrimiti... lnetiat t ~ pray upou all tllia~~:i, lo.do.dill( IIU t allow•, 1ba racfl of man wen al.t er 1 u 1111 foru d t or protettlaa ,;, DPIIa lo tamlllll, t baa Ia t rit - and llaally ~~&tiou. Tbu• wallad tAa btpaalna or -1a1 ~hHII at·n·e. o !J,.,J,l l:t . uuto tlw em] of t inw . -~. •')lll ny t imet; you h11 o·,. t hnntl"h t tu rise a ud l'llllt 111lid e your ~·oke." j~r til<· lwdizf' ned hllr loltl o f tht· Jlr<"Sll. •· F.ae h t ime h ti\"C y~u hf'e.n ti!MIIO! back uwlc.r t h e luiib lllltl .o·uur lit"IINI art~ the aole fr tutage of your m~o\t<n•·o·. \ou are eondl>mnt>d to be lu-we.r of wood 11ntl d ra\l;er o;t ftqdaJ barou, 11 1 aloue. AtUr 111111 Ht bed bod\.. of priell., .,.d captalua w.-re vaited Ia' ll&tioae till• pri•lll .i.D· et lod"rtry, emlne.UI .lllandere, • 11 ara ttiftet •till foulld . .pta pla;r, u4 wan fellow:IDJ out.tbttn! hlld of &ba junJia of pillare or eonqutet, wll.leb ~n•a, tba bead.. 11m1 tii.I.D.s, prenlled.. It it a ... tt' ' . lll t ptte of the beatt In blm m1.11 ba• . .,. 1~17r;::;ui~~ ~:1:\~~o~~!:;~:~··;~r:~l ~::i:i~~~ ~~:~ ~e.t"owio~ =~=:~·~~t';w~o:,:r:~ ~out: a:~1-1e::te11d :~i~li-1 •·:~::~t ~:::;i you 1 11 or hHI"•· t pnunol you t ight." 11ho ut. •lte , la h.-illll" 0 j,. ·ilib of the Beu o:h . l hr1111tin,~t · l.'efore the_ftl\•e o f the ' · ostrll t•· •·idun. ht>~•· Kcraps of p a rwr 011 wi11dt ·11re· wr1t the Lawn 10" th•· I njunct in wit h ' vhich t he o:ow~ri n~~: llltlllto:MI hao·ll Kou gh t t o owa t it<- •·ourll•·., b,• ft:ttt-rec.l Co nrJue ror. · wilh •I in tlh" , Ji~ 111 t•o:ho t h t .On g>!l of 1h~ IUil rc hin J; ho~ht o f tilt! plt u a ·I t h1, ··ri m 11 h~lm••rs o r lndu~t rin l J.iho:rl\· gli~>lt•n iu t\ 1 ~ toaro.u d 1.."11! 1 11.,1 ..r" pond€'rli the G iH I!I. · "".~\~~it ~ :,7,.tl:~ta";~~:~;i~:~~~:~rity ;:;•e :: a =~~~--:: r:al "'n...oll. lt at· tb• lj"fltllltatlaa of tbt bMtt't Thit h e t .1 d" 11 1 tl L 1 : • ~ 1111 ed 0 b~r';.;t D&tl~u . w~e ~;,.1 ~"ei~T Nleeted u tjombol~ .baaatt I Dd blrd~t p.reT tlla Britloll Linn tlla Am;rl~~~. ti.a BuNian Baa,' en - 1• bJlllron.~n~, eollla Ia tba tuna- ~f tlma t~":.rln; man a etap rorwud In chiilg,\\oa. • • Tlli.t etl'ort i1 ~IDi oppw&d by Cban~ a nd Blate. a od tbo~ t hat proftl or tiiiDII tbey do, by tllll eoalluoed, caanli•llltlt ~...t, aad h1 A..,. .. of ~tab: :.::,.""l~:t!:!"oftb:,~~!:' an ·~~~an'•af"ed. Solllellliadrarrqaleker tllaa othen , &ad 110 all alon~r t ba :rean ~llua have ~~~ a1ea •bo bao·t beev fon:ed to ' " • little farther abead tllao "tbelr telto•t. aurl tllel' h .,r beai. .-••lr to fte.l tht~ rnutnltnt ta"ted by tlleit clalrn, of nrerior Jllenlal oigbt. F~l.low wor.lr.ID,....II, wllat " iuter· ~'~.tt bava :J'OII hi lhl"ieo ~till woald temJll 71111 to lfO lltan wltll • gun an<! mnr1~er tilt~ wor~l,-•on of lbtt ro" a· t? f Wll.tt lntereett bave. yon in A~l' r.ounu,. t.ll.at -k• h 11teeaaar;r t or you to nppon a t r, m.eadoua ,llary ud 1 ~~ Y~~ q:at~r:':tedU::t::~! ~In\; ::.,••iatt~al~r =~=~~ ~~~~t•l::t~t Ill· •au.. t ba s!:~allat ,r.!lla ka~ ~ I ll.l e mdden 1 bee ; H , n d7~ekd ~ w • 101 u •no.,. b7 the ~~ue;e:r:t ::-e::,~; =~ .~•u­ Ih t j. t b lal ::li•tt~ :• tbfto ~ma: 1 • 11 ~hi' 11 ~n;t =u.a~nea.t tDfr~ ~ will bHoma o:"hlg r war w . u To a mill who ku e.omo 10 1111der- '1.e~af · tiu~:..:,•;;D.II:t~: •m;•lll@" lh~o.,-. !D ataaul rbi• thinlj'; t ba wbole feano~r~e, o:..n~• ;a:/ ~~- bono\~ do YIIG B"lt ltaooten nll,iu~ tko'"l::w r::~o= 0 11111 ~ry and bell\Jtlr ors~e ·~ mauUe•tcd . 1 FeOII eoloule. !Ia~ worlr.llllf muttt li\l..-ua " Coe ;..d.. 11111r t~•T In tbe lo.dvtlnal •y•t•111, U • , Falldw·worllen'": " e nee thfm ,...ving tb1111f IO bt uo loarer talerat ad, u d U1e nee .t mea. Ia t ile ol ~ t~ borri<l te•l ..-bicb .,_ 1 • 1 . , 11 ~:.n:a:! : ; : ttlll pra....u;·~ for :~·~-;-a:~. ~•dn~,",";;-:.,;~~u': t~ :!·~~·.oi~:u::d .::: ::: It II a f•ct t.b.at tba. i,DII1l.ct tlld l•d• • ..., tc P'Jt}' 11opoa tll.alt tello,... 11 D'ID.Iil to u ·idaaH a-ow. An wealth il . . .ored b71abor, aad to Ua w~~rll la 'llli:P.Mded tbe 11..., of the worNrL We •ar look opoa all • ealtll t~• 11 ~llr"WCitiDII tbe t.oil, .• e01lla over tile littlt u-plol ~e c:rs~! ~~~te •or4• ~ :.:t1tll:ll.!~1:e,-~;tt::"~ ~b:e: :.~.:IIi:~ ::: ... 11'"itll tkiiJiu-'k· o; •• tllat t llaw tlle tnad ot n ·olut iou,wboae IIJe, . /1 , · , the " ,.-orllin1f" cl...,. .', and' b: ...~n~r;y onward m•rcll ~•uaot be ttaid. Tile Tile IIITialhla tpbit " - liM 'fn·•tll l tlley are t nr the ""Orlllnr; ell!&> 11 ri.da~; t ide ,ot progreu tere~ mea for· dll'i~e , · .. t ew '11101lt ht lifO tlley rurioori..w ler~,:. ward and t bpae wbo 1t110d 11f l be ropr01- lit'.llt.fere<! t h.. t nO eDde&T~r • ""' .:· tlli.t there · were 1111 ..taJSet.. · ~n 1 oratatlve• of reaction, war uot with Anot1Jike p.oc;r lut TCIIr 't l~•• ttle wnrhl 110 mo•·e.! re y,. the Soclatl•t- mo"l'emeat alo11e, but wltb Whl rltd thee alld tlti• e 1 I be lueo111U.II' t ide of DI!-"M'• uplift t or 1Iutojlle <lark f orlli'U." .. ~ 1 SuhKribt f.w tlle amralo loria11llt. .oY.~D~~.a_ . . ; .a_t.JI.;..-h.leiiM i . B_ ..roa llllk..d- w .:.....ai .~.~y.l6.il .~.;,.·;:r. .....m.:a.o~ry;: ,~:-~~·J-i!u.:. . .i~ai Yisd.._aoy• l li E•~IIeii.. i .l n~i~l.lilgl•I"'O . -. ,..:.;.c......tolllllibllliiw..,._2.:.: .2~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-10-12 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Supplement to Buffalo Socialist Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-10-12 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n019_19121012 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n019 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 5 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Candidate for President Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f0b18628eae34bf2b2a68c49235dc1fd.pdf bbb746317e5a96332be44b22cc802085 PDF Text Text Till! BOPFALO·SOOAUST ' . IS OWN!I> AND CONTROLU!D BY ·~ wORioNG <;LASS Price Two Cents �Soda/lsi CandidaIt 'for Ulct Pnsldtnf EMIL SEIDEL ---:-- ~-- 1.' ~ ~.-,- .,m·apeak at Jn . . <:r~(~nd~ntion , 0 . I ; ~~ ~ saturday · !jail ~v'g, . .·· ~PTEI!IaER · . • Admission IS Cel)b Tkkcb ~ (or salt: ~rve.d - .. -:.., I at SocWiR~Beadqaartb-. a ad at aD .. ·..Branche~~. A~ at -· ' Seat 50 Cents '" ·.' · ~ &Jl Opm air..meetinp oftbe party. �" 11 eeriaiuly liv~ Ulla fine O()(K>rtun,ity to rtl r.he auhil 'f'ith ;h:iit aub-eara, iilea, •• aaY• oue or the comrfl~t!l who e.DJe iu .with' thirty- ~~~~~~~ffi~~.~~~}';:f.~i,]~pr~t!tiug We.:~ ·~ found tb~ g:reat _ 1 m getting the:ni a\'erag~ a dtle t~ the wofk. " 1 wor king man not he could dispeu~~e lfl"ith one< Whole dollar for a 11ub ~nl. but approiaeb bini with a thrie montll4 j:ard at 25 eenta. he ill willing to take. one." Let el'ery .~omrade , from IUIW OD Wltil We reaell • eir~ula t io11 well in tbouaamh. try and do wha t thiB coumule did. Then iljutt oue cau.lltl ~I;Kt-prev~~ thv getting or aubl. aod,.t,qt. We'll·wager thAt the aubacription liat ••oold ~r up._., eondor does proPpjl raloiJ to bit attack. jf ron would take • nnwb in the selling of sub ca nb! as you do in 110mtl or the .nber• the �PU ~W.J&Xi.Y ~ THI; BUFFALO ~.~G. COW'~Y SlW. &psu..t.lnllloof MAJtTJJif HJUil.P, .........., MSIGYTUTTlUU..~ . ' • BlJP!ALO,N.Y. , _. ..... AM- , · szY.¥Stn.t.W~ • l'1lAHit DlllDPIUIID, ·T -· STilPKUC,J.~. . . . ~ BUPP~N.Y• . · ~Nc.S1.00~~·~7_.pa.,~lw~ ·· . EDmea u MCOGd_.. aau. J"UJMI, ltJR, u~ PI*~· Batfa)O, New Yorll:, unde r t.lie Act of Jluch 8, 11'78 , "fOR PRl!SIDBNT EUGENE V. ~ of ltsdiana P'OR VJCE PREStD!NT SEIDEL, of Wiswnsin � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-09-21 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-09-21 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n016_19120921 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n016 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f10fe6a1fa58b5dd255153c70e474460.pdf f559967bb1f56d7a4f3f008871532ba4 PDF Text Text . . to Orgaltize- Work Long Hours for Small Pay - Vote for C~pitallst Candidates that Kup Th~ in Subjection. of~: :=okd::t;~• a1!:t~o:::::~1 !:~~ I ~:::: :;d a~:;r~~e!~ni~~~ :i~~:!e t~eir I '"lllo ing f or tbe huerrau looa) Raihn•y rc· Wb~NI ouioiu are in for~e ara l'ea.l!! tile toodltlocu oa der ..-hi<h tbry ' •o aruo~l that moo a re not obliged 1 tn li<! on dnty fron• .~ o'd.,.... ia llta Some af the Oompany 'a patron• neH! r l mo rniu~o: uo tii.Jl or oight, q io mi.o~ a ell.a11U! t o thr ow bot ahot at th tae I lJulrltlo. 1h>na lll"e arr:ongeJ .., tq t I! ''' ~7:~~·~=~:~ ~~:,.e·:~~~~~~.:~:~~m,V:: r ~~~=~;;11110<~~:-f:;:,_~ .:·:~~.:!.:.~~~~ t~ r.athlid at~ who are b~ked of the <'&pi~in ! by the Thi! t:<l n<ll t ion a t alf"tr~ hu l>eoeu the Comp•u~· ·~ j =~~ ~:: :::~· r:7;':,:;~~:··:~ :~~~~~~~ bo!~ ::,~ :t::illrn;;~fo:o.n;:.~~ ! ::;~t and C(Kirk<>n~ tr~lll notnt <>( pn~•~n~~~· • :::,. "':;'.~b o;~:~·:e~n~·d ~=!: ~hul:r tho ODU •Iit ion!l ~bat 1'1~~ t be !"'"'"' in tho hand~ or tbe r~ ... to tbe oli•adn¥1t•g1! o( llll thl" r~81. 1\nJ o rgall· ir.~, o r;::oniN>. n r~,;aai~e. �' - OUI' 018p'- '"-" . Ohio• C..lltl Suits iUI4 OOti'CMts .,;.,. Ph 'r.II k _,. ODm~J'6 aad our Prt- .,..lower tblln l'foa·U•loo Ooedl ~ . e~-nre. Ul'llOl( sus, lk. ·· '"THE sman. ENT,~PRISE ' 81:11·893tha- 8L - CWISftni:- 1300J•O:..-.on 8\. L. H. ABELSON . Deale r In Pur• and Mlllln•-ry . We~::::;:;~:~rr::.,;.::::-.~ ' :aaao.n.... ...... 271tJ J ...... R...EJCD - J. J , QU'tNN 25 COOS-OIIR BIG rmt IIIID -25 IBIS -The Cod! "Kiilserbof" BdaloA 1 tattor~:=~~!!~rfdfe*~~- •GIS ~leal•. S. BRODY _. IT ....... M~• 01..,., Olaarett... and RuniM Teas Bell Pbooe, H~ TU-J. Yrootlerl1104 Su-t., Prell, BIJfnllo, N.Y. ?<>r. , · The Ba& Place i:o Buffalo to Bur Good Purniturc auap. Bri.Jir thlt ad~nlMmnt wttb 1'0Q alld en a 16.Ptr ceot. oft' h-om OUT "'lUW ~ 'Ot ODeWHk"al7, Juat . ~low- Perr:y F.W.H·I LL f) / bo r.... ruu hol•·e 1.eon a.::etulto~ to yearo. So fa ra0!!0</•1. t hink tli nt ~·ou pr..i.J th e t.:J;Uf ao<l ;.( th~ rrtn e<t1"- ::.~ ~~~: ~=:o:"~~~U::J:~\~ ~;II, f!~t II:~ ·~ lln:lf 1:~~~:1:~~-e(:rj:ti:~:l,lltM ro•u t. Bo t h of tb ,_ J-..t.iowo U ll ,atari ll'fo rr"''<' Uu e unly oconomical!y inrorrurt. _ Tbo t..u;,. ar·o l· inRie tbf! .l rullt aut! J>aul on ly h~· l11bor. P&ld ollly holD til e t lo n. I:JuC'b 11 tbe goo,J J~t us analyu it. ! uod1 !bat Ln t.or ha. madu -.z.d. t&l.Jeoi to }...,!. •-\ od tbe taEll...-d · ooly \:{lmj..,tltioo from abroad &j,'ll>nn r roperty wbieh " Jr~bor J•ro.looed fro111 frae tu •le •·ould , but· ,.·b,.· b l11l.or ,J~n.,towu. It you h· • ·t'r J•roeuat Or•t. An d llhn ~:'~,;:~;~~ ;:·~t ~~~d" ~~~;-".::i~c':::.; I .:;~:~l ~':e:;";;~ 1 ~~~-tb~11t yt>u " "" n Jl nlo j•hll "' a;rvufld or '"'l ur e bai"P we tb.at the tru~ta w hllthPr .'""':' •lo ll<l t n111t."" no di1h r · Uenl-lu•·d f ron1 foreign i 1b ~ omall<'f1 rliJ•it.II IUt.l .. ,.ot<.Jt .,.,. ,...-bait·'"'· run,"" a lai>O nnjl mau, J•ll~h~:.~~-~,:le.,~i~~" ~~~~~··~~~:;..,, '' o ;·,~~~~~. r::'.t ~~~-~,Lu, /:!,~':auogtgl~~ •.tonu.t t bia """ ' tull t o 1.><~ unfair, Lut II "a.•·• tbl' Juot•r! And thia t,..,iog U. t•:rr...·:l~· J~og,.J , ill I"''' ""' r.c<"or-1 ""uuld uut 14<1 tiU.al!er h.,_.io.,... wi tll b11• 1\.'< th"f ,.,,, • ·nt . .\ nd "':h" iK" tlw ~r~t tt> ~uHu mb' i n a tra•Le , 11 t ).,. tt:>.ou•• of hi)lh h<II"<'••IL lllA•\u ~urh ltt<l th<" t ru .. t th~ Ia~\ ~ I iu>vllr bw~l :'<ot Sv··ialilot.t.. Thu m.•u it 1.o t lugKal zu !lMuwu t hat t.lte .,h., m::o.·l·· In"·~ th•t J•Uttnl t you t.o J.,. '~"ul•l not l•o: r11i nc.!' 111 :~II h•t r olol,...[ of tl> tt IIUtjor port.tuu {If your I ~ 0 ""' uu\ nbell •l :•n.l be al l the bbo.>r ~'" hJ,.,.i..ll l~·fur ~ you uking for :hrnu;.:h 11,.. t•luiiiPILtn..r ff( boorn01 com· .• u.wiJ,.,•r OJ•J4> IIuni t y \ 0 UliaT~ I" •"IIelll [~•to!U .. thnl hJ !•ft> douiiJy U iltl'tl f '"o.. \\"ln•nn l,.,•·uu ~o:oin~; to l'l'lt.ke n]• Un t it.- olh•·r h•n •l. 'fl"hU wocr.ld )raJ>- ~~:c:E:ij,i,:~~:;~{:#,:f:I~~;, :-fi~:::£:t::;~:,::~~;:;y~;::: . :o~~:~,.~~ 51;~.,~~c:!lohnll~:.,.~ ... ::;; I ;~;;~~::~~~~·:: :"';~;:· t!'d!" o1 u,. b.., f or tbo J>MI cc::o t ury an.l \..ut un1•ml'l o.nocu t 111<1 ~~:~t?~7.""~:~~S~~?,~i:, ~~~~:!f~g~,~~;~E=~:;~.~~==~~= ~-=~I £•·en tOO !hill ~001'01"1 do 110\ dart' t:•q~l.,.d ku uied it aad i1 .Uil COlli· \oJ>IItatid•"tiB~fiold!.oc..Uy. Tb r. l i nwiug it, 1111<1 t " c woo;Jr;ioff r.l.old Jur.rtit'8 AN m!"IO>t «<rt&inl,- •pUt u_J' . no ,.-o...., ol!' anywbn• ill t:nro,oe u ioe•• i 1t.,,~h]" t bet.i!llt Lbe]"blli"I' C ii ~D-Il, •••I toj.-etatkor<lo\llllln ..\n<IIIOW' I&II O&Ild t.o"bMd tbe j tt'll:J: ell! working J~le ue .., k ed • 1-o: k e L Thut- ifl ur.lk aU o.-er towll t hat ar:r it sgai 11 ill Amf!r iN . ia 1t0·1Lr>d..O ~ notniut...d be wiLL We .,hnil thf! lnLit.l u operate<! be Jmi/t!d. 011 tl:ltii"Dtller b&lld., the So· olay are ... e ril; aod · are u o::.ial ilu Jlr('Mllt a 1"-<~'rl....:tl!" .oUd horrL .t • charrg"' u art~ t he Their riomill&t!Qn.a .....,.., made by a eit;r Wf! tlo a ot ~~ how free t rad.e eu> - -itt N llfbie.h .illli>LJ" curlt'd out thera ill'th~ l!!tl&t. Did aot Ule otdera of the JIVtJ" me=be,....hip n~t;ie ~,_,. th a t tho St~ ,......, ...,ditd\diKtt takatl.e ~M.J"IIIf!lllbef· d Hire JlNI&c"tiou-t h•t it &!lip 111or' tb.&D twe<>IJ" miout-toot to &.gl"U •t•nd •u ~e-tully any oa the talld~ 'nle onl:r qnaJUlca· matic or f(lrelJCuf . And · \l oll wu u tD' wbeth.er be ...-orrld, ' "'" omdal• or tru.11.1 nid ~be .--...t t.be ·wbo labor, or • het)M!r ~uw in tb<: fa re of auelt. ~·-•-• ! '"." lie wou.ld • Np!"WOIII t.h- wbo "ride on bow uu we talt:e ser iOUIIJ" lh e Ubor'a """-k, U yot1 d.®bt tbe po•i· c ratif! platform nf Ire. t.nde 111 a :;" ~:'1t.~:~~; ;! ~:::::."!·1 rli~;n~~ontfh~ ~ ~orklrrpail aod 1 tre · l ~,""l"'rlc!1c.,baapro\"ll!nt.bt .. Otnt~ FIOBTD~ OOVJIJUfKBRT.I~:~!.etr~:;~: ~t i!:g~~:~t For the flJwt ti1r111 i11. tba . biaWry of h10uT!I. It i• a m<u t D&llln.l T ooa ......du tbe lt~<:a.l eO~n vt l 1be arnall n t,ltalin it t.H-Bodalilt par1y ha "e tl!ruro a bo.111b j bi1 J•roduet l at & low J•r iee .w;u t 11 te the .-..ukl ot tb ~ futotlyin' [ t o malt • i''"tl t• 11111.:11 sqncue tbe "u.. Soci~list (;mdld.Jtt for Uict Prtsldtol ~MIL . SEI~EL will apeak at . C~nventi~n lja/1 Sa~~~~~~a~:'~~ Admission IS Cents 21 !. 8 Reserved Seat 50 Cents Ti~kct1 _fJ.rt for sale ':..t Socialist ~cadq u~ !i~d at.-all : _ Bra.ncbee, �WORD JO:SOOIAIITS . ON ·HElliNG .mE CAUSE . . ' u- maay of you_,..._.,.. wiW.~ te . - . It a put. ot roe~ <hriy ~ • 'atieut. f ot:f , MI'-. I.JI the Deft eozuiDc ,...., Dtd .JOO- - ] : 1fltliF eoude Dce &.D.cl .H wb.ttlltr It will alal>d .........a.tia. .. '- ~ J'OO :aN dohJ( ..U lA your power to make Soclal:ial' grcnr ~ tllill' eityt Doa 't 1" kao• dat til.~ II I. t Une COlB.b( wtum t b -' eom~ w.i ll.av., IIIK dOIWI tJ..ir to,.,.ra the b rhi(Uir 011 Ill tb;e eo-opono.tive -~a--.lt.b wlli l.U it tll o7 b.ave no rlebt to auoeiate lrith the ('e!Ople IQ that tr• aoeiety'!' lJI order Ul el.ilttill&ll! M'efY ~ible Oblt.aele tll&t l>IJ&)It ,C'&lb& !llttiii"J ..o~ a ~ imeu.lty, "" lier-Jt h' ~WbDiil to you t!W. o!'•r ;••kltb bu Me.a apby t ile Boanl .#Jl Di reeton of ''na &ftalo Soelalltt'. Pllbliahi111 Co.; ucl , we fPOke about in lut week'• B..Oer 'a C&lulllll: • • WB ~ iVmt,y COKB.AJ)B 'fO Bm!D Df'..A!' LZAa'J' O!fE DOLLAR. POa P0l11L 'r'WBNTY·FIVE CIOlft' IJVB..OA.BIII WBD:I'B WILL DJ:.. I..l'Vlm '1'BB Wl'l'ALO SOOlALIBT :FOB TB:iu:E M.ONTWI %0 AJrfT OJfB BENDhfo Dr A IJVB..CAJW, • . rio D' TOiJ Q.Uf'T, BELL TliDlE O.UWS, GIVE TBl:l4 AWAY. TOO' STOP '1'0 OOJUlDD THE E.NOBMOUS A.MO~ OF GOOD ftlA'I' CAlf BE AOOOID'LlSBEJ) BY n.t.OB OOMlt.t..DC K.UE:Df'O IT RU1 BUSnnza '1'0 'I'AXD A'l' LBAft 1"00 OA..BDB, ~ TO'O OOIO.ADE& OUGH'I' NO'f ro HESITATE B~ lmND IN YOln DOI.LA.&, AlfD ' IN Jt.I:Ttflt.N YOU" W'It.L B.EOBIVB YOlJli F OB SO'B-O.uti>a, AND '!'lLU' WILL lld:&A..N Jl18'1' l'OUll MOB.£ BB..A.»D.I OBn'DIG '!'HB LIVE ,SOOlALDT IIEUAO!l. H ~ our bulrineM b'e re in Dulfalo to e.any t.h ia ci t y ·ror &eialiam. I t b. /u ul t he ooly to mak e thJa pape r &II ctl'tcth·e welit.pou ill tbe brillgiog "of SOCIALISM to thi... city, i1 b]" L'\ CB EASI~O ITS LIST Ot' SUIJ8C IUBERS. ~~=~===~== four bu..ineea to m&kl' the llutl'aho ~iaiU.t a..,.,., __ "''1 U ooly •.-e co uld make you comndeo~ feel that it is yo•r du.ty u IDtelli· worlr.lragm~u to gn out and .Jo all in your 11011rer to make· the, paper a We wi11h we could Ull<l ent.ano.l tlw! lH~ ot rracbl ns that po. r t of yoo r oool•' TIII"I<EII that prompt. you tO do that whieh oue would Uo, wue be I .,,..,1)" tbowtltareofbiefello-.r·w~ n.. , yo~ ~•ranot do a better n.ant tb.a11 ..,ndiug !n you r dollar, ._..4 Nnd you f our tub-card.. ~·ou U..-\ Yl: l) OTHISO TO LOS£. Tin:~ OOOD l'r A:\"T Tllf £ - I X A n:AII: t'HOlf !'OW-A~D BY C.-\H RY"· TIIESE CAlmS IX YOt!R J>OC}O:r YOU Wll.L OET THE 11.-\ DIT 1'() HE!.!. Til Ell, A"X ll I T WILL 0:'\LY JH; A t:iHOUT Tllf. t.: YOU WllJ. HE 0 1-::TTIS(I TIH!l.l I:\ ~ OF' TWE!t:T\" -t ' l\'t: �IDW~O~IIAI!JJ~ . • rueuafttm WUXL.Y 8~ THa . ...._. , · BUFFALO SOCIALIST P!JBUSHING COMPANY SlY.E.tpSt..c.Ws- l!RJ111"ALO,N.Y. II"'UJJOIt aiRUJI1UED• . , . _ kAJITDt HJUSLIUt, ,.,.__. HafftY Turnuu... ,__,. STI!.PH&H }. M.AHOtQ;Y, . _ ..... ~ t52Y.E.p:Stn.e.Wfs- BUFPALO.N.Y. ~'"T1I:OO,_.,...,SOc:ll:l:--a..,..,.w.taacW- . v ~· . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-09-14 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Description An account of the resource Special Seidel Edition Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-09-14 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n015_19120914 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n015 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Every Workingman Should Hear Seidel Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d930c541d7f42b68cec5a6a991278a1c.pdf 951930dd8700e327e91d2ed0cc7fa3dc PDF Text Text __ .,. Proprietors i:Joe: Polltician to Do Dirty Work. Oi>e Man Commlti Suicide Rather Than ,Aiainst Fellow Capltallsta.- Four Indicted. . and File Conspicuous 1;y Their Absence. Workers_Did not Take Kindly to Soft SOap Ladled Out by Democrat Faker. ..-ba t i he Lle~~ern• ••(;.-t,t f r omt.h•· "''"'oJPOli"s. '' ll uwr~> •y . wu •lrh·ini a t, With 11 Do•lh o.:ra t p,..,,, Ji>n t i~ J>o•.,r, a Ca r oelj;li: nL.,.IIIl , and '';trl it from tb,- ""'POjoQiiu.'' ..1'1 the ai 1le·l lf! JLpiag and he(uddl· 11 Wilo ou •huuld hnJ'J"'n tQ b..,eJen- ~:~~~~~ ~=.~-' ~~~~:~··~=1 1 ,::e<~ ~~;_ ·~:.,~:.~ ~,:11~7: ~1o11,~n...;:;~ke~ 1:.'! IIIOriiQf! DI e\'U r.olle~l~•l. ws~ urduly pi le d 011 th., 10 ,]o i1 nf! out th.- poJit<", ID<l 1f th e poli ~e ~oulo\ 'n ot hat r ou r h_nd • co•·:~~;~::~:~c:o.:~=~;,~o:~1 :i~::~:~i~~~;=~~;::~E~Y,;:;_:'::~::! the • l4;hle"t c! u,. 10 hi" 11 , . ~·our hi de1 with b a ~'Oihlt• nu ol bti l!e t ~. You aurely would '' ~o:••t it hom th<• ~~:.· ~~~::.~:1:~ "~.,:~~~ ~;:~ "~;:::1:~~ · ;:~1 ~~:.~~~~~:~~ [;:~:~ "d of thr Uait e d !<tat~ •. " " " t o tb ... wor ki ll~ ~!3.-.• &! Ill<" Trlloi~~ lln l! 1 ..-on•lt: r why tbat !•a rt y .. ,.,., It• ! Labor ("ouudl p i ~ n k ~I Hra un ·~ \ 'ark Oil the 1ol atform if hi o luoo·kt•n Oil L>lb<>t D11~· . h im t o " "i n. What in th o• n~ llo P uf ~O!Uil!llll • en~'! ia · tht' lholle~ t hilu r•• fr om tl•~ •ou ld tL ~ luloo r lo•n•lc r. o f tL •~ to""" · "! �Smilllst Cilndldilft for Ultt Prtsldtnt . EMIL SEibEL will •peak at ljal/ c~nvtnti~n Saturday Ev'g~ SEPTEMBER • • 21ST Reserved Seat 50 Admtaslon IS Cents Cen~ Tickd. ·are fOr sale at Socialist Headqaartcn and at nU Branches. Allo at all opto air mtttiDg. of the party. IIJ. RmJ IJml · - fw ,..;, M--.. . . . 3. '1'. Stbulz tlk4o &o ~ W mulcll or Vllea&l.De Schall. ~ r . Bcbals $ Sons BBOE DE.i.LEHS. JUDH8 oj ~~!'~:;:• 01 Par•~ Arch Supportlni-.Shoes 318 W'at Utic:a, aaf EJilnt~.,'.. 1-18 .A-LL£1'1 8T.;-II~.ll.O, X. Y. �Louis josephson· . $";';,;,, Cl•tbl11g ,....,... ...,. R.orb..ttr P-Pir..JIO. . ~76---aa.:...Buft•lo.N. V. . .-· �~W"UUa.TftTKa BUI'FALO sbaAusr PUBI.ISIIING COMPANY · ~) -· Sl Y.&pStr.t. :W S. llAJtTDC Hai:II..Q......._.HBNRT TVTTMlLL. . . _ , . . IUP'PALO, N. Y, . . A.dik-. t 51 Y .itap ..... W Door . BUPPALO. N. Y. ~Ptb$1 .00 ,.,.,.. SOc .m ;--.ptya!Nh,th. . . ~- .-,, . btnf'd u leCOGd-ct.. uu.tcer JDlle 6, 11111!, at the pan Bllfl'aJo., 'New Y«~ . 'llDIIer cbe Aet·tl ll;areh a; 1,m omce" ~ SATURDAY, SI!PTEMBI!R 7, 1911 P6R PaBSIDENT EUGENE V. DEBS. of Indb.oa FOR VIC! PRESJDENT POR LIEUT. GOVERNOR EMIL SEIDEL. of Wiscoruio GUSTAVE A. STREBEL NO COMPROMISE ne\1·11pRJl(~~ Wt'l'C qui te su~riied T h!• local capita l ist and exci ted n f<'w tlnyx 111;0, to leR n l thll t the S<M!inliHt pa n y would not Bull ) IOOI!oe'. Not ool y w ill t h.- Socinli61 party not MOO!!<• •·nndi<lat et. in the ~I y ear 1912. lmt lht>y wi ll t•ircnmstnnet'!l. 1111pport t he en nd idtlt <:S of nny politicnl whnte,·c r . controlled hy dw CRpitli list claM. You will rlDit· that W t' l'lpeak with (·nnflderh.'t!. Thi M i~ UQI w .. hH'"" tlw gift o f t•roplwcy. nor y t>t bo.'('RU8e of 1111 1111-'!muptiou of su ))(' ri nr insit l£- know l e<l ~·· of the l'OII t »t' of eveo t11. mnkc this lftate· men!. uut Hl< n pt'('lllinr tlistove ry. hut llli 11 11imple fn<' t wh it'b e"\'e r~· nwml >f' r of t he Sne inlist part~· knuws. "'I! 1 In t hf' <lay wlwn th.t' Sociali><t rn o\'CIIll'li t iu lillY city t•ndol'!lt!ll the <:8Ut!idnt ;'tl of o ca p ita list pnrt.•·. or fn ils to mnk l' no111 inn t ions in the .\~~::r~-~~ ~~.;~be;:'~~i~l~~l' ~~~~·~n,:~~~:~~~~~~~ ~~-~;~~~~li~)\.~~=r~~ !~~~~-it~~~~} ============e==================l that dtHrnt'U'r ou t tuuati cll ll.•· r end the mNdns out of t'hl' Sot-ialist pur ty. T h,· ,.(m.ll t itu t iou of th•·'Soo it~list pa rt y ex pl'es.<lly Rlot ew th at untl er nQ <' in· u~t.II IIC<'II u- ill fu~io u of any of its ~ron p11 with capitalist pnrty ~~~: 1fl~t:e,~~~~~~~~~~~:;~n~t re1~b~'ilf h~~-! ~i;~:t\P~;-'~ 8~ i~~T~fi c01111 ~ra, -~~ployer 1 11 Wllli.•m J. the Moo11illm or 1t11y Hi 1ni la r ~t· heme to ch lorofor m t he wo r ken;. Tn eveey labo~ , ' 1 • 1~- ~ de'_out Cbrottlall el.,..•tion, it i11 thf' ~iR i istfl a~ain;;t the fie ld. -Wid tn 1916. lUI )f~~rk l•·•:lu~ t; J>Olot"'-'111· At 1 ~~~~~~;~,u:::;~~~~~~~~~~71~~~-o~i:i~~e 8;I1~~.1 1 ~s0 ~e:,~:a;~~:'t~~-t th:rt~i:~: :,:~~~:~~~r~~u~::r;.,'~:;,'~:.;:',~..g;;t..;i-.;,;;;;:~.;;;:;;;;;~,::;;,~;.;;;;,..,:;;;.r,,;~;:;~~;;::;;;;.~;-;;:;,;;,;;;;; ~M~~""'~'::""'~'''::....~':":""-:"'·J.;;;~~·'-.'f~';:~~-{;:~:':;· p nr ty. . . . . I~y~~;ir~i::;::•;:~~~:~ ~: belie•·e; tn'::'O::J;~:.~~-~~~h1~ 0~~a~;~7;~~:: 11~:w~~tnJ~1 ~ 1-' ::a~:ri\;;'~~~~~n~~~~~::~= i~=~ ~~::; ~r~~; e,:;~' t~:~ ~; 1 I to tbnt in Bnff11 lo t lw S.wtahsta would uot ftliit! wrtb t he Bull ) !OOIIt'! tho> En•:y ~inli~o't who r•·11d it . 11-i m p\y hn\\· INI with ~le<>_nl th e hare ~o~ng- tb~ ~;:';~~ 0 ~ ·~~ f'~~~7~~~ -~~~l'y ~1:1t1 ~?.:rO~:· t ~~,-.~~~~~:~h ~!rt~~~\'J:~~~: ~·rtOlt~ly Hl~hjeet rt f Tb 1 :ul:;_;illio..:~:• B~~~~~=ni the tarty ;fl ~be :ork~~ 1 ;;'~7;~~:t:rn~.>O~itbt p r OI>O!It' fusion with _a \' Rpi t 111ist pa r ty woultl .hf' to l'~l ' ll~lllllll, ...... llnd wonl•l ~ ~~~<tiiMI~IOURbly he e :s: pd lcd hy ni'I·IRmRtiDn. The bft .t~n i H th em " a ~:;~~~::·:ne]1t·l~~-n~: 1t1 ~t·T:;,~II~~~,. ~,\:::,,~~~;. IH'Ver biHI !'() htth' r Rod eon- J If ·:, . B ut. 1 .e:f 0 fa ir wage 1' :0 : 1 ~:~: k~;~· :~~~~~ 10b~..,·::~·;;u f.,·t "' 1!1\"o· tltn n ks fn r tlw l'ru ~rl'SIIt\'t' pnrt~ r· ·fuc-•· f•tr tlw ]"~'· '· is h so u ls wh o iuuu::itH"d tltt•y w•·r·· . who m r•·u li ty Wo•rt• uw r •·ly tutft'o•rinK fr ow ·· 00111-: ·\1"'•·•· 'J"h•· ., I ••JJII•·. Wh•·rl• lit <'~· Ji •··· 111 0st l~· .\ lrlll•· "piNl~ u f t! huu g c'' go~e H woud~· rful WilY i t h•· u""'d fu8-«int-sli of the nv••rRt;"f" politi t!a l r t•forme r . Ji~l l'~trl,\" dOt'll 1110/'f" th a n t o tiiKCOI\Il l eOIUICe grHf t . J t mH k•· c:r11fl impoui hl ~ . hy a <"n rnplt·k cl t an~e in ou r .-conomic dit ru ros. ~u hstilntint; ord er for th•· prex•· nt i ml u t~~tr i ll l nnnreh~·- llllliJ IIII!"ba r 'l.'' J111t lt 1111d~ aoy dll!«n"'!' to r lu1 whether Tedoly U Tb ~ w ork ~u waul hi~~:h ..-~@.<... Tb. o l wt apoa 'hat the .w·or ktra .baY~ aol )" ~ t 0 11.,., tb~y ~;ti n r.ontrol of. tb~ •ati· of titaodard Oil err the ,J > to J>IY low WRj.!eJ. 1.-truf"i !:tow to ha11dle. ou• bno.11~m-• of tb• JIO•·eromu.t, t hf'j ! ~o hooly tlell\c. thtt lloe wan t •llort houn. Tba Th~ y 11M tb~ I~Jo; ool atur•• to VI .. Ia•• will ba•·.- 110 ttouble obtai..,., hi&b ~r ;1 ftnaadlllj tlt e n~ :y•1 · oo loo K boun. fl •·o r1b l~ to t h ~m IO<l unh •·orable 111 wa~;f'l, Jhort1r l:t ou ro , bett~ r work illl of 1111!; but tlw Ste.el Trott hal jut Willi iltiiP, lit)", well t be matH.. ~ood ition 1. ri1111p.r.a.. ti011 Uti, t>ld liCe 1 littiO' tOO 111uth JIII Wrr o•er ~ JS,- Wtll1am ...01 Alw. T it •. n•·w Tnft huuo u r •·u•ls. · · Tiw .-\ sfest .'' Trtl <' . th •· uf r<o hhinlo! work··r.~ w a.~ ne···· r ~0 pfc. Hoosen•lt hu t tO llS ro·n·l stj.!'ni fyill l! Ti r eMn ....- Run t. ur Tyrauni{'n iRu ler . "'i\11011 · · W ils nn Thill·~ A !I ·· Xu turall~·. u ot h iu,::- it> Mid uloout IIIH lll. ;\l urJ •h.v .1 " u ttnrM~ und tht· r~t uf t he g11ng; h ut eve n uiJ . jr"s too tutlt'h . U,. h11 hutt ous r eAcl. _:;.:W o r kt•rfl of t he Wor ld t :n it e. W h idJ apJh·nl~ mo.~ ! ilt rongly I~ you .llil a wo r kiugman f i ~~~~'"n:~:!':.~~-~;.u';,o~~ 1 ,.::~~. ~~~e~h.-;.on~rt;b::i~~~':~~et'!~ :~·~~"ou:'r ;:r~~~~:; ; ;aL 1 ; to t h.-ir ''balldJ' Ill otingy, badly ··.-ntil I Th ~;o- 110~ th.- jatl"... to burl illj UIIf tiOII J aa•L i!t •melli1111 •bo(M in r>rJ~ r to lt..eJ' a11ain11 b.bor organiza tiollt rrstraiaing <\ro,· of th •· hr illia 11 t •·andidatu for Co ngn.'HII iu 8 weslt' r n •1~..-, .._. ,,., a..,. t beD1 f rom pir kPti1111:, from J'IYilll" York di~trit•t 11.ilows. loy !wk. t hllt wh nt we ll t!~.J is to go ""··k tu t' T be wor ker• • ••t tbe m a~ hlae rJ tu •trike beu .. tlh, from pubtl •hinll' thr pot1lwn \II IWOUI t h .. btgplanba nd htgmterewtR ll tt doc,;u t bto ... t.-~~:uard"'l. Thr. ~ mploy~ro ohjll<·t oamrt of ''u11fli r ll rm•.'' ft om doi11g m t nttou t lllo; ?"" 1to111 l ntUIIpo r t a t tOJI hu t \\ e HII P i lD~ ht llll llt l! aafet,- eppli&llee• eottt mortey. 111yof thr tb inge ~~-~ lr.atl lo .-ieto~Y, J,·st r oy the lilt.: lak e f re i gh t er~~: and go- ba<:k to th•· canoe. to hn11t t he , Tb r wo rlt~ra wan t th~ A~~J• Ioy., ro to Tlor y b"' tb r. m•lotu• an d th r pohre I or """'a;,.., t:.~~~~~~;~.~~-~~t~e~J 1 ~,~~t~n~8:: ~~~ ~·t: ~~=';:,r,o;;:l ~~~!~~~~::~;~-~~~~ ~ ;:11:~~~~~~: •:~;lo~:•,.illj~:~: for ~tt ·d . ] t wou ltl ma ke mo r e u-ork, ht< uy11! "''"'t HI lngi<' fo r ynn . · -;::i::u:; ~:.~'~:b ..~::. •trik~ro • ad ,Jrive rh.-m ::;k;.:.~••~~::·~~~e~~~~~~~:;;~~ ;:~ 1 .A ye, th y O'lll . ll'et an th fto<t thillg., &lid mor~ . They- .-&11 pu t t h million · a ire • • • fll ll p~ tety 011t ot bu t h:o-. !'hey ~aa 1ete the miDN • • •,. h om t br m i 11 ~ 0,..,.,._ tltn railroad• awa y from tb~ raihoad owa t ra , tha bi8 f it.· tariro 1wa.r h om t lt e bic far tory 11w11. ::·~~~~~•, ~~~~-;~ o.:::;~~r ~= Jtriket-L Tlo~ ~ p­ are ho rr HI..c!,- aot l~oe­ ... pltalbtt palie-<1 o« t loi•' MuoN t bey wu e ~•o 11bt o!Woo.l't ~...-oma~ l ttetl W~ll . lle l!orgu fOD iro.l ot Lbe .-o..;auy'• batk· In~~: farilitlrs, aad tltrouab t ltt!m' Of th tout ry ·1 bill dtJNln...,nt . "oru 111..s d~>artmut tton • •h ·i rt ltl11r, =•te.i' lt miahty wi~e 1111 tiry l or "'ery newtpaper editor to walk 10ftly wbeD be i1 ,Ji..,.,.,.;.,1 Morga 11 n•l bl• ::: ~!~~a~-o:::·tati~:.lytbe '· · The re'll !;OUud O.. l prolltot N! of mo re l111poita uc.e to them Tb~y are able to ,J11 tbeH tbi GI!'I wort, . tt • tbouulld dolan to Ute Tift th an hum~n tif~. . tw-nllH tb e wo rk ~ n b..-.. •·o11!'d tl:t e111 !low! By put bii!Jt the Jlf'la~i pl n of and the Umpeoill( ladle. ot thl' pr-eu Th., wo~k ~ TI Willi t ll th~ l r ~omr1<1tl ioto pow.- r. pubH• ow nert ltip ;11111 the d1111taia 111 all lte.reld It far u d wi de! Wb11t boclbf ~~·:·=~ ~~-i"~~=~~~=~=: :;tP~~ r~;;.:.~:p,u~i~~:,~:~:' !77.:::::!: Iii~~:=~~;~~~::. be&Jd tbat the jill Tbi t ehDtllp wat t.be ori r:l.al ll etbould lla•e tao•11 tltat . l'llile ;, loolu perfeetly h.ir ;~,~~~:·~;:.o o~u~:.,s:"ao;:;~ ~-':''~!.::~ ~~ -:~rt~~-;_ WHO OWNS YOUR dOB i ::ddu: ::::ot 1111111 At ~·,·ery ek'l'tiou . membcn of the work ing c\MA fu~ th~m~t:hl'l\ 1 motm11 ~mmlgTI:o• . . . T~t.r dl')'t'Dd l or tltfir eampai,;rt fu11tl • work era .,..11 the m1ehiiiH, not Ull til lia, Bou• Pll11n a ad bi• Ilk, minor ~· • OTkiDf el~ 111lht~11b . ~bo dare t,~ l•llt•·k. in thl' f,.,.,. ove r t he <lllt'irt im J of " !."T&{t," ~'Otntpt iOD m office. Tlte u ",'ter•,. aa t th r-lf ~ h•kl :e n to eu luti•·ely ll toon hu•in- men. t be wltco le J•roolur t of lahol' 1>4'111"11'' lraJ~- t hey een ~ torJ~h·en for the:r t Uih a'-ollrt tben l.,.aa•·ole.ll~ ~.~~:::t:~i~i1~'~·1;;:::: th1~~- m~:ti: ~:~~!~:~~~hth;'?;!;~rn;':'~~ ;~::~ !:"0:7._ •e; h; ~~~:~.~~=~~11;;11th~o e!~~ 11 ~~~:~:1 ~~:~:~.::~·~~:~ t!:,:;:~; !: ':,":_'• will 1111 "·•·all h. h ut it dOdi U't make A n ickl e'n \"fOrth of differ ence to the wo r kmg d~t~~t~. umler Cspitaliiiiil, wh tot he r t he ci t y ndmin illlrlltion ill ~ :Ctl'lii'RJI'UII I or .-.oonom icnl . . Aa a ma.tt er of und e_r Capita li.llm , it IS 811 Md i'II !IUtge to t ho; wo r kmg cl11811 tf t h e adm_JD o!ltra tl on ht retl nn n~0:511u ry clerk11.. t-Ie ..."'~ lnl'rl'ly loaf about t he CJty boll and draw ~~Cir pa ~·. Th.- r ea_JIKi n h t>H IIl th e f11ct t~a t eve ry wor~{'~ who make~~ a h ':IDK 111 tb~ t way _111_ keJ't from eompt"l tn g for th e l~m.lt e<l nu m ber Of J_ObA o,..._.n_1~1 t ht- .~· tt~ . _If 1\MI d r. rb HT'e fi r ed by th e Ctt}. t hro.u gh eco nom teal rae:.. ~~ tloe ... wa r to 111e 10 Tlt il I• the me:auge of Sodalitlll to n d ll ll!•e r tor t h~ J>OOr. tile world. Th So<-ialitt Putr il Jt ri •·· .. n tlloaJ4 be .. platza .. d.I J' lllb illll to ri··~ tbi t ~K· ~oD•.rt!le, det· that. Mtan we Clll ban \!Ia - - . ' lai te' upr.-Nioll. 'aa4l ot ~eta. 1aell Jt I• • • i111portaot mNIIge, ooe - 1Dut hne admiDinrll~ ~ ~ you · • hould t l11dy tl>orou~ f or the ton aDd J~ 1l'bo b.IY6' tbl wod:1D& Sodal\u movemen t it bon11<1 In the lle&r ea. pol.at o! "t1ew, w1Lo ta.,-e ~ I f11turr. to ~l!ed yon r in~ome, you r rigbto ~ r~ll ~~be a n tla ble tor tbetr nore:a nd t he JiOUrnm,n t io alway• for t be rit'h ~~:;•";·orker want labor IIIJI(• le tio to ]'~teri tb:i r ill tereoh . ,.;,e ~ ...~ r loyrrt_ ft,l!ht labor J.o&itll.tion ~&UH' It it rllll trlrY 10 thei rL Thll work~"' lft! dete""i"ed 10 get wba t th~y wnnt. The emloloyera nrf' •leterlllioed to prr-·eat tbf'm. #. e:!_, ·::~~!''!., '!:rr~t:l,:;:;\: ;.:~~, -~~e ~~~~~~;hl;~o~:::~~ auo etf to it for t he workillg el..,, e:cr~pt · • 1~1 ot plat form eltp-lrap, madt to ll•t ID 1111 • llld II Ot t~ Trrtly, the re 11 110 limi t ·til t be ano· pnt nnlrmt>t i11 wbit h tlte rlut it held b,- t ~ ,; 1 · · . ian•: wu..., 11 t hort t ime rt ferri111 to the IDII!Illp11ot . l:.tl. ; "' k'"ll' ~~~.. iato thlnlti~l!' tlon t• ! he . . are tt .: ... m; for '.~; rtth ea-d,: ~ ...:.::t~·/ ;~ ~~~ ,.11::..n~~. :rl Utllpt 10 railro••l F.uor llotl O i~Vlllllli t t. rota mrnily 011 Red b.-Jie•r 0, thr .,1111 rft will bll"e. thelr' n.-H 1 . ; tlw atOilHd worlt in R dau , 1 ~ ":~ 11 J>re rut. ' .. ,t of thioa_eod ltaad r~ of boobl, wloo b1>'i! lu~ bow t p ' ~• 111d amirk wh ile thei r tla11 ;, being h~•ultl'd, ftO<'keol to h•r thr J erH)' nrilte-br.-alter 1t11 Utbor Day. Tltey lelr ned t.bJ t t he be1t thl11g for lbe work ing d&N to do I• to vote r01" t hei r mutera, t ad troll t br111. So111e of thr- tbl ngi Oor . Wll.o11 d id 1101 d••· ~~~,. were lh~ tollowl ll g: •Why l1 It .Someh·O'I'. lleo·., t hat raaybe, atter all, the re ;,. 11olhl11i"' IIIJ,..,..or abOut tbe rtay of whith thr rl~lt -•r.-~~~adr. h i• t ruo.· !bat th e preetlo~r• tell 111 to 1.oe hu11o bJ., ea,J I~ the~ rle t oUr rorteu bt a u.,. we were mad~ tp b.- 1«•, and the uJlita lb h w~re a~ade to b.- rieb. l'et,t bl' rleh ,.,.,., 1 1100<1 ol.-alliltt- tht1- r Ia m"!l rHt'fdf. It it tror thtt the rleb a,.., • .t100tl •l~l 111ore •lrJi ra•·~t. ~~~~-~~t:~~~~~~~~~~~~·tnt~~~~~::of~~'!ea~-'~~IR~~ !!~e:\\~~ e~~p~:;et~.uem· Th:h•.,:.,:~:: ::::~: i~~o 1::~~=:1 :'-:-'~ "!':.a:;,Ul~--::::' .:!-:'~t~:;r :.i::::::~=.t~beort11:07,un~':~ ~=: ~~:~.'';;:p:O:!i~:tdUJ litn J "But," ~·uu ~Wy. "tloe~tn't the rt.'Dh'r pay all taxeaf" To he RUN' lt P olf)('!l; but if ta JJ: es nre red nt..'e<1 that {!Dell not mean !' redttcl ion of r l!n t; nor if tax~ are increAA<..'<l does it mean a n lld \·a n ee m l't'llt. T he rat~ of r en tA l a r e gu\·erned hy the la w o f 111pply and demand, uot _by fh t! r 11 lt- of tlLJ:a~io n. , l~ th ere a r e five tenanl.!!. f or e\·ery fou r hollfll!!l tn Buffa lo. r ent1 Wi ll ,be h 1gb . r eg11rdll"N! o( the t a:ce~~. If t ber e ar e five hou54"1 for c\'ery four ten antfl, ren iR wtll be low. regard· II'IR of th e t a xes. . · "":T ht: COitll o r gove r nmen t concern on ly th e KO\'e m int:: daM. J t \1!1 f':l:&ctly t bf! a rne 11.1< s n ~· other eapitali.t v e~~ ture. · ~.~ ~ 1 ~ !1: . : , k~fJ 1 ~~r ~~~e:~~·t::~ t:~~ llA1~~red~~~! f! ' h ie CUIIU o f operation will he solely in bia own int crn:t. R ill et181oni ers will Jl8\' for tht: goo<:IM hto IIC IIII, a ll th at eom pet it i•·e \'OIItli t ioll8 will en· a h lt• hi~l t o trel out of th t: m. H t: regula tdl h ill priL't'tl ~nldy on the llrt'n!lf h of 1\'ba t be can fee l . J lllt 10, the }a ndlonl l"e!(Uiotl'M h U! renta l n tt.>A on the haa il of what be Clj.ll Rd for hia bou.ew ur RJlartm!!liiL lit- tiolla. The ..-orkrra rrl6tt to the hoy~ot •nd tb e atrite. The rmployen re111rt to the blatkiUt an•l th e lockout. Tb tr & i11 wa r, ~ l"l"i l war, ~bet"'""' " tbetoe two grN t ho•ti le to r~n ;, t oeiety. 111 t hiJ war the en• tlloyertt uoe a - . pl..s&-111 tc o"" tlla ~tto ot a ..U dbc:ipli.Dtd Wlll"t:iDc ela• ort"llliUtloll. Onr~ th• w~rhr. orgnl~• ]'Olitlrally, lt bry nn wh•J' the I>OUH to e atand· ttill. Oa ~ .. th~y vOt ~ toget b ~r u .olid ly u t b ~r •tri ke IDII~Ih~r, th•J un btl·e r •·~ry th in.: th .. ir ow11 ••!· I m111 t be~ ~ ~ jud~ Do you e11dorH the fort&oing id .... l Ar.- you willillll' to tl(lht tnr t he emu dJ>etioa of your d u,t It ...,, we ill>"ite yoa to join th e Soeiali• t Pa rt y.. We 11Md u ti,.. wor kl'ro. &nd you r• ad· d re.. to t he A.K ret el')', :\1! w. Eag~ Stree t, flu l!alo, N. Y. I ---- . SOCIALIST LYCEUM COURSE _ ill in f.l \'0~ o f ~ower ta se11, beC!&UIIe i_t mea~ mon: y i; hill' po!'ket. p':':u::.~e:.~·~ital.l:~~ruat pre ble• ::;_r. o~~ey ia1~::":! 11 Pi:iY~~:;:;:I r.~.t~;r:=~~~~ ;~~:~~y 1~ ible rt !~~~~~~:!;::: ,': ~:~or~ns 811110~:! •::~i.·~~~t~~~IT)'lwff~~;~-~0 ;;~th_-~j;:t ~:~~~t~~ ~r1yho;'.,, ':!:~:~:::.• A-::,::,•1::! ·~: ~~=~~~~:~~h ;:.:t~:o::~:~".;;:::: ::7:~;: .: ~it~ ~~=e ~~~~rn~~:. :h~%ii:tit 1~ba:h:e ;::.':~~!ld t ?f ed !:;:,s;:~•~i•::~::~o111~ -:~::rut· !"~~:'it ~~~~~~h~ ; :,: 0.:;11 11 r!_t i!l hiOttmt ~nd_ t..'OIIbl 00:"JO~H_Qmt!cDI. . . • . . •• ttow Tbi 11p Happt" t o Heppe11 ' ' an4 l(lo.)ay t hr. great hope liee in tbe wor• · f.om plete ,.Jctory of • ootbet ~rty \ et. t he t!& lltta h .llt _partu• uwllt t ha t _tb11 11 lh~ ••.~ e on wh 1e~ ~ •' The ma• 8tn1Jle." iM cla• a wah to ita pow r r to 11111 ae-c:ure. ;~u.J :;~er! ~~gyngQ~e/~~~\To;~;A'E~~.~ : tw~~·.,::::n'~:\ho~\:~~::;J~t1~:: ~:~·;~:~\.n::~~~~.it• ,.Itt ~~:e·~~~~=~~s::,;~l;:• ~~~:\: -W H O O WN S ow11, t or tll: 111 Let t ht eapitaliatl fume abqyt. ' 'gra ft , " oor r upt i(l n a11tl that 110r t o ( '( 'lln Soriati•tt Bore to Oet ~Dyt bi D,C at &, y.u IIH, t lu! Sot.i11litt• are Ml tomplete retOD.It raet_ioll lri tb t hitJg. That '• thei r affa ir. -~ ~f the battle on the ialue t ha t me8Jl8 AU t '~ Tbl t thoWJ doat tJterc ia ~~~ · d~amera. They ant pn dial polltl· eue tlt.., reforming t De tlou coald · party wltie• r-.:u- wbt j It U 11p tialft bec-Aaae r ractical - i•l __telea- ta ia 110me •lith~ l=pro• etNaL wun-etb ing to tb e working clua. r wear~ ~lng ~fo~tol to ~- t:~ ri:m::~~,:~~ ::..~~~=~~:: :'at:~~~:::~:~. :·~,;·~: ~~~ ~·a : h~~ tbJ I : b,. ::t Note t he oubjed• eb-11 k! r th e Ly· r-.pia•L l ' ' •te. · 1 111 tlte Nortltt Wh_,- lt.'tthat t eWD leet11re ~oo,_ H ill 0111 by lbt What ia the 1a1wer It lli .-n t The Tiley n-ellae tba t thny mut t meel u d lbe t ODi p& TDth·• e1111 of lh·111K 111 low· Nat io111l Ol!lee of tile Soeialifl Pe rty. •· Jl appoo_., to 11&1'1"'"" lertu r~• ru~ the t he pe tt y I• orplli ~ed 10 t bet tlld. tariff 0 ft!a~ Rrita l• it u high a. In There were Su lo all o ... d~1alt w itb , ~ iali•t philotoot•by ot hi u ory. Tltfy The put hH u d the . pall-tltoal 11 lhlt t ou11try r \~·by ltua 't the Demoroot (Ill- or tbe " JOIIII'illl! ol tbe •how...t that ot ber r nnl! rltioll t lte•• th ' d~ . Tb · erat lc = •jority 111 tlte DooM trl eol to 1 ;~~..~t~::-~:,~~~~e"'~~i~~=\:~~;~n~~~~ith:tl!~~l:e:~ ~::::,~i::;_"'t,.~:i•=eba;:oek...~[. '".;~: ~;~~~~~~. Jed ur• • how!!d that rl::: · •li1• on the 111 tt of • wo rtrr it •• ra re euaM:d aew. ·' '"I 111, wb.-n · ~·rr Ill • mood to be • t ~ t•liu l ·hl}()ll l . t h•• 10l.em11 godliae• ot t be •h ~J•· k" pin l( t la.., alonJt ~ODlf.tl tbe m10yor of At 1~1:d ·~:e~~~~~~~:r~h~1 ~::~i~:; plafl~b~~e~ ";!,~~:~-~:.~,~ ·~:1 laDtle . ·, J ut! . . ~~:::: !:e!;,~h:/:d: blood-mekut wtre 11ot themtelvNl J t t hev do 110t � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-09-07 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-09-07 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n014_19120907 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n014 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c9d88889eb0b573ccf6eff9a0e0f9409.pdf 562e65b53c9e18856b94068d43ca53f9 PDF Text Text Tl'l&"BUPPALO SOClAUST ·ISOWI'Im AND CON"!'ROI.UD BY ~ :WORaPIG CLASS �··;~:;:.:.~.-;~~~::.:... ..... ••· .. PICNIC Of BRANCH ~~~. .:;,:·,·~.:~.:::~::~:.:':~:. :,~:.~:~::·,:~ l llin•l"lth d1rr- 1 '1~"·1• "• 1, Qbln ! '" l 'uot~tll•h• ,lim W lllt lll!o~ hrnuJ: ht t wu """' " '"m l..•r• nl thr la.t mrrlln~. ( lu ll ,.lo n>.lllod ~··I 11 f,.w "'"'"· 1\ ' ""' 11 1 th~ t 'omuolr• In Han11olj•h 11rr "'"ll hlll "" olow tha t a IIUIIil rau lol llll~ l ly 1·11~11 ),, , Anol tho•n tb f' r(J lrn ol/11011( ruuhhr I Soti.JIIst C.Jndld.Jtt lor Ul« Jll'tsldtnf lASSALLE SEPT. ••·••k"1 .ojuuru In Th~ "'"cnn!l 1nnual . JUe nle n , b laaert !bhl of It• klad •• tbt held the •u•pi ee~~o r Bra nd• 1..:-qalleof 1Ju11'111o "illtakfo plllft'/11 Joeepb n,..,,., ll ulem ,\\·r., nur II CloM•k toonw:• . !'. Y., Su11d1y, lli!t ht, 111 12, ilelltlfledto\)Ur rt'll~tfu.la t · oabi!half of itt" .. a1oae. Tile pyramid, t he bl'llfl!tll tleflb.UI, mo.qull o, eve111 cu dalbl a ll&refrom a JIOJHT-.ltrowd ....... EMIL . SEIDEL will-'< at lj~/1 Coilwntion 21·8T Saturday Ev'a~ 8EPTEM.ER M(nwlon ·t s Cents •. Reserved Seat ~ Cenu Ticket• art (or •ale a t Soc:ia1itt R eadquartan aDd " aU A.t.o at all opm alr ll*tiap of tbe party. lit-:, 1111<1 Ia n~e of llr" 11'1111111 j.:ll ~·t-r~ <>f diMI>JO.Ohttmut. ' It wu trill! •Juitllr.ly. 111111 tlttrr I• Ulll)' OIIIIIIU taH, J'C'!'al llllf. Tlir.P lWlD"'b . . d a nd al0111 IW<> ,,...., wi•l•. l>a11r~• •••I •~t..,UII ht81111 tu ,:row "''''''"'''<'"'•Ji -othr.t amattml'nh art hthl In rhi~ hall. 1 •k rlrkia~r. Julu, howe~·er, 11 .m~t 1-... lbf'd at oa~e~ or the o wn~n tnt '" hi• nobl• froat · ia the .. 111'4!1hh tkat no mor,. lafonna tioa wao\J. '\\'bUtt Jabal.1,.r Ia tile troll.jll mund•· bt rh·ra out about t bl' ' laneaM' of Ia· iaJ ladll!tri<~~~tl~. littealllJ' witll 11 IOrt Kien~· Oint Pirlor --- -'!"'- _ _ _ u,... Jo.upla W•t• · . ...... PL&IlOOW ~ .,._ 1~ ~-c.,._, a.o., A venu. �HltSTfERS COLUM'I �I"UILISHI:!)YDELT 8T THa PllBlJSiiJNG . ........... , COMPANY · BUFFALO SOCIAUST 5lY.·e.p,...._waILUtT1p K&~Sl,..D , , . _ HanlY TUrnuu.. ~ ' A"'- 1 !ol 'W. Lp Sbw1. W 0.. ~ Ptb$1.CIO.., .,_,_.a Bl1PP'ALO,N.Y. PJtA.n uatari'RmD. - : - STUH:Dr J. Jl4HD!'f'ET, ._....__ BUI"PALO. No Y. _.a..pq-~W.Ia.n- ~· m.auerJ -. 6, IPlt, ar: Lbe pan am.:. u Bd'alo., New Yorlr, &DdeT tM Act otlC.zda a, ur:e Eaterel! u ~-d- SATURDAY, AUGUST 3t, 19J2 FOil PRESID!!HT EUGENE V. DEBS, of lndia.oa FOR VICE PRESIDENT EMIL SEIDEL, of Wixocsi:o � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-08-31 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-08-31 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n013_19120831 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n013 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/bce48a93183d6862dfd2aaa9c02ee425.pdf 3d65a6e15c9c2cbd7092133b3c34cb46 PDF Text Text THE BUI'I'ALO 500AI.lSr is 01l'Nm ANI> OONTitOU!D BY THE 1VORXJN(; CLASS Price Two Cents I �NU.GA&A. r AlllA. ' .La&lle ill IIOW a l'i Uagt to all ill· i ~Dt• u d i>Dr~ Unce Friday, AWJ· u.;c. l6tb.. About 15 o f tbe loul !o~n- leu t: 11gOlll, br. Cnf*7'• radH o..-oo p~d do•111 011 tb a uuau..pHI · brought bome aad b b -- ~;!.:~~~~-·;,;!:\o ~~==·~~~~~~:tO: :':tent1h-::..1~b~~:;~·~,t~~lritb in to t bf' t o wu _bll io ghaatly fea.r !ttt room., of the )O<";al La !:Salle up1Jall~ u would hap1oeo tn JlR-H.IIt. llowe•·er, DODt tbo we d up a nd the comrade. tb ingtpl ng t otbe degrte tblt DOt nra If tbey weu all tb~. IM"t ion of f-6.35 wu takeo . . They promi~ tO gi>·., ua a better a udieaell! nut . t irn• a ud tura out ia a b-otly. La Salle · will ~ ~~ atart gattiug red . _ __J .- & ''-P - AHSONS. '!" Pre..nt .iate of affail'l. ' llt beld all of tba political paJUM f:.:~p1 Soela llat Part y, are ff!pntellted bt tame elaN wbo )lava bH.D fooUng f'('OI'It . Jlb utt era a«~t mar ba•·e at 0 .-er tbe beada of maa7 , bel!a"IIM of bb " preel" ••·"~ "'""~·•••f11 tb ll! f111ure tboul4 111 Loekf'lll1, Ita woold attend oa aeeou al O:! tlle Fitlt: Be most bOw " Wbat'• So~ Wha'ttm•t.•• _,T hilil a eple;~rl work by John M. Work, Nltional Secntary of the Soei:IU.t Party. In k be takei up all the qu,.tlou brooabt • up by uU.:&oeialilta ud uplainr'lhem tun,-. &eond :, H e mlllt. know the cooditiODI that ao~rn the wOrkiq- olau in the UDitei:f Stata of Ameriea---eonditio11:11 whieh .U. rro..-.1 " ·bi ob wu qu i~ kly augme ntfd l •y J·~~u r!by .-.·hoae eurio!l t y I" OmJ>ted t.hf' rro tojoiDtbeerow •l-..·bere tb e lll l <'trllilll; a nti mu t u ly ad dreu'o t th e '' iaitio.~: eo mra.J.:- hf' l<l tb~m, ma a y of h ia •nllif'A at tht> old ' >araie• were tf'~toh·d_ with .. ntbup.lJUi tic a pJ>ro•·aL. 1! 1'1 '"'a i ~·Ri~ or ra l' ita liat 1-odety wu ·· lo•t·l ~· follow ...l 1 11•1 ra n leol <'O II >"Ictlon . Mu ch "''1'1 r ka a~ . 1' JI ,.'a U lliug t br. tr uth,'' •·Tba t 'a n far t ·· •· ll r llo ow1 w hat I~<·"• t ~ lk in,: 11 bou t .' · we re f tt· 'l"rnt l:v bea rd . W.•!l ..· ill ~ rom r llt lf'o ba\'e ne•·11r be.ld " murr "uerenfulno l'f't i ng. F.••erx t• ~a ".' lit~t<ll ur e wu ao ltl. ll a •l a coll ec· t oou 10.-.o ,U.k f'n U!• !her.- '" no doubt !~~~ri!eu':u~~st~~r:.tit~~: ;~mo=-D!~~~ Thir!:~ J~~ :~BJ.~~w:i-. th: development of th~ Sociafi.t PafiJ'. the political exprtllion of the WDrkiog: el.uL Be ~~l.ld re•"a ' "'I'be SocialiR Mov\ment,~~ b7 Be~. Charlet B. . Thf' ai xth ~ nnual eo o•·enlioo of l!<l ll lf' fl ~n.t .L o:nc,. o f Xew York · llni~lo.:>tl up t bt- buJ inH 8 of thf'ir t ioP on l a~t - T bu rotl a •· aft f r a '"" " '""-•~....,.~ i ou. . •· llur injl l b ~ ron •·e oti on. .ome · I u·~olu t in n• -..·er~ l " .,N' Ot ..U ..-hid.o u ua· ,.,1 ··~ry beatrd argument ~ ~~~ d ehatf'll "" In th .. . unlon ·~ "ll it ude un I'Oi i t l~ l llt\IOD t o ha ck up the1 r ID<lu U n a l d e l;fNLESS YOU ARE FA>IILL\R WITH THE GREAT Qj)ESTIOSS I N' THESE THREE BOOKS, YOU ARE NOT roiLY OO i\lPETE...~ T TO DEBA.T~. OR EVEN TO VOTE lli."TELLIOENTLY ON ·THE SUBJECT OF SQCIALISU-THE GREA.TEST SUBJECT BEFORE THE Al!EBIOA."' PEQ. . PTJE TODAY. . ' . While tb t-y Jut, tbe BUFFALO SOCIALIS'r. WILL SUPPLY ALL THREE OF THESE BOOKS FOR 25 CENTS. .. This il • · bargain in Socialin Literature: •. " ·· J111t encl01e 25 ee.tta. Say, "Send me tbe quarter eombi.nation.:' "The Work book, the Slayton book, and the "\!"ail book. ' We will do the re-t. We eaJUJOt, however, ltUI,ra.Dtet .to 811. ol'l'lers after the lal*! of 10 day. aftter the appeara.Dee' of thil •nnooncemeu.L Get yoW' order iD at onee. ADD=Sr~~TI~~L~~~JF:~ff- 80- �..... for :.... Enclosed please find ··· sulJscription t o the Bu/I'alo Socialist to the jollowinz address; t IVrlu Pfofnivl ............................................... ........ Street .......... City ............................ ............. . .J.~'anu �~-~IIAI!1I~ - ~.-.:aL.TB'YTHK BUFPALo SOCIAI.lST PlJI!IlSHING CDMPA:NY RY, E.pStr.ct.WallAitTDfH&OUI&. , . _ _ KDQtTTUT'THILL, ~ Atlck..1 SZY.&opStn.t,WHDoor BUI'l'ALO,.N.Y. l'1tAJ'K. ~. " : ' STSJ'KDIJ . ~......... . BUPPAI.O,N. Y. ~ Ptb$1.00pii'J..,, 50tU..-b,pa.,-.W. Ia ~ ~· Em.tred -.IICIJ04..e~ maun J&M6, 11112, at tiMi ~' oJBce a1 Bdilo, :SP' Y« ll::, u6er eM A.e1 o:f ~b I, :r.11 SATURDAY, AUGUST 2<. 1912 POa PR!.SID!NT EUGENE V. l?RBS. of lodia~ FOR VIC!! PRZSLDENT EMIL SEJ.DEL, of WUcoruin � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-08-24 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-08-24 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n012_19120824 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n012 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/6f33ff1e42a795e6dccf5cd6cd09fae7.pdf d46faf822b1a1055805fc338a2907646 PDF Text Text · IS OWNI!D AND COI'fJ'ROUJ!I> . · BY THI! WOIUt!NG a.AS. Price Two Ccnta �~mit:! :i<: Tblt lllfl&od a llowed the ~ll mradH ~~ell :! tieluu a nd gi" a way the • 3 a 11d Ja' t bi• maa.er set o11t alot11f I*'J>le tb.lt 'otberwl• .e ould llotbegott o by•llinl tlrk et1 . We fOt111d that it t;f8 t ed l lltu ... t among t.b .. N;~mrMe. . tat bad ru)t bd cire tab11 ny ID i ereft. i.t We ui"' 1m&11 Loeab t o try tbl1, or pi 0111 tJ~ket .. dl~ ll( 10 l'C!I III11 plf ltave it u11.Jentood with the boY• to IJin tllt'lll 1wa y •itb i'allt iO a to pro-· P""li••etomer., Lal•oftimn .ibeywlll ~OIIUl out or uurtl'ly. Give away JO DI' literature aud tab ur • rollectloll. J . t:. PAMSO~S, ~i•Kt.ra Frtlt.. ---'- - thma..l•·ul R11ndolj>b Lor•l O),..ne<l but\qu1rter• lut.Satutdllynilo(b t . Mo re ~:raft. T br~o~ovNUI>IPnt uffieitl ' areto'i"''"' P>O rtl han.fl,OI'IO,OOOin .. !;~!:: ;:~;~t~::;;-k:~ u.::.~~tr tbr 1-'if"'t : He mUIIt k.Dow i ' Wba~'. So atld '''h~t lao 't." Thil it a Hpleodi•l work by Jolw. M. Work, National Seeret.arr "'qf tbe Soeiali1t ~arty. J.o it. be takea .up all the ((UI.'ltiont brouaht up by Ulti&eialilt.a and upla~ them fully. .. thir tun1· 11 11ol tli'T\'iTP" fo r tht llut·cc"" o r t L~ '""""· Cotnt• ng11n, lluf !•lu fOWT&•io."~. You art wrl ro111 ... ~;ave Our ~~~~ ~eJ:!osJn~~"'s:!:es~7d:!:~..!:::iliti~~~!hl:b~ ':ro :C.tahllah Hu4qua.rten. i• lookin~: " ' "'1!11•1 for • u,..,, mor~ ~ni t •hl~ 1•l•n t(lrJ, fur ''"' bea,lqnn· aro.] •'ll-'' to l•f' J.,.u .. r al,lt to Sigu.-d wt .• ~':~~~ r:,~;: h'::, ;·:::•:~~~:1!.,~~~;:7~ ~~;: tlw tlr• t rue iJ .,f "l 'l•l i~a tloo' 1..-in): no,. thi~ tingul•b the United States from other countries. He ahoo.ld l"tad,/' The United States Cooatitution ; A Cla• Document, " by John W. Slayton. · · . Thin! : He mUIIl undentand the deh:lbpmeot of the Socialiat Party. the political upreNlou ol th ~ working e.lau. B~ a ghould read " The Sodal11t Mo\'ement ," by Re''· Charlt!f Vail. · • UNLESS YOU ARE FA~ULIAR WITH TRE GREAT QIJES.. TJONS IN Tf.IES:E THREE BQOKS, YOU ARE NOT FULLY COMPETENT TO DEBATE, OR EV'£!1: TO VOTE fi\."l' EL- LJOENTLY ON· TEIE SUBJECT OF SOCIAIJISli-THE GREATEST St:B.TEGT BEFO'RE THE AMERIC.A.1\ PEO· PLE TODAY. ' . · While thP.y ll.s..t. U•e DUEEA.LO SOOLl.LIST- W-ILL SUPPLY ALI';t . TBREE OF TUF..SE BOOKS FOR 25 CESTS. ·) . This it a hargain in Soci11.liat f..iteraturt. . . • , Just enel011e 25 centa. Say, " Sene\ me the quarter ~~ lrinahoo: The Work book. the S laytOn book, and the Vail book.' Wa will do lht rut. We aslioot, howe\'er , guarantee to fill ~:~m~!~~~c:~~~nltP.~eae~fy!~d:~·e·~~ ~~!e~ppeanoee of ADDRESS: ClRCULATlON DEPARTMENT. BUFFALO SO· CJALIST, 52 WEST EAGLE STBEET, BUFFALO, N. Y. ��~'rEIXLY'~TKE ,__, I!Ul'FALO .SQCALJST PUBUSHll'IG COIIPANY .5l 'W' • .&pa.t.,:W eIIAaT'llftaaa.l:ll,,.,_ ....aY TUT'TIILL. IIG-:r . Mm'ALO, N.Y. PJt,UC EH~taa'Jt~ED, 7- STV'HOf J. tu.HOIIIE'(.a-. . . .. 52 Y . E..ck s.-c,. :W aBOPFALQ. N.Y. ~PIIbSI..OOpll',_-.5i.: • ....._,.f'll'rkl..,.,ura • ~' ~' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-08-17 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-08-17 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n011_19120817 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n011 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/aa2cbc16f38276bd7e776069cdbf713e.pdf 5d94b908a2d2b96fa3e2842a593c2c70 PDF Text Text THE HOm STAJIIR ABS9lUTRY HRE~PROOF? •ototlt U.. ........ 18od&l~, WI" Mti""' tht t""' ltur W.It t.•\Miatit• ~11, S.r...t V. ~\!' l ;l,jol!ll._, ;,,. ll ll-1+1 ~ltotl•t n J a\oo.t11.\ tlllllt at ov ..,...,. dtJ>ar1- lloa.tf II!" llltlpllot, It 1\H,-.-J.N wh\ tt. •ta'" ...., t>MILiorri"C' IM """' ef 8Ut.,... aal) paUO!W ...,.,.. tal-k h l1 lhl',fi'HIIN' lik~lJ' tll.at tiM- ~n• L&..t the~ tiN! _.I'".....~I t,,u~ t .. U l u Ill'! 'l U ll t f paprr iatt.lhb to uU, tt. attetot\ool l ll,ftllo i llll; baJ'I'I" I I•Ii It 111111M I"' "'~ JNblit to all •ad! r• - ll.-~llr.t to l•.r . tb~ hl• n•'f' Ull ''"" " ~~~~rl "l'.....,_ .oti~ wllotre 111ot U""" ull ww.ltt.re •rH t.llt' tllflllMr 11"(1111.1 b.- ,Jruak, ~tllll'u i~ at llal-01, Qf ~~ " ' tlo'l' 111\':.t\lll.tl. I"'NI Nf, .. �[~:f : ;t:t};:~;~F~f.f.~f::¥:I~i i:.:~: ;:;.:~ ;~~:~~ ;:·~~:~~: i~~: ~&:~;~ ~~~~~~¥~~~11 f~~Ei~f.~f€J, ~~~~ . ::,!:" .tu ~:~~ 3~·:u::::r;b:~~~:'';:,~:~ I :~~~~~:~~;~: ~nd o\Mntf'~ o f o\BPH • ,. 1 l'ro.< J.,.N l b ll. T hr .,. ~ ,., ~ ""'<'<'~~ la•t . ,.uo u an <l .,. ~ h opo• t ill' rrluh .will 1~ t hf' ~n mf' t b l~ ,·u r. · I I lw robL&d ahn:- In~~~::!~:e.tb::::;f ;~~~:~~: p";!~t T h<' nomnl.lti oas a t f' •• f ollow• : XO k 't) l TOS' A WAN D A. ~·o r ~h ~·or - ~'rrd 0 . 8u u l e~·. t 'o r T ru on rrr- Ho.- II .•loho110o . J>&Ul JII!""reod' of \" aiel, beiDJ: tcrt'OI'I 10 I wa~ruer, _..,.d knG• t ba ~ I~ ~" .. i~ Mier to ~li d Bl!<" ,. ltJ! n lng t o ::~:;~~2. ~~:f!f::~::z·:~:: I};~,;:.: ~:~::::;:;:.::.:: ;i~~:~~~~~·'· 1•••11~~ Thf' olol U J•It a hot o pa t!lf'f a re C lo<'~iuniu j! to ••·a liN • t b".' " io 110metbi " 11 .I Uf'<;::~~ble t o Ill l ,._tall~~-- f~:?:;f;,~~~:i:~~~~~:.§~~:;f.~i I'•::~::~::: ~~:~:•:. I I DuC'&I o would take flO i c -od l - Urfll tho! · ' aild tbt ai'(I"IO .Jmplf"tbt tbe ~~i~~~~~~i?:4~~;~;:;:!~: ~~~li~~~~;;~~=~~=~- :<[""""" • •·· i:"'"ll a bN1d •··~or..l inll I<> Cit r ,\t · co r ' "''""~- l' to'liiG•. Jl ,. ; • •, ...,, .. (\ ... -~~-#-.: ' " ~- • l Wlfl t urn t h1~ i n•"•"' t l~at i uu to lli• t r i ~ t A I! Of llt'~" Fr ,...\ ~1 . •·\ ~­ .! ,..,.J ,If .1. l"'h•·"' '''" '· ~ ~ ~ .l~ :< tr;·~ t . :"\"r k"'"""· u<l•l J wi ll u r ~: e h in< t n ::o to lf th r rr i• one tbi11,11 t b t thr Alll f'Ti· " l' "'h I 'a ll•. :0: . Y 1 oun t ~· l'lt• rk- .\ 1 t h·· ,.,., _,. bo u om nf tb ,; all" a ir "' , ~ •n npi t11li~t <le1igbt/ in." it i ~ to di la tr . zr,, .I nun·• 1- _, , ,.__ ~·. 1/ _,. ._,_ :"\o. -.: ;~ 11"' " F~ ll ·. .\> -. u ol ol _•.. ~ u•l :0: . y \'•""'!!- _.,,,~ ~, ..... ~ .... P o~ltt• · t - l lo•n "· To•!lf• ··• ll •, !.:1 ,._:d lo•. :"\. • \' Cor<nwr- . <olo•t aiM1 f'XJ"'Iiiii C 0 11 ho1l" du r1~· h t- 1o•·e• i•. will thf' t b" .t:ran•1 old ll a,ll'~ il f' wou lo.l .t:el in t br ni111t1 to ra.l1,!' ro uad it, nn~· l u h ~ t . wr t bia lo it i1 uot too tri bnt f' t o !'~~.'" hi• b ero~ur , it thu he i1 " Ul inr to leon· ~ of battle. wbere 't ool • t "IT,. \JF~" l t " E,.:, 1 ro "''"" A lin e u :a mpl" of ri1·ir bonH t,!' llghtlnK,, j Wit to JO to ~b•u r-.l ... hn t:. l'>t t>on•. :-;11. u u.; a rttl un •1••• t h<' rP 1•ital i•l •Y~t., ln the n lly roua d it / He~we ... er, l•l•O!o . 1_ :"\ o. I•:!:L ("fflR t A•cllUo•, :O. o o\ou \ot l! <'r h h n p :'\oa.:~ora Fnll•. :'\ . Y. ) [., mb-,r• oft"ouu r.•' c .. nun iltl't·-.1011<'[•h J . ;-lh;.• r.,·OO<t. :'\ u H • Tho f<l f< tr l!<•l ; ti••urge \l arobt'll, ::-; ,. ;; :• ,.:,., •'h h'< 'll th "'''~ rl : G eor}:~ H Har n•·• . .lr .. :O.:u. H li Frfth :,>t .. Xi:a.t:a u Fa U•, :0.: _ \ " 1(11 11 10: , lout t he t h~ ~oo~[ , Ill< t l" ' qu~t io n r~ "'' !:•'' a • u ffi r i ,.n t l~- ~q"'" '' ·l ~a1 to ·,11,...- hun to ['t(H"f' hi• c ha r}:~~ . lt i1 n loud thin.t: to bf'a t a b unth uf l" tOO k~<l l "'liti~ia n~ Ill aa r t im ll', • ..,.n if u ugbt rro! h11 n d t~L t "t oln s ,..,. \" urk City i!fi·~~~·:f:;i:?:.j1:.~~~r~~~~~t: f.~~i{·:~·:~l~E%:~:r:~:.s::l: ~f·t;~i~li:.~;~.·-~_. _ ... . ,_.... ~ ~~:,::E.';~~~~\~~,:~:.~:_;;:~~· , ~~~~h::~:;~; ~ ~~~~h~~:"~·=.s:: ~= ~W~t!! Com- . :!:~a~~~~ :;~!~~~rl '"'''"'' '' 1~••· 1 ~::!::-:::_ ~_ut h 1\' a~_d . ~ 1 a tl•_•: "· IL t ~:•,k •" · ~"- ~ 1 pa oy ' "'Vinl:l" . kn ow hu"' to h111UI"' 11 I n~ lt a1i!l n• for _fae tCI"; wo rlt :.; ,,, ~ Mr :o ~ t rrt·t. :0:LU j.!•t:l t • ll•, :S. \ , few ]' UIIk [OOhh ta l au ePO,. whr. n thr:<" fr~ tran , (OO rta lloa , t~ per I !- ~ur nrn• l•'~~~:~-~~~~~:· .•· ou· : ~ t~~:~ t~~:~::::::~~o;;~l:~:~~~~ ;:i::::..-~~~~~~Ei~~!~u ~'11\l k"" "' t hlll th t• ~_:00<! ""\~· .."~:~:: h:;~/",'7~ 1<•1 work i• un d•·• t tbr "'""""II" in l lo•l · .-m lu~· , ;~n ~::~·:~~- ,:~1,1, u! tb~ ·Hter.l' .<'onrl'•"·~· ·• ':;~ ~~~; :t~~:~::. l>oob•. Impat ien t for · r.1~t i~e~ T wo 111lll.ion •'oLen a t:e hilt n!ady 111 e ..t SM:Ia li-' ballot&. & t f Bt ~i~k:~dt! 01":::;'o;";::e~';! ~::~~"!~U~~~=';,~f: lt!~= , cue nand for neth1ar. We 8oeial!.ta hltlllt If.!' t H rl!bt t.ob witlr.le !lot n•~b of theae l'otut boete~n ,.-,.-e.., t-. Oou co-opera lhe pcLbl'lbl., ho.,.e' bouvbt tbe AJ•~l '• ~k bl>l - i - Ol'f>f tb re. y eoon a1o, ud pub!isiL jltactiee u'r all the. HF.AL 80CJALI8T BOOKS. h t iLl• a. - - :~ntN~:~n•:e~r~~f~~ i:,~,:·\~0~" =~~~:;d ~~r.::f. &N:ia1~m. · . nv:B cmJIT BOOU BY ·DBBS " 'ilh o.on<' "l'l"'"rin;: •<> fa r . r 1h "tad, h !1 II prMelll adapted to p111 pa,. men t or bell. ~::~:;~.,~~"·::::~;:~:.:·: :~~~t~~~:~ ~harlo~ton, ·Y•:~A11l ~t. uytb~llg ~:::~~!~:~~:~~~~~;:: W. .,,;,b :~·~~·:r:~;:;~. ',~~:;~:~~~~1 ;;~~k~~ ~:~:·~li:l;~fi~•P:;~n !~~kli:~at ~'t~~~! ~ ·~;. 1~:: 1 ~: ,:;::~ ~·;:.~:ta':!i~\.~~ 01 1'~~~<'~<\ 0':;·,-it~r•So:-~ ~; .•:::·. ~~t':~·~~:b:~:~:".:~•I;:! antb:· ' 4 • . o ne mult tt'- 11 t b<'m wbat i;O.:-t a\d,. b•ri-'CI t b u~ · of t t.. OJ~ rat ora ea.lled .Th• onlr iujg:etloD tbQ Jnq I• , .,.u,. mu ,.., thtn th<'y are rH •I.!' to " """• rd•-" . ~'ff.lini is intr.n.t' ap~lld to ldt ·hla toUO'Wen ill < >l•dDHIII' ttor k. to t he lltaod a rd . Comrade n , ,l. t he ~aro 1 • Ill 1>&rll~ ula r, • nd no_t~>t~ · "FMd m1 Ia mbe." Ptom tilt ¥•• ~:u ~::: ::~h:i1~ :8~..~_ - th~ ~~~e -:;;:~ enAt:~~~~ ..:: _:;::~~•11 b::~ minen ~; .. ~·~~:c:!!~. th~;~:. ~:.~u;. b~':_ 11011 :at~~· ~-ow1 ,1~~~bf,: ~::a;i~~~~~~ ~~,:l~i~;~btb:u ~:~:·~"'~ •'ra Dklr now; -. U t u lh• )! ~<.Iiila, !\. Y.. R. F. O. J . U. L I:."TTS. - i~~~~~m ~~:·i~::ti::y.o~t ~::. 1 ... l:=a~oo:e ~~;.o:, -:~~~~,~~l!.} :;.;r dillern e. 1:1~=11-'1~:t~1e ~~ ~~:,~~~~ ~~~ ::~;;:,P;:~ca;.t:l~elbt ~ t:o:-:t:: ,\.,::: wo r k~rt of lh• wo rlll would limply t ohl ro r the wor ltlnr dul n t be ldeo ll· )'CN produce. 'l'lle l:l«iallllt ' tb<'ir aun • f or tbl t tew'ith e~ f. t ime. ty ' ' of U 1>ital e lld labor. • . YOU to pt w1Lat yoa prod-. T biok it our. de~ 10!1 1tladf A ~ 1"'1 Pa trDn.ise our ad~~Mr~. tt.llbe t H fCIOlpy foroaeot th!t old 8u blc ri ~ t or tile Bdalo aod&1IIL e~tllen lo do ~l.bwiNt~t aJ-.,-. prer-id t <>r ao ~ .. ,. T!IJIII!ftU.t,i'IOtrAL SOOIALIBT UVIKW Tllil • • Ddred ·pap .1U111ttated -ru~- ..-iU-for t lle"IIUt -=r: t...- , - •t.. ~"':':' ::e~.. ';.r.::~~~~!~!: ~.~\r:!':.~ J O for ~ et11t1 ; 20 tor • 1; more et ~e -- rate:: · Ka/t~~::~~~E~~r::-~~~a!!rl:::!,·~:.;;~..~~~ ~:: " B~~Uf.w~oiB;;:::~~ ~J':'.:.:::.~t •pedll prie-,_ aad Jet bo.,- wiUo IL l"'ou Will b.ne ,-our a nd • rnn t in ual "ftre ,. hvt IIJI ~n botb. bet ween the Rt pobliean a nd ~iolr• f rom a mb.,.IL. Tb rH l~d ... ra are partlel f .Jut th ~; The a rnuu.: tbe wou lld~\ 1o0 far. ,,.rty WLIIbo tilt bir ca p.ltaliat. 100 POLITICAL A~ EA L TO AJIEK[CA'for WOR KE RS. By Ea l '''"' \', O..bl . • HOW TO 1KlCK. S,. Bc!Mrt ...!yH Ll~on te. • "BRE..UDNO UP THE BOllE. . By lf.ary E. lla rcy. lll111 tn.ted. THE 8RRillo'ltiNO .DOLLAB. By P ILilllJIII Bu..eiL IlltutnLied. WHAT '1'0 .BEAD ON 800lA.Ll8lol, B,- Cb r1et H . Kerr. A ·-p)e M1 of tQM 11'1 bollb -.;Ill be mailed for 10 enu; 100 • ~:8 ~:C~'~: !/o~~s::e:e:~,:=~ ~~c~::; :~"~"!.._~-~ ~inf;_:~1 _;!'~'~. ~~: :;•!::..,~~ ~~ecb:'on~\ ~=~:t', to boot0 J:~ ~~l. ; . CIIUP JIII0110B '1'0 OIVII AWAY the earlb l1 not a Ou r • := ~!~kf:v ~: 8 Libert)", Th Craf t Uai o• iut. .,. BeJt1y to Jobn ll itdaell," · <..'!&11 Unio11lua , Th e Oro..._ll ot 8odal11111, lDdult'rial U11lonb 111, l ' oa Rallt(ll.d 3olt.n, Be~•olotlo..,.,- Ulllolllam, Tlil Americu )(o\"U IU t , ·· we will ~~ • -P~fJ~ ~d;~wf!:rt~n UICirteil eoplaf. t or t l ; 1;t00eop!01 ftlr t7. e•·cr i ll ¥ > bM\~ to ' "' rn tb" 01"'" a ir, but lh ~ ~~ti::~t::;:j __ BJ' J'Diul. X. Work. &rue ot our c1.,1ca1 b ret lln. n ~:t~~~~-~ ::·:~: ~=:~~~:::~:i:~~:~~:~ :.d ~ ~ :.~:~ :=n::::~;e~::,:b~ ~~: :~~- 1:~:;; ::.,:~:.b; 1 1 ~:·,',~~ ~ ~ :a:·;·:, :~~~~ STRIKING MINHlS ~· !::~~~. ~·l.ing ur ~"l · FIGHT MIUTIAI m u~h .. ~ rBOOU .A.T 10 . OE1n'8 L'I"DUBTRIA.L BOCIALJBM. Br W a D. Ua,.-.oo.:t a od Fruk Bolla. I:IHOI' 'tALKIJ ON EC0!'\0 ).llf..:8. By )lary E. »arc_,.. By J Uift Oo DDolly. TH E Q U ~TJ<lli_BO~~ J:!.V t'!'a~k ll, t:aal,!'ood. ~ . T HE SOCIA.pSTS; Wbo T bll1 Are 1 n~l Wba t Tbey S tt ad "Pe~r. By J obn 8 JIII TIJO. , TirE 81'RES OTH OP T HE STRONG. B7 Jeck Londo11. " THE COll.MU:n .ST YA ~"IF !ln'O. B1 ~r1 Y.an: a"ld Fnderit.k :Eapla. We wiU m1U te n e~f tbHOO 10-een t boo b , out \dpiJ or uaoltld, f~ 00 een!l'; 100 fe~r 6:1. r a • 1 . ,r BOClALJf:I.W ¥-A-DE E ASY. ~~::~o:~~·:l:;;,~::e0:10::e"~le g;~:i~·;~;~~~~:.:~:::: ,: :f::~3~fi ~;~~~·;,;~:~=;.~~~: :=.;~~~·~::. ::~::::.::~: "'"' ;~..~(:~':;~~;~..-.:. ~:.:·~:·•~. as~~;':; I;;:,:·,~~~~: :1:1:•~~~;:::~:~~ *!~ h~~~~~;~ ASERMON fOR PREACHERS t:. (;h ur~ h 101 W<'> t ~ h rlh~· . hu 1"0l''" ' Y un Urynnt ~ITC<'I . 8 1lJlinn ai"• J,; 11.,u~- •·olun l<"t' tt'tl to OJ"'" t he ha ll. ll ~ .l•u~i.ll l!t'l, •." '1 t bi• iJ r ~1_'i t a li 11 bu• io~!L 1o 11 , , . ,.. ta lenl<'<l •11f'a k.·r: bol•l• hi- I t •• tloeor j:ll lllt - \\Jil t br worlun g • TIH! 00).1).(0N' S ~;NS E OP 80CTAL18 lf, 8 7 J oh S~fJO· P HI~CII'LE8 o•• BOLEXTIPIC 80CI.ALI8l.l. Ji1 Be,-. (.'11adet 1L ' !ell We wi ll tend t 111 of theH !!S..,enl boob, ooe ld11d or -.rted, by es:1rr,.. I'"'J•id for fi.SO; 100 f or fi :?.GO. • " • ~~:~::: ~-111 :1~1~ ,,:':;,~,:• t:~(~:~~.~-, .,~6!:;:~ ~;:: :••::;••:;·~~~;~~·;:: ~a~~-:i ~:' <'flln;-n~i:,;.':k:..;:" oiHp;,.i:::::.::::••~:. tb~ .\t. BOOU AT 2&~ -~:;.:r~~~:~~:t:;.:~ :r~~":b!=~~ ~1 w.._ E. Bolla. ;: •- .r Mell: Wore y on bow- It, ~b~;,o;,toU::;,:!:; ~c:.!;o!t:-.~J>!':or":.~~ 1~o ~ T'&tl tioo -IIO;f,:.Pf leue boob ud. map&!- 1ril)L yfJflii a e-.fadtalar te~ ~ot~:=;~E.ia. 8o·DIIb. • y., .:S11 .. b riPt.' E,. ouCe ten.,- of lit.er'-hln b t U .cwt d eetl,-e "nrk. Try It, "alid tU ..-It ill .be of dort tor Bocl.U.. 1itUJ eoa nt ~ 1"'' .. 11111"M" bffore, lllld'tL: -t· No,"etAher wiD mab yM~ llllppy~ • ' - · ��§~--~~ . . .-~ PUBUSH&b WllGtl.Y 8Y TH& · BUFFALO. soCALIST PUBIJSHING COMrANY ,.._,_....I SZW.P.qk;Stnolt,lrd&c- . »Wp, ~PoDD• ..., otbft ....._dt:iellllll'l .... tU BUPl'ALO,N,Y. MAJtTUI Hae&.ll:lt. P....w-: P1tAHX IIHJtUti'1UllD, T .. _ KAMRY T UTTHJU..,,........., ST&PMBMJ,IlAllm'fKY,- ...... ..,.., ~·~s~!:~~.u~P'S::~:!·. otaa:rter&DiocrQ'aPu4-ll o:atbepart.f>!p. ........ . Zotn'ed u toeOad-c,lu. mauer luae 5, ttl!, u the paL oftlce at. Bnfl'alo, No" York, 1lD4tr t he Act ot Hueh 8, llml apWt. A:erleu ~ Mea.,. tM ,..nr. Qrw4 - to oD tile dr.rt conan ud. f11 pu~ pben bl. tlle t'lu\llftlmc. ot tl11 c&lllloofmaioD111L SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1912 FOR PR.ESJDENT EUGENE V. DEBS. of lndiaaa FOR VIC! PRI!SlDENT EMIL SEIDtr., of Wbcoaait.l :\lr. Smith'H pri vate lll'<' r e tary hall written 11 \' ~·n· · touddug lt'ttcr, 011 the eubj ect. whi uh hall arui 111-ut to cn~ ry n ,gistHed Sot·i11li11t, l!!lling how 1'lwo Lecal Olaft.. . A jud!e ...Dtl a little mo11ey "on TlALL\' CLASS GO \'ERNUE'-' T ! ~~~~~~~~~·· \l~~~t- isT~~=111!~"{oh!t~~~~~~f 1 ~!~11 ~a,l a rubber 11tamp :~~~: Co••lln''''nufln Bertw r .'\uw im't tlmt rt•ul Ill!.'•' of :\l r . Smi t h. lhf' 11 on. :\l r . Smith. r l' lllt·m l,.-·r tlu1t th~· t.~•or kinf( t·lu}j.~ i~.ou eu rth onrr inn. w h ile a1~d. 1.-t h is s•·•·rdur.•· mulli~r11ph s11d1 !\ llll'e lettt·r to the atllilfltt!d Socu,hst \'OIH~~ \\'li ,l', uf t'<>llr.t•· il i~. :::c b.te «.p•"h•t da. rule Naturally, !he up•tallet " ao t rulms tor the mue fv11 of n~llac IT 18 RULL""O FOR WIIAT THERE IS I N J'f~lt TH E SPOILB OF WARt AND ll' T.IU1 i1 Ml! . WE HA\ E NOT TH'E INO DES IRE TO RULE OUR bl\ m T JJEN 'l"E ~ HO UL.D SERFS lX D EEDI · . WORKJNQ CLASS: TAKE POSSESS JON I ' . . · •. . , j T eddy seems to fiud Teddiaes in proportion to the amount of POLITIOALL\'1 -:::. :;:~::t;:; :! u!::!P:~u::P~:!•',:~,';.;:::: ~: ~::,~ A~~~:=~~E OP .. "1: 1 :\lr. Smith.-beg pnNion.- th{• lio n. :\lr. Smith. feels lik!> he-He gela them. wrll . h \· ft:ds som.,thing 1ndu l. when .. ,·er he thinks of the aged. ne eorpotatiov tl •lt·.~n't .u~y nny t hli1g ubout 0\l' lll'!'l<hip or th e tools of.~ produ c tion , t 10 ~ 1 1 u1 g to nat, or da1ag hy t he \l:ork ing !'lll>i.~. 110 th.at th., wo ~ kin!l:. clns11 ~lUI t ake Cl!.re 1_1r l "iolen~ e. uh for prot ertio11 tro111 own, II!Zctl or youug. but u!lywny he ~ t;OlllJ.: tO \'Ott fo r the b1 1l a ' rourt. lt tloHII't ~et it. n. Ena-ti&k l.Mr.l of la<)ul ry wblc llo beftl fo,.l•l oV('r tbe wne.k of tile laat bnu1llt io ao ollldal ,.,.. Th~ fou:~~i::)lcefc~~·::::~ <lHp • ..J~~~~~~~~!~IIIo:jun~i~:ta~':;, :~~;. 1111 ~:Re:~~.h:t':~it~~~~~~ '"~"•in~: ul' in '~" ill<lumial "'Orld, T....- 1ing Ann.:r, Gu·••. "'.•"Y, World Pc~e~, ~~urged, •nd 11nw ~be day of :~~;,;;~;;;·~;.:;•: ·~: :, : :~o "(,~' ;~;,;, ":~·;;,i;',~;;;~, ~·~~'~;;:\~' ,•; ~: '~:f::;:~~~\~;, :~:"~~;:~:g::"::: :g;,:~~::;~:~~~:u:::.~f,·;~~·~~ ;~~'::;2;"·:::t~: 10 rHDI&I midget• 1 ' omi11nn• wuTH I to roti>Pt'f\'nth·e ~u~t<><liant t Tlu• 1! tqe dmllr hill Ia a l111d 111 • ·hlcll I of th~ old ord~r . bet "I""" <'llr• att 011 .,,t J •·.,..,·et<l'igu. ~i t il<'lll' ' are ~~bl on elet· With. J u d ge Ar~hhald nn•l Jo.dgr 1-Iaufonl in. the spotlight the thr~· h ll li~e •trai"" or um •i<', ~Jn« 1 1loll. •I•~· hk e T"- 1111....-rt! mul~. acd. ~be jntlicml Jacka81le~ urc lill r e g•·tting tht• j)eople WTIIC to thei r , wny~~o. tb ~ ... t>r<><li ~o,.,au ~ hr,.at bin~o:• hut l~t ohn . Jl~'dellt! 1100'1 to the ra~~g of poh~•l Lc! th•·r,· ht! all the light th,• re i~. It tt1 kes a lo t to get through the '"" •"·••••n iuJo: of bum.aity. ! por&tet that ea n m•h lbe hugnt pole put 1 ii(' 1n1ry. Tbe ••i rtb is now 1nbduf'd • n•l •t,.e.~ l 0 f boodle. . . , _ i~ no mo>te. WarTi n ~t n.lio118 In! beiOI[ I Of oueb II \ be klntdom of "P'Ialum M ldil'nl. st· IN•t.-·J for th,• "wnr ga 111e" Ill Cll!D p Douglas, Wis., w~ld~ into oa.,, TM human ra« io i11 e'<'l!r! laod 011 tile fate of. tbe <!ar'lb. got !W drunk the~· w ••r 1• not nblt! to cond uct the murd er·p r nc ti ce. to be a t lut. tr iu~pb&nt. . . . . And ~apitalian u ~iag run ita e'<'O.lu· Auolht' r "~trgumt'nt" why BuiTHi o s hould ha•·e 6,000 of th e m per· Tl~ Lout lm~"'nn~;: aut tletae!•• 11nkl11& t ooruuy I'OIIne t.a.. son•. ~; t.ll.iek whcw·n·r 11 workingnu111 \l'n.o; h it. it wou ld tl rnw th e gore. mruu: ntly <'RIIlp.:-(1 here! Ami now it :u~.7~ ~~~ ';.'::;.:":~!';' . i~ l'ltllr~l'll that the Southe rn Pacific hiUI 100,000 ...The ~om ~:r~~~~~::~•tl tt~\;::~i:1~ 11 :: 1 h nl~a~o ;:~t~~ ·~~~r~~a:;: D~~~~~l1le t~~~t~~~~: lb~\'~~o~d·~:!le, of '? i!.m real Oa&M~ throat., but t.be I'Oil• of fa !e tlsbtero aLout them. Tbtoy to&,·e had th.ir dliJ', •!litem u~ bld it• d1y, a11d look 11pon the lut--ne ot tbe wide , ,..~! ol C.pitalitm. . Tb• Tramp, Tnmp ot lAbor. . llear yo~, ·C.pital ian, tbei r "'"'~"' '' I R.i,ooo 11 .:rour dr•q: groaa ; re>·!r:: lut ue Ju .eowad•et•Oftll mullipl1· 7~~~-:! C::.\N&, I tbil breaking up ot fo:: ·new n. l'l'.., fnr«t~ F~ llue \\'ar, with all it• n.,...ge horror•,... The Hi malaya of t•riute weallll ia ,....,i na! io n~, ~1-'lub)ng wilh brain• aro<l . tott eHrog al ill but aad the &byia of Tlw ••apillllist ~·ity JtO\'e r umenhl tt•rn~h us that th e wr~y to d ea l Llood 1.he di•·ine right to rule; nnnuh, i~ •eadiag up ill ;r..rai11p, with tlw Kit uuti o u wh('ll we lliscon~r 11 leper among 111:1. II to pn~~o.<~ 1 r iutinl!~• ..toootinl!"... berinJ;t~~, J>n li.-., ~,,,.. , Sometbing huiottogiTewaya 11 dthat hirn 11 ]ong rrom Olh' (• ity to 11nother . So long as he gell!l out of tow D. · ing•, <le!!titutina, lirflltionll!.,.., cul"li"K" ...,.,11 , • t he e11pitulist 11Uihuriti1·H do not ca re hot\· man~· peOJl]e he may r and •ll the ~"inll" of t~e •·it· ! T he u 1oilaliat •:ra•~ of prodUL":tin 11 ia ,..,..,.rt,. 1 ;mx:.•;!n!ure:,e:u:~.:~·::::r;; ~:.:~~:: ·~ath di.I.U!a; :roo ll.aYe a wori4 to ' ~;:rl:~:"'~w=k:~ ~:.a: outp...a tbe old !.be which it l1111< no rif.!'hl. myriad tbeetf.cttb&taobool,. ..,., .. tll e'lilnn r r,nti:Jit t:ui'MI1'e A1 tloh I'"" ' ~~~ 11111 retlde , oobooly ru btl puldit!dt til~ l'iloo bat•(t bo.,llnr for a~~otllu 1'iet:\rn fl)r blood ' t.h\1'111 •lilt COIIU~ tilelll• witb ~bu•lvt' ~rd• for the thuq E•·err Sod•fi•t kae.. wllat; t bt' alnllin1 of tbH Tiuo11ie tllat an of t hl boa r.l• nf laqahy wcrdd "Ill aot aeriootl;r &Ifact •rs'~-9' world. Tbe tl'lUIIp, U'.,l!• tr11111p nf ~ lnr •·or•lag elAIII i1 lleatd eutlo. Tql~r mlllio~n otauo~h ~d I ftadoin&:: <'!ts &Jiol bean a u ·onl', ~~.::;::;:·tiM! '"'! , t t.> ill dilui· for' "" •·•····"···• '·•····• Uberty, we ha'U t.h.e lmpettal l'lliJU of ' Tbete amllt loc rel ief or thl'l'e wltl bot Sodallst } I0.--111, the wurkinli' Or* LDd Gn.tt. • a nlplllri! of utcrif!to aod b~ \' _],, t~r wo rld , whit.b i1 e11P1in g to t&ke S:andar•l Oil, Tmst T imltt.r Rohberieo, \ The. worklll& d.aa nM4 bu\ eoroaume "''''"ina 4f tho, .,·orltl aad Lio.uol l' ifiU<"'. }'re nlif'd f'in iD(e, T ru~t l •hat the:r prod~• a.ad all ta ;,all. to bnmaaity. .•,.,,,.;••! ;·;:.:;::·;.;,1:11 b;'ju~~~~.•:!u o;::-'"' ·:~:;-,.. Tilt' workllll da.. II o1o•l7 to rte.llr• t llat •llfll it 'll'ill... make thlurtll.a ..tr pia~ f w dwoellnpoa &1111 theN& a .at• IIJ>na ll'hlell to Y'011oit. ,u,;ulet, &11•1 011e ot t h•, wbobe III!De)ew, lriittl'd 0• borin1r J ~==================================:====~J"••:r"i'r"- t~ TESTIFYING FOR SOCIALISM tro•t,!Dd .olthe car _~ Ullin~~: &\oovt Tedd.,? '• J:.la111, • p,_.,..:u,alld whu Toejl4T olo!ntbt tl"'l•tJ,a~:~d "b•tTf'tlilrdo 10 t'h ~lit~~ aol IUUHMIIII. Fo r •···nrs p lt~t. tlw Socinlists of Buif11lo amltlw rest of the worlJ hlt\' t' 1.,.,.11 lryinl! tn 11nprt•S'I upon tlll' workl'l'!l thn t th e y. and th ey ltlnu•·. hut··· !m ilt UJ• th·· ~r•·nt t.tU siut•s..o; cu t .. rp·rist';o ; thnt t hey hn,· e ht·t·ll r·· ~] '"n~ihl,· fo r th e• dt•\'t'loplllt'.llt of KOt· iety from tho• "rude ~ta~es wlu•r,·iu ,,.,.j.ofl· ·~ m•·.,ns ,.f lil'o• lihood Wll.~ p r otlm•,·tl with n ll;,hing. rool. t.nw 11 m! ;trr"''· or n ··•·oolio•tl l<li t•k, ..:nll~>d hy t•m trtl~~· a plow. T h·· work in..: ,•]u~~ l m .~ r• •fll!<<!d to he cO ul'int•cd. II Btl. rdyin~t upon ~~j·;,:~ ·1;\',·,:·; ·1 :;;''',',',:''\J', :~\:;:~/~;,·.:~, ~~~~~·~t~!~Y U~1·;,· ~.,: ·~·~~::"'~;.;"in1t: ~:;: / ''"IIJli' N<tr lo rnllh" nf l h·· mu.o;.to· r,;. <of the·breRrl, w~o have ~r11c i o u sly c·OO!-of'lll•·•l '" u•·•'•'!•l tho• •· m•tnhuuons of the working c lalloi . .\' ull' ..tu n·· ~ tilt' tliii iOIIII<'t'lll._.lli uf 11 reforesc utati\·1! of th e mAster ,.]11,.~ it~··lf. \1 ho t•ostitit•~ 11~ fo ll ow~ : ' · Th·· l •u~iuo·.~ nf tt .. · \\'m. !l .. nge rt·r Co. h &~~ b('t!ll bui lt 1111 by the faith ful o·O·il Jwrll !iO II ur it~ t! ltl]']{lyCt..'ll, 1111d Tht!lllllgllilud!'! of ita futu r e ol l' po·ntl~ upo11 11 t•o utiluuniOn of th i11 spirit o r hel pfuhle&'l. '' . Thi" i" th •. sul}l!tRtw•· of a .. urd goi\·en to Cl't.ry e1.nployee or the 1\hOH' llll'llt iOIIt~J <'OIIIJ'Hil~' 011 a r ~t·n ! pny·dfty. Qf OO UI'!U!, the plJr. p05e of th .. end WI\~ to .~ rir n p th l! enthusiasm of the employet11. 10 1.h11.t t he t· w o uld J•rtutil <:•· 11 l11rgcr 11.11101111t of KurpiU!f \'alue. Ol'tr a.nd 11hove t h,.ir Will:•'" ··•w h w••••k; hut wludt:l'(' r might be the purj)()8('., is lJI:! r l'l'lf IO pron• thi• trUth of w hat the Socialist¥ hi\'C bei!.U ~yi n g right •"loug ; " T I1e l m~ino·,.,; lu11i ht.~ll t;uih up hy the faitbful eo. O f ~e ration o f its d npl oyN.,;." 11 iii nut diffe r e nt f-rom o th e ~ lm~;i n esa ,.11 All ilid 1istry lm~ J.,.t:n built 11)1 "hy th e fatthful eoOfJoe r lltion or its e mp l o~·eea. " Hut , tlo the fui th ful employt•t>S who hnilt up th e husi n eu own tt.rpris;:t;. or 1111\' j>ltM of it f · Sprin~· ; or iu :\ I a~&. lt. r~a lly d.Gl'"!l.'~ make m~ ch difference where hP it. or whet her Ius .. hnlhant mmd 111 ou the JOb .or not. The only thi ng that rea ll y nll\ltf'l'!l is; •' Are tho· o:•uployees h.Jthfully eo-opera_t.· ~h~~~;ali 1 t u.ya; " They could oo.operate for theumelvet: aod own t_b ~ product of th r..ir e().()per!ltion jm; t HI w ell as they could do it for .somebody el!!oe." But t hen. ~lou know. Socialisla u e sud1 q u ee r people! They have I:IU Cb pat'!uliar IIOtiOp.ll. ! Just 8s lli?ugh anybqdy t:!OU)d eo-oper ate without turning OTer tb1• product of hlll l11bor to· somebody who · ing on Dela"·are a\'en ue: <' l'i•110 Co-JA II'1 ot F't. W•7•"~ ~~:~~.·:~r:~ ;,".):..~:· . \\'J1a t th e,\' ge t i~; ,.nouJ,!h in Uw way o f w a g es to k et!jl hody and ,;oul IO!f••tbe'r from WN: k t o t'n!.ek_ . Well . thf'n. who does j.ret th·· pruduet of the ffltthful co-opera· tion of thl'k fAithful e mploy l!elf ' Oh the m11.11 who owruc it. lie 's in E urope, pe rh aps; o r in H ot · ;:.:~~t~~~~~ ::,~·.~e1 r';;':.~;· I tbe ' roo-u.ll•l T~y lo r ''Jeleo\i'11'-, otberwb• •t•'. Uoe ..c rkera, l)f' nte· for~~~to t~!.7$- orpai"'*•Rnloo ' p~ptl7\otlc ~' out. -:;.hA" are oe'lf' '1111-'!)}.qa 1'4.fl' . baril nbjut ol 1 i.cteatllle uwaer- t. .~~t;e tom~:: .~19 tb'(' mn1t � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-08-10 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-08-10 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n010_19120810 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n010 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f50ba6e3c397847cb7422e4fb4d03a2a.pdf b32fbeb1a899b72bd86b2146dce57bfe PDF Text Text l I~JWJ~·~llAM~ Val. 1-No.' BUPFALO, N. 'Y., AUGUST 3, 1912 TRI! !WPALO JOCL\LIST .u-OYI'm> . AND COI'ITitou.m> BY THE WORI:ING <l.4Ss ~ Price Two c-. �JS.A1E:D, .N, Y. • -" big.' •trHt ~iai - . held at Barkt'r, :S. l' ,. oo S.turU~~oy, Julr Ocna. Lemh of Lod1 port aatd Com. M•· hoaey of Bolralo tpOkt- to a large au~i­ <'111~ illi~ tile.• tU'Ht Wi lli a U (U:It h ·e U.teoen. ll•a:r a otoi t ta •I;OP!l•ed 11p to be-.r d 1l tali, nd l be trowd wu a \"ll.ri...Jon('. ll uy frD\ 1 pid:~l'll an lA 10"11"11 waithiJ :r. ebaDtt to 11:0 to .,.orlr., anU •111oug UNDERWOOD .TYPEWRITER I· "' lbii'D1 1f!1'eral , wf ll\'ei"HHCC ' ' r~a.'' A li'H'al 'I'U fol'tllecl aad a good t lart U UJ~Ied to be gh·e11 tb t mo\'1'.111~1 by t ba.e tl'bo ta rry u~1 frC1111 c:ities. The CT« arowiDg dtmaad pu_ta the -~uJ tala -or U"odenrooda far ahead ,Or those .or aar other mat;liiae ~ raa.kiac ~ the largest \rPewn~ t'actor:J aud the largest typcwrit;er offitt building in the world, t Ex-cur·sion liTER •• A880CIATIOI OF IACHIII8T8 . For Elaht: Hour Defen- Pund Sat:urday Bv•n1nafA.uau·at 1.,., 191~ &-u •'Ol&t.ooe. l"b" ud "20th CeutufT' .. ~" foot ol Am~m SUM& 8:SOJ>, ,Ji.tl!Jrp, TICKST 28 C e.<orn<a, O.ng ln• . •nd .00CS M~IO J, J, QtTtNN ,f 25 COOS- OOR BIG *1011 01110- 25 COOS . The Cooi "Kaiserhof' Entrance on Purl Street Bal!alo AJHI I fw all Jtuula &-tltd Je ..llb hpen. 1bpdah te>d t'er\o41ciiiJ . .dDbtcrlptloDA and Adt'enlalnf; 1'a1r.ea. . S. ·•·--I T'nhon.n n•• BRODY OI...,W, 01...-.tte• and Ru. .lan Teu Bell Phooe, Boward 7a4-J. Street.. Cor. PNtt, YruCider JllOf B utr.lo, N . Y. TWo mlll looa 1'ot1111 art- ilalf r-.ly to tut 8od -.1Yt ba.1lota. Bat lr.t- : ~~k~i;'r!(l.-!::;o:a:::.~e~: ::"l':'i:~·!~~~~!:':..~~!~~= <!ue ataa <l tor aotil lo1. We S.C,IallftJI DliJII Jlllt Ute rtpt ' - h wlt illa Ole r~tll of Yetter. before So1'eabf:r. Oar ~:•oJ"ra t l ... JMibliBiq llo- boos"t tbe AI>Jit!al'• book buai•~ oftf U!rM yMn qo, ud we J>ubiYb r•rad k ally aU tile Rt: AL 80C1ALl8T BOOK8. h 11111 a aawote- t._ ~:•ts';t~!'a;;,.:~t~t:O~ "'r:.7~~otte. a~~~:;d,:~re:.~,! 8oel•litm. BOOD AT 26 ODT8 TJtE CLA~STRU OOL E. By Karl Kauttty, ttaDIIlatH br W111. J::...Boll11. lSDUBTR IA.L: PHOBLEliS. Br S . A. RlotM. rd.0~ TilE i:ollliiON 8£S8t: OP 80CIALI.IJ),f, By Job 8pa,.o. PJUSClPLD:I OP S<.'lESTlJ'lO SOCIA.LISll. lJr Be••. Cllar'- H. }'aiL Wt wlll Mild teD of til- e5-teat booU, (lae or aaortM, by iiod ervr-J'"JIIIldtorN.!IO; l OO fortl ~. BOOU AT 10 OZln'l By Wm. D. H•~ eAd ..,._air. Bob. SHOP TALKS ON E<;m;O:UICS. _By M..,.- E. llarq. ISDU8TRIAL 80ClALif:lll. 8001A.L18ll. lUDE EASY. By James Co1111ollr. THE Q11l2!TIO N BOX. Br F'rulk M. Ea.twood. T HE 80CI~; Tbf!r Are aad What Tltef 8tiid Pa r. Br Job 8flll'l!CI._ T HE 8TR£SOTH OF TH E STROSO. Br Jeei Load(lll. THE 00llliUNl8T W. .... s rFESTO. ,a,- Ktrl llau aod Frederit k EDpt.. We will mall tell Clf tbeN lke~:~.t boob, o" llid or atMrud, f(lr 110 c~ota; 100 fCir loS. • • Wbo FlVB OEJI'T . BOOKS BY DZB8 Tile~~";,,., Tbe ~:'S!.:~:,r:t~::; ::~ Craf~,!'.:i':fa:t:'..'lsm, !: ~!~kf:,sbJn!:: , , R~l~ J~.,ll~r::!'i\u,..,, bdu.trlal UoiCialt•, YCiu Railroad Me~~, Ba.-olot.loa.ar.,- ti'DioAIPO, Tbe Amuirao lof01'1.11tt11t1 11 11 10 w e w111 . . too · uaorted eoplet for t l ; 1.000 tCiplei' for fj. . u, -r~ ~ ~r~~ t'l~rteen boot J:r :J':~u; 0DAP DOUGH TO Gin AWAY ' POLITICAL APPEA L TO Al1ER1CA..N WOHKE88. DT l::Oie!:!" Y. Debe. HOW TO KICK. By Robert Blne LaYCID!e. BHF.AKINO tiP TH E HOllE. By l!arr E. M.aff'y, Jllo ttn.ted: TilE iJHRJXKINO J>9LLA R. By P billil" H11Nell llllllltra~. \\, f AT TO BEAD OS' SdQAOSY.._' By t'hrln H. Kur. . A l&lllj>le. ""-' of t hew l•·e boob .. m be mail~ for 10 ~:e•ta; 100 -~~Nt:,~~t-.~1 aii~O:O ;orr:t;b7~~-~~t,}ob," .~~.~a:~; ~.~ THE DfTBJUtATIOif.I.L' 8001ALI8T UVIBW .. , Tl:lla laoodred·peae)llu.tratedmapaiDewlll fCirtla euextfCIIIrmoatlu PAI"'.'""l·.'!'<...~~:;..."'.,'..~~-,~~.:,".'·.·; ,11 - ~~;:~ ~~~=~I~f:~:::~:~l~:~~~:: ~~~~:.lt6:!~~ JUI.IY CLEARANOE OPFER-,Durit1111 J al;r (lolr we trill "11~1 fl~ llay B...-laa, t - .Julr Re.-le"'; tell "Tba 6brinkin1 Ooll&r' " ed teo '' 8ri,.~,1auf.;b:o~~~·~o~~ '::\f:~!t':'r. ~~ ~':; •~Ia I prl~ aai i(!t baar wltb it. yqu.,lll ba-r e yiKir ISICIIIey bad: bt.1ore you i n - it, =t.e:::t:.~:~:Jr::: l.":..::o:rd~-a~!~~~~;r:bt:o.~::r t~:r~ aod llllpai.IIH vautloll mo1187, or le.ve boob be. paid fCir wbe11 told.. ot "ltb'roiir Aew.dealer to ~_;,.,. 1 e~~S~~~~~i ~o~t. ';!:~ A:"~~-!:~• ~f!~, a~~~e~= 1\teraturt~ b tbe 11101t deeth•e .,.Cirk. Try It, .. Ad tbe rao lt la No.-eoibe r 111'111 malr.e ,-ov baJ!pj-, • • teri11g of CHARLES H. KERR & CO; Soclallat Publishcn 118 \ Ve.( Ktm.t~ .- St.rMI, Chl.cago, Ill . . �.r. ~ Louis josephson l(«btsltr $";;,;,, Clotblng llllf!..!'!'~.S:~·- . It is with pl<>u~•;re thut WI' r~·ein:d cight sul>!l. from Comrad~ J. Kick. Comrmlc Kh:k is 11 sill'nt worker 'but n \'cry Hlll'Cl'SI'iful Onc 'of . the kirHIIhat •loe<! inorc actunl work uud mnka; i ('SS . noik . We were nca rl>· knocf.:etl flnt. with rs1irpriSe when we hea rd a · noise causCd by .Comrade "RudoltJh \'ou 'Lit!I.J id~ L'f'lllling into 88JK'ttim with fhe . ~;ul~. :'\e\'er t·ould hlln- hdien'tl it; is bel ie\:ing. lie got them nil r ight. That shows whnt a . Cll ll do when hi.' mnkt11 up his mimi t o do his shRrt!, !111\1 ~·e we wi ll hc11r !rom th iil w mradt' in the urar future 1111d tlfRl nmong tht' top notch•·n~ in getting Su ll!l. W e th11.nk ~:ou ::J76 .....--.a&:..,6uff•lo, N.V. starter. F. A. ZtWJtl. ·H. J . Z.O.U. C.......,..,, 1 .,__,a..u,S......l U 2 P'--:.•J-SU1 1 We will kc-ep our eyes on you in the futu re. Co!Jinlde Ljebieh . ZEBOLD BROS. 00. 'rltat ltustlin;r l'(l lllrn~e. wJto · is JIOW in Detroit. Comrndc Frank hrought in thri:'C f rom thl'r~>. lt iK comparnth·elr C'l\f!Y to ""II home town. h•:{"I\UI!C you know most C\'er~·onto nnd with new m('n C\'t•ry day, ther(•fore it is with double that thl"8e Mnhs. or Comra{le Guttel's were gotl(.>u. We 11re constnnt lookout for your moil for· it always l u~ the goods we sre looking for. Fiuc work, F ran~k. -ANNUAL .SOCIAUSI ~ PICNIC. ... If You miss this, blame It on yourself. . THeTI~E- Sunday; Augu st 4th. ·• THE PLAC~~ Brooks Grove, Wllllamsvtlle. THE GIRL- Bnng Her with You or Meet Her There. THE COST- IO.Gents ft.L lilY If slim m lllllllllll ~ lfliiDAY. lbln 8treM <:.s- to Ohy Uoe, wiittam.Ywe ' to tb eGton. Car Dtrec& ti"CMJI Oh7 Li.. Wn~ "andl•=;;;::::;:::::::=::::::::::::::::;i COLUMBIA TURN YERHN ,,_,,, ,, .,... ...._,, . nreeu, ...,.. the bulletin, men W"bo c.naot allow a " onion bOOk atul Ki\""t a rood ae.:oo11t of th e1UHh-t1 ·~·'"' . ,~ tbe union olti~H wbere tteir 1-t ·~··- " .•_,.., . •cnic at CrystafBeach $ATURDAY,AU8UST17, 1912 Gymnastic Exhibition by Ladies' and . Men's.Classes · · Be eure tb aak for Tumere• Tlokets at Box 01'11- tfii"" �®~-~~~· PUBUSHII.D w...O: Y BY TH& P~G 1...............1 BUFFALO SOCIALIST 52 Y.·&p Str...t,lnl oMA-ll TIN H&ISl..ll'lt, PNoW.too COMPANY BVI'l"AI:-0, N. V. PRAMX mutllNI'IU&O, T - H Uflii.Y TUTTHlLL, ,_.,_.,. STBPHI!H J. MAHON&Y, Buo. ...... ~a.. :52W.E. 1 a.smct,Jrd0oor 8UFFALO,N. Y. So.sb.crtpcklo Prlu JI.OC!'pu yu r:SOe ah: mttalb&, py&bt.lD &dnilc. ~' En«>recl u ~nd-cl... maUtr June 6, 1812, n the P,.t ol!l.oe ~~ Bo.ft'alo, New York, undtr the Aet of Jlll.l'C:b 8, 1819 SATURDAY, AUGUST 3, 1912 "THOSE RUDE SOCIALISTS I" Sonw(imes Wt' Socialilitll Hre rud e to other ...·orkingmen with whom we e_on1e in con tact. It IIIII'' be that we do not ehoose worols ·grHcefull y. Sometimes we a~e t \'en fW imi11tent on onr OJlhy that we umy enm ht t1Ri1l to be impolite. We do not listen to the IWCioml plntitude~~ 11bout "the id1•ntity ht!Wf.'t!IJ capitRI and htbor." W e call names in the heat and ~;mpec t the motiws of thoie noble creatures of wbo nrc l!clectetl _by t he maste r elllll.'l to admini11ter th e ~,;on:rnme nt in the intCrc11t11 of the ruling claxa. J t i11 too ba<l . Hen lly. ~·o n kn ow. w e have n o iutention to he Hu t ,· or.lin~~rily. wlwn you 11ee a man '11 tllavcry; whtin you lll'C 11. tm1n'11 he~~ t enl!n,.ril'S trilli u g lopicll or po lit e 'co n \'o:Mia ti on whi le hill b ouse . aho\'c lli11 hcntl; wln:u yon 11ee a man '11 f11ir daughte r 1 to t h!· he11tia l \n ~t of t'llpi t nlillt p r ofit!!, ~·ou may be get excitetl. Aud ,;o, Solllll"tinws. ~·ou <lo get i'Xeitf'<i. l'••rhnpM ~·ou mif!hl lw more c trect i\·e in a r gument if you ulrri nut\ t•ollt•ctt'< l IHI<I indinetl to weigh t' \' Ct)' word you utter gi\'ing it \'Oiee. · l'o·rhllpl:l you might put forth more •·mming ''nr~.:nmeuts'' you \\·t're not so l1itt"r iu your IIITilignment of th t• e11pitnlillt eiiL'l'l. You t•ou\<1 tlo it. to.-if yon·were not so t e rrihly in earnest. Tho• oloi J'"'YPOiiti<·i•n' t•k•• ""'""'"' of •II of Tbt •a wbat 1011\0f*Pf-r elotbeeentl 'JI'ood.- profile for tll.e llwaere ltllf.Hcl welfue of bulftulty. T_H_E,_'[_ftAq.E-0~-() f tho B7 ooaD9• 1fY1 into II IJIOHlf'lllllf,\' ~Ub!ll i~iOU b~· \tl('lln~ of 111t>ir hOU<'.Ht] their lllUSirlll phtnl<•·ll. w,.H-IIIo< lulnt ed nrHl d l' l"t-rly tnru cd. HI' t'K \I!<e tht• _,. nr•· nnt in t• ll rn••st. th f'y llri' nhle to fore go t o prt'"''rl'•• form; lJI't'llll~t· tlwy 11re lwut II[!OJI hoodwinking lister;~·~~-"~~~:;: ~~~~~:1i1::~!\~:::,, !i~y!~~~~ 1n• do not :nluee o ur wor1i11 baJ. luck '- U1t -s!t11111 uUttDI tD ==--n:! ~ eh1ltMd ,.:.-.:..-=.:':a"0::.: Ho iJ !oDd o! hia home, 1••• ha wtte 1.114 Ida~ Yet hoil.....ntJ trampfil&' 1-..,1.1!.o. nneta. li'IID,Il'7, ~;loom:r aDd wt1.1!. tho Ua,dow o! t.patr walkbl& tr:r Ida to u,.._ 1D um; eo1U11:r7 ~..,.."aWl_ o r - uztto~_.,... beg:lq f01r Jobt, &Ioiii. jobo""' DOt \0 111 11&4. . . _ ot ~ roll OTW ~ aM d!e hil •:: ta 1a·~ 8t7Z !l.li::l1 ...,._. =~~ en try th (' information to him. · Tlw wo rking , . ]11 .>;~< ~l't'Hkt·n; aut] wrih•r!l ha\'e n nwii-<~H~e to t o tlu· ir •·nm rn•l ••s in ~IIIT•·rin~ nnd ,],·~pllir_ :"t>w:r mimi tlu• llo Ho · '* ~~~~-:,.Mil~ ~~:~~-=-~=~:E oao ot ~ eompellell ·\0 1•"' hill Jo'O b• _, = . = =- :aliT VlllJ'Oarv.".A.'rBLT PO& 'I'D, CA.J'D'.Alolft ';;:::.:frr.~~ ~~~U:~W:~l':.U~':.,~ - ~IOlt~Df~~JIJl~~~~~ ~~o~j;· ,.,~,:·.~~·~,,::;ir1 ~:~u:::~i.~~r·n~l.'~~-:~~-k;.;:~~;.~\t~,l.":,.::~·;~n~;; itt•~ tl~~ou ;:: Y u uhnwllwur lo lt o ~o:nill. " ::u.; 1~~::-== ':!:".::;, •from~~= ~ WoW~~O: .:X,IIB~~cT'~ ~~t:/=~~e~~tl~~cl~-.:~~ ~~~ ~J:b~ ~~ ! ~~fat':..':~~ ~;-::.: ·e:.f, &bar\ &:ld cnwl. · ~=~~~=-nfOIIlJfa.U1'1A&ioU... , Bo iJ wUJJ.n&: to wvrlL Y-. h• wo1114 at•• l.ll:rthfq horr.ll- mu bf \ht IIW'IliDc' dall ill t,M OQ BlO ~ 00 '] ~~:~::~~~~~~::~:~:~~~.e:.~ .·,:~~.~~u~~ :~:~:·'::}::·.:~:~~.:~~ ;.:.~~·;:!~~!::.~;,~~~~:·::~~i~:·~:~!f~;~n· . ~i ~~!:.~~::iokb:~f:·~: ~!:;:-.$.';~=~ PROD THE OL\NT..u- ~ ·THE .JOBLES' MAN : ~~ ~:"""Jk ~ ·~ ~ ~ =~::a:~&II-~ POLI.TICS VS. ADN:n."''STlLATION: . . . \\',• ofh.., , ,.,. •·n['o tal,., ,.,,,,u,·u•u• ~llll tnl! l_ nl•or ""'"" ol!io•onl• _m to ~ mut~ ~!:~W: h:~~! I;~~~ w~..!;. ':::: ::.a:eh . ~:D!i~~~:S::~~ :::: o~t=s:a::m.~ = toYII-= ~-;-t~ :~~~:~;::;:.;:..:·;~,,~·~;:-,n ~·:n,:~::~·-~.;·i·;~~..~~~:::::~··: ; :::~·;::~-~~:~t::.;,~:~:~;::~~~~~:.~~ h;:~~~~! ; :D~· :~O::~t.~::::t:~F~i~~ ~~ ·s~'?.J1~E~~ai;E 1= :=! :" ~~::.;.;~,~·~··:.~:::·:,;:~~;:~.:::~::!;~:.~:.t:;t~~:::: ~~~;~~::,:~~" J::·~~-!:'r~·~~\J:t.:~.~:~ l fii~;~;~¥:;i:~~:::::E ::;::.::·:::t~~-::::: ~~bl:r .._lG'W•...w.aa• U = I ~\UJ.:J.: ~>~ lorain '"'" ,,; , II !::m::U 1 ,:aU:' ~0:: !'a~01"~ ~;: f~ ~ , ODH Who &rl deuer to him tba.ll h11 lilt. It palDa him to - ---VERl!.AL SOOTHING SYli.UP. PUT SOMEBODY IN JAILH . ;o;.-.,·i..rv. •l um 11111h·•l h1· tlw sh up -k•·•·p(-'rll. offf•NI IIOillf' peculiar la Ulo urt:r mon~taa ho w111 be up IDd out &p.ta. Hutii.Y he ..UI K1ll Ulo "halp w&~~tld" eolliZIWI or Ult morttlnl peper IDd then o~ mon the UJDe old ro1ID4 ot •trope &114 f &rtorln &tiel mw.. OD« IDOf't 411eoun&in( ~-=~ ;!t~="'~'= 'ft.e 1111.11'1 ~ iJ ~ U. - 1J'D4u Uil ~!:.J: 111oco.- 1 ~t caplt&Ud ~·of pt'OIIIICU~n~ Ult . ~= ~tora011 :-=_hu:,~ ~~ ~ i.n'aUIIIlll Q'IUID of pt'OIIIlCtl• ~ Met!oD of tlrt COIIDtl'f ubi • - ~ ...._ Ia - u:.-= ~;.l~·;,';:;'•;::.";;,,;~::'•;~~.,:;·,~:.',~~~,..i:j·i,t :'~'~;.i':~oli~.,.~~~c~·~~ ':·~~~fr ~~~~il:rt~l~it~h:~~ :r~::.: :::eh~:.~~cr!u~~ ~~ ~ !:.t~t-=~ .,:f.;,~l:l'::!~ h · ,.,_.Jw ,f tlu· grindi111.: uf huru n11 ho JII'II, th e " i(' kt·ll illg Qt!Or o f 8o lt i'IMOD. Derbr-clafhllriDo«chlmMltfor :;;":::!~:S,.'!:"IQ'cl~~tllef....a,rr­ l;tlr lll_nlt huwun tl.·sh 111Hl th·· ll<llll ll~ u ,,,] gru11ns of th l! •le11p11iring :f~~ao~ere~ .r~~~-eo:.!.::!:=~ You ru:"oall'~wb=;oa uu, but to- (t tS • wur~ ~ 1]1 '~n~~:;.~-impri""ll. turt urP, l"'llulit••." ill tho• whoh• thNH·y of ~~f~'.r!~..,~~~f-:.:otb~&~tml~:: :U.~~~/~~ 1eo=D=:rp.,!".r"~ ::~~~~~:~~i~~:l';~~~~~;·~,'!',;;"li~:~;::";.':,':~~·,l,;;i,:.~. ::·,''7,~~~~~~;~~ft:iOI;I~er~"tll~''ll~~: =~~ hiJ worn hut dearlr lo•ocl holiMllolcl fllnli\llrl ~ ~~~l:~:=T!~::if:!~~ rJ::r thut p1111i shrno• ut .\FTEH t lw ,.,·,·nt w •vt·r prc~·tmted lUI Euglc Purk '11'111 ~~ ~.:n 11;;:1 ';~~ ~t~~ ~~ ~L ovmt rr. AlfD THE llAftB& aLAU JLA..i •·ntastrop hc>: ll ut l tho· h · ~lll IHnnln ur 1111 <'IIJ:IIICe r afte r th•· wreek. , Tbe Mutes ot tho Brood. wm zroUee torr.ethi.DI ...t;r !'JIB POWE1 TO T.Altll AWAT TKB lll.Uf '• Lil'IJ ri o··~ 1101 r··~t"r• · to l~f,. th OII•' l'i..tims of cllpitali~>t g reet! who ln y &.11.4 woebepDt abo~!,~. him. '1'hq wt.U prefm: o t h e r - £lfT 'l'tJIE THBT CAllE TO DO .0 JLBOAVD '011DD . 1111111 L:], •• t '"' th·· I.Ju•k!IWIIIIIInlnw ks :11 Corning.; that the CXl'C ttti on 7IIUI.I'If men. ah&rpc mtJD. BiJ ~to •ark 1riD ~~~~ 00°~~~~.:..--::: n f. a ,·i··rill,l '''"'~ 111•1 . n•_st u_r•• '.' n.mrti<'l't'<l m11n to lif~. But. dru nk l'fi'W~ Um~ ~~ uit &1'lt'llt W'OI'kz&.li who tiM, DO JOU OOJITBOLI THJI LIVU ..urD B4l'I'DI'BU · OP wllh pow o•r'\~d Ntn. lul 111 Its llldlft't• r f' nee to human h fe wh ere pro· eaplt&l. Ulcl JI.OthiD&' but hiJ Nek &114 &1'11111 to um. a 111'· ALL OF TBoal WHO AllB E!!I'IIL.&.VBD BT BDIL fit s 11rr nt 1<tnk · L'upitnlism coutinrws to Wtt"H k nmgt>nu ee 111}011 those = = = = = == = = = = = = = b=7'===;=== = = " = == = = = ~:;~:; ~~;·~;;,.\i,7!';, "~~~~':,:.~:J':\~011~~t::··h~:,H~\~,i,c; a"'~~~~~ o~"ak~~~~~ -~\?~~ ~t l'n l'~ l~u~ailrot>ho. lv iu jail" ~;::~~~ , ·~J·lu y u [ ·,." pitulist is t lw <'t\' that got'fl up after e ,·e r\· si•·ki:lll lo mm;'!l!l to IHIIIllln su ffering.· H ow ·:"ow. ::-owi11list~ ttrt• \'<'f)' imp rridi l'H I folk~ Tht>~' aren't so THE RIQHT TO BRUT HE By CHES TER),!, WR1011T. ,\,;~,:;r:~. i;,.!~~"ing ·•maller bot~led It &woy from .A1ul tb e judge fl~e·l tbe '".om11a ~~~,m~to~:.~ :~~ml'~:S~ ~:, ::,:~~eei~ ~:_G:;-. ~=!: t~~11 :-:~~~~:::: 1 ICe}llta!ilm haol e'·uy E"t.rY dey it 81'(1"' bigKer-for tlle I>I"H to bay. . ~;~~li:~' ::.~:~~~t 1 :~;.~i:::'::~:l i::~~~~:~l:.~0:.,;g::~:1~~\l!:;:: !{1st~~~· w~::: ri~~~el'J' •lay tb e "'l'ltlll!lt ~~~• .tut~ ~ o::P~eiltb'!~:."' ri~~~ ;:;t~:r th llt h<' '11 11 Jilt I•· lh nclu:•rl iu t ht· h r11in , n liH\e p i.'i':llliar. " <]Ue('r" HB it w r r r. thnt it mi~o:ht lw 11 ~oo, J ideA t o ~pc nd :ft littl e thought on p r eYeutinj.!' tht'!<t' en tn ~ thoplw ~. iu~tea1l of Ko ing up into th e ·ai r when the b low h ils fRII<·n . t\ft t' r ull. i~ it worth whilt• to go thron~h 11\] th e fol-de- rol o f 'len flin~ Jllf' J.al· kawnmm engiueer to prisout ''Yr11." you uy, in a hours..· whispo•r. whi_](• intf'lliJ:enee \' Rinly !ltr ngd es to get a grip on yonr fen• rl'tl htain . ··But Wl• 'll fix that engill('i'f F;.O he won 't be eanol e11.~ again IIIHI t'll\llle llnother wreck." , .\111yloe 110. Jittl 1• Kimp. but whil ~ yon arl! !Wnding an enginee r to prii!On. the ro rpu rotiun ~01!11 ri~o:ht on builtl ing wood en coa ches to enunrl·· up l'l' ht·n th (-' n~xt w r t.'C k I'O I ~!CI al~mg. • · _ . . "But," ~·uu KHy, "If we llif'IHI t lllll e ngm e-er to JIU I It wtl.l make all ot he r cngi 11<'el'B 110 ~are!ul th11t we CllD prevent wreck1 m that Wll\" .. · ·y ..~r Y e><. illllet>d . One of thO!<<' "pr actical " ea pits l iat ideiJI. If the (:n g ineer o n thr first trnin thlll Willi f'Ver Wr f'Cked b11d only been puniahed !'IP\'eno \~· t!no ugh. th ere wou ldn't -ha\'e been any wreekl after th e fi n;t one. rh f · W ell. tleA r heR r! . it is j1111t bec11use you allow aueh piffle to find lodgement under ~·o ur l'i8Sifie hrow th11t t he r11pitll lilitl .ktel' yo u .._·o rkin~ ten h011n1 II .tay (or your oats llDd hll)'. • - ----, Why doe5 s ehit:k en t'I"'III! th e ro11.d; 1l110 wh y doe11 11 wo rkiDI· man ,·ote a capitalist ti eketf ' io tb .. oeata of po~·e r, .oek1 to further rur teil tbt'! ri~; b b of tbo JJOOr ud the oliaponH.Oed. • · t•rom :\' ~w York ~me:o & bitter e.sem· J•le--e beert-l.ore& klag atory. To tbe cepitaliet preu it ... u merely 1 ~air ''o.oh •tory.•· To the men aali womeo ot tbe arout.et.l w11kiag elan it told O\'H •geiu In tenua of bnmu life lbe old, ol<l ttory of tbe el1uee. A poor .,01111..-1 foreigner, of eoui"M -bali 1 1;e 1r; bebf. Tbe <loetor b.&.d told ber th&t tho beb1 .rouhl dio uo• it Iliad trnb air. Air auppoM!od to bt frH to tbe lout of ~II '• erutu,._&lr wu t b18 u<Htd of tbl&.b.be. ne tetb.or earDedtAaweekforllllonreed&7of work. He eouldo't buy freell ai 011 tll&t wap. H• eoul<la't boy tile -pr;..-. ll•p to u ..-e lu a plaee where treoli air ei.rculated. • · Air, for lliiD 111d for blo wife •od tbe lr babe «r~ld bt llad 011!7 tor t be 11>0aey wlliell tlley did ~ot ha'l'l. Jfooopo\y bttl naelletl out end takl11 • -f llle fre:.ll a_lr fro• ~h i e little f•mily~ you 0111 d f · · Sbr:.~~~~~=e :O~.~~:~r ~~~t·:'._:;~; I '''"'"".'<.-R'C"- 1.11 &.park. Th~:~ u_lled it ~utr&l l'erlt. Til ERE SHE \\OULD FIND, Alli. So ab11 took ber feebio' dlild to the opeD IJIIU that . the peGJlle had. bought-to tbe !re<Jb e11 Lh;et tbe pubhe ow11eol. Bot :Sew York l•gol'eroed· by a upitalitt eluo lj:Ol'~roment aad t&e poor wom•a lr.&do't 't llou.sllt of that. Bo, following the ~&II ot utnre, abl took tb' lillie one to 111 opeo 1pe.eo whore llle ~ ,... peen ••d wbere tbt beavau were bh~oe overhe&.d ••~ WliERE THE AlR WAS FRDSH! Sh l11do't aeea tllo "bep ol tiM ,r....•• -'PI- Blle dlda't kaow tb.a.t • ceplt&IIIUe com~~tleeloaer bd NJ*.i&lly OlderedthalaooaolaY&dotll&tphtle"O· tar llfiOI-EVEN TO O.E T PB~B 4-IR. Aad 1 eopll&ll1tle poUeemu ·f\111111!! up ud an:eeted tllt Ji~lt .,..... nd 1ile wu tt.ken to a polle~ atatlon Ia t patrol Wa(Oa 011t1 l&lr.ea before I tii}P lt•llal jutl!e BECAUSE SHE · HAD COW.lii'M'F.D TR.E CRniE OP T8-\'· l NG TO OE!' PRE8H AJR TO SAVE JIY.R BA.BY'S Lll"EI &~d then. • J>robaot ioa w<tb tbe J Udj..'l for tbe . lueta atly ~-~ jud~~:e i tbe11nrr d11patebee l&id. rH~l, ••JleJuct•nll,. he eblld to li_l'~," for 1.1!.e told tbe Jadge tb&t tile ~k&t I!~ W1111\d men tile death el!UJ!-;eo •lender ... t bo twtoeo lite end dealb ID tbt lly wh leh I• N ~eall! IJJogModt of etllert h1 tlua .•here *ret~ •treteh lj:eatle. b~Mls nd wllue of of Nrtb'• prot!acU art to 1M o•erlcrwlq a~ntkaeo. Here la A-erieaweilel'too""'''«: i ...." Tlao l"'ilhiJ1411 of lifo uellere. IN P068P.8810lC' TH&Y ~E A"! ENDS OF THE EA~B. ' t~ 11.1'111 11 po1lriq ...n.er ·poor ..a tM f09l lW...,, . . . fut" ' i • • Hwodu f&rtller, •-.1 tile~ 1111 b' e..-udde!]t ~~ it wUt 110, l"OIIde:rias •IIJ' ~ le \lilt etaat murmur (roa bel-. . ... ~ .ad DON'T BE A SHEEP • Capitali1m-grllft. murder, J}O''erty, ' prostitution, bomeleU ~kl B7 llurra:r ku-. age, ~~;ta rved bahybood, t he bread line most all th e while-well, ~t Ym, Bia Bi" woo O"Ot eplDit Small bUIY 1 · Grafe at Chlcago-pe.nly ~aUie It eou!d 11M forte 111d traud moro elfee.Wouhln 'I it jus t. amfUih your f11mily all to !lmithereenR ir yon til•tly. And •t O..lti111ore Bir ·oae.iae• 11houl<l 111nid enly get th t" fnll ·product of y our toil f AI~, wouliln't yicldttd, a lihle.' tt~miJOrori ly, to SJZiall mek ~ J>leu : ' "" ml:lllt Jl&yl.b& t lao. ::: ~~e~ n elr, otolidly, lln.omprebudiagly, bour;bt • t.J•d of lanil•ud 11et 1\ 11 J•ert iacom' uf • s. She toltl the You get a raise in pay- not when you rl'()(luce mo r e-but when you r boss feels like giving you more. it u,... on • HtU. m., • t...- t!\bn~1~11=.th~:;u:ud ~~~':t~ ••'!.- to.r u ludutn.. b..,a' f,:1;:'.11 ¥,~;t t::~~;;·o:~~;~•' r!::,:'lt:.011 ~h~;."'~~~~:" ~~~~~e~l~~~~~\~ft n uthinctn], ,<;o.•h lll ,\uUrdlllill.<~. tMT t1le A-'rJa• -rk.ltlr-• to ~P~~:~"(·~~....;~, !!) ~reeloue t- Woodrow Wilson is a flDII old akate t o palm off on t h e country N~:ltbn •ide yieldttd eayt .. i•a- to t bt 85 8 ''pr og reuive ' ' who hal the intereits of tb e ''~pul' ' at heart . workers, u eltber Cb_ie&llj or Baltimore Ht> wun't noted for »ueli.. traita wbeD b e waw't buntine public - Jbey 41do't b..o'' ID-iJlllto J'IIL But ··:: ~ •, the iotelligent ""k" b... • parlf of oftiee. PIC with eltller H111p of lu u.~:ml- beHI!t ot tM WlfkU&. lfilller lite Big Sqv.- or the. Utile U It growlaa rapidl.y I• America Schea~en. · ' · ia e•erf otller t<Mi atry nodtu tllt Tbi• perty hi oat 1pproud-11o.t It wllllJCI eo aetl..-e fattor Ia fuhloll&bl-wi t b tho •: prore111"1" e&a~J».ip wbet~ tile :~::;·e::db;:P•~t:·~~:·:~;11 ;! ~~t;~:"!:.:~Zfi~r. Wothr. ~err.t;1o11lt tU7 get t._e fact• all·rr.uPid vp, •atddeatly'' ol C'OIIree. That pe.r17 le tbe SOCIALIST party ud i~ tao· dldote• ere DEBS and SEIDEL. Th'T be • alleep In '• lloU: Do•'t let. a ot fool bolltriD.J aboat Tlttdy or WllooD ,.bot• erietocrat-u tbelr llve..,...a':"· clermille ynr betlfr jodpeDt. ~ A1111l'f.bl•c. '! lt aoolllb lourW•ybe 111 latt, ef..r 11\ fnid..,. wlllllar, wa"r~~<aol•l' -~tlllag 'from Vr. R......-.rt w.ortb' lhlt1DI111 to. Btit .... tkiakof It, tlle•n~ ~kjptltaJ ..., Y011 ••ow lb. B-e•elt ~Jted Soeif.llam. Kt tll'l!,tleofabliM,e•lllllfYikt tlr.t bra •• 8od•tt.t WODH! D ti.e.. p•• aad l~d4nt&Jlr wo-.. ahllliq Amerln• wt.o d bbll 1.a M. opi•kHI tb•t· Mlelll!aolriOIIOIIHrtbfltofor x_.-elt_ &fllll-. ' Soel•llt:m 1111\•l•ed. TMllow; b•t It 414. So T..tdr butt It epiL ..We enfm• I lll:fM ol ecadeialr l11tnf'Oil. tiM-ell-.~- U pia' aklucudd.l•w\IM beet.it raa. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-08-03 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-08-03 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n009_19120803 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n009 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c39d650b2ad171afe5a6c4ca4a5ac817.pdf fdb4b1d0dad8f5c9184c2011b7b2db97 PDF Text Text -.wt~Clft' s.-~~:ms" SATUJt])AY _ . Tim BUPPAt.O JOc:l.WS;l' IS OWl'l!:l> AND COJirn£llUD BY THE WORXJIIIG a.ASS �The """"';.. growing demand patli tbe amltaa1 saJc. oftltiduwoocb far ahead of thoee of aoy other mac:blDit _:_ mak.in~, n~ry the la~t ~tzr factory and the largest typewriter office: boild_ing ia ~ world, mot e nu W" day1 t ban humaP li i'H. 1 lAir~ ! mO!~ I i nJE " "!Ill w r !l :o lttadell laat Such a dHDand from businen men n-erywbtte it 1 ' anqaesti~aable eridePCC of the practical mechaniCal supciority of • .. ' Tnc•·lay n igh t. T wo.> ,,t.,.. nt., ml >l'tl " '<' t l' aolmi tt N Lo<- al ltnud ol t•h a t the \u t mtN i ng. c·o rtl!~ t£11, .\ !1 mitla k n Co m t ild e Th" ~;.1 ll 11~·o r ia •u q uiet u . .I . a Thr 1.....,1,1(! llt<' bli1hl aqd a ny old 0'THE MACHINE YOU WILL EVENTUALLY BUY." . Braaeb~ i~ all"':"hincipa.l Citiel, 10 fiGHT SOCIAUSM " n Ant ie.Jot Ord h of ll il.frrai a.n at con•·e~tt lon wi n make an f lfort t o • tb e J•rGJfl eM of Sodali•m. BliboJ• P. Carroll of Hele na, llon t., 4r.,.J K\1" iu 1 ~peedo Loffore the ' ''• 1,. ,,.,,, ,, Oo to it, brot b ~ n. it might of aw•kcAilllf H m\ ol or Erin to t he oulr mun1 nf tbe n t~·-Sodall.o~m. ' UNDERwoo~· ~.!..~"!..~!!~R COMP~Nr, coL CRAZY nORSE'S ~~~' ~~~ ~~Bu~fl'al~o~<?f'll~o~·~=~~~~~O~N~Ia~era~at~r-~t~.~~ tllinr &(!f'lltY of Ooloul Vru)' - ; HorM!f HiJtpotlrome ab.otthJ be in the band• of the maa who bu been r"liD· ui11r the ' Ballkni Jltlt)' (J.)urt 111 tllia "' ' 1 \IT.n•~·~•~ ' • for~me yean back. CbaU11fy j _ H11, b im ~~e~ lf a uoillionai rl', wb- wealt h coa1i1t1 of unpaid IU I"J>hn · v&lue prod needb7 1• bor, ia •Jon e eno~Jsb t o mate a11y l! raliJb"tentll worll: iult"noao under· ftlntiUo nte tbatbi• in"iereootdOIIIIDOt ',, .:;~~~,~."~~~. ~~:; , , ,, I'":~E"!; : .: ~~·· ' "'· ' ·~r. n, u ilrol fur {],• 11Hil ll~' l"o~u rda ~· . 1 "'" " i ·· ~ Jul.•· t:ah, to 11.1\ o• nd l h ~o ~l ·· n V tttJ'Orll li o n ) .,.,.,,. , , ,... .. ,.· ~· ll h f ir a nnua l I i S~:~~j~:;: : :;;;~;;\~:~:;;.~; ! ;~~:~~~f;J:~~{~~~{~;~fsL:• : : .,:·; · :h£:·1~·.:.: :~: .E~.~:;~ ~=~ :~·,:: : : :.~~:~,=~=~~: Ei~~:. ~~~~:::?::;· o·lr~l;.,, ltt·D~IH<'T in pia~(' of Com·l •u nda wbi o• h oli<l not look J!OO<l to Ci!>" j iLnre. The m en .••t l4lll h e rmg ll rt-llgtb II I.C Ur l ud ~be I Jolri t ' th at It naa ra lar tdOO aad . ,.00 per week {ajt " ' J"lt t• t ~~1io~1r1o :·~· ~:,·;,-;:~:~~~:]~=I' i;;::~J:~j , •lit\ ~~j>ed t o ~~i~y~::t t:fmtnb;h:~oo;••e1t boo.m ia ira~~~~~~::~-::;,.~~~~:if~:.!;,. " "" r R ~I.':,:~::·~;·I~~IrJo,. J< 1 ~::~\. :, :~• 1 ~::,' .'"~::,: : \ u l '" " 1h \:~:;, II \IT\ "" ,.,:;:::, .. .. ""'' r Ill<• J , ' " ' " '"'" a • on •._u :•.,:,· Win, ~~ ~ ~· ~et ':,f l~llatu: •:~·., ;,.~n·,:1 1 "~"~"'::,t d:::~ ~~:; =~ ~:~ I SHALL EMERSON DIE? ~ffFe!~~:ry --;:~ ~~~~~:] =~~/~~ ~~~:111h1~0 ~ ~=~·~0 ~0 ':::::;o:.:~~:.:o Jl~Jdtrat 1 \\ ,.11 h<' JtOI ot all toj(h t, __ • " oth th r rxrlanuoon t h ~l t he r JI\ ag.d Drotbt-n C.:omradl'" - l-t"JIOOI \\ otkl' tl of wb at liP i1 pluled to tall t he Lfp1 AoQ B~r"11 of Buf ',~"~', ~" ,~~:~ llo:: :·~·:: ;,~' ::; :~~~~~~~:::~.~;; ~·:~·,l ::'~h~~;:;l w~~r ~hut-n:~,:;,~~~"f ~~:~;m~~~ \:::: . :-~;j.,~; ::.::~be ~: ~~:b~ to J fT OO, :Woatllly UlteMIII4 nt.-F'ltfl - orad d a••• SO teiiU , tblrd ;:;t;:.rt,~ulan wro l* I~~~~i~~~~;::;;:;;~;r.;;~~~;;::::~~ IO ;~;;i::\ F,~;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;~~;;;;;;;;;;;;;~;;;;;~~;;; -~Ii: :;·~:/f~~:;~~1t~ ~f;?:~ : ~~; f~:i:\~{~:~ :l~:.~ :~; {:~:~E~ s¥;S;?.~l~tE;FJf~:~~ ~~~F:~t~ ~·7..::·::[~jf~s~:~:~: ~,Joaeph ~~·~~~DWuts !···· . .,~=~m~·:~~;~~~ :~.·~~;~~, :~,~~~·~~~~~. ~:~·.~: ~;:~;:;~~~·;',.,t,·.·· 1 :.~~ ":::;:•~:~n~:., :::;:~;· ';:r~: • :; .:::~. ~~~ 1~~~:~~:~~~~o 1oo1•~e 1 ... t 1 l" · f - • J .q ... k · f h ~~:t: .. :,!e~~~.~ ~~··:~•·e('":;:; .,.,urt ~ 111 :;;·~~·~ :,•;::. b · bf 1 t b~nge~~~~~: i:e~~ f b" · ::,!~~~:~o,::~o~a:.-,~.:e::oe..laf~·t.~':',~:! ~~;·.,;t~1oc.W:1~ 11~~~t~.: b' · r•do. (I f tbete votoen b.fore .NOYtiUibf r. Our -Jien tit'e pllblt.illllf ~;:;: : ~:;:;;,;: ~~~:~; ;::~f:.::~~~·E: 0'::;:5:::i,::i,ii:i:=:~··g, ~:~~::.:;::;1;::£Ei;::·;t~:~~:r i~:::~tiJ.,j~g~i:~.¥.: - - - - _ ; - - - - -111 ~~~~J~£i1~~~;~~~~~~;ftJ:fg~:~t~~ ::: ~-~::~~'\.~: ~b.(!:' ;,~,e·t~ ~~~:.•o;: :~/:~~~:~~ :~~;o":~·o:,;o:n~i! ~~~~"~~oo, ;t' •c;;,,,::~1ei. i:. t~~:.;:~·i!,'"~~·tw:~:; :~~t::r-~~~~~~~.•b:r hi;:~:~;:! Aug-ust Kll&niiU!I III' :·:;~::~·;::•. ~~.k· ~>:;~J:"'u~r ~~~::; ·:.!~~ ri 1~t1h :',~:~rt~;;~n~~~~;:~~~~~b;,~~1~' :~i~~'!7,:~r o~a t~~e ~=i•a•~..:~" ;,t~ ~:~~:•· ,:;:ra~~; 1 :o:~~bo ,);re ~; . . . "" ~ [;::~;:i:~::::fi::· ·:~·;::·::;::. ~~:~·~~i :~..::~~~:;~: ;,;~; ,:·:·Ei~fi.~~:~;i~:~~;;~~~~:~~~?: ~~:~·~ :~ .b~t dt~r o.!Jr t .• ht woul•l II Ot ll l'"ol J' 111 II, To.rtwanolA n n. louy nJul •lrJ•I out . or. doo n. :>; n writ in~ un t he · 00 _ tb~ , ,..dl&g Ba<•e Willi . tl~j•lorabl.~ baud· 4ned t here a n•l i1 in a beooido:L I'I~!Jored j aani tary ~ond ttton. UD· Def.pit~ (Cwtluqed l rom ,1,~~~~::· 11° "~·:Pl·~-..~'":~~:.. ~~~~;,::~ I :::~~:: ~~~t~o:,~::io;:m~~;~a6,~~~ ~ ~:u::J':.~i~oenu o-:,:lo!:n'~~:\:!:: ~;:'! ~ill 'K '" '~ ~~· Qlnf Plr~r ----------11 ~=~:~[~:rw~t:~~:;of~;~;a~.: ~~=d ~..::o~~~· ~~ BOOU AT lO,OUTS· ~~::-r:..~~~d EASY. ~~~~8f~ ~~~~» 1 6{ J) 8()(..'1ALIS~ PraD-11: Boba. T b ...•· ,·lin not llllld l hf lifr thty ba•·e t enta; 100 fot; 15 J be gaaoH a.Oid f\l n WB; 8 ,'" Jamet Conuo u1 . TR"E QUESTION BOX. By F,11k" )1. l:Mt.1!"ood. TKE ~!t!~:; w•o Tiler A~ ~d ~ n~ l!II&JI.d "P.r.• :By TlJ E BTllt.•soTD OF TUI:: STRONG 8 J 11:: Lo d Tllere . :::~:~::::~:~.~~~:~:.::· .~.~:;~·:·~~:~ :::,:::!:'~~~ : :_~,~::-:::~·~~::~·:i~~~ ~:~::· ~.:~:s::::·:~::::~E ;z~::~~l.:-i:,::-~u LN"~rniog ton:...io~l to i h·... t:lt lll I IUJ•J <Oic! that lbia fall ~-~·;: ~:~\:,~,: ~7\::~ . ~ h:i;k,.:~ ~::•~ bat.. ,. are •om~ of~. I he :~ti:~:~~~~:~ ~ 0\\~~::~.~~rl' ilw~gew: 1 ~:~ ::~e:h:;":o:!'!f ~=~:.;n:e::i~;~ ~:!~b;:; 1:~: ;::n~be 1 bop&d OAPITALISTlC FASHION. ·~~~~ n <i ll • h ll! frum the -m. foJrll . of du1t 11011 lo beti e••e that. hitlde n ie tbe. oftlfe ___:,...__ A·l l•ln• ·n f ro m t b" IU H .... . TonaWllllda of the Gallow..,- I, IU!Ibl'r ,Co. we re guo· :\ in 1:~1 1 t· .. u•. ,J uh· 1!1.-.\ ma r r i•::~ hu • •lrp<"t • l'r ld :it•r wb o r~ b••. been mera who barl beeo ae11t o••tr from other -a( Jt 111ake. 'em b;~~:::o·~~" 1,:;1>J: •:::: -~;:~ .:~:;•,: r:r ·:.~e~1 ~~:~~~~'~' iwu '""! wer~. ~d· wu I*Y•_aJt for J t, aDt1 b• bO~b:t w:;~~ll~::De~:;h:···:;• ~~~~e;\1, ;~~e:'l'~~~:.~..n o~!.:t~ .. !'~:nl:~~::~; ~"!~~:t:;:~\~~:n i:: ;::ae;:: ba~~~~:: K•~u: :,~:~~ t;,_ ~:~:·!:!·,t :!; ,:~m.'"·:,:l~~::·:d :~;: I •;~~~ !; ~=~ ,':;:ot:t~:~ \hbel!n•~:;~~~:!:~ ~~r:y~~! :.ll;t•;::~~~~:,o~~=f ::~~:; ~:e:~~:~:!: ~:·t~::t, . !~;~~:.:· :~"\~~:~~~:,::b:~=,;,o,:!: ~=r•K~;!l ?:•::,;:~!e i'tuh~li:,r!~r~ ~:~~\~~~~~ li::n:~:l'fti~1:;:id T::r~~~::~ ::~. -;u:~~~ :;~le ~~1 ~ 1~u·~;fa:~~:~ Th.. thl' g.OO J>••lrr ,...1 ,,,.8 ht ar1tl t ban t h~y bavto In the Jlllt t. fOTJ u:x~rl n :::~:::~t. "l be .a~nOUIIfi!fUtlll Of .t~e ~:::~~~~ ~~:=m~~:ti)Or,&D<I lbey mljl ht 11 will l>f' r la lmt 'l tb. t tb il ,.,·atrb - -- · · • THE WA0018H BlOB. wu ma~ ill bea•·u . .\ 111011g the J'Oor. tb f huri o~ a!ld ra i~· II o.eem~ qU« r that mo:~ t of t b~ d~Ter in)l ot Lb ild tf'-:, , and hou&tloold dr"lldtr· til ing~ .. id abou t the b\euiogio ol-{19•·· f'f ieJ. !11 t h beut of til• wo11eo, lllf'"" f' rl)' eome from t hr JltiOJJie wbo Jive pl."i"g a 1111 to.titutt for love. Tbi! rieb "n Delawar1 ·."'-•'euue wbo don •t ll:raow nu ll to Rera o ~ ll d otb U di vo!:!UMOrtl . wllat .• d}lllllff "ll'itbou t eha mpagoe i1! ' . ::::,:. ~~-~ : :,t ~~~~~~tel:pe:~l~~ ::~ ~~~~:; ~=-·~"d ruo tb inp a• ::d• ::J-.....;.,.;_;_.....i,____ Jcuow . ' . . 1,000 for H; &,000b)' frelsht PtfiJiald fOT •16. Tlll.t kund.-.d·pap lllutrated aapiU!e will for tllcr uexl four mo11tlll be aWera 'Dp al111on wilolly to propapada, aod will bel the but i-J ble Mlllll" &.1 Boela.lilt meet.l11p • rad o• the 1trHW.. 8i~le eopi'ea, 10 eeQU; JOfOfi!Otellta; ~ forfl ; mo-aattbea&lll•nlle. • , · .JULY <JLEAJIA;.'I!"C£ OPFER-Durillx Jol7 o11l)' w• w.lll ..od he l.la7 . .1'le..., two J11l)' Reri"-.-; tea "'noe &rinkiog Dollar" ud teo )'8 U f witb eaooa)l .111oreto j»)' for you r trwble. U )'ou are t.oobut)' tolltll boolu. 10IIl"Wlt, J'I Ye tle J>ro4t to tollle 'lridl ewU e bo7 •llo wante to e&rll • :U-~dtv';o!b!~"'.:,~~a\·e boolu •otl. m•~an witb f 'l_W" aewsd~alar to I~)' ::,::~'.:~ r of r oadi t ionoo ui1tln g Ira tla Sooth. Buadl y, all day, AIIVU•t I. BROT I!l:RS. 1i'ELLOW WORKt:RS, At Williamlville. COM·RADP.$, All, ~e • pr -1 to you ! • Come. • Senti all funt.b to ,J ay Smith, Seere---ur~ of tbt .B rot~rhood of Ti mber ,., YOtJ bar TOU.S. Worktfl, l'o.t Olftee Bo:x i8, Al enn· If :o""lll ' re.ntilfled. whb tbll b.... dria, La. \ • .. . life, that will be abo•t" •.ll yo11 ~ l gt!t. \ COjtiet-, OrHIIdlldOr a.orted , wlllbe ~~t~Diby n"preNpnoJJe.idf•riiOe.l\1 ; · ·~.uf...lli~~~·~o::~~~\~!{::a~t~~~ • '•'P•'e", ~ with it . Yo" wm b t'O mo...,. b.ek be?::. ,t'Op k"n011' It, We appeal to you to h lp ua wllile r lli1 &!"air will lw pa.n.atet"'l. tb.t -. l'OJ.lTIO.ll. ArP£AL TO :.UCEBICAN WO"R K ERS. B)' EIIIID" \'. Deb.. HOW TO JaCK. • By Robert llin. La.llente.· · BRJ-:.t.J<:INO UP TH E HOli"E. By Mary E. llere)'. lllllllrklrd. THE 6H.HI1HONO OOLLA.R. B7 PbllllJ>I Ru-11. lll u!t,.t~ WHAT TO READ ON 80ClALl8ll. B;r (.lhrllll H. K.e rr . .-.....A M111ple .M otl t hlllle he !JooU wlll be mailed for 10 centa; JOO pt. bu)' tbm. 100 • TO Ilfli&IU(J..TIOM"J..Ii BOOIALIST UVIBW ~~!7~~~ty :-oe b~:~ D~,i;!~~~~:;at~O:~~ae:; ott!~·~. ·~~ meet Mmp':e11 ~t.>~~dtb~10t7:;rtft!D boo~11·ro: :J<:a~t..; OJIBA.P ·DO"UOB TO OIVB AWJ..Y loo~ o•·e~:;~:f:li~~l ~=~~===::=~~ ~~ ~~:1:,-s:.,:~~:~g ;.,";1 A~:::' '• Tb• A111eriea11 llo~·eme11t, Ret<ollltio"nary U•loni•lll, Qome 0111 Ollt an •l Plell: tile old·t•me ;~:~., b?u!~O~ra!~~~~~~: . R•Jtli to Job11 !tlltcilell, .._rt.edeo~ fll r fl ; l 1000ev:t~• for t7. lon!l'llrat wit llout 'em! wb: ::: be was, Ullko Do ill t he IIOIIt ber ra t.!.mbe.r dittrl eta eWiy tb Ne da,..., l!ld lt iu't bar l BY DDS e ':n':~~i::r::; ::~ !~: ~!~:¥:~6:;!:; (,,_lA~:.~~:fUeloal•m, Til~ ~~~ii:oa~~~.·· We will mall a l-'lt h>'"r Sllruuo, l'..to r of ~"<t • •IONJ•b '• on t be 8tri>O'~J ~lttt"<~t1;r ·~ front of .;.:e a nd all other onioll labor, aDd wa• "'" •~rOIII a bulleb of ]leople to tb:b: 1d the bride Who auj •·,..\ ODT Libert,., n • Craft Uaioal.ta, ~::::;:ngn::d•·~~;:~.~o.J;;:~~~•. t:~:re:!~: :.;';~~::~:!~; .:;;,~·~==pin~: ~~~~~ ~!~~ ;:.:~t::.'b;:e ~:n,~;.~;~;· ·~a~· ~::~~·~:r.::(~ 0~o:•.n . ~:: ·~~:~~:.•gtth.:~~h ':~: 1::~ ;;;~:~~~~ I ~!:~:~.,~ ;t~:~~e;-~~1 ~t .~!~:~~;v:;; ::t o!;:.;::m~=~!~·-:ttB::~-:;:. t:::";o~:~~Y:..J.'t:~ l"o11 ' ll 1"''~"' j ;;;~~~~~-.~~;._~0ijii:j~ ;~~r~~ li.£.DE T"<w~::~::~~.~~~~:!; !:~. ~=-.~ !::.:..·:~ .J.rv. aooU t o .,,. IUfb tron bli il hora e wltni'U to tblun went .to Cry.tl l Deaeto nll• of th Jlt-nt po- by the far t <tlia t rn ao:r of them ha•l co~~~~::::::: ~:::,~"';..:;~:~~;:·~ ••l~l ~~:~:~~m for t~kin'J: t hei r ~(arad. fo r pub-. by).~~~i:'.:t ·: , : " : : ;• ~~~id•e:"':efar =~!o•;:~;~ --;:,. ~;.~o~:~~~~~i1: .:t:n:\~~~~~~~~~:,~ ::r~~rr~ · Claaf.Cotl&ei"u. ~~~. ::~rt=~b·~:: ~~:It o:':a;~~~.~~~~- ~!::r~h-:- and l ut- ded ltLU:RtAOE AFT:&B . \ .tu~~;.~~:.;:.to;g,:l~\~;'~:.: ~~:;~~~ :.:~~~~~.:~:~:::rw:\:::~0 ,.:;,. ::.~ J;e~::,::tl;:."a =~~~ol~;, . ~;;u~';'R~..1T:~g~E~'.;·~~;.:t~~!b~=~tf;l by W«. E. Bob. By Jolla Ss-rlfO. TH E CO!ll.I.OS S.ESSt: OP-80ClA.LI8l!. wor k···! frnn• 1·hur&tb y noon uu t i1 Xl oo;. .r i! Ca n .1 l)f! ro .ble that th e a\· aut horitiel gi•·f1111 the uru ~ t ha t i.h er ~ fo_r tN luddl~ . Lea•·• It to •b ... fn ••·•tonn,Jo:un•J..<· indudrd.and h••• ! .~~.tv '""~'' 8<><-.i•H~~· ollldai• goio~ in i• no room iu t he bo. pl tat for ' theD., ~·nee to - to It t~t no thln11 romin):. 1•" 1 ,..., ill •lebt" to ~·oftit~ ~~~~~! to ll!di<>D 1nd want to !oe oo a11d our bop are d ill being arre.tl'it. ·11 111 ~ of. • good to-. : ;; ' B90Jt8 AT 20 OB!f'J'8 Bodal il•. \ 9= j::~~~I,B~~~8!~i ~~~~~-';~ :da!':"ia~f~;, ~:Le ir.r It, u d ruuJt terillg or lit.ef11turo ito tbe lllOf;t efJ'&eth·e WGrlt. ..Nove.n;_~-will 111ake Y" luJIP1. t.ke CHARLES H. KERR & CO. . Soclallat Publiab.n 2 18 "\V•t KJ.iule Street,. Chicago, Jll. i.e. �. :Jisk f•r Caplors 1tt Cn11m a6~Broadw~~.y otb?~~~:~~ 0!J't1 ~~ £IIIMIIQitKCIIIf. Plo Nlo rtalu Cl,u Q lppbiJI TRY TKZX �PUIIU:IHSD WUIU.T 8Y Tit& BUPPALO SOCIALIST SJ •• • : PUBIJSimiG COMPANY ..,..~~! ~~NlY.. .· K.U.TDI~.~ IIUllltTTUTTlm.L.~ ... Adclr-.an t 5l Y~ l..p:Stt.t,ltdfloor · JIIUoNit~....usD.T._' ' STI.I'ttGIJ.~ ..... ..... BOFP~~ V, • ~PrbSI.OOp..,_.,50c.a.~~'a¥tt•..tYuc.l . ~·. ,. ----., ·. . Enten!d u ~eCGild·clr.u m&Uilr JuDeD, 1012, at tb• )lottotftcen Blllfa\<1, Ntow l~k , uudn lhe Ad of Mateb I, 1879 - SATURDAY, JULY 17, l9J.2 THE 11112 ·oAMPAIQN T he cttmpeign of 1!) 12 wilt 6"e 11 memor tible one in history arid wh ic h will \ong lM! I"'CIIlCIIlben...:\ by 8oc1A fi&l ll o r th e future." it the tlt·,·etopmenl of the Socialist part y from what might be ' ' llt'"(;t " stage into the ent of Sociulism Ill! a pu li ti~nl force. inJ iddual wra t),f:iv!l o f the old party politician!! bid fnir o f the o\t! J lllrt l~. 'nml the g rowth of Sociu li~;m will · the old JIUrti!!:l elo~S~•r t O~;Cth er into Olll' t.ooJy-thc · -····,·c· _..•. ·;; 1 l n ;.()() eit iffl. it hill! alro·ndy IM!I:ome ll('('essury to l:Jurty ut.lw)(:rltl!ll in 11 fusion mo\'ement to beat the I n l ~H ti it wilt he m.,..•-ary to fu,..., hy stat;>;; . T lw ~ize o f th e S()(:ia list vote in l !ll:? wi lt Lt·ttj:'IH', IJJII." hoth l•e ~11 iol 10 lw of tht· sAlllt' stoc k liS 1111.! ll t•]'uhlic·Rilll-iS tl~·,·ou tly to Ill' hopt·t l for h~· the The !:inc iKiillt pllrty ent ers the cnmpa i~ u of 1!11:!. full II Del sure of its ~n·und. It is tho· on!~· pnrty whit-h "knows is HI" 11 11d holclll it" position. r.afe HIHI k rt·n ;> iu t he e\·olutiOilfl ry . ll t'1't'SIIi t~· 11nd it11 u lt imfth• tr iu mph. l' rc•dio·tio n ~ 1111 to tho· 101111 \"O le of th .. St><·ialiJ<t party III'"C prc•litnbk ·Uiltl n,·,·e r ill !o!vu,\ ta~k . \\',• d o not 11eo·k to win to ,..]uellh· th t• workin~ •·lnll'l. Tht· Sot·i nlillt I'Otf',mlly . [,.. · liiden"< l :u; the iwlo·x to thl' tl o·~,tn·c· o f ,.Jnss.con~~<:iuHI! 1 th,· ,,·orkin~tl'ills.-.. Sine·•• l !!Ol3 thl' cluo·II·J'II)'illll: uwmhc•n<hip of th t• . ihcr•• uso.,[ IWHrl~· fvur.fold . Thnt th t· ._: ' list \"011' th•· S/UIIf' pmporti on is n t ~i··HI cond usion. ,-.. ,·thr r this mul'h is ····rtaiu-when tht> old p nrt i<'!l 11"•'1 throuJ!"h 1'ariouofo rm.~of thi.tao .. ao<J do uble·eron.lll~r. ' to­ wu rk.iolf "lut:frOillatoa· I oft belrprod11t1. It J>llrfettly lrTellf"OII"-hblepie· local " uptaiu of iodunry''" pohit t bll W"loy by . ll"ll kb •II u o •~hle"e dllfl iactioa. (lcat.a robbed t hi:i r ff!llow-meu II£ ) •, ;~~~- will r:t~=--:-=~n-11 llto4:t~ ~i11! is l be mnd o• h_1· tho· work ing pnrt _1· is •·I ns.~ · n~ \'~r.1· u kel~· . in rolitl in th e; gO\)(! · POULTICING THE CANCER. T.,.;., ll to ro•form nu r n• fl~n O<>r>•l '''" ' ""' '·' JUU about ·~ """ ~it,t,. ;:~,~~ "rur~ a ran•·•·• •nih a pool 1irf' II oouo·l~ oooth iol(; lout THE '' f'lUEND8 OF LABOR.'' 11 II.& •l<>nn 'I · . •l•ol H> •n lb.- fonol ho1•r !hal il would hll' the drar worlr.in"manl · THE SIQNIFICANT NEWS ~~~p~tali~tir· QOINQ IT ALONE (B-, . Wlnll.ald ~ O• J1oftl..) , Theoe uldivid uallotl - Hepob\l.,aol, hf.l]• 1 ~~~~::::~:·~u.m:~=~~~~!:'"!:'::.:-~ tn ·. ""'•:, "~~;! ,;11~~~';:~",\~o:!~~~~~·;~.,!~~'\ ~(IH;:~;~~~~:.·~ 1~;';, 1 ':',11 ~h~nm~~i"~~~~~r:~: If w e n•n d th c ao C!Jitodute ~~ ~~'== 1:..:."- pnpcrs. nnd if we Are so u nused to ~ ~:·:,k:u:~:~lll~~~~inJeJ t>enoo• wii.~ uonlly 8odalbtll, y1111 - will be mll•tloDed- u....:'?Ob~ 11ld fait~!u l F'SdCI of ' the ~~ 1011 faet that Tom Lewla, fonaer- ~ideot ~=:f 1~a ;llor~ll~a~to:~.• ~.t-~.:: ~01111:.. ~~~~~~~~~.::~~=·~:0:tt~~ 7.::! of ~~ t;et. of~~~~ ::o!:·.~:~ I'!~ prie pteellll, w !C " " . aot till! m•ttc r of what tll•ir cb'lefa a.re doht7 !-:u:u:o.,a~t d:;D.,~Ita:! i1 g io tblr 1pare Umd _ __ 1 a few 8ocialiata u ,-et-tctl me. to the ll"'bolf' So<'laliot movcmeot toot! . .,h,fdna were to wlthllold tbeb labor. . _ ··pmrti~~ lrhat l prea.,h''-to ''prat· Oil I 1,.j 1 Soci.alilt. B~t tllat At4aotber t ime I (01 lato 1J1 al· OlfE 01" o-u., BJriDIIa. ' A well·meUiiiiJ, elaaritably.· iDdUI.-cf 1 1ir~ Nlri•li~m." mrao~ 1h11 1 will quit tb• joosle pme t~~atlo:, wlt!.t' breal . ea~te ·-~ la~hedr";;u~ !:i;!:.,~d:i;:';.:!..C::.:~ • d"'7,. Dth;b~t ~: - : : , : : •:::; j (to:\::1·1;,,! ;= 1:il~~~~.:~::::~ ~~~~:~~! wh::/::t~;·,~::~y=~t~~~~o~ ;:.~· J :~:~m• ..: ~omf!o 11 .~,~~lii~JY~ 11' 0 II t.ba l d t,-.. '11 •Ko'i ".''"~ lu>m h> t bolwo••ld aalld oult 111 wip. 11111 tubl!rU· 1 """'illi~t k l •uriog a U fdlali• t dj.,. i am goiog to];., tamely Jo...u llld ]1!1 wlwn, bj 8t1Hag a piHe of land h.e ::!"::.~:~a·=:~..t 11~:lllnt~y, . Amenn_ 8~ti,JCIU - · ~r. \. Too, Ban hl:t.p. . M~· t&Oti•m I• oot great · lloough to ~~ aod. ':tme~ ~ll c~!d;llll ~.tk , :·:~:~:1! ,7'i:::er~~: ~if!":; ,:,~·~ti: ~~;~~ I 01 ' "~.h1e~;t·w 1 nt 1 me 10 pnetie~ Soi.,aliam ;::.ll~~~:ll:ylhi:: o•tr ,:;.,,t:;•:r y::: hJ j: ~~o~.:..~t,OOO. ia owal!d by Dao U•o"t;,"'" · t."'::e:!!:: :.~::. ~~·~;\~. oto ~:::~~~~~::~t~~~~~~.. ~-~~~lc~-'.:~~~~o_i ,:t~~·;l::~i' ~~;~: ::n~~:,'~;· t~;~ . :·:~~~ ~~:~~~-~~~~~ra~~:l,::li::•~ ~~.::·! I ;.::.~ ~~~=. :::.~;~::;.! tbat created Tb~f m:~r.:; •h•~d,dl:e ~:~ :!:~tta~; :~a.0~i:So~~t;~:l:;~;l:a ~:.U" talk ::~· ;l::.o','!l~·~t~>~;' }~~"~)~llll;,~;."';~o;::.~~k~-~~~ecl'~l~~~::ll:'l;~' S~Ie:h.:l~l1cl~=t~lt~h Iw~:o:,~~~~~~;;,~:~ll.:~· ::;;:•;: ~:: ! h~~··:o •::b:tu7t~·;ll~:t~~"bf! oi~..i:' ~:d 01~~~~~ ll::d ~1~1 :::i;::d ' ;o ~.',; . . •lld •imple ' ' ualoaiam, aod erdl n lla;reo~t deaJ ,..·•lue, and are alwa,ra mi!O!k b oa~b le,la<laeYe r di!IICe'adtomls· 0..'\ tlaiDJt you cu. aboiJal:a U.. d.-~ bJ'isDor· Uta it. TM 01ua ltnA1e la \h•- ar-\.fKt ·Df u.i11 Dc·hs th ll ~~~~~~·I \~~~ ;:~~~~t··~-~:t;~~·~i;~~e;~~:~~~~~~n~tt:-ltlhetlf~il~~~} elHssiiO!iol nrity Oh. y o~'l. thnnk _w.u-the = loc1allata 4o DOt. &&b \be dul ~ 'fMJIDt.· 1:i:: ~~~~:·1 t~l~lt\~:l: ~·~~:;~~~~J>:f;~)~·i:~:~: ~h~;~: ~~;ewt;;~ :,~~~~ hS\'C stn•fl!!lhNil'\l it11 position . We• IIIII)' wdl ho• pruud of ou r elmdidllh'ti, == 1111d llllltb 8n11olay Scboolt of thir Dll.lUn.I IJ"u wil'.l eapetilllpcolll.iDellt-1! . .A~ warkel'll, 1i ,TOll .a,~ very,. ~~· n·•· k or liO·nlld-~~··s r11ilro11ol ; or ~1ow much money t he t·a~hi •·r of l ".idral Nlm.ra~n.bip,' aOO all. I bat~ la· j • "d we'll Jo·dare tbe truce bet Wee~ wlllinl to bay. ti e , hac! dlltll t bf!e 11 t':':~~:::- ~~~:~ . ,':".~or!!:; ;~~ - ~:e~:.bf!:~ of ~~ ' .. ,;h•o:.::~n;"t'h:f !~lr.~::ll :I:; llnillc::...:~~:.!::~;::ll t:! • 111ob of ordlu ry ~:::.~::.:;}::·~r::~tf;;:~f:~~:;~.~:i:~~:l;.::~:~;~·:~;~~:·~~~~·.'.:;.·;~·~ I~~i:;~::~:i.~~~:::;~:.if5r:~~~ ·~:i;·:;;:f~:r::,~::;~~::i:~~: ~:~ ::r=:t~:;;;,~;~~:,:~~·~;7: ~:~p;::~:~;·s·.~:2E ·"· .::~~.:f:~~~ ~~:·~7:;~-.t !.h~~~ :1t~l~~~.: ;r~~t·,.o1 ~;:,~r ~:~~:~~:i;l~:~~ o~1.t'~~: ~~~~"-':~~~rL~~~tle;!: ,;;:~o;:..::~.;f ta pj;lu;,'~;o,fn::: ~~: :~~ ~7~o~·:~~~:·~~ll ~::.~~r~u~~; ba~:~..~~. he .. ;,J_ Jte UJoecled ::roll; ,!deao!.tl~e f~t : he ~:r:lag. tt.... qrgH;~i.~~:~h;;·ii~:: :;';~111 t;1~e·~·/;~rs.J~~t"~=~~t"'t~~cni:o~;rt of Loui11 XIV, it :;e·~~. :~~!~!.;~::ldi/:ll·~~PI!~er.: .. ;~J:·m , &..l•li•t- A11d 1 hatf! thl• bor :::: ~~~~blltllu lo ~~. opioloa ;~dW" ~~ LUG~ ~.... ;~:ll kc;::;.~~~:.~~;~~~:~~~ ~;n,~o;~t:,•:;le~'; :~:e i:~;i~7t~~~~/~h~h~t·~~~~~~~~~ !':ud~ti::~:_~t~~:: ~=dll~e.th~.;:;~": :t~a;' ~~ltah~:e~:.n,~a~loi:·, :.:~ ~r; :: ~~~~:! b~~~;!'rtot~~~:fOdofl t he jult .: bout d.:id-.1 ~;u:uk :.,u aad ea~~:~,.;o;:~f:ll:r r::~:~od~ :L::~7.11~o~:.:~.~~·;~l;~:~d~~;;;~.:~:~~~~s:~:~:~~:~r ~=n~~~~·:r:.~f~~ ::;:~~ :··~~f::;:;:~:~:;:;:;;::~:::o;::! :~.~.:~ d:~r~~~':::;;a.REAI.JZE ~ to ~·~~:;t~~:~~·~te:f!:•~t·::: doae ~:=e~;.b,d7:: :: :";"~ q;;:, Yo u ' o f th e p r olt• lllriHt - \'OU '''h o work for a fraction or the ad•·i1e to 'bt> gell.tle,'' wbile be i1 Ia A• for o>e, brother 11r tom r•d.-1 $400 worth of labor by w eBlth ~·ou hri ng into f'Xisten~(', fl~f' th e 11rbiters of_ th e destinies ? f • r~.. of wild n l•-d Wbal be waau. i• &fll only. onf! mao, •• tool( ·~!on lene lu~ "ban1e acaoh. ~·~~~~~:~~~ 11 "i!ri\~1; ~~~~r~o 0:. 0 ~~e r~:~!~2~.::k:~net~~:u~~~t ~~~!~~; ~~ ~: tb:~\!:~e~;: ina .m:~:~:~ ~~ ~=c ~i~l~:a::·o~~:e~A;O~~ th e working dus p ropAgandA. Ke ,·er tnind what the pi'OBtttntelt bt!J aad yo·, do ll '.need to tllU b~ to ~~:;.~ea:;":Or~~~ ~hH~~e~ef~~~~i:;J)·~~o~c~i~it~~~~t~:)~ ~o; ~'lnit~~!_ ~o~\:o~t=~~:;~m\'odeol hill• .. .,.,, and the m nne! k e•·p you io igno ran ce o f the a,ctiviti!s of your brethren of thf' worki ng d111111 in C\'er y mi ll. mi n e and 1wealllhop .or. ci~·ili~ ~oc i ety. If y~t~ know that ~·our co ~lra~f!s of l~ e worlung class to other 11hop11 t'lltl'l\ a nd lll&t es 11r e 11ctne Ill pushmg t he propaganda, ' "011 will bt•. spu rred to g«at er efforts. Ther e for e, th ey say nothi ng u!Jout it. But lh t> com raU~~ a r e Ill work e\·erywbere. l n 20.000 ~>ho J• s. •luring th e noon hour of each bleaed day, the f' ea sel•·lill a-n t ion. t>dl!cBt ion a nd organization o f the working clas1 J.!"O:H:·S on. Do ,·ou r pB r t in your shop. The othef!l a r e k'e~in~or pace with you. YOur t'O ileern is uot t he J e \·elopment of th e Hp iri~ of nt.. Ooldftl :au~.. · • Soei•liam ;1 the gololeo rule-SOCIALlZED, aorl 10eially applied. MortOVI!r ~i •l iam 11 ..en mueh llh !be go ld ~o r!'le i11 tbia r~ J>I!CI, that It i• not S.:OO<I for aoytbio11 but plati· tu•lu If •pJ>lled to oDil Olllll. Sof:i1li•m ;~ colledil'e owuenbip aud dcmorr1ti" mi.oagemf!II L Yoo ua't Pra~t i"e t"!t witll o11ly o11e 11l&11! t he .t1op wher e you a re em plo~·etl . The comradew 11r e busy il_l e\'l'ty haml ;,t. town 1111d l'ity, am\ in t he waste places of th e deaert: See tha t YOl'R t••rrit ory ia not n eglf'c ted The r e1t of th e w or ld ill tn k ill ~ care of il!lt·l£. r e!lt 1111.-.ured. ' iu11 loau ali ot ber ltrf!aml ot life may ~~:•ther lata thrilling h1rmoain. It ia ~•pable of domioatlal! •II forcea ud •·ibru iou., whea niii!Tflll ia uaiaoo pm· . WEALTH AND LABOR the ~h~ ,"":;tall ~robl,~, .bat be•a• 11 1u llt~Jt; 0~ ~ •0:~, ~~~~:: """'' ""''J'"'·I •• ;:t~~ ;;;.,~:~Yto.J,\"Il~:ll" t~':~~''::: ~!~~~a::, •li';:~o~::Ys;:!~"'~!!;~ .(BJ' ~pb ~) other llltmbe.n of lot'lllty, ~<~~•• .,e• blttlen look after ; u.,b tblap. do 11 •1 Strang!! how bard _It it f11r ao"'e • ,rxl wome~ •ud cbUdru, to-.ewilefCI. y'k•o• , wblk rut pMpl•, u1- l••• "?T 111 : · or 1 duced, but ~omt biiW' they ~aow, .0 ' lUND. ~T I S P II: ODUC ~ BY LA· marty i• tbe ,..,, thn Ger1. . .,. " " ' • lhlak th•Y kn?w, l~Jt labo r 11 at ou BOB, A:O:D BY LABOR , ONLY. ~by brirlul aio. Tlo• • - laet beat oaly rarta.lly ruponlblf! ~or tace · that th• 0f!flll&ll JIIO~ are beala•b.a pro.Ju~tloa ot Wlltltll... _ A RESULT OF to tblalt. abo11 t tile bett.naeo\ ol their •i~\·:~~~~~~>r:tr: ;~~t! ;,i~~~~~~~~S~~~:~;~;t 0io!t~~Y tiTS:ith0 ':dhr~~~~:~ ~"7ta1tl ~'he;u~!~~d=~ to , ;llll" it alooe. •a1· ;1;1"'~~~~Q~,·~=~=~~~~~;:.~~~~ ··~Jt•rrie Engl and. '' ::' ~~e:h:r.. :l,:r~~.~.,:o.;.:;~i 11~':~:: ~~:U:e:U:::'~t~:~· w-r:,~iago!~o Ia,~ Th., hol y trinity of &w-ia liam: Agitate, Educate, Organite! ~:l:•,;:,~;bd.,:b;:f:::/:1 ~:~1 ; :::~~~t j;:~~ll:.i~~!edn::'nt~ll=~ :~ ~~~;R~~w'!.~~:OOUS· ::~~~~~~~:: :;~~.'!!' ~7~u.::-;;,'-;: IQNORANOE co pies or The· llllh'ati"u or tlw working claM rt:'llhl not upon lettd en , Soeisl "iali•m •IDH aot fit bum•o ua turll, .ad atratlool lont n [WII "-e education o r th e thenwhts. !t.,:: 11:b-t u, ot ht:rwi~. ~~~ ::1!::, it alilit t o ~ct without •·nrniu t: whllt the work er eK rns wtthout gl'tt mg. . . . . . . . T he Socillh.~ l poht!t·n_l Jlftrt y 111 the pohtiCAI e xp r~auon. o f the working da!lli ' df'tHIIIllllltHJn to co nt rol the ~ roduct of Ill lnbor and the lt•Mill of itl! rmplo,1·nwnt The dlUi!I...COD.SeiOUII wor\ent eon trol th t party. It is th ~·ir p rol'~rly. . , T he sRy-pilot.s who nr•· ··m1tmlll'd b,\' the r ich t.e_ll you thll.t if yon Wel't.• getting $10 11 dn_y iust··n,l of $'.! thnt th;- fin;t th.m gs yon \\'O~ild do wo ul d be to IIW.!p WJ\'t'il, hu~ t you r homf' tnl o l!llllhereen.~. htt th e preae btr on th e_ bt.•U•_I wit h 11 uml_!,• t Hlltl hlow up th e chu rch. A!ld Th o·~· th111k they 11.re n ot to be tru!lted With 1110 me people beh e,·e tt! mor e tltan $2 a da):. .· w~ • II'"CII bD~r::~~r.emy . ~ Toa... Knowing tht •he wu ti"I DIJ oo the \ n~om ll of bo...;l• aa <l •toch lf!ft ~f! r by bf!r fathllt. I d ro~ped tile remar\ that It • •• un becomi11g in her to deoou11ee 'til~ ~pie wllo were 1upportiDI{ hlr. She bee•me \'e ry lndiga1ot ~n<l ,.;d that lhll bact no one' to thank utept h.f!r father for th e moaer &Ill! • .,, reet l1'log. 1\""o..- her f_lt hfl had been dead for ~5 yf!afl or mo rll, e .. ~., hl1 lllrlbly reml!!l • • had probably eeattd _, uiot; I"· =- flllll!meot bf!lar ouop\ed but workiar- aad tlleir wauld bf! . -11 w Lo ao out way tO prov 1 it. · , ; Wbr i• It \hat ali the infllrltn' lDIJ platf!ll are ocup ied by lllf! Of - B«IIIHI th ll work~ ogmlla, by YOtlll, petmil thll eapital/IU to 0 w11 UJtlolting indult ri n. Thill eaabl• eapitalieh to compel th e worlr.en yield .'up to" them t be lloa '• obar11 th eir ll& t oiqp 111 return tor tile 1 l'resiclenf Tafl induce• It" pnr•lo11 won111 11 who had c11.\ured th e =.i:lilrm! I am ready. ::; tlowufu!t of '11 16-yeor -old girl. l 11· ••un.~•· .,f 11 ''[l'Oell1 .. writte n by :the ~ut l •hall nut bf! ao foolilob •• to at· •cr.ou1table magic supplied her witb re luae tb f!lll.lllh'lll ~~ 11t1 ~!~ 1~ !rom W•gllllr'• Enaiag Star-If .!bey were a.l lhll 11101e time ba11(iag out wit b t,..bal, drum, t~mboae aad hal· .....,., tbe ll"tlngling rai tlme tuoet from Cooa-Towa and lbl! llld w•y d•aeef . · Whu. U..y brand my ..ut ll"itb bot irou~ they nl• n·e~ tb•t I tlioeb._ Wllll n lbf'1 t• uat me with bltlllr word• t hey •aoder tllat I do uot 11a1wer •lwa.r• ~~lf!ntly. Whea tbe.r r~ot W tabe my h1·cng aoll mr labor '• prodoct, they call me '' de•·llr 'gamNtllr' '-i.f 1 do ~te l ::~• ~:;m:.~:,tu;~. :~-~i::! ~:~ ' po;~i:,:,;o t:~barll li"laa. :~·~u:;··thli~;c~~~~ ti~aiti t:~e 1 •1 :.~~~,:~:~·ti~1 11 ~~\i1t1 1~~~r~~ ~= :~a;:~~~;'l~ :~mt':.te j~!=~~:;·:r;~;. t!:lC~~:~u~1~: f.:!,;::d0 ;1~itf~i.~~·:de~~;l~::"~:: :; :.~~gv:~~';! ~~~:.trlea IIJ,:"ftinat. whoe<:i 11 t rik ing parents Tuft i!IHU(·d t hose infAtn0118 in· cant~DIIf!d. In "'Y own little ainf!le ~!.Jew p.riated •lipa of ]llf>'llr! • ~~~~~~~::n~ l:~d ~~~~~: ~:~n~:~:~~o~ts~~~~"tu~...!x. C:ft ::d~~ ~i~l;;: :::, •~ki;~ll 11°~ ,~~:;iced~: h,:~;:,oeb--:; f;;i;;o;:~~~:f~r!: ownt~l hy th e PreAident. . wltb~ul tiT~ tD·OJIIIt~tlo n Clf a 1111!1- eould pr~luce ail t b- "t bioga. She RtiDMlveiliJ .oiii• . 'O> Soeialltt t it bt1" theTimnaad !JieKI>quiretof l•lr ci ty •tat eav~ t~lli r 100tt1111po,..,., Ia tace •tt&illlllpr-e kipt of allia· Ia tro• U•t lM Eoqu ir~r ne_.. •oet maafully ID of U• muter~, &Tid th• Ill poor, wNt 'waf, d~ foUOw tb• u ...... p41tac or b"'U.er; bllt tbay wh ruld• duti11iea of tiii!M loul lll.ttRJ"bers Oradll&tl AfWr 11 Wkile." thll dally ~-.. •.it llalf· their ' a prob.._ that tbe "C..Tellaw b.lll Ia beloN tacll yoaar ...,. ~I poadefo, l(iaot of tile w...t. Ok. 1'0'1. who le.-e- ~~~~?.;: :fll!~~ry """""~'·'-''' Cblcago. She ailo dated tt.ll tell II oilto tbt it I• •;orker~~ wa;'u~ll ::.,~;-::~ ~t :~~t =~~~~-::::';Ida:~:::;~~~~~:~ wo~~~:~r;~~lllblt tU l o-tn. "'l'ht' OW!lf' l'l>h ip of mneh inery made by oth er meu e~ables th e : all· ~;".,ftu~:d h-:e:~!!;.! l'; :~~e~:::; ~ ::-:;~ ::~~~·:::~;." ~rteY f:r ~= 11: ..::~:/:t~::l:l to iHt or ~~~:s : ::ltyi, t-:d low 10 t:i "illt you !WOO worth of thillplfnltl.a, e-oolidtrM by tht.l • •JD-' body ia ~pie tii .IJrup ao u mple • pror-1· 'lou J>llrbapa ate 110 ~ _to blun.-t.be ~t, -,'kaow, are trallloa the utral lion u th11: WEALTH IS PMODUC.. .•Y•tem 1• 10 blame, btU uad.er thf! path •..t ro 01 ia( to ita lair tile my• ~:D B\' LABO:R. . ir•tem Y" are t hll reeipll!at ot 1101'" terlou bq that 111aiiH · we;lt.IDa JIII'O"' There ..,tp.all ~ •re tlloulllad• of ~ goodt. pi• objed to the rut• ot t!wlr bea•Yopte to •holll th 1• ld ... II f!atl~ly n~w, Bot Ju ot tho be ll•tl to ~ 1111 ..,. Jeat ma1ten. A.-a 1 otbu tllillp t ile no! who would bf! far 1,-om hllllll"1111". qaLiat•ace 00 the 0i't-'te "de of •Priday C11lture Club" will diM:.,. if it were broul1{111 to tbllh attf!atioa. •treet. . "TN o,_tb 11f Sodalim~ Ia Qn. .Of uu~, th ey ~re aot able to WEALTH OA!( BE PRODUC 11111ay,•• ~lllcll wlli pr'!h&bly b. ''lli"J ~::·':r~~~ i~•c;1~~A~;:;fT~;:~hi.~ o;h;~c;~g~b!;~~~tw~~~~m;:Oii~~~.c~;; Ar'!o:~~n;,: .~;-~~·m;.,~~~fo!lld 01 :::!~: :~:~ ,:~~~h~~rte!';~::O~, ll;:~t:~~~ P;: in -a; 111 ~=~~~~~~t"!!idhllhi~~-:~:;r~ew:t.be 801.0110. Ia 0~ That tM Ealle" Park d.U Will " uathe t i - It tollllpeed • moatb I , 341 penoaa, it the ulll · four w~eka ot "cardul by Diltrif t Attoroey well, ud .10 tbf! dDI!k wu \U There '• • dis! It ~~~~ ... jutt wbt br 1 fet.rJe. wbf!a hi! df!hea I•at tbe rnaaifHt rillk 80-ho...e-power i.n.Lel· to •rrive at \It'-' mar-ntre- 1>ilaatu.....ria _o f dl!order~ ml11d1. atr!Ye to plda,. to yeun.elv~ Biif Tootac·, tM ~ ..e .)(aa, u .Ike le.der ol 1M Bod.aliltl l r~ae, jf YCIII ~11 11, t he 1'DIIti.oa bUlly belo•ed of the St..r · Trut eio the bomble 101p-bos aad the palnia 111i11t of_alaughtf!r who ll"aouti" foi Ilia tOiliJb rldm "IDIIIl 11111 mvelT wUli.IIJ', kt at;u:Jeq til !ght, " let.81c« Uoe A•eri.e•~• llf!eti_oa 11t the bteroatloal Party of PHeel Do tlt.il, -•ntT ;roa'JI ba~e· lOme toaeeplioa of tbo ot the l••~aalloa of lhl• of Dll_..; but. pod· .ehe11'ill ''<'ery J!!alt. lllepb.all !;~f~.:::,~;~:~·1~tllfl .• {~rert ertr, 10 th at the warlten will t ile fol_i vLioe of tKir labor. ,..,..NIIee tod•IYe iat.Citbew•lrda.darat~t~m• • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-07-27 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-07-27 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n008_19120727 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n008 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9ed3f1455a3c1147898e85a6ec6bd7bc.pdf 72c284a3fd8c618e170c757a7d419c63 PDF Text Text BUPPALO SOOIWIT OK •SALK AT IGft STANDS YI[JIG!SDAY TO SA1VRf>AY oo~~-~IIAIYI~ ... . . - . - - ... ---:- THE BUPPAI.O SOClAUST ISOWI'IKp· ANI> (X)III'B(lt.UI) BY THI! .YORJOIIIG CLASS .- VoL 1.,-No. 7 DEMAND ARREST Of lAWRENCE.MILL OWNERS Annual Picnic of Local Buffalo Draws ·4,000 Crystal Beach; Speaker, Discussing. CapitaliSin's Mad Search -for Fordgn Markm, Asb: we Produce Three Loaves of Bread for the men to Have One for ~lves ?" on Foot to Bring Officers of Woolm Company to Trial on Charge of Arussorles Before the Fact. �GREITER .SPEEI -- CREA'fEB . -y HEATER EFFICI~NCY - A.Rit TH B L.OG JCA.L. R&SUL.TS O Jt INSTALLING THE UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER. tbr. u ~erH ~ JlhY•lrieD wbue fouDd,iDedllltioDtoad~!'llull th ~ !or.. bud, Mr. Y~kome ••• '""'"· J· •no•oto ill¥. !roru a brok~l; lr11 and lajurediDtrrnally. . Juothow theio.echlrntoccurredi•io Tbe -J' bo1 ijlrturda;r Dlghl. · tli•l~ute, atul 111 the .. Jr•·•tllr i1 mufh 6th, ,..,., O<'~uj>ietl by Comrade Exclusive Underwood.featu~es mak, poaalble the most.ll1)port&.nt labor-savlna systems of modern accounting. 'rbe ever &.rowing .flemand. putt the annual aaie. 1 of Underwooda Car ahead ofthoae of any . other machi.De - making neceuary the la rgeat1 typewriter factoiy and t~ largeat typewriter office building in tM world. Catholicism ~m ~,:atut:•tioll t('oil'll~··l In• ol!io·~ oo 'lr <'OUII! "'Qt.,.,.,,.,. h" m tbi• ,tn t~. CQtr> · �-y,Jaly30. l912 BUFFALO SOCIALIST - . . . - J Addre&~ · Amount per week$ • . .. J' prefer su!Hards.. 1 1 prefer e:~trn eopies. Fill in thia plOOge a'nd 1nail it to the Followinsr addrctll!. • , Sec:rearry Sustainer's LeagUe, THE. BUFFALO SOCIALIST. 52 West Eagle St.. · ~uffalo, ~- Y. �f ~~w. • PU!!U$1\&0 WSUL'r In' Tll& , BUFFALO socrAUST PUBLISHINQ COMPANY . - ~} SlY.~S......INISoor . IUPTALO.N.Y. =-~T=-~ ~~~:::;... ~•f••Sl .W.z.,&.a..t.WO.... . , JSUI'P'AtO,N. Y. • ~PtbSI.OOper~.!ocllb:lllllllb.pt.Y.W.to*- ~' Ell~ .. te«<l)d-elMI matt~ lmle 6.-1111, -,t \he ~ ' omee at Bdalo, lCe:w York, under the A~ ot Xudl a, ltr:i SATURDAY, 'JULY 2ll, 1912 • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-07-20 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-07-20 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n007_19120720 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n007 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/533335b1e1ddd1f0f0c36d9d20056814.pdf 2175b7b87904a07bf35ca0968a853213 PDF Text Text THIS PAPIIt H.U INTDIST 5BPAJtA.n. AI'IJ) APUT ~ WORIOft<i PROM 0 CLASS • Price Two C..... �~~~~~;::!1':~1e, tbe lllrtb•t tbew•ae lilt;. The breatb of · - ~~~ uld th• t be wlab ed b.roftloe~•ltould Aub~r11. Tbe11 ~rb.p• romt 0111 ol their Rip \ "• 11 •. Wioki"IHp u.d ~~;etln tbe b.,neu•a•l tlleloed tor •tew to 1 ...,. .11-for tap/,,;.,,~ .,.,_ en., , . '"" ,_,.,., 16#. ' �a/llt/Worrut.t Flue J e'llrelry Repa.irin& m :::J.oi0Ter-ra9e. Buffalo, N.Y. ,. ' H"' t.uCM:b ff'Otii8:10A.X.to l P. M• DIMJC'UU SUYI!D !if-- Mlohul Ulrloh ..s•• ,,_ . ,,...,_1J11'J i ~.rllf¥Jei iH1 Sf.,,••,..., cf 474 Ellicott Street, coma V byinia. B. Scmoffsky . . i . M ·aker of SJ~rna , t ot all kind• 301 William St. Proatlet· Pbooe ........... . SOL. KISSIN • ......... N lmpocud Ru.iaa WeaoUky Tu SAMOWARS A TOBACCO .lii~=~:T~~~ 'i ! b Ei'uffalo Office • Furniture Exchan.ge " -~~. . . . 31. . b•..-e • P oll UM at All Tl.me. ..,..... .. tmct,._. .........., r Ben. Pmatler 14811. Topper tiM-} Weintraub i t I Dealer til. , ...Ill, llpJI. CIIUJIIII. - ............. li Betl.Se!ltel1015& 1 TIIIQIIIIIIIIII ....... eg w uuarq s t. YNA!Ier401M M. ABELSOHN· • • Jmpo.tocl aDd Dqmatk wa-. uo~u.,;.... ........ 'Special AtwldDD Pale!. 10 tbe !'amll7 ..a William at....t:. !l+u.,.~ c'-••'•" S. B.tnnttt litu1t~r 'mad• Clt~lltu 1562 Ma.IQSt .,..._~~-'61 .... ...., F.W.HILL KeepS 'the 6e'st'"MHt ,.., tn Buffalo. I t . . I d . 8 t ' 1 �4- PVBUaaD WUJQ.T BT T1IE , BUFFALO SOCIALIST PI.IIIUSHING COMPANY .- ~ gw.b,..Sand.:WIIaor ,._·· IR.IP?ALO.N.Y. l'ltAJUDta~,T- ,.lt.UlTmK&I!II..D• . . . - . KuaT TUTTlW.L. ,__..,. STai'HDI J, M.t.JtCJKaT,- ..... ~..,. , srw.~I.S~t.~c.SdH- 8017AtO; N.v. ~PtbS~J1/Jprr.,_.SOiclllb:_.,...~,..&Wclll -- ~, ....uu - Entered .. aoeeoad-e'---;;;~JQ.Oto6, lilt, utile ~o&e·t­ Bmtr.to, !ie"' York, uder the Ad of ll~ a , llrii � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-07-13 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-07-13 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n006_19120713 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n006 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/751f46a8526f1a78b67de92ad01d7dd8.pdf 3f0d7aa2dec59493ea5c827ddbf8e6a7 PDF Text Text ~WJ&~·~~~1 Prici Two Cents A ,...olt.I.J pt.etan, '•blc.b tJae h11 c.laet of BdaJo bow. per ltatll \0' be' .U \Do .tnae. ed by tlle .Sew York World poe~~teot tbeeoediUouof le Buffalo '• boll: f.ac.totl ... It ~ t }oe New OJ!OIIiDg ill tbe ball.e-aho1,. ia the f:alot "'·· ·--- - ~-·--. - ··:· aaking tb..t t b.e · • orken detb~ uaioe lab.P:I o o t heir bread. It i• reaoo rted thet they are m~t i es wltb grea t 1\u:c.Hil, that maay of !h• e mplo;ring hahn ba•·e •igeed eo lj!tee· ment'f[itlltbeualoD,aod it iii!S"pe;::tt!d that ill • few olay1 rhf: rut of the em· ~lo,-ern will h.a•·e 1au~ie(l Ql tb e <Ill·· I ma..ae of the u rikeu, aad t he mu .. wlllbebarktowork. �·a.aza.a Satu~ay Evenlnc, ,.au,.. . AT· FRANitiJN HAll aa w.. - s . . _ o.o......._ ....... ~- · ,.;.,,.,, ur t..,."o•••du la ~....,,;,, , ; • .., · ~ l il•l<"l" r 'o foelllt of view, '"' :..____:•...Juu• ..... 00111 1 " ' , .... ...... , ,..,,, ... ,.,..., loh..•·,.• m•uva t ...... .. , ..,, P:a t•u<l&,- :.-.~~~ ~" "'""'' n•o • tb1. IJPRtNOVrLL£. N . Y . 'fh ,. llntr•lo ~iM ii • t !• J•I•rc•l ul .• hl' re ,,,.,., _., t'r lo1n y 11 tlh· ~ 1 11 1~,J lu ~t. ... t,•r '• r u., t .-e tion .. ty .~ ~7·~·;',::;,'.·:::·.~.:~:~::·~·!~:~·~~:'~'T,~~~:.~ ~~.:;:;:/~;;;~rr.::.~·· 1 •r \ ' ''" '"'"II ~ . 11 IM.rl Bull.rll. .-u.... t wlll lt'l"etlw,.•cba""e t b.- ., .. ,, " ' 28;' •I I �t 'l·~ ~,"P<"'t~·.. ~· ' ly· ---~- ~~·:·. . ~ ·~- ' - �PlAit TAU( .. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-06-29 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-06-29 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n004_19120629 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n004 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/ee45bd2e49b446a19fbb61de99daba0c.pdf 2c3f157c6a1dc85aebc86f9a4fc49d6c PDF Text Text r: 'f te Soriallftt uf A11b•ra, S. ~""'1 tlwloe day. 111&ld111; tbe 111!· , .....,. teii&III'Y ptepal'llt~• aad 4!-..,Jeymenl o r t iMI for the t dm fort t~Gidautlt of So· ciai~U fro111 all_t,.rlt ol t be_8ate .nn ptbf'r h1 U a t eir.y in • f tow TH <~«uJon will b., tbe vulh>B oftbe ~i&lltl 8bl.e of S ew York, wllldl • Ill ill A uburll1 S.tur ilay, . J nae �u..-u...,.;.. .sociali~t--Women's ----- Club II Ctam - bandna'. il11 r.r ,_., tir.t'ttm. SOL . KISSIN JO) Wlllla• Sl. I:I Oii Jtttouf "n• l J b~r,. •~n 1 a11,. rr...,.a Imported Russi;ln Wasot:ky Tco1 &"MOW AA!!. ~ TO BACCO All ldudo ut Vn lou M ad~ fllrotrtU•'" • .. HOC.. a SALI!.tlrRaTAIL ...- E•::::;;;;;-c.i>ouJdll.., ... ~ "·~ h om llo "t <of • hta.-ea fo r '"' ,J , wurn ·oul <'IJ•it al iat. 1111! a fi>'O" fur 1h~ Wtltlllf' IO, 1-!!, thai of a ~ 1 r~>l~ l•tillll .. ~~~~~. -::--c-.,;::-==.:..:;;::.::::,__ ',... , .,...,. ' TII ,\1 ~' JTl'() N, U y 1•r and Oll!a nf'r _ ll oyt S1 unr l'utnuuu·, - I•JI .. _' aud ~~;~:·~;,~~~:::",':!'Je~~~:i~.~~;':r1!'~t!'..:: All •··· ,.~,.,1 I~ • li ttle cO.upc:rat.loll. If o•ar~ t~Uot tad,. .n1 l111d 1 ha11d a ad 1•111 lo b •luml<l~r Gradaat• Chiropractor to lht wb,.r l, thea '" l'ald '" Uulfal tl &oelall1t 1'ub ll1ohlll!;' 0u. r olh" r lll<'otlo Will, wat..Jio F.a•t An;ora. Dulldlnli. Jo'm•4· l 'oml'll•l ... .,,. ,,."" •lol•l!• your paitf SOCI-ALIST -PARTY and Booklet F.O.HANSON,D.C. PL~ ��.;;.;;~.~~.;;;. t .... j;ood ·~ olll ~~ T\a t t. til!' luell, •J til ide 'IOU ~OUJd ftlllra to , a_lld ~...- ~ o"rro Yotll aat.l~ " Tbe tj:~DIII!IIIU penJ:U...t in t aldnJJ t be' traill llllklllf tJae di.~O!!II h• b(luno.. 8111 tbe poiat i• tha t a l(ocitl -IIJ' ot~ P't'rtODt OJ!POM ~~·n- wit hOut l!oowiiiiC . .,.ibintr "• bout It, oa th tla~ tbal ·~ltD W~i11;tou, Jd· t e.-..a, )latldoa aMI Webtter, died,~~• • Wt ~latitll JlfOt"tt!ffd " 111111 t lil' a.,u.pttoa tbai wbea eeadltlon• eii&Uirf! mea •boald eb••l•· We belll!'le t.hat L1 Wuhl1po'"a "'re W badf t Oo e.rtb today, bl! "ould le.vto \ill old eoaela riglt.t where Jt b alld taile l b01 ual• ' =~e~a~~~~:,•ntl:~ 1 ~b:o; ::~~~~:.~jtta:::..~!At:,;o;~*:::.•,:; · 1 1 ;•::. : We bel~•·e .,. "ou!d 1 tbnt~ •••.r IIQ eaadl~ aad !)Ill ia ......,, olectrlew~ :~,:.~:'u:c:'~:~·.~':;;!: :~~:.e~~~~=~~,_ :C,':·u·n(illaa .. · tolll•oa ti11.e. Coaolltlou ba'fe cbupd •W It Will" p~r t or ladi•fd!Wa . to ' "" i be tlllap wltla wk.itk ~117 Wor~ I a t.ll- daya, Ute tki~ tritlt ' · wbick IIID •ockH .ue' relatlTtly ..WI ..a" •"-P• 'fbe rlil,._a w .. licit & r~.llr-.1 lllea, but &JI oldllo...iort•o.Uk~toaa-.ll. '1'\e-'oe bctoiy , oW mao oa a birlcb u.d..r wllida .,., h •ortb t l leat lltr. The aour- ' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-06-22 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-06-22 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n003_19120622 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n003 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/dc284addb4f44dcc27c5ea6b696e0232.pdf 32d2d0378a9438fe0ad43829c9410808 PDF Text Text �n. ' ..ht.r of ..-.an ._u. ta-ol la1Mi'Oft -"'·--1b ~~. pe•Uaopo.. ,..,....fto o:alr-.r-a~I•J}I i. em- in~­ W&Vrll ~e.w Ye...ll."n.JI\.1 c:lal'-'.: , .=% !,.,.~ Jti!.. Ea;t A .• - .oh ror• will bf. kkl oloiWI l ptb I t ~th t..dq.uo rte,., eoe Jlaio .,...,, lor lbl PIITf'C*' of Ollec'Li111 ollldale for · o-haiogtt.na. An melrlbefll aft requeo~tlld W ~tt.ttllillN!t!l iag .oWt pla.. ClaD be Nllde fo r • roullD & e&<~~ j:* iP NforetltefLIIeleetioll. eld o f tile J". rie Cou11ty Commltt« 111111 Orp n t « r - bOJ>e i OOI'tttOIIIe t bildif· llnlt y aad_ to boo- H•hll.. LITTLE VALLEY, N . Y . l..o<-1l l.i"l" \'all~y !"udali•t J·~rl,l' . . !:~~. ::.,:~.~~,:.::~::~. 0•:::. .:~.~~= ;·:~~ and Lf'm!•kr or Jluft'a lo an,J L<>l'k Jo(>t! .,..._, .. tbr •J'f'•ko• r• , f th•• ~,· rulu~:. Pom· rad e Mulfa ll •~ t .. d "" ,·b~o nnouo an•l ;,. trodur ... l tlo.• •J~•al<o• r •. h wa. i11t..r· THINGS WE SHOU~ KNOW' • · Auarrh~· •n•l roont ,.t it o~u n r~ •·t~•~~~llr •n•l '" all ! loin~:· t h•· ._,.. or ·l•lllh: ~'""" ' ""'em an•l """l""'"tiuu •ll"fll"llr '"''on all Tbiujl • th.Ja ..· of !ir... ·· -llualuoL .:;·.: :~~~if;):~;:~·.::::::·::.:::·::::. ~~in~:~:~~~}~~~f;~::::::;~ ~:;:·~ :~.,: ~.· "~.~~.;~~2E;::i~!~;_q§l~~~:;~~i::::::::r:?'~~~~~~~~th :0·.• ••:.• •• f art that "''' o•ral part11·• of touri•t• •"•J·II~h·t •Y•II•no. "' ..· bi~b I bot.• wbr lbrn'll"l tbr ,.;~ .o'll"nt r~. !S~:::·~~:::~;.~:: . :~:;:::;·:;~.~.::::·.~···,.::: ~;f:,~~:¥;~:~~.~]rf:;~~:r~;:~~~:!l~~j .~If~:~r~;~~;:. ~~- ,h:~~·~· Alto~o.~tb!r tho• turrtiiiJI ""' ,.,,.. of ., ol~r cbi··lo -tloo• 11urk"'" ~b11ij .,.ork a~d ""they noua t loo::'••.c•::·;~";~",!~~~- · ·~;;~;;:;~~-~;~.;,.';"· G:~i:i-:;:J~L:~;:i:~;,::1q:;~~~: ·~W~~~.;;,:;;. :;~ . . ,m;"" ""'""'' i"'"" ,.,.,.,, "'""'"'l ""'''" '-'m'l'"'""'· '"' ,. ,, ,.;,, ol lho ""'"'' loo• "" ,.,.. , ,.,,.," . ., . I! . .. ... . ?\;~~f~~~~~ ~~~~ii,~ Jli~~}"::: j t•~•"· Corw.altatioa, EumiaatiDo and BookJd arc. AJ:.)luklr Fru.. F.O.HANSON,D.C. Gradaate Cblropr.actor IT., near Bhnwood ·An.. BUF FALO. N. Y, Bell Pbo.le, T.ppitr iOJt • BARBAROUS .. dllbbi•• ... _ ,. fd tiM JUN • ~ ........ looo••···-·· .......... .. . ·-~ ., .... u tUt -.-nala· . . . . .t ...... ••na~ TIIIU. te('O'I't ..,.., ba "uie.Md Ia· t• •""' ... d•bkorl,r,. 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Wliea we Qodertook t.bia aU1peii<I.OIU wt, we f~lt • - ~h'~ U. ,...."' to t!lf R «i!M of oo.r uodenakiq, bat IIJOO• _ , . , . liW •-krfal wort aad tile more tlaaa· ..tblaet~1 OJI(IUI'SOe. of tbll abMt, we na"t ..,.,I, Mt ·.....,,.. rt~~~~h witkNow, pridtt.o.r-, tbe li!W'e anndowo of cwr W01'1t. ow ~ 11M ¥11Uetla.Uw.J, aiiiJ Ue tloowi.j ' •p ef t.ile ud t llellt llypocri..-7 Gf dte ,,,_ oa tbot olbu tide of doe fe-.:e oo will " bNIIIII\ to U e fo"' 111 rlaMDf hea•lll- 1.11 ORt •-·~ rt!al l•ue: ~ will ~ia work fo.- t lle eomilliJ ra.J>'IIIII whit. a 'rlaer coalldnec~ tltat wouhl do .}ut.ke \0 tile miRhiNt o f lbe •lrt:r. n .,... ll at.ohlldy 110 re&Wa ••,.. Ollr IIHimbe,....,lp aDd Soelallio.. akou.ld arrow from aow oo lo lup.i aad bouad• ia tllb t_hy. Oolllnde. u;l friudt, tlu! J*per U' Mze to "•Y· We b.,-, doae oUr wort, IIOW It ia OJ> to !'OU. t o make good. Tile way t o do U.it ill to iiet out uod al.lbauiJltio .... Socialiao• ill d 111 li•·e toj>le or tbe , day, aDd ta~ ar• buolirf'J. of Pf'Oi'le ia tbla eit~· wbo kaow 11ot!.iall' of h . I*-' your .ei~b~ retul tile BuJblo "Sotiali.c, or your abo1• mate; i f out, wily DCit r o .. t aftf'r tile111, ror.ratii'!J, nJ•Ia in tbf' iJI!'Oltalln of rec't'h'l llg li\·e 11'oritlnl! l'la- .,.,.,... ~~tbeataallj>flllat(lft beirinte~ll. •• WelldrlJ I'billiJ,.III&<Iethflltate.•ilntt batwitb tlftytll-nol.,..ell, lllll>ll...l wltll the tiJ!hting •1•irit w bif'll i lhf' reBuh o f "-011\'lnloa of jout~e. 11.- roul<l · nrr;r tbe who~ utio~a In an." nat l•~nal l-.u,._ It he Ull do that, U..Ue J. 110 reuon wh~· Wf', In t llill r h,.-, with. fh·.-·)lltHirf'<l bn~tl,i nl!' co.. nui<N...a•not n1'al thl! oltiO'r J,.J>erl aatl ilt a 1hort t imf' rank a mon)l' tbe forl!m.o.t JfaJ,..rl in til~ I • Alreaoly 110me of t!le t'Opra.!e.o .han~ n bibl;o,l till• •lrtf'rtninatioa t o ~Dalla I I..J>eraauec,.., Toabowwbat.can bf' <loneb.v har.Jworll wtohn;wltb j>rint t be oa~of dfourbll,.len: �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-06-13 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-06-13 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n002_19120613 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n002 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/05798312c545fdc3cd1b5fbce716d120.pdf 503899696f0afeca08c4c4328e6a23f0 PDF Text Text SOCIAUSIIIS Ttll! NIXT_ STV·IN Ttll! I!VOLUTION OF 50CII!TY PriciTwo C.nts �. Every garment Uni on· m:lde by the most skil· • led hands In the c raft. , And' best oi aii. we charge you no mor,e th~n you must pay for Ill ~It· tlng rearly made suit s B. KADET1KY . T~ILORING 2DD-2D7 WAIIIIIITOI IT. Cool ond' lro n E x . . THE SOCIALIST PARTY AND THE WORKING CLAss· By EUG.E NE V. DEBS �J _SOCIALIST DAY ~, CRYSTA:L BEACI· satui'day, 'July 13~ 1~2 · Ne;., Yc;rk ·lltate'ti Oandld&U• f&r Gcwernor • , on the 8oolall.tTIO- ·-·· -:- · ..J!di.UP<>a~Lo11 tlfe_Uve...~ Tkkl!t...pod Jah· 18th at~d aD)' da1 tho:reafter durl11g Seufto- ncepc Sltunlafl and Sundaii. ; . H"' •o.re to uk for S0<.1AL1ST Tk)fetf at the Tlekes Of'1Sce . ' • at the Dock, Jul7 l8 • . . TlckoU adult• ~c. • Children tl!Jc. O • • you r Tlck•t. • • the " - d q u • n -" I :lift" Ill~ r(<J/ eaUM! ol 1ft dl~eaae, ll:~t't'rrr .fO"' ll'tluhleDiay bf'. WoekPo.,.t.hat 11en·eo 011pply hfr abd tnvtioutOf'1'fryur~:analhl"'u""leoflllf'IIO<I,r. eon~ do'I\'U frum lhf l.ra m tllf<>t1Rh tt..- Thl" morn'l 'l'iual Mllumn 11nd f>a"" laloi•IP throu11ll t... r..~ Jwo ,,.~n tbf' hon~ of the l•tk lth Jhr ..,,,. on thfo J!irtlltl'mukj.d •••'itllt 0('1'nin~:.'' At th~ ]"Mill .,,..,.,. for•'" i~ oftO:On lrap~·l,..l. · t·~r ~<nr ....-~r.rdlo.r hll .,, ~trau•. of !Ct'\'rre f'1}fl1lll:l1, n ill di•plllrl' Oil~ of ! ho• l...o~ !""''"'• N ~<•no·lo1'11, Tbi!D tbl' '"'".'" UJ~rlill~t •lm.,... ,.].,.,... ·"I'• lil<o: l l!e on,. mat""'l .. ,......ond OJ...,UIII.'' •n.J l)Jil l(t...l lnlfl\t ~QI'• tb mu~o~h it ._ ,qu~u..! 10 ,1 uarl~r ib ~urm:~l ~iv. 1\ft'\f' t)>.~! n 1lurd or p ,, .ruu ,..ond.. r II;,. ~~r~t~l~//'11 ~UPJ'!i"'l J,y ll"'-,1 " " '':'' 1:<'1.. "''' " "" ,],.n't noli~ th,. (toll. J••thap•. •~'' tho• J, ..,.,] , ,.,.,,may mnko• hfr ll hu,.,;,.., " ' ."""· \ :uur>tJI II>t•no "dt,...,.,....., .. ],ul tho• r.,u~.. ;. t ht• ..,, Ill<' fvt 1ll. t bt>uzh a t •ll rl'o'ttnl ]'h" .."'lil' "'llth,.,pin.,, \'nnr '"I!IO!d~· i~ . ~ilni•lo• a u.J c•·rta<~>-1.,. uu:.•··· thai o!..ndly .......,. l'n"~"''' lor t.rw.: u•IO ],..rk th~ ,.,.nrhrn ' " >!,• n•t nr~l ]oO• i t lnu. Tin• I• a·bat tho• t 1•1fU]•n'lrt"r ; •. """""""'"''........,.,11 ···~·.·· ·'·~·. II•· ,.,.<::,r-,..•io•nto!lc no.,thu<l tf'llll>'t'l l bo! (4''"'",. fo•J••u r oit•l<u..., '' ' diubilll;t. ouul n•J,,.,.,,] nalur,. " ""'" 1hc r e-I. Th•~ ,, {•1<'1 I""'"' '' "' bnn<lr;•, J• ,.f ··~···• ,f ll\ t•r I l<o<luo·r ,...., ..........,....~.... "''''!:~... �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers Description An account of the resource The Socialist Party of America was founded in 1901, largely as a response to the United States' new industrial economy. A 1908 study by party leaders showed that many of its participants came to the movement after reading socialist literature. In turn, the proliferation of socialist literature was helped by an increase in literacy rates, lower costs of publishing, reduced postal rates, and, prior to the first World War, relatively lax government suppression of print matter. This collection contains a number of the socialist newspapers owned by the University Libraries. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource University at Buffalo Libraries believe this work to be in the U.S. public domain. This work may not be in the public domain in other countries. Language A language of the resource en Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Socialist, 1912-06-06 Subject The topic of the resource Socialism -- United States -- Periodicals. Socialism -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912-06-06 Relation A related resource MicFilm HX1 .B83 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-021-BuffaloSocialist_v01n001_19120606 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-06-11 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Early 20th Century Socialist Newspapers LIB-021 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v01n001 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 4 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. United States New York Erie County Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. Buffalo Socialist https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a12bbdc9bf95503a7202214e0c1f67b3.pdf b32e3a6c3b4ab8adcad954ef43309ad8 PDF Text Text ��-·· --· I ~====------------ contents BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STAFF EXECUTIVE EDITOR, UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS Robert T. Marlett ART DIRECTOR Rebecca Bernstein UNIVERSITY MEDICAL EDITOR Bruce S. Kershner PHOTOGRAPHY Jim Sulley David S. Ottavio Ed Nowak ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. Maggie Wright Ms. Rita Wolff 3 HEART TRANSPLANT • Team of UB physicians performs Upstate New York's first heart transplant at the VA Medical Center. This first operation offers a new lease on life for a patient not expected to live more than two or three months with his diseased heart. 6 SOME THOUGHTS ON THE VALUE OF LIFE • UB Physiology Professor John A. Krasney contends physicians ought to be concerned about increased attacks on animal research being launched by antivivisectionists. 14 DR. BARNEY CLARK AND THE ARTIFICIAL HEART • His widow, Una Loy Clark, views the death of her husband as a beginning for the future of the artificial heart. Dr. Clark had no regrets, she says. 15 HIGH TECH IN CELL CLONING • UB will house one of five monoclonal centers in the nation. It will manufacture antibodies for use by up to 50 UB research projects and by dozens of institutional and commercial labs. 16 THE DEATH OF McKINLEY • Retjred UB pediatrician weighs the question of whether it was the gunman or the doctors who killed the President. 18 RESEARCH • Computers arrive in the neurophysiology lab. Food stamps may be an ineffective way of enhancing the nutritional status of the poor, UB epidemiologists contend. 20 MEDICAL SCHOOL NEWS • The Department of Nuclear Medicine, one of the School's newest units, has proved to be among the most versatile of departments. Students pick the year's best professors. 27 HOSPITAL NEWS • Roswell Park receives major grant from American Cancer Society. Mercy hospitals form Mercy Health System. Buffalo General 's allergy research lab named for Carl E. Arbesman. 28 PEOPLE • Doctor helped patient again - after 40 years. Several from UB on " best doctors" list. Clarence pediatrician introduces rides home program for teenagers who have had too much to drink. 35 ALUMNI • 1,008 graduates on roll of dues-paying alumni for 1984. New medical alumni officers. Class reunion pictures. 44 CLASSNOTES • George W. Thorn's research career spans 60 years. Country Physician Anne Wasson retires. News of the Classes. 48 DEATHS TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson, director, in association with the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo COVER ART: Close-up of heart transplant operation at VA Medical Center: Carol Payne Zagon THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, (USPS 551-860) September 1984- Volume 18, Number 3. Published five times annually: February, May, July, September, December- by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Mam Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 1 �Heart transplant team performing heart transplant on Mr. Snedeker. �HEART TRANSPLANT Successful operation at VA Medical Center is first in upstate area H e was not expected to live more than two or three months with his diseased heart. But 31 days after Donald Snedeker received the first heart transplant in upstate New York, he walked out of Veterans Administration Medical Center to return home. The successful hour-long operation was performed by a team of UB physicians. Joginder Bhayana, M.D., associate professor of surgery and chief of cardiothoracic surgery at VA Medical Center, led the team. He was assisted by Janerio Aldridge, M.D., assistant professor of surgery and staff surgeon, and David Cheeran, M.D., resident thoracic surgeon. Jacob Bergsland, M.D., VAMC staff surgeon, David Bonnheim, M.D., clinical assistant instructor in surgery, and personnel from the Organ Procurement Agency of Western NY recovered the donated heart from Elmira, NY, and brought it to the operating room. Andrew Gage, M.D., professor and acting chairman of UB's Department of Surgery and the hospital's chief of staff, added that the team "included a host of nurses, technicians and social workers:' Dr. Gage played a role in BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 3 �planning the operation, organizing the team and "gener~lly acting as a facilitator." He described the transplant as bemg "at the frontier of surgery." The operation was performed very smoothly. "There were no major difficulties;' Dr. Gage commented. "It was ac~ually relatively easy because of the long and careful preparatton of the team!' Dr. Bhayana, describing the successful surgery, remarked "Once the heart started beating, we were elated. , d, We knew we had a success on our han s. Joseph Paris director of Veterans Hospital, confirmed the transplant w;s the first in the state outside of New ~ork City. Of the more than 900 heart transplants performed smce the first one in South Africa in 1967, most have taken place in the U.S., especially in California. About 24 have been performed in ew York City. Veterans Hospital is one of only 15 centers in the U.S. to do heart transplants, and one of only two Veterans Administration hospitals to do so. UB and Veterans Hospital have shared a long history in pioneering advances in cardiology. William M. Cha~da~k, M.D., associate professor of surgery (and then Veterans chtef of surgery) and Dr. Gage implanted the world's first selfcontained cardiac pacemaker in 1960. (Dr. Wilson Greatbatch, a UB electrical engineering professor, invented the device.) After experimentation with heart transplants using dogs and sheep, Drs. Chardack and Gage became interested in the idea of human transplants at Veterans. "Then Christian Barnard did it in 1967, proving it possible;' Dr. Gage said. "But because of the short longevity of heart transplant patients at the time it fell out of use for almost ten years. Then improved tech~iques and drugs greatly improved success rates, especially with the discovery of cyclosporine two to three years ago. It was then that our interest in transplants in Buffalo returned." D r. Gage and Dr. John aughton, dean of the Medical School and a cardiologist himself, discussed the idea at length. As a result, the dean appointed a study committee composed of representatives from th~ sp~cialties and affili~ted hospitals. Their aim was to determme tf there was suffictent local expertise to perform heart transplants. "The committee concluded the faculty did have the skills;' Dr. Gage explained. "The experience was especially strong at the VA and the committee therefore thought that the transplant program should begip there." Besides Veterans Hospital's almost 30 years of experience and its active cardiac surgical and nursing programs, the hospital was chosen for another reason. The high cost ?f the operation and care, perhaps $65,000-$70,000, exclustve of surgeons' fees, meant that there would be no ready source of payment of those fees. But v~terans do not have to ~ay for their care because costs are ptcked up by the VA. Thts contributed to the decisi5n to choose Veterans Hospital. Six months before the operation, Dr. Bhayana and his associates began to develop their program with intense effort. After more animal laboratory work they devised a protocol to do the transplant. By the time the patient was identified, they were ready for the operation. . After spending 4 Y2 weeks at the Batavta, .Y., Veterans Hospital, Mr. Snedeker was transferred May 2 to Buffal?'s Veterans Hospital. He had requested a heart transplant m Batavia, but was told he was three years older than the cutoff age of 50. Although Buffalds VA Hospital prot?cols also sp~ci~.ed a maximum age of 50, Dr. Gage emphastzed that flextbthty · possible. "Mr. Snedeker appears to be a young 53-year-old IS . th e program,"D r. G age exand we therefore included h'1m m 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN plained as he discussed the selection process. D r. Gage described the other criteria for selection. H e said that a candidate must be basically healthy in every other respect, without any life-limiting diseases outside the heart. ~h e program can admit only those with end-stage heart d tsease, and the li fe expectancy is three mon ths or less. Snedeker's name was entered as a potential recipient into a national computer program by the Organ Procurement Agency of Western ew York. Dr. Gage said that the team expected a heart donation within four to five days. On the night of May 13, the availability of a heart became known. Drs. Bergsland and Bonnheim, with staff from the Organ Procu rement Agency of Western ew York, flew to Elmira and harvested the heart of Alonzo Williams. Mr. Williams, 21-years-old, had died of an accidental head injury suffered during a fight. The heart was flown to Buffalo and three hours after it was obtained, it was beating in Mr. Snedeker's chest. The operation was completed at 7 a.m. on May 14. Dr. Bergsland explained that only about four hours is available to transplant a heart. Snedeker's recovery from the operation was entirely uneventful. It followed a graduated scale of activities leading to a return to normal function. The patient was on a regular low sodium diet three days after the transplant. A standard cardiac rehabilitation program was begun, including bed exercises with arm and leg movements. Regular weekly biopsies of the transplanted heart showed no signs of rejection because of the cyclosporine medication. On June 14, one month after Donald Snedeker's operation, he left the hospital on his own, accompanied by his family. Although cyclosporine makes "the tremendous difference" in the success rate in heart transplants, tissue rejection remains a continual hazard. Mr. Snedeker "will be on cyclosporine for the rest of his life;' Dr. Bergsland said. "He will have to wear a mask whenever he goes into a crowd to prevent infection;' Dr. Bhayana added. Mr. Snedeker's condition will be followed by surgeons and immunologists on an outpatient basis. the greatest danger. of infection is within the first 12 months. Dr. Bhayana explained that the survival rate over the next three to four years is 80 per cent. Mr. Snedeker is a Korean conflict avy veteran from Middleport, N.Y., northeast of Buffalo. His heart ailment originated from childhood rheumatic fever. In 1962, he had a heart valve replaced. After a heart attack in September 1983, his condition continually worsened. By the time he entered the hospital, he required oxygen and was unable to walk. Snedeker had his first chance to speak in public at a press conference the day before he left the hospital on June 14. He enjoyed the fact that he could give his mother such a surprise gift - his second chance at life - on Mother's Day, also her 72nd birthday. Obviously emotional and grateful, he put his hand on his chest, and turning to his wife, said, "I have a new heart now, and I'm going to give all of it to my beautiful wife!' When the retired oil company truck driver was asked if he felt g.lad about going home early, he stated loudly, "You're damn nght!" And what about the fact that he made medical history in Western ew York? "I don't care if I was first or second or fourth - all I know is that I have a new heart and I feel better;' he exclaimed. Snedeker plans to enjoy his family and to go fishing for years to come. Dr. Gage says that the hospital plans to perform their sec?nd. heart ~ransplant operation possibly by the time this a.rttcle ts pubhshed. In fact, "the hospital's goal is to perform stx to 10 heart transplant operations over the next year;' he �J The heart transplant team: Top row (l·r}: Dr. A. Gage, Dr. D. Cheeran, Dr. J. Bhayana, Dr. J. Aldridge; bottom row (1-r}: Drs. J. Bergsland, D. Bonnheim. Heart transplant patient, Donald Snedeker and his wife (left} and mother (upper right}. UPDATE: Slm:e the tlrst heart transplant on Mar 14, •teraM HOSIIItJI perfonnell a secemt operation on AuiUSt 1. That patient llletl Shertlr atrBf. llue tD lntJmlalllleefllng and hlllh blooll pressure In the lullfiS. DniiD Mr. SnefleiiBf, who was othet· wise telatlrelr heantJr. the seCDnll patient was CDnsllletefl an emer· 18m:r traiiSIIIant because tile deter· toratlon llf his CDnllmon was much more serious. nwas pointed out that the tlrst wear SIIYfval rare tor heart ttaiiSPfant patients Is 60 to 10 per cent. Dr. BIJarana, thOUgh 111sa111101ntefl, salll the transplant program would centlnue. W8elcs tatet. at II8SS time, Butfalo General Hospital became tile seCGnll to pertonn a heart Dall$lllallt. As wftll the - operations, the team was lellllr Dr. hOSIIItJI In tile regJon Bharana. stated with apparently well-founded optimism. Discussions are in progress between the two cosponsors of the transplant program - UB and VA Hospital - and three of the DB-affiliated hospitals, Children's, Buffalo General and Erie County Medical Center. The talks could open the program to non-veterans if "sharing agreements" with other local hospital could be arranged. Such a program would require the approval. of heart transplants for reimbursemen~ purposes by health msurance carriers. If this can be accomplished, a non-veteran transplant recipient could be admitted to an affiliate<;f hospital and, following approval of the transplant by the msurance company, would be transferred to Veterans. "After the transplant and follow-up intensive care, the patient, at a safe time, would be transferred back to the other ho pital," Dr. Gage said. Veterans Hospital would bill the other hospital which would, in turn, bill the patient's insurance company. Such agreements are already in place for certain ~edical tests and immunologic procedures. The local and natwnal Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association are evaluating the option. Regardless of what financial arrangements are worked out, Dr. Gage reiterated the crucial role that UB has had in the program and pointed out, "This is a prime example of ho~ the. Medical School, working with the hospitals, can achieve Important results." • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 5 �- Some thoughts on the value of life Physicians need to be concerned about increased attacks on ani mal research by anti-vivisectionists By John A. Krasney, Ph.D. Professor of Physiology State University of New York at Buffalo 6 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN T remendous advances have been made in many areas of medicine over the last 20 to 30 years. In the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, for example, some 80 per cent of new knowledge and technology was simply not available to cardiologists 15 years ago 1. People who suffered from serious heart disease died or were hopelessly crippled with prolonged, painful disease. There have been dramatic, almost miraculous diagnostic and therapeutic advances which have marked the past 10 to 15 years of cardiovascular research. These allow for the prompt identification of the cause of debilitating chest pain, as well as its almost instantaneous surgical correction. Without this kind of research, hundreds of thousands of lives would have been lost. From this perspective, medical research is probably one of the best investments of time, energy, talent, and money that has been made with public funds. These dramatic life saving advances in knowledge resulted from the efforts of research scientists, including many physicians, who were not content to simply manage their patient's disease problems, as did their predecessors, but insisted on deeper understanding of the way the body functions. These scientists are high-minded individuals who forego the rich rewards of medical practice and pass their new insights readily on to their clinical colleagues. The majority of biomedical investigations use experimental animals. In fact, virtually every major biomedical advance can be traced back to original critical studies using animals. Indeed, the extension of the average life span from 45 years at the turn of the century to 70 plus years today is dependent in a major way upon animal studies. The value of animal research has been proved beyond any doubt. It is not the purpose of this article, however, to address animal research that is not clearly for biomedical benefits, such as military, cosmetic or behavioral studies. In spite of the crucial and absolute dependence of biomedical research on animal experimentation and the development of the marvelous payoffs from tlrls type of research, health research using animals is currently being attacked by various anti-research groups or antivivisectionists. These attacks have involved invasion of research laboratories, vandalism, theft of data and research animals, and malicious allegations of cruelty and inhumane treatment in the media. Recent television programs and newspaper articles have emphasized unusual instances of abuse, with the obvious intent to create the impression that they are the rule rather than the exception. These publicity-seeking groups have succeeded in introducing a large number of legislative bills at the state and federal level which are aimed variously at limiting the use of animals in research, outright abolition of animal experimentation, or re- quiring the use of non-animal "alternative" research methodologies. As a result of this anti-research movement, biomedical research is threatened seriously. Physicians should be concerned about this situation because of their utter dependence upon animal experimentation in research for the ability to offer their patients the very best in medicines and diagnostic and therapeutic skills. ! MEDICAL ADVANCES AND ANIMAL RESEARCH People are surprisingly unaware of the advances in health care that have come about totally through research using animals. The fear of the crippling effects of poliomyelitis has been eliminated; young people no longer die of rheumatic heart disease; infectious diseases are treated with antibiotics. The role of insulin in maintaining thousands of productive lives is taken for granted. The medical and socioeconomic triumphs represented by cardiac valve replacement, correction of congenitally misplaced vessels in infants, heart transplantation, and aortocoronary bypass are products of recent research.1 Drs. Julius Comroe and Robert Dripps 2 have traced the evolution of the thousands of experimental steps necessary before modern heart surgery could have been accomplished. Surgeons regularly reported that the single most important component was the dog laboratory. That is where surgeons had to test hypotheses and techniques and perfect their skills. Table 1 describes some of the discoveries that had to be made before modern open-heart surgery, the coronary bypass procedure, and the hearttransplant could be achieved. It is useful to highlight several of these examples. Obviously, the pump-oxygenator had to be developed to keep the patient alive while the heart was stopped. The pump oxygenator was developed with crucial dependence on animal-based experiments. But the pump-oxygenator could not be developed until a potent anti-coagulant was available to prevent clotting. John Gibbon did not begin his work on the pump oxygenator until 1934 when heparin, a powerful anticoagulant, became available from animal experiments by Jay McLean. Landsteiner's work using monkeys, which led to the discovery of blood groups, blood typing, and blood transfusions, contributed to safe blood use in pump oxygenators. More basic information was required before surgeons could open the chest, stop the heart, open the heart, perform the corrective surgery, restart the heart, and bring the patient to a full recovery. Physiologists learned through thousands of separate animal studies about the existence and function of the heart's conducting system. These studies led to the development of electrical defibrillation, and the ability to detect and reverse serious cardiac rhythm ........ �disturbances. Current techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are based on animal experiments. Indeed, the cardiac pacemaker, which was developed at UB, depended upon dog experiments. The technique of cardiac catheterization was developed through both animal and human experimentation. The idea for the "floating" cardiac catheter, which is placed in the pulmonary artery routinely in patients in intensive care units, came from basic pulmonary experiments using dogs in Buffalo. The above discussion and Table 1, while not exhaustive, indicate clearly that the cardiac surgeon did not jump from ignorance to the pinnacle of open-heart surgery in a single, giant step, or in a brief period of time. Thousands of interrelated stepping-stones had to be laid over several decades. The marvels of modern cardiology, which directly or indirectly influence virtually every family in America are based totally and irrevocably on careful performance of critically controlled animal experiments. The recent performance of the first heart transplant operation in Buffalo (see article elsewhere in this issue) can be directly related to these primary animal studies. The payoffs resulting from animal research in other areas of medicine have been equally fantastic (Table 2). In the decades of the 1920's and 1930's patients were confined for life to mental institutions, treated with cold water baths, and subjected to prefrontal lobotomy procedures. Pharmacological studies in animals led to the development of chlorpromazine and its tranquilizing derivatives which revolutionized the treatment of mental patients and allowed many of these people to return to society. As mentioned above, the discovery of insulin by Banting and Best in Toronto by studying dogs is a classic modern medical miracle. The dramatic advances in immunological diagnosis and therapy have depended in a major way on animal studies. The continuing success of cancer chemotherapeutic procedures requires the careful analysis of the results of highly sophisticated animal experiments. Unfortunately, the medical and scientific community has not clearly and systematically articulated the numerous contributions to health based on animal research. Virtually every family in the United States has been touched by the life-saving contributions or enhancement in quality of life to be traced directly to this expenditure of tax money. Millions of human adult and child lives have been saved by this research. With respect to the value and benefits of biomedical research to mankind, there is an obvious lack of communication between medical scientists and the tax paying public. 1 Current ongoing scientific research projects at the University at Buffalo include the following studies: nervous control and regulation of coronary circulation (dogs); the peripheral circulatory response to chronic hypoxia (sheep); effects of chronic alcohol consumption on the brain structure of aging rats; periodontal or gum disease in animals; development of blood clot dissolving enzymes for treatment of coronary occlusion and thromboembolic strokes (monkeys); the prevention of cerebral malaria (monkeys, pigeons, and chickens); the The Heart Transplant and Other CarTable 1• dlologv Advances That Depended on Animal Research: A Chronology WORK INITIATED OR CULMINATED DURING Management of Heart Failure Asepsis Blood pressure, heart rate Fluid & electrolytes, acidbase balance Surgical instruments & materials Relief of Pain Wound healing dogs many species many species Early 1900's Electrocardiography Cardiac catheterization Components of blood & plasma Nutrition Surgical techniques dogs dogs, rabbits, cats monkeys, dogs, rabbits, rodents many species dogs 1920's: Intravenous feeding Ventilation of ooen thorax dogs, rabbits, rodents dogs Transfusion, blood groups & typing Monitoring EEG Modern anesthesia & neuro· muscular blocking agents Anticoagulants Pump oxyqenator many species many species rats, mice, rabbits dogs, monkeys cats cats, dogs 1940's: Antibiotics many species 1950's: Blood preservation Blood 02, C02, pH Chemotherapy Cardiac pacemaker Floating cardiac catheter Open heart surgery many many many dogs, dogs, dogs 1960's: Selective coronary angiegraphy, ventriculography Assessment of cardiac, pulmonary, renal , hepatic, brain function Hypothermia & survival of ischemic organs Defibrillation Coronary collateral circulation Coronary bypass Modern CPR Pre-1900: 1930's: 1970's: 1980's: Elective cardiac arrest Vascular anastamosis Principles of intensive care Measurement of coronary blood flow in humans Myocardial preservation techniques Beneficial effects of exercise on heart (cardiac rehabilitation) Heart transplant Cyclosporin & anti-rejection drugs Artificial heart dogs many species many species species species species developed at UB developed at UB dogs many species dogs dogs dogs, pigs, primates dogs doas dogs dogs dogs dogs, developed at UB dogs dogs doqs monkeys dogs, porpoise BUFf-ALO PHYSICIAN • 7 �"VIrtually every major biomedical advance can be traced back to original critical studies using animals." 11: II: 1: I! II prevention of blood vessel growth in tumors (rabbits); the development and teaching of microsurgical techniques used in replantation of body parts (hand, fingers) and the correction of vascular, eye, neurologic, gynecologic, and urologic disorders (various animals); nerve repair and regeneration (various animals); the role of prostaglandins in renal function and toxemia of pregnancy (rabbits); guinea pigs as sources of antibodies for immunological studies; mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias (dogs); prevention of rotavirus infection which causes diarrhea in human babies (mice); prostaglandins and the nervous control of circulation (various animals); development of drugs to treat muscular dystrophy using chickens; toxicological studies (various animals) and the prevention and treatment of hyaline membrane disease in premature infants (sheep). These are but a few examples of the basic investigations being carried out at UB which require animal study. These research efforts provide for a sustained input of crucial, new information which will ultimately lead to improved human therapeutic technologies. Furthermore, studies of animals provide information which is now used to treat other animals. Veterinary medicine is dependent upon basic animal studies for the development of vaccines, drugs, surgical techniques and other technological developments to maintain the health of pets, livestock, and zoo animals. Direct benefits to the dog have resulted from the considerable research done on it. 3 Treatment of dogs with heart disease using cardiac pacemakers, and the same cardiac augmentor drugs and diuretics used to treat humans is common. Splinting systems for fractures were developed for the dog by veterinarians, such as Otto Stader of Philadelphia. Dr. Salojonas, a veterinarian in New Haven, Connecticut, also specialized in fractures and internal fixation procedures. Dr. Kirschner developed an intramedullary pin for the internal fixation of long bones. These techniques were quickly adapted by the military service during World War II, and after the advent of antibiotics, they were especially successful in saving countless lives and limbs of humans, as well as animals. Many of the skeletal prostheses, including the artificial hip, were developed using the dog and have been beneficial to the dog. Prosthetic devices for bone replacement, trachea replacement, and bone fusion have relied on the dog. Fusion of spinal vertebrae in chronic disk dtsease and surgery to provide relief of herniated disks have benefited both dogs and humans. 3 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND ANIMALS Animals are used in the medical school teaching laboratory. This is based upon the premise that medical students learn better by "imprinting" based on a laboratory experience than they can from reading a textbook. A student mistakenly cutting through an artery during a cut down on the vein of an anesthetized animal is usually reminded that it is better to make the mistake in the laboratory than when he first encounters a patient in the emergency room. The direct observation of the beating heart in a living, l: 8 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN anesthetized animal conveys more information than could ever be supplied by any textbook or videotape. The "hands-on" measurement of the pressures of the heart and the intellectual synthesis of the phases of the cardiac cycle from first hand data are crucial for any medical student. The understanding and the direct appreciation of the rate, rhythm, force and motion of the beating heart are as important to the physician as the behavior and sound of a well-tuned engine are for an auto mechanic to recognize. Most physicians will have no further opportunity to make such direct observations as their careers develop. In addition, animal subjects are essential to instruct medical students, potential surgeons, and surgeons in basic and advanced surgical techniques and skills. Only the uninformed and naive would suppose that a surgeon could jump from reading a textbook to applying sophisticated surgical techniques to a patient without hours of preparation in the animal laboratory. The onset of anaphylactic shock in a patient who is allergic to penicillin, or to bee stings, for example, is life threatening and must be recognized immediately and treated promptly. The direct observation of anaphylaxis in an experimental animal, in an educational setting, is a most powerful technique for teaching the physician to manage this lethal emergency. This type of training cannot be obtained from a textbook, a computer model, or a culture of tissue cells. I i I I I ANIMAL CARE PRINCIPLES In terms of the care of experimental animals, there can be no legitimate objection to treatment of these valuable resources as sentient creatures using the highest humane standards. Anesthetics should be used for potentially painful procedures, and analgesics should be administered to alleviate potential discomfort. Clean, well-ventilated housing with comfortable enclosures is essential. Care must be supervised by experienced veterinarians trained in proper care oflaboratory animals. Daily care should be implemented by trained veterinary technologists and caretakers. The animals at UB are cared for according to the Guiding Principles of Animal Care (page 13), as promulgated by the American Physiological Society, and the NIH Guide for Care of Laboratory Animals (Institute of Laboratory Resources). The humane standards required by state regulations and the Federal Animal Welfare Act are adhered to as well. The Laboratory Animal Facilities are certified by the American Association for Accreditation of ~aboratory Animal Care (AAALAC), an accreditatiOn body formed by scientists which has higher standards than those required by the Animal We~fare Act. In addition, experimental protocols are revt~we?, and investigations are monitored by an Instltutwnal Animal Care Committee. This committee consists of a veterinarian, experienced laboratory ~nimal investigators, and non-scientist representatives who ensure that high standards of humane care are maintained on a local basis. Animals ~re killed at the end of experiments by euth~nasta techniques promulgated by the Vetermary Medical Association. Investigators must submit an application for use I I I I l �of animals in research or education to UB's Laboratory Animal Care Committee. Research proposals using animals are reviewed and discussed by the committee and, if necessary, the investigator may be asked to discuss this project with the committee before approval is granted. The committee makes periodic site visits to laboratories to observe experimental procedures and to monitor proficiency of laboratory personnel in carrying out humane animal experimentation. Protocols are updated by regular required report. UB's animal care committee has the authority to suspend operation of a laboratory whenever it has reason to believe humane standards of animal care have been violated. THE ANTI-VIVISECTIONIST OTIVATION Although antivivisectionists may be concerned about hunting and trapping of animals, the killing of harp seals, or the demise of endangered species, their major focus is to place biomedical research in jeopardy. According to the dictionary, vivisection has a specific definition: "the practice of subjecting living animals to cutting operations, especially in order to advance physiological and pathological knowledge." Common usage has expanded the term to include all experimentation, surgical or nonsurgical, on animals. Reaction against vivisection for research reached its height in the last two decades of the 19th century and the first two of the 20th, and a resurgence began in the 1960s. The Victorian era was marked by an abhorrence of biologic reality and of the physical self of humans, and vivisection seemed to emphasize these lower aspects of the human race. Antivivisectionism is, and was related, in part, to emphasis on humanitarian sentiments. Indeed, the 18th century saw the rise of the cult of the pet with its sentimental anthropomorphism. 4 This sentimentality continues into modern times. The motivation for antivivisection activities is based primarily upon a kind of Disneyish anthropomorphism, or the imparting of human characteristics to animal creatures. 5 The emphasis of these groups is that the end does not justify the means. In the last century, Dr. Arthur Conan Doyle objected to the antivivisection movement as being antihuman. In 1886, he justified the killing of rabbits to relieve human suffering from rabies. He and Dr. William Osler were but two of the many prominent physicians who helped stem the tide of the antivivisection legislation near the turn of the century. 4 In this regard the late John Dewey wrote: "The point at issue in the subjection of animal experimenters to special super:rision and leg:islati.on is (thus) deeper than at fi~st sight appea~s: m.pnnciple, it involves the revival of the ammoslty to discovery and to the application to life of the fruits of discovery which, upon the whole, has been the chief foe of human progress, it behooves every thoughtful indiv~dual to ?e C<;J~St~ntly on the al~rt against every revival of this spmt, m whatever guise it presents itself'6 There is a sentimental and personal nature to the antivivisectionist argument. The idea that a civilized society should be able to tolerate the in- creased numbers of human deaths which might result from reducing the number of animal experiments may not be shared by the families of children dying from disease. One wonders how many dogs these people would trade for the life of a transplant patient such as Gary Coleman or Donald Snedeker, or how many newborn lambs they would trade for the life of one prematurely born human infant. It follows that the anti-research movement is distinctly anti-human in nature involving misanthropy at least three levels. At one level, it may be perceived that to rule out animal experimentation is to condone human suffering. At another level, the antivivisectionist makes no distinction between human life and animal life. The philosopher Peter Singer wrote in Animal Liberation, a 1975 book which became the bible of the antivivisection movement, that "an experiment cannot be justifiable unless the experiment is so important that the use of a retarded human being would also be justifiable." In other words, this "speciesism" argument makes no distinction between the value of human life and that of animal life. Speciesism is the animal kingdom's equivalent to ethnocentricity. Ultimately, the misanthropy usually devolves to outright hatred and personal attack of the researcher 7 and even to physical threats. "If killing animals for science Is wrong, then It Is also wrong to eat them or to use medicines developed through animal research." INCONSISTENCIES IN THE ANTIVIVISECTION MOV T The antivivisectionists are entitled to their own views, but if they wish others to take them seriously, they must demonstrate that they take their arguments seriously themselves. If killing animals for science is wrong, it is also wrong to eat them. It is well to recognize that the number of animals killed for food in this country is vastly greater (134 million cattle, hogs and sheep annually) than the number of animals killed in research laboratories. In addition, the standards for the care and killing of livestock for food consumption are lower than those mandated for laboratory animals. If these people are sincerely concerned about animal welfare, they should focus their activities on the much larger numbers of abused and potentially suffering animals used by the food industry, rather than to expend one's energies on attacking accredited laboratories maintaining high standards for humane care. If killing animals for medical research is wrong, it is also wrong to have medicines which were developed through animal research. It is inconsistent for antivivisectionists to go to the doctor and accept m.odern. diagnosis and therapeutic medicine, most of It denved from animal research. Antivivisectionists are animal lovers and often keep pets. But cats and dogs, 90 million in the U.S., are carnivores and to maintain them we have to kill off. other ~nimals for their food. It is 'easy to block out this !act 1f th~ ~rey comes in a can. Clearly, the destructiOn. of mll!wns of cattle, fish, sheep, pigs, ~nd horses IS required to support the biological exIstence. o! these creatures which are pleasurable, entertammg, and loved. The standards for the care and killing of animals for pet food are probably even BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 �Table 2. WHEN INITIATED OR CULMINATED Pre-1900: Early 1900's: 1920's: 1930's: 1940's: 1950's 1960's: 1970's: 1980's: Selected Examples of Major Biomedical Advances That Depended on Animal Research (Other Than Cardiology} MEDICAL ADVANCE SPECIES STUDIED Treatment of Treatment of Treatment of Treatment of Treatment of Treatment of Treatment of Discovery of rabies dogs, rabbits anthrax sheep beriberi chickens smallpox cows histamine shock dogs pellagra rhesus monkeys, dogs rickets dogs penicillin Therapeutic use established in 1939 Discovery of Thyroxin many species Insulin & control of diabetes dogs Therapeutic use of sulfa drugs mice, rabbits Prevention of tetanus many species Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis rabbits, monkeys Therapeutic use of aureomycin dogs, cats, pigs, rodents Therapeutic use of streptomycin chickens, guinea pigs Discovery of Rh factor rhesus monkeys Prevention of diphtheria horses Whooping Cough (Pertussis) treatment _guinea pigs, rabbits Prevention of poliomyelitis rabbits, monkeys, rodents Discovery of DNA rats, mice Chlorpromazine & its tranquilizing derivatives rats, rabbits, monkeys Hypertension oral diuretics (thiazides) dogs, other species Cancer chemotherapy monkeys, rabbits, rodents Prevention of rubella monkeys Radioimmunoassay many species Prevention of surgical postoperative adhesions dogs Therapeutic use of cortisone rabbits, monkeys Corneal transplant rabbits, monkeys Cimetidine (tagamet) rabbits, rats, other treatment of gastric ulcer species many species Prevention of measles Modern treatment of coronary insufficiency dogs Viral origin of cancer dogs Treatment of leprosy monkeys, armadillos Immunotherapy technology many species Cerebral revascularization monkeys procedures Monoclonal antibodies mice, rabbits lower than those for animals raised for human consumption. The antivivisectionists are silent on these issues. As the final extension of the antivivisection position, it should be emphasized that as veterinary medicine depends upon animal research, these people ought not to take their pets to the veterinarian. 10 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN These groups label themselves "pet-lovers:' Unfortunately, it is the irresponsibility of pet owners which leaves thousands of animals to undergo euthanasia in pounds each year. If the animals were cared for properly, they would not be running loose and starving on the streets. While responsible researchers are required to have an animal care committee, it seems curious that the antivivisectionists have put no priority into enforcement or pet care programs that would reduce the trementous number of animals abandoned by irresponsible owners. There is one more example of inconsistency in this movement. The focus of the anti vivisectionists is mainly on cats, dogs, rabbits and monkeys. There seems to be less concern about farm animals, or about rats, mice and other rodents which comprise 87 per cent of all experiments (by their own figures). The sentimentalism is selective. ANTIVIVISECTIONIST MYTHS In order to support their position, antivivisection groups have developed and disseminated a number of myths about animal experimentation. It is remarkable how tenuous and weak the anti-research viewpoint is when one considers that they support their arguments on the basis of these myths. Myth: Animal experimentation is cruel and animal housing Is stressful. Animal experimentation is described as being cruel by anti-research groups. Indeed, there is a peculiar tendency among some people to consider animal cruelty to be a far more serious offense than is cruelty to other humans. While pain is a prominent feature of human disease and it must be studied and understood, painful experiments are the exception in medical research rather than the rule. Painful experiments are extremely difficult to justify and generally are unacceptable. It is a basic principle that valid data cannot be obtained from sick or mistreated animals, or animals in pain. An exception would be in those rare cases where pain is part of the experiment. The antivivisectionist, however, complains that even to keep animals in cages is mistreatment and produces stress. The animals have to be kept someplace, however, and there is no scientific proof that well fed and watered animals maintained in quarters of the size prescribed by the Animal Welfare Act and AAALAC are stressed. Levels of stress indicators, such as plasma cortisol or catecholamines, are generally low in animals maintained in accredited housing. It would be foolish to deny that abuses and instances of animal cruelty occur in scientific research, but these are the exceptions rather than the rule. If_ a policeman goes bad, one does not ordinarily ehmmate the entire police force or attempt to hamper it in its work. Laboratories or investigators engagzng zn cruel practices should be prosecuted under existing anticruelty laws. In 1983 the National Institutes of Health made random site visits to ten institutions that were not AAALAC accredited but operate under approved ass~rances indicating full compliance with the NIH Gu1de. The conclusions from these visits were that �all the institutions shared a common concern that the care and use of laboratory animals must be in accord with good science and that the welfare of the animals was a priority. No incidents of animal abuse were observed. Myth: Animal experimentation is unnecessarily repetitive. Antivivisectionists charge that there is needless replication of animal experiments. While there is a need to confirm the results of investigations in other independent laboratories, research funds are not awarded to needlessly repeat experiments and to confirm established knowledge. Study sections which review grant proposals are composed of experts in various fields who are thoroughly familiar with current literature and they do not support proposals which repeat known experiments. Certainly, with the high cost of animals and the limited supply of research funds, researchers do not study animals unless it is absolutely necessary. Myth: Animals differ from man, so animal experiments are useless. This is clearly not the case as the results from animal models such as the armadillo model of leprosy, or the spontaneously hypertensive rat have led to major therapeutic advances. In most cases, the results of animal research are directly applicable to man. The differences that do exist have proved to be of trivial import, as attested by the documented dependence of the training of surgeons on animal studies. In fact, surgeons have been able to exploit some of the differences between man and dog. For example, the practice of keeping surgical patients in bed for lengthy periods of time led to numerous adhesions in abdominal organs in early surgical procedures up until the 1920s. Then one surgeon noticed that dogs got up and walked around as soon as they recovered from the anesthetic. Today, the technique of getting human patients up to move around the day after surgery to dramatically reduce adhesions has become a modern standard practice. 3 In any case, the argument that animals are different from man is usually not applied consistently by antivivisectionists since Singer's speciesism argument says we shouldn't consider animals as being different from man. Myth: The DES and thalidomide tragedies demonstrate animal research is unreliable. The anti-research groups are currently focusing their attention upon the number of animals required for toxicity testing. They complain that the large numbers of animals required for the LD-50 test are unnecessary and further, that the LD-50 test has been shown to be unreliable, citing the damage caused by DES and thalidomide. Unfortunately, while isolated cells may be useful for certain types of toxicity testing, the current alternatives to toxicity testing in animals are generally not clearly reliable. . . The emphasis on the thal1dom1de tragedy or the DES problems represents the usual illogical tactic of focusing on the exception, rather than the rule. The thalidomide episode emphasizes a need for more rigorous animal testing in certain instances, not less. Myth: Alternatives to animal studies are available. Animal experiments are further supposed to be unnecessary because "alternatives" to animal studies exist in the form of tissue culture, computer models, and the proper application of statistics. These, in fact, are not alternatives to animal studies, but are only adjunctive tools to research. The implication that a computer model can replace the study of the living heart or brain is misleading. Computer models are used to organize the data obtained from animal experiments in order to synthesize and aid thinking about how biological processes work. A model is only as good as the animal data put into it, and the validity of the model must be tested by comparing its predictions with the results obtained from further.animal experiments. These adjunctive tools were developed as aids to research by scientists who use animals. Reseachers have used these techniques in recent years to reduce the number of animals used in research, but they cannot serve as substitutes for the study of the experimental animal. "One wonders how many dogs these people would trade for the life of a transplant patient such as Gary Coleman." WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF THE ANTIVIVISECTIONIST$ SUCCEED? The public has come to expect a great deal from biomedical research in recent years and this discussion has attempted to demonstrate the marvelous strides and advances which have been derived from free scientific inquiry and a vigorous research enterprise. If the current antivivisection movement is allowed to continue to go unchallenged, animal research will be restricted seriously, or prevented, and the steady advance of medical science would cease. All hope of cures for cancer would be lost. New antibiotics capable of combating strains of microorganisms which develop immunity to existing antibiotics would no longer be available. Heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease would continue to ravage the population in epidemic proportions with no hope of eliminating the scourge of atherosclerosis. Research on neurological or neuromuscular diseases such as multiple sclerosis or muscular dystrophy would cease. Production of insulin and vaccines against polio, smallpox and other infectious diseases would be eliminated. In short, few new drugs, therapeutic techniques, or surgical advances would be forthcoming. The attempts by these groups to interfere with health research in this country represent an awesome responsibility and the antivivisectionists should be made to bear all the consequences of their actions. A classic example of antivivisectionist interference with science is the situation in Britain :Which. has led to the emigration of many brilliant mvesttgators to North America and elsewhere ?ecause of the restrictions to free scientific inquiry m that country. . What t~e ~merican .biomedical community has ~ned _to .av~td IS ~he settmg up of a system like that m Bntam, 1~ whtch eve:y scientist who proposes to conduct ammal expenmentation must obtain a licen.se from .the central government and must also obtam offi~1al approval for any particular experiments mvolvmg anything but the most inBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 11 �"The final judgment of the basis for animal research must consider the value of life, especially human lite." 12 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN nocuous procedures. As a result, the late Lord Adrian said: "When there is some doubt whether a particular kind of research or class experiment needs special certificates, etc. my own tendency has been to give up the idea and stick to what I know to be allowable. We certainly have been a good deal behind other countries in work on the central nervous system in the last 30 years. State regulation (of science) based on an act which dates from the last century has made us rather "unenterprising:•s It is useful at this point to consider the accomplishments thus far of the current antivivisectionist movement: In New York, the Metcalf-Hatch Act was repealed several years ago. This law had been in effect for more than 25 years and it required that community pounds give up their unclaimed animals, cats and dogs, to research institutions. This was judged to be a public service as it provided funds for operation of the pounds and reduced the number of animals required to be euthanized by the pound. It is currently estimated that about 20,000 dogs run loose on the streets of Buffalo. The Metcalf-Hatch Act had been passed to keep down the cost of animals for research and to reduce the incentive for pet-napping. When the Metcalf-Hatch Law was in effect dogs and cats for research could be obtained at a cost of $20 to $30 each. Now, after repeal, research grants (and the public which supports these research funds) must pay on the order of $200 per animal and the incentive for petnapping has returned. Thanks to the efforts of this vocal minority of anti-research people, we find ourselves in the bizarre situation where 10,000 or more cats and dogs are routinely killed in pounds in Erie County, while $200 or more per animal must be paid to federallylicensed vendors to bring unclaimed pound animals in from other states for research purposes. In Massachusetts, anti-research groups had the pound law repealed with an addendum prohibiting the transport of dogs and cats into the state for research purposes. Now the Massachusetts medical schools are forming facilities for the breeding of dogs and cats for research purposes. As a result, thousands of animals are being euthanized in pounds with no benefit to society whatever, while now a separate population of research animals is being bred at a great cost and then also euthanized. It is of interest that, over the past 80 years, no scientist has been convicted of animal cruelty. A temporary exception was Dr. Edward Taub, whose Maryland laboratory was invaded by police after a srttged antivivisectionist raid, and was initially convicted of animal cruelty by a Maryland court, but all of the convictions were subsequently overruled on the grounds that Maryland anti-cruelty laws did not apply to federally funded laboratories. Dr. Taub's studies involved limb use behavior in monkeys on which the sensory nerves to the arms had been cut. Since the monkeys had no sensation in their limbs, and therefore experienced no pain (a fact which antivivisectionists conveniently ignore), the monkeys tend to chew on their fingers . The techniques developed by Dr. Taub for the care of these monkeys and the limb movement studies have important relevance to rehabilitation of stroke patients. In all this furor and publicity, his monkeys were turned over to the NIH and his grant was suspended. Interestingly, NIH had to rely on Dr. Taub's expertise to take care of his monkeys. Current measures are being taken to reinstate Dr. Taub's research funds. NIH concluded recently that Dr. Taub did not mistreat his monkeys. While pound laws have been repealed in several other New England states, it is worthwhile noting that antivivisectionist attempts to repeal the pound law in California have been prevented thus far because the medical schools in that state have mounted a vigorous and sustained opposition campaign with the formation of the California Association for Biomedical Research. Similar well organized efforts by area medical schools have prevented attempts to repeal the pound law in Chicago, as well. THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY NEEDS TO SPEAK OUT The biomedical research community must begin a strong effort to communicate the methods and the basis of scientific discovery to the lay public. The current irrational attacks on science by antivivisectionists must be countered by rational arguments and descriptions of the payoffs from biomedical research must be supplied by both investigators and patients benefiting from such studies. These issues must be addressed both in the media, and to state and federal legislators. In addition, physicians must begin to play a stronger role in educating their patients as to the basis of the medical advances which doctors are using in current practice both to maintain and restore health. Up to now, the attitude of all but a few physicians has been to rely on others to defend the basis of the therapies they use on a daily basis. In fact, a few irresponsible physicians have actually agreed publicly with the antivivisectionists. It would seem that it is high time for the medical community and physician organizations to begin pulling themselves together in an organized way to combat this serious threat. Concerned physicians and allied health professionals can respond to antivivisectionist activities by writing letters to the newspapers and magazines, and especially to their sta~e and federal legislators. An organized political action movement, such as that carried out in California, has been proven to yield positive results. Those physicians who are concerned about whether coming out in public defense of animal research will influence their practice and turn some patients away c.an work in more unobtrusive ways by contributing time. and money to organizations which defend medt.cal research, such as the National Society for Medtcal Research. Local research defense societies can be formed. PLAUSIBLE SOLUTIONS The view of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology is that most of the goals of. current proposed federal legislation coul.d be achteved by increasing the funding for the Agnculture a.n d Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), whtch enforces the Animal Welfare Act. �Unfortunately, the Reagan administration is intent at present on withdrawing much of the current level of funding for APHIS. At the federal level, several bills have been introduced into Congress that offer restrictions on animal experimentation. Senator Dole has introduced ~ Bill (S567) (with a simi~~r bill in the House) which strengthens the provlSlons of the Animal Welfare Act and requires the formation of institutional animal care committees. The American Physiological Society has recently endorsed the Dole Bill. The Society supports the concept of an institutional animal care committee which would review research proposals from the s~andpoint of humane care. In addition, the operatiOn of an existing agency already legislated as the Animal Welfare Act would be strengthened. It is the society's belief that the Dole legislation will meet the concerns of many of the animal rights groups with~mt serious ~nterfe~ence with t~e scientific process Itself. The biOmedical commumty must realize, however, that no amount of legislation will ever satisfy a significant number of antivivisectionists. In these groups, their only goal is to end all use of animals for research. In summary, the final judgment of the basis for animal experimentation must consider the value of life, in particular, human life. The assumption is that it is acceptable to experiment on lower animals to achieve human good. While Albert Schweitzer had reverence for all life, he specifically stated he approved of animal experimentation if carried out humanely. To quote the British dermatologist Shuster: "Modern knowledge and technology are too complex to be powered by an outdated ethic, a blinkered understanding, and a wet sentimentality:•s • BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Randall, W.C. Is medical research in Jeopardy? The Physiologist 26:73-77, 1983. 2. Comroe, J.H. Jr. and Robert D. Dripps. Ben Franklin and Open Heart Sur· gery. Circulation Research 35:661·669, 1974. Gay, W.l. Health Benefits of Animal Research, The Dog as a Research Sub· ject. Physiologist 27:133-141, 1984. 4. Key, J.D. and A. E. Rodin. William Osier and Arthur Conan Doyle versus the antivivisectionists: some lessons from history for today. Mayo Clin1c Proc. a. 189·196, 1984. 5. Shuster, S. Why we need ammal research. Research Defense Society Lecture given at Royal Society, London, October 24, 1977. I. T. Noah, Monkey Business. The New Republic, June 2, pp. 20-23, 1982. 7. Visscher, M.B. Animal rights and alternative methods: two new twists 1n the antivivisection movement. The pharos of alpha omega alpha 42: 11-19, 1979. Guiding Principles in the Care and Use of Animals Approved by th e Council of The American Physiological Society A nimal experiments are to be undertaken only with the purpose of advancing knowledge. Consideration should be given to the appropriat~ness of experimental procedures, species of ammals used, and number of animals required. O_nly animals that are lawfully acquired shall be used 10 the laboratory, and their retention and use shall be in every case in compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations, and in accordance with the IH Guide. Animals in the laboratory must receive every consideration for their con:fort; they must be properly _housed, fe_d; and their surroundings kept in a samtary condition. Appropriate anesthetics must be used to eliminate sensibility to pain during all surgical procedures. Where recovery from anesthesia is ne_c~ss~ ry du:ing the study, acceptable technique to mmimize pam must be followed. Muscle relaxants or paralytics are not anesthetics and they should not be used alone fo~ surgi~al r~straint. They may be used for surgery 10 conJunctiOn with drugs known to produce adequate analgesia. Where use of anesthetics would negate the results of the experiment such procedures should be carried out in strict ac~ordance with the NIH Guide. If the study requires the death of the animal, the animal must be killed in a humane manner at the conclusion of the observations. The postoperative care of animals shall be such as to minimi_ze discomfort and pain, and in any case shall be equivalent to accepted practices in schools of veterinary medicine. W~en animals are used by students for their educatiOn or the advancement of science, such work s~all be under the direct supervision of an expernenced teacher or investigator. The rules for the care of such animals must be the same as for animals used for research. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �Dr. Barney Clark and the artificial heart He was committed to experimentation , his widow said ''G od's most precious gift to us is life, and the second most precious is intelligence. We believe that we were given intelligence to progress. We believe that in gratitude to God we should prolong life as long as possible;' said Una Loy Clark, national spokeswoman for the American Heart Association. The widow of Dr. Barney Clark, the recipient of history's first artificial heart, Mrs. Clark spoke in the Buffalo Convention Center on April 25, at a conference on the "Quality of Life." Until the onslaught of heart disea e, Mrs. Clark explained, her husband was a very healthy man. He had retired from his Seattle dental practice two years previously and was enjoying his leisure. In 1979, he began feeling extreme fatigue and pain which was diagnosed as emphysema. A short time later, he was diagnosed with cardiomyopathy, a degenerative and usually fatal heart mu cle disease. Cardiomyopathy, a condition in which the heart muscle becomes flabby and unable to pump blood, is uncorrectable by exercise or surgery. Dr. Clark was forced to rely on medications, drugs which often had harmful side effects. The 59-year-old Clark's quest for a cure led him to the University of Utah Medical Center in October 1982 to investigate the option of an artificial heart. Dr. and Mrs. Clark discussed the procedure with Dr. William DeVries, head surgeon of the artificial heart team, and a member of the Utah American Heart Association Research Committee. Although the artificial heart had never been attempted in a human body, it had been implanted experimentally in cows and sheep, and the Clarks watched these animals move about in the barns. By Mary Kunz Through the difficult days that followed, Dr. Clark was troubled with nosebleeds, lung problems, and seizures, due to the new heart which was pumping more blood than had the inefficient old one. Mrs. Clark remembered, though, that there were also good days, as when Dr. Clark enjoyed trips to the shower, the X-ray lab, and once, as a surprise, to Dr. DeVries' office. Dr. Clark. she said, never complained. Although the artificial heart functioned properly, and the implantation wa considered successful, Dr. Clark experienced swings in his condition and other complications over the next few months. On March 23, 1983, almost four months after he had received the mechanical heart, he died. Mrs. Clark views the death of her husband, despite its U pon discovering that DeVrie was looking for a suitable human volunteer, the Clarks began considering the possibility. "I knew this was a way of telling us that we had run out of options," Mrs. Clark recalled. Dr. Clark remained calm and cheerful, and his wife says, "I began to realize the true stature of the man I had married 39 years before." The artificial heart team was looking for a volunteer who would fit certain criteria. He should be near death, Mrs. Clark wa told, and capable of handling stress. He had to be willing to live in Salt Lake City for the rest of his life, have the consent of family and wife, and ign a bleak, discouraging 13-page consent form. "My husband and I prayed every night," Mrs. Clark said. "We are a religiou family, members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day aints. We were influenced by our religious doco·ine." She and her hu ba~d, s~e related, discu.ssed their decision with no one except the1r children, and declmed all advice. After a Thank giving spent happily with their children and grandchildren, Barney Clark decided to volunteer. "I felt a calmness I had not felt in many months;' Mrs. Clark said. "I could not but interpret this to mean that the decision was right." Dr. Clark refused DeVrie 's air ambulance, electing for a common carrier trip. "He wanted to keep things as normal as possible;' Mrs. Clark sa1d. Present at the operation were several members of the heart team, who, Una Loy Clark related, "were as close as any immediate family." And, on December 2, 1982, an artificial heart beat for the first time in a human body. 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Mrs. Barney Ctarlc being a great loss, as a beginning for the future of the artificial heart as a measure against heart disease. "People ask me sometimes if Dr. Clark thought it was worth. it;' she told the audience. "I simply remind them of what he sa1d on TV - that, if he hadn't thought it was worth it, he would not have persevered through it." "H aving been his wife for 39 year , and by his side in t~e h?sp1tal, I knew him, his personality, and the work. mg of h1~ mmd;' she said. "I never once heard him complain, or expenence regrets at the course he had chosen. When he was ~sked if the new heart was painful, he said no, that at first •t. had bothered him, 'but now it doesn't; it just keeps on pumpmg.' ."He expected no great personal miracle. He looked for the Simple plea.sures ~n life, to enjoy interaction with his family, and conduct h1s busmess ~n his office. o promise was made to h1m, but he was dedicated to experimentation - undoubtedly there would be much learned. It was this" Mrs. Clark said, "that gave him the strength and purpose t~ make the decision he did." • �IP Injection 3-4 weeks Antibody a: UJ _J (!) UJ :.:: z :s <1: t'-' a: MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY PRODUCTION <1: :c L-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~ U High-tech in cell cloning arrives in WNY School of Medicine will house one of five monoclonal centers in nation T he high technology of cloning cells for medical purposes will now establish a firm footing in Western ew York. This is because UB's School of Medicine will be the location of a new Monoclonal Antibody Center, one of only five central monoclonal centers in the nation. The laboratory will use the newest medical technology to clone cells that have been "programmed" to produce specific types of antibodies that can be directed at hig~ly defin~d antigen sites, such as sites in tumor cells, bactena and viruses. "The new center is being established in Erie County Medical Center's clinical center and was expected to be in operation. on June 1:' says Michael A. Apicella, M.D., acting director of the Center. He i UB professor of medicine and director of the Divi ion of Infectious Diseases. The monoclonal center will function as a service laboratory, manufacturing the antibodies for use by up to 50 other UB researchers and by dozens of institutional and commerciallaboratories in the U.S. which do not have the expertise or resources to develop these materials. It will support research by immunologists, endocrinologists, microbiologists, biologists and engineers. . . . . It is UB's newest contnbutJOn to the developing high technology industry in Western ~e:W York. is anticipated that the center will be self-sustaining within two years by generating income from royalties and services. At the pre~ent time the unit is supported by the Research FoundatiOn, Graduate School and School of Medicine. Although the antibodi.es will be u~ed i~ basic. r.esearch, they hold promi e for practical apphcatio~ m medicine. T.he new technology could be used to treat per~Istent gram-?e.ga~Ive bacterial infections, which are often resistant to antibiOtics. These include Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Tularemia and Brucellosis infections. Tumor antibodies could be developed to target specific types of tumors. An inter~sting application of the antibodies could be as a targetmg device or vehicle that could deliver cytotoxic drug to tumors. Private companies will be able to use the antibodies as biological reagents for identifying and diagnosing the prese~ce of a ~articular bacteria causing infection, or a tumor causing. mal~gnancy. As a basic research tool, the antibodies cloned at the center promise to shed light on the structure of the cell surface of bacteria and the actual sites on the cell surface where the antibodies attack. Dr. Apicella and his coinve tigators are !t currently using only mouse cells. The idea for the central laboratory was conceived thi·ee years ago by Alister Brownie, M.D., professor and chairman of the Department of Biochemistry, and John aughton, M.D., School of Medicine dean. Dr. Apicella brought the idea to fruition together with Philip LoVerde, Ph.D., associate professor of microbiology, Robert Genco, D.D.S., Ph.D., chairman of oral biology, and Ronald Berezney, Ph.D., associate professor of biological sciences. The laboratory will operate in cooperation with the Health-Related I nstruments and Device Institute, Inc. (HIDI) directed by Michael Anbar, Ph.D., chairman of the Department of Biophysical Sciences. In addition Dr. Raymond Kelleher, associate professor of biology at State University College at Geneseo, had a major role in development of the center. The antibodies are developed from the products of fusion of mouse spleen cells and plasmacytoma cells, certain malignant cells isolated from mice that manufacture the antibodies. The combination, called hybridoma, is a hybrid between the two cell types. The actual procedures work in the following way: After experimental mice are immunized, their spleens are removed. The spleen cells are washed and mixed with mou e plasmacytoma cells that are maintained in tissue culture. Polyethylene-glycol (PEG) is then added to fuse the two types of cells, the spleen and plasmacytoma cells. An antimetabolite, aminopterin, kills the malignant cells but not the spleen cells or hybrid fused spleen/malignant cell . The process enables these cells to be separated. After two weeks of growth, the clones become visible. Those cells identified as containing antibodies are separated and further cultured to produce large volumes. The hybridomas and antibody can be easily stored in freezers for long periods of time. When an order is placed by another laboratory, the specimens can be thawed and reconstituted for further use, or for additional antibody production. ~r. Apicella received his medical degree from Downstate Medical Center in 1963. During the month of April, 1984 he served on the World Health Organization's Panel on Encapsulated Bacteria. He is a member of the editorial board of Infection and Immunity, and received the U.S. Air Force's Re earch Development Award in Medicine in 1970. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �The death of McKinley Jacobsen probes who was to blame S By Mariann Caprino orne years ago, perhaps a score or more, Dr. A. Wilmot Jacobsen was given a scrapbook tha~ documented a slice of history - those few days m 1901 when Buffalo reigned as the nation's capital. The scrapbook contained newspaper articles, photographs, scientific dissertations and eve~ tempe~a~ure charts, all relating to the shooting of President Wilham McKinley at the Pan American Exposition and his death eight days later. The book had been compiled by Dr. Charles Stockton, one of McKinley's doctors who observed first-hand what some called the medical incompetence that led to McKinley's death. "I was presented with everything I ever wanted," Jacobsen says. "It would have taken months of work in dusty archives to get all the information contained in that scrapbook:' The controversy over the president's medical treatment was still fresh in the air when the young Dr. Jacobsen arrived in Buffalo in 1926 to start an outpatient department at Children's Hospital. "People who had been part of it were still around, though by now I don't think you could find anyone who has recollection of it:' he says. Still, in 1926 and for years to come, the veritable feud that had sprung up among various factions in the medical community was very much alive. "Whole families of doctors didn't speak to each other for years and years:' Jacobsen says. And every time a story cropped up in the newspapers commemorating the president's death,. talk i~ the Chil~ren's Hospital doctor's lounge would be m the air once agam. Jacobsen was already fascinated with the medical aspects of the case - let alone the social aspects - long before he even knew the scrapbook existed. "All the top doctors in ew York complained he died here in the sticks and suffered from bad medical care," says Jacobsen (who today, at the age of 85, still practices pediatrics. He joined 16 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN PRESIDENT'S DO DENY REPORTS Of DISSENSION Dr. A. Wilmot Jacobsen (allfweJ reviewed evidence In adecade·IDnll debate wer whether doctors could have saved McKinley. (Below letrJ Dla11ram shows path of buller thtoUflh the President. Fonn of woman was used 11v mistake. the University of Buffalo faculty in 1926, and is today professor emeritus in pediatrics). While he believes the doctors involved probably did "botch the job:' Jacobsen also is ready to concede that the primitive state of medical technology of the day makes it difficult for us to pass judgment. "Today it could have been taken care of, and perhaps then as well, but they didn't know what the blood was doing, what the body fluids were doing, where the bullet was:' he says. But the investigation of the medical handling of McKinley's case properly begins, in Jacobsen's mind, with a much simpler question: Did the right man operate? McKinley was shot twice at close range while he stood in a receiving line in the Temple of Music. The assassin, a young anarchist named Leon Czolgosz, was later electrocuted. The first of Czolgosz's bullets ricocheted off McKinley's breastbone and was recovered later as his clothing was removed. The second bullet, however, deeply penetrated his abdomen, taking off a tip of the pancreas as it tore through the portly president. McKinley was rushed in the city's first electric ambulance to the Exposition hospital. A handful of students from the University of Buffalo Medical School attended the president until a group of professional doctors arrived. Taking over as chief of the medical team was Dr. Matthew D. Mann, a top surgeon of the day, but by no means a general surgeon. "He'd never operated on anything above the belly button:' Jacobsen says. That's because Dr. Mann was a gynecologist: "It was .very ill-advised to have a gynecologist operate on him, especially under these adverse circumstances," Jacobsen says. He also criticizes the decison to operate im- �mediately. According to Jacobsen, the president seemed to be in little pain, and he was even rallying as he lay resting. "There didn't seem to be any danger of shock, though the doctors feared internal hemorrhaging;' he said. The most logical choice to perform the surgery was Dr. Roswell Park, who, at the height of his career, was quite familiar with this type of operation. Alas, he was in Niagara Falls in another operating theater, and the decision to proceed was made before he could arrive on the scene. C ertainly the medical techniques of the day were rather limited. After all, antibiotics wouldn't come into widespread use for another 40-odd years. But the eagerness with which the doctors operated cost them the use of the few modern conveniences available at the time. For one thing, it was decided not to transport the president to the hospital, "though they were prepared to take him;' Jacobsen says. The primitive medical room at the Exposition, where McKinley had been taken from the Temple of Music, was used for his treatment. "The sun was just going down, and there was just one small window where light came in;' Jacobsen says. "In order to get more light on the operating site, one doctor held a mirror to reflect light onto the injured man." Instruments used were not of surgical quality - "they were more like those from a doctor's bag;' Jacobsen says. Dr. Park's maid brought over a fully equipped medical bag, but it lay in the next room unnoticed. Once the operation was underway, Dr. Mann was unable to trace the bullet. In addition, he did not notice the damage to the pancreas. But perhaps his two biggest errors were in not removing the tissue torn in the path of the. bullet a!'ld in not putting in a drain that would remove tox1c secretwns. McKinley, who ironically had scored one of his earliest triumphs as a lawyer by winning a malpractice suit, died eight days later, not of an infection, but of gangrene. The medical team came under fire from other doctors and from a host of what Jacobsen calls "Monday-morning quarterbacks" - those inexhaustible thinkers who relentlessly ask the question, "What if?" ''A very prominent lawyer got all the main doctors together and told them they should recognize this was slander and make a legal issue out of it in order to stop it," Jacobsen says. Soon the group issued a statement saying "there was never disagreement among the professional attendants as to ... the treatment of the case ... Every publication and all alleged interviews with us containing criticism of one another or of any of our associates are false and are nothing but scandal-mongering." Dr. Park was only loosely associated with this group, more because of his high profile than because of his involvement with treatment, yet he also signed the statement. Years later, in 1945 to be precise, he questioned the treatment and hinted that it was only because of "professional jealousy" that Dr. Mann didn't wait for him to get back to Buffalo and perform the surgery. Many people believed J?r. Par.k could have saved McKinley, not only bcause of his ~xpenence but also be.cause he advocated the logical medical treatment. Iromcally, perhaps, an incident occur~ed soon after the McKinley tragedy that provided concrete evidence that Park could have saved the president. "An interesting accident occurred several weeks after the assassination;' as Dr. Jacobsen relates it. ''A woman wanted to comm it suicide and read all the stories of how McKinley died of all these wounds. So she shot herself in the stomach and practically duplicated his wounds. She was a pretty good McK/nter died despite, or was It because ot, the doctors In attendance. shot, but it was Park who took care of her - he cleaned up the mess from the bullet and put a drain in, and she promptly got well:' Four U.S. presidents have died because of assassins' bullets. Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy, who died of massive head wounds, probably never had a chance. But !"'cKinley and James Garfield, who lived for 80 days after bemg shot, are two whose deaths became controversial and who are believed might have had a chance if they had received proper medical care. For Jac.obse.n,. tha.t scrapbook on McKink 1 opened up a world of h1stonc mtngue he had often heard hinted of. He metic':'lously made slides of the scrapbook pages before donatmg the book to UB and he has taken his one-man show on the road to luncheons and group meetings. It never fails to attract interest. He may know his presentation by heart, but Jacobsen lets his audience decide whether it was the doctors, not the gunman, who killed McKinley. Reprinted with the permission of the Buffalo News Inc., where Caprino is a staff writer. �Dr. Beverly Bishop (at ffflht, above} with students and 'subJect' (as seen In ctose·up on next page}, demonstrating use ot computetfzed equipment to reconl and analyze data In neurophYSiology laboratory. Computer era changes the way neurophysiology lab is taught Innovation incorporates state-of-the-art tools Y ears ago, the oscilloscope and polygraph were state-of-the-art tools essential to the study of the human nervous system. Now the computer era has changed all that. For the first time in any academic institution, computers will become an integral part of a course in neurophysiology. Dr. Beverly Bishop, UB professor of physiology, has received a $10;000 grant to computerize UB's neurophysiology laboratory course in an innovative manner that may permanently lead to changes in the way this and other medical school courses are taught. Working with Dr. Bishop will be Thomas Moriarity, UB physiology teaching assistant. Neurophysiology, the medical science that studies the function of the nervous system, is an important component of the general physiology course taken in the first year of the Medical School program. Currently, laboratory experiments in neurophysiology are performed in the traditional manner of recording and analysing analog data. The traditional equipment now in use is gradually becoming obsolete and in need of replacement. This fact added to the urgency of launching this innovative microcomputer in$tructional system. A primary goal of the novel program is to promote interest in careers as physician18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN researchers by stimulating medical students' interest in the experimental approach. The recent trend has been toward fewer physicians entering the field of scientific investigation and research medicine. "The time has come to reverse this trend. The advent of the microcomputer can assist in this reversal," Dr. Bishop reports. By computerizing the teaching laboratories, medical students cane be introduced early to the "excitement and joy of research and experimentation which may spark the desire for a career as physician-investigator;' she adds. The grant was awarded by the ational Fund for Medical Education, which was chartered by Congress in 1954 to mobilize voluntary support for medical education. It has awarded over $57 million to medical schools, societies and consortia since its founding in 1949. The Fund's primary mission is to promote the best possible health care for the American people through improvement in medical education. The International Business Machines Corporation has elected to sponsor the project and provide the equipment. Dr. Bishop foresees the computerization of her course leading to similar modernization of other Medical School courses here at UB and elsewhere. "It will serve as a pro- totype for use at institutions across the nation;' she states. Although microcomputers have invaded most neurophysiological research laboratories, they have not yet been introduced into student laboratory experiments. Initially their exorbitant cost prohibited their use in teaching labs. Today, microcomputers are sufficiently inexpensive to become a personal possession. In spite of this, computers have not yet been widely used in medical teaching. In those cases where they have been used, their application is quite different from that planned at UB. After Dr. Bishop taught classical neurophysiology for many years, she took a break from teaching the course. During that time she realized that the only way to teach the subject with all the technological advances that have occurred was to teach it with the new technology. Not only does Dr. Bishop expect computerization of her course to attract future career researchers, she also feels it will clearly improve the effectiveness of the teaching itself. "The students will profit from this modernization because they will be able to perform their experiments more efficiently;' she explains. In addition, "hands-on experience with microprocessors should better prepare students for the real-world in which microprocessors are now an integral part of most modern medical equipment;' Dr. Bishop reports. Dr. Bishop points out that "because computers will be everywhere in the work place, medical students should learn what they can and cannot do for them." �ResearchUsing computers will drastically increase the capability to extract and analyze information, some of it previously inaccessible. Dr. Bishop points to the example of analyzing waveforms of single motor unit potentials, "an almost impossible task prior to the advent of the rapid digitizing capability" of the new technology. A nother benefit inherent in Bishop's approach is that "the work station" concept can be used in the student laboratory. This educational method is a new way to teach classes comprised of students with diverse academic backgrounds and career goals. "Rather than being tied to a fixed schedule, each student can progress at a rate commensurate with his own ability and motivation;' she explains. The computer program is the key to the ability to use this method since it can be designed to "adapt" to different learning rates. The benefits go beyond educational and career goals. Very simply, computerization can lead to a reduction in the number of experimental adnimals used for teaching neurophysiology (and other) courses. Using computers to analyze and store data, neural impulses recorded from a single animal can be shared by several groups of students. "At the conclusion of an experiment, all data can be pooled and each student will have more information regarding the experiment than in the traditional mode where each group of students has a different animal to study. Besides dealing with the sensitive issue of sacrificing animals, it can result in significant savings. The potential for application of Dr. Bishop's use of computers is great. Once the new course is established and refined, "the remaining sections of the medical physiology course such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, body fluids, and GI sections will follow this lead." Once the effectiveness of the course is demonstrated, it will become an example or prototype for other medical schools. Computer programs and manuals have to be devised for the course since none have ever been developed. Thus "the laboratory manual and computer programs could become a basic course for teaching neurophysiology at any institution," Dr. Bishop claims. • Food Stamps May not aid nutrition By Mary Beth Spina istributing food rather than food stamps may be a more effective method for enhancing the nutritional status of the nation's poor, two UB Medical School epidemiologists contend. James Marshall, associate professor of social and preventive medicine, and David I. Gregorio of the Health Systems Agency of Western New York, note that although the federal government is spending record amounts to fund the food stamp program, the expenditure is not necessarily translating into better nutrition for the poor. In a recently released study funded by the National Institutes of Health, the two found that the average intake of total calories and five essential nutrients by children in families below the poverty level did not significantly differ whether or not their families received food stamps. "Just as many more affiuent purchasers do not necessarily buy the foods and beverages which will give them the best in terms of nutrition, neither do their fellow purchasers who go to the supermarket armed with food stamps;' Dr. Marshall said. "When the food stamp program was instituted in 1964, it was believed that the poor could be better fed by a program which operated within regular channels of trade," Dr. Marshall explained. Earlier programs provided surplus government food such as powdered milk and cheese directly to the poor. Although the food stamp program increased the amount of money spent in the U.S. on food, he noted, there had been no comprehensive studies to determine whether levels of nutrition improve among those receiving the stamps. he UB study utilized data from the first Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in which some 2, 774 pre-school and 3,509 school-age children answered questions about foods eaten in a 24-hour period before participation in the study. Both the children and adults responsible for feeding them were questioned on what was consumed by the youngsters during this time period. The foods and beverages were then analyzed to determine the proportion of recommended dietary allowances of calories, protein, iron, calcium and vitamins A and C they provided. Family participation in the food stamp program did not significantly affect the nutritional adequacy of the children's diets when other economic and social factors were taken into account, the researchers found. They did note, however, that children in families headed by women had more adequate consumption of the nutrients studied than did youngsters in households headed by males. White children fared somewhat better nutritionally than non-whites. Further, the higher the education level of the head of the household, the greater the nutritional adequacy. Drs. Marshall and Gregorio said that although their method of evaluating the diets, based on a 24-hour food consumption inventory, does not present a total picture of the children's nutrition, it does give an approximation of long-term dietary patterns and habits. "Clearly, more studies need to be conducted to determine what the most effective food subsidy programs would be in terms of providing adequate nutrition to this nation's poor;' Dr. Marshall emphasized. 11 ithin the federal food stamp program's annual cost of some $10 billion, there are still segments of the population below poverty level who do not receive even this assistance," he pointed out. Among youngsters in the study from families designated as "below the poverty level," less than half of the pre-schoolers and school-age children were in households that received the stamps. "There is no doubt that there are people tonight in the U.S. who will go to bed hungry and others who, if not actually hungry, have not received adequate nutrition for the day from thei.r food consumption," Dr. Marshall noted. Indeed, in many areas of the country, soup kitchens are serving record numbers of poor daily, and community food pantries designed to tide over those awaiting food stamps have difficulty keeping up with the demand. Only more careful study of the problem from a scientific point of ,·iew may be able to provide answers to how a government program could remedy these problems in the future, Dr. Marshall said. The ultimate answer may lie in direct food distribution, or in the introduction of nutritional advice into the food stamp program. At any rate, according to the study, the present effort is falling short. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �Dr. Joseph Prezlo (letrJ and Dr. Hank Kung take a break In the lab where Dr. Kung Is conducUng research to develop new Imaging agents. Nuclear Medicine New unit proves to be versatile I By Mary Beth Spina t's one of the School of Medicine's newest departments. But as one of the "new kids on the block;' historically speaking, the Department of Nuclear Medicine has already proved itself to be among the most versatile of departments through the scope and variety of services it provides the Western ew York area. A major, unique contribution, according to Acting Department Chairman Joseph A. Prezio, M.D., is the extensive Health Physics Program which operates out of the School of Medicine's facilities at 2211 Main St. During"the past 14 years in which the Health Physics Office has monitored use of radioactive materials at DB-affiliated and associated hospitals, these institutions have had improved compliance with radiation safety rules and regulations, resulting in better inspection reports from regulatory agen cies. In addition, the Office has relieved these facilities of much of the responsibility for maintaining compliance. Currently all the hospitals involved are covered under one broad radioactive materials license. The licen e is issued by the ew York State Department of Health and the uclear Regulatory Commission which is administered by the local Joint Radioisotope Committee ORC). Amendment and renewal applications for the license are prepared and submitted by the Health Physics Office. In addition, all associated documents, such as safety manuals, human-use reports, inventories, and other materials are prepared by the Office, sparing each institution the task of individual license maintenance and associated document preparation. The coordination of efforts in the area of radiation safety also eliminates the need for each institution to maintain a radioisotope safety committee; instead, each has a representative serve on the JRC. 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Members of the JRC are Dr. Prezio, chairman, Mercy Hospital; Dr. George Baeumler, Buffalo General and its Deaconess Division; Dr. Suraj Bakshi, Roswell Park Memorial Institute; Dr. Shantikumar Bedmutha, Erie County Medical Center; Dr. Merrill Bender, The Buffalo Medical Group; Dr. Kwangjoo, Sisters of Charity Hospital; Dr. Diana 0. Duszynski, Children's Hospital; Dr. Rudolph Sada, Lockport Memorial Hospital; Dr. Douglas Sirkin, Millard Fillmore Hospitals; Dr. Jehuda Steinbach, Veterans Administation Medical Center; Dr. Hank Kung, Research Division; Dr. Robert Ackerhalt, Central Radiopharmaceutical Services, located in Acheson Hall; Bill Quain, Health Physics Division; John Pulli, Veterans Administration Medical Center administration, and Francis Iannopollo, VAMC nursing serv1ce. Under the broad license, non-routine human uses of radiopharmaceuticals for research and clinical evaluation are approved locally by the Joint Radioisotope Committee and the local FDA-approved Radioactive Drug Research Committee. If the institutions operated under their own individual licenses, they would have to apply directly to the New York State D~partment of Health or FDA, a time-consuming process wh1ch would require longer time for approval. Another advantage of the broad license is that a single non-routine human use application can be extended for ap~roval for use at all of the affiliated hospitals, resulting in less time and paperwork. During compliance inspections periodically conducted by regulatory ~genC!es, the JRC health physicists- Bill Quain or John Nicholson - accompany the inspector and are :vada~le ~o answer ~uestion concerning procedures. Fewer surpnses. ~n e .dunng these inspections becau e the inspector 1s fam1har w1th the standard program of radioisotope recordkeeping, disposal, and other procedures developed by the Health Physics Office. • . Qu~in, who received a master's in public health in ra?!Oiog!Cal health from the University of Minnesota, and 1ch.o!son, a graduate of UB's B.S. degree program in nuclear med1cme technology, are employed full -time. �Medical School NewsC urrently, the joint Radioisotope Committee has authorized approximately 190 senior investigators to use radioactive materials in the institutions covered by the broad license. An additional 700 secondary users work under the direction of these investigators. Most of the work deals with biomedical research· the remainder is directed toward in vitro and in vivo clinical diagnostic and therapeutic studies. Because the Health Physics Program has primary responsibilities to assure that radioactive materials are used safely and in compliance with rules and regulations, users enjoy both lower personnel radiation exposures and assistance in compliance. Although some ho~p!tals cov.ered under the broad license employ health physiCists, the1r efforts are directed primarily within the hospital's departments of radiology and radiation therapy. Since strict control of low-level radioactive materials is essential to protect employees who work with the materials, as well as the public-at-large, unannounced inspections of offcampus locations are made every six months by the local Office's health physicists. Noting the seriousness with which the Health Physics staff take their responsibilities to protect individuals from accidental or deliberate misuse of radioactive materials, Dr. Prezio points out that some labs have been closed when repeated warnings to correct violations were ignored. "We don't hesitate to restrain their use of radioactive materials;' he says, "because we aren't dealing with parking infractions. These are violations which are potentially hazardous to the safety of employees working with radioactive materials or even to innocent bystanders who could be exposed to unnecessary dangers." Deficiencies have included failure to post warning signs in areas where radioactive materials are present, improper disposal of waste, poor recordkeeping concerning materials use, inadequate contamination surveys, or failure of employees to have adequate protection when working with the materials. "Deficiences which cannot be corrected on the spot are followed up from five to 30 days, depending upon the nature of the problem and the time required to correct it; says Quain. Key considerations of the health physicists are protecting hospital/research employees working with the materials; providing safety for support personnel, such as those in housekeeping and maintenance who may come in contact with radioactive materials use areas; and protecting the environment. Several hospitals generate radioactive waste which cannot be disposed of on site by decay, incineration, or other app.rov<:d methods . This waste is shipped to commercial disposal s1tes m appropnate waste containers provided by the Health Physics Office. An effective waste removal program for these materials has permitted uninterrupted use of them. According to Quain, materials used in radioimmunoassays (RIA) account for the bulk of radioactive waste generated in the off-campus facilities. The radiophar- Dr. Ackeman and Ms. Steves (center] lnstntct one ot the nuclear medicine technolow students In the lab. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 �maceuticals used in nuclear medicine for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have short half-lives allowing them to be disposed of locally after radioactive decay. A nother unique and vital contribution of the Health Physics Program is the course, "Basic R adiation Safety;' taught to research technicians and other involved in handling radioactive materials. More than 200 new employees, most of them research technicians, have attended the five-week course since it began in 1978. Individuals with previous formal training in radiation safety may have the course requirement waived. In the six year the course has been offered, Quain believes, there's been a decrease in deficiences found in the off-campus laboratories. Another boost to achieving a goal of more professional training for employees of laboratories which make use of radioactive materials has been the development of the uclear Medicine Technology Program co-sponsored by the UB Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Medical Technology (the latter a department in the School of Health Related Professions). Coordinated by Ann Steves, who has a dual faculty appointment in these departments, the program has graduated approximately 45 students since it wa established in 1977. One of only about 25 bachelor degree programs nationally offering a major in nuclear medicine technology, the UB program sees its graduates taking jobs all over the world. "At least a couple of our graduates have gone to areas in the midwest and southwest where they are employed to work on mobile nuclear medicine programs serving several small hospitals in a geographic area. Another graduate is working in Saudi Arabia;' says Ms. Steves. Having a degree in a high demand area, the UB graduates have considerable latitude in selecting where they will work. Upon graduation, they are eligible to take national certification examinations which will allow them to practice across the nation. As staff technologists in nuclear medicine, these graduates are responsible for operating and maintaining nuclear medicine equipment on a daily basis, preparing radiopharmaceuticals, assuring routine compliance with regulations, and interacting with patients served by the departments in which they work. Their f~eshman and sophomore years are spent in the core science curriculum at UB; in the junior year they are in a classroom setting taught by faculty in the Department of uclear Medicine and others. The senior year, they gain experience in clinical settings, rotating through various Buffalo hospitals affiliated with the program. Ms. Steves, who holds the B.S. in chemistry and the M.S. in health sciences education, recalls that when she entered the nuclear medicine technology field in 1969, there were few programs nationally which specialized in the field on the undergraduate level. "But I was lucky;' she explains. "I was trained by two of the pioneers in the field of nuclear medicine - Drs. Merrill Bender and Monte Blau." I n the area of physician education, the Department of uclear Medicine at UB has the fourth largest residency program in the specialty nationally, according to Dr. Prezio. Proud of the fact that a year ago, the Accreditation Council for Graduate and Medical Education presented the Department with a five-year renewal, he is equally proud that nearly 75 residents have completed the two-year program since 1969. 22 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (Above} Dr. Prezlo (seated} and nuclear medicine residents review data trom a carrllac Imaging stuflr. (Below} Bill Quain (lett} and John Nicholson examine materials used IJr tacuttr and researchers which are covered under the broad license. While many of these are pract1cmg in hospitals and laboratories in New York, others have gone cross-country to head departments of nuclear medicine. Most of the residents accepted into the program have a background in internal medicine, radiology or pathology, and are taught by 30 professional staff and faculty - full-time and clinical - who hold either M.D. or Ph.D. degrees. The residents rotate through Buffalo General and Mercy hospitals, Roswell Park Memorial Institute and the Veterans Administration Medical Center as well as through the Central Radiopharmacy and _the Health Physics Program. Selectives may be taken at Ene County Medical Center and Children's Hospital. All the education and training provided through the Department of Nuclear Medicine doesn't take place in Buffalo, however. Only recently a research agreement to encourage excha~ge of knowledge ~nd .to develop new brain imaging agents to diagnose neurologic disorders was formalized between the J?epartment and scientists at Beijing (China) ormal UniverSity. The agreement, work toward which was initiated four yea:s ago by former UB Department of uclear Medicine cha1rma~ Dr. Monte Blau and Dr. Bo-Li Liu, vice chairman of B Us Departme~H of Chemistry, is believed the first to encourage collaborative research in nuclear medicine between U.S. and Chinese scientists. . Dr. Blau presented sei?inars to UB's Beijing colleagues m 1.982, and last _Year, Dr. LIU lectured in Buffalo while engaged m collaborative research here. Dr. Hank Kung, director of research a?? dev~lopment in the local Department of Nuclear Medicme, will lecture in Beijing this fall. �------------------------------------------------- Medical School News-ween radioactive iodide and 1231 HIPDM. They will also study neutral lipid-soluble compounds labeled with Technetium-99 and Technetium-99m. 1231 HIPDM is an agent developed by Drs. Blau and Kung three years ago which promises in clinical trials to be a less expensive and more clinically practical alternative to other radiopharmaceuticals used to study brain function. Approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Adminstration as a clinically experimental agent, 1231 HIPDM has been patented by SUNY and licensed by Benedict Nuclear, Golden, Colorado. The agent has been undergoing clinical trials at Buffalo Veterans Adminsitration Medical Center, Duke University, the University of Cincinnati, the University of Indiana, and Northwestern University. Earlier clinical trials were also conducted at Harvard. B The agreement, says Dr. Kun~, p_rov!des a ui?-ique C?Pportunity for sharing research and soenti~c mfo_rmatwn wh1ch may lead to improved a~ents or tec~mques m t~e field of nuclear medicine which will benefit patients worldw1de. Funds to support the joint program are provided by the Department of uclear Medicine and the government of The People's Republic of China for their re~pective faculty. . As a direct outgrowth of th1s program, agents wh1ch may have potential as diagnostic brain imaging, tools h_ave been developed by Drs. Blau and Kung ':lnd BNU s chemistry ~ro­ fessor Xue-Bin Wang; results ofthe1r work have been published in the Chinese journal of Nuclear M~dicine. . During the agre~ment, c?llaborative research to_1mprove perfusion imaging w1ll study Isotope exchange reactwns bet- ut even as new imaging agents for the future are being developed by the Department's researchers, the Central Radiopharmacy located on UB's Main Street Campus in Acheson Hall daily produces and supplies radioisotopes used in diagnostic procedures to local hospitals and clinics. Dr. Robert Ackerhalt, director of the facility, notes that the Central Radiopharmacy was the first of its type to be established in the world and continues as one of the largest. The advantages of having a local facility such as the one in Acheson Hall are readily appreciated by physicians and hospitals which utilize its services. It allows materials used in nuclear medicine and which have a short half-life to be readily available and very cost effective. Each day before 5 a.m ., the two technologists at the Radiopharmacy begin preparing the radiopharmaceuticals ordered for that day by the participating hospitals. By 9 a.m ., the facility's four part-time drivers will have delivered the products to the hospitals' doors. Injected into patients or administered orally, the radioactive diagnostic drugs, when viewed with a special scanner, or gamma camera can reveal to the physician tumors and other diagnoses which would otherwise not be visible. Dr. Ackerhalt, who holds an undergraduate degree in pharmacy and a Ph.D. in chemistry, says that while certain safety precautions must be taken in dealing with the low-level radiation products, they are not of a nature which should instill fear in either physicians, hospital employees, or patients. "It should be noted;' he says, that "many procedures are more dangerous to patients than those employed in nuclear medicine." While today there are departments of nuclear medicine in most larger hospitals, Dr. Prezio predicts this may be changing before the end of the century. "The technologies which are developing so quickly in all areas of medicine and which allow physicians to 'see' indirectly into the body for diagnostic purposes may eventually merge;' he predicts. The resulting departments at medical schools as well as in larger hospitals - may bear the name "Department of Imaging Services;' incorporating state-of-theart technology in radiology and nuclear medicine, as well as techniques of ultrasound and uclear Magnetic Resonance devices. "Even the resident teaching programs will probably be combined as we approach the end of the century, allowing all imaging techniques to be taught as a single discipline rather than fragmented as they are today;' Dr. Prezio adds. Whatever the course imaging takes in the future, however, nuclear_ medicine will be one of its most important components as physiCians continue to seek new and better ways to diagnose disease. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 23 �The year's best Students pick top profs T his time it was the medical students' turn to choose who would receive awards. They selected the Medical School's "Teachers of the Year;' announced at the May 30 Annual Faculty Meeting. There are almost 2400 faculty members in the School of Medicine. The 8th Annual Dr. Louis A. and Ruth Siegel 1984 Teaching Awards were given to four UB faculty members: • Dr. Murray J. Ettinger, associate professor of biochemistry (The PreClinical Award). • Dr. James M. Hassett, assistant professor of surgery and biophysical science (Clinical Award). • Dr. Raymond G. Schiferle, clinical assistant professor of family medicine (Volunteer Award). • Dr. Judith Anderson, former clinical assistant instructor in pediatrics, now with the ew York City Health Department (Buffalo House Staff Award). The awards are designed to recognize and give evidence of the importance of superior teaching in the clinical and preclinical years and to provide encouragement and incentive for teaching excellence. The Excellence in Teaching awards are chosen through student nominations which are in turn reviewed by an Awards Committee comprised of representatives of all four medical school classes. Students nominate individuals and also are asked to describe the merits and attributes of nominees. Teaching skills, an ability to stimulate thinking and develop understanding, demonstrating sensitivity toward the human condition, and providing a role model for students are the characteristics that receive serious consideration. The Awards Committee reviews and makes its decision based on the number of nominations and the quality of written statements. When asked about the award, Dr. Hass~tt replied, "I am fulfilling all my dreams doing what I am doing now my own practice, teaching and research. It is truly an honor for me to be rewarded by the students as being an excellent teacher. Receiving an award directly from the students is extremely gratifying - it's a thrill, like winning an Oscar." The awardees agreed that certain common ingredients are essential to be a good teacher. Dr. Anderson stated that "commitment, concern and care for the 24 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN medical student is crucial;' while Dr. Hassett added that, "a teacher must have enough interest in the student to advise him or her to make the best career choice. An effective teacher of medicine should be broadly trained, not restricted to knowledge of one speciality, as so many are, says Dr. Ettinger. He feels that the sharing of knowledge with doctors in other fields contributes to this broadening experience. "Interaction with clinical doctors who utilize basic biochemical concepts daily tempers my teaching experience;' he stresses. Recognizing the role that a teacher plays in assisting the maturation of the student, Dr. Anderson remarked, "I approach the student with the attitude that 'I have passed your way before and am willing to "walk" with you till you get on your feet.' " Dr. Hassett agreed, saying "The teacher must help the student to make the transition from a smart, interested and enthusiastic person into a finite doer, who is able to use the available facilities and make decisions." While Dr. Hassett stated that "students must remember that education can be traumatic and tumultuous, productivity is often the result of such turmoil," Dr. Anderson added that effective teachers should also "try to make learning fun.'' The founder of the teaching awards is Dr. Louis A. Siegel, who received his M.D. from UB in 1923. An assistant professor in Ob-Gyn for 21 years, he was said to have been a dedicated clinical teacher, uniquely able to inspire both medical students and house officers with enthusiasm and the spirit of inquiry. In spite of increasingly severe physical handicaps due to rheumatoid arthritis, he maintained an active role as a professor. He left UB for health reasons in 1946. In 1977, Dr. Siegel endowed the Siegel Awards to the UB Medical School. He died january 31, 1981, in Los Angeles. • Faculty honors Guthrie, 7 others cited E ight UB Medical School faculty discovered they were recipients of awards at this year's Annual Faculty Meeting, May 30, 1984. The meeting held at the end of each academic year reviews the major faculty and Medical School developments that occurred during the preceding 12 months. ui 0 ~ 0 cii ~ I a. The rectptent of this year's major honor, the Stockton Kimball Award, is Dr. Robert Guthrie, professor of microbiology and pediatrics. A veteran of 26 years at UB, Guthrie is internationally recognized as the person who, in 1961, devised the PKU test, now called the "Guthrie" test, that screens children prone to phenylketonuria. His distinguished activities in research continue, as well as his efforts to pass bills in the State legislature that will mandate lead poisoning screening for all children and also establish an interagency commission to conduct and monitor statewide prevention efforts. Guthrie is the 20th person to receive the Stockton Kimball Award, which recognizes outstanding contributions to teaching, research and services. The criteria require: 1) evidence of academic accomplishments; 2) acceptance and recognition as an investigator; 3) significance of research contributions; 4) evidence of relationship of contributions to presence in Buffalo; 5) contribution to UB, as well as to self-serving goals; and 6) fulfillment of excellence in all of its meaning. Dr. Guthrie's predecessors in receiv- �Medical School News- At annual tacunr meetlnfl (clockwise trom left) 1. Dr. Evan calldns receives Dean's Awanl. z. Dr. Robert warner, acceptlnfl awanl tor Dr. Robert 6uthrle. 3. lL·RJDr. Marvin Herz, Mrs. S. Mouchly Small, and Dr. Small, with poltralt of Dr. Small. 4. Dr. WOTthlnflton Schenk: flllllnfl the Stockton Kimball Lecture. 1984 Louis A. and Ruth Siegel Teaching Awards: Drs. Murray Ettinger, James Hassett, Raymond Schiferle, and Judy Anderson (see accompanying article). The last award, presented by Dr. Marvin Herz, chairman of psychiatry, went to Dr. S. Mouchly Small, professor of psychiatry. Chairman of that depart· ment for 27 years until he stepped down in 1978, he is recognized for his leader· ship in the field of mental health. The 1965 Stockton Kimball Award winner was recently elected to his fourth term as president of the national Muscular Dystrophy Association. Also recognized were the 13 School of Medicine retirees who received emeritus status, and all new faculty appoint· ments. Twelve faculty who died during the year were remembered. I ing this honor include some of UB's most prominent faculty memb~rs: Drs. Ernest Witebsky, Mitchell Rubm, Hermann Rahn, Felix Milgram, O.P. Jones, Erwin Neter Leon Farhi, Donald Rennie Franci~ Klocke, and Giuseppe Andres, among others. The Dean's Award was presented by Dr. John aughton t~ ~nother nationally prominent phys1c1a~,. Dr. Evan Calkins, professor of me~ICIJ?e a~? d. h.ead of that department's Genatnc D1v1s10n. He is the co-director and co-founder of the new Western New York Geriatric Education Center and founded the Network for Aging in Western New York. The Harvard graduate has been with UB since 1961. Dr. E. Russel Hayes, professor of anatomical sciences, received the Distinguished Service Award. ~e. is known for his talents m orgamzmg quality academic program~ and . in working with students, mcl~dmg minorities. Dr. Harold Brody, cha1rman of anatomical sciences, describes him as "a true scholar and master histochemist, histologist, and optics specialist." The student-selected Best Teachers of the UB School of Medicine received the T raditionally, the Stockton Kimball Lecture is given each year by the previous year's recipient of the Stockton Kimball Award. The 1983 recipient, Dr. Worthington ("Bud") G. Schenk, Jr., professor of surgery, described "How To Measure Blood Flow:' Dr. Schenk related the medical history that led to methods to measure blood flow. His own interest began 31 years ago while he was reconstructing a vein and implanting a valve. As he watched the patient's leg redden with its restored blood supply, he wondered if it were possible to measure blood flow. He then decided to investigate. The first attempt to do so was undertaken by a German doctor in the 1800's, who created a crude U -shaped flow measuring device. Then Michael Faraday invented an electromagnetic flowmeter, the first to measure blood flow by this method. But "the electromagnetic idea lay dormant for 70 years" before further work was pursued, Dr. Schenk explained. Colon and Wedderer again attempted to measure blood flow in 1936 using electromagnetic currents. Their ap· paratus failed "because of deposits that formed on the poles, cutting off the cur· rent;' Dr. Schenk said. Ten years later, Ben (Swifty) Den· nison and Merrill Spencer retried the idea and discovered that an alternating current led to success. Dr. Schenk then related how an M.D. with no formal electronic education was able to invent what was essentially an electrical, not a medical, device. "Dr. Dennison got his electrical education on a World War II destroyer;' Schenk commented. "Out of boredom, he decided to read two electronics texts." Dr. Schenk heard about Dennison and Spencer's successful but crude device and sought to obtain a duplicate apparatus. "But the problem was, how do you duplicate a device that has no schematic or recorded dimensions?" he wondered. He went on, "In their church were two electrical engineers who agreed to figure it out. When they completed their analysis, they drove all the way from Bowman-Gray to Buffalo with their diagrams." Schenk and his associates managed to successfully duplicate the device. "It was a very touchy device, however. When I wasn't there, it wouldn't work. It was so sensitive that we knew when the elevator BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 25 �Medical School Newswas passing our floor or when the spectrometer was operating because of its effects on the device;' Schenk reported. With the device in operation, Schenk applied it to medical resear~h_. H~ used it to study the effect of InJeCtion of chemicals on animal kidneys and tested the effects of animal cardiac damage on blood flow. Of significance, he was the first to record human hepatic blood flow. Using dogs, he induced artificial pancreatitis and learned that this disease no longer appears to be an inflammatory disease. Instead, "it appears to be an ischemic disease;' he remarked. "That means we've been on the wrong track all • this time." 0 ~------------~~-,r--------------------------------------------, ~ 5 ui 0 ~ 0 g I Q. Dean Naughton He's now a VP also A major University administrative reorganization is now in place - and with it, Dr. John Naughton has been appointed to the position of vice president for clinical affairs, in addition to his role as dean of the School of Medicine. Naughton had served as interim vice president for health ciences for 10 months after Dr. F. Carter Pannill resigned from that post. Also part of the reorganization is the creation of the new position of University provost. Dr. Steven Sample, UB president, selected William R. Greiner to be the provost who is now the University's chief academic officer. Greiner, a 49-year old professor of law, had served since December, 1983, as UB's interim vice president for academic affairs. The appointments mark a major restructuring of the University in which all academic divisions, both the health sciences and the academic departments, will report directly to a single chief academic officer. In Dr. aughton's new role as a vice president, he will be responsible for all the University's clinical relationships, including those with the affiliated and other area hospitals. As dean, he will report to Provo t Greiner on academic matters; as vice president, he will report to President Sample on clinical matters. Dr. aughton will oversee clinical relationships not just within the Medical School but within other professional schools as well. These include the schools of Dentistry, Pharmacy, ursing, and Health Related Professions. "The reorganization means there will be one voice for the Medical School regarding hospital affairs;' the new vice president for clinical affairs stated. "It unites, for the first time the clinical side and the basic science side 'of the School, as well as the hospital 26 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. John NaulllltDn Is llf1W vice lftSident tot clinical attaiTS In adlllrlon ru IJeiiJf dean ~ rile St:hool ~ Medicine. boards and committees." Dr. aughton described another important change. "There will now be a direct interaction with Dr. Sample. It as ures a most effective relationship between the President and the University's clinical affairs - the President will not be a third party in the e matters." The change will assure smooth administration in other areas as well, Dean Naughton said. Faculty development programs, approvals, promotions, and the like will remain in one office, rather than having to pass through two offices. Some of the clinical roles of the other health science schools include the dental clinic, the Pharm.D. program, and the developing graduate education and research programs in the chools of Nursing and Health Related Professions. Dr. aughton will be assisted by Dr. Donald Larson, the new associate vice president for clinical affairs. Larson will oversee the Office of Clinical Affairs, which will administer matters dealing with the Graduate Medical/Dental Education Consortium, the medical and dental clinical practice plans, continuing medical education programs, the house staff association and coordination with other health science school deans. Dr. Larson is also a professor of biology and has been with UB since 1973. In an unrelated move, the School of Medicine has announced a new assistant dean for fiscal affairs. Anthony Campanella has been appointed to that position to replace Bernice Fiedler, who retired after seven years as assistant dean and 14 years at UB. Mr. Campanella previously served as the University's director of payroll for six years. He has worked at the University for 16 years. As the Medical School's chief fiscal officer, he will be responsible for the School's budget and salaries, as well as for processing of appointments. Regardless of the changes, Dr. aughton assured that "we will continue working to evolve a quality medical school and a strong health science program and to ensure that work initiated over the past few years to develop a cooperative effort among our programs will continue." • �Hospital News Major ACS grant Goes to Roswell Park T he American Cancer Society/Ann F. 1eehan Special Institutional Grant for Cancer Cause and Pre\'ention Research has been awarded to Roswell Park Memorial Institute, the , ew York State Department of Health's comprehensive cancer center m Buffalo. The fi\'e-year, 500,000 ~rant, being funded primarily through the bequest to the American Cancer Society (ACS) from the estate of Ann F. Meehan, will fund epidemiologic studies on cancer cause and pre\·ention. The studies "ill be conducted by Dt-. Curtis Mettlin. director of Cancer Control & Epidemiology at Roswell. . The research project will establish a program for the systematic collection of information from cancer patients admttted to the Institute and from healthy controls examined in its Cancer Pre,cntion-Detection Center. According to Dr. .:\Iettlin. who will conduct the studies. ''The informauon collected will allow us to re\'iew the life styles dietary and >moking habits, etc. -of a large number of cancer patients and people who don't ha,·e cancer. O\'Cr a fi,c-year period. By comparing this information. in.~ ca>e-control studv we will be able to test ddfcrent hypothes~; on the possible roles of cn,ironmental, dietary, occupational. familial. and other lactors in either causing or helpin~ to prewnt cancer at \'arious sites." The ACS estimates that the cause of approximately 80 per cent of all cancers is somehow related to one or more of these lifestyle factors. The t·esults of the Roswell Park study may be important in helping to focus on the relati,·c t·isk associated with each factor and identify those factors possibly protective against cancer. "Data gathered will be useful in developing guidelines for modtfication and educational programs for the public awareness of the life-style factors that may be important m cancer tause and prevention:' said Dr. Mettlin. • will be able to obtain better prices for services and supplies. v\'e will now ha\'e 887 beds with an annual operating budget of approximate!; 75 million. It will give us a better base on which to negotiate with vendors ... and to compete with other institutions." Expenses will be reduced by centralizing data processing and credit collection, and by coordinating laboratory services. Mr. Weber points out it will also enable the three hospitals to better serve the needs and expectations of their patients and the community. Mercy Hospital of Buffalo, incidentally. is celebrating its 80th anni,·ersary this year. • Mercy System Hospitals join forces Arbesman Lab r. Mary Annunciata. superior general of the Sisters of Mercy of the Buffalo Diocese, recently announced that Mercy Hospital of Buffalo, Kenmore Mercy Hospital, and St. Jerome's Hospital of BataYia, along with the Sisters of Mercy, ha\'C joined together to form the .:\1 crcy Health System of \.Vestern New York. A formal affiliation, not a mer~er, it is "a multi-hospital system established to enhance the working relationship between all three area Mercy hospitals," states Mr. Thomas \\Ieber. new acting coordinator of the system. The new system was formed to pro\'ide greater financial stability. "By working to~ether through a multi-hospital system, we Late allergist honored he allergy research laboratory at Buffalo General Hospital has been named in memory of Dr. Carl E. Arbesman, internationally known allergist who founded it in 1945. Dr. Arbesman, regarded as one of the founding fathers of allergy research and diagnostic techniques, died in 1982. A 1935 graduate of the UB Medical School, he served on the staff of Buffalo General for more than 40 years. A clinical professor of microbiology before he retired, he was on the Medical School • faculty for 41 years. At dedication of Allerw llesean:h Lab to tile late Dr. cart E. Alflesman ll·RJ: Dr. Elliott Middleton: David AlfleSman, Dr. AlfJesman's son: Dr. Robert E. Reisman, and Dr. Michael f. Noe. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �GERALD SUFRIN, M.D. , HAS BEEN HONORED by being elected to the prestigious American Association of Genito-Urinary Surgeons. He is professor and chairman of UB's Department of Urology. Election to the association represents the highest form of peer and professional recognition that a urologic surgeon can attain. Membership is highly selective, being based on an individual's distinguished accomplishments in the field of urology, especially genito-urinary surgery and study and treatment of urological disorders. There arc only 75 active members. Dr. Sufrin also has been elected to the Research Committee of the American Urological Association, which develops long range planning for urological research. On the faculty of UB's School of Medicine for over three years, Dr. Sufrin is director of urology at Buffalo General Hospital. He was previously a research scientist at Roswell Park Memorial Institute and professor at Washington University School of Medicine. After earning his medical degree in 1966 from Upstate Medical Center, he completed his residency at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Dr. Sufrin is well known for his research in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the kidney, bladder and prostate, especially renal adenocarcinoma and bladder cancer. A member of the American Urological Association, the American Association for Cancer Research and New York Academy of Sciences, he is also on the Board of Trustees of the Foundation of Buffalo General Hospital. In addition, he is a member of Alpha Omega Alpha, the medical honor societv. Th~ American Association of GenitoUrinary Surgeons was founded in 1886 for the purpose of promoting the study of diseases of the genito-urinar·y organs. Among the or-iginal founding members was the noted Buffalo surgeon Dr. Roswell Park. The objecti\Cs of the association are implemented at its scientific meetings where in the past results of many fundamental advances in the diagnosis and treatmenr of genito-urinary disorders ha\-c been presented for the first • time. DR. CARLOS E. PALANT, RESEARCH ASSOciate professor of medicine, is one of 12 medical researchers in the United States named a Charles E. Culpepper Foundation Fellow. He is the first UB researcher to be named a fellow of the Foundation. He will receive $25,000 to allow him to continue specialized research in kidney disease. • DR. CAREL J. VAN OSS, PROFESSOR OF MIcrobiology, was recently appointed to three administrative positions: The LaMer Award Committee of the American Chemical Society, the Advisory Board of the journal of Col28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN loid and Interface Science, and the editorial board of the journal of Protein Chemistry. • DR. DONALD P. SHEDD, RESEARCH PROFESsor of surgery and chief of Roswell Park's Department of Head and Neck Surgery Oncology, was guest lecturer at the U nivcrsity of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa, dur·ing September. Dr. Shedd presented lectures on the diagnosis and treatment of tongue and larynx carcinomas. • CHARLES V. PAGANELLI, PH.D., PROFESSOR and associate chairman of physiology, has been appointed chairman of the University's President's Review Board (PRB) by P resid ent Steven B. Sample. The PRB is responsible for advising the president on decisions regarding appointment, promotion and tenure of UB faculty. A member of the faculty since 1958, Paganelli has served as associate and acting chairman of the Department of Physiology and also as director of graduate studies in that department. President Sample described Dr. Paganelli on his appointment, saying "He has an outstanding record as a scholar, and his distinguished academic career includes visiting professorships and ... numerous research projects:' He most recently served as a member of the Honors Council for the Presidential Scholars Honors Program. • DR. VICTORINO ANLLO, CLINICAL ASSISTANT professor of urology, has been elected president of the Erie County Medical Society for the period June 1984 to June 1985. He succeeds D r. J ames P hillips, clinical professor of medicine. Anllo is an attending urologist at Erie County Medical Center, Kenmore Mercy, and DeGraff Memorial hospitals. A graduate of the University of Madrid School in Spain, Dr. Anllo did postgraduate work at UB's School of Medicine in 1960. He has previously served as president of the Buffalo Urological Society and of the medical staff at DeGraff Memorial Hospital. D r. Leo E. Manning, clinical assistant professor of medicine, will serve as presidentelect; Dr. Allen L . Lesswing, clinical assistant professor of orthopaedics, is the new vice president; and D r. Nancy H . Nielsen, clinical assistant professor of medicine and microbiology, is the new secretary-treasurer. • DR. PHILIP K. Ll, RESEARCH ASSISTANT PROfessor of pediatrics and clinical assistant professor of pathology at Children's Hospital, has been asked to serve on the Research Committee of the New York Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association. This committee will evaluate statewide projects and recommend funding priorities. Dr. Li is director of clinical chemistry at Children's Hospital. • Dr. Vlctlllfno Anllo: president of Etfe Countr Medical Socletr. DR. MAREK ZALESKI, PROFESSOR OF MICRObiology, was recognized June 2 by a former U.S. Ambassador to Poland for his role in translating the "Bible of Solidarity" to English. R ichard Townsend Davis, who served as ambassador from 1973 to 1978, introduced the English translation of "The Spirit of Solidarity;' recently published by Harper & Row. The 128-page book, which is censored in Poland, contains 23 sermons and essays by Rev. Josef Tischner, the Polish priest and philosopher whose words have fueled and sustained the spirit of the Solidarity movement. Money received for the book will be donated to Editions Spotkania, the Polish emigre publishing house in Paris. • DR. JOHN LORE, PROFESSOR AND CHAIRMAN of otolaryngology, was a guest speaker at the April 14 to 17, 1984, ORL/Head and Neck 2nd Asian Congress at Genting Highlands, Malaysia. He spoke on several subjects including voice rehabilitation after laryngectomy; head and neck cancer - management policy; thyroid surgery and reconstruction following pharyngolaryngectomy. • ERIE COUNTY -MEDICAL CENTER'S 63RD Annual Graduation Ceremonies for house staff residents honored two UB faculty members on June 1, 1984. D r. G erald Logu e, professor of medicine �Peopleand attending hematologist, received the Outstanding Teacher of the Year Award. This award is chosen by internal medicine house officers at the Medical Center. D r. James Corasanti, clinical assistant instructor in medicine, received the orman Chassin Award as outstanding house officer. He is a resident with ECMC's Department • of Internal Medicine. DR. CARL GRANGER, PROFESSOR OF REHABI· litation medicine, attended the 9th International Congress of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in Jerusalem recently. Revolutionary new approaches to the problems of the victims of war, road accidents, stroke, and heart disease were discussed. He is also head of Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Rehabilitation Medicine. • DR. NEIL DASHKOFF, CLINICAL ASSISTANT professor of medicine since 1975, has been named director of the Coronary Care Unit at Sisters of Charity Hospital. A member of DR. JOSEPH PREZIO, CLINICAL PROFESSOR and chairman of nuclear medicine, has been appointed as representative from the 8th District Branch to the aminating Committee of the Medical Society of the State of New York. • DR. THOMAS J. GUTIUSO, THE MEDICAL School's director of medical admissions and clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology, was named director of Erie County Medical Center's Department of Ophthalmology. • DR. JOHN E. FISHER, CLINICAL ASSOCIATE professor of pathology, is the new president of the Western New York Society of Pathologists. He is also a clinical assistant professor of pediatrics at Children's Hospital. • DR. VENKATARAMAN BALU, ASSISTANT PROfessor of medicine, was recently elected a Fellow of the American College of Physicians. He is a cardiologist at Veterans Administration Medical Center. • DR. MAGGIE WRIGHT, ASSISTANT DEAN FOR 9 th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHYSICAl MEDICINE ~ REHABiliTATION JERUSALEM ISRAEL MAI13·'8 1984 O')Wn' student affairs in the Medical School's Office of Medical Education, was elected cochairperson of the Minority Affairs Section of the AAMC Northeast Group on Student Affairs at a conference held in Baltimore, April 27. She will coordinate programs and evaluations of minority students interested in medicine in the Northeast, as well as faculty development. She is adjunct professor in UB's Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology. She received her Ph.D. from that department in 1981. Dr. Wright is also chairperson of UB's Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action panel, on the board of directors of the following organizations: Crippled Children Guild of Buffalo and Erie County; Peoples, Inc.; Child and Adolescence Psychiatric Clinic, Inc.; and AACP-ACT-SO. • tion, held at the Buffalo Marriott Hotel. Dr. Manning has had various papers on neurologic disorders published and is a member of the American Society of Neuroimaging. • DR. EDWIN H. JENIS, CLINICAL PROFESSOR OF pathology, was elected to a five-year term on the Board of Directors of Blue Shield of Western ew York, Inc., on March 28. Dr. Jenis is chairman of pathology at Millard Fillmore Hospital, and consultant in renal pathology at Georgetown Universitv School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. H~ is certified by the ational Board of Medical Examiners and the Board of Anatomic and Clinical Pathology. • DR. EHSAN AFSHANI, CLINICAL ASSOCIATE professor of radiology and pediatrics at Children's Hospital, was recently elected president of the Buffalo Radiological Society. This 100-member organization represents all • radiologists in Western New York. DR. CEDRIC SMITH , PROFESSOR OF PHARMA· cology and therapeutics, presented "Susceptibility to Hangovers in the General Population and in Alcoholics" at the 1984 ational Alcoholism Forum Celebrating Prevention. Held in April 1984 in Detroit, it also celebrated the 40th anniversary of the National Council on Alcoholism. • DR. DONALD RENNIE , VICE PRESIDENT FOR Dt. can Branger (center} wttll Ill. Joshua ChaCO (lett} and Dr. Alex Magora (1111htJ, bOth rl HadaSSah unlversltr HOSPital, Jerusalem, at conference In Israel. Sisters' medical staff since October 1980, he serves as chairman of the Research Committee of the Western New York Chapter of the American Heart Association and is the past president of the Western New York Cardiovascular Society. Dr. Dashkoff is a graduate of, ew York University Medical School and received his cardiac training at johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Md. • research and professor of physiology, has been selected to participate in SUNY's Faculty Exchange Scholars Program for the 1984 through 1987 academic years. The purpose of the program is to allow institutions throughout SUNY to profit from lectures and other interactions with well-established authorities in various fields. Visits by exchange scholars to other SUNY campuses normally are two to three days in duration. • DR. EDWIN J. MANNING, CLINICAL ASSOCIATE professor of anatomical sciences and neurologist at the Dent Neurologic Institute of Millard Fillmore Hospital, was recently selected to address the local American Association of Medical Assistants at their 25th Annual Convention. Dr. Manning lectured on Alzheimer's Disease at the conven- Dr. lllnald Rennie BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 29 �The late Dr. Alfhur J. Ctamer lllflhtJ with Ewald lllschar, a paUent trom tour rtecartes ago. A special kind of reunion Doctor helped patient again - W hen Ewald Rischar spotted the profile of Dr. Arthur]. Cramer in his Williamsville home, it was more than the typical World War II reunion of American doctor and German patient. Dr. Cramer is a retired UB faculty member. The meeting holds the key to what Mr. Rischar hopes will be a better life if the American doctor can provide proof that he saved the German's life 39 years ago with a shot of penicillin to treat a kidney injury. The injury has plagued Mr. Ri char since an American bombing during the war left him pinned under an iron water pipe. He has been in and out of hospitals, unable to work steadily, since the pipe fell on him. But Mr. Rischar said he has been able to collect no more than 30 per cent compensation from the German 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN after 40 years By Rod Watson government for his kidney treatments because they want him to prove the ill~ ness is linked to the wartime blast. That led Mr. Rischar, 56, and married with three sons, on a lifelong search to find a doctor a continent away whose name he did not even know. Physicians at home warned him it would be a hopeless endeavor, and other Germans he asked for assistance did not seem to understand the urgency of Mr. Rischar's mission. Finally, a U.S. Air Force general stationed in his home town of Rum sen, West Germany, helped Mr. R1schar place an ad in 1973 in the journal of the American Medical Association. The ad began "Were you there in '45?" and went on to describe the circumstances in which a 16-year-old German youth was pulled from death's door by an American physician. An Army captain with the 132nd Evacuation Hospital from 1938 to 1946, Dr. Cramer later returned to his native Buffalo to set up practice on Colvin Avenue and direct the pediatrics ward at Kenmore Mercy Hospital. He served on UB Medical School's faculty from 1948 to 1978. After 42 years of medicine, he retired in 1969 after suffering a stroke. In and out of the hospital himself, Dr. Cramer, now 75 , saw the ad while sitting in a wheelchair in Kenmore Mercy in 1973. However, he was too sick at the time to pursue it, even though he was sure he was the doctor being sought. He clipped the ad for future reference, but didn't uncover it until December 1982. After writing to the AMA in January 1983 and getting no response, Dr. Cramer wrote directly to Mr. Rischar last fall. Still, he didn't expect his former patient to show up so soon. Mr. Rischar borrowed money from his sister to make the trip and arrived in New York months later. After the German Embassy there refused to help and he couldn't locate friends he knew, he hopped a bus to Buffalo. The Cramers got a surprise phone �People- Dr. Elliott Middleton call from a stranger in the bus station, asking them if they knew an Ewald Rischar, and Dr. Cramer's son went down to rescue him. When Mr. R ischar walked in the house and caught a glimpse of Dr. Cramer's profile in another room, he immediately knew it was the same one he'd seen four decades ago, as he looked up from his sick bed. Dr. Cramer remembered him as a youth in shock with heavy perspiration, labored breathing and a chest filled with congestion. He gave the youthful Mr. Rischar a shot of penicillin, which was relatively rare at the time, and some sulfa pills he smuggled out of the hospital against orders barring "fraternization" with the Germans. "I went back the next day, because I didn't expect that he'd still be alive:' said Dr. Cramer. "The next day he was a different child entirely .... I was amazed at how promptly he responded, because I was pretty sure he wouldn't be alive!' "He got me my life back:' said Mr. Rischar, in broken English. Now he hopes a notarized letter from Dr. Cramer to German officials will be a second lifesaver and earn him reimbursement for the kidney treatments he • needs. (Repr~nted w1th perm1ss1on from the Buffalo News, where Mr. Watson is a writer.) POSTSCRIPT: Just before the printing of this issue, Dr. Cramer died , one month after his meeting with Mr. Rischar. His obituary is at the end of this issue. Before Dr. Cramer died, he did manage to send the notarized letter to Mr. Rischar in Germany, who reports that th ings are proceeding well. Dr. Bertram A. Portln Dr. Robert E. Reisman 'Best Doctors' Several from UB on list he best medical specialists in the U.S. include seven State University at Buffalo physicians, according to an updated list of the best American doctors in the May and June issues of Town and Country magazine. The 1984 update lists 1500 physicians, grouped according to two dozen or so medical specialties. The list was compiled by author John Pekkanen, who wrote the book The Best Doctors in the US. in 1978. Mr. Pekkanen went to the doctors themselves to ask: "To whom would you turn in case of your own illness?" For this 1984 update, he queried more than 300 physicians by phone, personal interview, and questionnaire. The doctors were polled only for those in their same specialty. To be judged by their peers to be superior doctors, physicians had to be selected multiple times by fellow specialists. Criteria included both the physician's research reputation and skills as a clinical doctor. The first updated list, which appeared in 1981, identified 10 other UB physicians among 3000 as the best in their specialities. Because the current list updates only a portion of the various medical specialties, the 1981 list remains the most up-to-date directory of the best medical specialists in the other fie lds. The updated lists added names of young physicians who had established themselves, and deleted those who had retired or who had requested to have their names taken off. The directory makes it clear that it does not and cannot list every outstanding physician in the country. There are literally thousands of superior doctors who do not appear on the list because they have not received the national attention and exposure that would make them widely known to other physicians. Listed in the Town and Country update are: • • • • • • • Dr. Elliott Middleton Jr., professor of medicine and pediatrics/allergy and immunology; Buffalo General and Children's. Dr. Robert E. Reisman, (M'56), clinical professor of medicine and pediatrics/allergy and immunology; Buffalo General. Dr. Bertram A. Portin, (M'53), clinical professor of surgery and chief of colon and rectal surgery; BGH, Sisters and St. Francis. Dr. Eugene R. Mindell, professor and chairman of orthopaedic surgery; ECMC. Dr. Richard Cooper, associate clinical professor of medicine with a special interest in breast cancer; Buffalo General. Dr. Edward Henderson, research professor of medicine with a special interest in leukemia; Roswell Park. Dr. M. Steven Piver, clinical professor of gynecology and a gynecological cancer surgeon; Roswell Park. Included in the 1981 edition in specialties not upd~tted for Town and Country are: • Dr. Irwin Friedman, clinical associate professor of medicine/general internist; Buffalo General. • Dr. Robin Bannerman, professor of medicine and pediatrics/medical genetics; Children's and BGH. • Dr. Jack Lippes, professor of gynecology/obstetrics; ECMC. • Dr. Robert Patterson (M'50), clinical associate professor of gynecology/obstetrics; Children's Hospital. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �Dr. Eugene Mtndell Dr. Edwarrl Henderson Dr. Steven Piver Dr. Margaret H. MacGillivray, professor of pediatrics/pediatric endocrinology; Children's Hospital. • Dr. Alfred R. Lenzner, associate clinical professor of medicine/juvenile diabetes mellitus; Kenmore Mercy. • Dr. Elliot F. Ellis, professor of pediatrics/pediatric allergy; Children's. • Dr. Pearay Ogra, professor of pediatrics and microbiology/pediatric infectious disease; Children's Hospital. • Dr. Jerald P. Kuhn, professor of radiology/pediatric radiology; Children's. • Dr. Arnold I. Freeman, professor of pediatrics/pediatric hematology and oncology; Roswell Park. Besides the four faculty on the list who are UB alumni, seven other alumni are in the 1984 updated directory (the 1981 list was not checked for alumni): • J. Bradley Aust (M'49), University of Texas Medical School, San Antonio, TX, professor and chairman of surgery; GI surgery. • Eugene M. Farber (M'56), Stanford Medical Center, Stanford, CA, professor and chairman of dermatology; special interest in psoriasis. • Eugene Flamm (M'62), NYU Medical Center, New York, Y, associate professor of neurosurgery; special interest in aneurysm surgery. • Richard Gacek (M'56), State University of New York, Syracuse, Y, professor and chairman of otolaryngology. • Robert J. Hall (M'48), medical director, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, clinical professor of medicine, Baylor; cardiology. • Jacob Lemann,Jr. (M'54), Medical College of W isconsin, Milwaukee, WI, professor of medicine; nephrology. • Lawrence W. Way (M'59), University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, professor of surgery; special in- terest in stomach, duodenum, pancreas, biliary. upon this by saying "Try to involve the family as much as possible. Encourage them to treat the patient as a normal person. Maintaining a good outlook is so important. The patient should be discouraged from giving up his or her job because of an illness, and encouraged not to sit in front of a TV all the time, and to do things for himself, and by himself." Keeping current in the medical advances is clearly fundamental. "You must know what is going on and which directions are paying off in cancer research," says Dr. Henderson. "Being up to date gives you the long range view on what treatments can significantly make a difference;' explains Dr. Mindel!. The Directory points out that a large proportion of outstanding doctors are associated with medical schools. Dr. Mindell sheds light on this tendency. "Being at a teaching institution and involved in clinical research stimulates myself (and my residents) in turn. Clinical research requires one to report the results of your treatment to your peers. This assures superior treatment and care, together with good documentation, a large number of cases and long followup." In summary, quality research and quality care, were both major criteria used to select physicians. Dr. Piver perhaps touched on a simple but effective approach to one's patients: "Treat every patient as you would your own family." • 32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN R eferring to his widely regarded textbook, Allergy Principles and Procedures that he coauthored with Dr. Elliot Ellis, Dr. Middleton explained that "it uniquely brought us national recognition. Other excellent M.D.'s are not known simply because they don't publish as much." If publishing widely can bring national recognition, so can belonging to national medical organizations. Dr. Portin comments, "Because I am the president of various medical organizations, I am fortunate to have received national exposure." However a doctor receives national exposure, at least in the medical community, he or she has to still be selected by fellow specialists as superior both from a research reputation and as a clinical doctor. When asked what attributes and approaches make a difference in the quality of doctors' relationships with, and care of, their patients, several of the local physicians cited came up with common themes. One essential ingredient is to "treat your patients as whole people with a particular problem," states Dr. Elliott Middleton. "It is a great responsibility to maintain a humanity in the relationship," he added. " othing is more important than to listen to your patient," Dr. Edward Henderson emphasizes. Dr. Bertram Portin agrees, saying "To really listen to what your patient is saying, you must give them time, with no rush." A complete examination is also widely agreed to be a crucial ingredient. "There's no substitute for a very thorough evaluation of the patient's complaints. One must take the time to consider all of the patient's factors," comments Dr. Eugene Mindel!. "Never lie to your patients and always give them hope for the future," Dr. Steven Piver points out. Dr. Richard Cooper expand • Bauda Award Given to Jack Coyne T he Charles Bauda Award for excellence in family medicine was awarded this May to fourth year medical student Jack Coyne. The selection committee included Dr. David Holden, chairman of the Department of Family Medicine, and Dr. Raymond Bissonette, associate professor of family medicine. • �PeopleDrinking & driving Doctor helps teens avoid danger T By Bruce S. Kershner eenage drinking may not stop ?ut ~here is now an al.ternative to the dangerous combi~atwn of tee~ age dnnking and driving. That alternatiYe has been mtroduced to the Town of Clarence, a suburb that borders Amherst, by Russell Vaughan, M.D., clinical assistant professor of pediatrics. Called Clarence Against Drunk Driving, or CADD Cab, the program provides free confidential rides home for local teenagers who have been drinking or whose "ride home" has been drinking. The town's teenagers do not have to face the dilemma of being stranded at a party or going home in a car piloted by an intoxicated friend. Operated by teenagers under the guidance of several adults, the service is available from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m. on Friday and Saturday nights year round. It was launched last January 13, 1984. One to three students are stationed at the home base, currently a Clarence church, with a telephone and a CB radio. The students take incoming phone calls, noting the location, destination and caller's first name. One adult stays at the home base to advise on any problems that arise. When a call is received, a CADD Cab, usually a family car, is dispatched. Its driver and partner, always a male/female pair, are trained in CPR and armed with a blanket, first aid equipment and CB radio. The car picks up the passenger, transports him or her home and returns to the home base. The "cab's" partner also takes care of the passenger's needs. Dr. Vaughan, the father of three daugh~ers, learned abo~t a similar program last summer at a medical conference m Florida. When he returned, he inquired about other programs and met with Clarence High School parents, officials and students . .Fr~m there, it took off as a community project. An enthusiastic group of about 40 high school students met with Dr. Vaughan. and other adults to iron out the ground rules. Clare~ce High School handled the publicity while the Chem1cal People, an umbrella organization that deals with drug abu~e, do~ated money. The local Boy Scout Explorer Post affiliated Itself to offer both accident and liability msurance. All Clarence High School students are given cards listing th.e J?hone number. of the program. However, arry teenag~r withm the school distnct boundaries can call for a free and confidential ride home. Dr. Vaughan notes that "even those students who are resistant to the idea still keep the cards." Pointi~g to .two recent fatal crashes involving suspected drunken dnvers m Clarence and Niagara Falls, Dr. Vaughan t~ld the Buf!alo News, "Our progran: is designed to prevent the km~ of a~ndent we've seen involving drinking teenage drivers. Were trymg to prevent that by offering those kids another way home." . T~e idea for such a program was conceived April 1981 m Danen, Connecticut, after a citizen committee met to explore the dr':g .and alcohol abuse problem among Darien's teenag~rs. ~Ithm the next eight months, two Darien teenagers were killed m drunk driving accidents. After that, seYeral ~tud~~ts ,approached a principal, Donald Robbins, saymg, We ve got to do somethmg. A student questionnaire showed that 550 students favored the idea of a telephone hotlme for students to call if they needed a safe ride home; pr. Pedlatlfclan IIDIJett vaughan wltll rount llilrlent; Ire's concemed abOUt teenagers. roo. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �Peopleonly 30 opposed it. Most importantly, 55 volunteered to be at the safe end of the line. Several meetings later, the afc Rides Program went into effect in April 1982. T he Safe Rides pmgram quickly became established in every town in the county and elsewhere in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Virginia, Maryland and North Camlina, over 90 programs in all. Says Mrs. Jane Hanley, adult advisor of the Darien program, "There is barely a day that goes by that I don't receive a request for information about the program." Much of the secret of the program's success is its confidentiality, and also its operation by teenagers themselves. Dr. Vaughan's investigations conv inced him that it worked best if teenage volunteers were the drivers. "It doesn't make sense to use adu lts. Kids are afraid adults will give them a lecture or be good friends of their parents;' he said in an interview. Research showed that when adults do the driving, 90 per cent of the calls arc from passengers and only 10 per cent from drinking teenagers. When teenagers pick up their peers, that ratio becomes 50-50. C larence students agree that the program's confidentiality makes it credible. Furthermore, the volunteers do not judge people who drink. They just want to get drunks off the road and make the roads safe for innocent drivers. Dr. Vaughan stresses that the pmgram benefits more than just that person who needs the ride home. The volunteers get '~hh involved in a community service project at an early age, they learn adult responsibilities and they learn how they can make a difference in the world. Perhaps the most gratifying results so far have been changes in the students themselves. "My volunteers report hearing conversations at parties and gatherings that indicate the students are looking at drinking and driving differently. Their attitudes appear to be changing, whether they use us or not;' Dr. Vaughan commented. Mrs. Hanley said, ''I've heard older people say that Safe Rides might, in effect, be encouraging kids to drink more. But that's not the way I hear it from Darien youngsters. With the existence of Safe Rides, it's becoming very 'in' for kids to take car keys away from their friends instead of letting them go barrelling off drunk down the road. It's not that kids are drinking less. But at least they have an alternative way to get home." She continued, "In Darien, there has been a definite change in attitude among teenagers about the acceptability of getting into a car with a drunk driver. They're aware that this is stupid." Dr. Vaughan's aim is to have the program established throughout all of Eric County. "I'm happy to say that school districts in Amherst, Springville and Grand Island are now organizing their own programs," the UB pediatrician remarked. "And I've had inquiries from the communities of Alden, Tonawanda, Lockport and Williamsville it's really encouraging." • ... What's Up, Doc?" UB pediatrician is featured in magazine cover story DR. BERNARD EISENBERG , CLINICAL ASSOciate professor of pediatrics and social and preventive medicine, wa the cover story of the Buffalo News Sunday Buffalo Magazine. The Children's Hospital physician was featured May 13, 1984 in "Ahh ... What's Up Doc? - A Day With A Pediatrician."• 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �AlumniDues-paying alumni 1,008 graduates on roll for 1984 A special thanks to the 1,008 duespaying medical alumni listed here. And to the nine reunion classes- 1934, 1939, 1944, 1949, 1954, 1959, 1964, 1969, 1974- who contributed $47,180 to the Medical School. 1934 J. Edwin Alford John V. Anderson John M. Constantine Alfred L. George J. Rothery Haight Michael D. Kraska Harry G. LaForge Nicholas Linderman Charles E. May John D. O'Connor Adolline Preisinger Earle G. Ridall W.G. Rocktaschel Myron G. Rosenbaum Maria N. Sarno Edgar A. Slotkin Joseph S. Tumiel Max B. Weiner Stanley J. Zambron 1937 1935 Wendell R. Ames John F. Argue Willard H. Bernhoft Russell F. Brace Raymond H. Bunshaw Benjamin Coleman Kenneth H. Eckhert Maurice B. Furlong James H. Gray Victor B. Lampka James Mark Bennie Mecklin Charles E. Moran Abner J. Moss Clayton G. Weig Kenneth M. Alford John Ambrusko William L. Ball Charles F. Banas Francis E. Ehret Theodore C. Flemming Soli Goodman Stanley J. Jackson George F. Koepf Angelo Lapi Rose M. Lenahan Robert v\'. Lipsett Alice Challen Lograsso James D. Maccallum M. Luther Musselman I rving Weiner David H . We intraub William F. White CLASS 1934 (AbiWeJ J. Edwin Alton/ OettJ and Hany 6. LaForge present reunion lift. (Below} FIRST ROW (seated}: Samuel R. Patti, Max B. Weiner, Edgar A. Slotkln, J. Edwin Alton/. SECOND ROW (seated}: John v. Anderson, William 6. IIDcktaschel, Marfa Naples samo, Rarmond R. Merers. Aldomne Preis· Inter, Hany 6. LaForge, Louis J. Schmm. THIRD ROW (standing}: Nicholas Linderman, Ealfe 6. Rldall, Henry J. Wiser, John M. Constantine, Clrrfstr casttglla, Joseph R. Saab, J. Rotllery Haltht, Joseph S. JIJmlel, Hany Bellman, Michael D. Kraska, Stanler J. Zamllton, James 6. Hantty, Chalfes E. Mar. John D. O'Connor, Alfred L. George. 1938 Charles F. Becker Russell J. Catalano James R . Cole George M. Cooper C harles Donatelli Norman J. Foit C.M. Furtherer Harry C. Law Samuel L. Lieberman Alfred A. M itchell H. Robert Oehler Eustace G. Phillies Maxwell Rosenblatt Walter L. Sydoriak R ichard N. Terry 1939 1936 Marvin L. Amdur Martin A. Angelo Richard C. Batt Donald Brundage Alfred Cherry John P. Crosby Edward G. Eschner Willard G. Fischer Jerome J. Glauber Irving Helfert Frank C. Hoak Thomas F. Houston William F. Lipp Thomas C. McDonough Robert B. ewell Victor L. Pellicano Harold F. Wherley R ussell L. Battaglia Grosvenor W. Bissell LaMoyne C. Bleich George C. Brady R uth C. Burto n Alfred H . D obrak William Dugan M att A. Gajewski J ohn H . Geckler Kenneth Goldstein M a rvin M ogil J ohn Ii'. Mont roy BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 35 �- - - -- - - -~~ -- CLASS OF 1939 FIRST ROW (seated): John J. Squadrlto, SeotJe C. lll'adr. Ellzabetll P. Olmsted, Everett H. WUp, Frank T. Rlforglato. SECOND ROW (standing): Alfred H. Ooblalc, John H. Beckler, William o. Dugan, Antllonr V. l'ostolott, John Montn1J, Roy E. Seibel, John H. Remington, Kennetll Goldstein. John J. O'Brien Allen A. Pierce John T. Pitkin Philip B. Wels Floyd M. Zaepfel Elizabeth P. Olmsted A.V. Postoloff John H. Remington Frank T. Riforgiato Roy E. Seibel John J. Squadrito Everett H. Wesp Marvin N. Winer 942 1940 Julian J. Ascher John M. Benny Marshall Clinton Jr. Herbert H. Eccleston William Hildebrand Jr. Robert D. Hubbard Warren R. Montgomery Jr. Harold Palanker Russell E. Reitz Albert C. Rekate Norbert J. Roberts Robert H. Roehl C. Henry Severson Allan W. Siegner William 0. Umiker Stanley T. Urban John D. White Ralph T. Behling Paul K. Birtch Marvin L. Bloom Peter G. Brandetsas Salvatore J. Brucato Richard J. Buckley John M. Donohue Alfred S. Evans L. Walter Fix John P. Guinther Joseph V. Hammel Lawrence R. Hardy Richard J. Jones William S. Keenan Jr. Ruth F. Krauss Melbourne H. Lent Ronald E. Martin Georg-e Marvin Robert C. McCormick Franklin Meyer Amos J. Minkel Jr. Robert W. Moyce Kevin M. O'Gorman Walter R. Petersen Adrian J. Pleskow Col. Bradley W. Prior Charles C.B. Richards Nathan P. Segel Ralph E. Smith Jr. Burton R. Stein Winslow P. Stratemeyer Gertrude S. Swarthout James W. Taft Charles J. Tanner Jr. Edmund M. Tederous Hazel J. Trefts Louis A. Trovato Morris Unher Joseph A. Valvo John R. Williams Paul J. Wolfgruber 1944 Anthony M. Aquilina Willard H. Boardman Raymond G. Bondi Robert L. Brown Joseph P. Concannon Eileen L. Edelberg Herman Edelberg Richard W. Egan Newland W. Fountain Thomas F. Frawley Frank T. Frost Andrew A. Gage Harold P. Graser Raymond A. Hudson Sidney R. Kennedy Jr. Frank H. Long Jr. William K. Major Francis C. Marchetta John F. Mantione Casimir F. Pietraszek CLASS OF 1944 1943 1 Joseph T. Aquilina Berten C. Bean Anthony J. Cooper Robert W. Edmonds George A. Gentner Arnold Gross Donald W. Hall Eugene J. Hanavan Jr. Russell S. Kidder Jr. Harold L. Kleinman Daniel J. McCue Frederick E. Mott Albert J. Addesa Horace L. Battaglia Vincent S. Cotroneo George L. Eckhert Harrison M. Karp Diana D. Kibler Boris L. Marmolya Richard Milazzo Vincent J. Parlante John D. Persse Jr. Edward L. Schwabe Martha L. Smith William J. Staubitz Ellzabetll P. Olmsted, Everen H. Wesp (center) and George c. BradJ with 1939 class Iliff. FIRST ROW (seated): Newland w. Fountain, Wlllanl H. Boanlman, Hamid P. Graser, James F. Mohn, Eileen K. Edelbell, James R. Sullivan, Andrew A. Bate, Howanl R. Bamen, John F. Montlone. SECOND ROW (standing): Sidney R. Kennedy, Raymond A. Hudson, Frank H. LDng, t:aslmlr F. Pletraszelc, Her· man Edelbell, Thomas F. Frawley, Canol J. Shaver, Rlchanl W. Egan, Theodore C. Prentice, Rtlbert 6. Wllldnson, Clinton H. Strong, Rtlbert L. Blown, Sidney M. Schaer, Frank c. Man:hetta, William A. Potts, Antllonr M. Allulllna, Ravmond 6. Bondi. ----~~~~n-~-------, �AlumniWilliam A. Potts Joseph Ross Sidney M. Schaer Carrol J. Shaver Walter F. Stafford Jr. Clinton H. Strong James R. Sulli,·an Paul Weygandt R.G. Wilkinson Jr. 1946 Charles D. Bauer Donato J. Carbone Alexander R. Cowper John T. Crissey Lawrence H. Golden Edward F. Gudgel Ross Imburgia Daniel J. Riordan Arthur J. Schaefer James F. Stagg Joseph C. Todoro Jerome I. Tokars Victor C. Welch Jr. Frederick D. Whiting 1948 William H. Bloom Col. James G. Borman Joseph P. Gambacorta Raphael S. Good Myron Gordon Harold L. Graff Warren L. Hollis Judith Liss Landau Vernon C. Lubs John J. Marinaccio Ansel R. Martin Daniel G. Miller orman Minde Darwin D. Moore Cletus J. Regan Thomas C. Regan Lester H. Schiff Charles Shore Clare N. Shumway Jr. Edgar C. Smith Irwin Solomon Rebecca G. Solomon Edward R. Stone Paul Weinberg S. Paul Zola Thomas F. Frawler OetrJ and James R. Sullivan with 1944 class gm. 1945 Richard H. Adler William S. Andaloro Bruce F. Baisch orman Chassin George M. Ellis Jr. Edward G. Forgrave George W. Fugitt Jr. Richard M. Greenwald Donald N. Groff Herbert E. Joyce Ivan W. Kuhl Vito P. Laglia Victor C. Lazarus William . Mcintosh George A. Poda john K. Quinlivan Frederic D. Regan John G. Robinson William J. Rogers III Albert J. Rosso Joseph E. Rutecki Robert C. Schopp David J. Shaheen K. Joseph Sheedy Jacob M. Steinhart Wayne C. Templer George Thorngate IV Gilbert B. Tybring Charles E. Wiles Jane B. Wiles Carl J. Impellitier Charles A. Joy Harold J. Levy Eugene M. Marks Harry Petzing Amo J. Piccoli Herbert S. Pirson Albert G. Rowe Henry M. Tardif W. William Tornow Paul M. Walczak Myron E. Williams Jr. 1947 Bruce D. Babcock William C. Baker Edward S. Breakell William M. Bukowski J. Desmond Coughlin Daniel E. Curtin Robert J. Dean William S. Edgecomb Robert J. Ehrenreich Elbert Hubbard III Peter J. Julian Hans F. Kipping Edwin J. Lenahan Jr. Richard J. Marchand Donald C. uwer James F. Phillips Philip L. Reitz 1950 1949 Carmela S. Armenia J. Bradley Aust Jr. Alfred Berl Harold Bernhard Lawrence M. Carden Julia M. Cullen Philip C. Dennen George M. Erickson Joseph E. Griffin Robert C. Harvey Irving R. Lang Arthur Mogerman Jacqueline L. Paroski Frank A. Pfalzer Jr. William R. Ploss Edward W. Rosner Robert D. Sanford Max A. Schneider Fred Shalwitz James D. Stuart Pierce Weinstein James A. Werick Seymour Aberle Roland Anthone Sidney Anthone Lawrence D. Benken Robert E. Bergner George P. Bisgeier James J. Brandl Carl A. Cecilia Frank Chambers Jr. James A. Curtin Carmen D. Gelormini Robert N. Kling Richard J. Leberer Karl L. Manders Patricia A. Meyer Henry L. Pech Jr. Roy W. Robinson Clarence E. Sanford Helen F. Sikorski Yale Solomon George E. Taylor Hyman Tetewsky Edward C. Voss Jr. Gertrude L. Waite William S. Webster Sidney B. Weinberg Eugene J. Zygaj CLASS OF 1949 FIRST ROW (seated}: Edwarrl W. Rosnet, Lawrence M. carrlen, Julia CUllen, Judith INelnsteln, Ptetce INelnsteln. SECOND ROW (stanlllniiJ: Joseph E. Brittin, Irving R. Lang, PhiliP C. Dennen, William R. Ploss, Robert c. Harrer. �1954 Eugene L Beltrami Joseph L. Campo Nicholas C. Carosella Robert E. Carrel John L. Conboy Robert D. Foley Byron A. Genner III Florence M. Hanson Edward W. Hohensee William J. Howard John A. Kutrybala Jacob Lemann Jr. Allen L. Lesswing Sylvia G. Lizlovs Charles H . Marino Ernest H. Meese Donald J. Murray N. Allen Norman Harry T. Oliver Dr. Julia Cullen an4 Dr. lrrllff Lalit with 1949 class lift. 1951 Jay B. Belsky August A. Bruno Carl R . Conrad James S. Ferguson Allen L. Goldfarb Eugene V. Leslie Thomas J. Murphy John L. Musser Daniel A. Phillips Donald P. Pinkel Marvin J. Pleskow Robert E. Ploss Gerard E. Schultz Robert L. Secrist Bernard Smolens Eugene M . Teich James W. Weigel 38 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN 1955 Vincent S. Celestino James R. Collins Louis R. Conti Lloyd Damsey Albert A. Franco Frank J. Gazzo Michael J. Gianturco Sami A. Hashim 1953 1952 Donald J. Adams John J. Banas Robert A. Baumler Alvin J. Brown Bruce F. Connell Barbara G. Corley Donald F. Dohn Melvin B. Oyster Neal W. Fuhr Albert A. Gartner Jr. Joseph E. Genewich Donald J. Kelley Melvin R. Krohn Victor A. Panaro John Y. Ranchoff Harry B. Richards James N. Schmitt Byron E. Sheesley S. Aaron Simpson Donald H. Sprecker Oliver J. Steiner Burton Stulberg Roy J. Thurn S. Jefferson Underwood Kurt J. Wegner James F. Zeller Walter A. Olszewski Robert J. Powalski Edward A. Rayhill Edwin B. Tomaka Marlyn W. Voss Paul L. Weinmann Alfred L. Weiss Edward F. Wenzlaff Donald M. Wilson George G. Bertino Stanley L. Cohen Thomas Comerford Jr. Felix A. Delerme Donald L. Ehrenreich Sander H. Fogel Samuel B. Galeota Thomas G. Geoghegan Jack Gold John W. Handel Curtis C. Johnson Herbert E. Lee Harley D. Lindquist Milford C . Maloney Richard J. Nagel Donald 0. Rachow Joseph F. Ruh Molly R. Seidenberg Harold Smulyan John 1 . Strachan Michael A. Sullivan Reinhold A. Ullrich Marvin Wadler CLASS OF 1954 lAIMNeJ Edwanl A. lfarhlll, Edwanl A. Dunlap with class gttt. (Below} FIRST ROW (seated}: Nlcllolas C. Garosel#a, Robert J. Pletman, Joseph L. campo, Allen L. Lesswlng, Paul L. Weinmann. SECOND ROW (standing}: Rlcllanl F. Marer, Jacob Lemann, Edwanl W. llocltstahler, Harrr T. Ollrer, Donald J. Murray, John A. ltutrrbala, Altrell L. Weiss. THIRD ROW (standing}: Edwanl A. Dunlap, Marlyn w. Louis c. Cloutier, Donald M. Wilson, Edwanl A. Rarhlll, Brron A. Benner Ill, llollert J. l'owalsld, William R. Kinkel. Kathryn M . Keicher John H. Kent Edward H. Kopf S. Joseph Lamancusa Winifred G. Mernan George L. Mye Jr. John H. Peterson Leonard R. Schaer Anthony B. Schiavi Ray G. Schiferle Jr. Gerard F. Smith Robert A. Smith James G. Stengel Barbara Von Schmidt Eugene B. Whitney Donald A. Wormer �Alumni1956 John D. Bartels M. David Ben-Asher Helene E. Buerger Robert B. Corretore joseph]. Darlak Peter S. Darrigo Edmond ]. Gicewicz Frederick P. Goldstein Francis B. Haber Dennis P. Heimback John M. Hodson Oliver P. Jones Sr. Joseph L. Kunz Sue A. McCutcheon Robert G. Mcintosh Frederick C. Nuessle Hugh F. O'Neill Erick Reeber Robert E. Reisman Paul C. Ronca Herman R. Schoene Bernard H . Sklar ·[In FOllNP~TIO\ ~ t lJ1C'tLJand Jwo ~ Unr/.-;,L Ct.aJ.J a.! ' CLASS OF 1959 1957 Arthur L. Beck Bronson M. Berghorn Harold C. Castilone Benny Celniker Marvin N. Eisenberg Gerald Friedman Myron Garsenstein Lorie A. Gulino Barbara]. Hetzer Kenneth K. Hines Harris H . Kane! Joseph F. Kij Jr. Charles E. Lowe Ross Markello Herbert Metsch Richard F. Miller Charles F. O'Connor ] ohn S. Parker Herbert Silver Robert B. Sussman Bernard D. Wakefield Edward ]. Weisenheimer Sherman Waldman 1958 john V. Armenia David A. Berkson Richard C. Boyle Melvin M. Brothman Ronald W. Byledbal Franklyn N. Campagna Gary . Cohen Bernice T. Comfort Robert C. Dickson Frederick W. Dischinger Domonic F. Falsetti (AIMWeJ Or. Rlchanl Falls. Dr. John J. McMahon. (BelowJ FIRST ROW (seatedJ: Mortimer A. Schnee, Elton M. llock, Daniel C. Kozera, Donn L. fdcht, Mart Ann Blshara, valentine Dedulln, Jacob Krfef18r. SECOND ROW (standlngJ: Marvin 6. Osotskr. John J. McMahon, Rlchanl Falls, James M. Cole, Rlchanl H. Musgnug, Joseph F. Monte, Russell Spoto, George F. Ramser, Ell M. Isaacs, Thomas D. Doeblln, Rarmond C. Thweatt, Constan· tine J.6. Cretelcos, William P. Blaisdell, Daniel H. Nlnburg, William J. Mangan, 6eol'll8 R. Baeumler. Jacob Krieger Joseph F. Monte Richard H. Musgnug Julius V. Rasinski Jr. Elton M. Rock Russell C. Spoto Jason H. Stevens Raymond C. Thweatt Donn L. Yacht 1960 Michael T. Genco John]. Giardino John F. Holcomb Leo A. Kane Marie L. Kunz Michael A. Mazza Lucien A. Potenza Richard A. Rahner Elliott Rivo Richard R. Romanowski Walter H. Rothman Samuel Shatkin Morton Spivack Alfred M. Stein Richard D. Wasson Morton B. Weinberg Reinhardt W. Wende James S. Williams Franklin Zeplowitz Harold B. Zimmerman Joseph A. Zizzi 1959 George R. Baeumler Mary Ann Z. Bishara William P. Blaisdell Robert ]. Brennen Constantine Cretckos Valentine Dedulin James R. Doyle Richard A. Falls Seymour D. Grauer Eli M. Isaacs Daniel C. Kozera William E. Abramson Joseph G. Antkowiak Robert Bernat Theodore S. Bistany Joseph A. Chazan D. Jackson Coleman Roger S. Dayer Edward ]. Graber Thomas ]. Guttuso James R. Kanski Jr. Franci ]. Klocke Harry H. Nakata Daniel A. Rakowski Charles ]. Riggio Gerald L. Saks John A. Tuyn 1961 Harold Brody Allan S. Disraeli Richard C. Hatch William ]. Hewett Norman E. Hornung Alonza C. Johnson BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 39 �---- 2 Martin Cowan H arold C. Domres Jr. Sebastian Fasanello Anthony J. Floccare Joseph R . Gerbasi Roberta M. Gilbert J oseph W. H anss Jr. M. Peter Heilbrun Arthur C. Klein Morton P. K lein Gordon R . Lang Paul J. Loree Arnold . Lubin Michael M . Madden Anthony P. Markello Philip D. Morey Robert G. Ney Gerald E. Patterson Bernard Polatsch Melvin J. Steinhart 1963 Frank E. Ehrlich John R. Fanelli Ernest A. Fatta Anthony M. Foti Anita J. Herbert William C. Heyden Paul A. Lessler Albert J. Maggioli David . Malinov Don L. Maunz Richard B. arins Ronald G. Nathan Thomas J. Reagan John A. Repicci Henry A. Scheuermann Robert B. Spielman John N. Stumpf Eugene M . Sullivan Jr. Joseph C. Tutton Bela F. Ballo Jeffrey S. Carr Walter A. Ceranski Paul Cherkasky M ichael Feinstein William A. Flemming George R . Glowacki Michael Goldhamer Gerald B. Goldstein John S. Hazeltine Stephen P. Katz Charles T. Ladoulis Marilyn A. Lockwood Ronald S. Mukamal Lillian V. Ney David E. Pittman John F. Reilly Jr. maf 5 G) r ,~·~m lfv r( UNDATIO~.INC I! CLASS OF 1964 FIRST ROW lseatefl}: walter D. Hllltman, William Flemlnt, Daniel Keefe, J. Frederick Painton, David J. Weinstein. SECOND ROW lstandlntJ: Michael Feinstein, Rlchanl E. Wolin, Stephen P. Katz, lrrlnl Sterman, Elizabeth Boerlnt Serral8, Charles T. Ladoulls. Joseph A. DII'Dala, Leo M. Michalek, Jettrer S. Can, Anthonr V. Ferrari, Robert Wels. V'-. c~4 l\' of 19 64 Sheldon Rothfleisch William Salton Stephen C. Scheiber Elizabeth G. Serrage Irving Sterman Paul Sussman David J. Weinstein Richard W. Williams David C. Ziegler John E. Spoor 1965 William H. Adler III John J. Bird William C. Bucher Jr. Joseph G. Cardamone Lance Fogan Jerald Giller Anthony V. Grisanti Ira Hinden Sanford R . Hoffman Calvin Marantz R. Scott Scheer Robert N. Schnitzler Daniel S. Schubert Robert W. Schultz Joel Steckelman Louis Trachtman Maj. W. Scott Walls III Benjamin J. Wherley John R. Anderson Robert M. Benson orman Berkowitz Michael J. Costello Barry M. Epstein David J. Fugazzoto Douglas D. Gerstein John W. Gibbs Jr. Leon Hoffman Murray C. Kaplan Jacob S. Kriteman Roger J. Lagratta David L. Larson Anthony J. Logalbo John P. Menchini Donald E. Miller Dorothy M. Murray Thomas P. O'Connor Laird C. Quenzler Steven E. Rinner Harvey A. Schwartz J. Brian Sheedy Thomas P. Sheehan Arthur C . Sosis George S. Starr James M. Strosberg Linda Young Richard Young 1966 , &; 503-:J J, lf'C ]h.Ot.LMn.d Jfwd.'f ~,,.. 40 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN - 96 David S. Berger Max M. Bermann James R. Blake David T. Carboy 1)\' - - Michael Madianos A. Thomas Pulvino Stephen D. Rader Paul T. Schnatz Arthur T. Skarin Paul Stanger Jacob Y. Terner Ronald H. Usiak Robert E. Winters r,, lj ~- ---~-- Robert Barone Thomas W. Bradley C. Wayne Fisgus Melvin Fox Patrick J. Kelly Kenneth Klementowski John N. Laduca Melvyn B. Lewis Jeffrey E. Lindenbaum Joseph F. Martinak Donald M . Pachuta Roger W. Seibel 1968 Leonard A. Argentine Lawrence D. Baker William E. Clack Gary H . Cramer Thomas J. Cumbo Lawrence J. Dobmeier George L. Druger Ronald J. Friedman Bruce H . Gesson Raymond Hansen Kenneth L. Jewel �Harvey I. Weinberg Madeline J. White Brian S. Joseph Richard F. Kaine Milton P. Kaplan Julian R. Karelitz Raymond A. Martin Kenneth W. Matasar Robert A. Milch Jonathan C. Reynhout Robert D. Rodner Paul S. Schulman Jean D. Williams Charles P. Yablonsky 1970 Ronald H. Blum Donald P. Copley Vincent G. Cotroneo Allen Davidoff Eben I. Feinstein Charles A. Fischbein Sigmund S. Gould Harvey Greenberg Mark S. Handler David E. Hoffman Scott D. Kirsch Stanley B. Lewin Richard A. Manch Martin N. Mango Donald H. Marcus Denis G. Mazeika Paul M. Ness Roy M. Oswaks Richard I. Staiman Dale A. Vanslooten Ilja J. Weinrich 1972 Richard A. Berkson Martin Brecher David S. Buscher John J. Dalessandro Patricia K. Duffner Robert Einhorn Robert Z. Fialkow Ian M. Frankfort John W. Kraus Robert B. Kroopnick Paul S. Kruger Alan I.Mandelberg Ira L. Mintzer Kenneth C. Rickler Stuart Rubin Stuart R. Roledano Harold J. Weinstein John W. Zamarra 1973 Robert Hartot (left} allll William Ma/01 pment 1969 class gm. 1969 Alan H. Blanc Joel B. Bowers James L. Cavalieri II Laurence A. Citro Lang M. Dayton Arthur L. DeAngelis Carl J. DePaula john R. Fisk Robert J. Gibson Timothy F. Harrington Robert M. Hartog Hanley M. Horwitz Russell G. Knapp Jr. Daniel B. Levin William K. Major Jr. Stephen W. Moore James A. Patterson Douglas L. Roberts Warren Rothman Thomas S. Scanlon Lester S. Sielski Michael F. Smallwood Ronald F. Teitler Joel H. Paull David W. Potts David M. Rowland Kenneth Solomon Ellen R. Fischbein Roger A. Forden Arthur R. Goshin Dennis J. Krauss Alan I. Leibowitz Michael L. Lippmann Bruce H. Littman Russell P. Massaro Frank A. Miller Alan M. Podosek Bruce M. Prenner Daniel J. Schaffer Arthur M. Seigel Shafic Y. Twal Robert M. Ungerer Harold M. Vandersea William S. Bikoff Yung C. Chan Jeremy Cole Nancy L. Dunn Robert G. Fugitt Kenneth L. Gayles Michael A. Haberman Jeffrey P. Herman Frederic M. Hirsh Robert Huddle Sharon Kuritzky Dana P. Launer James S. Marks Charles J. McAllister Arthur W. Mruczek Joseph M. Mylotte Garsutis K. Palys CLASS OF 1969 FIRST ROW (seated}: Daniel B. Levin, Joel B. Bowers, Dorotllea Downey Muscato, Robert Blbson, Hanley M. Herwltz. SECOND ROW (standlntJ: James J. While, Arthur DeAnii811S, Russell 6. Knapp, Robert M. HartoJ, James L. Cowallerl, Stephen W. Moore, William K. MaJet, Michael F. SmaiiWDOII, nmoriJJ F. HanfllftOn, DtuJias Roberts. Bemanl Muscato. 1971 Allen I. Berliner Jerald A. Bovino Kenneth J. Clark Jr. Terence M. Clark Eric M. Dail BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 41 �Robert L. Penn John E. Przylucki Jon P. Rubach Barry Sanders Mark N. Scheinberg Arnold W. Scherz Gary J. Wilcox Jonathan Wise John Asheld Jr. Charles Bauer David Bendich William I. Cohen Sr. Marguerite Dynski Robert E. Fenzl Lilian Li Fu Tone Johnson 1974 Gordon L. Avery Daniel R. Beckman Daniel R. Botsford Jr. Richard J. Buckley Jr. James L. Budny E laine M. Bukowski Alan G. Burstein Thomas D. Chmielewski John H. Clark Stephen Commins Alva Dillon Jr. Thomas A. Donohue Jockular B. Ford Leslie G. Ford Donald R . Greene David W. Leffke Joseph P. Lemmer Hing-Har Lo Bruce F. Middendorf K athleen W. Mylotte Lawrence A. Oufiero a nford R . Pleskow J ohn C. Rowlingson Eric J. Russell Elliott A. Schulman Roy E. Seibel Jr. Louise M. Stomierowski R eginald M. Sutton Edward L. Valentine Paul H . Wierzbieniec Stuart A. Wolman 1975 Penny Asbell 42 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Nina Kostraba Charles atalizio Thomas Rosenthal Sylvia Regalia Spavento Stanley J. Szefler John Theobalds CLASS OF 1974 197 Stephen Bien Sonia Burgher Michael Bye David A. Dellaporta Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt Marshall Fogel Timothy Gabryel Thomas Hadley Ronald Marconi Walwin Metzger Erwin Montgomery Jr. Bernard M. Wagman John Wiles CAboveJ James A. Smith OetrJ and l'aul H. Wlellblenlec with 1974 class flltf. CAt lettJ FIRST ROW (seateiiJ: Bonlon L. AvetJ, John P. Manzella, Btuce H. Thlets, Elaine M. Bulalwsld, Leslie B. Fonl, Thomas D. Chmlelewsld, Alan B. Butsteln, Lawrence A. Dunem. SECOND ROW (stalllllntJ: Kathleen BralctJ, IIIIJ E. 8elbel, BraflleJ T. Jvax, Edwanl A. unllfOnl, Rlclranl J. Buclder, James L. Budnr, ca11 A. Jbdoro, John BralctJ, l'aul H. Wlel'llllenlec, James A. Smith, Btuce Mltlllenflort, Daniel R. Botstonl, Anthonr B. utlla, Bldeon B. Barnett, t:enrad WOlfrum, 8antonl R. Pleslalw, Darld W. Lettlte, Stephen Yemwlcll, Diane L. Matuszak. Carl J. Schmitt Richard P. Singer Reginald B. Stiles Russell J. VanCoevering II 1978 1977 John E. Billi Thelma Caison Elaine S. Chirlin edra J. Harrison Michael S. K ressner Bess I. Miller Jeffrey A. M agerman Mark J. Polis Theodore C. Prentice T homas A. R aab Albert Schlisserman Russell G. Brown R ichard R. Curran Stuart L. Dorfman Dean Mitchell Paul A. Paroski Covia L. Stanley Bernice J. Blumenreich Joseph E. Buran Jr. Michael R. Cellino Terence L. Chorba Frederick A. Eames Juanita A. Evereteze Andrea S. Gold Paul A. Koenig John M. LaMancuso Bruce D. Rodgers Robert J. Rose Peter E. Shields Ian K. Slepian Richard S. Urban 1979 Walter A. Balon Joel M. Bernstein 1980 Wesley Blank Joel Gedan Lloyd D. Simon �AlumniNew medical alumni officers elected Ellen Tedaldi Anita Vigorito Armenia, Tanner, Przylucki head slate for 1984-85 Dr. John E. Przylucki (M'73J, (not pictured} clinical instructor In surgery, is the association's new treasurer. He is affiliated with St. Joseph's Intercommunity, Millard Fillmore Suburban and Lafayette General Hospitals. 1981 James Bronk Susan Davis Barry Feldman Joel Fiedler Jonathan Gewirtz Todd Jacobson Robert A. Jakubowski Deborah Malumed Conrad May Michael T. Ross Brian Same Daniel Schaefer Brett Shulman Howard Sklarek David Small David Weldon 1982 Kevin Barlog Jill Brody Mark Chung Richard Corbello Robert A. Gianfagna F. Richard Heath Wendy Kloesz Sin Ping Lee Jessica Rockwell Arthur Schantz Robert Stern 1983 Jonathan A. Graff Dr. Carmelo S. Armenia f49J, new president of the Medical Al'!mnl Association, Is associate clmical professor of gyn-ob. He has ap· pointments at Millard Fillmore, Kenmore Mercy and Buffalo General Hospitals. He is also a member of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecolo· gists American Society of Cytoiogy and the national, state and county medical societies. Dr. Charles J. Tanner (M'43J Is the association's new vice president. On staff at Mercy and other area hospitals, he Is also a surgeon for several major area industries. He Is a member of the national, state and county medical societies, the American College of Surgeons, AAAS and numerous other organizations. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 43 �George W. Thorn His research career spans 60 years T rying to condense the many "lives" of George W. Thorn, M.D. is an impossible task, like trying to condense the 2212 pages of the classic work, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (he is one of its original editors). During his research career of almost 60 years, George Thorn (class of '29) established the foundations of modern endocrinology and metabolism. He was responsible for forming much of the basic knowledge of the adrenal gland, cortisone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and steroids. Few know that he is partly responsible for what is possibly the first known organ transplant in history. Dr. Thorn brought kidney dialysis to this country and established a standard of practice for the procedure. And he initiated one of the first "health plans;' a harbinger of today's multispecialty group practices and health maintenance plans. Now he is professor emeritus at Harvard Medical School, as well as president of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute which he founded. At 77, he is quite in his prime, his sandy hair and blue eyes emphasizing his youthfulness. He believes in physical activity and demonstrates this with a solid game of tennis in addition to sailing and golf. A story was recounted some years ago that when Dr. Thorn was Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic at Hughes Medical Institute, a patient mistook him for a young resident who was supposed to take his history and do a physical, just as the intern and medical student had. It is his arboretum, though, that has captivated his time and interest most outside of medicine. Dr. Thorn's fruitful life is mirrored in the maturing fruit and nut trees he planted during the 1950's at what is now the Thorn Arboretum at Coolidge Point, Manchester-by-the-Sea, Massachusetts. "An avocation becomes particularly significant as one approaches retirement ... An arboretum is a form of natural cultivation which is compatible with a professor's irregular hours and peripatetic movements," explains Dr. Thorn. "Absence for a few days or even a month is not disastrous, and it is obvious that one's efforts in developing an arboretum will be appreciated by others and one is in reality contributing to the pleasure of future generations:' This attitude in turn reflects the endeavors of a devoted 44 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN educator who has a genuine interest in future generations . Those future generations, by the way, include over 5,000 medical students he has trained. In his various positions through the years, he was known to make every effort to become personally acquainted with both the researchers and their research. This helps to explain his amazing capacity to stay on top of new advances in nearly all medical fields he talked directly to many of those who were creating the new developments. This approach made him ideally suited to serve as editor for what might be considered the bible of medicine, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. The work is now published in nine languages, and he was one of its original editors in 1946. He continued as editor for 31 years and then capped off this particular career by taking on the responsibility as chief editor for the 1977, 8th edition. 0 uring the Association of American Physicians' presentation of the George Kober Medal to Dr. Thorn in 1976, George Cahill, Jr., related an incident that occurred regarding Thorn and his book: "The importance of George Thorn and the book is told by Maxwell Wintrobe, the prior Chief Editor. During one of the editorial board meetings held in Sicily, in his usual daring and inquisitive manner, Thorn walked into the crater of (Mount) Aetna to see the fireworks firsthand. The wind shifted, and according to legend, a similar event millenia ago surrounded Euripides with brimstone and fire, and only his sandals and some ashes were subsequently found. Apparently the gods thought Thorn and the 'Book' more important, and the winds quickly shifted, and the Hersey Professor and Harrison Editor scrambled out unscathed." After entering the University of Buffalo School of Medicine at 19, he was attracted to the research efforts of Dr. Frank Hartman in physiology. In his second year of medical school, Thorn assisted in the earliest preparation of adrenal extracts. Before he graduated, he developed the first workable assay for adrenal cortical extract activity. His subsequent work in maintaining viability of adrenalectomized cats won him the American Medical Association's Gold Medal For Investigation - a unique achievement for someone so young. By Bruce S. Kershner Upon graduating, Thorn served as a house officer for a year at Millard Fillmore Hospital, and then went into practice with his uncle in his last three years in Buffalo. During that time, the Hartman-Thorn extract was given to patients suffering from Addison's Disease, with dramatic improvement. Fittingly, the daughter of one of those first patients treated in the early 1930's later attended UB's School of Medicine. The offer of a Rockefeller Fellowship wisked the precocious physicianresearcher away from Buffalo in 1934. The three-year fellowship took him first to Harvard and then to Ohio State, where he temporarily rejoined Dr. Hartman. His third year was with George Harrop at the biochemical division of Johns Hopkins' Department of Medicine . While there, he demonstrated that sex hormones had effects on mineral metabolism, and almost 20 years before aldosterone was characterized, he devised an assay for the mineralcorticoid potencies of adrenal extracts. Among the first subjects he tested for the metabolic effects of steroids were himself and his lifelong colleague and wife, Doris Thorn. She also assisted in laborious laboratory analysis of urine sodium concentrations. Following his fellowship, he joined the faculty at Johns Hopkins in 1938. B efore leaving Johns Hopkins, Thorn was the first to systematically isolate urinary steroids in humans. Thorn also demonstrated, in a classic published in 1940 with four associates, that slices of liver from adrenalectomized animals synthesized less glucose than those from animals treated with steroid. After a couple of years as an Army Major during World War II , George Thorn would have returned contentedly to Johns Hopkins. But with the sudden death of the distinguished physician, Soma Weiss, at Harvard, Thorn was called to replace her as Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic and Brigham Hospital's Physician-in-Chief. His shrewd intuition coupled with a gambling instinct was to lead to repeated breakthroughs throughout Thorn's career. One young woman had become anuric following a traumatic delivery complicated by severe hemorrhage. Despite the high glucose infusions and anti-uremic care, her condi- �Classnotestion continued to deteriorate. Dr. Thorn took advantage of an opportunity created by the death of a male patient who had had a healthy kidney. Vessels in the woman's arm were surgically connected to the man's kidney in the early morning hours. Urine began ~o _flow freely from the kidney, and what IS likely the world's or at least North America's, first know~ transplant, had been accomplished. Although the attached kidney functioned for over a day, ~he woman's kidneys began to functiOn again, making it difficult to assess the significance of its contribution to the patient's recovery. After learning of the pioneering dialysis techniques developed by Kolff in the Netherlands, Thorn's life-long interest in renal disease brought this new technique to the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital. It was through his catalyzing leadership that his colleagues put the now worldwide standard procedure of dialysis into practical use. Successful renal dialysis then cleared the way for another first - the development of a widely accepted and practiced program of kidney transplantation. One of his residents remembers that when the first runs were made, all hands literally were used to hold the polyethylene tubing together. R ather than "restricting" himself to books, research, and patient care, George Thorn expanded his visions to include new medical institutions. In 1953, he was one of four nationally prominent physicians to meet with Howard Hughes and engineer the concept of an "institute without walls." Thus was born the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Thorn chairs the innovative research facility, which he says "has developed a strong research program in twelve medical centers throughout the U.S. Its investigators and employees work closely with the affiliated university hospitals in these medical centers. At present, there are approximately 60 institute investigators located in addition to laboratories in biochemistry and hematology at the institute's base in Miami." Out-patient care at Dr. Thorn's hospital could be characterized as a quagmire in the 1960s. The Brigham's specialty clinics had drained off patients from the General Medical Clinic which had become almost relegated to the role of a "geriatric custodian." Although the "generalist" concept was still years to c_ome, Th_orn's foresight and imaginatt<;m_ led_ him to transform the specialty cl1mcs mto new general clinics. Each h_ad senior and junior attending physicians, house staff members and other phys_icians repr~senting nearly every specialty. Conceived by Dr. Thorn, this was one of the first "total" health approaches by an academic hospital. It fostered the Harvard Prepaid Community Health Plan and the subsequent health plans now established across the continent. Thorn also initiated the HarvardMIT Program in Health Sciences and ~echnology. This occurred just when bwlogy was coming into its own at MIT, and he took advantage of that unique opportunity. To get the program off the ground, he enlisted the help of a millionaire friend and MIT alumnus who donated a $10 million core en: dowment. The effort culminated in MIT's Whitaker College of Health Sciences which now attracts talented individuals to the health sciences who were in disciplines that formerly related only with difficulty to the medical field . Additionally, his role in inaugurating the Harvard-MIT Medical School Program gave birth to a medical education in bioengineering leading to a degree in one or both disciplines. Co-chairm'an of the Whitaker Foundation since 1974 he still contributes to the cross-fertiliza;ion of ideas that is essential to the rapid growth of any field. • Dr. GeotVe W. Thorn BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 45 �D r. Anne Wasson (M'50) retired from the Frontier ursing Service of Hyden, Kentucky, after 12 years of service. During those years, she served as chief of clinical services, medical education coordinator and then dean for the Frontier School of Midwifery and Family Nursing, administrator of the Mary Breckinridge Hospital, and finally acting director of the Service. She left after an emotional farewell reception. She made an unforgettable impression on all that knew her. "Few persons in the (long) history of the Frontier Nursing Service have been as widely loved and as deeply admired as Dr. Anne," relates the Service's Quarterly Bulletin. Before she retired, Dr. Anne received the AMA's "Physician of the Year" award for the third time. This was followed by being made a Kentucky Colonel - an honor not easily come by. She was known for her common sense, deep human concern and the quiet warmth of her personality, some of which emerged in the many delightful anecdotes she told. She also impressed people with her practical interest in architectural design. She contributed significantly to the design of the Breckinridge Hospital and a nearby Community Health Center. Dr. Anne came to the nursing service by making a major career change after nearly 20 years of private medical practice in New Hampshire. Why did she give up a successful practice to come to Kentucky? She said she felt a need to give herself to a cause of wider scope. Now back in her home state of ew Hampshire, she works on the nineteenthcentury Colonial house she has owned for many years. She also plans to establish and operate a crafts business and to write a "really good book on the design and management of clinics." What Dr. Anne enjoyed most was her teaching, although she received much satisfaction with the administrative work, despite its challenge and headaches. In her honor, the Respiratory Therapy Department at Breckinridge Hospital was dedicated to her and a plaque was erected . • Anne Wasson Kentucky M.D. retires Dr. Anne INassoo WOifdng with patients at the Frontier Nursing Service In Hrrlen. tcr.• where she was an Integral part at the community tor 12 rears, after giving up ,.,vate practice In New Hampshire. ( �Classnotes1940's RUTHERFORD S. GILFILLAN, M'41 • His article, "A Comparison of Doppler Ultra Sound and Elevation Reactive Hyperemia in Ischemic Lesions of the Foot," will appear in the journal of Cardiovascular Surgery in 1984. Dr. Gilfillan was made an honorary member of the Northern California Vascular Society in 1983; he is retired and living in Dillon Beach, California. Bruce Babbitt, to a second fiveyear term on the Arizona State board of Medical Examiners. ment, Department of Pediatrics, SUNY, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York. RICHARD H. MUSGNUG, M'59 • LAWRENCE B. SCHLACHTER, M'76 contributed a chapter, "Atrophies of the Skin," to Harper and Row's Textbook of Dermatology "Clinical Dermatology." Dr. Musgnug is in private practice in dermatology in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. VINCENT J. CAPRARO, M'45 • The World Congress on Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology instituted a lecture in Dr. Capraro's name. The lecture will be presented by an invited speaker at the World Congress in 1986. Dr. Capraro has been made an honorary president of the American Chapter of the International Federation of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. A. ARTHUR GRABAU, M'45 • retired from private practice in 1982 and is now residing at 110 Ocean Cove Drive, Jupiter, Florida, but still spends summers in Kenmore, New York. Dr. Grabau was a former director of Tuberculosis Control, Erie County Department of Health. GUY L. HARTMAN, M'46 • was recently elected president of the Southwestern Pediatric Society and executive secretary of the California Consortium of Child Abuse Councils. Dr. Hartman is associated with the Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Fontana, California. J. BRADLEY AUST, M'49 • has been elected chairman of the Board of Governors of the American College of Surgeons. Dr. Aust is professor and chairman of the Department of Surgery at the University of Texas Health Science Center. 1960's M. DAVID BEN-ASCHER, M'56 • writes that he has been reappointed by Arizona Governor, RUSSELL J. VAN COEVERING II, M'77 • and his wife have just one of three founders of a new medical device company, Biomedics, in Mercer Island, Washington. His company specializes in advanced data management systems for acute care and in biochemical sensors for monitoring. "We appear to be leaders in applying fiber-optics to biochemical monitoring," he says. returned from a lecture tour of the People's Republic of China with the American Fertility Society Delegation headed by Dr. James Daniell. Among the hospitals visited were the Capitol Hospital in Beijing and the Shanghai First Medical College. Lecture topics included laporoscopy, endometriosis, adhesion prevention and estrogen replacement therapy in the menopause. LEE N. BAUMEL, M'63 • is medical DR. HARVEY R. GOLDSTEIN, M'77 HOWARD HOCHBERG, M'61 • is director of the Eating Disorders Unit and director of the Department of Biofeedback at Beverly Hills Medical Center. DONALD J. WALDOWSKI, M'65 • started a private solo pediatric practice in Baldwinsville, New York. PAUL S. SCHULMAN, M'68 • is president-elect of the San Diego Radiological Society. Dr. Schulman is assistant clinical professor of radiology at U niversity of California, San Diego, and chief of radiology at the Community Hospital, Chula Vista, California. • was certified by the American Board of Gastroenterology in April. Dr. Goldstein received his sub-specialty tratntng in gastroenterology at the Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California. He joined the Millard Fillmore Hospital medical staff in the Department of Internal Medicine in 1982. SALVATORE A. DEL PRETE, M'78 • is now in Stamford, Connecticut, after leaving Dartmouth. His new office address is Hematology-Oncology Associates, 140 Hoyt Street, Stamford, Connecticut 06905. PAUL J. WOPPERER, M'78 • , a specialist in OB-GYN, 1s a clinical professor at the State University at Buffalo. 1970's MARTIN MANGO, M'71 • has been elected president of the Western ew York Society of Internal Medicine. 1950's • announces the association of Gary Kaufman, M'78, in the practice of neurological surgery in Atlanta, Georgia. Dr. Schlachter did residency training at Emory University in Atlanta and Dr. Kaufman did his training at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City. KENNETH BROMBERG, M'75 • is assistant professor of pediatrics and medicine (infectious diseases) and director of recruit- JOHN CORBELL!, M'79 • presented a research paper on "Follow-up after Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty" during the American College of Physicians Meeting held in Atlanta, Georgia, in April. Dr. Corbelli is presently in fellowship in cardiology at the Cleveland Clinic. 1980's WESLEY S. BLANK, M'80 • writes, "My wife Nanette and I had a baby girl, Leah, on March 17, 1984. In addition, I have joined a group private practice in OB/GYN in Attleboro, Massachusetts." Dr. Blank's new address is 84 Arbor Way, Attleboro Falls, Massachusetts 02763. DAVID A. KOLB, M'80 • is a fellow in neuromuscular disease at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Dr. Kolb was chief resident tn neurology tn 1983-1984. LLOYD SIMON, M'80 • writes that his new address is 50 Akerly Pond Lane, P.O. Box 319, Southold, New Jersey 11971. PETER YANG, M'80 • informs us that "My wife (Terry) and I are moving from Ann Arbor, Michigan, to Tucson, Arizona, where I'll be working in the department of radiology, section of neuroradiology. Our new address is 3749 Calle Barcelona East, Tucson, Arizona 85716. THOMAS P. GOODELL, M'81 • finished his family practice residency at Hays Army Hospital, Ft. Ord, California in June and assumed command of the !97th Infantry Brigade Health Clinic, Ft. Benning, Georgia. MICHAEL T. ROSS, M'81 • married Jean Del Piero on September 1. After completing emergency medicine residency in July, he joined the emergency medicine staff at Providence Hospital, So~thfield, Michigan. ISAIAH PINCKNEY II, M'82 • 1s currently chief resident of the Brookdale Family Practice Resident Program, Brooklyn, New York. DOUGLAS J. BATES, M'84 • wants you to know that his new address is 2060 E !25th Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44106. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 47 �DeathsJEROME H. SCHWARTZ (M'31) • died February 2, 1982, in Las Vegas, • Nevada. WILLIAM REESE LEWIS (M'32) • died September 25, 1983, in Lewiston, • New York. NIELS GERHARD MADSEN (M'35) • died January 8, 1984, at the age of 85, after a long illness. Dr. Madsen practiced family medicine and surgery for 31 years in Honeoye Falls, ew York, where he operated his own private hospital for 11 years. He retired in 1964 and lives in Scottsdale, Arizona until 1978. Dr. Madsen remarried in 1980 after his first wife died. He is survived by his wife, Lucy C. Ashely Madsen of State College, Pennsylvania; his daughter, who is an associate professor at Pennsylvania State University; and a son, Eugene Madsen, M.D., of San Luis Obispo, California. • GLENN J. COPELAND (M'39) • died on March 31, 1984 in Clifton Springs, ew York. • DR. FRANK MEYERS (M'29) • the first chief of medicine at Kenmore Mercy Hospital, died May 28, 1984, in Buffalo General Hospital. A Buffalo-area physician for 50 years, he retired from private practice in 1979. He was a clinical professor emeritus of medicine and an attending physician at Buffalo Genera] and Kenmore Mercy Hospitals at the time of his death. The Buffalo native served as an army lieutenant colonel during World War II in the 23rd General Hospital in Europe. Certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine, he was a member of the American College of Physicians, and the state and county medical societies. He was also a member of the medical honor society, Alpha Omega Alpha. Dr. Meyers is survived by his wife, Wanda; two daughters, Marilyn, a physician from St. Louis, and Mrs. George Triepel; a brother Stanley; two sisters, Clara and Helen; and three grandchildren. • DR. MARY E. PANTERA (M'21) • died June 12, 1984 in Buffalo at 87. Dr. Pantera was a member of the American Medical Association. The former Mary Rutkowski is survived by her husband, Stanislaus, D.D.S.; a sister, Helen; and a brother, Leo. DR. LYLE N. MORGAN (M'40) • died May 15, 1984, in Veterans Hospital at the age of 75. A native of Rochester, he practiced medicine for 40 years in Buffalo until he retired in 1980. He was affiliated with Buffalo General and Sisters Hospitals and was a Medica] School faculty member from 1943 to 1963. From 1927 to 1931, he was a pharmacist medica] corpsman with the U.S. avy. He was a member of the AMA and the Erie County Medical Society. He is survived by his wife, Marion; two sons, David and Lyle, Jr.; three daughters, Gail, Carol and Joyce; and 13 grandchildren. • DR. THURBER LeWIN (M'21) • one of Buffalds most distinguished ophthalmologists with a career here that spanned 50 years, died at the age of 86 on May 12, 1984 in Buffalo Genera] Hospital. Born in Buffalo, Dr. LeWin was a descendant of the founders of Ottawa, Canada. His maternal great-grandfather, John Rochester was a member of Parliament and mayor of Ottawa after Bytown and Rochesterville were merged to form the city. Dr. LeWin was honored twice by UB. The associate professor of ophthalmology received the 1981 Distinguished Alumni Award, and in 1974 he was presented the Samuel P. Capen Award for meritorius service to the University. The son of a physician, Dr. William C. LeWin, the younger Dr. LeWin was an intern at Buffalo General Hospital and was a resident surgeon at Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia. He had a master's degree in ophthalmology from the University of Pennsylvania. 48 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN He was an attending eye surgeon on staff at Buffalo General, Deaconess, Emergency, and Children's hospitals . Dr. LeWin was a past president of the Buffalo Ophthalmologic Club and the Wills Hospital Society and a member of the Erie County Medical Society, American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Medical Union Club, American Medical Association and Buffalo Academy of Medicine. A former Boy Scout whose interest never faded, Dr. LeWin served as camp physician at Scouthaven and was a member of the health and safety committee and the camping commitee of the Buffalo and Erie County Council of Boy Scouts of America. He also served on the council's executive committee and received the prestigious Silver Beaver Award for his outstanding contributions. Dr LeWin is survived by his wife, Mary; son, Alan, of Phoenix; daughter, Barbara of Darien, Conn.; a brother, Harvard, of Hume; a sister Elva, of Williamsville; eight grandchildren, and one greatgrandchild. • DR. CHRISTY F. CASTIGLIA (M'34) • died May 25, 1984 in Millard Fillmore Hospital after a brief illness. Dr. Castiglia, 74, practiced medicine on Buffalds West Side for 34 years. He had served on the medical staffs of Millard Fillmore, Columbus and ·Sheehan Emergency hospitals and the chest clinic of Erie County Medica] Center. Twenty days before he died, he attended the 50th anniversary reunion of his UB Medical School class in Buffalo (see article). Born in Buffalo, he practiced medicine in Holland, .Y., from 1939 to 1942. He served as a U.S. Army Captain from 1943 to 1944. A member of the national, state and county medical associations, he was also a member of the American College of Chest Physicians and the SPR Medical Club. He retired in 1978. He is survived by his wife Madeline; son Russell of Amherst; two daughters, Carolyn of Boulder Creek, California, and Corrine of Syracuse; two sisters, and nine grandchildren. • DR. ARTHUR J. CRAMER, JR. , (M'32) • died July 21, 1984, at the age of 75. A UB Medical School alumnus, he was on the School's faculty for 40 years. One of Kenmore Mercy Hospital's first chiefs of pediatrics, Dr. Cramer was proud of his role in helping to establish that hospital. He was also a former staff physician at Children's and DeGraff Memorial Hospitals and a former Kenmore health officer. The Buffalo native was a Kenmore pediatrician for 37 years. Dr. Cramer's practice was interrupted during World War II, when he served in the U.S. Army's 132nd Evacuation Hospital in Germany. While in Germany, he saved the life of a German youth, Ewald Rischar, who suffered kidney injuries in the Allied bombings. Mr. Rischar, now 56, tracked down Dr. Cramer a month before the doctor died to obtain a letter from him that he needed to qualify for government compensation (see full story in this issue). Dr. Cramer was an officer in the UB Alumni Association and donated to the University's building fund. He retired from medical practice in 1969 due to health, and retired from his University appointment in 1978. Surviving are his wife of 50 years, Florence; three sons, Arthur ]. III and Paul J., both of the Town of Tonawanda, and Robert]. of Freehold, NJ; a brother, Charles; and eight grandchildren. CORRECTION: WE ARE GLAD TO RETRACT THE DEATH NOTICE {WHICH WE RECEIVED IN THE MAIL) OF JOHN P. MURPHY (M'58) IN THE PREVIOUS BUFFALO PHYSICIAN ISSUE. He wrote " Say it isn't so! I'm still very much alive and practicing. The news of my death in the May issue of the Buffalo Physician was highly exaggerated !" �A MESSAGE FROM Ar '49 President, Medical Alumni Association The Executive Board is continuously looking for effective means to communicate with its Medical Alumni and increase the number of dues paying members. This year the Alumni Association will host two receptions: · A OLLEGE OF SURGEONS MEETING, SAN FRANCISCO Tuesday, October 23, 1984 Westin St. Francis Hotel, Elizabethan Room C 5:00 p.m. - 6:30 p.m. RICAN A S'N OF MEDICAL COLLEGES MEETING, CHICAGO Monday, October 29, 1984 Conrad Hilton Hotel, Room 415 6:30 p.m. - 8:30 p.m. An invitation to attend these receptions is extended to all Medical Alumni and faculty attending these meetings and to those Medical Alumni who live in the Chicago and San Francisco areas. Please signify your intention to attend by completing and mailing the form on the back cover. We are looking forward to meeting you. -~~~--------------------------------------------------------------- IIIIII BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE sociation University at Buffalo 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 DR C K HU ANG 115 KIMBALL TOWE R SUNYAB BUFFALO "lY 14214 -----------------------------------------------------------------PLEASE DETACH AND RETURN University at Buffalo Medical Alumni Association D I plan to attend the Medical Alumni Reception in San Francisco, Tuesday, October 23 at the Westin St. Francis Hotel. D I plan to attend the Medical Alumni Reception in Chicago, Monday, October 29 at the Conrad Hilton Hotel. Name Address Class � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, September 1984 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine -- Periodicals Medical colleges -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine . Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984-September Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. 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Copyright 1984 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/15a7ecd357d8ca98708cf8bfab2fc3c8.pdf 64d21d7dcacb7083ed59ac33b071d661 PDF Text Text �MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN The Buffalo Physiaan has undergone a fine transition during the course of the 1983-84 academic year. With this edition Mr. Bruce Kershner begins his second year as the editor and his role as the major public relations officer for the School of Medicine. The past year's accomplishments have included an updating and expansion of the mailing list, a totally revised format which should be more readable, and the development of content that is both archival and current. While most of the new directions are the result of Bruce's efforts on the school's behalf, others have been involved as well. Included among those responsible for some of the changes are the members of the Advisory Committee and the production staff who meet with Bruce at regular intervals. Their critical comments and constructive suggestions have been very valuable to the progress that has been made. This combined with the expanded readership should help maintain a strong line of communication and information to our constituencies throughout the future. As always, your comments and suggestions about the direction of the Buffalo Physician will be most welcomed. - John Naughton, M.D. Corrections: J~f rrgm thR misspelling of Dr. Joseph PTI!zio's nanu and thf omissiOn of Dr. Ron Afarkllo's rum~£ as auihor of thR book m:iru• 1/ow Do liiu Spell Rel~ in lk .\Iay 1984 1SSU1! ofBufia.Jo Physician. �ContentsBUFFALO PHYSICIAN 3 MEDICAL CARE IN THE SOVIET UNION • Franz E. Glasauer, M.D., professor of neurosurgery, offers his impressions of a study tour of the medical profession and health system in the USSR. The Soviets have come a long way since the Russian Revolution, he reports. 8 CHRONIC DIARRHEA RESEARCH CENTER • Children's Hospital will become a major world center for the study and treatment of one of the major killers of children under five years old. 10 PHOTO SHOW • UB physicians claim 8 of 12 prizes at Eighth Annual Physician's Photo Show. 12 HOSPICE CONFERENCE • 150 health care professionals hear expert practitioner-panelists discuss this most important health movement. "The hardest thing is to switch from curing to caring," one panelist noted. 14 DES • Both male and female offspring of mothers treated with DES are at risk. STAFF EXECUTIVE EDITOR, UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS Robert T. Marlett ART DIRECTOR Rebecca Bernstein UNIVERSITY MEDICAL EDITOR Bruce S. Kershner PHOTOGRAPHY Jim Sulley David S. Ottavio Ed Nowak ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. Maggie Wright Ms. Rita Wolff 15 A CHALLENGE • Medical schools and undergraduate education both have roles to play in increasing the public's general health awareness, Pennsylvania dean avers. 17 RESEARCH • Astronauts visit Dr. Farhi's Physiology Lab for preview of shuttle experiment. Other UB research news. 21 MEDICAL SCHOOL NEWS • Early Assurance Program allows sophomore undergrad students to apply for Medical School admission here. Dr. and Mrs. Eckert endow visiting chair in surgery. More Medical School developments. 24 HOSPITAL NEWS • Children's uses Cabbage Patch Dolls to educate pediatric patients. John Jefferies resigns as Children's president. Other items. 25 STUDENTS • 143 are awarded MDs at 138th Annual Commencement. Eighty-eight per cent receive one of top three choices for residency program. Alpha Omega Alpha induction. Awards and honors. 31 ALUMNI • Jonas Salk and experts on herpes and AIDS are featured at record-setting Spring Clinical program. Senior Reception at the Albright-Knox. TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center Balfour Mount ------------------------------------------------------atHo~I~------- Conteren~. PEOPLE • Dr. Harry Metcalf helps set a police trap in drug abuse scheme. UB physicians participate in Asthma/Allergy callin program on TV. VIewing an exhibit ---------------------------------------------------at Sprtng Cllnlcai-CLASSNOTES • Nun/surgeon is leader in effort to form organiDavs. zation for religious-physicians. Dr. Virginia V. Weldon cited by Smith College. News of the Classes. 36 v, Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson, director, in association with the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo COVER ART: Dr. Leon Farhi and photos of astronauts in UB Physiology Lab: Ed Nowak. Space Shuttle: NASA 40 44 DEATHS THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, (USPS 551-860) July 1984- Volume 18, Number 2. Published five times annually: February, May, July, September, December - by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 1 ��CAt lett) TapesfiY with emblem ot Uzbeklstm, Tashkent. ccenterJ St. Basil's cathedral seen from Red Square, Moscow. (Inset} One ot the ever·readv ambulance teams from the EmeiTiencv center, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. (Above ttghtJ NeurosuiTitcal operation tn process, Bunlenko Neurosul'fllcal Institute, Moscow. �THE CONTEMPORARY STATE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Therapeutic and preventive care for the population is provided at home or at the place of work. Based on the locality principle it is closely connected to the dispensary medical care and pro,·ides all tv pes of medical aid for the hospital and the incorporated outpatient clinic. Outpatient care general and specialized is delivered by a widespread network of clinics, dispensaries and other primary health care facilities. The polyclinic is the core of all outpatient care and is staffed under a predetermined specialty/population base. Although various specialists may be present in urban polvclinics, there arc expected difficulties with the rural health care program. Sparse population and long dist<~nce tra\·el require dif~ krent practice patterns from those in urban factorv clinics. Local m~'dical centers arc organized to render medical a1d to workers of a production shop or of several small industrial shops. The division into lOl·alities allows for the regular follow-up of the people in that locality and assures immediate treatment. In 1976 there were 24,000 in-patient hospitals in the SO\·iet Union, 119.3 beds and 32.6 physicians per 10,000 population. The ambulance service is a major health care function. Its network of special establishments includes stations, hospitals. departments of ambulance sen·ice, and a pai·k of sanitary transports. In 1976, over 4,000 ambulance stations \\ere staffed by 30,000 physicians and 70,000 health care personnel. Unified emergency services in towns and villages provide maximum emergency medical aid for sudden illness and accidents and transport patients to inpatient facilities. On the request of the medical establishment theY also transport women in labor. Thu~ emergency medical sen·ice can delin·r qualified and specialized treatment at the scene of an accident or in the home of a severely ill patient. Out-patient care for children is assured on their discharge from the maternity home and until age 16. The children's Outpatient Clinics are centers for healthy children. Emergency aiel is provided by pediatricians who staff its emergency aid posts and by specialized pediatric ambulance teams. Second stage care is the concern of the district medical establishment such as the central district in-patient hospital or district hospital dispensaries. Here, villagers receive specialized treatment 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN by internists, podiatrists, surgeons, ohstetricians, and gynecologists. The third stage is the regional medical facility or regional territorial hospitaL Here, specialized outpatient and inpatient treatment is rendered. The help of aircraft and automobile is available for emtTgency and immediate medical aid. Patients in need of highly skilled specialized treatment are admitted tO republican hospitals, scientific research institutes, or other appropriate institutions. In addition, there are mterrepubliean specialized centers for comprehensi,·e examination and treatment. An example of this is the cardiological center with its in-patient clinic of 1400 beds. ~luch importance has been attached to the development of the sanatoria and health resorts run bv the Central Council for the ~lanagei~ent ofll-ade Union Health Resorts. Their concern also is the leisure time of workers. MANPOWER AND EDUCATION ISSUES The So,iet Union has large numbers of health professionals in all fields and has increased their numbers in recent vcars. Maldistribution of professionals is not a problem because of"pay back." Three wars of senxe is required for a state ~upported education allowing assignment of manpower to needed areas. Jobs arc salaried according to government standards. Although professionals are free to t hange assignments. desired positions may be filled if a transfer is not possible. . The feldsher, a health professional \Vith a 250-year history in the lJSSR, is the equi'>alent of a middle. medical personnel similar to a physician's assistant. Given special educational experience, he may fulfill other roles such as a radiological technician, physiotherapist, or public health worker. Education: All children must complete a minimum of eight years of primary school which they attend six days a week. In the fifth grade students mmt select a second language and those who do well may take a competitive examination for entrance to a universitv or technical schooL · From first grade through the university all tuition remains free. Most university students receive a living allowance according to their academic standing and subjects. They are also entitled to dormitory accommodations. Under existing regulations, institute or university graduates must work at least three years at assigned positions to repay the state for the substantial cost of their education. On completion they may seck employment ann\here. The current seven-.vear medical education program follow~ graduation from secondary schooL There are three primary directions in medical educa~ion: I) Ther~p.euties, the equi,·alent to mternal medicme for adults; 2) Pediatrics, inmh ing children up to age 15 and 3) t~1C field of public health, hygiene and samtatJOn. Other programs such as stomatology and pharmacy are included in undergraduate medical education. Although the undergi·aduate medical curriculum varies according to the track selected by the student, subjects that apply to all areas include political theory, foreign languages, physical education, and basic sciences. Post-graduate medical education, or the seventh year of training, leads to a specialized doctor of much younger age than is produced under the North American model of education. Further post-graduate training may be pursued in a medical institute. Although the profession is centralized and standardized, hierarchy does exist in medicine. Specializ~d and research insti~utes treat special problems such a~ cardiOvascular disease, cancer, neui·oscience and other disorders that require specialized surgical and medical skills. Thus, t~is sy~t~m produces large numbers of physiCians to provide primary he~l th care. It also leaves the option for h1gh test performance graduates �I I _} to further their education in new and developing programs such as transplantation, ophthalmology. etc. For neurotraumatology, post-graduate education following medical school includes two to three vears of neurosurgery. For the specia!t}· of neurosurgery five years are required. Post-graduate studies are important for a scientific career such as an academician. SAMARKAND (Clockwise from top letrJ 1. Intensive Care (re-animation} Unit, BunlenlaJ Neurosur· gical Institute, Moscow. 2. Parlla· ment building with monument to WOrld War II, Tashkent. 3. Obstetrical Unit, Rrst Cltr Hospital, Tashkent. 4. Exterior view of Rrst Cltr Hospital. Samarkand is one of the most ancient cities in the world and once was the pride and capital of Tamerlane (Timur the Lame), the 14th century conqueror of Asia. The city is most sumptuous with sunbaked ruins, a splendor of glazed, blue-green tiles and brilliant mosaics of minarets and mosques. The broad streets, new buildings and trees provide an oasis atmosphere to the city. The city has a population of half-amillion and is a large center of developed industries, among them the wellBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 5 �Dr. Blasauer In his Buffalo otftce. known tea-packing factory. It is also considered to be one of the major educational and research centers. The citv numbers 2S hospitals, with neurolog)· and neurosurgery services available in six of them. Here in Samarkand we visited the EmergenC)' Hospital. The Emngmcy Holprlal is not a hospital but, in fact, the headquarters of the Samarkand ambulance system. \Vhik it contains no beds, an occasional patient may walk in for outpatient care. Four other stations are affiliated with this central triage station which is staffed around the clock by physicians and nurses. The ambulance team usually consists of a physician and a nurse or a feldsher. This station is covered by IS physicians who arc on call for 24 hours, then off 72 hours. The entire emergency system has 104 physicians with 20 traumatologists, but no neurosurgeons. A meeting with four Samarkand neuro urgeons was also arranged. The neurosurgical unit described by the main spokesman consists of 60 beds. and some two or three operations a day are performed. Major operations cover tumors, trauma, vascular operations and cerebral scars. Superficial skull injuries are handled either by general surgeons or traumatologists. The annual tumor material consists of about IS gliomas, 40-SO meningiomas and an average of 1S cranio-pharyngiomas and pituitary tumors. qiiomas are routinely radiated followmg surg~ry. About 40-SO per cent of the operatwns are for 6 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN herniated intervertebral discs. The treatment of hydrocephalus consists of anterior commissure opening, Torkildsen procedures and peritoneal shunts. The operating microscope is used only lor peripheral nerve surgery and neither CT scanner nor stereotactic procedures arc available. TASHKENT Tashkent, founded 20 centuries ago, is the modern capital of the Republic of "\\'hitc-Gold" Uzbekistan and one of the largest cities in the USSR. White-gold refers to cotton, the main wealth of the Republic, one of the richest and most advanced in Central Asia. First City Hospital: In Tashkent \\e \ isited the "First Citv Clinic of Abu Sina." The hospital, considered the finest in the city has received several annual awards. It comprises several buildings and its 1SOO beds have an annual inpatient census of some 2S,OOO. The average hospital stay of a patient is 1S days. In the hospital are most surgical/ medical specialty divisions that include cardiology, neurology, radiology and physiotherapy. There is no neurosurgery. Of the 1S6 medical staff members, six are neurologists. The hospital also has a postgraduate physician training program. After a pleasant overview by the .director we viewed the general surgical and obstetrical areas. While the plain operating rooms appeared adequate, the instrument sterilizers seemed antiquated. It was, therefore, the more surprising that a C0-2 laser was available for general surgery for opera- tions on the liver, lungs. stomach and infected abdominal cases. The obstetrical department averages some 20-30 deliveries a dav· Caesarian sections run about 7 per ce~·t. Early on, the newborn infant remains with the mother. The hospital also provides courses lor pre- and postnatal care. While the hospital and equipment seemed old compared to a modern U.S. hospital, one observed the delivery of a?equate~to-abovc average medical care. 1 he espnt-de-corps of the hospital staff was apparent. The entire nursing statT stood at attention as we walked through the spotless areas. The nurses wore a typical nursing hat with a cross on it which was absent on similar ones worn by female physicians. MOSCOW Moscow is a relatively new city. It was founded in 1147 as a village and fortress by Prince Yuri Dolgoruki. Today it is a city of power and platitudes. Its billboards exhort the public which crowd the sidewalks. In the sprawling city are vast squares and imposing buildings, and many of its wide streets are lined with linden trees. Skyscraping Moscow State University takes a lofty view of the l'v1osk\a River and of the entire central city. l\1oscow's metro is considered the world's most beautiful subway system and carries some ~ve million passengers a day. Of greatest Interest to the tourists is the Krcmli~ with its palaces, congress halls and vanous cathedrals and outside the .Kr~mlin wall, Red Squ~re. The highlight of our medical tour was �= - the visit to the Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, one of three major centers for neurosurgery in the Soviet Union; the other two are in Leningrad and Kiev. Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute: The Director. Academician, Professor Alexandre Konovalov cordially welcomed us and responded franklv to our many questions on the institute and the practice of neurosurgery in the USSR. The Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute numbers 300 beds with an additional 60-bed unit for spinal injuries and is staffed bv some 15-20 neuroscientists. Among '2,600 operations performed each year at the institute, 1,000 arc for brain tumors. Their special interest in meningiomas, pituitary and parasellar tumors and those at the base of the skull results in brain tumor referrals from across the country. For some pituitary tumors, transsphenoidal surgery is used. The incidence and distribution of brain tumors are similar to numbers in Europe and the USA, while metastatic brain tumors run about 8-10 per cent. Endovascular surgery, the obliteration of vessels by means of detachable balloon catheters was pioneered at the institute bv Professor F.A. Serbinenko. In acu.te spinal trauma a variety of accepted treatment methods are used, such as hyperbaric treatment, cooling of the spinal cord, and decompressive laminectomy. Stabilization operations of the spine are carried out at various time intervals following injury. Apparently, Russians are unfamiliar with our popular "halo device" used for immobilization. Chronic patients are similarly treated in a rehabilitation center. Of special interest on treatment of spine injuries was the statement by Dr. Konovalov that, contrary to widespread publicity, they have no "wonder drug" in the USSR for spinal regeneration. The radiology department performs annually 10,000 CT scans and 3,000 angiograms. A body CT scanner is not available. Cerebral blood flow studies with xenon are an established procedure. Pneumoencephalography also is still frequently performed. Isotope studies are still very much in use for isotope cisternography, isotope brain scanning, and isotope flow studies. Patients with malignant brain tumors are routinelv treated with radiation therapy and· chemotherapy. A proton beam unit is available for the treatment of pituitary tumors, while the C0-2 laser, not commonlv used in clinical neurosurgery, is used for experimental surgery. Operating rooms at the Institute seem adequately equipped. The operating microscope is available with color monitors inside and outside the operating room. Of particular interest to us was the use of cadaver bone for cranioplasty. The donor skull, placed in formalin for several weeks, is washed carefully before implantation. Excellent cosmetic results are expected, the result of exact size and proper shape of the skull bone. We were told that most of these implants take and that preoperative and intra-operative antibiotics are not routinely used. The 20-bed Intensi...-e Care Unit is well-equipped with monitors for vital Wl.edical car? has come a long way • sznce the Russian L Revolution._J signs and various pressure measurements. Adjacent, an independent laboratory operates around-the-clock for blood gases. osmolalities and other chemical studies. The unit cares for postoperative patients, some very sick pre-operative patients such as those with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage and others with severe head trauma. The unit, headed by an independent physician, is usually referred to as .. reanimation service." LENINGRAD If Moscow is the heart of Russia, St. Petersburg is the head. Leningrad is a very beautiful city, with many canals and rivers. Not only has the city's name changed with history's wheel but it is also associated with many pages of the history, culture and revolutionat-y movement of R ussia. Institute of Experimental Medicine. Following the usual customary introduction we briefly visited a couple of the departments. The Institute, a collection of 92-year-old buildings, houses the basic sciences such as physiology, biochemistry, embryology. pharmacology, neuropathology, etc., as well as a computer department. 1oday, some 300 scientists work in a multi-disciplinary approach among the departments. In the past, the late physiologist Dr. I.P. Pavlov directed its physiology department. Department of Embryology: Cloning and experimental or behavior teratology are the two main research interests. Various drugs are studied for their teratological effects and the release of new ones arc based on the recommendation of this department similar to the FDA in our countrv. Virology: Here, studies on the defense mechanism against viruses such as arbo and influenza viruses are carried out. Current focus i.s on interferon and its action on cancer. Biochemistry: A scientist reporting on a cooperative Russian-American population study on cholesterol and triglyceride values noted a definite difference between the two. The studv considered their evaluation and influe~ce of these blood chemicals on heart disease. In a current study on Russian population, the effect of cholcsteml and triglycerides on cerebral stroke are being closely looked at. CONCLUSION Although it is impossible in a brief two weeks' trip to learn all about medicine in the USSR, we were able to get a glimpse into their medical system. There is no doubt it has come a long wav since the Russian Revolution. Th,ere is clearly better medical care for its citizens and a greater emphasis on medical programs. While a few special institutes are wellequipped and staffed with outstanding personneL the majority of general hospitals remain antiquated and lack modern equipment. It was our impression that the Russian people were friendly and most of our Russian colleagues genuinely cordial, expressing concern and hope for a better understanding between our two nations, especially among physicians as healers. Our visits to hospitals or institutes were always preceded by a short conference and frequently refreshments. While all our questions were politely answered by the director, we were never questioned on our medical system or about our specialty. \\'e were also disappointed in not being able to visit more hospitals. The excuses received were that either the building was under repair or examinations were being held. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 7 �------- --- - Chronic diarrhea Buffalo will become major center for study & treatment of child-killing disease T By Bruce S. Kershner hrough the efforts of a UB physician , Emanuel Lebenthal, M .D. , Buffalo will become the world-wide center for the study and treatment of one of the world's major killers of children under five years old. The International Center of Infant Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease, the first of its kind , is the culmination of a 21-year-old dream for Leben thai who is professor of pediatrics at Buffalo Children's Hospital. He is also head of the hospital's Division of Gastroenterology and utrition. The new research center will be funded by a 3 million grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development (AID), it was announced March 5 at a press conference at Children's Hospital. The center, which will occupy the entire second floor of the hospital's Annex Building, will open in August , 1984. Dr. Lebenthal obtained the funding partly through the efforts of the entire W Y Congressional delegation especially Congressman Jack Kemp, Senators Moynihan and D 'A mato, Congressman owak and others. The institute, Congressman Jack Kemp noted, "will establish Buffalo as the global center for helping to save the lives of millions of poor children around the world suffering from diseases arising from malnutrition and dehydration." Among those represented at the press conference were Dr. Lebenthal; John Jefferies, Children's Hospital director; Dr. John Naughton, dean of UB's School of Medicine; M. Peter McPherson , director of AID; Congressman Jack Kemp; Congressman Henry Nowak; representatives for Senators Alfonse D'Amato and Daniel Moynihan and Congressman John LaFalce, and Leroy Coles of the Buffalo Urban League. The purpose of the center is to train physicians from around the world to treat acute and chronic diarrhea among infants. Its goal is also to conduct research and to instruct others on how to establish associate centers in other countries. The World Health Organization estimates that one billion children suffered from acute diarrhea in 1980 and more than five million die each year when the diarrhea progresses to a chronic state. Lebenthal predicts that "at least 20 per cent, or one million, of these children each year can be saved within the next ten years" due to the work of the center and its satellite centers on other continents. The Israeli-born doctor expects that the first associated centers will be located in Peru , Central America, Africa and Southeast Asia. M. Peter McPherson of AID noted, "It is a very unusual thing that we come this close to identifying such a major medical problem like this and can actually do something about it. If you look back in history, you find that opportunities like this are very rare indeed." Children's Hospital was chosen by the agency as the location of the center because of its national reputation, as well as the success of its treatment program directed by Dr. Lebenthal. Children's Hospital will contribute a large amount to the program, much of it to be raised by Western ew York donors. "The fact that the University is here in Buffalo is fortunate;' added Richard Heath, chairman of the Board of Children's Hospital. "With its ability to attract research, funding and the kind of faculty as represented here by Dr. Leben8 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (Cioctwtse trom toll leftJ 1. Dr. Lebenthal wttll Uny patient. 2. COngressmen Nowak and Kemp (center of photo} tour clinical tac/ltues at Children's Hospital. 3. (From lett} M. Peter McPherson of AID, Congressmen Kemp and Nowak, Richanl E. Heath of the Children's Hospital Boanl, and Dean Naughton at press conference. 4. Dr. Lebenthal (lettJ and Mr. McPherson. thai, projects like this are possible." Referring to another advantage made possible by UB's association with the institute, Dean aughton remarked , "Besides San Diego, we're the only medical school in the U.S. that is situated so near to an international border. It makes UB particularly suited for an international project of this nature." Research by Lebenthal and his colleagues has resulted in new and sophisticated treatment methods that have given Children's Hospital one of the best records in the world in treating chronic, intractable diarrhea. The mortality rate elsewhere in the United States had been up to 45 per cent; at Children's, the mortality rate over the last eight years has been 0 per cent. C hronic diarrhea begins when infections cause persistent injury to the mucus lining of the small intestine. A vicious cycle results because the injured small intestine leads to an intolerance of protein in routine infant feedings. Poor absorption of nutrients and lowered immune defenses worsen the condition further, followed by deficiencies in enzymes and hormones which permit an overgrowth of bacteria in the small bowel. Thus, the small intestine never repairs itself and infection and malnutrition continue. The ensuing dehydration ultimately leads to death. Chronic diarrhea is worst in poor countries because of inadequate nutrition and contaminated water and food. In the United States, the condition is most frequent among poor and disadvantaged groups_. Until recently, the knowledge of how to effectively treat the tllness has not been available where it was most needed. Lebenthal's unique center is expected to change all that. -- -- �The center will feature a short-term trammg program lasting six months and a long-term program of two years. Lebenthal explains, "The Center will not only train pediatric gastroenterologists but will develop an infrastructure of pediatricians and health professionals in the developing countries who will be involved in promoting the care of infants who develop chronic diarrhea." Twenty-three foreign doctors will be trained in the first pha e of the program. Workshops will also be offered annually. In the planning stages is an international symposium to be held in August, 1985. It is expected that 700 researchers and clinicians from around the world will hear presentations by 70 world authorities on infant nutrition and ga trointestinal diseases. Lecture by international scholars will be promoted, as well as visits by Buffalo center mentor to the associate research centers in other countries. The research program will focus on learning more about the reasons why acute diarrhea transforms into chronic diarrhea with resulting demise of the child. In addition, different treatment programs will be tested and compared in various host countries to identify the most effective methods. Lebenthal pointed out, "This is not one man' doing, it is the accomplishment of a team of 20 people." A partial list of fellow physicians who assisted were Drs. Robert Warner, Robert Cooke, Thomas Rossi and P.C. Lee. After teaching and doing research at Harvard, Stanford and Tel Aviv universities, Lebenthal came to UB in 1976. He was attracted partly because of Children's Hospital's reputation and the warmth of Buffalo's community. He is editor and coauthor of the two definitive reference works on children's digestive diseases, especially Textbook of Gastroenterology and Nutrition. He is also editor-in-chief of his medical specialty's international journal. After the press conference, Dr. Lebenthal left for Peru and Indonesia to continue his international efforts associated with the new institute. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 �'Bubbleman Ill,' bv Dr. William TOrnow. 10 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �P hotographs from all O\·er the world taken by area physicians were on display during the Eighth Annual Physician's Photo Show April 8 to 12 at Sisters Hospital. Sponsored by the Sisters ~1edical Staff in cooperation with the Medical Societies of Niagara, Genesee and Orleans Counties. the event im ited doctors from all area hospitals to put their best photographic \VOrk up for public viewing during the exhibition. Eight of the 12 awards were received by UB faculty: FIRST PLACE COLOR- Dr. Joseph Link, clinical instructor in pediatrics and rehabilitation medicine, "Eskimo." SECOND PLACE COLOR- Dr. Albert Menno, clinical assistant professor of surgery, ''Cupide et Psyche." HONORABLE MENTION - Dr. l\lenno, "Entrance to the Chateau." Dr. Sixto Macede, clinical instructor in gyn-ob, "Autumn Reflections" and "Pumpkins Anyone?" Dr. Kenneth Eckhert, Jr., clinical assistant professor of surgery, "Underwater Christmas Tree." Dr. \Villiam Tornow, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics, "Bonding" and ''Bubbleman III.'' • Photo show UB faculty take 8 of 12 awards BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 11 �-- - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- ----- --- Hospices blend physical, social & emotional care 'The hardest thing is to switch from curing to caring' By Mary Kunz and Bruce S. Kershner he hospice movement is a most important movement. Most health-related schools are under great pressure to rethink the roles of ' ' ' health professionals;' said Dr. John aughton, M.D., dean of UB's School of Medicine, during opening remarks to the audience gathered for "An Institute on Hospice Care." The conference, held April 26-27 in Buffalo, was organized by Hospice Buffalo, Inc., in cooperation with UB and Buffalo General Hospital. Throughout the two-day conference, which was attended by about 150 health care professionals, seven workshop were conducted. The workshops were divided by area into medicine, nursing, social work, occupational therapy, pastoral care, bereavement, and volunteer work. The progress made in hospice care and the challenge and pitfalls faced by member of hospice teams were then examined by the keynote speaker, Balfour Mount, M.D. He is the leading authority in orth America on hospice care and director of the Palliative Care Unit in Montreal's Royal Victoria Hospital. "The foundation of hospice care has to rest on expert medical care, with a skilled physician and nurse involved;' Mount said. "In one study done at our hospital, the patient population served by hospice care had a higher nurse dependency than any other unit. These are the sickest patients in the hospital. These are patients who require physical care. But;' he reminded the audience, "we can't pass by a bed and look at a patient's face without realizing that taking care of the physical needs isn't enough." Dr. Balfour Mount of North Montreal's Royal VIctoria Hospital. ><:: ~ 0 z cii § I a.. 12 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN In the past, Mount explained, certain needs of patients have been neglected, such as their social context, their unanswered questions, and their dealing with pain. These needs must be met, he tressed, in all settings - in the home, in the chronic care unit, and elsewhere. He urged health care professionals to concern themselves with the goals of the hospice movement, in practice and in education. The hospice team, Mount illustrated, is all-important. The team must have expertise in all the spheres of patient care, and must overcome the problems and disillusionment which often go along with a profession whose eventual concern is death. In a field so demanding, stamina and teamwork are essential. "We've developed a physician-dominated, hierarchical system;' he noted. "This works well for operations, but it doesn't work well with hospice care. If we're saying that serving spiritual and social needs is equal to serving physical needs, how do we do that with physicians dominating? "I am impressed by the fact that our colleagues in the business world have long recognized the importance of the team,'' Mount said. "We operate in the health care system as though we never heard of it." Mount explained that hiring people for hospice teams is difficult due to a number of factors, including incomplete or vague descriptions of jobs, a small pool of applicants, a sense of urgency which might compel employers to hire "almost anyone;' a tendency to hire on fir t impressions, and union constraints. Selection of ho pice team members, he emphasized, �Mount said. "We have to be capable of making a diagnosis and bringing something to the problem." He added, dryly, that when all else fails, a hospice team member must not forget the last resort - to quit. Hospice work is terribly demanding, but, Mount concluded, it is necessary and rewarding. Working with a hospice often means almost unbearable exposure to pain, futility, and death. But there remains the satisfaction of fulfilling a basic need - to improve the quality of life. "Life is not easy;' Mount said. "Death is rarely easy. Frequently on a hospice team, we're called upon to face the discipline of unfulfillment ... We experience our vulnerability, the question of our awful freedom, our awesome aloneness and our need for meaning. "But what a challenging, rich, rewarding task it is," Mount said. "J switch he hardest thing for physicians and nurses to do is from attempts at curing to attempts at caring;' Dr. Robert Milch addresses Hospice Conference participants. should be made with careful research and screening. "You want a good fit, not someone you've conned into the situation;' he said. Those interested in hospice care should learn more about the psychological needs of patients. Mount explained that patients, used to being on the receiving end, feel useless and "depersonalized." He said that patients should be allowed to give as much as possible. Research should investigate the structure of family systems, so hospice team members can better understand the problems patients face at home. Studie should center also on the ways and problems of dealing with loss. H ospice team members, Mount said, face discouraging problems unique to their profession. These problems include di illu ionment, burnout, grief, and eventual apathy, due to the death of patients and the feeling of futility that often ensues. Because of the new concepts and roles associated with hospice care, misunderstanding and confusion occur frequently. Few people are completely sure of the others' roles. Problems in identity result from the fact that roles of hospice team members overlap. A social worker might become upset because other team members might appear to be taking over his or her job. A music therapist, because of the novelty of the field, might find that no one understands what a music therapist does. A physical therapist might become discouraged because instead of making progress, the patient does less and less every week. "There are reasons for us to be under stress in this work;' Robert Milch, M.D., associate professor of surgery and Hospice Buffalo's medical director, said of the palliative care approach of the hospice movement. He addressed the first session of the medicine workshop on the fundamentals of pain and symptom control. To put the need for palliative care in perspective, Milch explained that if one in three cancer patients is cured, that means that two out of three are not cured and therefore potentially in need of palliation. Both laymen and health care providers outside of ho pice care are prone to misunderstandings about it. Identifying the most fundamental misunderstanding, Dr. Milch quoted Samuel Johnson, "Those who do not feel pain seldom think it is felt." This is reflected in statistics concerning cancer patients. " ot everyone with advanced malignant disease is suffering from pain," Milch remarked. "Cancer does not necessarily equal pain. But the care-givers' estimate of the proportion of advanced cancer patients who experience pain is 25 to 30 per cent, while interviews with patient indicate 60-65 per cent experience pain." Another misconception is that a quiet-appearing sleep indicates the patient is not in pain. "You can definitely suffer from pain while asleep," he continued. In fact, sleep induction using barbiturates is to be avoided since barbiturates increase the perception of pain. Similarly, health care providers mu t recognize that patients not experiencing physical pain can still be experiencing non-physical pain, Milch explained. This type of pain includes fear, anxiety, depression, nausea and chronic insomnia. Fear of dying is not the only fear that patients with advanced malignancy encounter. Fear of isolation and rejection, fear of unbearable pain, fear of loss of identity, fear of leaving loved ones behind and helplessness are also common. "Even those hospice patients who have not experienced pain, fear that it will come - and those who no longer experience pain, fear it will come back;' Milch pointed out. Later that day, Lawrence Sherman, M.D., assistant clinical professor of surgery, and George Cohn, M .D., clinical professor of neurosurgery, discussed the use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation, epidural morphine and biofeedback to control pain. The next day, April 27, Sandra Tiller, M.D., clinical physician, University Health Service, Robert Moskowitz, M.D., associate clinical professor of medicine, Owen Bossman, M.D., clinical associate in medicine, and Dr. Lawrence Sherman participated in panel discussions on physician-patient-team interactions between the hospice program and the health care community. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �Long-term DES effects Both male and female offspring at risk A By Mary Beth Spina mounting list of long-term ide effects in newborn mice which have been given the synthetic estrogen DES (diethylstilbestrol) suggests that scientists should look more closely for potential problems in human offspring of mothers who took the drug, says noted tumor biologist and animal researcher Dr. Howard A. Bern. Dr. Bern, a University of California (Berkeley) scientist who delivered the John W. Cowper Lecture Series at Knox Hall this spring, was one of the first to observe a link between estrogens and malignancies of the vagina and cervix in newborn female mice given these hormones. It would be another ten years before a similar link would be reported between DES and such findings in young women whose mothers took DES in early pregnancy, ending the practice of administering the drug to the pregnant. An estimated one to three million - or more - pregnant women prone to miscarriages received the synthetic hormone between 1945 and 1970, ostensibly to promote full-term pregnancy. "But," says Dr. Bern, "there was no good evidence in animal studies or otherwise that it did, in fact, prevent the spontaneous abortions." At best, the endocrinology was uncertain and the reason the drug enjoyed such popularity among clinicians is still unclear. On the other hand, research by Dr. Bern and others using mice and other animal models as early as the 1960s showed abnormalities of the female reproductive organs linked to the administration of DES or natural estrogen. The newborn mouse - rather than the pregnant one was used in these and subsequent studies with DES because the neonatal mouse at birth shows sexual development equivalent to that of the infant human at the end of the first trimester of gestation. It is known that one to 1.5 million young women and presumably an equal number of young men born to DES mothers during the 25 years the drug was administered in the U.S. were exposed to the hormone. Research which revealed that DES daughters bear a one in 1,000 to a one in 10,000 risk of developing malignancies of reproductive organs seen in postmenopausal, but never in young, women, has more recently shown that DES sons may not entirely escape risk from similar intrauterine exposure. "Decreased fertility, low sperm count, testicular abnormalities and testicular tumors called seminomas are among disorders which have been reported in some sons of women who took the drug in early pregnancy;' Dr. Bern explains. A s recently as last year, a footnote on the DES story appeared in an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association. "A study of six siblings whose mother took DES in the first trimester of all her pregnancies showed one son with seminoma, one with oligospermia, one daughter with a clearcell carcinoma of the vagina, and another daughter with vaginal adenosis;' Dr. Bern relates. Even though use of DES has been largely discontinued since 1970 for pregnant women in the U.S. and elsewhere, it should not be assumed that the DES story is over. In parts of Puerto Rico, it has been observed recently 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (AbolleJ T-shaped utetuS with namJW and lnegular utettne cavtty. (Below} T-shaped uterus with constrtcuon. Lower haff at uterine cavttJ has bulbous appearance, and affected area at cervical canal has a tunnel shape. These abnormalities have been seen In some women exposed tn utero to DES. that some youngsters are showing abnormal, precocious breast development and other symptoms which suggest exposure to high levels of estrogen. Thus, some pregnant women in Puerto Rico may be similarly exposed. While evidence has been well documented as to the effects of DES on new-born mice given the drug as well as occasional vaginal cancer and other abnormal genital tissue development in human daughters and sons of DES mothers, ongoing animal studies suggest that the hormone may have yet other long-term effects. Various studies by Dr. Bern and his colleagues as well as other research elsewhere point to changes in the prostate and in the mammary gland, in the development of nervous and immune systems and in the patterns of enzyme levels in the liver of laboratory animals exposed to DES or other estrogens at or before birth. While not claiming that these animal model findings are entirely applicable to humans who have been exposed to the hormone in utero, Dr. Bern says that experimental findings at least suggest areas which invite further clinical investigation. "To date; he points out, "there have been few or no studies on humans in these important areas." Dr. Bern cautions that while findings of animal studies may not necessarily be predictive of parallel changes in humans, it is worth remembering that reproductive tract changes in male and female animal models parallel certain of the changes in the same organs of sons and daughters of women who took DES in early pregnancy. While DES is still marketed and prescribed for treatment of prostate cancer in males and as a "morning after" pill for young women, Dr. Bern - although not a physician - raises �some caution about the latter. "If it does work to prevent an unwanted pregnancy in young women who have been victims of rape for instance, then that's fine. But if it's given and doesn't work then the pregnant woman is confronted with another difficult decision," says Dr. Bern. Clearly, all the facts are not in, nor are they likely to be for some time to come in terms of early exposure to estrogen - either natural or synthetic. Funding for the Lecture Series was provided by The john W. Cowper Co. Inc. with additional support from UB's Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, the School of Medicine's Department of Physiology, and the Department of Biological • Sciences. Human biology It's missing in the liberal arts A By Ann Whitcher merican medical schools face special challenges in light of changing U.S. medical practice and exaggerated public expectations of what is good health care, said Dr. Edward]. Stemmler, dean of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Moreover, medical schools and undergraduate programs share responsibility for public education in health matters,. he said. "Human biology is a missing discipline in the liberal arts," continued Stemmler, addressing an April 20 seminar on "Higher Education and Health" sponsored by the Medical School and UB's Faculty of Educational Studies. Increased general health awareness can only help the public cope with medical advances, and with the burning medical issues of the day. "Eventually our society will find it necessary to withhold certain therapies from certain segments of the population;' he said. All the more reason, he added, "why we need an educated population which understands life in all its dimensions." The University of Pennsylvania medical dean argued that medical schools "are an integral part of higher education" and have a duty to participate in broader behavioral research than has been the ca e so far. On the other hand, he stated, the somewhat "rigid" structure of university liberal arts departments often precludes needed university-level study of the human body, even as some elementary school students arc now delving into beginning molecular biology. In short, the American public will benefit, he said, if it can be soundly educated in elementary human biology Quoting the noted bacteriologist and Pulitzer Prizewinning author Rene Dubos, Stemmler said the public must assume some responsibility for its own health, and abandon present unrealities in perceptions of what is appropriate health care: "It is meaningless and dangerous to encourage the notion that health is a birthright, or that freedom from di ease can be obtained through drugs or other medical treatment. Like political freedom, freedom from disease is not a commodity to be restricted by science or government. It cannot be obtained passively from a physician or at the corner drugstore . . . We must reconsider the wisdom of using longevity as the dominant criterion of social and medical practice. We must be prepared to recognize that an excessive concern with security and with the avoidance of pain has dangerous economic and biologic implications." As for the nation's medical schools, they must pay more attention to behavioral factors in health care and research; become more independent of federal control; and seek out those "sensitive, remarkably qualified" individuals now turned off by the competitive rush, otherwise known as "pre-med syndrome." This competition is so fierce and ultimately destructive, Stemmler said, that some of today's medical school applicants are known to contrive a pattern of social service, "not out of genuine dedication;' but out of a desire to bolster their applications in a fight for hard-to-obtain medical school places, even as the number of places has risen with post-war medical school expansion. schools, through their research and instructional M edical programs, must acknowledge the prominence today of behavior-influenced and behavior-engendered diseases. The list of the ten leading causes of death in 1900 included diseases not present on a similar list for 1980: tuberculosis, nephritis and diphtheria. Unfortunately, new diseases 'appear on the "top ten" list of the present era: accidents, cirrhosis, suicide, malignancy, chronic lung disease and heart disease. All, he said, are influenced to some degree by human behavior. Stemmler added that the almost exclusive emphasis on biomedical research and curative care in medical education has overshadowed needed attention to behavioral research. He also said the dependence of many medical schools on federal monies via the ational Institutes of Health necessarily affects the nature of American medical school education. These monies arc also concentrated in a few schools, he remarked. "Forty per cent of the medical schools now receive 80 per cent of the extramural funds of the ational Institute of Health;' Stemmler stated. Moreover, only 20 of these medical schools "have half of the IH budget for extra-mural research. Modern research is a capital-intensive venture and will gravitate to those universities which are able to invest in it." This "intrusion" of the federal government has a resulting effect on medical education, just as the development of Medicare and Medicaid has affected medical practice and the education of physicians since the 1960s. Medical school expansion in the post-World War II years has given us many more doctors, to the point that there is now a physician surplus in Stemmler's view. Also, this expansion encouraged the notion that medical schools "were agents of social change." Such an expectation on the public's part has had both good and bad effects, Stemmler reiterated. During a question-and-answer session, Stemmler speculated that medical school officials will likely need "several years to sort out some of these issues." While not denying the salutary effects of mass-media illustrations of health care in (soap operas and the like), Stemmler said the public nonetheless learns about health in too passive a manner. Also, the health craze as witnessed by the flurry of celebrity exercise books and packed aerobic classes at the nation's health spas, offers only a partial solution. "I don't think this is an educated health culture." Asked about the worth of medical education in places like Grenada, Stemmler said schools with "inadequate programs and facilities do students a great disservice. It is only secondary education." Stemmler's address was the concluding event in a series on "Higher Education and Human Values in the 21st Century;' presented this past academic year by the Department of Educational Organization, Administration and Policy, Faculty of Educational Studies. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �--~-- ~0. �ResearchShuttle astronauts visit UB Physiology Lab Group previews testing device they will take into space A !most two years before they launch into orbit around the earth, five space shuttle astronauts helped launch an experiment in Buffalo: Three physicians, one veterinarian and two physiologists visited UB April 25 through 27 to undergo testing on a rebreathing apparatus that will accompany them into space in January 1986. The unique device was developed in 1976 by Leon Farhi, f.D., professor and chairman of UB's Department of Physiology. Dr. Farhi is being assisted in his efforts by his co-investigators, Robert A. Klocke, M.D., UB professor of medicine and physiology; Albert J. Olszowka, M.D., associate professor of physiology; and r-.1ar} Anne Rokitka, Ph.D., research assistant professor of physiology. The six ASA astronauts, four men and two women, include two mission specialists (regular shuttle crC\'-' membe1·s) and four payload specialists (scientists who fly on only one particular mission). Commented UB President Steven B. Sample, "All of us here at UB are very pleased that a project initiated at this institution will be included as part of the NASA life sciences space shuttle program scheduled for next year. \\'c note that this participating pr~ject is one of only 24 selected out of more than 400 submitted to ASA for this mission." "We are very proud of Dr. Farhi and the entire Physiology Department for this and all its endea,·ors in research," Dr. John aughton remarked. "I wish to acknowledge Dr. Farhi, whose experiment will eventually be carried around the earth." The astronauts will be subjects on equipment that will measure their cardiac output and associated functions at rest and when exercising. One reason the UB experiment was selected by NASA was because it may shed light on a medical problem experienced by astronauts. Dizziness and near fainting have been encountered by astronauts after re-entry since the days of John Glenn and its exact cau e is unknown. "Our project was selected," Dr. Farhi explains, "because our question was important, our methodology was valid and we had an excell ent track record - we had many years of field experience." He adds that the UB project was also considered because "it complements and supports nearly all of the other 23 space PHOTI)S: NOWAK, NASA By Bruce S. Kershner shuttle experiments." Dr. Farhi pointed out that the entire mission is a broadminded approach to science as well as a cooperative scientific effort. Another reason why the experiment was selected for the space shuttle is that the equipment is unique because it is non-invasi,·e, i.e., it does not require blood samples from the patient or injection of drugs. Furthermore, it does not require expensive analyses. "We've lived with gravity all our lives, our ancestors have Ji,·ed with it all their Ji,·es, and so it is hard to think of it as a factor that can be changed," Dr. Farhi the space shuttle, and after re-entry. Dr. Farhi will be in Kennedy Space Center, Florida, to assist in on-ground monitoring just before the launch, during the launch and while the shuttle is in space. He will then go to Johnson Space Center in Texas to oversee monitoring during flight and will fly again to Kennedy to perform studies on the crew after re-entry. This will enable him to compare the effect of increased stress associated with the sudden gravitational change, followed by gradual acclimation to zero gra\·ity, followed again by re-acclimation to nor- explained. "Over the course of millenia, we have developed mechanisms that help us push the blood 'upstream; as it were. It is the study of these mechanisms that brings us here today. Clearly, we don't stand erect all the time. \Vhen v\e lie down, these mechanisms are 'turned off so to speak. Thc1·e is also evidence that these mechanisms arc turned off if we don't use them for a period of time. The question is, if these mechanisms arc inactive during flight, what happens to them when you return to earth?" These compensatory mechanisms may become disabled in astronauts who have not had to cope with the effects of gravity, as well as certain patients who have been bedridden for a long time. Dr. Farhl explains his rebreathing apparatus at press conference. (Page opposite} Astronaut using device T he cardiovascular behavior of the astronauts will be investigated before launch, under zero gravity conditions in mal gravity conditions. In actual lab test. It is already known that cardiac outpur increases significantly when there is a drop in gravity. "\\'e haYe a hint that cardiac output slowly decreases as the body gets used to the new condition. But vve don't know exactly what happens during readjustment," Farhi notes. He believes that ca1·diac output drops below normal for some period after re-entry and then finally returns to normal. It is the below normal output that might cause the dizziness and fainting experienced by astronauts. The first day at UB, the astronauts familiarized themselves with equipment and experimental procedures. On Thursday, April 26, they were te ted while at rest, and on Friday. April 27, the experiment was conducted while exercising. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 17 �~ r----------::;~~====~~-------------------------:~~-:;:;;~~~==~ 0 z iii 0 0I 0.. liJpJ Astronaut James Ba(jan on device In lab. limmediately above} MatVaret Seddon breathes Into Instrument as Millie Fulton/ and Dt. Falhllook on. (At tfghtJ Astronaut Seddon In reclining test POSition. 18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Base-line measurements of the astronauts' cardiac, pulmonary and circulatory levels were obtained first. This is because pumping rates and oxygen consumption while exercising are different for each person because everybody has their own physiology and level of fitness. The only time that actual blood samples have been taken for the experiment were for lactic acid blood b:els for the base-line studies. Farhi's apparatus injects a sample of the exhaled gas into a mass spectrometer, where concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen are determined. The de\'ice also measures the volume of inhaled and exhaled gas from the astronauts. The amounts of carbon dioxide and oxygen that are produced and consumed, respectively, arc measured at intervals. From this data, rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation can be compared at rest and at various exercise levels. This data, in turn, enables the researchers to calculate the amount of blood pumped through the lung, the way it is distributed through the lung, and the lung's volume. The six visiting astronauts were James P. Bagian, M.D., mission specialist and coordinator for space shuttle crew equipment; l\1argaret R. Seddon, M.D., mission specialist; and payload specialists Millie H.W. Fulford, Ph.D.; Francis A. Gaffney, l\l.D.; Roben \\'. Phillips, Ph.D., and veterinarian; and Bill Alvin \Villiams, Ph.D. The astronauts come from Philadelphia, San Francisco, Texas, Tennessee, and Colorado. Three payload specialists arc professors outside of their astronaut role, and one is an Environmental Protection Agency research scientist. �ResearchAt the press conference held on April 25, the astronaut all nodded enthusiastically when asked if they were looking forward to going up in space. Dr. Phillips remarked, "Space research is just coming of age. It's a new frontier - and we're just the first of many cicntists that will conduct research in space.~ D r. Phillips summed it up for all of the astronauts when he added, "I think the bottom line i just going along for the ride. Let's face it - it's fun. Almost everybody has dt·eamed of flying in space." Speaking before the packed press conference, Dr. Farhi remarked, "It is only appropriate that you should come to Buffalo, because one of the members of our faculty is rightly con idered to be one of the fathers of aerospace medicine ... About 40 years ago, Dr. Hermann Rahn investigated the possibility of getting to fly as high as 24,000 feet, which at that time was an enormous task. To accomplish this, he was given an "enormous" grant from the Air Force: " 500!" UB's space shuttle project is supported by grants totalling $21/2 million. The Department of Physiology has been working on the subject of gravitational effects on blood for many years. Although the department was among the lirst established when the medical school was founded in 1846, the modern department was developed by Hermann Rahn. Dr. Rahn, among other things, introduced the high altitude chamber. Dr. Farhi is a charter member of the Johns Hopkins Society of Scholars and was named Man of the Year by the WNY Heart Association in 1983. Raised in Lebanon, Farhi, who speak five languages, immigrated after medical school to Palestine in 1946. Four years after the new state of Israel was born, he went to the University of Rochester for post-doctoral training. It was there that he met Hermann Rahn in 1953. After spending several years back in Israel, he was invited by Dr. Rahn (who had by then moved to UB) to join the faculty here in 1958. The pioneering Dr. Rahn was re ponsible for stimulating Dr. Farhi's interest in physiology. "I owe all of my development to Hermann Rahn. I've had other great teachers, too, but he made the greatest difference," Farhi related. Dr. Farhi became chairman of the department in 1982. Development of Farhi's technique has been supported by NASA and by the National Institutes of Health. The space-qualified equipment that will be needed for these measurements is being built in Buffalo by Arvin/Calspan. • Horseshoe crabs May be useful in diagnosing leukemia A n experimental approach which utilizes a substance found in the blood of horseshoe crabs and their relatives, American and Saharan scorpions, appears promising in aiding diagnosis of certain leukemias and some connecti,·e tissue disordet·s in humans. UB immunologist Elias Cohen, Ph.D., who de,·eloped the assay at Roswell Park ~1emorial Institute, says it has potential to assist in diagnosing and monitoring Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and the autoimmune disorder Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Further research, Dr. Cohen adds, is in progress to determine the merit blood cells which indicate effectiveness of medications used in treatment of these conditions," says Dr. Cohen. This assay also ma7 have potential as an adjunct diagnostic tool, he adds. Cell clumping by the horseshoe crab blood was first reported in 1903 by the japanese scientist Noguchi, but it was not until the 1950's that its biomedical importance was ad,·anced. Since then, horseshoe crab blood has been used in pharmaceutical assays for endotoxins produced by bacteria and more recently, as probes of human cellular membrane constituents. It is known that these animal lectins are glyco-proteins which bind to specific carbohydrate-containing receptor sites on human cell surfaces causing the agglutination to occur. Further study is continuitig to determine the nature of the alteration which occurs in the cell membranes of the "hitc blood cells of CLL and SLE patients which promotes their reactions with these lcctins. Also invoh·cd in the studies leading to dC\·elopment of the assay arc Gerardo R. Vasta, Ph.D., now with the Uniwrsit\ of South Carolina School of Mcdicin~ m Charleston and George Ilodi, Ph.D.. of CJe,·eland, Ohio. • S18,000 grant of the a say in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most common connecti,·e tissue disorders. Dr. Cohen is a clinical associate professot· of pathology at UB. The simple, 30-minute assay involves adding lectin, an agglutinin found in blood of the sea creatures, to white blood cells taken from human patients. Normally, the white blood cells which are important in the body's defense system against disease only clump together slightly when added to the lectin. "But when the lectin is added to white blood cells from patients known to have CLL, high levels of clumping or agglutination occur," Dr. Cohen explains. A lower, but still significant level of agglutination occurs in white blood cells taken from SLE patients when combined with lectin from the crabs or scorpions. Research indicates that certain human white cells known as B cells clump more readily than other kinds, such as non activated T cells. Although there arc currently other laboratory tests available to assist in the diagnosis of CLL and SLE, they are more costly and time-consuming than the micro-lectin assay. "Once diagnosis has been confirmed using other tests available, our assay may be helpful in monitoring changes in the white Insures completion of cardiopulmonary project T he james H. Cummings Foundation of Buffalo ha> awarded an 18,000 grant to the Uni,·crsity at Buffalo Foundation to insure completion of a major cardiopulmonary research project. The Cummings grant allowed a matching grant by the Unin~rsity for a total of 36,000. John Bray, UB foundation director of corporate and foundation relations, said, "The Cummings grant was absolutely vital to the work of Dr. Sadis i\1atalon," as>istant professor of physiology, who is working on the "Pathophysiology of Sublethal Oxygen In In· jured Lungs." The research is being funded by a 320,000 grant from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Bray said the fcdnal grant did not allocate monies for the purchase of an automatic gamma counter system necessary for a crucial part of this project. "Without this equipment, Dr. Matalon could not finish the study in a projected time and would have jeopardized the entire grant." This is the second Cummings grant rccci,cd by the UB Foundation for medical equipment purchases. Dr. l\1atalon's research seeks to determine if the current usc of oxygen. used clinically for the correction of various respiratory and cat·diovascular diseases, is in fact causing BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �Researchdamage to m<~or body organs. Dr. ~latalon's previous findings indicate this may be the case. As this organ damage is silent it cannot be detected by routine clinical tests. The results of this medical research promise to offer new awareness on the possible limitations of oxygen treatment of patients with pulmonary disease and perhaps establish safe limits for ib usc. The James H. Cummings Foundation was organized in 1962 for charitable purposes in advancing medical science research and education in the United States and Canada. ~1r. Cummings also established a fellowship at the UB School of Medicine. :V1 r. Cummings founded the American Ferment Company which \Vas later purchased by Sterling Drug. He died in 1959. • Drop in smoking 7 per cent decline noted during 1983 1 he largest drop in cigarette smok- 'T ing ever recorded in a single year" was announced by Dr. Gerald P. :\1urphy at an American Cancer Society Science \Vriters' seminar recently. Dr. Murphy is president of the Cancer Society as well as director of Roswell Park :-. l cmorial Institute and research professor in UB's School of :\1t:dicine. The 7 per cent drop in per capita consumption of cigarettes in 1983 was ac-companied by a slightlv slower rate of increast: in lung nmcer deaths I(Jr men. A Society-sponsored Gallup Poll confirmed recent gon·rnment ligut-cs that the number of American smokers is shrinking. "An accelerating trend awa} from the usc of cigarettes is unmistakable:· Murphy said. By the end of 1983, only 29 per cent of American adults smoked, compared with 37 per cent in 1980. "It represented a decline of 31 billion cigarettes smoked during a 12 month period - an average drop of more than 2 Y2 billion cigarettes a month," Dr. :-.turphy stressed. • brushing and flossing," says Dr. Drinnan. Scraping the tongue, notes Drinnan, not only removes clinging food particles and bacteria but freshens the mouth as well. Noting that many other cultures consider the mouth unclean if the tongue has not been cleaned, Drinnan is unsut·c why the habit has nc,·cr caught on in the U.S. "For centuries, the Orientals have used tongue scraping as part of their oral health routine, as did the ancient Romans," he notes. Indeed, dcnttsts from the Eastern world who come to the U.S. arc usually taken aback that dental practitioners here do not ,., - u~.- · v:y-1. Blood gas analyzer Automatic unit installed A Tongue-scraping Called effective aid in cleaning the mouth S craped your tongue lately? \ou should, according to Alan J. Drinnan, :\1.D., D.D.S., a lJB clinical assistant proll-ssor of medicine and a professor of oral medicine in the School of Dentistry. "Although the tongue occupies about onethird of the oral ca\'ity, most Americans ignore it as if it weren't there when they're busy 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Instead, he recommends that dental patients usc either a tongue scraper especially designed for the purpose which is a,·ailable in the U.S. - or the inverted bowl of an ordinary spoon. It may be a long time bcf(Jre tongue scraping is as rcadil} accepted as a part of oral hygiene as is brushing and flossing, Drinnan concedes, but if more Americans tried it, they'd be surprised at how much cleaner their mouths would be. '·for a nation whose people spend untold dollars each year on mouthrinse, breath mints and other products to freshen the mouth and breath, it seems a bit absurd that one of the simplest and easiest methods to achic'c this goal has been ignored," he comments. • instruct their patients on the line art of tongue scraping. Although many Americans occasional!~ take a swipe at their tongues with the toothbrush, Drinnan recommends other de\ ices as more dfecti\T. "~lost people quite truthfully will ha\e an uncontmllable tenclenn· to activate the gag reflex if they actually. try to brush their tongues," he points out. n automated acid-base blood gas analyzer has been installed in the Pulmonary Function Unit at Millard Fillmore Hospital to replace a manual system that dates back to 1975 . According to Fran Cirbus, chief technologist, blood gas analyzing systems have developed considerably since 1975, and the new system is expected to save technical time and money. The equipment is used to measure pH, carbon dioxide and oxygen from arterial blood samples. In the past, technicians have had to do manual calculatiom of the results, and frequent manual calibrations of the equipment (to make sure the measurements were accurate). The new equipment docs these jobs automatically. Because of this, the system is more accurate and always ready to accept blood samples. Pulmonary technicians will spend less time preparing equipment li:Jr usc, so their time can be devoted to the patient having breathing tests. • �Medical School NewsEarly admissions New program reduces pre-med stress syndrome I ntense pressure and strain have traditionally been unavoidable for premedical students who prepare for and apply to medical school. For some premedical students, this will no longer be necessary now that the UB School of Medicine has established its Early Assurance Program (EAP). For the first time, the program allows premedical students to apply to the School of Medicine in their sophomore year, one to two years earlier than other students. If admitted to the EAP, a student can concentrate more on learning and personal development and less on the uncertainty and stifling competition that many premedical students experience in the junior and senior years. "Conceived of three to four years ago, the program ha finally been brought to fruition," Dr. Thomas]. Guttuso, chairman of the medical school's admission committee, related. Up to ten college sophomores per year will be given formal commitments of admission from the School of Medicine. The first group will enter the school in the fall" of 1986. Initially, the program will involve undergraduates already enrolled at UB. Dr. Guttuso anticipates that the University Honors Program will provide especially talented candidates for the program, though it will not be limited to the e students. Besides relieving the pre ure for medical school admission, the program has other objectives. One major objective is to identify and recruit promising minority students and encourage them to pursue a career in medietne. The program is also intended to enrich and expand undergraduate education by encouraging its students to pursue areas of interest, particularly in the humanities and social sciences, in addition to fulfilling premedical science requirements. It is not designed to accelerate the premedical curriculum, but to enrich the students' selection of courses beyond those in the traditional premedical program. "It will free up the selected students to take non-science cour e which they might not have taken; comments Dr. Guttuso. A particularly attractive aspect to the new program is that students accepted through it will not have to take the day-long Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) required of other medical school applicants. In addition, it will enable tudents to benefit from an early association with medical school faculty advisors and to have acce s to summer research or clinical opportunities. Pursuit of thesis honors will be encouraged. Acceptance will be based on academic performance, aptitude, and demonstrated qualities of leadership. Commitment to human- John Robin (aboveJ is investigator with Dr. Eugene Mindel/ on a study of hlp ImplantS and associated bone and cartilage degen· erat/on In osteoarthritis (story at bottom of page}. istic and societal concerns that are increasingly associated with the practice of medicine will also be assessed. The program is designed to attract future health care leaders. Because only three semester of college academic achievement can be evaluated, applicants must, by the end of their sophomore year, have completed half of the premedical coursework. In return for having seats reserved in entering medical classes, selected undergraduates must fulfill certain requirements to remain in the Early Assurance Program. They must maintain a grade point average of 3.5. They must remain full-time students, complete all premedical requirements, and earn their bachelor's degrees. Also required is that they exhibit a high degree of maturity and emotional tability and display a commitment for a career in medicine. Students admitted through the progi-am must also formally agree that they will not enroll in another medical school. Students interested in the program can pick up applications at the Admissions Office, 133 Farber Hall, Main Street Campus or call (716) 831-3465. • Chair of surgery Endowed by Eckerts T he School of Medicine will get a new chair of surgery for visiting scholar . This i pos ible because of the generous philanthropy of Kenneth H. Eckhert, Sr., M.D., and his wife Marjorie. They have donated a trust of $152,000 to the Buffalo Foundation that will support the new academic chair. Dr. Eckhert earned his B.A. in 1931 and his medical degree in 1935, both from UB. He served on the Medical School's faculty from 1940 to 1981, when he retired to emeritu talus. He was former chief of surgery at Deaconess Hospital and senior cancer research surgeon at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Among his professional and administrative duties, he was past head of the Eric County Medical Society, the American Red Cross (Buffalo Chapter), Social Services Board of Eric County and the Coordinating Council for Health, Hospital and Social Services of Eric County. Significantly, he was the first president of the Health Systems Agency of Western .Y., which was the first H.S.A. to receive approval by the federal government. Both the former Courier-Express and Buffalo Evening News awarded him the title of Man of the Year, in 1961 and 1970 respectively. He also received the Medical School Dean's Award and the Brotherhood Award from the Association of Christians and jews, both in 1968. He remains active in his profession as a member of the Health ystems Agency of 'A'estern .Y. Executive Committee and the N .Y. Statewide Health Coordinating Council. • Zimmer Award For Orthopaedic unit T he University's Department of Orthopaedic Surgery is one of only five such departments across the country selected to receive the first Zimmer Departmental Award from the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 �"We arc delighted by this award," comments Eugene R. Mindel!, M.D., chairman of the department. "We are grateful to Zimmer which contributes generously to the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation, the major supporter of promising research projects which seek to understand the causes of musculo-skeletal injury in disease." The 10,000 grant will support studies of hip implants and associated bone and cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. John Robin, Ph.D., research assistant, will do the investigations in collaboration with Dr. Mindel!. They will study the patho-mechanisms of osteoarthritis of the hip, especially aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The two hope to increase understanding of the basic mechanism of osteoarthritis. The Foundation's new Zimmer awards are underwritten by a grant from Bristol-Myers Company and its Zimmer Inc. subsidiar). Zimmer is a primary manufacturer of orthopaedic implants and related products. The awards were announced by the Foundation's president, Dr. Jorge Galank, chairman of the Rush Medical College's Orthopaedic Department in Chicago. • develop in animals who have either an extremely strong or a correspondingly weak immune response. Within an intermediate range of response, howeyer, the tumors develop and grow. Using the highly carcinogenic chemical methylcholanthrcnc, Dr. Prehn created tumors in genetically identical mice and transplanted them into their identical kin. After irradiating the bone marrow and thymus of the animals to remove their T and B cell producing capabilities, small amounts of increasing immunity were added to the mice via mouse spleen cells. At the lowest titration of spleen cells, the animals did not develop their transplanted tumors any further. , either did the tumors Immune response may be a trigger for it T 22 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Buswell Day Fellows receive certificates, report on research work T Cancer he long-held sun-eillance theory which suggests that cancer d<·vclops as a consequence of the immune system's failure to recognize and subsequently destroy aberrant cells is being actively challenged by a pioneering tumor immunologist who spoke at Bin April. Delivering the 14th Annual Ernest Witebsk) Memorial Lecture, Dr. Richmond T. Prehn said mounting laboratory evidence suggests that instead of its role as a protector, the immune response in some tumor systems may encourage development and growth of malignant tissue. Dr. Prehn conceded that much of the scientific community remains skeptical of the idea that cancer may indeed, sometimes be an autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus and others. But, he adds, there's growing evidence to support the idea that cancer may in fact develop as a consequence of the body's attempt to defend itself. Dr. Prehn, the scientific director of the Institute for Medical Research in San Jose, said the most convincing evidence of cancer as an autoimmune condition is provided by animal research he's conducted during the past decade. In the research, he has demonstrated that transplanted tumors of certain types do not but perhaps only an extension of it." At the close of the lecture, Felix Milgrom, M.D., chairman of the Department of Microbiology, prescntcu the Ernest Witebsky Memorial Awards to three students for proficiency in microbiology. Receiving the awards were Dr. Joong Con Kim, graduate student in microbiology; medical student Mark J. Lodespoto, and dental student Scott J. Seier. • Dr. Richmond T. Prehn proliferate as the "super" immunity levels were reached. But at the intermediate level of immunity, the tumors developed rapidly. Dr. Prehn said that if the surveillance theory were always correct, the mice who received \Cry little immunity via the small amount of spleen cells would have developed the tumors rapidly. Surprisingly, they did not. "We have always believed that the suppression of the immune system which goes aiong with most chemotherapy for cancer is an adverse side effect," says Dr. Prehn. It may well be the very suppression of the fighting T and B lymphocytes of the immune response which leads to the improvement noted in patients who undergo such cancer treatment. Dr. Prehn cautioned, howe,·er, that what he has repeatedly observed in the animal experiments may not hold true for all tumor systems. "What I propose," he said, "is not a complete contradiction of the surveillance theory he culmination of months of research was reached when three Buswell schola· ; received their certificates on Buswell Day, i\.1arch 28, 1984. Dr. John Naughton, dean of the School of Medicine, referred to the Buswell Fellowships "as a first rate program" as he handed certificates to Dr. Myron Siegel, Department of Pediatrics (sponsor: Dr. E. Lebenthal); Dr. David O'Connell, Department of Pathology (sponsor: Dr. R. Heffner) and Dr. Thomas Rossi, Department of Pediatric (sponsor: Dr. E. Lebenthal). Two other physicians completed their fellowships last December and their certificates were mailed to them. They are Dr. Shigehiro Katayama of the Department of Medicine and Dr. John Georgitis of the Department of Pediatrics. Dr. Gcrd J. Cropp, professor of pediatrics and chairman of the Buswell committee, introduced the day-long seminar's speakers. Dr. Siegel described the results from his project which compared the effect of fat and carbohydrate composition on gastric emptying rates in premature infants. He found that long chain fatty acids arc better inhibitors than shorter chain fatty acids. He also concluded that systemic disease clearly affects emptying rates, while body position docs not. \!\'hat isn't clear is the identity and mechanism of the actual osmoreceptor that regulates emptying. "Experimental Allergic Myositis in Rats" was the topic of Dr. O'Connell. Dr. Pradip Rustagi elaborated on his research on antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus, while Dr. Nahid Alavi followed with his description of prostaglandin biosynthesis in rabbit proximal tubular cells. Dr. Rossi compared the effects of continuous and restricted feedings on the recovery of malnourished rats. Interesting problems were encountered by Robert P. Kaye during his research into the effects upon human circulation caused by head-out immersion into different water temperatures. Mr. Kaye found that the immersion process and involuntary floating of 1 J �Medical School News- (From len across top} Buswell Day participants Dr. Genl Cropp, Dr. Myron Siegel, and Dr. Felix Milgrom. (Above} Slide of heart surgerv which illustrated lecture by Dr. Bruce Rabin (lower right}. J the immersed subjects interfered with the impedance electrocardiograph measurements of cardiac output. After repeated attempts and variations, he and his sponsor, Dr. Claes Lundgren, professor of physiology, discovered that the only way to counteract the interference was for the subject to wear a special dry suit. Mr. Kaye is a third year medical student at UB. Introducing the Buswell Day speaker, Bruce S. Rabin, M.D., Ph.D., was Dr. Felix Milgrom, chairman and distinguished professor of microbiology. Dr. Rabin is a past Buswell Fellow and a Buffalo nati,·e, now a sociate professor of pathology and director of clinical immunopathology at the University of Pinsburgh School of Medicine. Dr. Milgrom jested that what distinguished Dr. Rabin was not just his research but that he is one of the few prominent physicians to have done research in Buffalo who was actually born in Buffalo. Dr. Rabin described the state of the art regarding immunological aspects of human heart transplantation. He emphasized that cyclosporine is not the answer - that we need even better immunosuppression for heart transplants. The Buswell Fellowship Program was established in 1955 by Ralph Hochstetter, a pioneer oil producer and life-long Buffalo resident. He bequeathed the fellowship to strengthen medical research at UB and the University of Roche ter. Mr. Hochstetler named the fellowship after his si ter, Bertha, and his brother-in-law, Dr. Henry C. Buswell, a distinguished Buffalo physician considered to be one of"America's foremost diagnosticians of his day." Hochstetter Hall, occupied by the School of Pharmacy and Department of Biology, was named after Ralph Hochstetter. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 23 �Hospital NewsCabbage Patch Dolls Help Children's educate its pediatric patients ''c abbagc Patch Dolls in Medical Service to the Community" That's one way to describe Children's Hospital's unique educational program for its pediatric patients, which uses Cabbage Patch dolls as the main instruments in teaching the youngsters. Having received 43 dolls as Christmas donations from both ew York State Governor Mario Cuomo and Brand Names Stores, the Hospital's Child Life Department decided upon a constructive use for them. They created a different ailment for every doll and treated them with medical dc,·iccs accordingly. This program lends the opportunity to teach the children, as each child can identify with the doll that shares the same illness that he or she has. Popular dolls include the "chemotherapy doll," the "trache doll," the "dialysis doll," and the "doll with the cast." Each doll is fitted with medical equipment resembling that with which patients arc fitted. The concept for this program was developed by Marcia Sarkin. director of the Child Life Department. At present, all of her staff members arc meeting with much success in using this program. Mrs. Sarkin's goal is eventually to train the entire medical staff so the program can be utilized more effectively throughout the hospital. • John Jefferies Resigns hospital post J ohn R. Jefferies, president of the Children's Hospital of Buffalo, announced his resignation 1arch 26 at the Hospital's annual meeting of the Board of Trustees. President of Children's since June of 1977, Mr. Jefferies will be leaving to rejoin his family in Utah, in order to tend to the increasingly serious medical needs of his immediate family. Richard E. Heath, chairman of the Board of Trustees, announced that a search committee has been formed to locate a successor. He said that Mr. Jefferies has made a significant contribution in his seven years in Buffalo, not only to Children's H ospital, but to the Western New York community as a whole. "Mr. Jefferies came to Buffalo at a time when our hospital was in serious distre s. Under his guidance and leadership, Children's Hospital has become an excellent and financially sound teaching medical 24 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN cabbage Patch dolls with splints and l'l's. center that provides the highest quality pediatric and maternal health care." Mr. Jefferies stepped down from his role as president and chief executive officer at Children's on July l. • Man of Year Joseph Paris honored by Vietnam DAV J oseph Paris, director of Buffalo's Veterans Administration Medical Center, is the first recipient of the Man of the Year Award from the Disabled American Veterans, Vietnam Era Memorial Chapter 188. He was presented with the honor on April 29 by Joseph Delmonte, chairman of the veterans organization. The Buffalo News was told that 1r. Paris "docs not have the sort of well-known name that would bring curiosity seekers to the dinncr and sell a lot of extra tickets." Neither is he a political appointee to that important veterans post; instead he worked his way up from a contact reprcsentati,·c in 1946 to the directorship of one of the largest medical centers in the country. A member of the veterans' organization added, 'joe Paris is a disabled veteran himself who won the Silver Star, Purple Heart and other medal while serving in the Army in World War II." One veteran summed it up, 'joe Paris always goes one step further than he has to."• Louis Lazar Retires at Millard D r. Louis Lazar, clinical assistant professor of family medicine and medicine, stepped down a chairman of Millard Fillmore Hospital's Department of Family Practice in January after 12 years of service. "I think young doctors should come along with new ideas," said Dr. Lazar, who at age 65 plans to remain active in the department despite resigning as chairman. "Hopefully, I will continue practicing and consulting for a long time;' he said. Dr. Lazar was instrumental in organizing a separate Department of Family Practice at Millard Fillmore Hospital about ten years ago. Until then it was part of the Department of Internal Medicine. Of his role in establishmg the clinical Department of Family P1·actice, he aid, "It has been most rewarding. All in all I look back at a very pleasant 12 year of building a department from scratch." • (From Mzllard Fillmorr HoJpital\ "Reporter') �StudentsMessage from President of Medical Student Association Another academic year has come to an end. The May 19 commencement marked the start of a new phase for the Class of 1984. Their contributions to the school have been outstanding. I wish them the best in their new endeavors. Over 300 students, faculty and administrators enjoyed an evening of dancing, singing and humor at the Annual Medical School Follies, April 29. Producers Ed Williams and Stu Lerner, and directors Lori Loiacono and Camille Hemlock deserve credit for bringing us a great show. "Murmurs," the Medical School information hotline, is in full operation. Dial 831-3923 for the latest Medical School announcements. The tape is updated each week, so you can leave a message to be placed in the next tape. Orientation for the Class of 1988 will begin August 16. Students are already hard at work planning their welcome. Until then, enjoy the summer. -Alan Stein President, Polity >LU __J __J :::l (/) ::;; =; 12 0 J: !l. 138th Commencement 98 men, 45 women receive M.D. degrees S olemn sounds of "Pomp & Circumstance" filled the air as 143 new physicians silently filled the grand chambers of Kleinhans Music Hall. The restrained smiles that peeked out from beneath green graduating caps gave hints of the relief that the Medical School's Class of 1984 felt after four arduous years. This year's May 19 commencement was the Medical School's 138th and also the last to be held in Kleinhans Music Hall, the traditional location in recent years. ew University policy will require all future commencements to take place on campus. This year's medical degrees were given to 98 men and 45 women. In addition, 18 Ph.D.'s were granted by the Departments of Anatomical Sciences, Microbiology, Biochemistry, Biophysics and Pharmacology. The young physicians will soon be entering their residency programs in 14 states along the Eastern seaboard, Midwest, and Pacific Coast. "This is only a beginning - an important beginning - but also an ending in a long journey for you;' announced Dr. John Naughton, dean of the Medical School and interim vice president for health sciences. "All of us are prod of you and we are certain you will continue your medical accomplishments," Dr. Steven Sample, president of the University, said after congratulating the class. He referred to the great advances in medicine but contrasted them with crises in medicine that are also developing - the high costs, hospital closings, new diseases that emerge even as old ones are conquered. "These new crises are your real opportunities to advance the field of medicine;' Dr. Sample pointed out. "And lastly," Dr. Sample remarked , "let me suggest that you maintain throughout your careers a real thirst for knowledge. Said Einstein, 'The important thing is to not stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing. One cannot help but be in awe when he contemplates the mystery .of eternity, of life, of the marvelous structure of reality. It is enough if one merely tries to comprehend a little every day. ever lose a holy curiosity.' " Selected by his classmates to be this �- The following awards were announced at the Medical School Commencement: II BACCELLI AWARD: Charles L. Shapiro academic excellence in the clinical years ; GILBERT M. BECK MEMORIAL PRIZE IN PSYCHIATRY: Patricia J. Campbell academic excellence I ; BUFFALO SURGICAL SOCIETY PRIZE IN SURGERY: Robert W. Lasek academic excellence - junior, senior years CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL PRIZE: Evelyn D. Hurvitz excellence in understanding disease in childhood DEAN'S AWARD: James A. DeCaprio participation in extra-curricular activities in the Medical School while maintaining a high standard of academic excellence BERNHARDT & SOPHIE B. GOTTLIEB AWARD: Laura Jo Booth expertise in areas outside of Medicine NORMAN HABER MEMORIAL AWARD: Ira J. Schmelkin for proficiency in Otolaryngology i DR. HEINRICH LEONHARDT PRIZE IN SURGERY: Mark W. Anderson academic excellence LIBERMAN AWARD: Raymond G. Graber interest, aptitude in the study of Anesthesiology HANS J. LOWENSTEIN AWARD IN OBSTETRICS: James T. Fink academic excellence .:'1: MAIMONIDES MEDICAL SOCIETY AWARD: Mary T. Caserta proficiency in the basic sciences MEDICAL ALUMNI ASSOCIATION AWARD: Brian McGuinness community commitment DAVID K. MILLER PRIZE IN MEDICINE: John D. Lupiano demonstration of Dr. Miller's approach to caring for the sick competence, humility, humanity NEUROLOGY STUDENT AWARD: William J. Barbaresi academic excellence in clinical Neurology FREDERICK B. WILKES PEDIATRIC AWARD: William J. Barbaresi to the graduating student entering a career in Pediatrics who has best emplified Dr. Wilkes' skills and dedication to patients JOHN R. PAINE AWARD IN SURGERY: Douglas Floccare research of merit in the general field of Surgery MARK A. PETRINO AWARD: Michael P. McMullen demonstrated interest and aptitude for the general practice of Medicine CLYDE L. RANDALL SOCIETY AWARD IN GYNECOLOGYOBSTETRICS: Richard C. Nauheim academic excellence EMILIE DAVIS RODENBERG MEMORIAL AWARD: Kimberly J. Norris academic excellence in study of diabetes, its complications PHILIP P. SANG MEMORIAL AWARD: Charles S. White ability to relate well to patients, faculty and staff MORRIS & SADIE STEIN NEUROANATOMY AWARD: Evelyn D. Hurvitz excellence in Neuroanatomy UPJOHN AWARD: Andrew J. Francis research ability JOHN WATSON AWARD IN MEDICINE: Charles L. Shapiro enthusiasm for and commitment to scholarship in Medicine year's class speaker, Dr. John F. Tokoli referred to the arduous residency programs soon to begin, saying, "Do not think about the rigors that will befall you in six weeks -put those thoughts out of your mind. Today belongs to you and your beloved." Full smiles finally broke out across the faces of his classmate when he mused, "We have learned much, but what we do not know probably fills the bulk of Harrison's textbook." Dr. Tokoli concluded his light-hearted address by describing hi hopes for all the members of his class. Then he added, "And for next year's cia s, we hope the tuition will be less." Dr. Leonard A. Katz, professor of medicine and associate medical director for health maintenance projects of Health Care Plan, Inc., gave the commencement address, "You Can Make A Difference." "You are at a milestone in a journey that for each of you began a long time ago ... and here you are today, officially receiving your M .D. degree;' he said, congratulating them . He introduced the theme of his talk by stating, "I want each of you to believe that wherever you are, and whatever you arc doing, that you can make a difference." Then he continued, "As physicians, you will always be making a difference - in the lives of your patients, in the lives of the families who care about your patients, in the medical communities in which you are working, and in the live of future students, house officers and other physicians. "But in other ways, the ability to make a difference may be less obvious than it seems." D r. Katz suggested orne areas where new doctor can direct their influence, such as reducing the threat of nuclear war ("the ultimate medical hazard") or conquering ancient diseases in present-day poor countries. He also emphasized that, as physicians, they have the responsibility to lead the way by personal example 111 health. He pointed to cigarette smoking, regular exercise and use of seat belts as examples where physicians should make a difference in their own health habits before they can be examples for others. He then quipped, "The very fact that this graduation i taking place in Kleinhans Music Hall is clear testimony to the desire of this class to make a difference!" Dr. Katz related a story about the ancient god of healing Asclepius, who had two daughters. 26 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN J �Students- "One of Asclepius' daughters was named Panacea. She believed that what we really needed to do was treat all the ill people and then every one would be well· in some wavs that's what the Am~rican medical ~ystem has believed until recently. There was another daughter however; her name was Hygeia. Hygeia believed that what we should do is teach people how to live their lives so that they would not become ill. This daughter of Asclepius and the followers of Hygeia are just now beginning to have a major impact on American medicine." Hillel, the quotable Jewish sage and rabbi of 2000 years ago, provided Dr. Katz with his final message: "If I am not for myself, who will be for me? But if I am for myself alone, what am I? And if not now, when?" This year's Medical School yea1·book The Iris was dedicated to Dr. Harold Brody, professor and chairman of the Department of Anatomical Sciences. This is the second time Dr. Brody has been honored in such a way. "For me, this year represents as with you an end and a beginning - an end to my first 30 years at UB and the beginning of my second 30," Dr. Brody commented. He then stressed the need for physicians to continue to develop their sensitivity to human feelings and their ability to genuinely relate to patients. Mere technical ability and knowledge is not enough, Dr. Brody stipulated, because there is a world of difference between a competent doctor and a good doctor. Following his response, Dr. Brody recited the Charge of Maimonides. Dean Naughton led the class in the Oath of Hippocrate and, with Dr. Sample and other prominent faculty members, the conferring of degrees took place, one by one, till all the graduates were seated • again. Scenes trom the Medical School's 13Bth Commencement Include signing the Great Book and receiving the traditional hood. Also pictured: UB President Steven B. 5am· pte who told graduates that medical cttses otter them grand opportunities and Om· mediatelY above} Class SPeaker John F. Talcott. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �.... ~---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Match Day 88 per cent of sen iors get one of top choices S Match Dav: (counterclockwise from top left} 1. Juilv Klevan, Marte Nlgogosvan (center} and Thomas Mahl receive the good news. 2. Maurice J. WOlin (left} and Michael Kwasman congratulate each other. 3. Zlna Ha· Jduczok screams with delight, and 4. Rtzrov Dawkins Cleft} and Kenton Forte. 28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN uspense and silence were quickly replaced by smiles and sighs of relief as UB's fourth-year medical students learned which residency programs they were selected for on Match Day, held \\'ednesday, :\1arch 21. Dr. Dennis , adler, coordinator of the resident matching program and assistant professor of pediatrics, announced the results before a packed audience at the School of l\1edicine. The opening remarks were made by Dr. John Naughton, dean of the school. This year\ matching results were even more successful than last year's. Almost 88 per cent recei\cd one of their first three choices. with roughly two-thirds of those receiving their first choice. Of the remaining eight who were initially unmatched, seven were subsequently accepted for a 1-esidency program. Following their four years of training for their medical degrees, the matching program is second in importance only to commencement for the 132 students invoh·ed. Through the :\lational Resident ~latching Program of E\·anston, Illinois, medical students indicate their preferences for the cities and residency programs for which they want to be selected. Dean's letters of application are submitted and the students arc re\·icwcd and selected by the various programs. A computer then generates the matching results, which are delin·red to the School of :\1edicine. After receiving their medical degrees this May, the students will spend the next 3 to 6 years in dozens of cities across the nation completing the residency training that "ill give them the proper credentials for medical practice. Various hospitals in Buffalo will be the training location for 43 of the students. Besides Dr. adler, other faculty who assisted in preparing the Dean's letters were Drs. Steven Noyes, Margaret McAloon, Murray l\1orphy, Timothy Murphy, Donald Barone, Richard Curran, Herbert joyce, and Daniel 1orelli. • �........................................................................ Honor Society 'B Inducts 29 members 1 allistic Students and Inertial Guidance" was the topic directed toward 29 nev. medical honor society inductees at this year's Alpha Omega Alpha induction held March 13 (see accompanying article). James Holland, M.D., a UB 1edtcal School profe sor for 15 years, mused that as "ballistic students, you will shortlv explode on the medical scene outside ;f school for more training and eventually into the ~ommunities t.~at you \:ill serve." "Inertial gutdance, he satd, "refers to your educational .trajectories of different lengths and hetght. Some few will misfire - loose cannons that are a danger to all within ra~ge. But more of you will touch the stars m splendid arcs, lighting the sky wtth the brilliance of vour achievements." Dr. Holland, an Alpha Omega Alpha member since 194 7, is professor and chairman of Neoplastic Diseases at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New l:ork. He is also pro!Cssor of m~dicine, chief of the Division of Medical Oncology and director of the School's Cancer Center. "The key word (in my lecture) is 'student,' however, because you should_, as a gifted subsegment of the po~ulauon, studv continuouslY and long after your form'a! exit from this University," he urged the third and fourth year medical students. "Education is not a spectator sport but a participatory working encounter. Each patient IS a research problem and you must investigate each as an unknown." Dr. Holland earned his medical degree from Columbia University in 19~7, after attending Pnnceton U mverslty where he was Phi Beta Kappa. Between 1955 and 1970, he served on the faculty of UB's School of Medicine. He received the Lasker Award in cancer chemotherapy in 1972, the A~erican Cancer Society National Award m 1981 and the Columbia University Gold 1edal for distinguished achievements in medicine in 1983. He has been a member of the World Health Organization Expert Advisory Panel on Cancer since 1976. A member of the editorial board ofJAA!A, he is also an associate editor of the American Journal of Medicine's medical oncology section. Coupled with all this administrative activitv, he has published over 407 articles ~r books in the field of cancer. Focusing on the world's major medical problems, Dr. Holland stressed what Dr. James Holland he believed to be the areas most in need of attention and participation by future physicians. The first "is the nuclear insanitv that purports to find greater safety i'n the hair trigger approach. We may be preparing for the final epidemic." He urged all doctors to actively participate in preventing nuclear catastrophe including involvement in the programs of organizations such as Physicians for Social Responsibility. Referring to tobacco consumption, Dr. Holland pointed out, "Every doctor's office should be a battle zone against the cigarette- we have been too inefTectual in fighting this most correctable public health problem which accounts for possibly 25 per cent of deaths each year in this country." Malnutrition he addressed as the third medical problem that should be a primary target of physicians. "We have bulging silos ... but not the social will to distribute the food to large parts of the world rampant with kwashiorkor and starvation," the distinguished visitor continued. The last of the four global medical problems that Dr. Holland urged future doctors to explore was overpopulation "which dooms whole nations to ignorance, poverty and disease." Two days later, first and second year medical students listened to Dr. Holland as he asked them to consider the "other" career option in medicine - medical reseat·ch. Entitling his speech "Rainbows and Pots of Gold," he challenged the future phvsicians to consider "the societal rewards of research (the 'rainbow'), not just the personal rewards of maximum income ('the pot of gold') associated with private practice." Rather than being just a black and white situation, Dr. Holland added, Students.. "research can be conducted in the office, too." Statistical studies comparing different treatments and schedules can contribute measurably to medical science, he indicated. Reiterating the title of his lecture to the freshmen and sophomores, he reminded them that "the real rainbow and the real pot of gold are the learning which continues and the beneficial knowledge which results." The ceremony was moderated by Michael E. Cohen, M.D., AOA advisory committee chairman and acting chairman of eurology. A history of the honor society was detailed by James W. Brennan, M.D., clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology. Inductees heard from William Barbaresi, a local AOA member, has been named to AOA's National Board of Directors. It represents the first time, at least in recent history, that Buffalo has been represented on that body. Ronald B. Boersma, M.D., clinical assistant professor of medicine, conducted the induction ceremony. "Your selection is not a prophecy of vour relative future rank or distinction ~vithin your profession, nor in accomplishment or in public service. It is, rather, svmbolic, both to vou and vour fellow st~dents of the tru~ ideals of the medical profession itself. These ideals are: first of all, moral character above and beyond reproach, for no one is fitted to practice medicine for whom this is not true. ext, but hardly second in importance, does come scholarship," Dr. Boersma stated. The new inductees of 1984 are: Susan Danahy, John Fitzgerald, Douglas Floccare, Kimberly orris, Edward Zane, Benson Zoghlin, James DeCaprio, Richard Rosenfeld, John Fong, Ira Schmelkin, John Lupiano, Thomas Mahl, Andrew Schneider, Charles Shapiro, Mark Steckel, William Barbaresi, Mary Caserta, William Healy, Evelyn Hurvitz, Karen Kimbrell, Colette Pruefer, Charles White, John Fisch, Christopher Lander, John Leddy, Elizabeth Maher, Gerard Nat, Roseann Russo, Timothy Wacker. • Heart scholarship Student awarded $750 A UB minorit) :tudent has been awa.rded an Amencan Heart Assouauon Student Scholarship totalling 750. The School of :\1edicinc sophomore, Eric Dobson, was selected by the national association's Stroke Council Exccuti\T Committee. Thomas R. Price, :\1.D., chairman of the BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 29 �Studentsselection committee, said that the purpose of the award is to support academic training in the field of cerebrovascular disease o\·cr a twelve week period. Mr. Dobson will study stroke in association with sickle cell disease. In particular, he will investigate the early signs of stroke among school age children, such as headaches and increased school behavioral problems. Certain neurolog-ical signs arc exhibited by patients \vith stroke and he will try to correlate the c signs and develop a diagnostic screening tool that might discover early conditions that can lead to stroke. His sponsor will be James R. Humbert, M.D., professor of pediatrics and associate professor of microbiology. He works in Children's Hospital's Hematology-Oncology Department. • Outreach effort In Black community T his year's Student National Medical Association (SNMA) Community Outreach Program was held at the Prince of Peace Temple, Church of God in Christ, Tuesday, March 13. Five second-year medical students, Nilda Salaman, Eric Dobson, Howard Stark, Harry Timothee, and Rubens Pamics, who organized the project, presented a series of lectures covering health topics of particular interest to the Black community. After a question and answer period, the students then offered hypertension screen mg. The MA would like to thank Dr. James Nunn, clinical associate professor of family medicine, for the materials he donated for distribution, and Dr. Maggie Wright, assistant dean for student affairs, for her guidance and support. • Gorman awards Go to 3 students T hree UB medical students were awarded the United Federation of Food and Commercial Workers major scholarshp award, the Patrick E. Gorman Scholarship, March 2. Mr. John Hickey, president of local Chapter 34, presented a 4,000 check to John 1 aughton, M.D., dean of the School of Medicine in a ceremony at Farber Hall. The three medical students receiving the scholarship arc Elizabeth Maher~ Gerard 1 at and Kimberley Norris, all of Buffalo. The scholarship was named after Patrick Gorman, a BufTalo area resident who was the international union's chief executi\e officer for over 50 years. • 3rd world grants Two students win them T hird World Medical Scholarships have been awarded to two UB medical students by the ewman Center Medical Mission. Leslie Burton of Alleg-any, 0/.Y., and Thomas Burns of Williamsville each received At Gorman Scholarship Awanl Ceremonr: (from lett} Dean Naughton, winners KimberlY Norris, 6eranl Nat and Elizabeth Maher; and Mr. John Hlctcey. 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN 1,000 awards that will pay for their trips to Third World nations. Liberia and Brazil arc the likely locations for their medical training during the next semester. The ewman Center Medical Mission B's was established three years ago by Catholic Campus 1inistry Parish to give fourth-year medical students the opportunity to gain experience and credit in poorer countries where medical services arc in need. Besides Liberia and Brazil, the Medical Mission sends its recipients to Mexico, Central America, and Tanzania, Africa. The Medical Mission's board selects individuals for the award after reviewing all applications, transcripts and letters of recommendation. The board has six members, including three UB medical school professors: Johannes Brentjcns, M.D.; Thomas Flanagan, Ph.D.; WilliamJames, M.D.; and Margaret Mary Wagner, UB campus minister. The medical students receive credit through a program at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pa. This credit is then transferred to UB's School of Medicine. • Lisa Hernandez Receives $5,000 award U B minority student, Lisa Hernandez, has been awarded a 1984 Commonwealth Fund Fellowship in Academic Medicine by ational Fellowships, Inc. The B School of Medicine junior is one of 20 who received the 5,000 award across the nation. She will work under the direction of Gerald Logue, M.D., UB professor of medicine and head of the Division of Hematology. The Buffalo General Hospital physician will guide and oversee her work and also help her to apply for postgraduate training programs. Awardccs arc selected for their academic excellence and talent in biomedical research. She will spend 8 to 12 weeks learning the process of scientific investigation and the techniques of bio-medical research. The object of her research is to determine the sensitivity of certain kinds of cells to lysis, or disintegration, by human antibodies. The Commonwealth Fund "will play an important role in increasing minority representation among M.D.-le\·el faculty at the nation's medical schools," says Dr. David E. Rogers, chairman of the selection committee. 0/ational Medical Fellowships is a private, non -profit organization that gives financial assistance to minorities entering the medical profession. The Commonwealth Fund is a philanthropic foundation established in 1918 by Anna M. Harkness to meet society's longterm health care needs. Ms. Hernandez's home is in Staten Island, y • �Alumni- 'We are caught in a time of evolutionary change' Jonas Salk Jonas Salk gives Stockton Kimball Memorial Lecture ''w e are caught in a change of time. We must realize this in order to understand what is happening in our world;' said Dr. Jonas Salk, speaking at the Medical Alumni Association's Spring Clinical Day. "My purpose," he continued, "is to get you to see the events of the world as part of a great evolutionary process, and that humans arc a critical force in that process." The founding director and resident fellow of California's Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Dr. Salk delivered the Stockton Kimball Memorial Lecture at the Medical Alumni Luncheon. In his talk, "Metabiological Medicine; Salk pointed out the many ways in which evolution alters the values, makeup, and attitudes of the world, and why these attitudes must be understood and analyzed. Salk explained to the crowded audience of doctors how the population ex- By Mary Kunz plosion is really part of the broad evolutionary process. "Evolution is not a gradual process;' he said, "but rather punctuated equilibrium. There is a gradual change over a period of time, and then something occurs rather suddenly. I am proposing an evolutionary way of thought for survival. I see that we have become the process of evolution itself. In order for us to survive, it's necessary for us to survive to a point where we see problems in an evolutionary way." One must take into account not only the change in the number of people in the world, Salk urged, but the heightened interdependence between those people. "The world has become one," he said. "The problems of one are the problems of another. These worlds must find a way of resolving the problems that separate them." Salk used charts and example to show how pre-population explosion values and attitudes differed from those demanded by the world's present situation. An emphasis on independence and power, he pointed out, must shift to an emphasis on collaboration, since people have been brought closer together. Short-range concepts must give way to long-range and, instead of thinking of "parts; people must consider the "whole." Independence changes to interdependence, winning and losing become far less important and the focus changes to a striving for mutual benefit. "When everyone thought the world was Oat, and then everyone learned it was round, it was a perceptual change, unchanged in reality," Salk explained. "The change I'm referring to is not a perceptual change, but a change in reality; a change in 1·elationships, of man to man, and of man to self." Here, he said, "we begin to see value changes brought about by this change in reality." If the world is destined to survive, Salk implied, it would have no choice BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �~------~----------------------------------------------------------------------· but to accept the necessary changes in thought. As an example, he noted that the prevalence of nuclear weapons demands cooperation between nations. "The time will come," the scientist predicted, "when it will be necessary to find another philosophical basis for the world to continue, because of the impossibility of continuing with the antagonism that exists now." Salk described the three phases of earth's evolution: the physical sphere (or "pre-biological evolution;' before life), the biosphere, and the metabiosphere. As the addition of"lifc" marked the difference between the physical sphere and the biosphere, so the gaining of "consciousness" determined the change from the biosphere to the metabiosphere, the phase in which we are currently living. The metabiospherc, Salk said, is characterized by the emergence of human mind and culture. The emergence of consciousness marked the appearance of a complexity previously unseen in the evolutionary process, Salk pointed out. He noted that the unit of the physical sphere was simply the atom, and the unit of the biosphere was the cell, but that the unit of the metabiosphere is the mind. In this sphere, he said, we must resolve not simply the duality between nucleus and electrons, or gene and cell, but the balance between reason and intuition. "We know a great deal about prebiological and biological evolution, but little of metabiological evolution;' Salk said. "We can deal with atoms or cells, but few understand much about the mind. We are in need of wisdom in order to make appropriate choices:' The key to survival, he theorized, is to understand the evolutionary changes in the world and to sec the world in a broad, univcr a! sense. "I've tried today to suggest a need for looking into the future;' he concluded, "and a need to contribute to its outcome. We must guide human evolution, from a sense of responsibility for both today, and for future generations." • Clinical Day Herpes, AIDS experts on program ' 'T By Bruce S. Kershner he herpes virus has been found throughout almost all the phyla of the earth, including plants;' announced Andre ]. Nahmias, M.D. "It is not new, even as a sexually transmitted disease. What is 32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN new i the new strain (Type II) that has spread in epidemic proportions predominantly through sexual transmission." Dr. Nahmias was the first of the guest speakers at the 47th Annual Spring Clinical Day sponsored by the UB Medical Alumni Association and Continuing Medical Education. It was held Saturday, May 5, 1984, in the Buffalo Marriott Inn before a record audience of over 300 medical alumni and faculty. Doctor Nahmias took the opportunity to inform the physician audience of the known facts about the disease which was "picked up" by the press in an emotional atmosphere before it was suddenly replaced by AIDS. A national expert in herpes, Dr. ahmias is one of the 29 most cited virologists. He is professor of pediatrics and pathology and chief of the Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Ga. Reviewing the history of the disease, Dr. Nahmias said it was first described in 1736, "by a Frenchman, of course." Its sexual transmission was confirmed in 1965 and the first organization to assist its victims was established in 1978. Herpes, Dr. ahmias pointed out, does have some not-yet-understood correlation with certain types of cancer. For instance, patients with cervical cancer have a high frequency of Herpes Simplex Virus II antibodies. And the virus has been demonstrated to cause cancer in vitro and in laboratorv animals. Not widely known is tha't Type I ("cold so1·e type") and Type II ("genital herpes") occur almost anywhere on the human body, including the eye and brain. Dr. Nahmias warned about making as- Andre J. Nahmias sumptions based on the location of herpes infections. Non-genital herpes infections are predominantly Type I, but one to seven per cent of such cases are Type II. When, however, one looks at the figures for herpes infections in nongenital areas below the waist or on the limbs, Type II is present 49 per cent to 91 per cent of the time. Dr. ahmias related another warning, "Herpes Simplex Virus on the mouth or genitals of children does not necessarily mean sexual abuse." Even infants born with herpes infection may have Type I. This does not, however, change the fact that mortality rates associated with neonatal herpes infections are still high. Because of the chance of error in diagnosing Type II infections, "laboratory confirmation is necessary before diagnosing herpes because a mistake will clearly result in psychological trauma;' he emphasized. Caesarian delivery should certainly be performed on women with active herpes, Dr. Nahmias explained, because the neonatal infection rate with vaginal delivery is 500 per 10,000. But it may not be recommended for women with past infections because of the much lower chance of neonatal infections (10 per 10,000). Dr. ahmias concluded with the most recent breakthrough in herpes: the development of a herpes vaccine for animals by microbiologist Enzo Paoletti, Ph.D., a 1971 UB alumnus. It was accomplished through gene splicing at the ew York State Health Department's Center for Laboratories and Research in Albany. �·-------------------------------------------------------------- AlumniA n overview of AIDS and one of its as ociated diseases, Kaposi's sarcoma, was presented by Alvin E. Friedman-Kien, M.D., professor of dermatology and microbiology at ew York University Medical Center. One of the earliest physicians to encounter the new disease, Dr. Friedman-Kien described his experience with the first puzzling cases of AIDS that appeared in New York City. Classic Kaposi's sarcoma, first described by Morris Kaposi in 1872, is a usually non-fatal disease of elderly Jewish and Italian men and typically appears on the lower extremities. Very rare, only 500 cases have been reported. Researchers realized only in retrospect that the development of AIDS may have some connection to the sudden appearance in the 1960's of a virulent and lethal form of Kaposi's sarcoma in Africa. At the time it was not known that its victims were also significantly immunosuppressed. In addition, he added, "high amounts of cytomegalovirus occurred in the Africans but not in the classical Kaposi's sarcoma form." Dr. Friedman-Kien does not" know how to explain the sudden occurrence of AIDS. "It was not just that it wasn't reported adequately or not recognized. It really did not exist in any measurable way until 1980;' he stated. He recalled how the first cases of the new skin cancer that he and other physicians saw were all restricted to ew York City and all to highly promiscuous homosexuals. The Yale graduate explained the different implications of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma and AIDS-related opportunistic infections. The opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii, not Kaposi's sarcoma, kill AIDS patients, though the skin cancer does get worse as the infections take over. "80 per cent of AIDS/Kaposi's sarcoma patients without opportunistic infections survive, while the survival rate is zero after three years for AIDS patients with such infections. In fact, AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma are relatively healthy compared to tho e with opportuni tic infections," he commented. AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma can occur virtually anywhere, including the eye, ears and brain. "Its occurrence on the genitals and mouth causes us to suspect sexual transmittance," he remarked. He noted that Kaposi's sarcoma in the mouth is very common and usually means that it is also present in the esophagus, stomach and colon. He rejects the notion that lymphadenopathy among homosexuals and intravenous drug users represents a lAboveJ Rrst prize winner In the exhibit display at Spring Clinical Day b¥ Dr. David Rowland, But· talo General HOSPital. (Below} Physicians view exhibits at the Marriott. en 0 ~ 0 in 5 J: ~ ~------------------------~ ~nother successful event' Spring Clinical Day draws record turnout of 340 1st Prize: Clinical Application 1 e had another successful event 'W and an impressive turnout of 340, the largest in our history," outgoing Medical Alumni Association pt·esident Dr. E. :\1ichael Sulli' an (:\1'63) said of this year's Spring C-linical Day and Alumni Reunions. "In particular. we noticed the large number of out-of-towners, as well as local physicians, both alumni and non-alumni. The alumni reunions were really enjoyable and memorable," he remarked. The Class of'3+ celebrated their 50th Reunion by also contributing the largest class gift, almost 8,000. Besides the reunions and the distinguished speakers (see accompanying articles). 16 medical exhibits were displayed at the May 5 event. Prizes went to the following: of Digital Subtraction Angiography bv David Rowland, M.D., Angiology Staff, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Buffalo General Hospital. 2nd Prize: ;\luclear :\1agnetic Resonance Imaging, bv William R. Kinkel, :\1.D.. I. Polachini, M.D., Dent Neurologic Institute. 3rd Prize: Pseudo-Aphakia 40 Years Later, by Joseph F. Monte, :\1.D., Department of Ophthalmologv, Buffalo General Ho·pital. The incoming alumni association president is Dr. Carmelo Armenia (:\1'4-9). He is UB clinical associate professor of gyn-ob at Buffalo General Hospital and a past president of the Eric Count) Medical Society. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �precursor or early form of AID . He believes, instead, that the mild condition may actually be the true form of AIDS and that lethal AIDS is the extreme form. The reason why the AIDS-prone population is overwhelmingly homosexual is still unclear, he said. But researchers are surprised to have recently discovered that the majority of healthy homosexuals have abnormal immune systems compared to the heterosexual population. As a group, their T-helper cells are mildly depressed compared to their Tsuppressor cells. This is similar to, though far less extreme than, that of homosexuals with AIDS. He cannot explain this alarming finding. Although AIDS has been acquired in 40 blood transfusion cases among nontarget groups, he still considers it unlikely that it is really transfusion-related. And finally, he rea ured the audience that no AIDS has been transmitted through routine contact with health care workers. "D arwin entirely changed medicine when he said that biology was largely the science of populations and probabilities," said one of America's most prominent public health scientists, Irving J. Selikoff, M.D. He is profe or of community medicine and professor of medicine, as well as director of the Environmental Sciences Laboratory at City University's Mount Sinai School of Medicine. With statistics and population studies forming much of the basis of medicine, C/l 0 ~ 0 in § I a. 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Alvin E. Frledman·Kien Dr. Selikoff reviewed the history of diseases. He demonstrated how the world's major killers have, one by one, been cured, controlled or decreased in their health effect. "The trend has been toward fewer deaths even for the modern killers of heart disease and stroke. The only major exception is for cancer, which rose 8. 7 per cent from 1973 to 1977," the award-winning researcher stated. Population studies began to indicate more and more that environmental differences were responsible for the trend. Cancer frequencies for certain organs differ from country to country. Cultural differences in exposure to carcinogens, not genetic differences, are the explanation, he said. This is clear because immigrants from a country of low stomach or lung cancer frequency are found to share the same higher frequencies as that of their new country. Although dietary and occupational differences (such as asbestos exposure) play a role, Dr. Selikoff made it very clear that cigarettes are the single greatest cause of population differences in cancer. He introduced the ubject of toxic hazards by relating a story. After Reagan's Environmental Protection Agency administrator left in disgrace over toxic waste cleanup, the new administrator called Selikoff and asked him, "How can I get top scientists to join an admini tration that wants to sell the Grand Canyon and buy Times Beach?" Dr. Selikoff didn't have a good answer. Then he quipped to the audience, "It turns out they didn't sell the Grand Canyon, but they did buy Times Beach!" Turning serious, he said, "America now has 22,000 toxic waste site and 14,000 school have friable asbestos. We also invest 300,000 new chemicals each year at the rate of 70 per hour'" Why is this so serious? Because far less than one per cent of these chemicals have been studied for their effects on humans. He emphasized that that means we arc adding a new environmental factor that could increase the frequency of cancer. Most disturbing is that, based on the "20 year effect;' the health effects of these new chemicals may not show up for a generation. • �Alumni- Senior Reception Held at Albright-Knox Clockwise from top lett: 1. Dr. David PfaiZBr (lett) and Alumni President Dr. E. Michael Sullivan. 2. (L to RJ Drs. Deborah Silberman, Joseph carrese, Richard Elman, Mrs. Elman and Marc KDIIIIclc. 3. Dean John Naufl/ltDn (rtght), Mrs. Naufl/ltDn (cenrerJ and guest. 4. to RJ Drs. carmello Armenia, James PhilliPS, John Richert (back to camera}, Mrs. PhilliPS. 5. to RJ Drs. Fred lbnem, Andy Tantcenbaum, Deborah Silberman, John McLaughlin (face partly hidden}, Richard Rosenfeld, and Eveline Jtaeger. 6. to RJ Mrs. Charles Tanner, Dr. l.Bon Farhl (center} and Dr. Tanner en· /or the roast beet. 7. Dr. John Drster (center} and trtentls en/or strolling musicians. a a a �Call the cops This physician did when 'Dr. Hirsh' called him By Harry Metcalf, M.D. Clinical Associate Professor of Family Medicine M y curiosity was piqued when my receptionist announced that a Dr. Hirsh was calling from ew Orleans. I knew a doctor by that name, but he was in the next room - one of my partners. A honeyed voice you could coat Southern fried chicken with lilted, "One moment, Dr. Metcalf, for Dr. Hirsh." At first, it appeared a simple case of professional courtesy. ("A patient of mine with disk disea e left for Buffalo without hi medication. Could you pre cribe a few days' supply of morphine and orgesic to tide him over till he returns home?") But when I questioned Hirsh further, his knowledge of his patient's condition was gauze-thin, and when I carefully told him that the story didn't ound credible, he didn't know what "credible" meant. That clinched it. I bade him goodbye. Then, to doublecheck, I phoned the office number he'd given me and got a phone booth. Filled with good-citizenly indignation, I reported the episode to the police, the county medical society, and my partners - one of whom, receiving a similar call two days later, responded as I had. Two weeks later, a story in the Buffalo News reported that several doctors in our region had fallen for the ruse, and that the "perpetrators" had escaped. One year later: The phone rang again - this time a "Dr. Berman calling from ew Orleans." Suspiciously, there wa n't even a secretary as intermediary this time. The doctor asked me to prescribe dimethyl morphine for a visiting patient with disk disease, but he repeatedly tripped over it pronunciation and didn't know the difference between grains and grams. "Dr. Berman:' I said, thinking to myself that it was time to do something about this, "I'll be happy to help your patient. Have him come to my office at 5 o'clock." It was almost 4 and I immediately phoned the police narcotics squad. I was keyed up and ready to help bust what could be a nationwide drug ring using doctors as dupes. A detective listened dutifully but gave me the distinct impres ion he did not view this as the ILLUSTRATION: KARL KOTAS �-~------------------------------------------------------------ Peoplecrime of the century. He said he would check to see if anyone was free to come to my office at the appointed time, but (yawn) he doubted it. The minutes ticked away. I treated other patients uneasily. The phone rang. o luck, sir - everyone is tied up. I suggested the police precinct closer to our office. More minutes raced by. It's 4:45 and my anxiety grew. I had set a trap for an addict. Was it about to spring shut on me? The narcotics officer called again. Nope, no detectives free there either. Now I was getting desperate. "Look;' I pleaded, "couldn't you pry a squad car free just in case the suspect shows up? If this guy is hostile and armed and I refuse him drugs, I could buy the farm right there." It was 5 p.m. The suspect was due and still no sign of the police. But 10 minutes later, two burly officers in blue arrive and my galloping pulse slowed down to a canter. I lodged them in a nearby examining room. Five minutes later, an unexpected development: A young woman arrived to pick up the Rx. I explained that it is illegal for me to" give a narcotic prescription to anyone but the person it's intended for, and she volunteered to return with the patient in half an hour. Much to my surprise, in just 10 minutes (he must have been waiting in the car), she did. A man in his early 30s, he came in hunkered over, favoring his left leg, and eased himself gingerly into a chair as though in extremis. Lo and behold, when I got him on the examining table, I found a scar in the lumbar region that is clearly a memento of disk surgery. B ut when I asked what hospital in New Orleans the surgery was performed in and who the surgeon was, he mumbled. He and his companion grew more nervous by the minute. I excused myself - "to get my prescription pad" - and returned with a police escort. The girl's eyes saucered. The man's hand shaked as he reached into his pocket for the identification the officers requested. I was amazed to see how quickly his back had straightened out. He quickly admitted his story was false, that his surgery was, in fact, performed right here in Buffalo. I offered to hospitalize him to get the help needed to handle his disk or pain problem. He refused. What happened next stunned me. The officers warned him that should he be involved in a similar episode ch arges will be placed. Then they told the couple they were free to go. "You mean;' I asked incredulously, "that all I've done is waste my time?" "Well;' explained an officer, "his ID checks out. If it didn't - if he'd been using a false name to get the morphine we would have had a case." He went on to say that even if I'd examined the man and written a prescription, that would have been perfectly legal, despite the fact that a phony doctor's call brought him to my office. Would I do it again? Remembering how hard it was to get police cooperation, probably not. ext time I'm suspicious of someone asking for drugs, I'll just refuse him. But either way, the point for all of us to remember is this: Don't take courtesy-request calls on faith from doctors you don't know. (Post-script: Dr. Metcalfs article was followed by a warning notice in the Bulletin of the Erie County Medical Society. Several more reports of this drug ruse occurred in the Buffalo area before the incidents ceased.) • (Copyright <£ and published by Medical Economics Company, Inc. at Oradell, N.J. 07649. Reprinted by permission.) Asthma call-in UB physicians participated T he first national call-in television show on asthma and allergies ever to be aired occurred May 7 on Lifetime Cable etwork, A panel of ten UB physicians answered questions for "Asthma/Allergy Update '84," carried by International Cable, CableScope and 1 iagara Frontier Cable. The doctors, selected by Dr. Elliott Middleton, professor of medicine and pediatrics, for their international reputations as allergy specialists included six from UB's Department of Medicine (Drs. Robert Reisman, Andrew Green, John Kent , Michael Tronolone, Marie Kunz, and Michael Fanning) and four from the Department of Pediatrics (Drs. ElliotT. Ellis, Steven Grabiec, Madeline Lillie, and James Cumella). The program was organized by the director of the Asthma Self Management Program Dr. Michelle Alexander who believes there is a genuine need for the update since "10-12 per cent of the children in the country have asthma and double that have allergies. It's a big problem," she said. In response to a letter that was sent out by Lifetime Cable, the ational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases contacted Alexander and asked her if she would organize the "call-in." Alexander, in turn, arranged studio time with Lifetime Cable. "Asthma/Allergy Update '84" was produc- ed in cooperation with the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology, the American College of Allergists, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Sponsored by Searle Laboratories, the program was the most comprehensive television program to be yet produced on the topics of asthma and allergies. • THE INTERNATIONAL AWARD OF MERIT WAS recently awarded to Joel M. Bernstein, M.D., Ph.D., by the Belgian-Dutch Society on Allergy in Otorhinolaryngology. Dr. Bernstein is assistant professor of otolaryngology and pediatrics at UB. He received the honor for his pioneer work and sustained research on the role of allergy and other immunological processes· in otitis media with effusion, an inflammation and infection of the middle ear marked by drainage of fluid. The award was presented April II, 1984, in The Hague, the 1 etherlands. Dr. Bernstein subsequently spoke at the First International Symposium on Immunology and Otolaryngology in Utrecht, the etherlands. After earning his bachelor's degree from Harvard in 195 7, Dr. Bernstein received his medical degree in 1961 and his Ph.D. in microbiology in 1979, both from UB. He is a Buffalo native. Elected to Alpha Omega Alpha, the medical honor society, Bernstein has received other awards in the past, including being named as one of the Fifteen Outstanding Pediatric Otologists in the country by LadieJ Home journal in 1981. A member of the Eric County, New York State and American Medical societies, he also belongs to the Pan American Medical Association, the American Audiology Society, and is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. • DR. PHILLIP ZEIDENBERG , RESEARCH ASSOciate professor of psychiatry and acting director of the Research Institute on Alcoholism, has been awarded a 20,000 grant from the Research Foundation of State University of ew York. The educational training grant will be used to provide financial stipends to four graduate students who are working on collaborative research projects with faculty from the School of Medicine and the Department of Psychology. • DR. SEBASTIAN G. CIANCIO, CLINICAL PROfessor of pharmacology and therapeutics in the School of Medicine, as well as professor and chairman of the Dental School's Department of Periodontics, received a citation from the Pharmacology and Therapeutics Division of the International and American Association for Dental Research for a decade of service. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 37 �FIFTY YEARS AGO, FREDERICK NEUBURGER earned his medical degree from the University of Vienna. On February 27, he was honored at a luncheon for his five decades of distinguished and dedicated service in otolaryngology by the Austrian Consul and the UB School of Medicine. Dr. Neuburger, clinical associate professor emeritus of otolaryngology, was presented with a renewal of his diploma in commemoration of the original parchment from the University of Vienna. John Lon!, chairman and professor of otolaryngology, handed him a striking blue commemorative plaque in appreciation of his teaching and contribution to the department. He was also acknowledged for his special contribution to the Institute for the History of Medicine, which his late father had founded. After earning his medical degree and spending four years as surgical resident at the University of Vienna, Dr. Neuburger came to the United States in 1938. After residencies in otolaryngology in New York, he came to Buffalo General Hospital and Children's Hospital. He served in the armed forces for three years in an overseas evacuation hospital and at Walter Reed Memorial Hospital in Washington. He has been in private practice continuously since 1947. His commemorative plaque reads: "To Frederick K. Neuburger, M.D., in recognition of 50 years of dedication to the practice, teaching and academic contributions to otolaryngology at SUNY at Buffalo and affiliated hospitals. This appreciation is shared by the thousands of patients, residents and students who have benefitted by his skills and warm hearted understanding." • Cancer Society's 26th Annual Science Writers' Seminar, held April 1-4, in Daytona Beach, Florida. Dr. Sandberg's·presentation "Chromosomes and Cancer" traced the developments made in establishing chromosomal changes in human leukemias and cancers, and the role of oncogenes (cancer genes) in human cancer. • Avery A. Sandberg John E. Fisher DR. JOHN E. FISHER, CLINICAL ASSOCIATE professor of pathology and pediatrics, has been appointed the first chairman of the Standing Distinctions and Awards Committee of the newly reorganized Society for Pediatric Pathology. Before its reorganization, the group was known as the Pediatric Pathology Club. He has also been elected president of the hospital medical board of Children's Hospital in Buffalo. Also pathology director at the hospital, he was recently elected secretary of the Western ew York Society of Pathologists. • DR. LAWRENCE JACOBS WAS INVITED TO BE principal guest speaker at the dedication of the neuroscience center at the Geisenger Medical Center, Danville, PA, on March 29. He is on the faculty of the Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology and Physiology. Dr. Jacob's address included his experience at the Dent eurologic Institute. He spoke on treatment of multiple sclerosis patients with interferon, and the study of some of these patients using uclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Dr. Jacobs and his family were also honored April 5 by Medaille College. They were presented with the john Peter Medaille Award for their involvement in numerous community organizations 111 the area. • fessor of surgery and Roswell Park researcher, received a 45,147 grant from the ationa! Cancer Institute to study early colorectal cancer therapy. • DR. BARRY ECKERT, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR fe sor of medicine and chief of the Genetics & Endocrinology Department at Roswell Park Memorial I nstitute, was among 30 cancer investigators featured at the American 38 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN DR. SABINA SOBEL, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR of anatomy, has been invited to present her work at a satellite symposium of the International Congress of Cell Biologists, August 23-24, in Tokyo, Japan. This symposium will be concerned with factors of mammalian reproduction and early de,·clopment. • DR. HAROLD BRODY, PROFESSOR AND CHAIR- DR. E. DOUGLAS HOLYOKE, RESEARCH PRO· Frederick Neuburger DR. AVERY A. SANDBERG , RESEARCH PRO· the fields of anatomy, experimental pathology, tumor biology, cellular aging and cell differentiation. Dr. Eckert currently holds an Established lnvestigatorship supported by the American Heart Association. • of anatomy, was invited by the N.Y. Academy of Sciences to speak at a conference .on "Internal Filaments: Structures in Search of a Function," held in New York City, May 21-23. Internal filaments are key elements of the cyto-skeletal architecture in most eukaryotic cells and arc of concern to cell biologists in man of the Department of Anatomical Sciences, has been appointed chairman of the publications committee of the Gerontological Society of America until 1986. A former president of the society, Dr. Brody was also editor-in-chief of thejoumal of Gerontology from 1975 to 1981. • DR. JOHN NAUGHTON , DEAN OF THE UB School of Medicine and interim vice president for health sciences, was named "Volunteer of the Year" at the annual assembly of the American Heart Association's Western New York Chapter. The award, one of the highest honors an A.H.A. chapter can bestow, is presented annually to the individual whose contributions during the previous year enabled the chapter to fulfill its program and service obligations to the community and work toward its ultimate goal: "To reduce premature death and Dean Naughton receives VOlunteer at the from Bonnie Hadden. ~r Awarrl disability from cardiovascular diseases." Bonnie Hadden of the A.H.A:s New York State Affiliate presented him with a Revere aughton received the award bowl. "Dr. because of his contributions in time, talent, organization and leadership," an A.H.A. spokesperson said. • DR. FRANCIS KLOCKE , PROFESSOR OF MEDIcine and physiology, has been named vice chairman of the American Heart Association's ational Council on Circulation. He serves as Erie County Medical Center's chief of cardiology. • DR. ENRICO MIHICH , RESEARCH PROFESSOR of pharmacology and therapeutics and director of Roswell Park's Experimental Therapeutics Department, will serve on the pro- �Peoplegram committee of the 14th International Cancer Congress, to be held in 1986 m Budapest, Hungary. • DR. GIUSEPPE ANDRES, PROFESSOR OF MIcrobiology, recently presented two overseas lectures. He spoke on "Recent View Concerning Autoimmune Renal Diseases" at the University of Bologna Medical School, Italy, and on immune complex diseases and the spleen in Hopital Cantonal Universitaire de Geneve, Basel, Switzerland. • DR. ALAN THOMAS AQUILINA, ASSISTANT professor of medicine, has been elected to Fellowship in the 60,000-member American College of Surgeons. Dr. Aquilina, a specialist in pulmonary medicine, was honored during the convocation ceremony at the College's Annual Session in Atlanta, April 26-29. Dr. Aquilina is one of 16,000 physicians honored with Fellowship in the College - about 250 have been elected this year. A 1974 graduate of niversity of Rochester School of Medicine, he has been in Buffalo for six years and is on the staff of the Erie County Medical Center. • DR. PHILIP T. LoVERDE , ASSOCIATE PROFESsor of microbiology, was appointed to a special study section of the ational Institutes of Health to review grant proposals of members of the Tropical Medicine and Parasitology Study Section. • DR. CLARA AMBRUS, RESEARCH PROFESSOR of pediatrics and Roswell Park researcher, was granted 22,727 from the March of Dimes to study the usc of enzyme reactors in managing phenylketonuria. • DR. JAMES LEE, PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE, was invited to present an update on essential hypertension at the 8th annual medical symposium held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He is also Erie County Medical Center's director of hypertension services and medical director of the skilled nursing facility. • T cell network. He also lectured on interferon treatment of lymphoproliferativc malignancies at the 13th International Congress of Chemotherapy, Vienna, Austria, last September. • DR. MAREK B. ZALESKI , PROFESSOR OF MIcrobiology, spoke at the Fifth International Congress of Immunology, Kyoto, Japan, last August, 1983, on immunosuppression and genetics. He was also invited to be editor/advisor for immunogenetics publications, Marcell Dekka, Inc. • DR. GERALD P. MURPHY, RESEARCH PROFESsor of urology and director of Roswell Park Memorial Institute, received a Public Service Award from the State University of Buffalo Alumni Association on March 21 in Buffalo. Dr. Murphy was also awarded an Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws from Daemen College, Buffalo, at their Kleinhans Music Hall commencement May 13. • DR. ELLIOT ELLIS, PROFESSOR AND CHAIRman of the Department of Pediatrics, spoke on childhood asthma at the ParkeDavis/Creighton School of Medicine seminar in Las Hadas, Mexico, December 1983. • DR. JOSEPH J. WINIECKI , CLINICAL INSTRUCtor in medicine, was named "Person of the Year - 1983" by the Foundation of the Deaconess Hospital. Willard G. Fischer, M.D., president of the Foundation, prcsente<;l Dr. Winiecki with the award. Dr. Winiecki, a member of the Buffalo General/Deaconess Hospital medical staff since 1965, has actively served on the Foundation's Board of Directors. He served as president of the Buffalo General Hospital Medical Staff in 1980. The award for the "Deaconess Person of the Year" is given in recognition of an individual's outstanding contributions to the Deaconess Hospital Division of Buffalo General Hospital and the community it serves. Dr. Winiecki received his M.D. from Georgetown Medical School, Washington, D.C. in 1953. • DR. GABOR MARKUS, RESEARCH PROFESSOR of biochemistry and Roswell Park Memorial Institute researcher, received a 76,000 grant from the American Cancer Society to study plasminogen activators and related proteases • in human tumors. DR. HAROLD 0. DOUGLASS, JR., RESEARCH associate professor of surgery and Roswell Park researcher, received a grant from the National Cancer Institute for 89,844 to study effective gastric and pancreatic cancer treatments. • DR. HOWARD OZER, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR of medicine and microbiology, spoke in Sapporo, Japan, on human immunoregulatory Joseph J. Winiecki Sateesh K. Satchidanand DR. SATEESH K. SATCHJDANAND, ASSISTANT professor of pathology and a pathologist at Buffalo General Hospital, has been elected president of the Western New York Society of Pathologists. • James P. Nolan JUST APPOINTED TO THE PRESTIGIOUS POSItion of Governor-Elect of the American College of Physicians, Upstate ew York Region, is James P. Nolan, M.D. He is professor and chairman of the University's Department of Medicine. Founded in 1915, the 60,000 member American College of Physicians is a national medical specialty organization for doctors in internal medicine. Through rigorous membership requirements, continuing medical education and contact with health care providers, it works to upgrade the quality of medical care, education and research. On the UB School of Medicine faculty for 21 years, Dr. Nolan is also director of Erie County Medical Center's Department of Medicine. He is chairman of the board and president of Research for Health in Erie County, In c. and provides leadership in a wide range of university and academic affairs. Dr. olan is past president of the Buffalo General Hospital medical staff and has served on the editorial advisory board of the Journal of Medicine (Experimental and Clinical). A Yale graduate, he is widely recognized for his pioneering research in liver disease and the effects of endotoxins. Endotoxins are cell wall components formed by the death of certain bacteria which are normally found in large amounts in the intestines. Dr. Nolan has discovered that these toxins appear to be responsible for liver disease when the liver is adversely affected by alcoho lism or hepatitis. He has found that conventional antibiotics may actually worsen some liver diseases because they increase endotoxins. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 39 �God & medicine Nun-surgeon active in group for clerical/religious MDs I By Bruce S. Kershner s there a doctor in the (retreat) house? For Sister Marguerite Dynski (M'75) and her physician-clergy associates, the answer would be a resounding "yes!" In the first such gathering of its kind, 25 nuns and priests who are physicians or medical students gathered together for a five-day workshop-retreat in Blue Point in Long Island, .Y., last October 21. The participants represented various Catholic orders coast-to-coast and in Canada. Citing the need to have networks of support, friends who understand and share their ideas, and the opportunity to pray together and as individuals, Dr. Dynski proclaimed the gathering a successful event. "The time is right because many of us were just getting into our practices and there is a need now for us to talk to one another. We're in it together and we're a positive force and didn't realize it." Dr. Dynski added, "By meeting here like this, I feel we're pioneering!' For many of the participants, it was the first opportunity to meet with other clergy-physicians. One colleague said, "It's like going through life thinking you were an orphan and then finding out you have brothers and sisters!' Dr. Dynski plays a primary role in the Association of Religious and Clerical Physicians which organized the historic meeting. She is the editor of the newsletter Lifeline, which serve as the communications link for the farflung network of members. She is a physician at Rochester General Hospital, .Y. Fifty years ago, such a meeting would have been impossible. Until 1935, Canon law did not permit nuns, brothers or priests to become medical doctors. However, in 1935, a member of the Society for Medical Mi sionaries persuaded the church to lift the restriction so that the Sisters could serve women in India where the culture did not allow them to be examined by males. Today, the association has identified 176 clergy-doctors nationwide, but it believes there are many more. The majority are in family practice and internal medicine. Dr. Dynski is one of only about eight who practice surgery. Between the 25 doctors who met, almost every medical pecialty is accounted for. �Classnotes"0 ne reason for needing support for one another," Dr. Dynski notes, "is that we each educate both the clerical and medical staff that we are working with in the holistic approach to medicine. We need, as physicians, to address the spiritual health as well as the emotional and physical health of our patients. We need a network or a forum for sharing items of professional interest since there may be no one else in the congregation \ve can talk to." Group discussions at the workshop included such subjects as "Medical Mora1 Issues," "Medical Legal Issues" and "Spirituality in a Pluralistic World." Being a member of both the clergy and the medical community can be difficult at times. The question of conflicting commitments to their profession and their communities must clearly be given serious, even agonizing, thought. Several work hop participants compared it to the balancing that has to be done by a married physician in order to give appropriate time to his or her family. Regarding the subject of malprac"tice, Dr. Dynski says, ''The mentality of litigation doesn't exist in some areas, but it' interesting - Sisters can be sued." De pite popular impression, most of the retreat participants agree that science and religion can and do mix. " o one makes fun of religion in the operating room," recalls one Sister. "Sophistication disappears in the face of the simple reality of life and death. I remember one time during surgery when we were losing a patient because of hemorrhaging we couldn't stop. There was nothing we could do. The chief surgeon turned to me and in a worried, pleading tone said, 'Don't just stand there. You're supposed to be praying.'" Dr. Dynski relates that it is often difficult to combine a spiritual life with an active life in medical service. "Finding moments of prayer may be almost impossible. At our workshop retreat, we found that many of us find God in our patients;' she said. Lifeline, the newsletter that she edits, is a quarterly and serves as a forum for any issue that relates to medicine and the clergy. She explains, "Our newsletter also publishes information about medically deprived areas in this country and in foreign countries. Hopefully, religious and clerical resident and physicians looking for a change would be aware of these needs and perhaps can help on a temporary or permanent basis." The association's second meeting will be October 3-6, 1984, in Omaha, ebraska. Any physician or medical student who wishes to have more information is invited to call or write to: Marguerite Dynski, SSJ, MD, 1445 Portland Avenue, Suite 307, Rochester, New York 14621, (716) 266-6580 or (716) • 544-7960. "No one makes fun of religion in the operating room ..." Sister Marguerite Dvnskl Virginia Weldon Honored by Smith College D r. Virginia V. Weldon (M'62), recently appointed deputy vice chancellor for medical affairs at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, was honored during ceremonies at Smith College Wednesday, February 22, when she received the prestigious Smith College Medal from her alma mater. The a\'.ard cites \\'eldon for a life that exemplifies "the true purpose of liberal arts education:· She has also been named chairman-elect of the Council of Academic Societies of the Association of American :-.Iedical Colleges (AA:-.IC). She has been arcprcsentatiw to the Council of 'Academic Societies since 1976. AA:\IC's Council of Academic Societies is composed of 73 aca- VIrginia V. weldon: Smith College Medal winner. dcmic and scientific societies in the biomedical field with an estimated acti\·e membership of 100,000. \\'eldon is professor of pediatrics at Washington University, \·icc president of the \\'ashington University :-.Iedical Center, and a staff physician at Barnes and Children's Hospitals, sponsoring institutions of the \\'ashington U niversit\· :\ledical Center. \\'eldon came to \\'ashi,ngton University in 1968 as an instructor, and was named professor of pediatrics in 1979. A specialist in pediatric endocrinology, she has studied mechanisms of abnormal g~·o,, th 'in childhood. After earning her medical degree from UB, she completed her residency in pediatrics at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore and later held a fellowship and instructorship at Johns Hopkins :-.tedical School. \\'eldon's professional memberships include the Endocrine Society, Society for Pediatric Research, Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the St. Louis Medical Society. She has served as a government consultant on several projects, most recently as chairman of the General Clinical Research Centers Advisory Committee of the National Institutes of Health. She is currently a member of the National Advisory Research Resources Council of the NIH. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 41 �1920 1940 HOBART A. REIMANN (M'21) • EUGENE J. HANAVAN (M'41) • had an art icle on Vira l Pneumonia reprinted in thc.Jour· nal of the American Afedical Aswcia· lion, February 17, 1984, as a "Landmark" article. Dr. Reimann is retired and is a vis iting professor of med icine at Thomas Jefferson Universit). was selected president of the American Fracture Association at the executive meeting in January. Dr. Hanavan has a private practice in orthopaedic sun~cry in Buffalo. LOUIS FINGER (M'24) • writes that his new address is 501 E. 79 Street, New rork, New York 10021. 1930 RAYMOND R. MEYERS (M'34) • of Buflalo is a charter member of the Pres ident's C lub at Sisters H ospital, a charter Fell ow of the American Academy of Family P hysicians, past president of the Eric County Chapter of the Fami l) Physicians of NYS, and is acti\!: in many other professional organizations. Dr. Meyers is a retired Colonel in the ~l edica l Corps 74th Regiment N Y Guard and is also retired from au ive family practice. RICHARD AMENT (M'42) • has been elected secretary of the Counci l of Medical Specialty Societies (CMSS) at that national organization's annual meeting. He is a UB clinical professor of anesthesiology. C M SS is an umbrella organizat ion of the 24 major medical specialt} societies and represents 254,000 medical specialists. CMSS is one of the parent organizations of the Accreditation Council f(>r Graduate Medical Education and the Accreditation Council f(>r Continuing Medical Education. Dr. Ament is a representative to the Council from the American Society of Anesthesiologists. He was also elected treasurer of the \1\'orld Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists (WFSA) at its 8th World Congress in Mani la, Philippines. WFSA is an internationa l organization made up of representatives of national anesthesiology societies from 63 countries. ALFRED S. EVANS (M'43) • is director of the American College of Epidemiology. Dr. Evans is the John Rodman Paul Professor of Epidemiology at Yale Uni,·ersity, School of ;...I edicine. ALTON A. GERMAIN (M'45) • retired from private practice in ;...1arch. Dr. Germain's office on Union Road served as the Town of Cheektowaga's first emergTnC) care facility until 1960 when St. Joseph Intercommunity Hospital was built. Dr. Germain served as chief of staff of the hospital from 1967-1968 and served as chief of the Department of General Practice from 1960-1975 . Dr. Germain plans to •·clax and pursue his painting and gardening hobbies. STEVEN G. CLINE (M'47) • reports that, "I was at Georgia Baptist H ospital in Atlanta, Georgia for 8 years, and for the past 21 years I ha\'C been chief of radiology at South Fulton Hospital, East Point, Georgia 30345. This is a 450 bed hospital. I am married and have 3 children, 3 step children and 3 grandchildren. I ha,·e not been back to the Uni,·ersity of Buffalo for almost 40 years but I plan on returning for my 40th reunion in 1987, and I look fo•·ward to seeing my former classmates at that time." DAVID 0. CLEMENT (M'49) • informs us that his address is 2 Church Street South, Ne\' Haven, Connecticut. PAUL l BUERGER (M'49) • , a specialist in OB/GYN. retired after 20 years in private practice and is now chief of sUI'gcry at Ft. SilL Oklahoma. His mailing address is 3318 Atlanta, Lawton, Oklahoma 7350.1. JACQUELINE l. PAROSKI (M'49) • has assumed the presidency of the medical staff at DeGraff ~1emorial Hospital in North Tonawanda, .Y. Formerly chief of pediatrics, she was appointed to the staff at DeGraff in 1955. 1950 WILLIAM R. KINKEL (M'54) • RE UEST The Buffalo Physician requests that our readers submit any interesting, well-written articles that they have written on the following subjects: FO ARTICLES 1 • MEDICAL HISTORY, especially but not limited to the University. 2 • PROFILES of distinguished or interesting UB Med ical School alumni , present or former UB Medical School faculty, or current UB medical students. 3 • IMPORTANT PHILOSOPHICAL, ETHICAL OR OTHER ISSUES directly relevant to the medical community. 4 . • BOOK REVIEWS of important or interesting books written by or about UB faculty or alumni . Though books of a technical nature will be considered , especially if they are significant, reviews of non-technical books are encouraged also, e.g. biographies, fiction , non-fiction for the layman. 5. • HUMAN INTEREST STORIES about anybody with a UB Medical School association , present or former. ARTICLES SHOULD IDEALLY BE TWO TO TEN TYPEWRITTEN DOUBLE·SPACED PAGES. PHOTOGRAPHS (IN A SETTING RELATED TO THE ARTICLE) AND ILLUSTRA· TIONS ARE ENCOURAGED. SUBMITTED MATERIAL SHOULD BE ABOUT PEOPLE AND TOPICS WITH SOME ASSOCIATION WITH THE UB MEDICAL SCHOOL. The exception will be for articles about important philosophical , ethical , or other medically relevant issues. Articles not fitting the above categories are unlikely to be considered . clinical professor of neurology, clinical associate professor of anatomy, and chairman of ;..tillard Fillmore Hospital's Department of Neurology. was elected to the honorary post of distinguished member of the American Society of ;'\leuroimaging at the Society's recent annual meeting in Boca Raton, Florida . Dr. K inkel is a past president of the nat ional society, and one of its founding fathers. PETER S. D'ARRIGO (M'56) • was elected president of the medical staff of Millard Fillmore Hospital for 1984-85 at a meet ing of the voting med ical staff on ~1 arch 1. C li nical assistant professor of medicine at U B, Dr. D'Arrigo joined the M ill ard Fill more H ospita l medical staff in Ju ly, 1962. H e was appointed chief of hematology in the Department of I nterna l M edicine in 1970. He is on the consulting staff at Roswell Pa rk :l\.1emorial Inst itute a nd an investigator in the Cancer and Acute Leukemia Gro u p B, anationwide associat ion of cancer researchers. H e is a lso the chair- �Classnotesman of the Millard Fillmore Hospital physicians' United Way campaign. SEBASTIAN S. FASANELLO (M'62) • has been elected president of the medical staff of Bry-Lin Hospital, Buffalo. He is also clinical assistant professor of psnhiauy MICHAEL M. MADDEN (M'62) • has been appointed associate head of Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Anesthesiology. On that hospital's staff since 1967, he will continue to oversee the ;\lurse-Ancsthctist Program. A UB clinical assistant professor of anesthesiolog}. he is a Diplomate of the American Board of Anesthesiologists and a member of the;\!.'{ State Society. Peter S. D'Arrtgo ANTHONY P. SANTOMAURO (M'56) • was elected president of the Association of Past Presidents of the ::\1cdical Society, County of Erie, at the group's 18th com·ocation. Dr. Santomauro was society president in 1971. Leonard Berman (l\.1'52), clinical assistant professor of surgery and society president in 19i2, was elected secretary. 1960 JOSEPH L FERMAGLICH (M'61) • is a clinical associate professor of neurology at Georgetown Uni\'Crsity. His new office address is 3301 New Mexico A\·enue, ;\!\\', Washington, D.C. 20016. SAAR PORRATH (M'61) • established the \Voman's Breast Center in Santa :\tonica, California. Dr. Porrath has been actively Iccturing nationally to increase awareness in breast diagnosis. He has been featured in L'SA 7oda;·, and on many local and national news and talk shows bringing the message of early detection to women. ROBERT E. WINTERS (M '61) • is "alive and kicking," and has a private practice in internal medicine in Santa ~:Ionica, California. He just stepped down after 3 years as president of the Clinical Faculty Association of the Department of Medicine, UCLA (950 members). Dr. Winters was recently promoted to clinical professor of medicine at UCLA. JOHN W. CUDMORE (M'62) • has been named president of Buffalo General Hospital's Medical Staff for 1984. He will head a medical staff of nearly 900 physicians. A clinical associate professor at UB, he is an associate surgeon at Buffalo General, where he has served for 16 years. RICHARD S. MERRICK (M'64) • recentlv was elected for a t\\·oyear term to the Executive Council of the California Society for the Treatment of Alcoholism and other Drug Dependencies. Dr. :\.Jerrick lives at 1970 Galerita DriYe, Rancho Palos \'crdes, California 90732. DAVID E. PITTMAN (M'64) • was recently appointed associate director of the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh. Dr. Pittman is an assistant clinical professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Center of :\.1edicine. R. SCOTT SCHEER (M'65) • of Exton, Pennsyh ania, is director of radiology of ::\tcdical Imaging Se" ices. This group serves Pottstown :\.JemorialMedical Center, Norristown State Hospital and private offices with subspecialty care in Dx and Rx angiographic procedures, CT/N:\.1RI! uclear and Ultrasound Scanning. Dr. Scheer is also medical director of l\'Jobil Ultrasound, Inc., a private ultrasound sel'\·icc providing portable studies in physicians offices in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland and Delaware. RICHARD H. DAFFNER (M'67) • , a specialist in diagnostic radiology in Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania, reports that he "left Duke Uni,·ersity Medical Center in ::\larch 1983 for private practice with his own residency program ('feels good')." In March Dr. Daffncr was program chairman for a refresher course on Skeletal Radiology given in Phoenix, Arizona. enterology. Dr. Goldstein has a private practice in gastroenterology in Buffalo. DONALD H. MARCUS (M'77) • , an anesthesiologist in Los Angeles, has been reelected to the board of directors of the Southern California Pcrmanente Medical Group, a partnership of 1,600 doctors. Dr. :\.1arcus is a visiting instructor at UCLA. ELSIGAV SHAHAM (M'78) • is an 1970 PETER L CITRON (M'70) • , a specialist in hematology-oncology, is chairman of the Department of Internal :\.1edicinc at South Miami Hospital, Florida. BRUCE M. PRENNER (M'70) • of El Cajon, California, presented at the American College of Allergists in April 1984, "Preliminary Results of a l\J ulticenter Study of the Anti Allergy Pentapeptidc HEPP." JOHN E. KN IPP (M'72) • , a specialist in internal medicine and gastroenterology, was elected chief of medicine at the Cornwall Hospital, Cornwall, New \ork. instructor in OB/GYN at Har,·ard School of :\.1edicinc. Dr. Shaham lives at 154 Truman Road, :\Tewton, l\.lassachusetts 02159. TERENCE L CHORBA (M'79) • is working as an Epidemic Intelligence Sen icc Officer at the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia. Dr. Chorba lin'S at 507 Durand Driw, Atlanta, Georgia 30307. BRUCE J. NAUGHTON (M'79) • is chief of Subsection Geriatrics Department of ::\1cdicinc a; ::"-Jorthwcstern Univcrsitv School of Medicine. Dr. ;\laugl;ton lin's at 711 South Dearborn #806, Chicago, Illinois 60605. JEREMY COLE (M'73) • has a private practice in pulmonary disease and internal medicine. His new oflice address is 8333 Reseda Boule' arc!, Northridge, California 91324. TIMOTHY NOSTRANT (M'73) • has been elected to Fellowship in the American College of Physicians. Dr. Nostrant, a specialist in internal medicine and gastroenterology, is on the staff of the Veterans Administration Hospital in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and is associate chief of gastroenterology at the Uni,·ersity of Michigan Hospital. JAMES M. KERN (M'76) • whose specialty is internal medicine joined the Metropolitan Clinic P.C .. a multispecialty clinic in Portland, Oregon, in April 1981. DAVID SOKAL (M'76) • is now working for the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia. Dr. Sokal is living at 2940 Winfield Circle, Tucker, Georgia 30084. HARVEY R. GOLDSTEIN (M'77) • was recently certified as a Diplomat of the Board ofGastro- 1980 WESLEY S. BLANK (M'80) • writes that "My wife Nan and I just had a baby girl, Leah, born on March 17, 1984. Injuly, 1984, • I will be joining a group private practice in OB/GYN in Attleboro, l\.1assachusetts." SYLVIA J. TURNER (M '80) • writes that she ··recently moved to Dallas; Alan and I are eagerly awaiting the birth of our first child." Dr. Turner is a fourth-year psychiatry resident at Parkland Memorial Hospital. MARK M. CHUNG (M'82) • reports that "I will be a senior medical resident in the Department of Medicine, Long Beach, California, having transferred from the State University of New York at Stony Brook affiliated hospitals." ANDREW E. NULLMAN (M'84) • is a resident in internal medicine at the Medical College of Philadelphia. His new address is 7373 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19128. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 43 �DeathsDR. L. EDGAR HUMMEL • died on March 12 while spending the winter in Pompano Beach. He was on UB's Medical School faculty for 36 years until 1974. He retired as superintendent of the E.J. Meyer Hospital in 1969 after 12 years. A specialist in blood disease, he was a longtime chairman of the Red Cross blood program, a Diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine, and a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and the International Society of Hematology. He also was a member of local, state and national medical societies. • DR. RUBEN MEDINA • former clinical a sistant professor of pathology, 56, died in Birmingham, Alabama, on February 27 while moving his family from Batavia to Corpus Christi. He was chief of laboratory service at the Veterans Hospital in Kerrville, Texas. After five years as director of clinical laboratories and chief pathologist at Our Lady of Victory, he became a staff pathologist at Veterans Hospital in Buffalo in 1975 and then became chief of laboratory service at Veterans Hospital in Batavia in 1982. Born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, Dr. Medina received his B.S. at the City College of New York and his medical degree at the Uni\ersity of Puerto Rico. He did his internship at Mercy Hospital in Buffalo from 1956-57. He was a Fellow of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists and a member of the American Society of Cytology, American Medical Association, and Association of VA Chiefs of Laboratory Service. He is survived by his wife, Gloria; four sons, Ruben Jr., Carlos, Robert and Frankie; and two daughters, Diane and Carmen. • DR. HARRY L. CHANT (M'28) • the first director of the Johns Hopkins Hospital Medical Care Clinic during his 24 years with the Hopkins, died February 28 in Concord, Mass., after a lengthy illnes . He was 78. Dr. Chant recently had been living in Massachusetts. Born in Manlius, N.Y., he was graduated from Canisius College and UB's School of Medicine. After an internship at St. Luke's Hospital in Jacksonville, Florida, and a post-internship at Bellevue Hospital in New York, he took his resident training in pediatrics and infectious diseases at the Edward]. Meyer Memorial Hospital in Buffalo. He had a general practice in Buffalo from 1931 until 1934, when he was appointed an assistant district health officer for the 1 ew York State Department of Health. In 1936, he was appointed chief health officer for the southern district of New r ork, ''here he was involved in the fluoridation of water and the control of communicable diseases, including a typhoid epidemic in Oswego. During that period, he received a Rockefeller fellow hip and. came to Baltimore to earn a master's degree in public health at the Johns Hopkins University. · In 1948, Dr. Chant established the Medical Care Clinic for indigents - the first of its kind in the country - and served as its director until 1951. In 1965, Dr. Chant became assistant dean of Hopkins' chool of Hygiene and Public Health. He retired in 1971 as assistant dean and professor of public health administration. After his retirement, he worked as a physician and consultant in geriatric medicine for the Prince Georges County Health Department. Dr. Chant is survived by his second wife, the former Ida Kerner, of Baltimore; two son , Peter and David; a daughter, Phyllis and four grandchildren. • DR. LOUIS A. VENDETTI (M'34) • Cheektowaga health officer for 32 years, died in Millard Fillmore Hospital, February 19. He was 74. Dr. Vendetti served as health officer for the town since 1952. Additionally, he was school physician in the Village of loan from 1950 to 1955. 44 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Vendetti practiced medicine until the time of his death. He was a graduate of Canisius College and the UB School of Medicine. A native of Buffalo, he was associated with Millard Fillmore Hospital, Sheehan Emergency Hospital and Sisters Hospital. He was a member of the Erie County Medical Society and New York State Health Officers Association. He also belonged to the Bacelli Club, Columbian Club and University of Buffalo Alumni Association. He was past chairman of the National Air and Water Pollution Association of America. Surviving are his wife, Carolyn; a daughter, Carol Ann; a brother, Edward; a sister, Mary Vito; and two grandchildren. • DR. JOHN W. PICKREN • 62, a nationally recognized authority on cancer pathology and chief cancer research pathologist at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, died March 24 at his home in Williamsville. Dr. Pickren was a clinical professor of pathology at the UB Medical School and clinical professor of oral pathology at the Dental School. Dr. Gerald P. Murphy, director of Roswell Park Memorial Institute, has announced establishment of the John W. Pickren Surgical Pathology Lecture to honor the memory of Dr. Pickren, who had been at Roswell Park since 1955. Dr. Murphy said that, john Pickren was an outstanding surgical pathologist who has made many significant contributions to his field throughout his career." A native of Salem, Arkansas, he was graduated from the U niversity of Arkansas Medical School and the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was a Diplomate of the American Board of Pathology. Dr. Pickren served in the avy Medical Corps in World War II and was chief of pathology at the t. Albans aval Hospital on Long Island during the Korean War. He was consulted frequently by clinicians and pathologists in this country and abroad and was considered the most authoritative arbiter in problem cases in diagnostic pathology in the state. He had published more than 150 articles in medical and scientific journals and was known nationally for his breast cancer research, which contributed to the development of diagnostic procedures widely used in cancer hospitals. At Roswell Park, he was chairman of the Cancer Committee and was an ad hoc inspector of pathology laboratories for the State Department of Health. In 1981, he received the William H. Wehr Award for distinguished clinical service at Roswell Park. He was a Fellow of the American College of Pathologists and a member of county, state, national and international medical and scientific societies. Dr. Pickren was an enthusiastic tennis player and had been honored for his role as a master matchmaker. He also was an ardent participant in the sport of curling. He is survived by his wife, Virginia; two daughters, Cheryl and Debra; two brothers, Dr. Thomas Pickren, his twin, and Harry Pickren; two sisters, and two grandchildren. • HIRAM L. KNAPP, JR. (M'15) • died March 14, 1984, in ewark Valley, New Jersey. For more than 30 years Dr. Knapp was ewark Valley's school physician and health officer. In 1965 he was honored by the Tioga County Medical Society for 50 years of devoted and faithful service and in 1968 he was honored with a testimonial dinner by his community. Dr. Knapp is survived by his wife Jessie and two • children. NIELS G. MADSEN (M'35) • died January 22, 1984, in Altoona, Pennsylvania. • CHARLES SHORE (M'48) • died October 14, 1983, in Los Angeles of polycystic kidney disease. Dr. Shore is survived by his wife Frances. • �DO YOU HAVE A SPECIAL TALENT IN MUSIC? THE ARTS? STAGE? SPORTS? UNUSUAL HOBBY? WRITING OUTSIDE OF MEDICINE? The BUFFALO PHYSICIAN is planning to present articles featuring UB physicians, alumni and medical students with outstanding talents outside of the medical profession. CalendarTHE 7TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PEDIATRIC/ADULT ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY • July 19-21, 1984, Four Seasons Hotel, Toronto, Ontario. A national conference designed for all physicians managing allergic and immunologic problems in children and adults. Program chairmen, Drs. Elliott Middleton Jr. and Elliot F. Ellis. Sponsored by UB Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Continuing Medical Education, the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology, and the Schering Corporation of America. Topics: Anaphylaxis, Asthma, Adverse Drug Reactions, Cystic Fibrosis, Theophylline Tox icity, Regula- tion ofigE Synthesis, Hymenoptera Allergy. THE CAPE COD PEDIATRIC CONFERENCE • August 10-12, 1984, Dunfey Hyannis Hotel, Cape Cod, Hyannis, Massachusetts. Chairman, Elliot F. Ellis, M.D. Sponsored by: Continuing Medical Education and the Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Buffalo. Credit hours: 20. Fee: Physicians in Practice, 275. For further information, contact Rayna Dutton, CME coordinator, Continuing Medical Education, Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant St., Buffalo, Y 14222. Telephone: (collect) 716-878-7630/ 7640. PLEASE LET US KNOW! Conlacl: Bruce S. Kersh ner, Universi ty M edical Editor, 136 C rofts H all, SU . Y Buffalo, Buffalo, ~y 14260. ------------------------------------------------------------------- IIIII I BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 QQ, l 2 A C: 6 JW I- c y '-l ll SUI\IY B 14214 BUFF LO \I Y -----------------------------------------------------------------~ LET US HEAR FROM YOU Fill out this card (Please print or type all entries) Name _________________________________________________ Year MD Received ___________ Office Address ________________________________________________________________________ HomeAddress ________________________________________________________________________ If not UB, MD received from - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - In Private Practice: Yes 0 No 0 In Academic Medicine: Yes 0 No 0 Specialty Part Time 0 Full Time 0 School Title ___________________________________ Other: Medical Society Memberships: NEWS: Have you changed positions, published, been involved in civic activities, had honors bestowed, etc.? _______________ Please send copies of any publications, research or other original work. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. 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Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1984 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/399c5d7a1f9084f57b31495d6544fdd5.pdf d7e3dd56a2c4abcc40aa5d17a4653628 PDF Text Text �MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN The faculty and I will spend the next two to 'three months preparing for the School of Medicine's next accreditation visit by the committee representing the Liaison Committee on Medical Education. As is always the situation, an accredita­ tion visit provides an important opportunity for the Univer­ sity community to evaluate itselr'in relationship to its stated goals and objectives and to identify existing strengths and weaknesses. Out of that process comes the realization of our actual status as a modern day medical school. Although we, like all medical schools, are always faced with many more deficiencies and problems than we like, I think it fair to state that the health of the medical school at Buffalo is sound. Since the last visit in 1980, the State of ew York has confirmed its commitment to the Health Sciences Center in Buffalo by initiating construction of the new library, the dental school and the expansion of the Medical School. The construcoon projects will be completed beginning in late 1984 and by nid-1985. The renovations of Farber-Sherman-Cary Halls are underway. In addition, the School of Medicine is now joined by new facilities in all of its major teaching hospitals. These physical changes have been joined by several impor­ tant academic advances. The school has initiated an M.D.­ Ph.D. program, has strengthened its student advisor pro­ grams, has introduced new curricular material in the third year, has formed the graduate medical education consortium, and has embarked on implementation of a governed salary plan for its full-time clinical faculty. All of the above steps were long expressed concerns of the LCME visitors in 1966, 1972 and 1976. Although progress has taken a long time, the alumni, faculty and students should feel proud of what has been accomplished. Undoubtedly, the School of Medicine at Buffalo is one of which each of us can and should be very, very proud. - John Naughton, M.D. �ContentsBUFFALO 3 NICORETTE • A nicotine gum , the most promising method to date for quitting smoking , has been devised by Dr. Claes Lundgren, inventor and UB scientist , in cooperation with a Swedish company. STAFF 8 HOSPICE BUFFALO • " We're not in hospice care to be 'good guys' or because it's the work of the angels. We're doing this because it's good medicine," says Dr. Robert Milch , medical direc­ tor of Hospice Buffalo Inc. and cl inical professor of surgery at UB. PHYSICIAN EXECUTIVE EDITOR, UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS Robert T. Marlett ART DIRECTOR Rebecca Bernstein UNIVERSITY MEDICAL EDITOR Bruce S. Kershner PHOTOGRAPHY Jim Sulley David S. Ottavio Ed Nowak 10 LITTLE KNOWN MEDICAL SCHOOLS • Dr. O.P. Jones reviews the history of little known medical and osteopathic colleges in 19th century Buffalo. Boss Hogg. 13 NUCLEAR HOLOCAUST • Concerned physicians contend that the best medical survival plan in case of a nuclear war is to preclude the need for any such plan by ending the arms race. 17 RESEARCH • UB researchers have discovered a new drug that allows safer, less costly, and often more accurate diagnosis and management of stroke. The world's first heart-lung transplant to be conducted on a cystic fibrosis patient took place recently due to the efforts of UB professor of pediatrics, Dr. Gerd Cropp. An 80 per cent reduction in the chance of stroke triggered by heart surgery appears possible because of the research of Dr. Samuel Testicular Image usad tor diagnosis. Balderman . 23 MEDICAL SCHOOL NEWS • New York State's first comprehen­ sive geriatric education center has been established at UB. "Boss Hogg " and his brother endow fund in honor of their father, Solomon Booke of the Class of 1924. Other news. 26 HOSPITALS ~ The Buffalo General reports progress in develop­ ment of a regional health care network. Roswell Park dedicates new research center. Millard Fillmore Hospital plans acquisition of Sheehan Memorial. 28 BOOKS • How do you spell relief? UB physician is author of "The Doctor's Guide to You and Your Colon," a humorous, infor­ mative work with illustrations by Buffalo News cartoonist Tom Toles. 30 STUDENTS • Medical School talent show. Summer program for minorities appears effective in preparing for academic success. 32 PEOPLE • UB immunologist translates " The Bible of Solidar­ ity " into English . Other news of people you know. 36 CLASSNOTES • Spring Clinical Day slated for May 5. News of the classes. 39 DEATHS ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton , Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. Maggie Wright Ms. Rita Wolff TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson, director, in association with the Schoof of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo COVER ART: Mike Bunn THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN , (USPS 551-860) May 1984- Volume 18, Number 1 published five times annually: February, May, July, September, December - by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York . POSTMASTER : Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSI­ CIAN , 139 Cary Hall , 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 1 �Person trying to kick the habit chews gum when the urge to smoke strikes. Nicorette (nlc::ot6n- r e s • n c::ompl - x ) 2 mg �Nicorette UB physiologist invents 'most promising method yet ' for quitting smoking V isualize a smoke-free office with em­ ployees contentedly chewing away on gum as they go about their tasks. Such a scene is possible now that nicotine gum, the most promising method discovered to date for quitting smoking, has recently been introduced into the United States. Devised by Dr. Claes Lundgren, in­ ventor and State University of ew York at Buffalo scientist, and a Swedish company, it became commercially available as a prescrip­ tion drug on March 15. The gum as it now exists was developed by Leo Pharmaceuticals of Sweden. Known commercially as "Nicorette;' it is marketed by the pharmaceutical company Merrill Dow. It is now available in 15 coun­ tries, including Canada, Great Britain, Sweden and Switzerland. Except in Switzerland, where it was introduced in 1979, it is sold only as a prescription drug. The effectiveness of nicotine gum has been demonstrated repeatedly by tests. For those in one study who used the gum con­ sistently for three months or longer, 67-75 per cent kicked the habit within a year of starting the treatment. Virtually every other study indicated success rates of 35 per cent to 71 per cent after one year. The variation and lower rates of some of these studies, however, may have resulted from including smokers who did not continue using the gum during the minimum three month treatment period. Despite this, success rates of the nicotine gum are two to 3 Y2 times higher than the national success rate using all methods. It is estimated that 20 million people, or 3 7 per By Bruce S. Kershner BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 3 �Dr. Lundgren In Physlo/ogv lab area. cent of all smokers, try to stop smoking each year, and only 20 per cent of these are successful. Other methods now used by smokers range from willpower ~nd quitting "c?ld turkey," to lower nicotine cigarettes, avers10n therapy usmg elcctnc shock, acupuncture, behavior modification programs, and support groups. If Nicorette becomes popular as the method used by smokers to quit their habit, it is safe to say that millions of ex-smokers would be generated each year, with hundreds of thousands of lives saved. When referring to "his" inventions, Dr. Lundgren explains that one or more of the following Swedish colleagues should be credited as co-inventors: ]. Lichtneckert, 0. Ferno, M. Arborelius and L. Akesson. The first two are associated with the gum. T he nicotine gum works like this: . . . Nicotine is physically add1ct1ve and IS the mgred1ent in cigarettes which makes it sodifficult to qu!t s~oking. The sometimes calming or stimulatmg effects of mcotme remforce the habit further. Social a.nd psychological factors of smo~­ .ng such as oral gratification, however, are unlikely on the1r ~w~ to prevent smokers fr?m quitt~n&" if they are rea.lly motivated. Though nicotine IS the add1~t1ve a~d p~ych.oactJve ingredient, it is not the most hazardous mgre?Ient m CJga.rette smoke. The carcinogenic tars, carbon monox1de, and rad10ac- 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN tive chemicals are the most medically harmful components, but have no physically or psychologically pleasing effects on the smoker. By switching to nicotine gum, the smoker ceases most of the health hazards that are associated with smoking. However, the gum-user continues to experience much of the phys.ical and psychological effects of nicotine that may be pleasmg, without encountering the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms, or nicotine "fit" that nicotine-abstention would cause. Impor­ tantly, increas~d appetite and weight gain, often. cited as a reason why many return to smoking, can be avOided usmg the gum method. . Once the first hurdle, the smoking habit, is overcome, the second phase of quitting - nicotine withdrawal - becomes easier. icotine gum users rarely continue the treatment a~ter six months. The reason is unclear but a definite self-weanmg effect does occur for many of those who succeed, according to Dr. Lundgren. "It's extremely rare for subjects to remain Nicorette users over a long period of time;' says the gum's inventor. "In fact, the scheme for using this preparation is to get off the prepara­ tion as well - within four to six months. It turns out that people who use it start to wean themselves without knowing it. The mechanism behind that appears to be, in contrast to the cigarette, that the gum outlasts the nicotine dose. So you don't quite know when the nicotine supply is used up." Dr. Lundgren went on, "You might keep chewing all day, but the number of gum tablets per day goes down, and finally, you get off it." Besides being the most effective treatment yet, Nico~e.tte has other positive features and safety aspects. In a 1982 BntJsh study, subjects using the gum reported less severe withdrawal symptoms. In another study, 60 per cent of users thought the gum was the most effective aid they had tried in relieving the unpleasant symptoms of nicotine abstention. Another advantage of the gum is that smokers most likely to benefit from its use are those who have a high "physical" type of nicotine dependence - the heavy smokers and smokers of high nicotine brands. Remembering the early development period of the gum, Dr. Lundgren remarked that "an important consideration was the need to avoid accidental overdose, as with children." If a child consumed, pill form, the same amount of nicotine as found in 10 to 15 Nicorette tablets, it would be lethal. "The invention avoids the chance of overdose because you have to chew the gum to release the nicotine. If you don't chew it, no nicotine comes out. If you swallow 20 or 40 chewing tablets, little will happen; Lundgren explained. "Even If a child does chew several pieces, he will get extremely nauseated within seconds before serious toxic effects can take place:' (Remember your first puff on a cigarette?) . Even if nausea or vomiting does not prevent absorption, only a small per cent of the nicotine is released when the gum is swallowed whole. Furthermore, the taste when chewed is not like other sweet or minty gums; it has no sugar and has a peppery nicotine taste. D r. Lundgren conceived of his idea that led to the invention in 1967. "Like everyone else at the time, I saw smoking as a medical problem. I was a smoker at the time ... and became convinced that smoking was an addiction, not just a bad habit picked up from social and behavioral patterns. This notion was strengthened by the fact that the nicotine­ free cigarette had appeared, disappeared and reappeared as a commercial venture many times over the years and always miserably failed. Then they gradually learned it was not the nicotine but the other things in the smoke that were the serious �health problem." The idea of the invention struck Dr. Lundgren when he thought "What is more reasonable than a non-cigarette source of nicotine for smoking withdrawal?" He explained further, "My idea was to supply nicotine in a clean form, without the carcinogens and carbon monoxide, as a means of getting away from the real dangers of smoking - and without experienc­ ing the withdrawal symptoms. "The nice thing about the gum is that it allows self­ administration of the nicotine so the patient can regulate the supply of nicotine to his or her individual need," he observed. "The rate of release of nicotine is geared to the rate of chew­ ing and you learn to chew to your satisfaction. By chewing the gum, you are massaging it and exposing new surfaces to allow nicotine release." Dr. Lundgren brought his idea to the pharmaceutical com­ pany within days. They made the first prototype gum that same year. "The first preparations were a bit of a disappoint­ ment;' he remembers. This is because the acidity of the saliva interfered with the rate of nicotine absorption. The company resolved that problem with a special preparation, an ion­ exchange nicotine resin complex. Another unusual hurdle was something encountered by many inventors - skepticism. Lundgren found "total disbelief and substantial resistance to the idea, even among physicians. Imagine, offering nicotine in a chewing gum of all things'" The first country to approve the sale of the gum was Switzerland and it is still the only country to sell it over the counter. Canada was the second country to approve it (in 1979) and Sweden, Dr. Lundgren's native land, was the third. Nicorcttc will be available in packages of 96 pieces of gum and will sell for around $20 per package. Each piece will con­ tain 2 mg. of nicotine and will be packaged in child-resistant blister packaging. Most patients will require about ten pieces of gum per day during the first month of treatment. Patients can adjust the dosage to suit their needs, as long as it docs not exceed 30 pieces per day. Gum users are supposed to stop smoking and chew a piece of the gum whenever they have an urge to smoke. The nicotine is absorbed through the oral mucosa, the lining of the mouth. Blood levels of nicotine can approximate the levels produced by smoking except for the sudden elevated levels (the "rush") that accompanies the first few minutes of inhaling a cigarette. Thus, the "satisfying" physiological effects of nicotine still oc­ cur but in more moderate amounts. T he manufacturers recommend the user to initially chew the gum long enough to taste the sharp flavor, then hold it in the mouth chewing only enough to maintain the taste in the mouth . As the urge to smoke fades, patients should gradually reduce the number of pieces chewed each day. They should not, however, attempt to stop using the gum until the craving for nicotine is satisfied with just one or two pieces a day. As the makers stress, "the medication docs not take the place of your determination and will power." Although tests show the nicotine gum still has a significant success rate with unmotivated smokers, the invention is really designed for the smoker who is motivated to quit. "It may seem obvious, but the gum must be chewed to work. If you usc it, it will be highly effective, and if you don't, it won't," the UB physiologist points out. Motivation is important because the loss of some of the satisfaction associated with smoking will be replaced, by motivated individuals, with a very different kind of satisfac­ tion - the satisfaction of knowing they are on their way to kicking the habit. Lundgren with 'Nicorette: As with any medication, side effects arc possible. The most frequent reactions arc all mild: irritated mouth (19 per cent of users), gastric complaints and nausea (12 per cent), hiccups (8 per cent), flatulence (common to all gum-chewing) (7 per cent), as well as light headcdncss, salivation, headache and jaw muscle ache (from excessive chewing). Individuals with heart problems or active temporo­ mandibular joint disease should avoid the gum, as well as preg­ nant and nursing women. Obviously, it should not be used by non-smokers or children. Clacs Lundgren received . his M.D. in 1959 from the University of Lund, Sweden, and his Ph.D. from the same university in 1967. He came to UB in 1974, and is now pro­ fessor of physiology and director of the Hyperbaric Research Laboratory. In Mar~h 1983, the Office on Smoking and Health of the US. Public Health Service called smoking "the most widespread form of drug dependence in our country." The in­ troduction of nicotine gum into the United States may con­ ~ribute significantly in reducing that dependence as well as Its medical hazards and negative social and cosmetic effects. . Bu_t users of nicotine gum will still need to add one ingre­ dient If they arc to guarantee success - the motivation to quit. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 5 �Needs & solutions Dr. Claes Lundgren has devised 14 inventions ''A By Bruce S. Kershner t times a need and a solution have both o~cur­ red to me within seconds. And at other times I see a need in a problem area and the solu­ tion is conceived more gradually." This is the way the creative process works for Dr. Claes Lundgren, who is a succes~ful_inventor and has, with a Swedish company, developed a mcotme gum that pro­ mises to be the most effective anti-smoking technique yet. The professor in the UB ~epa~tment of Physiology other­ wise spends his time at the U m_vers1ty as ~hrector of the Hyper­ baric Research Laboratory. H1s academic research focuses on the physiological problems ass~ciated with diving ~nd under­ water pressure. He IS Internationally recogmzed m the field of underwater physiology, but few reah~e that _Dr. L':'ndgren during his extra-curricular time has dev1sed 14 mventwns and over 100 patents. . . . . With the introduction of the mcotme gum mto the U mted States, that may change. With a success rate s~veral times higher than that of any ?t?er tested method, the mcot_me gum invention may ass1st millions of smokers to k1ck the1r ?abit, if they are motivated to do so (see accompanymg artiCle). Eight of 14 of Dr. Lundgren's patente_d inve_ntions are various improved underwater breathmg dev1ces. F1ve of these have been marketed and two of them are in regular use by the Swedish Navy for deep sea explorations. Describing one of his inventions, Dr. Lundgren observed that deep sea divers fatigue easily because of the difference in gas pressure between the divers' lungs _an? their breath!ng apparatus. With a special we1ght system ms1de the breathmg device that he developed, this pressure difference can be equalized and diving fatigue reduced. A second underwater device is a special means for in­ dividual rescue from sunken submarines. Two other examples are devices that economize and save breathing gas in scuba gear. One of these inventions allows the diver to stay un?er­ water three times longer than when usmg other known dev1ces, . . while carrying the same amount. of ga~. Another one of his successful mvent1ons IS a spec1al exer­ cycle that is mu~h. more ad_aptable than the conventional bicycle-like exerc1smg machme. Known techmcally as an ergometer, Lundgren'~ exercyc_le can be used in_any position, whether sitting, standmg or lymg down. Thus It can be used by rehabilitation and bed ~ ridden patients ~nd older peo~le. His device also has a centnfugal brake that simulates the wmd resistance of a real bicycle. I n his mild Swedish accent ove~laid with British inflections, Lundgren described one of h1s less successful mvenuons. Fifteen years ago, he developed a ':'ethod and apparatus for carrying out an instantaneous nat1onal opm1on poll. Us1~g a "black box" device that could be attached to a TV, an enure population cou_ld, at a given sig1_1al, register their opi~ions on topics by pushmg a button or msertmg a_ card. Th1s would send a brief electric surge at an exact t1me that could be measured above the background levels. The UB scientist's device would be largely tamper-proof an? t?e effects of "cheating" could be distinguished from genume 1mpulses. He doesn't know why the idea was never adopted, but technology 6 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN advances, especially with computers, have changed the whole picture, anyway. He then expressed what is probably a common experience among inventors. "It's absolutely amazing;' Dr. Lundgren ex­ claimed, "You learn that when you approach people with an invention, you can have reactions that are 180° apart. Th1s happened with the chewing gum. Some of the people I ap­ proached with this idea that led to the gum thought 1t was one of the most idiotic things they ever heard of ... but some others said 'Now that's got real potential!' " Dr. Lun?gren agreed that a manufacturer's "creative" ability to recogmze an opportunity presented by a new invention is as important for its success as the creativity that led to the invention itself. Dr. Lundgren continues to create new ideas. He laments, however, that inventing is only a spare time activity on some weekends, and he wishes he had more time to pursue 1t. He is currently working on ways to prevent and relieve the "bends," an often lethal condition caused by surfacing from a dive too quickly. ew concepts in lightweight design for buildings and aircraft are also on his mind. Improvementon the current technology for saltwater to freshwater conversiOn is another idea he mentioned. A close collaborator m these endeavors is Dr. Joseph Mollendorf, associate professor in UB's School of Engineering. Lest we overlook his major professional activity, Dr. Lundgren works full-time on a number of University research projects in diving physiology. He and other researchers at h1s laboratory have been conducting studies for more than 10 years. Lundgren and his colleagues, Drs. Donald Hickey and William orf1eet, utilize a unique device for their research: a man-rated pressure chamber with the largest pressure range in the world. The chamber can simulate pressures from 60,000 feet of altitude to 5600 feet of seawater depth. It is equipped with apparatus that allows subjects to remain in it for weeks. The Office of Naval Research funds part of the effort. 0 ne object of research is how various mixtures of compressed gases affect divers' body functions. "Another line of interest," Dr. Lundgren says, "has to do with breath-hold diving (no breathing apparatus). Anybody who is faced with the danger of drowning depends on his or her ability to hold the b~e~th until they get to the surface." By studying breath-hold diVIng in his chamber, researchers can monitor physiological changes that occur as divers make rapid descents. Research in breath-hold diving has important implications for public safety because of the popularity of snorkeling and diving. With funding from the New York Sea Grant Institu_te, work in Dr. Lundgren's laboratory is now underway to In­ vestigate the stress on the blood circulation that breath-hold diving causes. Volunteer subjects do breath-hold dives under­ water in the pressure chamber to simulated depths of 66 feet. Their heart action is monitored and the researchers are on the lookout for too forceful a distension of the heart that may result as the high pressure forces blood into the chest and the heart. Heart distension might be one cause of otherwise hard to explain sudden deaths in swimmers and divers. Dr. Lundgren is supporting Dr. Richard Morin and UB professor of pediatrics Dr. Edmund Egan in a different field of physiology research - investigations into the mechanism behind the redistribution of blood into the lung at the mo­ ment of birth. "In the fetus, most of the blood that goes through the heart does not go through the lung. This changes at the moment of birth because it becomes redirected;' he explains. "That major readjustment is not clearly understood." What is clearly understood, though, is that the creative contributions of Claes Lundgren will continue as usual. • �·- • • • c \ ~ -,--\ ,-.::..,_ ,... - I Large photo shows Lundgren In hvperllarlc tacilltv. (Inset} His exercycle and breathing ap· paratus Inventions. -.. :- '. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 7 �Hospice Buffalo Good work and good medicine ''w By Bruce S. Kershner e're not in hospice care to be 'good guys' or because it's the work of the angels. We're doing this because it's good medicine - and it works. It is people getting into the trenches and working with patients who have unmet needs." This is how Dr. Robert Milch describes the motivation of physicians and other health care professionals who get involved in hospice care. M_il~h is the medical direc­ tor of Hospice Buffalo, Inc., and climcal assistant professor of surgery at UB. Hospice refers to the specialized program of care that assists people with advanced cancer to live meanmgful, pam­ free lives when palliative care is indicated. The first com­ prehensive conference on hospice _care in the r~gion will be held April 26-27 in Buffalo. Dr. Milch IS one of Its organizers and will present its first medicine workshop (see ,tccompanying article on "An Institute on Hospice Care) . Dr. Milch explained that he got mterested m hospice care in much the same way that others have - through direct ex­ perience with patients with advanced, intractable cancer. "I think that anyone who deals with these patients has got to be interested in new ways of pain and symptom control;' he stated. Referring to the origins of the concept of hospice care, Milch observed, "Historically, cancer patients have been the ones whose needs were least well met by the health care system. '(hey'vc always been the patient in the last room at the end of the hall with the curtain drawn closed." He added, "I would like to see the needs of this patient population met. I'd like to see quality care given to them. The rest will take care of itself." The need for more expertise in the area of symptom con­ trol, according to Dr. Milch, also contributed to the develop­ ment of the hospice care concept. Dr. Milch eloquently described what distinguishes hospice care from the traditional health care goals of "investigate, diagnose, treat, cure." "The fact that these patients arc dying is an emphasis that is thrust on us;' he explained. "You will very rarely hear those in hospice work refer to their patients as 'terminally ill' - it's meaningless. They are really patients with a shortened life expectancy or advanced malignant disease. But as soon as you use the label 'terminally ill; traditional care givers begin to withdraw. Hospice puts the emphasis not on the dying but on the living. The emphasis has to be on the living because that is what these people are doing. Let the others treat the tumor, we'll treat the patient." T hat treatment not only includes ways to relieve the pain and symptoms of the disease but also ?Piritu~l and psychological care oft~~ patient. An~ agam, unlike the traditional approach of medtcme, psychological and social sup­ port for the patient's family is an ess_ential part_ of hospice care. Remembering when he first got mvolved with Hosptce Buf­ falo Dr. Milch told how he was asked by Dr. 1om Doeblin of the local American Cancer Society to coordinate the an­ nual conference for physicians in 1977. Their annual meetings typically were attended by 60-80 physicians. When Milch said that he thought hospice care would be ~ great theme for the meeting, he was met with some skeptic ism. Few thought the 8 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN idea would attract very many people. Dr. Milch confidential­ ly made a bet with Charlotte Shedd, founder of Hospice Buf­ falo, Inc., that more than 100 would attend. He would donate a certain amount to the organization for every person under 100 that attended the meeting, while she would similarly donate to Hospice Buffalo an amount for every person over 100. To their pleasant surprise, attendance at the meeting far exceeded both of their expectations. Shortly after, Dr. Milch signed on as the medical director of Hospice Buffalo. The local hospice movement took off with the support it got from the community. Buffalo General Hospital offered a five-bed palliative care unit to Hospice Buffalo. "Here's a private corporation supporting a community group in a totally unique and previously untried form of health care delivery - that's different;' Dr. Milch remarked, smiling. In 1979, Hospice Buffalo was designated one of ew York State's demonstration projects. Today, Hospice Buffalo, Inc., provides treatment and consultation to over 200 people each year, 8 per cent of the total terminally ill cancer patients in Erie County. It has 13 paid staff at its corporate office not far from UB's School of Medicine. Three physicians, including Dr. Milch, offer their services, as well as five home care nurses, two social workers and an occupational therapist. Also pro­ viding hospice care services are a nutritionist, a psychologist consultant, a pastoral care coordinator and a bereavement counselor. Hospice Buffalo gave over 300 presentations last year. Besides benefitting cancer patients and their families, hospice care has a direct benefit to society as well by reduc­ ing the high cost of care for these patients. According to some studies, the cost of care for dying pa­ tients may be twice that for other seriously ill patients, with the costs increasing as the probability of survival decreases. Because hospice care attempts whenever possible to place pa­ tients in their own homes, the medical costs associated with hospital and institutional care are avoided. �Conference on hospice care It's first of its kind in the area T Dr. Robert Milch (page opposite} and planning group tor Hospice conference (this page}. "It was not until we did a retrospective cost analysis for the insurance companies (after spending two years living on public contributions), that they agreed to cover the expenses of hospice care;' Dr. Milch pointed out. "We looked at 50 pa­ tients under traditional care in the last six months of life, and determined it had cost 6,800 per patient. Then we compared this to the cost for 50 patients under hospice care, primarily at home- and it cost 3,200 per patient. Hospice care is cost effective." I n 1979, 89 per cent of the 2000 cancer patients who died in Eric County did so in acute care settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. Last year, 89 per cent of patients cared for by Hospice Buffalo died in their homes, at lower cost and surrounded by family and familiar surroundings. Dr. Milch's primary role in the April "Institute on Hospice Care" "was to put forth the idea and then find very talented people to carry on from there. Susan Russ, the overall coor­ dinator, Cathy Hanrahan, the assistant coordinator, and Daniel Farstad arc among dozens who helped organize the conference;' he said. "We were searching for a way to communicate to the pro­ fessional and lay public not only what hospice is all about, but what it docs. There's a great sense among hospice workers of wanting to share what we know." The institute is being supported by Hospice Buf~alo, Inc., UB and Buffalo General Hospital, as well as Blue Sh1eld, Blue Cross, drug companies, and local organizations. A Buffalo native, Robert Milch is also a UB alumnus (BA '64, MD '68). A UB clinical assistant professor since 1978, he is also an associate surgeon at Buffalo General Hospital and Children's Hospital. He has served as president of b~th Hospice Buffalo and the ational Associauon of Hosp1ce Physicians. Outside of his patient care and work with the hospice movement, Milch conducts research in pain control and management of surgical patients. His extracurricular time is spent with his family and hobbies such as pl~ymg the banJ~· When asked about his shelf of books on mag1c and slight-of­ hand, he explained that he enjoyed dabbling in magic tricks and that it was also an excellent tool to cheer up his pcd1atnc patients. Then, with his typical broad smile and warm sense of humor, he chuckled, "All surgeons practice a little sleightof-hand - now you see it, now you don't!"_ . Returning again to the subject that most mterests hm1, he concluded, "The principles of hospice care arc apphcable throughout the med ical profession: I t scn~ i tizes one to the needs of the patients and their famd1c~ . I t IS a reaffi~mat1on of a ll the best in why we went into mcd1cmc and nursm!S a?,d social work . We have to be not JUSt carc-g1vmg, but canng. • he first comprehensive conference on hospice care to be held in the upstate New York/eastern Great Lakes region will be held April 26-27 in Buffalo, called "An Institute on Hospice Care;' it is sponsored by Hospice Buffalo, Inc. in cooperation with UB and Buffalo General Hospital. The two-day training institute, which includes seven con­ current workshops, is designed to help physicians and other health care professionals, clergy and volunteers understand the hospice concept, a specialized program of care that assists people with advanced cancer live meaningful, pain-free lives, when palliative care is indicated. Balfour Mount, M.D., the leading authority in North America on hospice care, will be the keynote speaker. He is director of the Palliative Care Unit at Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal. Dr. Steven Sample, president of the University, will give the welcome address. · The Medicine Workshop's goal is to improve physicians' understanding of the principles of palliative symptom control and of how a physician-directed interdisciplinary team should apply these principles. Robert A. Milch, M.D., medical director of Hospice Buf­ falo and associate professor of surgery at UB, will present the first session (see accompanying article). He will review the fun­ damentals of pain and symptom control during the workshop devoted to medicine. Six other physicians will also speak. The next two sessions will discuss the usc of transcutaneous electrical stimulation, epidural morphine and biofeedback. The last medicine workshop session will offer panel discus­ sions on physician-patient-team interactions between the hospice program and the health care community. During the nursing workshop, Madelon Amenta, R.N., director of education and research for Forbes Hospice in Pitt­ sburgh, and Diane Lee, R.N., home care night R.N. for Hospice Buffalo, will identify the characteristics needed in nurses who must consider the care, and not the cure, of a pa­ tient in home care. The social work workshop is intended to expand the skills of social workers so they can counsel hospice patients and their families. Leading the occupational therapy workshop will be Phillip Shannon, chairman of the Department of Occupational Therapy at UB. Kent Tigges, UB occupational therapy pro­ fessor, who IS the resident OT consu ltant for Hosp ice Buffalo, will discuss how occupational therapists can help terminally­ ill patients live their last days to the fullest. The pastoral care workshop will explore the ethical issues of hospice care. Grief and its value will be spotlighted by the bereavement workshop. Sherri Alper, social worker at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, and Thomas Frantz, Ph.D., UB associat~ professor of educational psychology and co-founder of the L1fe and Death Transition Center in Buffalo, will speak. The seventh workshop wi ll examine the role of the volunteer in a hospice sett ing. It will stress understanding the sexuality and sensuality concerns of patients and their families. The speaker will be Ellen Christensen, director of UB's Sex­ uality Education Center. . Registration is $90. Students presenting current identifica­ tiOn from _an accredited university wil l be charged on ly $65. More mformatJOn can be obtained by writing to Hospice Buffalo, I nc., Institute '84, 2929 Main Street, Buffalo, N.Y. 14214, or by calling 716-838-4438. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 �Little known schools 19th century medical school is source of confusion for historians By Oliver P. Jones, Ph.D., M.D., Distinguished Professor Emeritus in Anatomy 'Presented at the Surg1cal Staff Conference of the Millard Fillmore Hospital. 1 February 1980. This shows the first and onlv School ot OsteopaUJv In Buffalo located at 1331 Main Street from Januarv 1904 to June 1905. (This print from Booth's Historv of Osteopathv was klndlv furnished IJv Dr. Sherwood R. Mercer). L ess ~han two years after the Un!versity of Buffalo receiv­ ed Its charter, a pnvate rnecltcal school was opened. How this was received by the regular medical pro­ fession is best explained in an edit~rial by U B's Austin Flint, as follows: Dr. Congar, whose card will be found upon the advertis­ ing pages, proposes to open a private medical school in Buf­ falo for the purpose of giving a continued, regular, and thorough course of instruction. Dr. Congar has already had some experience in giving private instruction and examina­ tions, and while he has demonstrated to himself the success of the project, he has also demonstrated to others his com­ plete qualifications for the duty. The facilities which he now offers to his pupils are extraordinary, and ought to ensure him full rooms. The amount which he proposes to charge for a year's tuition - $50, is something more than the stu­ dent pays whose duty it is to clean office, carry medicines, and collect accounts, but the amount of his acquisitions in medicine and surgery, will, we venture to affirm, be also something greater. In this way only, by entering offices where tuition is demanded, and where regular and constant instruction is given, can young men ever be made good �- ll students and prepared to practice. The $50 thus paid, is $200 earned, for the student will/earn more in one year in such an office, than he can learn in three years in the office of any man, however extensive his practice, who leaves his stu­ dent to instruct himself. 1 Flint recognized that the weakest link in the chain of en.:nts (or obstacles) leading to the M.D. degree was the three year apprenticeship. Just like professors - preceptors were either good bad or indifferent. Some medical students lived in the hom~s of their preceptors and took part in the domestic af­ fairs of their instructor's household - by greasing the cloc­ tm's carriage, feeding the horse or running errands lor his wile. Other apprentices had out-elated books placed before them - however poorly they may have been prepared to analyze them - with no instruction or recitations conducted by their respective prcceptors. 2 Flint remarked that the three years spent were "often worse than lost, for it frequently happens that he (the student) imbibes the routine errors of the practitioner, whose dogmatical maxims constitute the only lessons he receives, which, if he would afterward progress, he is com­ pelled to unlcarn ."3 In the antebellum clays, the blame for poor or inadequate medical education was directed toward the medical school - but a far greater blame rested with the private teacher who admitted pupib to his office \\.holly un­ prepared to enter the study of medicine. 45 The f(Jrmation of a private medical school was an attempt to improve apprenticeships and elevate the standards for the practice of medicine. This school did not pose a threat to the University of Buffalo because it was devoid of degree gran­ ting privileges. Furthermore, Dr. Horace M. Congar was not only a regular physician (allopathic) but also a member of the Buffalo Medical Association and the Eric Count} Medical Society. This was quite different from what some homeopathists attempted to do 30 years later. D r. Elliott Hague, ophthalmologist and bibliophile, reported that, "Around 1879 lour new medical schools were f(JunJ in Buffalo ..."6 It was most frustrating to find this article of historic import devoid of bibliographic references. Dean Julian Park [an historian ofUB] used Hague's material and said, "In 1879 four such schools (with far less exacting standa.rds than Buffalo and Niagara) had been founded; all closed w1thm five years, two by court order ... 7 Dean Park did a most inex­ cusable thing for a professional historian, he did not seek out the source of Hague's information and verify it. ~s a ~1attcr of fact, he did not e\-cn usc the correct bibliographic reference for Hague's article. The main purpose of this paper is to cor­ rect these oversights and add some ncvv matenal. In March 1879, some homeopathists received a charter under an obsolete law entitled, "An Act for the Organization and Incorporation of Benevolent, Charitable, Scientific and Missionary Societies, passed April 12th, 1848."8 The Buffalo College of Rational Medicine began its classes in. ovember 1879 on the fourth floor and part of the third m the new building on Seneca Street, opposite the post oflic~. 9 This_ac­ tion was not approved by the Homeopathic Medical Societ} of Eric County.10 In spite of this, the new college moved to Mohawk Street corner of Pearl Street. In less than th1-ec months a new charter was obtained and the name was changed to Buff~do Homeopathic College of Physicians and Surgeons. 11 Figure 1 shows its location at 19 \.\'. Mohawk Street. Beca~Jse of its location, the publit referred to it as the "l\1ohawk Mechcal College" and the press called it "The N~w S~hool". to d!stingu}sh it from "The Old School" - the Umvcrslty of Buffalo. 1 he first commencement was held on 26 February 1880, and short­ ly thereafter, the name of the college was cha1~g~d to "The Col­ lege of Physicians and Surgeons."12 Hence, It Is obvious that ~= -· --~1 Dr. Hague and Dean Park did not do their homework. The Buffalo Cify Directory for 1880 lists Dr. S.W. Wetmore as clean and professor of surgery at the College of Physicians and Surgeons. To make matters not onl1 more complicated but interesting, Dr. Wetmore graduated from the University of Buffalo in 1862, became a professional grave robber, and demonstrator of anatomy at his alma mater.13 The "New School" was under fire from two sources - one outside and the other inside its walls. The Board of Censors of the Eric County Medical Society criticized the College of Physicians and Surgeons for its unlimited and unrestricted power to grant diplomas. Well known legal ad\ isors were asked to bring this before the attention of the Attorney General of the State for an order to present the case before the proper court. 14 In spite of the college's ill repute, it did striv<; for some respectability by insisting that a thesis had to be submitted before graduation. Dr. \VR. Crumb submitted a thesis on "The Pulse" and was duly graduated with an M.D. degree. 15 Later, Dr. R.V. Pierce claimed that Dr. J.T Walton, who worked at the World's Dispensary, had authored the thesis for a fcc of $5.00 but had not been paid. 'The bcsciged College of Physicians and Surgeons declared that Crumb's thesis was null and void, that he return the diploma and his graduation fee would be returned. That is the last that we hear of Dr. Crumb - the chances arc that he joined the ranks of the quacks. The Attorney General instituted an action in the Supreme Court in Buffalo to obtain a decree that the College was not legally incorporated. The result of the suit was that the Col­ lege was clcclarccl illegal and an injunction was obtained restraining the College from proceeding with its work. The defendants filed a demure which was overruled by .Judge Barkcr.16 He also said that the college could continue as a medical school but could not grant degrees. Hence, it was pro­ posed that the College of Physicians and Surgeons should af~ filiate with Alfred University in Allegany County, N.Y., but before this connection could be completed, an old law of 1826 was unearthed prohibiting such an affiliation of medical col­ leges outside of towns in which the college was locatcd. 17 Thereafter, an act was passed by the Legislature and signed by Governor Cornell entitled ':4n Act to R~:strict the Formation of Corporations Under an Act Entitled, /1n Act to Provide for the In ­ corporation of Benevolent, Charitable, Scientific and Afis1ionmy Societies.'" It was very cunningly devised, especially the title, to awrt suspicion and help it through.18 This also provided that all degrees hcrctof(Jn' and hereafter conferred by them shall be declared valid. The defunct Buff~tlo College showed itself again by announcing itself as "ready for the fall trade." Buffalo received some unexpected legal assistance when the New York County Medical Society found that they too had an eclectic school, called The United States Medical Col ­ lege, right in their backyard. This outraged the Society to say, "This thing shall not be." The outcome was to hme the Medical College's charter declared illcgaJ.19 However, just about that time the Legislature had passed a bill that legalized certain institutions in the State that had no legal charter and confer­ red on them the right of granting diplomas. It waited for Go-.:ernor Cleveland's signature. The E1·ie County Medical Soucty drafted a strong protest which resulted in the GonT­ nor refusing to sign the bill, and therefore it !~tiled to become ~ lav\.. 20 As a final note, an injunction was obtained refrain­ mg the College of Physicians and Surgeons from graduating a class. 21 This college was not listed in the Buffalo City Direc­ tory after 1883. Up to this point, one homeop.athic college obtainecl .thrcc Illegal charters and changed Its name two tunes. A fourth BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 11 �Buffalo Homeopathic COllege of l'hVSicians and Sun.~Bons at 19 w. Mohawk Street. ccourtesv of Buffalo and Erie Countv Historical SocletvJ. such college was dubbed by the public and press as the "Mohawk Medical College" by virtue of its location at 19 W. Mohawk Street. The so-called Hamburg Canal College re­ mains elusive. It was never listed in the Buffalo City Directory from 1879 to 1883; it was not mentioned in the proceedings of the Eric County Medical Society and not in the newspaper accounts of the court proceedings. Since Hague 6 and Park 7 have been woefully inaccurate in their documentation, could it be that Hague referred to the Seneca Street location of the Buffalo College of Rational Medicine as the "Hamburg Canal College" because of its relative proximity to that area? At the moment this is the most logical solution to the bibliographic confusion since the beginning of the Hamburg Canal Col­ lege and the Buffalo College of Rational Medicine according to Hague and Park had identical life spans, 1879 to 1884. Hence, there were not four other medical schools founded in Buffalo from 1879 to 1884, as according to HagucG and repeated by Park, 7 but one that changed its name twice and was dubbed by the public and press by two local names refer­ ring to geographic location. Hermann Sass, librarian, Buffalo and Eric County Historical Museum, had an inquiry in 1976 about the possi ­ ble existence of an osteopathic school in Buffalo. He asked me about this, but I did not know the answer until about a year later. By a stroke of luck, Dr. Sherwood R. Mercer and I were on the same program at The College of ~hysicians of Philadelphia, 12January 1977. Dr. Mercer, professor emeritus of the history of medicine and osteopathy, Philadelphia Col­ lege of Osteopathic Medicine, spoke about the history of osteopathy and about Dr. Austin Flint. This afforded the op­ portunity to learn about ost~opathy in Buffalo. After this meeting he sent me a handwntten copy of a paragr~ph from Booth's History of Osteopathy. 22 Indeed, Buffalo dtd have a School of Osteopathy in 1904. It was called the Atlantic School of Osteopathy and was located at 1331 Main Street (Fig. 2). This posed several questions: How long did this school function in Buffalo? Was its charter granted either by the 12 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Legislature or the Board of Regents of the U nivcrsity of the State of New York? What happened to it after it wa remO\Td from Buffalo? The New York State Education Department referred me to the New York State Osteopathic Society in Seaford, 1 .Y. Dr. Ben C. Scharf, executive secretary, referred me to Dr. Ed­ ward P. Crowell, executive director of the American Osteopathic Association in Chicago. From then on the pieces began to fall in place. According to the Association's records, the Atlantic School of Osteopathy was founded in Wilkes­ Barre, Pa., in 1899. The college received its charter from the State of New Jersey. In 1904 it was moved to Buffalo in order to secure the greater advantages of a large city. It remained there until June 1905 when it was consolidated with the American School of Osteopathy in Kirksville, Missouri. Finally, just think that if Dr. Hague and Dean Park had done their homework, I would have been deprived the thrill of discovery. • FOOTNOTES I. Ed1tonal. Buffalo Med1ca/ J. 3 . 501-502, 1848 Z. W1Iham Fredenck Norwood. Medical EducatiOn m the Umted States Be/ore the C1v11 War, Ph1ladelph1a, Umv Penn Press. 1944 3. Flint, A. Ed1tona1 - Med1cal Reform. Buffalo Med. J. 1. 249-253, 1846 4. Ed1tonal Medical Reform and Pnvate Instructors Ibid 8: 122·124, 1852 5. Coventry. C B. Remarks on the self-reformation of the med1cal profesSIOn lb1d 5. 575-585, 1850. 8. Hague. E Development of med1cal education 1n Western New York. Particularly in Buffalo NY State J. Med 55: 3311-17. 1955 7. Park, J Med1c1ne starts the Un1vers1ty Pubs Buffalo and Efle Co H1st Soc. 8 48-58. t961 8. Editonal - Hahnemann's DISCiples Buffalo Express 3 March. 1879 8. Hahnemann's DISCiples Buffalo Express 31 March t879. 10. Homeopathic Action. lb1d. 9 May 1879 11. Ed1tonal - Buffalo College of Phys1c1ans and Surgeons, Buffalo Med. J N S 21. 89-90, 1881 1Z. The New School Buffalo Express, 27 February 1880 13. Jones. O.P Confessions of Three Grave Robbers Buffalo Phys1c1an 15: No.2. 12-19, 1981. 14. Sem1-Annual Meetmg of the Ene County Med1cal Soc1ety /b1d N.S 20: 562-64. 1881. 15. Dr Crumb's Thes1s Buffalo Express 23 Apnl 1881 11. Hon. Gregory Barker, DeCISIOn of Supreme Court Regard1ng the Legality of the Charter of the College ol Phys1c1ans and Surgeons of Buffalo. Buffalo Med J N S 21 · 49-60, 1881 17. Med1cal Departments Buffalo Express 20 February 1882; 25 February 1882; 15 March 1882. 22 March 1882. 18. Med1ca1 Colleges. Ibid. 2 July 1882 18. Disturbed Doctors. lb1d tO March 1883 ZO. Soc1ety Reports Buffalo Med. J N S 23.· 363-367, 1887 Zl. No Commencement Today. Buffalo Mornmg Express 8 June 1883 Zl. E R Booth History of Osteopathy and Twentieth-Century MediCal PractiCe. (C1nc1nnat1, Caxton Press, t905) pp 92-93 J �Nuclear holocaust Concerned physicians group feels the best medical survival plan is to preclude the need for any T J he spectre of nuclear war frightens people in every na­ tion. But probably no group is, or should be, more concerned about what happens after the missiles explode than the medical community. They will play an integral role in the picking up and glueing back together of the remaining pieces of human civilization. However, unlike the engineers who must rebuild the physical world or the bureaucrats who must try to restore law and order, medical professionals are faced with a peculiar situation. Their talents and knowledge will be most demand­ ed and will be demanded immediately. Very likely, doctors and nurses will be in short supply. Yet as the arms build-up continues to escalate, there is a growing concern among doc­ tors that any realistic medical nuclear disaster aid plan must preclude the need for any such plan at all. An expanding number of physicians are turning their energies toward preven­ ting nuclear holocaust rather than preparing for its aftermath. A result of this burgeoning anti-nuclear movement among medical professionals is Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR), a Boston-based national organization "dedicated to the professional and public education on the hazards of nuclear weapons and nuclear war." The group recently endorsed a bilateral arms freeze as the "first step" in total nuclear weapons reduction. PSR was formed in 1961 by a group of Boston physicians who questioned the medical advisability of testing nuclear weapons in the atmosphere as well as the lack of available data on the biological consequences of a nuclear war. But after the 1963 signing of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, in which PSR was credited as playing a major role in developing public awareness of the dangers of atmospheric explosions, PSR's organizing power began to wane and fell dormant until 1979, when another group of Boston physicians resurected the organization, this time in response to the perceived hazards of nuclear power and war. Shortly after its resurrection, the Three Mile Island incident grabbed the headlines and PSR membership began to soar. Currently, PSR has over 25,000 members and 110 chapters across the U.S. and an Advisory Board consisting of such medical notables as Robert Jay Lifton, H. Jack Geiger, a~d Jona E. Salk. Beginning in 1980, the PSR returned to Its original educational role by sponsoring a series of symposia on major American and Canadian college campuses concerned with "the medical consequences of nuclear war and nuclear weapons." The lecture approach was so successful it has been repeated and updated since its Harvard prem iere, and other campuses have played host to local chapter-inspired symposia over the past two years. Last spring, the UB Medical School hosted the Western ew York chapter's own seminar series on "Health Professionals in the Nuclear Weapons Era," which was repeated and expanded, this February, under the guidance of chapter president Tim Byers, UB assistant professor of sooal and preventive medicine and assistant research pr?fessor _of ex­ perimental pathology at Roswell Park Memonal Institute. Following are capsulized reports from those symposia held in Farber Hall of the Medical School. They were compiled by Linda Grace-Kobas, Mary Kunz, and John K. Lapiana. Nuclear Winter/ Nuclear Summer S urviving a nuclear holocaust is no easy task. If you are fortunate enough not to be instantaneously dematerialized, then the problem of side stepping powerful heat blasts as hot as the Sun's surface and avoiding looking at light flashes so intense as to explode the beholder's eyes still exists. After the immediate destructive consequences, any survivors would have to scavenge food and water in a contaminated world. Until recently such a scenario was thought catastrophic but, in a macabre way, somewhat survivable. However, scientists now believe the most destruc­ tive after-effect of nuclear war will not be what civil defense authorities have planned against for the past 39 years, but something physicists stumbled upon only last year - the nuclear winter. Soon after the last missile hits its target, explained Jonathan Reichert, UB profe sor of physics and astronomy, the effects of the nuclear winter will be realized. Temperatures could dip as much as 80 degrees in the aftermath of a "small war" in which only one-third of the superpowers' nuclear arsenals were launched, Reichert said at the first ses­ sion of the four-part PSR lecture series at UB. Photo of Hiroshima 11/C· tim showing "Kimono Effect" burn patterns caused bv nuclear blast. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �-- ,, "The temperature will stay down for at least a few weeks," Reichert said. "That will be a crucial time for human survival." Reichert foresees additional problems if the war occurs during the summer, since the only clothes victims would have access to would be the light garments worn when the bombs explod­ ed. In addition, he noted, little, if any, fuel or electricity would be available for heating the shelters victims take refuge in. A substantial percentage of the sur­ vivors would not only die from radia­ tion's long range effects but could also succumb to the cold, Reichert predicted, adding that the nuclear winter would be more severe if the war were larger than his "limited" theoretical example. "In a big war, the nuclear winter could last months;' he said. "The sum­ mer temperatures would go down as low as 50 or 60 degrees below zero." Accor­ ding to recent research, Reichert add­ ed, few, if any, locations exist where the nuclear winter's deadly effects could be escaped. A nuclear winter's fuel would be pro­ vided by firestorms caused by the bomb's intense heat blasts. Such infer­ nos, Reichert conceded, "were missed by scientists for a long time;' who instead centered research on the after-effects of radioactivity and the bomb's destructive value. In addition to the rapid temperature drop and the possibility of "subzero readings in the middle ofjuly;' Reichert noted that the cold would most likely kill any surviving crops and prevent the sowing of new plants. Animal life, too, could be permanently upset. "The food chain;' he said, "would be severely disrupted." Whatever life survived the nuclear winter would then have to conquer what Fred Snell, UB professor_of biophysical sciences, called "the nuclear summer, the time when things get really hot." Such a "season" consists of constant clays of unbearably high temperatures resulting from the absence of the earth's protective ozone layer, which would be a casualty of the bombs' radiation. Without the ozone filtering the sun's rays and buffering the surface from scorching temperatures, Snell predicted daily temperatures would consistently hover well over 100 degrees. However, Snell warned that the loss of the ozone's ray-filtering effect would probably cause the most damage. "The unfiltered ultra­ violet rays would kill most plants and blind many an imals;' he said , adding that humans, too, would be in danger of losing their sight and would risk a hi gher probability of contracting skin cancer. 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Surviving World War III, Reichert concludes, is relatively impossible, whether you li ve in downtown Washington, D.C. or on the Canadian tundra. "It's not bad enough to be wor­ ried about being killed with heat, radia­ tion, and flying debris," he said, "but we will also be hit with severe temperatures and ultra-violet rays. The concept of the nuclear winter makes the picture all the more horrible." Snell, a former Army M.D., also discussed the medical consequences of a nuclear explosion, recalling his tour of duty surveying the biological damage caused by the first atomic bomb explo­ sion in Hiroshima, Japan . Although he visited the city 15 months after the historic detonation, Snell said little had changed since August 6, 1945. "Being in Hiroshima was a moving experience;' he recalled. "I wasn't sur­ prised with what I saw - the city was destroyed. "There was no rebuilding, the Red Cross Hospital was full of patients;' he said. "They were in the hallways, they were everywhere." While cataloging the patients, Snell said he became familiar with the three distinctive types of radiation effects. The immediately felt effects result in injuries that arc "too revolting;' he said. "There is severe burning and charring of the skin. Some of the burns were so intense that if a person was wearing different colored clothing, the pattern would be left behind as a scar." "Kimono Scars;' in which the intricate pattern of the tradi tiona] Japanese garb was etched onto the skin of the wearer, were frequent medical sights, Snell said. He also noted cases in which radiation caused victims' eyes to first expand and then "explode" inside the skull. Radiation's delayed effects, Snell noted, arc primarily manifest in the form of radiation sickness, "which gets worse and worse." The disease's first symptoms are diarrhea and vomiting, the result of radiation "burning out" the lining of the intestinal tract. Soon, he explained, purplish spots appear under the skin and hair begins to fall out. Open wounds will not heal because, Snell said, the body's immunological system has ceased to function. The pa­ tient is then, much like a victim of AIDS, at the mercy of any infection or disease. After six months, Snell noted, radia­ tion's long term effects begin to emerge. Pregnancies end in still births or abnor­ mal chi ldren, and other radiation­ inspired maladies arc fostered. But, he added, "we have no evidence so far" that radiation, for the Hiroshima survivors - - at least, has caused any genet ic mutations. While second generation studies arc currently being administered, Snell said he learned more than just practical medical knowledge while stationed in the decimated city. "What we must really do;' he said , "is to get together a strategy to ensure that (Hiroshima) wi!l never happen again." They'll forward your mail F or nuclear strategists, it presented an attractive scenario: days or even weeks before Soviet and U.S. leaders ac­ tually had to push the buttons launch ing the swarms of warheads that would turn most cities in the two nation into heaps of radioactive ash, major American cities would be evacuated in an orderly manner accord ing to previously design­ ed mass evacuation - or crisis reloca­ tion - plans. In 1980, President Reagan approved a seven-year, $4.2 billion program that called for relocating up to two-thirds of the American public in case of immi­ nent threat of nuclear war. ' l(> be ad­ ministered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the plan called for herding masses of city dwellers into rural "host areas;' where they could presumably wait out the attack and, after the fallout abated, return home. The crisis relocation plans met with mass derision . Time magazine ridicul­ ed FEMA's plan to issue "emergency change-of-address cards" to the millions of people who would be relocated. Syn­ dicated columnist Ellen Goodman quoted Tom Halstead of Physicians for Social Responsibility as commenting that to evacuate urban populations you must have "I) clays of warning, 2) recep­ tive host commun ities, 3) a docile and cooperative evacuation population, 4) nice weather, and 5) cooperative enemies." Crisis relocation plans have since been put on hold in many states, New York included, and are being replaced with general all-purpose disaster plan­ ning and preparedness. Richard Herskowitz, director of disaster preparedness planning for New York State, appearing in the second lec­ ture on nuclear issues, said that adverse public opinion caused the state's own crisis relocation plan to be shelved in the last year. So definite was the change in direc­ tion from crisis relocation to general disaster planning, that even the massive state bureaucracy responded by chang- - �ing Herskowitz' title and duties. "The full operational plan for crisis relocation has been basically shelved," Herskowitz said. "We're sticking with the evacuation plan and general pre­ paredness for man-made disasters. Basically what's left of the civil defense plan i a generic evacuation plan, the fallout shelter survey program, and a preparedness program to plan, for ex­ ample, how to distribute food in certain areas during disasters." Herskowitz did not agree with the no­ tion that crisis relocation planning was bad, a premise shared by most members of the audience and his partner in the program, UB Psychologist orman Solkoff, who analyzed anxiety and paranoia and described how people deny their nuclear terrors. Solkoff call­ ed active civil planning for nuclear war a "nice seduction - you offer hope, but no real protection." Herskowitz countered that while his critics say there is no usc to plan for survival in a nuclear war, there is no real way of knowing whether such an event is or is not survivable and that doing away with such planning "would eliminate some possible direction for survival, insufficient as it is." He added, "The smaller the attack, the greater the effect of preparedness would be. The greater the attack, the smaller the effect of preparedness." A debate arose over whether an evacuation of American and/or Soviet cities could be initiated as a political tac­ tic to force the other side to the negotiating table, and whether, if under­ taken, could backfire by leading the other side to think that the evacuating nation was ready to fire its missiles. Herskowitz said he docs not believe any president would "frivolously" order an evacuation of cities but that such a movement might force the other side to reconsider its initial plans. Solkoff pointed out a deadly Catch-22: "If you started an evacuation too soon, the other side may attack as a preemptive strategy. If too late, you're dead." Solkoff, in his prepared address, noted that the U.S. and Soviet nion can fire at a single launching 12,000 warheads of 340 megatons, or 170 times each the yield of the first Hiroshima bomb. Physicist Carl Sagan has calculated that no more than 2,500 of these warheads exploding could initiate a long "nuclear winter" in which the Earth would be shrouded in darkness and icc. (Herskowitz' response: "Who made Carl Sagan the expert of everything?") Solkoff recommended, "We should confront our anxieties (about nuclear war). Only then will we be able to act to avoid a future final holocaust." Is it already too late? T imc is running out for nuclear dis­ armament, James Mang, the direc­ tor of the Western cw York Peace Center argued during his presentation in the series. Mang outlined the storied history of the disarmament or arms control move­ ment, warning that not enough progress is occurring to prevent nuclear war in the near future. "Presently, little has been happening in serious arms control negotiations;' Mang noted. "Although there are some possibilities existing which should be further explored." Heading the parade, he said, arc the flawed START talks, which "while seen as simply a means to give the notion of arms talks;' still allow the superpowers to continue mass-producing weapons. START talks, Mang explained, deal only with old, already operative wea­ pons, not with new, potentially more destructive arms which may legitimately be built as the disarmament discussions continue. Mang blamed the U.S. administra­ tion for the failure o( the Comprehen­ sive Test Ban Treaty conferences, which were "progressing fairly well" until Ronald Reagan c>ssumed the Presidency in 1981. The talks' most important fac­ tor, Mang stressed, was that the United States and Great Britain had finally ca­ joled the Soviet Union into allowing on­ site inspections of its nuclear facilities, "a very considerable concession;' Mang said, for the Russians. However, "the ad­ vent of the Reagan Administration stop­ ped any further negotiation" at the pro­ mising sessions, Mang noted, stressing that "getting back to the table on the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty will be construed as an important first step towards other, more comprehensive, talks." Those "other talks;' Mang added, should include a "no first-use treaty" signed by every nuclear nation, a bilateral freeze on future weapons pro­ duction and a complete disarmament. Some progress toward a "no first-usc treaty" was accomplished, Mang ex­ plained; however the United States has yet to match the Soviet commitment to the concept. "The USSR has stated it will not usc nuclear weapons first," he said. "But the U.S. refuses to make that commitment." Still, the discussions arc, he continued, "helping to create a bet- ''If you started to evacuate too soon, the other side might attack as a preemptive strategy; it vou waited too long, though, vou could be dead!' BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �ter atmosphere for disarmament." ew emphases are being given to a bilateral freeze on arms production by the United States and the Soviet Union. Although talks between the two nations on the subject have yet to be formally broached, Mang noticed that support for the concept is being garnered from some more "non-traditional" sources. "The concept of a bilateral freeze has great significance in the world;' he said. "For the past two years the General Assembly of the United Nations has voted in favor of a freeze, with morena­ tions assenting to the call each year than the year before." At last count, he add­ ed, 119 nations had agreed to the UN­ inspired freeze asked for by the Mexican delegation. The freeze's general acceptability, ac­ cording to the polls, affords Americans a unique opportunity in an election year, Mang said, because candidates can be quizzed on specific aspects of arms control before votes arc cast. In addition to calling on them to pressure Presidential candidates to take anti­ nuclear stances, Mang advised the au~ dience to also explore Congressional avenues for arms control action. "We should ask Presidential candidates to call for a nuclear freeze;' he said, "but w~ can also ask Congress to begin en­ acting parts of a freeze rather than waiting for a President to do something." Gaining momentum in Europe, Mang explained, is the European Dis­ armament Movement (EDM), a group calling for a "combination of a freeze and the withdrawal of nuclear weapons from foreign territorY:' The EDM was instrumental in recent protests over deployment of Pershing II missiles in West Germany and Cruise missiles in Great Britain. "The movement's reason­ ing in continuing to fight against nuclear weapons," Mang said, is because "missiles like the Cruise and Pershing II have already been deployed on Euro­ pean soil, and there is little doubt that the build-up will continue!' However, despite the seemingly favorable attitude for either disarma­ ment or a freeze flourishing in many na­ tions, Mang said the world remains precariously close to destruction. "American-Soviet relations are at a tru­ ly disastrous point;' he assessed, "and the manufacturing of nuclear weapons is being accelerated. "The arms race is becoming more frightful not just because of more weapons being produced, but because of the kinds of weapons being developed and deployed - like the MX, the Tri­ dent missile, and the SS-20;' he said. "These are the kinds of weapons which 16 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN will make arms control very difficult and hard to verify." The continuing build-up of difficult to document arms in a global climate of disarmament, Mang said, reflects "the attitudes of the governments who control these weapons - the mentality . war." IS A race to oblivion A re we winning the nuclear arms race, or is the USSR? Has the Reagan administration taken the right attitude toward nuclear arms and the threat of a nuclear war? If a nuclear war occurs, will it be controllable? These questions and others were discussed in another session. The lecture featured Walter Simpson, UB energy conserva­ tion officer, and Dr. Jerome Slater, UB professor of political science. Speaking on "Weapons Delivery Systems and the Strategic Balance;' Simpson argued that "the U.S. is not behind" in the nuclear arms race. everthcless, he pointed out, "something is completely meaningless about the concept of nuclear superior­ ity - both sides have so much!' Nuclear strength, Simpson explain­ ed, can be measured in a number of ways. In some respects, the USSR is ahead of the U.S. Simpson explained that the Soviets possess a greater number of ICBMs (Inter-continental Ballistic Missiles) and launchers than are owned by the U.S. He added , however, that these superior numbers do not necessarily mean that the USSR is at an advantage. "The U.S. has 10,350 warheads, each capable of destroying a mid-size city;' he noted. "The USSR has only 8,000!' In other respects, too, the U.S. leads the USSR. American technology, Simpson implied, is far ahead of Soviet technology. The U.S. has produced weapons that are more accurate and more quickly launched. In addition, Simpson said, U.S. weapons are 10 per cent more likely to function properly than are Soviet weapons. Another important factor, Simpson pointed out, is survivability. "Can your forces withstand attack?" he questioned. "This question is an in­ credible deterrent. In this respect, the U.S. has the edge." ew weapons, though, and dizzying advances in technology make nuclear superiority more and more difficult to estimate. Cruise weapons, launched in various ways, are not detectable by satellite, and might, Simpson said, represent the end of arms control. The new Pershing II missile, possessing a 100 ft. accuracy range, can carry the force of at least a Hiroshima-sized bomb. Of 18 tests of the Pershing II missile, Simpson noted, five were failures. This error ratio, though, is hardly reassuring to the Soviets. Counterforce strategy, Slater explain­ ed, consists of two parts - first, an ef­ fort to find a way to make deterrents more credible, and second, to find a way to make nuclear weapons more actual­ ly usable, should it be necessary. Current counterforce strategy dic­ tates that the U.S. is "not targeting USSR cities or population;' Slater noted, "but military targets - bases, missiles, ports, heavy industry, etc. Some nuclear weapons, though, are kept in reserve to destroy their cities in case they destroy ours!' In the last decade, Slater said, "American weapons have been aimed overwhelmingly at military targets. Our weapons have improved accuracy - the strategy seems more plausible." U.S. strategy, Slater explained, focuses on destroying the Soviet power structure, while protecting ours, so the U.S. Presi­ dent could, conceivably, carry on pro­ tracted nuclear war. At all times, the U.S. has a total of 30,000 nuclear weapons. In the next five years, the Reagan administration plans to add more - including increased numbers of the Trident II missile and a force of 10,000 Cruise missiles, to be operational by the early 1990's. This counterforce strategy, Slater warned, might not be as wise as it seems at first glance. "It sounds good;' Slater said. "It sounds very seductive. However, the closer you look at it, the worse it is." The strategy, the professor suggested, is "based on a simplistic view of the USSR!' The U.S. assumes that the Soviet government is inhuman, and that the threat of destruction to their military bases and power structure might deter them more than the possibility of the annihilation of their cities and civilian population. This belief, Slater implied, is without substantial evidence. Worse, however, is a more harmful idea counterforce policy seems to sup­ port - specifically, that nuclear war is "controllable." Slater called such a belief an "illusion;' and warned against its acceptance. ''Anything that increases that notion increases the risk that some day a government might decide to start a nuclear war;' he speculated, "and the idea that you're going to save more lives (by targeting military operations and not cities) could be wholly wrong - the confusion could be so great." • �Research- New drug Aids stroke treatment U By Bruce S. Kershner B researchers have discovered a new drug that will now allow safer, less costly and often more accurate diagnosis and management of stroke and other brain diseases. The chemical referred to as I 123 HIPDM, is designed for usc in the diagnostic brain-imaging technique call­ ed single-photon emission tomography (SPECT). Labeled with radioactive iodine, the diamine tracer compound has been pro­ ven effective in mapping bl_ood fl?w (perfusion) in the brains of patients with diseases that constrict or obstruct blood flow to the brain. These diseases include stroke, brain tumors, epilepsy, senile dementia and other ischemic cerebro­ vascular diseases. The great value of SPECT devices in diagnosing brain diseases sparked con­ siderable interest in new and better brain-imaging agents, especially those Dr. Kung reads SPECT scan. with high initial brain localization and prolonged retention. Hank Kung, Ph.D., and his associates worked four years to develop their new drug. Kung is an associate professor in the Depart­ ment of Nuclear Medicine. Because it was proven safe for human use, HIPD 1 is now regulated as an in­ vestigative drug under FDA's new drug approval process. One of the latest steps in the new drug's history is recent transfer of the rights of HIPDM by the SUNY Re­ search Foundation to a pharmaceutical company which plans to sell it to hospitals for stroke diagnosis. Besides HIPDM's pmven diagnostic effectiveness, it is actually more accurate in some circumstances than CAT scans and angiography. Its medical significance also lies in its other advan­ tages. Not only have earlier studies demonstrated its safety, but HIPDM, because of its less concentrated dosage, poses less of a risk of allergic reaction than the more concentrated doses of contrast media used in CAT scans. Several characteristics of HIPDM contribute to its relative inexpensiveness and ease of manufacture, important considerations at this time of rising medical costs. First, radioactive labell­ ing of the base compound docs not re­ quire extensive (and expensive) heating and purification. Instead, it is radio­ labelled by a fast and simple exchange reaction. The result is a product that is 97 per cent pure and virtually ready for clinical usc. Second, previously discovered effec­ tive brain-imaging agents that use radioactive fluorine, nitrogen or oxygen in positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging cannot be used in routine nuclear medicine clinics. This is because the short life of these chemicals and their complex chemical synthesis require an expensive on-site cyclotron. The SPECT. devices in which HIPDM would be used cost 36 per cent less ($225 vs. $350) to operate than the more common CAT scans. Since this figure is a nationwide average, higher and lower costs exist in some locations. "HIPDM provides a simple and effi­ cient technique as a routine nuclear medicine procedure to measure regional brain perfusion;' Dr. Kung comments, "and measuring regional brain perfusion has never been simple or efficient." The research was funded by a Veterans Administration grant of $25,000 and a UB Foundation/Depart­ ment of Nuclear Medicine grant of $100,000. Besides Kung, Dr. Monte Blau, formerly on the UB faculty, Dr. Jehuda Steinbach, clinical associate pro­ fessor in nuclear medicine, and Dr. Kenneth Tramposch also assisted. While HIPDM's effectiveness is re­ lated to its high brain uptake (especially its concentration in the gray matter of the brain), it works according to a very different mechanism than that of previous brain-imaging agents. Many of the radioactively labelled monoamincs, such as IMP, concentrate in the brain because of their lipid solubility and their affinity to "nonspecific high capacity" binding sites in brain cells. In contrast, Dr. Kung and his associates have developed a new class of gamma-emitting brain-imaging diamincs. These compounds take ad­ vantage of the "pH shift;' i.e., the pH gradient that exists between blood (pH of 7.4) and brain (intracellular pH of 7.0). They can diffuse freely into cells at high pH because they arc neutral and lipid soluble, while at lower pH, they become charged and can no longer dif­ fuse out. Six or so medical centers have now begun using 1-123 HIPDM, but Dr. Kung is confident that it will be in usc by 10 to 20 centers within several years. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 17 �Transplant ""~ Hope for CF victims? g T I 0.. he world's first known heart-lung transplant to be conducted on a cystic fibrosis patient took place recently due to the efforts of UB pro­ fessor of pediatrics Dr. Gerd Cropp. The 25-year-old patient, whose heart and lung had been damaged by the disease, had been carefully selected and waited six months before a donor could be found. Richard Dinsbier; the patient, and Dr. Cropp had only four hours to fly to Pittsburgh where the operation was performed. "Any statements about the effects of the unusual operation on the propects of other cystic fibrosis (CF) patients would be premature:' Dr. Cropp stated. While the patient ultimately died of complications of transplant surgery, the operation is as important to CF victims as the first heart transplant in 1967, or the first artificial heart transplant io 1983. In both of these historic cases, the patients ultimately died but the knowledge gained was invaluable for subsequent and more successful attempts. ' "There is no question we have obtain­ ed a great deal of valuable information from this operation. The next time we do it, it will be safer and the chances of success will improve. In any case, such operations will always be very serious and at this time are only a last resort," Dr. Cropp commented. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that leads to clogging of small tubes from the glands that secrete mucus and other fluids. This can make the lungs susceptible to infection, damage the digestive system and eventually weaken the heart. Believed to occur once in every 2000 births, the disease has attack­ ed some 30,000 Americans. In an attempt to reduce the chance that the patient's body would reject the transplanted organs, he was given the experimental drug cyclosporine. Just tentatively approved for special applica­ tions by the Food and Drug Administra­ tion, the drug suppresses the body's natural rejection of foreign cells. While Mr. Dinsbier did not reject his new organs while he remained alive, his im ­ munosuppression left his system vulnerable and he died of cytomegalovirus and systemic yeast in­ fection, coupled with acute terminal bronchopneumonia. Dr. Cropp remains encouraged however. This kind of operation "may of- 18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN 0 z 0 .) Dr. Cropp fer a final attempt at therapy that, if suc­ cessful, may add many years oflongevity to these patients;' the UB professor said. "With even better drugs in the future, ~ore optimal preparation of the pa­ tients and more experience with their P?stoperative management, this could g1ve some a second lease on life." This. therapeutic approach may answer Important questions with regard to genetic control of the bodily function in this disease. If the transplanted lung does not become infected, it would sug­ gest. that th~ v.ulnerability of the lung in cystic fibrosis IS controlled by the genetic endowment of each cell. However, if the lung gradually assumes the abnormal­ ~tY: u~ually seen in cystic fibrosis, then It Is likely that the function of the cells in the lung is controlled by some hu­ moral factor which is produced somewhere in the body," Cropp explamed. According to Dr. Robert Beall na­ tional director of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, the surgery would provide researchers with new information not only on a new method to treat the disease, but also on the nature of how it attacks the body. Although both the patient and his physician were from the Buffalo area the tran~plant took place in Pittsburgh because It has the team m the U.S. with the greates~ exp~rience in heart-lung transplants m patients with lung disease. Besides being a professor of pediatrics, Dr. Cropp is also an assistant professor of physiology and director of the Children's Lung and Cystic Fibrosis Center at Children's Hospital. • Stroke New procedures lower risk after heart surgery A By Bruce S. Kershner n 80 to 87 per cent reduction in the chance of stroke triggered by heart surgery now appears possible because of the research of Dr. Samuel C. Balderman. Stroke is one of the common com­ plications resulting from cardiac surgery, affecting as many as 4000 peo­ ple annually, according to Dr. Balder­ man. A UB associate professor of car­ diothoracic surgery at the Veterans Ad­ ministration Medical Center and Erie County Medical Center, he has suc­ ceeded in reducing the percentage of pa­ tients who have strokes following heart surgery from the current 2 to 3 per cent average to 0.4 per cent. "I know of no one else that has reported an incidence that low;' he stresses. . Increasing longevity is not the only a1m of heart surgery. "You want patients not just to live longer, but also to live better;' Dr. Balderman says. Although the lives of nine out of ten patients who undergo heart surgery do improve, one out. of ten remains unimproved or ex­ pcncnces complications that reduce the quality of his or her life. Patients with complications due to stroke comprise 20 to 30 per cent of this category. Stroke results when blood supply to parts ~f the brain is reduced or suddenly cut off. When that occurs loss of brain functio.n o.ften results', including paralysis, blmclncss, loss of speech, loss �Research- J of balance, or other debilitating consequences. Not only does Dr. Balderman's new technique prevent strokes, it ac­ complishes this by sparing the patient much of the discomfort, risk and cost of medical and surgical examinations. "The test takes only three minutes," he notes. on-invasive techniques can identify those patients who arc prone to stroke. Because the examinations arc non­ invasive, that is, they do not require entering the body, physical discomfort and medical risks are essentially absent. unstable cardiac conditions. The advantage of Dr. Balderman's combined tests is that the traditional stethoscope exam is less accurate by itself and detects only about half of the arterial obstructions. In addition, the stethoscope test, unlike OPG, cannot differentiate patients with significant blockage requiring surgical correction from those with medically insignificant blockages. Because of this, all patients previously detected with bruits under­ go the cerebral angiography, which is physically uncomfortable, costly and has some medical risk. With the combined tests, only 9 of 32 patients now need to undergo the angiography; the OPG demonstrates that the arterial obstruc­ tions of the remaining patients are insignificant. T he first technique, oscultation, is a stethoscope exam of the carotid arteries located on the sides of the neck which c~rry blood to the brain and eyes. With the stethoscope, he listens for irregular sounds of blood circulation, called bruits that indicate some kmd of obstruction in the blood vessel. A bruit is recognized as a turbulence or "swooshing" of the blood, much like the sound a brook makes as it flows around protruding rocks. This technique has been used traditionally for many years. Dr. Balderman has found that a se­ cond technique, called ocular plethysmography (OPG), which measures the blood pressure in the op­ thalmic arteries, is useful in determin­ ing the presence of obstruction of the carotid artery. The ophthalmic arteries carry blood to the eyes from the carotid arteries. Used several days before surgery, this technique calls for the sclerae of the eyes to be anesthetized with special drops and cups placed over the eyes. These cups measure the intra­ ocular pressure in a way similar to that done in glaucoma tests. If the pressure is either low or unequal, arterial blockage is indicated. Specifically, a dif­ ference between the right and left eyes of 5 mm. of mercurv or more, or an eye to arm blood prcss~re r-atio of less than 0.69, differentiates those patients who have medically significant bruits and those who do not. After the patients with arterial obstructions have been singled out by the two techniques, they undergo a third evaluation called cerebral angiography. For this test, dye is injected into the carotid arteries and X-ray studies reveal the exact location of any significant blockages. The blockages arc then removed by a surgical operation. Per­ formed 10 to 14 days before heart surgery, the obstruction is surgically removed from the artery. Dr. Balderman adds that the procedure can also be per­ formed at the same time as the open heart surgery for those patients with 0 f the 500 patients that Dr. Balder­ man has screened over the last three years, he has identified 17 as having arterial obstructions. Because of him, 16 of the 17 patients had successful heart surgery without associated stroke. For them, both longevity and quality of li fc were improved. "However;' Dr. Balderman empha­ sizes, "no medical advancement is ever 100 per cent successful." One patient with no sign of a blockage and another with an apparently insignificant blockage, still experienced strokes related to their cardiac surgery. He is not clear why, but suspects that one had a very small blockage that couldn't be discovered. Dr. Balderman points out that in ad­ dition to the reduction in pain and suf­ fering, the prevention of stroke results in considerable monetary savings to society. While open heart surgery costs $15,000, a stroke can cost up to several hundred thousand dollars. His stroke­ preventing evaluations are administered free in Veterans Hospital and cost only $25 elsewhere. That means that the non-invasive techniques used to screen a total of 500 patients for stroke­ proneness cost no more than a fraction of the medical costs to treat a single stroke patient. After publishing his research in the journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery last March, he has received a world-wide response from the medical community, including the Soviet bloc. The Veterans Hospital, Dr. Balder­ man says, is the only major facility that he knows of that is routinely screening candidates for cardiac surgery using OPG. Because of the great interest in his work, he expects the procedure to be adopted in many other hospitals soon. Dr. Baldcrman points out that the cooperation of Dr. Irineo Gutierrez and other colleagues, as well as the support of the Veterans Administration and the American Heart Association, were im­ portant to his research over the last three years. Dr. Ba/derman "'~ 0 z b 0I Q. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �.:.: -~· .. . .,-? ·''"..( -# ... _ .... , . . . ~.""'--.* .' • •. •.. t ...... Dr. Balderman is pioneering other medical advances in cardiac surgery as well. He has determined the proper, crucial heart temperature to maintain during open heart surgery to pre\-cnt deterioration and damage. Until this June, when he published his research in the Annals of Thoracic Su~r;cry, the optimal temperature range to preserve the heart was not as clearly known. Earlier theories ranged from. 4-20°C. As a result of his research with dogs, we nO\\ know that J40C is ideal. During heart surgerv, doctors must stop the heart by cla'mp.ing the aorta to cut off the blood supply. "After 20 minutes the hcan begins to die without oxygen.' \\'e must s'ubjcct it to cold temperatures (hypothermia) to prevent damage to the heart," Baldcrman explains. To determine the ideal cold temperature, Dr. Baldennan performed tests and biopsies on the dogs' hearts and conrludcd that temperatures of 14-J80C preserved the heart best. More than J80C was too warm and less than J40C produced potential damage and few if anv benefits. lo cool the. heart, a modified saline solution containing potassium chilled to 40C is injected into it. This results in both chcr;1ical arrest and in preservation of the heart. To keep the heart cool, the solution is injected every 20 minutes un­ til the surgery is completed. The safe period of surgery can, when necessary, be extended up to three hours. 'lo refine the method further, Dr. Halderman is conducting more research on the best type of solution to inject in­ to the heart so that he can minimize the deterioration that can still occur during heart stoppage. With American Heart Association support, he is experimen­ ting vvith the addition of calcium­ blo~king agents to the solution. Right now, he is comparing and evaluating three calcium-blockers to sec which works best. His lab was one of the first to publish results showing that the calcium-blocker, verapamil, was beneficial during cardiac surgery. • Imaging Reduces need for surgery in testicular diseases S urgery may no longer be needed to diagnose a wide range of testicular di­ seases and problems because ra­ dionuclidc imaging has been demonstrated to be a safe and highly accurate substitute for diagnosing these problems. This finding 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN .,. . . ... .·. ... (": . r.··· ... ~-=-~_ .~:..· 4. , ••• ~ -\ ... .. \ . ' . . . . ,r .. ' • .:a: .. ... t .. •• ·, -· . .r -. ·.. .. Testicular scan showing abnormal space occuiJYing lesion on left testicle. (Inset} Dr. Sutrin (left} and Dr. varma. resulted from a study by Dr. Jay Varma and Dr. Gerald Sufrin of the UB School of Medicine. Dr. Sufrin is chairman and pro­ essor of the Department of Urology; Dr. Var­ ma is clinical assistant instructor in urology. Dr. Sufrin wants to call attention to the simple, sate and inexpensiw technique to en­ courage its use. Because of its non-invasive nature, "it can be done in any hospital," Sufrin pointed out. The simple technique can accurately dif­ ferentiate, l(>r example, epididymitis from torsion of the spermatiL cord, two conditions heretofore notoriously hard to diagnose ex­ cept through surgery. Epididymitis, an in­ flammation of the cord-like structure along the testis, can cause infertility, high fever and sickness. Torsion, a severe twisting and con­ striction of the spermatic cord, can also cause infertility and death of the testicle. Both diseases are not uncommon in young men. "Out of the 109 cases we have studied so far, the radionuclide scan was 96 per cent ac­ curate in coming to a diagnosis for a wide range of testicular problems, including tor­ sion, epididymitis, tumors and abscesses,'' Dr. Varma commented in an interview with Urology Times. The radionuclide 1cchnetium-991\1 pertechnetate "is first injected into the vein in the patient's arm,'' Dr. Sufrin explained. After it has circulated through the body, a gamma camera is passed over the patient's scrotal region. This device rewrds on film the amount of 1·adionuclide accumulation. Computerized data accurately show the amount of blood flowing to the testicle and inside the scrotum, and depict areas of con­ centration in the tissues. If decreased blood flow is found on the scan, then a diagnosis of torsion is highly probable. If increased blood flow is shown, then testicular inflammation is the diagnosis. Because the physician can substitute the technique for surgery when diagnosing, the I 1 �Research- J always present risk in surgery and anesthesia is .often avoided. According to Dr. Varma, "the radionuclide docs not endanger patient or physician." If a medical problem is diagnosed by the imaging technique, then the physician can accurately assess the need for surgical in­ tervention. If epididymitis is diagnosed, for example, treatment docs not require surgery, and the patient is spared the unnecessary discomfort and risk that previously would have occurred. If torsion or tumor is diagnos­ ed, on the other hand, surgery will still be required to correct the ailment. As safe and accurate as the technique is, it is also inexpensive and simple. "The scan is very easy to interpret," Dr. Varma told the Urology Times. "When you look at the data you can immediately see if there is diminish­ ed or enhanced flow to the testes or epi­ didymis." Also associated with the study were Dr. Peter Ricci, assistant clinical professor of urology, and Dr. Joseph Prczio, acting chair­ man and clinical professor of the Department of Nuclear Medicine. • National prize For innovative surgery A n innovative surgical technique de­ veloped at UB has won first place in the Robert H. Ivy Society competition at the annual meeting of the American Socie­ ty of Maxillofacial Surgeons in Dallas. The technique involves replacing dislocated or damaged articular discs, which normally act as cushions between upper and lower jaws, with silastic implants. The pro­ cedure shows great promise as a cure for temporomandibular joint (jaw) pain when its cause is a defective disc. The team of researchers who developed the technique are UB plastic surgeons Russell W. Bessette, M.D., D.D.S., clinical assistant instructor in surgery; Samuel Shatkin, M.D., D.D.S., clinical associate pro­ fessor of surgery; Joseph Naticlla, D.D.S., UB professor of oral pathology, and University of Rochester radiologist Richard Katsburg, M.D. • FBD Theophylline may increase its chances P By Wendy Arndt Hunt reliminary findings of a pilot project suggest that the asthma drug theo­ phylline might increase a woman's chance of developing fibrocystic breast disease, especially if she is between the ages of 30 and 50, childless, and drinks more than Hindi-Alexander three cups of coffee each clay, said a UB School of Medicine researcher, who caution­ ed that since her study was based on a small number of subjects, her findings must be verified before any indictment can be made. "We don't know if theophylline is a risk fac­ tor or how much risk it involves," said Michele Hindi-Alexander, Ph.D., research assistant professor of medicine and pediatrics, who emphasized that she has no scientific justification to advise asthmatic women to alter their theophylline therapy at this time. An extensive investigation must be completed before, and if, any definitive state­ ment can be issued linking theophylline and fibrocystic breast disease (FBD). FBD, which occurs in about 10 per cent of adult women, is characterized by benign lumps of fibrous tissue in the breast. The lumps contain cysts, which can be fluid-filled or calcified. The disease can cause breast pain and tenderness, particularly during menstruation. Whether FBD leads to breast cancer or not is a current controversy. Theophylline, a bronchodilator, is the drug most frequently prescribed for patients with chronic asthma. For 15 years, Hindi-Alexander has been interested in asthma and the treatment of asthmatics. When an Ohio State University investigator published a study in 1979 that showed that caffeine increased the risk of FBD, Hindi-Alexander decided to research the effect of theophylline. Theophylline, like caffeine, is a methylx­ anthine, a derivative of xanthine. Mcthylx­ anthines inhibit the breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the body. cAMP is an important body chemical that controls the function of cells. The aforementioned Ohio State Univer­ sity investigator found high levels of cAMP in women with FBD, and even higher levels in women with breast cancer. "Evidence that has been accumulated by others suggests that there may be some rela- tionship between tissue concentrations of cAMP and the development ofFBD, but the precise mechanism has not been determin­ ed," said Elliott Middleton, Jr., M.D., direc­ tor of the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in the Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics in UB's School of Medicine. Hindi-Alexander's study involved a total of 200 women; 61 of them were asthmatics; 73 allergic, but nonasthmatic; and 66 non­ allergic and nonasthmatic. Of the 61 women with asthma, 41 had had theophylline thera­ py. All were patients at either the allergy or OB/GYN clinics at Buffalo General Hospital or the allergy clinic at ECMC. The identification of FBD was via a clinical classification system that Hindi­ Alexander devised with the help of a surgeon, two nurse practitioners, a gynecologist and a pathologist. Of all the subjects, 26 per cent had a moderate to severe case of FBD, 46 per cent had a mild case. As other studies have indicated, Hindi­ Alexander's study found that age, nullipar­ ity and caffeine, in descending order, arc the most significant risk factors for FBD. Her study, however, also pointed out the possibili­ ty that theophylline together with caffeine might contribute to the development of FBD. Because her sample population of women taking theophylline was too small, Hindi­ Alexander said, she has submitted a proposal for a second study, which would involve 400 women, 200 of whom would be asthmatics on theophylline. Regarding the findings of her first study, Hindi-Alexander said that age is still the highest risk factor for FBD. She explained that women between the ages of 30 and 50 arc the ones most prone to developing the disease. Nulliparity is the second highest fac­ tor. If a woman has never been pregnant, she is more likely to develop FBD than a woman who has children. Caffeine is the third highest risk factor. "This is the factor that a woman can do something about," Hindi-Alexander said, "especially if she is on theophylline." Hindi-Alexander, now director of the Asthma Self-Management Progmm in UB's School of Medicine, began her study when she was a clinical assistant professor in UB's School of Nursing. Her study was financed with a $4,000 Bio­ medical Research Support Grant from UB. Her collaborators were Maria Ziclezny, Ph.D., Naris Montes, R.N., and Bonnie Bullough, Ph.D., dean of UB's School of ursing. She will submit her article on her findings to the journal cif Allergy and Clinical Immunology. In March, 1984, she presented her find­ ings at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy and C linical I m­ muno logy in Chicago. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 ��Medical School NewsState's first comprehensive geriatric education center established One of only four in the United States; others at Harvard , Michigan , USC N ew York State's first comprehensive geriatric education center has just been established at UB. Selected as one of only four such centers in the United States, it will assume national leadership in training educators and health care providers in geriatric medicine how to develop the best possible educational programs in their fields. It went into full operation on January 25. The other centers arc at Harvard Univer­ sity, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor and University of Southern California. The program will be directed by Evan Calkins, M.D., professor in the UB School of Medicine, and Arthur Cryns, Ph.D., pro­ fessor in the UB School of Social Work. Trudy White will be director of Program Development. Proposed as a joint effort by U B, State University College at Buffalo and Canisius College, it is funded by a $200,000 a year federal grant from the Bureau of Health Pro­ fessions, Department of Health and Human Services. The grant was received by the School of Medicine. Drs. Cryns and Calkins conceived of their idea last year because they observed that "geriatrics was being taught piecemeal throughout many programs" and sometimes by non-specialists. "Let's systematize the teaching of geriatrics," the two professors decided, "and also give the faculty the com­ petence to teach the subjects as well as possi­ ble." Dr. Cryns added, "Fortunately, the government supported that idea." The first objective of the Western New York Geriatric Education Center will be to initiate the Faculty Development Program. The program aims to improve the geriatric and educational competencies of health care educators who teach at universities in the fields of geriatric medicine, clinical geron­ tology and health care services to the elder­ ly. This year-long faculty seminar series will be taught by both nationally-recognized and local experts in geriatrics and curriculum design. Participants from U B's Schools of Medicine, Nursing, Health Related Profes­ sions, Pharmacy, Dentistry and Social Work will be instructed during the first year. After that, participants from other area institutions of higher learning will be included. The pro­ gram intends to enhance the inter­ disciplinary geriatric and educational exper­ tise of all of its participants. In particular, participants will learn how to develop, im­ plement and evaluate educational programs within their respective disciplines. A Continuing Education Program will be the second objective of the Center. It will be designed to benefit the clinical and service competencies of geriatric health care prac­ titioners, either in private practice or in in- stitutions. Before actual program develop­ ment an extensive assessment of the educa­ tional needs of geriatric medical providers will be undertaken to assure that the pro­ gram will be responsive to their specific needs and problems. The program will begin in Summer 1984. Another objective of the Center will be to serve as a central clearing house for infor­ mation on geriatric education and aged health care. It will disseminate information to all panics needing it, and will work closely with libraries (especially UB's Ilealth Sciences Library) and other resource centers handling geriatric information. The Center will develop and make available educational materials for interested parties. This will in­ dude programmatic offerings developed into format that lend themselves to easy replica­ tion elsewhere. Under consideration is a monthly or bi-monthly Aged Health Letter, patterned after Harvard University's Health Letter. The Western New York Geriatric Educa­ tion Center will also serve as the new home of the Network in Aging of Western . ew York. The ctwork is a regional multidis­ ciplinary association of geriatric health care practitioners. It coordinates. and disseminates relevant geriatric and educational informa­ tion to the professional community and its members. Being primarily an association of health care professionals, it is an essential liaison among the University, the community and the real world of geriatric practice and care. The Center and the etwork will cosponsor many of their continuing educa­ tion programs. Although they will remain distinct, the Western New York Geriatric Education Center will complement the research and educational mission of the multidisciplinary Center for the Study of Aging already at UB. The new Center will be housed in Beck Hall in the Health Sciences complex on UB's Main Street Campus. Establishment of the Center in Western New York is fitting, since this area has an unusually higher proportion of elderly residents than the .S. or ew York State populations. Those 60 years and older com­ prise 17.6 per cent of the total regional population. This demographic trend towards a progressively "graying" population has been caused mainly by the contraction of hea,·y industry in the region and the resultant out­ migration of young adult families towards areas with stable or expanding employment opportunities. Of the region's elderly popula­ tion (65 years and older), some 82,154 or 39.7 per cent are 75 years or older; 11,102 or 5.4 per cent arc institutionalized; and 59,706 or 28.8 per cent live alone. Other relevant statistics arc that some 4.6 per cent of these elderly arc members of ethnic or racial minorities (Black, Hispanic), and 60.5 per cent arc females. The location of the Center in the Bufhtlo area has clear advantages. Many major pro­ grams for the study and care of the elderly have been firmly in place since 1963. len years ago, the pioneering Center for Study of Aging was initiated. In 1978, Dr. John Naughton, clean of the Medical School, recognized the importance of this emerging field by forming a Division of Geriatrics/Gerontology. A year later, the Net­ work for Aging in Western N.Y. was begun by Or. Calkins. The Veterans Administra­ tion Medical Center, across the street from the Health Sciences complex of the U B Campus, serves a large number of older per­ sons and has developed a number of pro­ grams to care for the elderly. It has 74 beds for its geriatric and nursing home units. Im­ ponant programs in geriatrics have also been established for UB's Schools of Nursing, Dentistry and the other health related schools and departments. Other area colleges also offer programs, and the Eric County Depart­ ment of Senior Services has a national reputation for its innovative prog-rams. Altogether, 175 specialists in g-eriatrics have registered themselves through the 1 ctwork for Aging in Western N.Y. The first speaker for the Center's new Faculty Development Program was Dr. Ed­ ward L. Schneider, a nationally known and well respected researcher in medical pro­ blems of aging. He is associate director of the National Institute on Aging, a unit of the prestigious National Institutes of Health. Dr. Schneider spoke on "Research in Aginf{: The National Institute on Aging's Perspccti,c" last January 25. Other prominent speakers scheduled in coming months include Dr. Marc Wekslcr, director of geriatrics at the Cornell U niver­ sity School of Medicine and Dr. Laurence Branch of 1-larvarcl Medical School. For more inf(Jrmation, call .Jan Dufky, administral<Jr, 716-831-3176. • Another first Agreement with Beijing A Chinese university and UB have for­ malized what appears tO be the first agreement between U.S. and Chinese scientists to conduct joint research in nuclear medicine. The three-year agreement between UB and Beijing Normal University (BNU) in BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 23 �China will continue research on a new drug that will allow safer and often more accurate diagnosis of stroke and other brai_n diseases. The agreement establishes a faculty ex­ change progt·am and radiopharmaceutical collaboration between the two untvcrstttes. hospitals and at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. • From 'Boss' & brother B Initial contact with Chinese scientists oc­ curred in July 1980 at the St. Louis Inter­ national Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Symposium. A BNU Department of Chemistry professor, Xue-Bin Wang, spent 16 months here conducting research with Hank Kung, Ph.D., and Monte Blau, Ph.D., both of UB's Department ·of Nuclear Medicine. Chaired by joseph Prezio, Ph.D., the department has as its director of research and development Dr. Kung. As a result of this research, the new diagnostic brain im­ aging drug was developed, and two papers were jointly published in the Chinese jour­ nal of Nuclear Medicine. Dr. Blau, then Department of Nuclear Medicine chairman, subsequently spent one month in China lecturing to physicians and scientists. This was followed by a two month visit to UB by Professor Bo-Li Liu, vice. president of B1 U's Department of Chemistry to conduct research and lecture. The agre~~1ent was reached shortly after. During its first year, two research projects will be pursued. The first project will con­ tin'uc research on the chemical developed by Dr. Kung and Dr. Blau, referred to as I 123HIPDl\1. (Sec article on Dr. Kunt(s research elsc"here in this issue). The second pr<~jcct, funded by a three-year N [ 11 grant of 300,000, will im·olve testing of Technctium-99 and ' lcchnetium-99m labeled neutral lipid soluble compounds. These compounds could show e\-cn more promise than HIPDM as valuable brain diagnosing tools for neurological diseases. Results from the research will be published jointly and further visits by Chinese scholars will be encouraged. Dr. Kung expects to lcc­ tLtre in China during this year. • Grad program Approved in Urology T he Department of u.vlogy recently received accreditation for its three­ year graduate mecltcal educatton pro­ gram in urology. The Accreditation Coun­ ~il for Graduate Medical Education, Residency Review Committee for Urology, recommended that the program have a max­ imum of nine residents with no more than three at each level of training. The residen­ cy program will utilize facilities at the Medical School's four pnmary teachmg Memorial gift Dr. Holden New chairman In Family Medicine A ppointed chairman of the Depart­ ment of Family Medicine is Dr. David M Holden, replacing former acting chairman Dr. Herbert Joyce. Dr. Holden was also appointed head of Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Family Medicine. Dr. Holden most recently held the posi­ tion of director of the Wichita Family Prac­ tice Residency Program at Wesley Univer­ sity of Kansas School of Medicine, where he was also professor of both pediatrics and family and community medicine. Previously, he was assistant dean and pro­ fessor of the medical schools of Michigan State University, University of Wyoming and University of North Dakota. After receiving his BA from Tufts Univer­ sity in 1959, he earned his medical degree from Yale University in 1963. From 1966 to 1969, he served in the Philip­ pines as a medical epidemiologist for the Malaria Eradication Program, and for the Epidemic Intelligence Service - Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians. • By Linda Grace-Kobas ecause their father, the son of a Scottish tailor who emigrated to the V.S. shortly after the turn of the century, had such a hard financial struggle to complete medical school, two brothers have established an endowment fund in the UB School of Medicine to help future students avoid this burden. The father was Solomon Booke, UB Medical School alumnus, Class of 1924. That year's Iris, the University of Buf­ falo yearbook, includes his picture, depicting a bow-tied, serious young man with round spectacles and tidy, slicked­ back hair. The two sons are Frederick, a lawyer now residing in Pacific Palisades, California, and Sorrell, an actor whose primary current "residence" is Hazzard County, U.S.A., which he "runs" in the guise of Boss Hogg. The Booke brothers have donated $10,000 to the UB Foundation which will set up a fund to support the Medical School's Student Enrichment Program, which provides special grants to medical students. Dean John Naughton will ad­ minister the fund. The gift is actually a memorial to both of the brothers' parents. Their mother, Rose Yasgur, carried as great a load in Solomon's medical practice as he did, her sons said. "Our father being a general practi­ tioner, she did everything with him;' Sorrell remembered in an interview at the home of his uncle, Sidney A. Yasgur of Williamsville. "She got up with him in the middle of the night when the phone rang - as it inevitably did." The Booke brothers were born in Buf­ falo and lived here until the family mov­ ed to California when Sorrell was a young man. He is a graduate ofBuffalds Bennett High School, where he was valedictorian for his class. Frederick, who is nine years younger than Sorrell, attended Bennett until the family moved. Dr. Booke had established his family practice on the east side of Buffalo. "He was a general practitioner in the old style;' Sorrell said, "where the home was the office and the living room wa the waiting room. We gr~w up in that." The two sons spoke of their parents with admiration. "My father was making house calls until the year he died; Sorrell said, "even though he suffered from acute asthma." L------------------------------------------------------------24 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Medical School News- The Booke brothers, ·Frederick (left} and Sorrell. flnsetJ Solomon Booke as pictured tn 1924 Iris.. Born in Scotland in 1898, Solomon Booke worked his way through medical school. He served in both world wars, having signed up for the second when a call went out for physicians. After moving from Buffalo to California to join his parents, Solomon worked in one of the first medical service groups established in the state. At age 50, he entered a new medical field, beginning a specialization in allergies. He became certified by both the Academy and Col­ lege of Allergy, and later served as medical director of the Sunair Founda­ tion in Tujunga, CA, which helps asthmatic children. His own asthmatic condition had been exacerbated by his war service, his sons said. Rose Yasgur was one of the first women students at Penn State, her sons related, but she was forced to leave when her mother died. First a chemistry ma­ jor, she later studied art in New York Ci­ ty during the Roaring Twenties. Rose and Solomon met and married in 1929, and Sorrell was born in 1930, '~ust after the crash;' he says. The Booke endowment fund will help support one student in need each year to begin with, the brothers said. . "One reason we decided to set up th1s fund was that our father had such a hard time," Sorrell said. "We want to help peo- pie avoid what he went through." F rederick good-naturedly accepts the fact that most interviewers' questions focus on Sorrell, who has risen to worldwide fame as Boss Hogg in the "Dukes of Hazzard" (the show is syn­ dicated in more than 70 nations). He even smiled when Sorrell introduced him to a television reporter - on camera - as, "my brother Fred. He has the same parents as I do." An accomplished actor, Sorrell has been in show business since he was a boy. He is a graduate of Columbia University and the Yale School of Drama. After earning a master of fine arts degree from the latter, he headed for Broadway, where he appeared in many successful plays. He did the "classics" in New York for 20 years, then went to California, where he appeared in Em my-winning and suc­ cessful television series and films. "I like to do all kinds of things," he said, adding that at Thanksgiving he did his first circus, erving as ringmaster -in his Hogg persona - in Evansville, Indiana. "With Hogg, I seem to have created an alter ego, who is taking over everything," Booke commented. He en­ joys being Hogg, however. "I have a lot of freedom in improvisa­ tion, making up lines, changing expres­ Sion;' he said. "The challenge is first to have developed quickly a chara~ter that fits the situation and is interesting, but you need variety. You have to keep look­ mg for new expressions. "There is no doubt that Hazzard County is portrayed as a land of con·up­ tion," Booke said. "But it's like a fairy tale, with 1ts elements of virtue - the Dukes - set up against corruption. Its message is that virtue can triumph over corruption, but it also recognizes that there_ is political and economic corrup­ tion m the world, portraying it as part of the wor)d. That's why people under­ stand it." Asked if he is ever condemned by politicians - particularly Southern politicians - for his portrayal, Booke sa1d smiling, "I get emulation from them, not condemnation. Everywhere I go in the south, the politicians dress in white, and are one step ahead of the law." His portrayal of Hogg is so real because he humanizes the character, Booke said, even though "the seven deadly sins just ooze out all over him." Frederick is associated with the law fir~ of Flame, Sanger and Grayson, wh1ch has offices in Lo Angeles, Palm Springs and Encino. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 25 �BGH Network Rapid progress cited T he Buffalo General Health Care Net­ work celebrated its six-mon.th anniver­ sary in October and accordmg to coor­ dinator Joanne Barshter, the progress thus far reflects the philosophy of the group and the original objectives of the Network. "The affiliation is structured so that each member institution, maintains its own in­ dividual goals and priorities while pursuing the common objective of enhanced cost con­ tainments," Ms. Barshter said. "The philosophy of the Network is to work and plan together within the group to develop programs for the cost efficient provision of high quality patient care services." The liY<.: member hospitals include Lake Shore Hospital, Inc., l rving; Tri-County Hospital , Gowanda; Genesee Memorial Hospital, Batavia; Lockport Memorial Hospital, Lockport; and BG H. The Network relation­ ship among the live hospitals involves shared service activities, cooperative arrangements· and joint ventures, all aimed at meeting the challenges of an ever-changing environment. Among the many goals outlined by the Net­ work arc shared CT Scan services, complete laboratory referrals, shared pulmonary func­ tion services, joint pharmaceutical pur­ chases; enhanced medical staff interaction and continuing education programs; educa­ tion programs for hospital personnel and the possible formation of a for-profit corporation. A shared pulmonary function service has already been established between Genesee Memorial and Buffalo General. The shared system involves new equipment which allows remote pulmonary function testing on a shared computer basis. This new system, which was on-line October 5, increases both the capabilities and hours of the pulmonary function service at Genesee Memorial. Previous to this, patients at GMH had as much as a three day wait to undergo testing, and no pulmonary function tests were available after hours or on weekends. "The objective here was to develop and implement a cost-effective and accessible system for pulmonary function while improving its quality through the usc of up-to-date equip­ ment," Ms. Barshter said. Now, a new com­ puter unit at GMH can "talk" to the main computer at BGH, and a pulmonary func­ tion test can be performed at any time. It provides the community serviced by Genesee Memorial with the most up-to-date equip­ ment available for pulmonary function testing services. Another goal of the Network is to establish a shared CT Scanner system between at least three of the hospitals, BG li, Lockport Memorial and Genesee Memorial. Current­ ly, only Buffalo General has a computeriz­ ed tomography scanner; the other four hospitals either refer patients for scans, or utilize the mobile· CT unit which services their communities. Under the proposed net­ work program, remote units located at each of the participating network hospitals, would "plug-in" to a main frame computer located at Buffalo General. Each community hospital would have its own freestanding CT imaging unit, with the capability to do routine scans or more sophisticated scans on its own. The cost savings to the member hospitals arc realized from the standpoint that only one main frame computer is need­ ed. The remote units, made up of the imag­ ing unit and microprocessor, carry a price tag of approximately $400,000 as compared to the standard cost of a freestanding unit which can range anywhere from $800,000 to Sl.2 million. The CT Scan at Buffalo General is cur­ rently utilized 16 hours a day, as well as be­ ing readily available around-the-clock for emergencies. The new, state-of-the-art system proposed by the Network would com- requests that our readers submit any interesting, well-written ar­ ticles that they have written on the following subjects: FOR ARTICLES 1 • MEDICA especially but not limited to the University (Example: Sec O.P. Jones article in this issue). PR of distinguished or interesting UB Medical School alumni, present or former UB Medical School faculty, or current UB medical students. p ICAL, ETHICAL OR OTHER ISSUES directly relevant to the medical community. E of important or interesting books written by or about UB faculty or alumni. Though books of a technical nature will be considered, especially if they are significant, reviews of non-technical books are en­ couraged also, e.g. biographies, fiction, non-fiction for the layman (example: see Ross Markello article in this issue). about anybody with a UB Medical School association, present or former. ARTICLES SHOULD IDEALLY BE TWO TO TEN TYPEWRITTEN DOUBLE-SPACED PAGES. PHOTOGRAPHS (IN A SETTING RELATED TO THE ARTICLE) AND ILLUSTRATIONS ARE ENCOURAGED. SUBMITTED MATERIAL SHOULD BE ABOUT PEOPLE AND TOPICS WITH SOME ASSOCIATION WITH THE UB MEDICAL SCHOOL. The exception will be for articles about important philosophical , ethical, or other medically relevant issues. Articles not fitting the above categories arc unlikely 26 to be considered. • �Hospitalsplement the present unit at BGH and allow for more intricate studies at Buffalo General. Via microwave transmission, these services would also be available to the other Network hospitals. The proposal is now being re,·iew­ ed by representatives of the medical staffs at each Network hospital, and pending physi­ cian support, an application will be filed with the State Health Department for approval to go ahead with the shared system. Medical staff interaction is considered to be the key to success of the Net work, and to date, the physicians from all five hospitals have been very supportive of the Network concept. Beginning in January 1984, Family Medicine Residents from Buffalo General's University afliliated program will begin rotations at Genesee Memorial Hospital. Some residents arc already invok­ ed in a program underway at Tri-County Memorial, and a similar program is being investigated for Lockport Memorial. "A primary objective of the Network is to achieve greater efficiencies through multifacility proposals and to help Western New York by containing costs, keeping money within the system and enhancing doc­ tors' opportunities to practice," Ms. Barshter said. "We feel the hospitals of the Buffalo General Health Care Network offer a diver­ sified health care setting and provide a creative, challenging environment for those in training as well as health care professionals in practice." The etwork is demonstrating the ,·arious ways in which hospitals can work together while performing their respective roles within the overall delivery system. The member hospitals of the Buffalo General Health Care Network arc working to make health care more accessible and more cost-efTectiw· f(,­ the Western New York region as a "hole. Sheehan Hospital: bum centers will be con· solidated there. (H.tfmntedjrom Ruffalo Cmmd /!mpilaf'> "Pul>thmt ') • Dedication Sheehan RPMI honors Dr. Wehr Acquired by Millard Fillmore Hospital A dedication ceremony marking the opening of Roswell Park Memorial l n­ stitute's William H. Wehr Research Center was held Wednesday, January 18. The dedication represented the culmina­ tion of a 1.9 million project to centralize Roswell Park's research programs involving chemical carcinogens and immunodepriH·d mice in a facility with adequate biohazard containment safeguards. According to l nstitute director Dr. Gerald P. Murphy, "Roswell Park considers the William H. Wehr Research Center to be an important resource in expanding its basic research programs and helping to bring the answers to the cancer problems into clearer focus." Dr. Wehr spent a 37-ycar career at Roswell • Park. M illard Fillmore Hospital's president Jan Jennings announced its planned acquisition of Sheehan 1cmorial Hospital on July I, 1983. Sheehan Memorial Hospital, a 136-bed facility in downtown Buffalo, initiated the merger action f(>r a number of reasons. The hospital has unique financial problems but a very well defined patient care mission. The merger will guarantee its continuation and financial viability. The agreement will merge two burn treatment centers into one to be located at Sheehan. It also reinforces backup medical and professional services beyond the limits of a small hospital and pro,·ides direct access to specialized sen·ices that arc simp- ly not feasible for Sheehan. Further, it allows the entire expanding "Millard Family" a greater voice in health care planning in the community. The central issue, lH>We\Tr, is improved medical care to the communitY served by S~echan, Gates Circle and Subu;­ ban in a comprehensive patient care plan, hospital spokespersons indicate. Millard Fillmore llospital supports the corporate action because the addition of another operating hospital helps to better distribute costs and reimbursements through one corporate entity and spreads the overhead of many departments over three hospitals instead of two, its President jennings said. The unifying of burn treat­ ment centers provides efficiency in burn care and cost savings to both hospitals. It also pro­ vides a different setting through which the surgical and possibly other residencies can rotate, improving and diH·rsifying the case mtxcs. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �. . ~------------------------------------------~ -- How Do You Spell Relief? The Doctor's Guide to You and Your Colon by Martin Plaut, M.D., New York, Harper & Row, 1982, pp. 138, $10.95. This book is not funny it is hilarious! Scatology sells almost as well as sex in the U.S. and even better in Mediterranean cultures where preoc­ cupation with bowels passe·s for a na­ tional past-time. Billing it as "a candid, helpful guide to our #1 hidden health complaint;' Martin Plaut with the aid of several colleagues has composed a readable, light, informative myth debunker for the lay public. Dr. Plaut is a State University at Buffalo professor of medicine. The Buffalo News' Tom Toles (one of the more effective political cartoonists since Thomas Nast) adds a touch of class with clever illustrations, e.g. a character with enormous teeth . gnawing on a tree to extol the virtue of dietary fiber. "The ritual of painlessly moving the bowels provides the kind of special satisfaction that comes with something truly done. " In "How the Bowel Works;' the reader is taken step by step through the G I tract anatomically and physiologically. The range of shapes, sizes, frequency of stools as well as symptomatology assigrr-:­ ed to the bowels is presented with col­ orful metaphor and occasional onomatopoeia. While one movement a day occurs on average, three a day or twice a week is not abnormal. To have no movement for a week, e.g. on a trip, should be no cause for panic. ·: . . for those who take a vitamin and have a bowel move­ ment each morning, the in-out cycle must seem an ideal way to maintain health." "For most people with con­ stipation, no disease exists and none will be found." Loads of people suffer from a malady termed "apparent" colon disease. Con­ stipation, frequent stools, irregularity, alternating loose and firm stools, urgen­ cy, "sluggishness':, and a h?st of other complaints fall withm the wide range of normal and have no disease associated. Even pain prior to or during evacuation bodes no ill for disease. Lactose, the sugar in milk, causes distress in 15 per cent of Caucasians and 50 per cent of blacks by virtue of their lacking the en­ zyme for its digestion. The avoidance of 28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN milk will usually effect a cure. Other tips for managing apparent disease arc: drink lots of water, add bran to your diet, allow time for the bowel to move, and keep your complaints to yourself! In the 19th century, the medical pro­ fession attributed most illness to "auto­ intoxication" - poisons absorbed from stool too long resident in the colon. A good bit of therapeutics consisted of elaborate methods of cleansing the bowel. Famous chairpeople of medicine today still are honored with the title - fR»lSVERSt COLON SPltNIC fl[XUI\L Si'I~L L lNTESliNL Professor of Theory and Practice of Physik. ow, this upstart Plaut says these laxatives and enemas are a lot of - oops! It came as a surprise to this "physikian" that the fanfare over fiber in the diet is likely a passing fad. A very good recipe for bran muffins is presented. "Of all the ills to which man is heir, excessive gas is the most embarrassing dangerous." yet least Most bloating or excess gas can be traced to: • air swallowing; • drinking of beverages containing car­ bon dioxide - i.e. beer, soda; • hydrogen from the improper breakdown of lactose. Belchers can be helped by improved eating habits. For those who can't tolerate lactose, a prodigious quantity of gas will be formed. In fact, one student was reported to have passed gas 34 times a day and after drinking milk stepped up the output to 141 times - a veritable record for the Guinness Book of Records. "Travel expands the mind and loosens the bowels." �----------------------------------------------------- Books"Turista", "Montezuma's Revenge", and similar terms have been coined to describe diarrhea with associated illness which often attacks the traveler. Experts disagree as to the cause. It can be bad water or food but could a lso be from drinking water or milk containing bacteria different from those in our own intestine. Blood in the stool or continued watery diarrhea require attention. Lomotil, and kaopectate may provide symptomatic relief. Doxycycline, an an­ tibiotic, has been recommended pro­ phylactically if one contemplates leav­ ing a pile in a high risk area. Plaut presents a poop sheet of facts on turista that would be well worth the traveler's while copying and posting inside one's suitcase. "Although our four-legged ancestors went through life unen­ cumbered by hemorrhoids, piles likely annoyed the first human be­ ing who assumed the upright stature." For hemorrhoids , (described graphically by structure and function), preparation H, fibre and sitz baths help. When a ll else fails - surgery too will provide temporary relief. There arc three serious diseases of the colon diverticulitis, colitis, and cancer. Symptoms and what to do are aptly described. "Growing out of infancy is marked by three episodes: the first word, the first unaided step, and the first formed stool that thuds into the potty seat." While denying Freudian sophistica­ tion, Plaut has admirable insight to bowel preeminence in the lives of many. He is not nearly as primal as orman Mailer's Ancient Evenings. The latter is downright disgusting to those of tender sensitivity. It will take from one to two hours to read this book. Physicians shou ld recommend it to patients with bowel problems - or at least keep it around the house to produce heaps of laughter from half-loaded guests at cocktail parties. This is really a superb book - engag­ ing, informative, desensitizing, clever­ ly written - we would have expected no less from one of our own physicians of letters, (a regular guy) Martin Plaut. • Lou Leibowitz's Best Bran Muffins Ever as told to her by her mother 7 1 2 cups bran box raisins (2 1h cups) cups boiling water cup honey cup corn oil 11h cups molasses (12 oz. jar) 4 eggs, beaten 1 quart buttermilk 3 cups whole-wheat flour ('h cup soy flour may be substituted for part of flour to increase protein content) 5 teaspoons ba.king soda 1 teaspoon salt Optional additions: Nuts, dates, crushed pineapple, coconut. 1 • Place 4 cups of bran and raisins in a bowl and pour boiling water over. Stir and set aside to cool. 2 • Put honey in large bowl and stir in one at a time: oil, molasses, eggs, but­ termilk, and remaining 3 cups of bran. 3 • Combine flour, soda and salt. Add to second bran mixture. 4 • Stir in bran-raisin mixture. 5 • Spoon into greased muffin pans­ fill two-thirds full. 6 • Bake in preheated 4000 F. oven for 20 minutes or till lightly browned. 7 • Allow to cool slightly in pan, on racks. 8_ • Muffins come out more easily if g1ven a short rest period. Notes: Batter stores in refrigerator, if covered, for up to two months. Bring batter to room temperature before baking . Muffins freeze well. Recipe makes approximately 4 dozen muffins of 150 calories each. _.... BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 29 �ui 0 ~ 0 <ii f20 I a.. Med School Talent Show From Broadway to doo-op and blues and medicine do mix, as demonstrated at the Second Annual Medical School Talent show on Music Januarv 21. Sponsored IJV the American Medical Student Association, the evening program featured 13 acts. Virtually everv type ot music was offered, trom easy listening and Broadway tunes, to classical and folk, doo-op, blues, countrv and hanl rock. The Dermatones sang 'SO's style songs such as "Blue Moon" with the accompanying attire and body movements. The emcee, Donnlca Moore, told how the group had considered other names, such as the Loclcjaws, Sore Throats and Tongue Depressors before choosing the Dermatones. Emcee Moore not only Introduced the acts but was the night's stand-up comedienne also. Referring to the easy listening music played IJV Rich Rosenfeld and Charlie Shapiro, she Joked that "It they don't make It as doctors, they can always do the wedding and bar mitzvah circuit." Exquisitely performed was a Beethoven sonata 1JV medical student Arthur Weissman, who has aPh.D. In music. Some other selections were "Those Were The Days" 1JV Deborah Shaunders, Don McClean's "Vincent" sung 1JV Larry Rammuno and Gershwin's "Summertime" sung 1JV Deborah Richter and Janice Pegels. Before the last act, comedienne Donnlca Moore posed the question "What did the schizoid say to the waitress?" Answer: "Separate checks, please:· Hanl rock IJV the group Thyroid Storm pumped the audience with adrenaline as the program ended. Howanl Stark (talking and acting amazingly like Mr. TJ. Mark Billinson, Charlie Shapiro, Camille Hemlock and tour others roared songs IJV Eric Clapton, J. Steinman and The Police. 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Students-· Minorities Summer program effective T he School of Medicine's Summer Pre­ paratory and Support Program does appear to be dfecuve m prepanng minority medical students f(>r academic suc­ cess. That is the finding of a study by B graduate student Mary E. Finn, Ph.D., in collaboration with Maggie S. Wright, Ph.D., assistant dean for student affairs and Frank Schimpfhauser, Ph.D., assista~t clean for development and evaluation. In 1969, the School of Medicine initiated a program to recruit and retain minority s.tudents. The Summer Preparatory and Support Program, begun in 1975, is one of only seven or eight such programs among the nation's 127 medical schools that offer a credit-bearing first-year medical school course. The course is histology/embryology. The prc-matriculatory program aims to strengthen learning skills and offer course work prior to matriculating for the purpose of identifying students' strengths and weaknesses early so that improved academic support can be provided. The evaluation analyzed 82 UB minority medical students who entered between 1975 and 1980 and successfully completed their first two years at medical school. Sixty-fi,·e per cent of them participated in the summer program. The study f(>und that 43 per cent of the 82 students had little to no academic difficul­ ty and 26 per cent had some academic dif­ ficulty. Thirty-two per cent had considerable academic difficulty requiring the repetition of first or second year course work and five or more years to graduate. . The primary finding was that "participa­ llon in the ... program appears to have been helpful." Approximately 17 per cent more academically successful minority medical students participated in the summer pro­ gram, compared to those who were academically unsuccessful. Further analysis showed that, among students who were in the program, those who had considerable academic difficulty includ­ ed more men (67 per cent). This was despite the fact that the total sample was equally dtvtded between men and women. The report said "Participation in the . . program seems most beneficial for women minorit v students and less so for the men, or at lea;! In itself, the . program is not enough of a support mechanism to male minoritv students to allow them to complete medin;l school in four vears." The exact reason for this is not clca~. Another trend detected is that students who were non-science maJors tn undergraduate school arc more likely to ha,·e academic difficulty. One curious finding was that MCAT scores " do not appear to predict those who will and those who will not benefit" from the program. In fact, the students who ex­ perienced considerable academic difficulty had MCAT scores that "were in every in­ stance higher than" those who did better academically in the Medical School. Drs. Finn and Wright were to present the paper to the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association April :n to 27 in New Orleans. • ''Program is most beneficial for women.'' BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �Solidarity Zaleski translates its 'Bible' T By Mary Beth Spina he collected sermons and essays of a Polish priest and philosopher which have fueled and sustained the spirit of Solidarity will be published this spring thanks to a UB immunologist and a Canisius College professor. . , ,. The works of Rev. jozcf ltschner translated into English by Dr. Marek Zaleski (M.D., Ph.D.) and Rev. Benjamin Fiore, S.j., will be published in May by Harper and Row. The 128-pagc Spirit of Solidarity, popularly known as the "Bible of Solidari­ ty," will retail in the U.S. f(H· 9.95. It has been translated into Italian, German, French, Flemish and Swedish. Dr. Zaleski is a professor in the Department of Microbiology. . Rev. Tischner's works arc today unavailable in Poland except for a few copies published by the Paris-based_ emigre publishing house, Editions Spotkama, whtch have been successfully smuggled m by oblig­ ing travelers. Monil's the two Buffalo translators would have received for thetr ef­ forts have been designated f(>r Edition' Spotkania. Former U.S. national security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski wrote the foreword f(>r the translation. lie describes the Solidant} movcml'nt as a "distinctive combination of social classes and ideas held together by a transcendental belief in ultimate justice." This collection of 23 sermons and essays, he notes, forms the ethical basis for the Solidar­ ity movement which, Brzezinski points out, is a truly remarkable accomplishment. "In the course of several years of sustain­ ed struggle against an oppressive police regime, Solidarity did not innict a single death. on-violence and 'turnmg the other check' have been the lodestars of its social behavior," he writes. Zaleski, who left his native Poland 14 years ago for political reasons and joined UB's Department of Microbiology wtth the ate! of its chairman, Dr. Felix M ilgrom, dcscnbes his work on the translation as a "labor of love." A staunch supporter of Solidarity and an admirer of its leader, Lech Walcsa, Zaleski dedicated to the trade-union leader a book he recently co-authored, entitled Im­ munogmetics. A copy of the text, one of only four which have been wnttcn 111 thts specialized area of immunology, was presented toM rs. Dan uta Walesa when she ancndcd ceremonies in Oslo to collect the Nobel Peace Prize in behalf of her husband. 32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Zaleski with his translation. It was then also she learned that Rev. Tischner's writings were to be published in English this spring. "Solidarity," explains Zaleski, "is more than a trade union movement for fair wages or improved working conditions. It is a unique commitment to a set of ethics which joins professor with laborer, artist with farmer, for a common good in the belief that man has dignity." The communists, who have officially outlawed Solidarity, have failed to silence the movement for a number of reasons. "The Catholic Church in Poland is a powerful f(>rce and one with which the government docs not dare openly make war," says Zaleski. Organized religions arc not as powerful and unified a social force in other captive Eastern European nations, he adds. In contrast to Solidarity's peaceful resistance, the outright defiance of freedom fighters in Hungary and Czechoslovakia easily provoked the sending in of troops and tanks. "The lessons taught the Ilungarians and the Czechs who sought freedom were not wasted on the Poles and later, the Solidar­ ity leaders, who saw another, more peaceful and perhaps ultimately more effective means of showing their displeasure with a govern­ ment which had failed them morally, ethical­ ly and economically," Zaleski points out. He believes the economic problems which have led to severe and extended shortages of food, clothing and other goods in Poland will spread to other captive Eastern Euro­ pean nations within the next few years. "It is inevitable that the unrest will spread," he explains, " because ethically and economically, the Soviets arc slowly strangl­ ing" Eastern Europe. The Soviets contract for commodities which they pay f(>r in rubles; the rubles have finlc or no value as hard currency on the international money market. "It is the same as delivering 100 pairs of shoes, let us say, to someone who pays you �Peoplein counterfeit money which cannot be used to buy more leather or equ ipment to make more shoes. But later, the same person agam tells you to make another 100 pairs of shoes and pays again in the same worth less cur­ rency," Zaleski explains. A businessman could say "no" the second time, but the Poles and the others do not have this option. "The Soviets and Polish government leaders have been publicly embarrassed by the fact Walesa was named to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. No doubt they were even more angered when he refused to seck per­ mission to travel to Oslo for the pnze ceremonies, gving as his reason that since Solidarity members were still imprisoned 111 Poland it would not be right for him to leave," Zaleski notes. Neither have the Soviets been pleased that Walcsa publicly announced that the money which accompanwd the prize wou ld go to the Polish people through ad­ ministration by the Catholic Church. "Solidarity, begun in Poland, wi ll spread," Zaleski predicts, "and is perhaps the, one hope for freedom in capti ve Eastern Euro­ • pean countries. Man of Year Schultz wins award T he 1984 "Man of the Year" Award of the American H eart Association, W Y Chapter, was presented to Robert W. Schultz, M.D., a UB professor, on Saturday, February 11. Dr. Schultz was chosen for the award because of his outstandin g dedication and support in the fight against heart disease. 1983's "Man of the Year", Leon E. Farh1, M.D. , also a UB professor, delivered the award to Dr. Schultz at the 4th Annual H eart Ball at the Buffalo Convention Center. Dr. Schultz's primary concern has been in the area of hypertension ; and in 1978, he founded the Hig h Blood Pressure Con trol Program of WNY. Since 1973, he has served as past president and on the Board of Direcwrs of the AHA's WNY Chapter, as well as on the Board of Directors of the NY State Affiliate of the AHA. A clinical assistant professor in the Department of Medicine, he has been at UB since 1970 and is a B Medical School a lum­ nus. He has a private practice on Delaware Avenue Buffalo and is in charge of the hemodi,alys is u~it at 1illard Fillmore H ospital. Dr. Schul tz was honored previously with the Distinguished Service Award of both the H eart Association ofWNY and the t ational Kidney Foundation in 1975 and 1976. • DR. ELIZABETH REPASKEY, CLINICAL ASSIStant professor of a natom ical sciences, has received a two-year Muscular D ystrophy As­ sociation gran t of$ 27,000 to study the role of spectrin in muscle a nd red blood cells. • DR. ALLEN RICHMOND, CLINICAL INSTRUC­ tor of otolaryngology, recently attended the 19th Congress of the International Associa­ tion of Logopaedics and Phoniatrics in Edin­ burgh Scotland. Dr. Richmond's research has 'in~olved modification of artificial larynx for laryngectomy patients. His clinical research includes the area of methods of treating aphasic patients, with graduate stu­ dent participation. Outside of the Univer­ sity, he has directed therapy and group discussions for the No-Voice C lu b, Buffalo Chapter, Internat ional Association of La ryngectomies. • SEVEN UB FACULTY IN THE MEDICAL SCHOOL have been named fellows of the American College of Surgeons: Dr. Cyril S. Bodner, clinical assistant professor in otolaryngology; Dr. Evan J. Evans, clinical instructor in surgery; Dr. James M. Hassett, J r., ass is­ tant professor in biophys1cal sc1ences; Dr. Douglas W. Klotch, ass istant professor _in otola ryngology; Dr. Keun Yong Lee, aSSIS­ tant professor in otolaryngology; Dr. Joel H. Paull, clinical instructor in surgery, and Dr. Thaddeus A. Zak, assistant professor in ophthalmology. • SEVERAL MEMBERS OF THE DEPARTMENT of Orthopaedic Surgery made presentations at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting held in February in Atlanta, Georgia. Among them were Dr. Eugene Mindell, chairman_of the depart­ ment, and Dr. DavidS. Bevilacqua, speak- ing on "Pilon Fractures ( Intra-articular Frac­ tures) of the Distal Tibia." "Primary Malig­ nant Tumors of the Upper Extremity: Retrospective Analysis of 126 Cases" was the topic of three U B orthopaedic professors: D r. James Creighton, Dr. C layton Peimer and Dr. Mindell, as well as surgery professors Dr. Harold Douglass and Dr. Con stantine Karakousis. Dr. Mark Koniuch presented an exh ibi t o n "I !crbert Scaphoid Screw Fixation." • DR. JOHN F. REILLY WAS RECENTLY ELECTED president and D r. R ajinder S. Sach ar was elected treasurer of the Western New Yo rk Society of Internal Medicine. Bo th arc clinical instructors of medicine. • DR. ROBERT REIN , RESEARCH PROFESSOR in biophysics and Roswell Park's associate chi ef cancer research scientist in the Ex­ perimental Pa th ology Department , chaired a roundtable discussion on the Role of Pro­ teins in Cancer, at the annual meet in g of the National Foundation fiJr Cancer Researc h, September 13-19, in Woods H ole, Mass­ achusetts. • DR. GERALD SUFRIN, CHAIRMAN AND PRO· fcssor of the Depa rtment of Urology, reports hi s department will be presenting fiJUr papers at the annual meeting of the American Urological Associatin. This is the major national meeting in Urology. Dr. Sufrin has been selected to moderate a ses­ sion on renal adenocarcinoma a t the meeting. • DR. CHARLES E. WENNER, RESEARCH PRO­ fessor of biochemistry and researcher in Roswell Park's Experimental Bio lo gy Department, received a 59,015 gran t from the National Cancer Institute to study the effects of co-ca rc inogens on ce llula r m embrnn~. • DR. PHILLIP ZEIDENBERG, RESEARCH ASSO· ciatc professor of psychiatry and acting director of· the Research Instit ul e on Alcoholism, 1021 Main Street, has been awarded a $20,000 grant from the SU:--JY Research Foundation. The educational tra ining grant will be us­ ed to provide fin a ncial stipends to four g raduate stude nts who arc working on col­ laborative research projects with facu lty from the School of Medicine and the Department of Psychology. • DR. GIUSEPPE ANDRES, PROFESSOR OF Dr. Schultz: Man at the )tlar. microbiology in pathology and medicine, was appointed a member of the Review Committee, National Research Council, Na­ tional Academy of Sciences in Washingwn, D.C. H e will a lso se rve as editorial advisor BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �.- for the Proceedings of the Society for Ex­ perimental Biology and Medicine. On November 16, 1983, he conducted the "com­ bined staff clinic" of the Department of Medicine, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, ew York City. • DR. THOMAS J. GUTTOSO, CLINICAL ASSIStant professor of medicine, has been named director of the Ophthalmology Department at the Erie County Medical Center. He is also chairman of the Medical School's Admission Committee. • DR. JAMES MOHN, PROFESSOR OF MICRO· DR. ROBIN M. BANNERMAN, DIRECTOR, JOINT biology, has been appointed by ew York Governor Mario Cuomo to the state legislated AIDS Advisory Council. The 14-member council was mandated by a bill signed by Governor Cuomo this summer. The council will advise New York State of­ ficials on their efforts to combat the lethal Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Specifically, the council will advise State Health Commissioner David Axelrod on "AIDS outreach activities, education and counseling programs for AIDS victims and their families, and affected employee groups such as nurses and corrections officers." This council is the second established under the AIDS legislation. The first is a panel of scientific experts which will help direct allocation of $4.5 million m state funds dedicated to AIDS research. Dr. Mohn was named to the panel , which is made up mostly of elected officials and heads of community, social and academic organizations, because of his knowledge of blood transfusions and diseases which can be ~arried in the process. Mohn is also head of the New York State Blood Council. Also appointed to the AIDS council was D r. Edward Mirand, director of edu­ cation at Roswell Park and a UB research profes or. • Divisions of Medical/Human Genetics in the Department of Medicine, Buffalo General and Children's Hospitals, has been elected a member of the Board of Directors of the American Society of Human Genetics for a three year term. • DR. HAROLD BRODY, CHAIRMAN AND PRO- DR. THOMAS DAO, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE DR. EMANUEL LEBENTHAL WAS PROGRAM 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN professor of ob-gyn, was elected president of the Buffalo Gynecologic and Obstetric So­ • ciety for the current year. DR. K. MICHAEL CUMMINGS, CLINICAL AS- were featured in February on the WEER public radio program, "At Your Service." D r. Robert K ratzel, clinical assistant professor of microbiology, discussed "Threat of AIDS and the Safety of the Public Blood Supply" on February 12. On February 26, D r. Doris Rapp, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics, discussed food allergies and D r. Will iam Dillon, associate professor of gyn-ob, was interview­ ed on pregnancy and childbirth. • DR. ANDREW W. GREEN, CLINICAL INSTRUC­ DR. DANIEL C. KOZERO, CLINICAL ASSISTANT sistant professor of social and preventive medicine and researcher in Roswell Park's Cancer Control & Epidemiology Depart· ment, received a $3,275 grant from the Na­ tional Institutes of Health to develop and test a physicians' training program to teach them methods and techniques designed to help pa· • tients stop smoking. SEVERAL MEDICAL SCHOOL PROFESSORS tor of medicine, is the new president of the Buffalo Allergy Society. He is on the staff at Mercy Hospital. • DR. JAMES R. HUMBERT, PROFESSOR OF pediatrics, lectured on "Infections and Iron Deficiency: Clinical and Experimental Aspects" to the· Instituto Nacional de Pediatria in Mexico City on November 21, 1983. • fessor of the Department of Anatomical Sciences, has been appointed a member of the Committee on Hearing, Bioacoustics and Biomechanics of the ational Research Council. This is an advisory group to the federal government and is a principal operating agency of the National Academy of Sciences. The committee will look at dif­ ficulties of speech and communication due to the aging process. • professor of surgery and chief, Breast Surgery Department at Roswell Park, has been appointed to the American Cancer Society's National Task Force on Breast Cancer Control. • Dr. James Mohn ed the School of Medicine's Continuing Medical Education Office and Children's Hospital. • chairman for the Third National Conference on Advances in Pediatric Gastroenterology and utrition held February 9-12 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, with the Department of Pediatrics at UB as a co-sponsor. Current concepts in gastrointestinal disease, new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, and recent trends in the field of infant nutrition were discussed. Other local sponsors includ- Dr. Robert Grantham DR. ROBERT GRANTHAM, ASSISTANT PRO· fessor of psychiatry, was recently honored as a recipient of the Buffalo Branch- AACP Community Service Award. President of the Kenmore Rotary Club, Dr. Grantham has served on the board of the Buffalo Speech and Hearing Center and the Minority Ad­ visory Committee of the NYS Department of Mental H ygiene. He has been active in efforts this year to establish the Sickle Cell Disease Center of W Y, and he is co­ director of an innovative course for UB medical students on health care for the poor and disadvantaged. • DR. M. STEVEN PIVER, CLINICAL PROFESSOR and deputy chief of Roswell Park's Gynecologic Oncology Department, has been elected as an honorary fellow of the Texas Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. • DR. MARVIN I. HERZ, PROFESSOR AND chairman of the Department of Psychiatry, introduced State Mental Health Commis­ sioner D r. Steven Katz a t a program held October 19-20 at Gowanda Psychia tric �PeopleCenter. The conference offered continuing education credits. The conference theme was "Community and Institutional Perspectives in Rural Mental Health." Dr. Herz and Dr. Katz are long-time friends. • DR. CARL W. PORTER, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE professor of pathology and researcher in Roswell Park's Experimental Therapeutics Department, received a $44,531 grant from the National Cancer Institute to study anti­ cancer drug action on polyamines and mitochondria. • DR. JOHN LORE, PROFESSOR AND CHAIRMAN of the Department of Otolaryngology, chaired three sessions of the National Cancer Institute program, "Head and Neck Cancer: Integration of Rehabilitation and Treat­ ment;' held January 18-19 in Bethesda, Maryland. One of the sessions Dr. Lore chaired was on "Issues of Community or Center Care of the Head/Neck Cancer Patient." Dr. D o nald Shedd , research professor of surgery and chief of Head/ eck Surgery at Roswell Park Memorial I nstitute, chaired a session on laryngectomy and voice • restoration. DR. HARVEY D. PREISLER, RESEARCH AS­ sociate professor of medicine and deputy chief, Medical Oncology Department at Roswell Park, chaired a session on Acute Leukemia at the American Society of Hematology Meeting, December 3-6, in San Francisco. • DR. CHARLES W. PRUET, ASSISTANT PRO­ fessor of otolaryngology, was honored by be­ Ing selected as Medical School liaison officer for the U.S. Navy and as Commanding Of­ ficer of the Medical School Research Hospital Unit, Buffalo, NY. • DR. ALFRED R. LENZNER, CLINICAL ASSIStant professor of medicine, announces the relocation of his office for the practice of diabetic medicine to 2979 Elmwood Avenue, Kenmore 14217, as of January I, 1984. Dr. Lenzner was recently honored by the WNY Chapter of the American Diabetes Association in recognition of his many con­ tributions to the organization. • DR. ELLIOTT MIDDLETON, PROFESSOR OF medicine and pediatrics, spoke last October 23-25 on "Studies on the Immunological Pro­ perties of Human Peritoneal Mast Cells" before the 96th meeting of the American Clinical and Climatological Association in Bermuda. He also spoke on a related topic November 4-5 at the 4th Susan Dees Sym­ posium on Allergy and Immunology at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. • DR. CEDRIC M. SMITH , PROFESSOR OF pharmacology and therapeutics, was invited as the Arkansas Medical Society Lecturer on Alcohol Problems and Their Treatments. The Arkansas State Medical Society sponsors an annual invited speaker for medical students at the University of Arkansas College of Medicine. In addition to the formal medical students lecture, Dr. Smith presented a semi­ nar dealing with the results of his recent research on alcohol post-intoxication syn­ dromes - the hangover and withdrawal. • Dr. Joseph Pezlo DR. JOSEPH PEZIO, CLINICAL PROFESSOR and acting chair of the Department of Nuclear Medicine, was recently elected treasurer of the 8th District Branch of the Medical Society of the State of New York. He was also elected national chairman of the Georgetown Medical Alumni Fund for 1983-85. • DR. ENRICO MIHICH, RESEARCH PROFESSOR of pharmacology and therapeutics and direc­ tor, Experimental Therapeutics Department at Roswell Park will serve on the program committee of the 14th I nternational Cancer Congress, to be held in 1986 in Budapest, Hungary. • DR. JOHN NAUGHTON, DEAN OF THE SCHOOL DO YOU HAVE A SPECIAL TALENT IN MUSIC? THE ARTS? STAGE? SPORTS? UNUSUAL HOBBY? WRITING OUTSIDE OF MEDICINE? The BUFFALO PHYSICIAN is pla nning to present articles featurin g UB physicia ns, alumni and m edical ~ tud e nt s with outstanding talents outside of the m edical professwn . PLEASE LET US KNOW! - Contact: Bruce s. Kershner, U ni versity M ed ical Editor, 136 Crofts H all , SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, N Y 14260 of Medicine and UB vice president for clinical affairs, was invited by President Reagan to attend a reception for the Presi­ dent's Counci l on Physical Fitness and Sports. The reception took place on January 19 at the White House. • DR. FREDERICK M. OCCHINO, CLINICAL AS­ sistant professor of family medicine, was elected vice president of the Erie County Chapter of the ew York State Academy of Family Physicians. Dr. C linto n H. Stro n g, clinical associate professor of family medicine, was elected treasurer. • DR. MARY TAUB, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF biochemistry, received an NIH grant of $58,875 to conduct research on the regula­ tion of kidney epithelial cell growth by hor­ mones. She will work with a hormonally defined medium for growing kidney cells. Instead of just adding serum to the medium as previously done, she will add specific com­ ponents of serum, e.g., insulin transferin, an iron-binding agent, prostaglandin and 3-tri­ iodo thyranine hydrocortizone. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 35 ��ClassnotesDear Colleague: Now that the cold of winter is behind us, we can look forward to the birth of Spring, and with that comes our annual Spring Clinical Day Program planned by the Alumni Board. Ji0i will have many fine exhibits from Alumni and members of the medical community to add to this educa­ tional program. The program "Today's Medical Challenges," as the name implies, will be a discussion of some of the more pressing medical problems, that have already, or will in the future, affect the quality of life and medical care of our pa­ tients. Ji0i have as our Stockton Kimball Lecturer, the well known Dr. Jonas Salk 1910 FRANCIS M. CRAGE, M'19 • is retired and living at 4410 ucces Drive, Santa Barbara, California. who, directly or indirectly, has affected ourselves and members of ourfamily as well as our patients. Within six years ofits in­ ception, the Salk vaccine reduced the in­ cidence ofpolio by as much as 95 per cent, preventing about 300, 000 cases of polio in the United States. It will be a pleasure to meet and hear this humanitarian. Members of the classes of 1929, 1934, 1939, 1944, 1949, 1954, 1959, 1964, 1969, 1974, be sure to notify your class chairman that you will be attending your reunzon. I'm looking forward to seeingyou at the above events. Eugene Michael Sullivan, M.D. President, Medical Alumni 1940 JOHN D. WHITE, M'40 • recei­ ,·ed permanent membership in the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary after ten years of active participa· tion in search and rescue duties in the Florida Keys. Dr. White is semi-retired and serves as a con· sultant to the Florida Health Pro· fessional Services, Inc., of South Florida. JOHN D. PERSSE, M'42 • f(>rmer chief of the Department of Surgery, Mercy Hospital of Buf· 1920 FRANCIS R. DANIELS, M'24 • would be happy to hear from any dassmates interested in a 60th Reunion. Dr. Daniels lives at 1302 Risa Place, Santa Ana, California 92705. 1950 ROBERT C. SHAPIRO, M'51 • of Scottsdale, Arizona, was elected president of the Arizona Psychiatric Society for 1983-1984. 1960 HARRY L. METCALF, M'60 • clinical associate professor of family medicine and president of the Highgate Medical Group, P.C., was recently elected to the Board of Directors of the American Academy of Familv Physicians, at their Annu;;l Meeting in :V1iami, Florida. The AAFP is the largest medical specialty organization and represents more than 55,000 family doctors throughout the United States. Dr. Metcalf has been a Delegate representing New York State at the AAFP since 1975. He has been a member of the ;'o.lillard Fillmore stafT since 1978. HARRY L. METCALF, M'60 • has been elected to the Board of Directors of the American Academy of Famil} Physicians. Dr. Metcalf is associate clinical professor of family medicine at the University at Buffalo School of Medicine. HOWARD L. STOLL, M'28 • who retired from active practice in 1983 was recently honored at a tea g-iven by the Village Board of Lntlc Valley, New York. J. ANTHONY BROWN, M'61 • has a solo practice in surgery ''in a small California city.'' Dr. Brown lives at 1347 Lamont Avenue Thousand Oaks, Californi~ 91362. 1930 CARMELO E. PATTI (M'32) • received the great honor of being W>ted by Steuben County citizens 1 ~to the Steuben County Hall of Fame. They chose him for his 50 years of charitable service to Hornell and its surrounding communities, especially to the Boy Scouts, Camp Fire Girls, and adult organizations. He was also honored for his Golden An· niversary in the practice of me· dtune 1932-1982 and as a 50th year member in the AMA, N.Y. State, Steuben County, and local medical societies. Until his retire­ ment, he was on the staff of St. John Mercy and Bethesda Hos· Pitals. falo and medical director of Blue Shield of WNY, has retired because of health problems. Dr. Persse was the recipient of the Distinguished Physicians Award of the medical-dental staff of Mercy Hospital. STEPHEN C. SCHEIBER, M'64 • has a new book, The Impaired Ph)lsil"ian, published by Plenum Medical Book Co., that was reviewed in}AMA , Dec. 2, 1983. Said the }A/'v!A reviewer, "this book develops as the foremost authority, if not the bible, for the evolving field of the medical pro­ fession's interest in our occupa­ tional hazards." JOHN RANDALL ANDERSON, M'67 Dr. C.E. Patti • of New Hartford New York informs us that aftdr four year~ in the Navy 1968-1972, one year of emergency medicine, then BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 37 �lege of Education, Pennsylvania State University, Uniwrsity Park, Pennsylvania. MEDICAL ALUMNI REUNION STEPHEN J. LEVINE, M'72 • has relocated his Family Practice Of­ fice to the Catherine Horan Medical Building, Holyoke, Massachusetts 01040. Dr. Levine continues to have admitting privileges in medicine and pediatrics at Holyoke Hospital and Providence Hospital, Holyoke, Massachusetts. ROBERT L. PENN, M'73 • asso­ ciate professor of medicine at Louisiana State University at Shreveport, was recently award­ ed a three-year grant of$117,287 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases for USPHS Grant AI 19666 en­ titled "Intestinal Bacteriallnkc­ tion Due to Immunosuppres­ sion." MAY 5, 1984 Watch your mail for more detailed information from your class chairperson. • • • • • HOWARD R. GOLDSTEIN, M'74 • scientific sessions Stockton Kimball Luncheon spouses program bus tour of the campus individual class parties nine years of f~1mily practice he has returned to full-time emergency medic inc at St. Luke's Memorial Hospital Center. Dr. Harrv C. Metcalf MICHAEL COSTELLO, M'67 • of Fort Pierce, Florida, is in private practitT of general ,·ascular surgery. KENNETH L. JEWEL, M'68 • rT­ cently began operating New Jersey's first nuclear magnetic resonance ( M R) scanner. Dr. Jewel is director of the Depart­ ment of Radiology at Mountain­ side Hospital, Montclair, ;\/.J. He recently published two journal articles on new imaging techni­ quc·s. One, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), is a relative­ ly new technique that allows visualization of arterial anatomy. He describes another tee hnique, percutaneous fine-needle biopsy, as a safe, reliable and cost­ effective method or obtaining tissue for diagnosing malignant disease. 1970 ROY M. OSWAKS, M'71 • of Vir­ ginia Beach, Virginia, plans to deliver a paper entitled "Manage­ ment of the Clavicle In Vascular I_nj~ries," to the Virginia Surgical Souety and have it published in the American Su~t;eon. GERALD M. BERESNY, M'71 • an otolaryngologist, was appointed assistant professor of com­ munication disorders at the Col38 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN was appointed assistant clinical professor of surgny at Rutgers Medical School at Camden. Dr. Goldstein, who is practicing adult and pediatric urology, is pediatric urologist at Cooper Hospital, University Medical Center. He and his wife, Judy, have three children, Lee, Lauren and Daniel 'lbdd. JOHN C. ROWLINGSON , M'74 • writes that he continues "as din·c­ tor of our department's Pain Management Center. We have been awarded a 5-year grant (with Orthopedics and Arthritis) to study back pain. We current­ ly run back education programs for University of Virginia employees, hoping to show that the incidence and severity of back problems can be reduced." He has had five articles and one book chapter published this year. RICHARD J. GOLDBERG, M.D., '74 • has just published a book en­ titled: The PJychosocial Dimen1ioni of Cancer. A Practical Guide for llealth -Care Prol'l"den (The Free Press, Ne,, York. 198:l). Dr. Goldberg, co-author of the volume with R.M . 'lull , is an associate director, department of psychiatr} at Rhode Island Hospital and the Women\ and Inf~mts Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island . ANIL B. MUKHERJEE, Ph.D., M'75 • is a geneticist in the Depart­ ment of I Iuman Genetics, ' a - �Deaths- Classnotes tiona! Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Dr. M uk­ hnjee is also involved in emergency medical care. JOHN C. STUBENBORD, M'75 • finished his Family Practice residcnc7 at Georgetown Univer­ Sity and passed the American Boards of Family Practice in 1983. Currently he is completing sen10r year in the Int ernal Medicine program at the University at Buffalo School of Medicine. JOHN D. ZIMMERlY, M'77 • became board certifinl Obstetrics-Gynecology December 1983. 1n 1n ROBERT ANOliK, M'78 • is an as­ sistant clinical professor of pediatrics at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New .Jersey. Dr. Anolik lives at 2705 DeKalb Pike, Norristown, Penn­ sylvania 19401. MARIO D. SANTilli, M'78 • announces that he is now associated with Richard L. Weiss, M.D.. in the practice of Orthopaedic Surgery. Dr. Santilli is director of l~e Sports Injury Clinic at the Ene County Medical Center. JOHN MARGOliS, M'78 • joined a new surgery clinic at the Aroostook Medical Center's Community General division in Fort Fairfield Maine on December 1, 19fl3. He ha~l just completed a live-year residency at Rhode Island Hospital in Pro­ VIdence. Dr. Margolis, with two colleagues, founded the Presque Isle Surgical Association last summer to provide better service for the patient, intergroup con­ sultation, and better surgical coverage. The Bangor, Maine, News reports "that an advantage Margolis brings to the associa­ tum is his recent training in the latest -sun,ical technique"• ' . . . We b ~ cncfn by his education." JOHN M. CANTY, M'79 • a spe­ cialist in cardiology, is an assis­ tant professor of medicine at the University at Buffalo School of Medicine. MICHAEl UWANOV, M'79 • has recently been appointed as direc­ tor of United H ealth Services' Emergency Mental Health Ser­ VIce at Binghamton General Hospital in central New York. Uljanov completed his residency 1n psychiatry last year at UB and Eric County Medical Cl·nter. One of his goals as new diredor is to remove the stigma some­ times attached to the idea of a psychiatric crisis center. His center has a crisis hotlinc, as well as counseling, referrals and sup­ port for hospital patients with emotional problems related to a physical illness. JOEl M. BERNSTEIN , M'79 • assistant professor of otolaryn­ gology and pediatrics, University at Buffalo, will be presented with an lmernational Award of Merit by the Belgian-Dutch Society on Allergy in Otorhinolaryngology for basic clinical research in the area of Immunology and Otor­ hinolaryngology. The award will be presented in April in the Hague, the Netherlands. Dr. Bernstein was a speaker at the First Int ernational Symposium on Immunology and Otolaryn­ gology held April 12-13, 1984, Utrecht, Netherlands. PHiliP R. SUlliVAN, M'79 • has completed his residency and has begun a private practice in inter­ nal medicine and pediatrics in Rochester, New York, in February. 1980 JOHN PETER SANTAMARIA, M'81 • is completing residency in pediatrics, and in july will begin a residency in cmeq~ency medi­ cine at Charlotte Memorial Hospital, Charlotte, North Carolina. Dr. Santamaria is first vice president of the North Carolina Child Passenger Safe­ ty Association. KEVIN SCOTT FERENTZ, '83 • is in residency training at the Uni­ versity of Maryland. "I just want­ ed to inform you of my change in address, 2717 Jenner Drive, Apt. B, Baltimore, Maryland, 21209 is my permanent addr~ss. I also recently got marncd. RICHARD D. JACKSON, M'83 • is in residency training at Lan­ caster General Hospital. Dr. .Jackson li ves at 1077 Gypsy Hill Road, Lancaster, Pennsylvama 17602. DAVID J. ROSENFElD, M'83 • lives at 130 Edgehill Road, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania 19004. JOHN P. MURPHY (M'58) • died at the age of 74 on September 28, 1983. He was a resident of Penfield , New York. • JOSEPH J. PISA (M'26) • who practiced medicine in Buffalo for 55 years before retiring in 1981, died at age 85 on December 15, 1983. A Buffalo native , he died in Columbus I lospital , where he had served on the staff for so many years. He was also on the staff of Sisters llospital. He was a member of the AMA and the Eric County and Stale Medical Societies, as well as the Baccclli Medical Society and Alpha Phi Delta Fraternity. Shortly before his death, he was honored as the winner of the national Christopher Columbus Award presented by the ational Columbus Day Committee. His wife, .Jennie, daughter Serena, son Thomas, and f(>ur grandchildren survive him. • AliCE BUllETT BURKE (M'18) • died February 1, 1984 in Alameda, California at age 92 after a long illness. Dr. Burke was the wife of renowned Buffalo physician , Gary Burke. After leaving Buffalo, they practiced in Puerto Rico for some time and also did some missionary work. Dr. Burke and her husband were instrumental in establishing hospitals for the Navajo Indians at a time when children were dying for lack of medical attention. She retired in 1967 at the age of 75. She is survived by a son, Dr. Robert H. Burke, also a UB alumnus , (M'51). • FRANCIS R. COYlE (M'32) • died on Dncmber 12, 1983 , in Burlitlo following a long illness. Dr. Coyle, 76, was the head of a hosptal medical unit in Hawaii in World War I I. An Amherst resident, he was born in Scio, New York. He served his internship and residency at the old Buffalo City Hospital. After serving in the Army as a colonel, he operated an Amherst practice until retiring in 1960. He was on the staff of Sisters, Burlitlo General, and St. Francis Hospitals, and was a physician f(>r the Buffalo school system. I le is survived by a daughter, Bernadene; a son, Phillip; a brother, Victor; and a sister, Eleanor. • CARlETON A. HEIST (M'30) • died .January 13 at the age of 76 in Ball Pavilion, a nursing home in Harbor Creek, Pennsylvania. A resident of the Chautauqua County Village of Westfield f(Jr 48 years, he was a life member of the American College of Angiology. A World War II veteran, he was also a member of the College of Surgeons the American Medical Association and its ew York Stale and' Cha~tauqua chapters. His wife of 52 years, Ruth , two sons, two brothers, two sisters, and two grandchildren all survive him. • OR . AMBROSE MACIE died at age 59 on December 28, 1983, at Sisters Hospital after a long illness. An associate clinical professor of obstetrics and gynecology, he was also chief of staff for the equivalent depart­ ment at Sisters Hospital. A Buffalo native, he attended Canisius High School and Canisius College, where he was a star basketball player in the 1940s. He received his medical degree from Marqucllc University in 1950 and then served in the Navy during World War II. Coming to Sisters Hospital in the 1950s, hl' was elected prl'si­ dent of the hospital's medical staff in 1973. Past president of the Buffalo Gynecology Association, he was also elected chairman of the regional section of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. He was also a Fellow of the American Co ll ege of Surgeons, as well as a member of the American College of Obstetricians. He is survived by his wife, Madeline, two sons, three daughters, two sisters, a brother, and one grandson. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 39 �CalendarDEPARTMENT OF PHARMA­ COLOGY & THERAPEUTICS SEM­ INAR SERIES o April 30, Mon­ day, 4 p.m. "Pennyroyal Oil As An Abortive Agent and a Toxin: Mechanistic and Structure Ac­ tivity Relationships." Sidney Nelson, Ph.D., Medicinal Chem­ istry, Pharmaceutics, University of Washington. 108 Sherman Hall, UB. May 9, Wednesday, 4 p.m. "Recent Advances in the Design of Mechanism-Based In~ hibitors of Clinically Relevant Enzyme Targets." Alan Kranz, Ph.D. , director of research, Syntex Corp., Inc., Toronto. For further information, call 716-831-2802. CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY UPDATE: A PROGRAM FOR NONDERMA­ TOLOGISTS • May 14, Monday, 8:30 a.m.-5:15 p.m. Webster many of the most common diseases of the skin, those which the nondermatologist is likely to sec, as well as some less common, but potentially severe diseases. Speakers will emphasize office based diagnosis and treatment of dermatologic problems. New treatments will be featured, in­ cluding treatment of acne with Accutane; acyclovir treatment of herpes infections; and treatment of fungal infections with ketoconazolc. 6 credits Category I of the Physicians Recognition Award of the AMA. Also ac­ cepted for 6 prescribed hours by the American Academy of Fami­ ly Physicians. Advance registra­ tion encouraged. The fcc for members of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine is $25; non­ members, $50; nurses and other ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-EIGHTH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT MAY 19, 1984 2:00 P.M. KLEINHANS MUSIC HALL (Main Auditorium) For information: contact Dr. Jonathan Richert, Assistant Dean and Registrar, 140 Farber Hall, School of Medicine, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214 (716) 831-3390. Hall, Millard Fillmore Hospital. Speakers: James Rasmussen, M.D., University of Michigan Medical School; Kevin Kulick, M.D. , UB/VAMC; Herman Mogavero, M.D., US/Buffalo Medical Group; David Stein, M.D., UB/Children's Hospital; Lincoln Krochnal, M.D., US/Westwood Pharmaceuticals; and Bruce Thiers, M.D., Medical University of South Carolina. This course will survey An .. DIJCCAI n P~V~Ir.:1.4..N health professionals, $25. Fee in­ cludes coffee breaks and lunch. Residents and UB medical students admitted free to scien­ tific program, but must register in advance. Sponsored by the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, the Children's Hospital of Buf­ falo, the UB Departments of Medicine and Dermatology, and UB Continuing Medical Educa­ tion. ROSWELL PARK ONCOLOGY SEM- INAR • June 7, Thursday, "Prevention of Cancer." Dr. Cur­ tis Mettlin. Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm St., Buffalo 14263. Contact Gayle Bersani, (716) 845-4406. Fee: $45, physicians; $15, residents and allied health professionals; no fee, students. Pre-registration encouraged. American Academy of Allergy and Immunology, aod the Scher­ ing Corporation of America. Credit hours: 20. Fee: Physicians in Practice, 275 and allied health professionals, $150. Con­ tact Rayna Dutton, Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant, Buffalo, NY 14222. (Collect) 716878-7630. THE UNITED STATES/CANADA JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURO­ LOGICAL EMERGENCIES IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS • June DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY CONTINUING EDUCATION PRO­ GRAMS • Patterns of Adapta­ 8-10. Inn on the Park, Toronto. Chairmen: Michael E. Cohen, M.D. and William j. Logan, M.D. Sponsored by: UB Conti­ nuing Medical Education, the UB Departments of eurology and Pediatrics, and the Depart­ ment of Pediatric Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto. Credit Hours: 20. Fee: Physicians in Practice, 275, and allied health professionals, $150. Contact Rayna Dutton , Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant, Buffalo, Y 14222. (Collect) 716878-7630. ASTHMA AND OTHER ALLERGIC DISEASES, MANAGEMENT BY PRI­ MARY CARE PHYSICIANS • June 9, Saturday. Hyatt Regency, Buf­ falo, NY. Chairmen: Elliott Mid­ dleton Jr., M.D., and Michele Hindi-Alexander, Ph.D. Spon­ sored by UB Continuing Medical Education, the UB Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, and the ational In­ stitute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Credit Hours: 6. Fee: Free. Contact Rayna Dutton, Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant, Buffalo, NY 14222. (Collect) 716-878-7630. SEVENTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PEDIATRIC/ADULT ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY • July 19-21. Four Seasons Hotel, Toronto. Chairmen: Elliott Middleton Jr., M.D., and Elliot F. Ellis, M.D. Sponsored by: UB Continuing Medical Education, the UB Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, the tion in Psychopathology in In­ fancy and Early Childhood: Principles of Clinical Diagnosis and Preventive Intervention. May 18, Friday, 10:30 a.m. Eric County Medical Center. Robert A. over, M.D. , research psych­ iatrist, Clinica~ Infant Research Unit Laboratory of Psychology and Psychopathology, National Institute of Mental Health; clinical associate professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Child Health and Development, George Washing­ ton University. Short Term Dynamic Psychotherapy: Evaluation, Technique and Outcome, an Audio Visual Presentation. June I (time and location to be announced). Peter Sifncos, M.D., professor of psychiatry, Harvard University; associate director, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston. (Day-long conference). Current Issues in Deinstitu­ tionalization. June 8, Friday, 10:30 a.m., Eric County Medical Center. Leona Bachrach, Ph.D. , research professor of psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry. The Use of P sychotropic Medication in Medically Ill Patients. June 15, Friday, 10:30 a.m. Erie County Medical Center. Joseph Di Giacomo, M.D., associate pro­ fessor of psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania. To apply, call 716-895-2986 or write Dept. of Psychiatry, 462 Grider St., Buf­ falo, NY 14215. �- ............ __ _------------------------------------------------------------111111 BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 ---------------------------------------------------------------LET US HEAR FROM YOU Fill out this card (Please print or type all entries) Name ________________________________________________ Year MD Received ___________ OfficeAddress _______________________________________________________________________ HomeAddress ~--------------------------------------------------------------------- If not UB, MD received from - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ­ In Private Practice: Yes D No D In Academic Medicine: Yes D No D Specialty - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Part Time D Full Time D School Title ___________________________________ Other: 0 Medical Society Memberships: NEWS: Have you changed positions, published, been involved in civic activities, had honors bestowed, etc.? _______________ Please send copies of any publications, research or other original work. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. 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Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1984 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/958c950dd4e7af0088e159578a31ec78.pdf 69ab419b5a33e3c8106883ba3db2f370 PDF Text Text �Dean's Message The revamped Buffalo Physician has completed its first year of trial with the publication of this edition. During the course of the past year, Mr. Bruce Kershner has assumed the void left by the retirement of Mr. Robert McGranahan, and he, together with the University's Publications Department and the guidance of Mr. Robert Marlett have continued and expanded the tradition left by Bob McGranahan. The advisory board has met with the editorial staff on a regular basis. This relationship has and will help bring to our readers a periodic publication that will be informative to all of the School of Medicine's constituents. In the latter regard, we have surveyed the mailing lists critically to make sure that the publication reaches all for whom it is intended. This has resulted in an expanded mailing list. To facilitate its mailing, the University's Public Affairs office has developed a centralized mailing service which will ensure rapid distribution as well as delivery to up to 10,000 readers and supporters (to take effect with the April issue). If you have ideas which will enhance the quality and content of the Buffalo Physician, please feel free to submit them either directly to the editorial staff or to my office for review by the advisory board and Bruce Kershner. Our goal is to ensure a very informative publication which will keep you abreast of the School of Medicine's progress and which will ensure good reading. - John Naughton, M.D. �Contents BUFFALO 2 PHYSICIAN STAFF Executive Editor, University Publications Robert T. Marlett Art Director Rebecca Bernstein Medical Editor Bruce S. Kershner Photography Jim Sulley David S. Ottavio Ed Nowak ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. Maggie Wright Ms. Rita Wolff TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson, director, in association with the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo You won't recognize it • Alumni returning for the annual Spring Clinical Days and reunions will find a "new Buffalo," on the move. 7 10 Mitchell I. Rubin • Dr. Rubin continues his reminiscences about Pediatrics and the development of the medical school. 12 Neck-breaking Surgery • Procedure pioneered by Dr. Simmons involves breaking the patient's neck or spine to correct a deformity. 13 A Gallery of Ghosts • In his recently published memoirs, Dr. Louis Bakay, retired chairman of Neurosurgery, describes "ten lost years" spent in Hungary during World War II. 17 Research • A computer program being developed at UB applies "artificial intelligence" in diagnosing possible malfunctions within the human nervous system. Roswell researcher investigates a disease that may be a precursor to AIDS. UB graduate develops vaccines for herpes and hepatitis in animals through gene splicing, seeks human vaccine. Heroin addicts are winding up on dialysis, a UB researcher reports. 21 Medical School News • UB's first clinical practice plan for fulltime faculty, the last one of its kind in New York State, means significant changes because of its reallocation of funding for medical programs and its regulation of full-time faculty incomes. Grant requested for genetics trianing. Spinal Surgery Pioneer • Dr. Edward Simmons, international pioneer in spinal surgery, has joined UB and Buffalo General Hospital, making Buffalo the treatment center for nearly all the world's cases of a severe spinal defect. 24 Hospitals • Joseph Paris, director of the Buffalo VA Medical Center, is also responsible for other hospitals, a clinic, an old soldiers home, and a national cemetery. Roswell Park reapproved by American College of Surgeons. 26 Students • Fifty medical research exhibits were displayed at the Third Annual Student Research Forum. 27 People • Dr. John Ambrusko spends part-time as a real-life "Love Boat" doctor. Dr. Robert Guthrie honored by the National Association of Retarded Citizens. Other news of people you know. 31 Classnotes • Alumni help is asked in locating " missing" graduates. 32 Deaths • Dr. Erwin Neter is dead at 74. Cover Art: Francis Specker THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, (USPS 551-860) February 1984 - Volume 17, Number 5 published five times annually: February, May, July, September, December - by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Dr. Mitchell I. Rubin Dr. Edward SlmtmJns with patient Alumnus Enzo Paoletti reports on 11acc1ne diSCOIIetY �A Message From The President of the Medical Alumni Association Dear Colleagues: Planning for Spring Clinical Day and alumni reunions is well under way. Spring Clinical Day and the Stockton Kimball Luncheon on Saturday, May 5, are at the Buffalo Marriott Inn. As you can see from the program printed on page 35, an outstanding scientific program will be presented. Official registration material will be in the mail soon. The special reunion classes have all begun planning their individual class celebrations. The accompanying article tells all you out-of-towners about what to look for in the "new Buffalo." Come see us. The Medical Alumni Association will also host the reception for the Senior Medical Class on Sunday, April 8 at the Albright Knox Art Gallery. Mark your calendars now and plan to attend these special events. -Eugene Michael Sullivan, M.D., President Medical Alumni Association (Directlv above} The breakwall at the Erie Basin Marina, a new recreauonal area In the heart of downtown. 2 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (lett topJ Looking north down Main Street from the Marine Midland Jbwer. Note rapid transit tracks In the middle of the street. PHOTOS: FRANCIS SPECKER, EO NOWAK and THOMAS BUCHANAN �I ~--~·-- +- -----=- - The New Bullalo An amazing renaissance has begun - the Queen City is back on the track T wenty years ago, urban planners and designers were abandoning any hope for the Buffalo metropolitan area and with good reason. Population was declining quickly, the crime rate was skyrocketing, and business investment, with the economic prosperity which accompanies it, was in full exodus. Experts used charts and statistics to predict the theoretical demise of the Queen City, but the formulas lacked one important intangible - the resiliency of the city and its residents. Just as the civic coroners were pronouncing the city's imminent death, Buffalo began an amazing resurrection. Downtown construction blossomed, suburbanites began moving back between the city limits, and a new spirit, encapsulated in the Chamber of Commerce's catchy campaign anthem, "Talking Proud," swept the populace. The immediate origins of Buffalo's renaissance can be traced to the opening of the Convention Center Plaza, directly behind the old Statler Hilton. The Center is a modern, multi-purpose facility which can (and does) host anything from a medical convention or auto show to a computer fair or the "world's largest disco:' Responding to the Convention Center's success, the area hotel industry boomed as tourist agents recognized the potential of the city and its environs as a vacation resort. Cool summers can't be found in Florida, after all. The State-wide "I Love NY" promotion featured Buffalo as "a great city hiding in plain sight;' a reference not only to the James Caan motion picture filmed in the city five years ago, but also to the area's rich cultural and scenic heritage little known or forgotten outside its boundaries. (Right topJ The awanl-wlnnlng llbertv Bank building downtown. By John K. Lapiana BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 3 �C apitalizing on Buffalo's new "tourist attraction" status was Chinese hotelier Clement Chen, builder and owner of the luxurious Hilton by the Waterfront. The newest jewel in the Hilton's world-wide crown, Chen's hotel boasts complete indoor recreational facilities, a first-class restaurant Qustine's), a cluster of small boutiques and businesses, and an impressive atrium. Following Chen's path were the Marriott and Hyatt hotel chains. Adjacent to UB's Amherst Campus is a ten-story Marriott Inn, home to Panache, which is, according to company statistics, the busiest bar and nightclub in any Marriott hotel. Nearing completion is Buffalo businessman Paul Snyder's Hyatt Regency on the corner of Main and Genesee Streets downtown. When completed, the Hyatt will be one of the world's architecturally unique hotels, combining the Edwardian features of the old Genesee Building with an 11-story new wing and an ultra-modern glass atrium extending over Main Street. Snyder's development is the last major phase of the city's new downtown Fountain Square, composed, too, of a new Liberty Bank building and the massive expansion of the ,...,... .,. ' I ... r. ,.,,... ,..... . ---- .. - .. au - .._ .... ,. = -..-.....-.: ~e.&&&&& --- -~-w : w a.,.. ,. ,..r,-~ - - .. . -== r="!' - - r""'! I I &U:: ~~ · ,.~. && r-tl'lr! ,.... .. Ill~ ~ ~~ landmark Goldome (formerly Buffalo Savings Bank) headquarters. The city's renewed interest in dramatic arts is reflected by the growth of the "Theatre District;' which extends on Main Street from Chippewa to Tupper. Buoyed by the Studio Arena Theatre, home of numerous first-run plays and pre-Broadway try-outs, the District is also home to the University's Center for Theatre Research and the opulent Shea's Buffalo. However, the major development and, many say, the key to a lasting recovery of the city, is the almost-completed Light Rail Rapid Transit (LRRT) system, which will carry commuters from UB's Main Street Campus to the heart of downtown in less than six minutes. Currently, stretches of the above- and below-ground system are being tested, and transit officials plan to welcome the first Buffalonians "on board" later this year. Despite some construction delays and an always tentative federal commitment, LRRT extensions are being planned to the Tonawandas and UB's Amherst Campus. At the system's current north end, the UB Main Street Campus is quickly evolving into one of the nation's largest Health Sciences educational centers. Over $4 7 million of rehabilitation and construction work has transformed the stately campus into a maze of bulldozers, cranes, and detours, but inconveniences set aside, officials believe the revitalized Main Street facility will signal the beginning of a new era in Buffalo health education. Highlighting the Main Street conversion is a $30 million addition to the Cary-Farber-Sherman Medical School complex coupled with rehabilitation of those already standing buildings. When finished, the giant complex will house only the School of Medicine, with present co-resident, the School of Dentistry, moving into new quarters in refurbished Squire and Foster Halls. Also nearing completion is the Health Sciences Library, an $8 million addition to Abbott Hall (the old Lockwood). The Library is presently quartered in Kimball Tower, a building it shares with the School of Nursing. T -........ .., - Wires and track bed tor rapid transn cars near the Martne Midland lbwer which straddles Main Street. 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN he Main Street Campus is not Buffalo's only medical area growing and expanding. Within the past decade, Millard Fillmore Hospital established a suburban branch in Amherst and an all new Erie County Medical Center (ECMC) has been constructed adjacent to the old Meyer Memorial Hospital. There have also been rehabilitation projects and additions to Children's Hospital, Buffalo General, the VA Hospital (an addition which provided the UB Medical School with additional teaching space), and Millard Fillmore Hospital at Gates Circle. The $250,000,000 Buffalo General expansion is possibly the largest current hospital reconstruction project in the country. According to a recent survey, Buffalo is home to 16 hospitals, providing 773 beds per 100,00 residents and workplaces and laboratories for the city's thousands of physicians and surgeons. Finally, Buffalo's historic affin ity with water has not been overlooked. Condominium construction is blossoming on the Waterfront and the Erie Basin Marina has become the city's favorite recreational spot. Here, picnickers and boating enthusiasts congregate by day and "the jet set" landing there at dusk visits either Crawdaddy's or the Hilton's Le Club, two of Buffalo's most popular restaurants and nightclubs. Recent city-sponsored plans call for a Waterfront Village on the shores of Lake Erie consisting of a multimillion-dollar office and shopping complex. Buffalo is, Mayor James Griffin is saying on more and more occasions, "back on track" for the future. • �-----(ClockWise trom top rlghtJ New offlce bulldlnfiS tor high-tech firms line a downtown expressway. An addnton to the original LDckwood Library II the Main Stfflfll Cltnpus will hBIP expand and modBmiZB thll flcltnyas n becomBS the new Hunh SCIIHICBS Library. One Df the cars thll will run In the rapid transn SJSIBIII. An BSCBiator tunnel In lhB rapid transn stilton under CDnstructlon atlhB Main Stfflfll Cltnpus. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 5 �(Ciockw/SB from top) Sti'BBI SCBIIB In lhB nBW ThBatfB District. 6 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Ths munl·m/11/on dollar 6o/doms addnlon downtown tfrlnnBffy Buffalo Sar/ngs Bank). Ths atrium lobby at ths watsrtmnt Ninon. The htlldtiUartBtS of lhB Niagara Frtmtlsr rransn Allthortty wnh M&T Bank In /Bit backgmund. �the research laboratory and finally published our findings. Over the years, we met often for discussion of medical problems of common interest to us. Later I had a somewhat similar relationship with Dr. Felix Milgram who succeeded Ernest Witebsky. Philosophically I was very close to Hermann Rahn, the professor of physiology. We served together on the Executive Committee at the Medical School. We had lots of discussions about academic life and the medical school. It seemed we had a rather common point of view regarding the direction in which the medical school should go. Dr. Rubin (rlghtJ at recent recognition day symposium. Dr. Rubin Former head of Pediatrics continues his reminiscences By Ronald Elmer Batt Class of '58 EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the second part of a two-part article. The first appeared In the December Issue of the Buffalo Physician. MEDICAL EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO. Question: May I ask you what your thoughts were on the direction of the medical school? Dr. Rubin: Well, you know when I first came there, the medical school was a very small structure on High Street. I am sure basic sciences were well taught. The clinical divisions were spread out around the various hospitals. I think the first full time academic person might have been David Miller at the Meyer, then john Stewart. We often had discussions about things before going to the medical school committee meetings. Over the years, I could see the medical school become a real academic environment for the clinical departments with great growth in the basic science departments. I also had a pleasant relationship with Professor of Anatomy O.P. Jones. Though we didn't do any work together, I could sit down and talk straight with him. I think there was a great spirit of academic interest at the medical school. I thought the medical school in those days was absolutely a first-rate school. The students could get a good indoctrination into fundamental medicine. Question: Who were the other people at the University with whom you associated? Dr. Rubin: I worked with Ernest Witebsky. We spent many hours together in Question: May I ask what was your viewpoint as to the direction of the medical school and what was the opposing viewpoint? Dr. Rubin: You know, sometimes there is no opposing viewpoint. Sometimes it is an unexpressed viewpoint. I kept pushing for more research, to bring on people who were research minded, as well as clinicians. They all had their training as pediatricians and became investigators on top of that. That was my training too. My original training was clinical pediatrics, then I added research. I just don't believe, and I didn't believe then, that we could develop a first-rate teaching program unless research was going on. Now, research in my mind was not just a matter of whether you proved something, but the fact that you asked questions, the fact that you asked yo urself some questions, the fact that you asked questions of the clinical material that you saw, the fact that you were looking for answers. And, I think, unless the faculty does that, the students don't get to do that. You know I believe in what is called the "Mentor Image." Going back to Dr. Park at H opkins, a distinguished teacher, he was a tall man and he used to carry his head a little bit on the side. There were residents who began walking that way! This was an image they wanted to copy. I think the teacher must set a good im age to be copied; it is like imprinting - imprinting the child, imprinting the animal. Unless you set up an environment with certain expectations, this doesn't come about. We had a lot of awfully good people in the Pediatric Department.B Many of them became chairmen of departments at other medical schools. We did have a commitment to learn. If the teacher doesn't have this mentor im age, I think it doesn't get down to the student. When I use the term "student or resident;' I also include the young doctors at the hospital. You know, most of the pediatricians in the community brought their patients to the Children's Hospital. We also asked them all kinds of questions. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 7 �We asked questions about their patients. We were allowed to make rounds on everybody's patients. But so were the practicing pediatricians also making rounds on everybody's patients when they were on service. doesn't carry the message of the fact that a patient has an immunologic disease to the basic science laboratory. I don't think any administrator can do that. I think you have to have body to body contact. Question: That 's one good way to see how other people are doing things. Dr. Rubin: Yes. We helped one another. Question: Were you involved in any attempts to build a university hospital at Buffalo? Dr. Rubin : I was involved in only one. They brought in ideas and we had some ideas. We shared them. We discussed them together. The residents also had the right and were encouraged to ask questions about all patients. We had good "give and take" with regard to patient study and care between all members of the staff. Of course, we were committed to teaching. You cannot teach unless you are committed to this kind of openness in patient study and care. I wasn't worried so much about the image of me. I was concerned with the patient and almost as concerned about how the residents and students would take this kind of hospital practice. We spent, I am sure, two years talking about the development of a new university hospital on the campus. I talked quite considerably to the Children's Hospital Board of Managers not to build further extensions to the Hospital but to build a Children's Hospital next to the proposed university hospital on the Main Street campus. They said we could not get ground on the campus, I always wanted the Children's Hospital close by the University. My relationships in my training at Hopkins and Washington University in St. Louis, and the Philadelphia Children's Hospital, showed me strongly the advantage of having pediatrics and the other clinical departments no more than white coat distance from the basic science departments. The feedback from clinical to basic science and from basic science back to clinical, to me was the best way for teaching, for developing research ideas in academic clinical medicine, and for a higher standard of patient care. I thought, with a university hospital bridged to the library and bridged to the basic science buildings, one could walk inside and see the immunologist and walk over and see the pharmacologist, and the physiologist, and other disciplines at a university which makes a world of difference in academic pursuit! I think of a medical school as part of a university system. It is a teaching institution. Patients are part of our teaching material. Unless you can have a close relationship with the people doing basic science, clinical departments suffer. I would encourage any medical school to have its clinical departments right next door. We had hoped we would have that in Buffalo; unfortunately we did not. I pushed and pushed and pushed for the Children's Hospital not to build more downtown but to build on the campus. I did not want the Children's Hospital to be part of a general hospital. I believed its function would be best served as a free standing institution. Of course, when nothing happened on the campus, that idea fell apart. For almost two years, designing floors, designing where the beds would be, what would be here and there, was one of the great exercises in futility. There was a great movement. In fact, there was some question that the Meyer Question: Dr. Stockton Kimball, the Dean? Dr. Rubin: Oh, he was a great man. Stockton kept his desk in his pocket. You asked Stockton a question, he would open up his coat pocket and pull a paper out and give you an answer right then. He was a great dean in many ways. Question: What made him so? Dr. Rubin: Well, because Stockton ''Feedback from basic science to clinical and back was to me, the best way for teaching.'' Photos from an earlier era of pediatric care at Children's Hospital. 8 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN understood, I think, what had to be done, and he let you do it. He didn't interfere with what you thought had to be done. He didn't want you to take away anything from somebody else. If you showed him that you could do something, he was right behind you supporting you. He was for the development of the Medical School. The amazing thing was that, as I say, he kept his desk in his pocket. He always had his information with him. I think he understobd personality structure and almost everything else. He was a very important person for his time as Dean. His untimely death was tragic. Question: I remember talking with Dr. Randall. We had to search for a Dean with extraordinary capabilities because we do not have a university hospital. Dr. Rubin: Well, what it does is this: you have the Dean of the medical school sitting at the school related to the basic science faculty, then he comes over once a month to the hospital's board meeting and tries to relate to that. Well, the Dean might relate but that isn't where the close relations have to be. The relations have to be between the clinicians and the basic scientists. The administrator �Hospital might also go out to the campus. The General Hospital decided they would not go out, and I think that may have been a factor which held the Children's Hospital from wanting to go out . These two hospitals had an interlocking Board. The men were on the Board of the General and, to a large extent, their wives were on the Board of the Children's. I think we kept almost a family relationship in that sense. And, of course, many of the Buffalo General surgeons were surgeons at the Children's and so were the obstetricians. So there was a lot of interlocking both in faculty and in Board administration . But I think, had the University persisted in building a hospital , there was a chance that the Children's may have moved. I don't know positively that they would have. I made every effort to encourage them. Then the idea of a hospital at the Medical School fell apart and it was decided to build the new Erie County Medical Center at its present location. With further facility needs, the Children's expanded at its present location . Question: In terms of teaching and research, was there a substantial difference between the private University of Buffalo and the public State University of New York at Buffalo? Dr. Rubin: Do you know that stuff called money? That made a great difference. In the first place, the medical school was able to expand from small departments to "several member" departments, with broad interests in all aspects of their basic fields. Additional funds from the Medical School allowed us to come from a two man department to full-sized faculty, covering most aspects of pediatrics over a period of several years. Well, it made quite a difference when the budget for the department ran into a couple of hundred thousands of dollars every year for basic salaries. This expansion helped attract research money that could never have been attracted with a two man full-time faculty. For instance, one year we had a two million dollar grant for research. This was made possible because we had basic university salaries for faculty, which we didn't have before. Of course, the faculty comprised several able pediatricians who were in private practice. Question: Did most of the research grant money come in after New York State took over the University of Buffalo? Dr. Rubin: Yes, because then we were able to attract full-time faculty. We had to have additional full-time faculty before we could possibly do major research. Some research was being done at the hospital before on a limited scale. I came to the department with a commitment to do research and to develop full scale activity, both clinical and laboratory. The expansion of the University had made them possible entirely by the State support. It wasn't until the State of New York decided to take over at Buffalo that our school really expanded to the impressive image it has today. That doesn't mean that it wasn't a good medical school earlier - I'm not saying that at all. There were very able chairmen of the various departments but it was a small school and the clinical departments and research programs were underfunded and limited at the Children's. With faculty composed primarily of busy practitioners, and with limited available funds, research was limited . But the support of the Statler Foundation made research at the Children's Hospital possible even before we became a State School. Question: In the private University of Buffalo, what was the role of the Chancellor with regard to the medical school and the Dean with regard to the medical school? In other words, did the Dean have a free hand or was the Chancellor personally involved? Dr. Rubin: I think it was largely the Dean. When I came there, the Chancellor was Dr. Capen. Dr. Capen interviewed me; I was not interviewed by Dean Koch. falo;' and I think a lot of citizens in town who had supported the School had a similar fear. Well the community didn't lose out, they obtained a whole lot more for their money than they would have ever obtained in any other way. The opposition to the state was, I think, lack of unde rstanding of what it meant. Dr. Furnas carried the effort almost singlehanded. I presume Mr. Knox also had something to do with the transition. He was then Chairman of the Board. But certainly, Dr. Furnas, from the standpoint of the people at the University itself, carried the major effort. I can remember going to the meeting when he said, now we are going to change from having an annual budget of 14 million dollars, or something like that, to 140 million, or something like that. I can remember the meeting when he told us what it meant to become a State University. Oh, I think that was a tremendous move, from a local university, in a sense, to one of the big state universities in this country! Question: It surely has changed. Dr. Rubin: Yes, and I think for the better in every sense. A lot of good things are going on that never would have been developed without that change. 9 • BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NOTES: 8. (1) Question: Was that unusual for the Chancellor of the University to interview you? Dr. Rubin: Yes, I think so. He came down to the Children's Hospital to interview me. But I think Dr. Capen was that kind of a man . I think that he saw this as a new step in the development of pediatrics. He really understood the problems of a medical school. Capen asked me some interesting questions and we laughed a lot about things he asked. He was a distinguished scholar of the old school, a gentleman with a real understanding of the academic purpose. I think he played a big part, as did Dr. Furnas, in developing the medical school. Dr. Furnas took us into the New York State system , I think, against a lot of opposition on the Board of the University. Question: Why was that, Dr. Rubin? Dr. Rubin: Well, "being taken over" you know. It was being "run" from Buffalo, now it was going to be "run" from Albany. Of course, the University had its own local Board, and as you know, the ·man who pays the bills has a lot to say. I think they feared we were losing . our University, the "University of Buf- Letter from Dr. Philip Calcagno dated 4 October 1977. The names of those associates of Dr. Rubin who (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (1 0 ) ( 11 ) (1 2 ) (13 ) ( 14 ) (1 5 ) 9. became professors and chairmen of departments. Dr. Donal Dunphy, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics, Iowa University School of Medicine. Dr. Charles U. Lowe, Director of Intramural Research NICHD. Dr. Lowe is presently functioning in the office of HEW associated with Dr. Julius Richmond . Dr. Lowe is also the editor of Pediatric Research and is internationally known. Dr. Fred Eagle, Dean, New York University. Dr. Joseph A. Bellanti, Professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Georgetown University. Director, lnterna· tional Center for Interdisciplinary Studies of lm· munology. Editor·in·chief of Pediatric Research . Dr. Charles Kennedy, Professor of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Chief of Pediatric Neurology. Dr. Robert Miller, Chief. Clinical Epidemiology Branch of N.I.H ., National Cancer Institute. Dr. Thomas Aceto, Professor of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota. Dr. David Gardner, Professor of Pediatrics, Duke University. Dr. Charles Hollerman, Professor of Pediatrics, Univer· sity of South Dakota. Dr. Philip Bunnell , Professor and Chairman , Department of Pediatrics, San Antonio School of Medicine. Dr. Robert Clayton, Professor of Pediatrics, San Antonio School of Medicine. Dr. Arno Hohn , Professor of Pediatrics, South Carolina School of Medicine. Dr. Donald Pinkel, Professor and Chairman, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin . Dr. Abner Levkoff, Professor of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina. Dr. Philip Calcagno, Professor and Chairman, Depart· ment of Pediatrics, Georgetown University. This oral history memoir was developed with Dr. Rubin in February 1977. Saul Benison wrote : "While it is true that the oral history memoir may supply new and even unique information that is not to be found in the written record , its chief value lies in the fact that it is in actuality a first interpretation of a mass of primary and secon- dary data by a participant in past events." Saul Benison, " Rene Dubois and the Capsular Polysaccharide of Pneumococcus: An Oral History Memoir". Bulletin History of Medicine 1976, 50: 459. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 �Simmons, leading spinal surgeon, is new UB professor Move makes Buffalo a major spinal treatment center A s the phone calls that regularly come in from such places as Saudi Arabia, West Germany, South Africa, Japan and Greece indicate, Buffalo has entered the world arena, at least for one field of medicine. Because of the arrival of Dr. Edward Simmons, international pioneer in spinal surgery, Buffalo will now be the treatment center for nearly all of the world's cases of a severe deformity in ankylosing spondylitis (see accompanying article). Dr. Simmons is a new UB professor of orthopaedic surgery and the new head of Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. During his distinguished career of 23 years with various Toronto hospitals and the University of Toronto, he was instrumental in bringing international recognition to Toronto in his field. The attention shifts to Buffalo and the University, now that he has moved here. Dr. Simmons is a prime example of the saying, "If you really want to get something done, ask a busy man." He has given over 400 scientific guest lectures and presentations on six continents and has conducted research on almost 90 projects. Meanwhile, he sees his office or hospital patients from 8 in the morning until 8 or 9 at night, six days a week and still finds time to have published over 75 articles and run his hospital department. If this weren't enough, he works just as ~ard at play: with his beloved yacht, he has won over 75 sailmg races. When first approached about coming to Buffalo, he dismissed the idea, wondering what Buffalo could offer him. "But then I thought there was no harm in looking at it. And I must say;' he continued, "having come and looked at it, I became very favorably impressed initially. The more I kept looking at it, the more and more impressed I became:' He views Buffalo as an opportunity to make a major contribution to a fine department of orthopaedic surgery, toward the goal of "making it one of the best orthopaedic centers in the nation. "I was most impressed by the fact that it has a very good medical school that is on the rise and has tremendous potential. The hospital has quite a tradition and history and is under superb management - they've done a terrific job," he remarked. Then he added, "I also like the direction that the dean is providing ... and the concrete proposals put forth by President Sample." The ambitious construction programs for both Buffalo General and the Medical School are of interest to him. He considers the construction changes as positive, as a real opportunity to increase the efficiency of inpatient care and the operating facilities. "However;' he emphasizes, "bricks and mortar don't make a fine institution; it's the people who work there who do." As far as his own personal role, he aims to further upgrade the University's and hospital's three spheres, patient care, research, and teaching. He plans to do all he can to develop the potential of his fellow orthopaedic physicians and reinforce them in pursuing their research interests. D r. Simmons described four of the research areas he would like to refine. 'Just introduced into this city is the ability to do spinal cord monitoring;' he notes. With the new computerized Pathfinder device, this technique reduces the chance of paralysis following spinal surgery by continually registering the electrical impulses from peripheral nerves through the spinal cord during surgery. If nerve impulses are interrupted, the surgeon can immediately recognize the problem and correct it before the changes become irreversible. His goal is to further perfect spinal cord monitoring to increase its accuracy and versatility. 10 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN By Bruce S. Kershner When an artificial joint is placed in a damaged hip, it is subject to loosening over time. After a while, it may require replacement due to loosening or wear. "One of the hazards of hip surgery is injury to the sciatic nerve - that's a pretty profound complication," he comments. As with the spinal cord monitoring, he plans to refine the ability of the Pathfinder II to register when changes in conduction of the sciatic nerve are occurring during surgery so that permanent damage to it can be avoided. He believes that one of the causes of failure in low back disc surgery may be congenital differences in the nerve patterns of humans. "In answer to the question 'Is everybody the same or different?; a recent study by Dr. Leon Kadish and myself showed a definite variation, an anomaly level of 14%;' Simmons adds. Dr. Simmons would also like to do a control study to identify the human level of variability in nerve paths and roots in the neck region. Once the typical anatomical variations are known, these variations can be considered in planning future surgery. This will hopefully result in greater success. Also planned is more research on rehabilitating joint injuries and diseases that limit or prevent patients from walking. These include injuries from multiple bone fractures, hip injuries, stroke, muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy. One device Dr. Simmons would like to further refine is a portable Suspensory Walking Device, an erect "jolly-jumper"-like apparatus with wheels and a suspension for the patient. While in Toronto, he was most recently professor of orthopaedic surgery at the University of Toronto and chief of the Orthopaedic Division of the Toronto East General and Orthopaedic Hospital. Dr. Simmons has also served as president of several organizations, including the Canadian Orthopaedic Association for the 7th Combined Meeting of Orthopaedic Surgery of the English Speaking World, the Scoliosis Research Society, the Cervical Spine Research Society, and the Canadian Orthopaedic Research Society. He has also received numerous honors, visiting professorships and lectureships. His philosophy about treating patients is consistent with the approach typically adopted by the best and most effective physicians. "If a patient comes in with a knee problem, I treat the whole person;' he explains. "Technical knowledge without caring is limited in what it can do. If the patient knows you have a genuine concern, it will assist the treatment." His popularity is evidence of this. When his staff was asked about patient attitudes toward Dr. Simmons, the immediate answer was "The first thing his patients say about him is 'Y'know, he really cares!' " T he idea of medicine as a career began early for Simmons, reinforced by the fact that his father had wanted to be a doctor. In medical school, he found that he really enjoyed surgery, so much so that he won the Chapelle Prize in Clinical Surgery at his graduation. As an intern, his interest in surgery lead him ultimately to develop orthopaedic surgery as his specialty. Medicine plays a large role with his family as well as his career. His wife was a nurse, his father-in-law and two brothers-in-law are doctors (one at Harvard), one of his sons is studying medicine, and another is a resident in orthopaedic surgery. To add variety, his daughter is a musician and his youngest son is in college studying law and foreign affairs. Dr. Simmons values his sailing not just for personal reasons but because it provides an excellent opportunity to be with his family, without any interference. He goes out on Lake Ontario every summer weekend he can. His interest in boating �Dr. EdwanJ Simmons, new UB professor ot orthopaedic surgery and new head ot Buttalo General Hospital's Department ot Orthopaedic Surgery, will bring Buttalo lntemauonal recogniUon In his field. surfaced with his early rowboating experiences on a small lake. When his family began to vacation at a Lake Ontario cottage, he went out with a dinghy and then a skiff with a sail. Yacht racing on Lakes Ontario and Huron is now a frequent pastime. In addition to sailing, he enjoys still and cine photography, and skiing. His move to Western New York was made even easier "because of its similar recreational opportunities to Toronto, especially its four seasons" and its snowy, hilly conditions conducive to skiing. With an opportunity now to help shape Buffalo's future in orthopaedic surgery, Dr. Simmons projected some of the challenges awaiting his field. Now that artificial joints have been developed, he feels that the next step is to perfect these joints so that erosion and loosening at the bone-joint interface can be reduced. A need also exists to "develop materials with the same viscoelasticity as bone," he added. Furthermore, orthopaedic surgeons should refine their ability to reconstruct and preserve natural joints as well as better artificial joints. Returning to his new impressions of Buffalo, he concludes, "Yes, Buffalo is a friendly city and I like the people. It's a fine opportunity to work here." • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 11 �(At lettJ Dr. Simmons (lettJ with patient In "halo device" after operation to raise post· tlon of head. (AborteJ Patient before operation. Neck breaking surgery Simmons pioneers techniques A By Bruce S. Kershner young German man travelled 4500 miles to Buffalo, only to have his neck broken. It was no accident, but a precisely planned surgical operation by the internationally known Dr. Edward Simmons, UB profes~or of orthopaedic surgery at Buffalo General Hospital. He is the world's expert on the correction and treatment of spinal deformity in ankylosing spondylitis, a chronic and usually progressive inflammatory disease involving the articulations of the spine and adjacent soft tissues. Dr. Simmons, who pioneered the procedure in Toronto, has performed nearly 90 per cent of neck osteotomies in the world since 1967. It involves literally breaking the patient's neck or spine to correct the deformity. Because of Dr. Simmons' expertise, Buffalo is now the major worldwide referral center for such surgery. The 40-year-old patient, Detlef Tschoepe, journeyed to Buffalo from his home in Aachen, West Germany, accompanied by his wife and his orthopaedic surgeon, Professor Jan Zilkens. The disease began in his mid-teens as pain in his heels, elbow and knee. Because he was an active athlete, "he blamed it on sports;' Dr. Simmons said. Although Tschoepe was told he had the disease as a teenager, the severe symptoms of spine curvature didn't begin until seven years ago. As his bones softened, his neck began to bend and then fused, interfering greatly with the operation of his family business. The disease primarily strikes men between 15- and 40-years-old. It begins as low back pain and stiffness, sometimes accompanied by sciatica-like pains and aches in hips, shoulders and buttocks. The symptoms usually start in the sacroiliac joints and progress up the spine. In the advanced cases, the vertebral joints become painful, gradually soften, and then fuse into solid bone. The result is a patient with a characteristic bent-over posture, rigid spine and waddling gait. One man that Dr. Simmons operated on had his spine so bent and rigid that he could only see backwards through his legs. Other patients have had their heads locked to their chests, making it difficult to eat or speak, and impossible to look at anything other than the ground. In all of his cases, the surgery corrects the deformity, allowing the patient to stand erect and look straight ahead. 12 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN T he surgery, which lasted two hours on October 23, was performed with Mr. Tschoepe fully conscious during all but a few minutes of the operation. This was so he could answer the team's questions about any sensations or pains that could indicate whether any nerves were being pinched or the spinal cord was being damaged. With Mr. Tschoepe sitting erect and his head suspended by a "halo" device, Dr. Simmons removed a precisely measured quantity of bone from the posterior portion of the spine in the neck region between the last cervical vertebra and the first thoracic vertebra. This area had been administered a local anesthesia. During the few minutes of general anesthesia, Dr. Simmons lifted the patient's head backward to break the neck at the front of the spine opposite the spot where the bone had been cut out. This enabled him to raise the head to the forward position. To keep the head erect, Dr. Simmons connected the "halo" device around it to a special body cast. Mr. Tschoepe will wear this for four months while the natural healing process fuses the spine again where it was surgically broken. As prescribed by Dr. Simmons, he will then wear a neck brace for two more months. His personal orthopaedic surgeon, Dr. Zilkens, who observed the surgery, will monitor his recuperation back in West Germany. Although the surgery enables patients to return to a relatively normal lifestyle, it does not permit the person to bend the neck or turn the head. This did not seem to concern Mr. Tschoepe, however, when he left the hospital four days later to see nearby Niagara Falls. "He was so delighted just to be able to sit in the car and look around;' Dr. Simmons told the Buffalo News. The day after that, he flew back to Germany. Hereditary factors play an important role in the disease, whose prevelance in men is 3 to 4 per 1000, 10 times more frequent than in women. The severe cases of ankylosing spondylitis that Dr. Simmons treats represent only a small percentage of the total number of cases. Most people end up with "milder" forms of the disease, such as back, chest or joint pains or peripheral arthritis. Ironically, once ankylosis, or fusion, of the joints results, the pain usually disappears. early all ankylosing spondylitis patients possess the antigen HLA-B27 that is , closely associated with the spinal disorder. The role of the antigen is not known, but it is believed to be only a marker distinguishing those individuals that have an immune response that makes them susceptible to an as yet undefined infectious agent that causes the disease. • �A gallery of ghosts Bakay recalls war-torn Hungary H By Ann Whitcher is recollections are bitterly revealing of the cruelty of war. They also offer a moving account of medicine as it was practiced amid tremendous human suffering and political upheaval. In his recently-published memoirs, Gallery of Ghosts (Weller Publishing Co. Ltd., Toronto), Dr. Louis Bakay, recently retired chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery and prominent surgeon and researcher, describes "ten lost years." These were years spent in Hungary as it tipped toward the Axis, endured the pains of war, and finally, struggled under Soviet domination. The son of one of Hungary's most prominent surgeons, who was also head of the surgery department at the U niversity of Budapest Medical School, Bakay faced grueling hardship during the early war years as an ensign in the Hungarian medical corps, having received his medical degree, summa cum laude, from the University of Budapest Medical School in 1942. He recalls the middle-of-the-night arrival of 400 wounded Hungarian soldiers, by train, from the eastern front. They were dirty, lice-ridden, wounded, frostbitten, and hungry. "I had to stop them from entering the hospital before being properly deloused in order to prevent contamination by spotted fever, a deadly form of typhus caused by a lousetransmitted virus. This disease was rampant on the Eastern Front and poorly controlled in that pre-antibiotic era .... Preventive vaccine was laboriously and very slowly manufactured in small amounts. I never knew who got it, and we, who were constantly exposed by treating infected soldiers, never received it. Sometimes we had whole barracks full of patients with typhus and my motto was to keep on moving fast because then the slow moving louse could not catch up with me. This was considered a great joke;' he writes with wry candor, a prevailing tone in the book. Bakay and his fellow physicians frequently had to amputate limbs, many of which had been rendered useless by frostbite. Often these limbs bore other wounds as well. The danger of infection, including the dreaded gas gangrene, was high. For those soldiers who already had the feared condition, Bakay had only rather ineffective antibiotics on hand, namely the primitive early sulfa drugs. "So it was amputation after amputation, gangrenous fingers, hands, legs. Below the ankle, above the ankle, below the knee, above the knee. One dozen, two dozen, without distinction of rank. This was real war, the great equalizer of social differences. The leg froze just as easily in officers' boots as in the hobnailed brogans of common soldiers." There are other trenchant memories of those tormented years. Bakay recalls a lieutenant who "cracked" and shot himself to death. Bakay found among the soldier's personal effects the manuscript for a novel, a Madame Bovary-esque tale set in the Hungarian lowlands. In mid-1944, Bakay served at the front in the Carpathian mountains, when the Sixth Hungarian Army Corps held up a Soviet army. The losses were appalling. Writes Bakay: "We scrubbed for surgery in ice cold water with coarse soap that contained more sand than soap and abraded even the toughest skin. Yet we had to scrub mercilessly for a full half hour because rubber gloves were long gone and we operated with bare hands, covered with thin cotton gloves used more for cosmetic reasons than to maintain sterility.... Medicine, except for morphine (thanks to our poppy fields) was in short supply and so was everything else, including bandages and adhesive tape. We dressed wounds with rolls of crepe paper." Bakay received a de facto discharge from the Hungarian army in the fall of 1944, when expected new orders never arrived. He was definitely not launched into a happy situation, however. Hungary remained in its precarious position as part of the Axis powers. Hungarians knew the Russian forces were near, and that Budapest faced attack by the Red Army. "I felt that, should I survive the street fighting, a survival which was far from certain for a young man, I would probably end up as a prisoner of war or civilian deportee somewhere in the wastes of Russia. Where I was running was not clear to me. My confusion in this regard was typical of many members of the Hungarian middle class." In these harrowing days, many Hungarian families were split apart, "some members leaving, some staying behind watching the flood of refugees, among them perhaps a husband, wife or child trekking westward in dilapidated cars or horse drawn carriages on crowded highways in the autumn . " ram. B akay found refuge in a monastery, the Benedictine abbey of Pannonhalma in western Hungary, Transdanubia, halfway between Budapest and Vienna. The monastery had been placed under the protection of the International Red Cross and needed a surgeon. The protection was given with the understanding that the monastery would establish a hospital for refugees within its walls. The hospital's presence might save the monastery from destruction, it was thought. Bakay recalls the colorful monks who lived at Pannonhalma, and· the only other non-monastic member of the group, Herr Braunschweiler, representative of the International Red Cross; an organization not recognized by the Soviets at the time. Braunschwei ler was a colleague of Raoul BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �The Abbey of Pannonhatma In western Hungary, where Dr. Louts Batcav served as the surgeon of the tntemattonat Red Cross Hospital, trom November, 1944, to August, 1945. 1/) 0 ~ ..J 0 bJ: Q. 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Wallenberg, whom Bakay had met briefly in Budapest. (Some believe Wallenberg, long missing, is still alive in Russian captivity. He has been the subject of several recent news reports.) The Benedictines included the easily-flattered "foxfaced" archabbot; Father Polykarp, a prominent medievalist who "grumbled about the onslaught of the modern world into their quiet domain but secretly enjoyed the presence of all these new people"; and Father Bertalan, who oversaw the abbey's surrounding lands "with appropriate earthiness." The latter "engineered fantastic deals to support the monastery and ended up with sides of beef or hogs, flocks of sheep, otherwise unavailable items of merchandise from quartermasters of whatever army in exchange for barrels of wine or spirit. All throughout he drank like a fish, drinking his opponents and business partners under the table, but stopping at midnight to be able to celebrate mass next morning with heavy head but empty stomach. Over and over again he had to appear at private audiences with the archabbot to do penance.... Yes, he was a bad monk, very bad indeed. But indispensable!' Bakay remembers, too, Father Hugo, a Ph.D. in mathematics and physics, in charge of the monastery's extensive physical facilities. One night, Father Hugo was asked to fetch a midwife to help Bakay deliver a refugee woman's baby. "It was the end of a dark and stormy night when the boy was born, the first in the monastery in many centuries of recorded history, but not the last." Then there was Father Tihamer, Bakay's "nemesis." Formerly a theologian and church historian of some renown, he had become "completely and hopelessly infatuated with modern psychology!' He preyed on Bakay as suitable research territory for his ersatz psychological probing. There must be some nefariousness in the surgical psyche, was the monk's apparent view. And so he would ask Bakay to choose from an array of what might be jokingly called "Freudian tarot cards;' especially when the tired Bakay emerged from the operating room. The cards featured an "assortment of criminals, idiots and sex maniacs of various degrees of depravity with a few normals interspersed, although frankly none of the 'normals' looked like somebody you would like to meet either;' Bakay remembers. " There would be Father Tihamer waiting for me, peering with an expectant smile through his gold-rimmed glasses. He was always anxious to make me repeat the test, fresh from the charnel house, so to speak. He was convinced that surgeons have a sadistic streak rising to a peak during an operation." More and more refugees came to the monastery, including Hungarian Jews, who were hidden only with great difficulty. Jewish children could be mixed in easily with non-Jewish youngsters, but it was necessary to keep the Jewish adults hidden at all times. Agents of the Hungarian Nazi government snooped around frequently, arriving without warning. "What the Jewish children did not know was that many of their parents were also hidden in the monastery, a heartbreaking decision we had to enforce for the sake of secrecy!' In the last days before the monastery closed its huge iron gates, a final wave of refugees arrived at the sanctuary built atop a hill. "For the first time in centuries, the whole nation felt the scourge of God, the reigning classes and the downtrodden ones, nationalists, fascists, cosmopolitans, liberals, right wing and left wing alike." As more refugees descended on the monastery, Bakay set up a hospital with equipment obtained from a municipal hospital 20 miles away. His surgical experience during this period was far-ranging, to say the least. There were two other physicians on hand, but both lacked surgical tra_ining and experience. A well-trained, older internist was dying of tuberculosis and diabetes. The other doctor, a "fledgling;' timid ophthalmologist, had only one year's training. Writes Bakay: "I had high hopes that he could at least help with enucleations of eyes that had to be done in people with ghastly facial injuries caused by mine and grenade explosions but I soon realized that I had to do it myself. He was quite useless even as an assistant at surgery. I finally assigned him to inoculations and other routine chores." Fortunately for Bakay, there were two experienced scrub nurses among the nuns who had taken refuge in the monastery. Also; high school girls, again from among the refugees, were hurriedly trained as nurses aides and as general help. Bakay also trained his sister, a Ph.D. in romance languages and art history, and living in Hungary today, as a surgical assistant. He also had a "find" in a young Polish woman with some training in anesthesia. Among the numerous problems Bakay faced was the lack of intravenous solutions, thus preventing blood transfusions. There was no lack of volunteers, but Bakay had only a few vials of serum, with which to type and cross match blood. "I lost many wounded to shock who possibly could have survived with transfusions. We wrapped them in blankets to keep them warm and watched them die. And my nuns prayed in the chapel, taking turns!' There was also the problem of sterilizing instruments and linen. No sterilizer was on hand and equipment stored as sterile soon ran out. Fortunately, the husband of the Polish anesthetist was the former third engineer of the Polish transatlantic liner "Batory!' "He fixed up one of the unused boilers to deliver enough heat and atmospheric pressure to be used as a surgical sterilizer. It broke down frequently and at the most inopportune moments, but our resourceful marine engineer was always at hand and resurrected it with the same aplomb as we assumed he fixed ship engines amidst a North Atlantic gale. Our sterilizer, a Rube Goldbergish pressure cooker had another drawback, it did not dry things sufficiently. Every time I slipped on my surgical cap, masks and gown I felt the ghostlike clammy embrace of moist linen ." Before the great influx of refugees at the monastery, Bakay performed mostly emergency surgery, treating perforated ulcers or cases of appendicitis. He recalls circumcising a young man. The prospects of such a procedure shocked Sister Pulcheria, the earthy and experienced surgical nurse. "When I tried to explain to her that the same operation was also performed on our Lord Jesus, she became more suspicious than ever. obody told her that. She was convinced that this was one of those Lutheran tricks. So I had to go ahead and do it alone!' Later, Bakay's spectrum of surgical experience grew wider still. "I also had to act as the surgeon of the local populace who had nowhere else to go. I fixed hernias, extracted teeth, removed a myomatous uterus and twisted ovarian cysts!' But Bakay also relates his errors of judgment, one of which haunts him still, a difficult case of acute appendicitis and peritonitis. After the Russian arrival, Bakay treated many of the women who had been raped by Russian soldiers, though he could not, given the Roman Catholic setting, perform abortions where needed. "I could have aborted them and would have willingly done it in some abandoned farmhouse but I could not do that to my monks who were so kind to me." Bakay also handled a simple x-ray machine. "It could be used only for fluoroscopic trans-illumination, no picture could be taken. I had no protective equipment, lead gloves or aprons and although I was vaguely aware of radiation damage, I manipulated broken arms and legs with unprotected hands under the screen. As a memento I now have no hair over the back of my right hand and the skin there is thinner than it should be." Some Russian soldiers were treated, too. Bakay recalls the lieutenant from the Caucasus with a fractured arm, who, suspicious of possibly hidden Germans, kept a loaded pistol under his pillow; ·and a 16-year-old baby-faced sentry who proudly showed Bakay pictures of his family. Ivan, a huge BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �I I --- -----------------------------~-------------------------- Cossack sergeant, was exceedingly grateful for Bakay's treatment, and asked if he could give the young surgeon a thankyou gift. "I could not accept any of his treasures, objects that had belonged to somebody else and had been obtained by force or even murder. Finally we reached an impasse, both of us embarrassed and uncomfortable. Suddenly his craggy face lit up in an enormous smile. He found the answer. 'Would you like to get somebody out of your way?' he said with a grin. 'An enemy of yours perhaps? Somebody you owe money to?' He was greatly disappointed when I turned down his offer~' Bakay remembers with special poignance Princess Stephanie, a speechless, partially paralyzed old woman who arrived at the monastery one day with her second husband, Prince Elemer Lonyay. Here was the former daughter-in-law of Emperor Franz Joseph, whose unstable first husband, the Crown Prince Rudolf, archduke and heir to the AustroHungarian throne, had taken his life and that of his 17 -yearold mistress in the 1889 tragedy at Mayerling. Before the tragedy, Stephanie had been the second lady, after the Empress, of a "glittering" monarchy which ruled 80 million people. Now she arrived with "what is called in neurological parlance thrombosis of the left middle cerebral artery with destruction (infarction) of the left hemisphere of the brain;' writes Bakay. The old princess died a few months later. Bakay, offered a sentimental remembrance of the princess, chose an ostrich fan. "It was granted but I never had a chance to collect it. By then I was on the run much of the time, changing addresses, sometimes in hiding, and an ostrich fan was the last thing I needed." B akay soon left the monastery, as his situation grew ever more precarious. His only protection was his Red Cross armband. Also, he did not speak Russian and he distrusted the translators who were known to distort messages for their own purposes. Father Polykarp, though he didn't know a word of Russian and was unfamiliar with the Cyrillic alphabet, was nevertheless adept at copying unfamiliar languages through his long years as a medievalist. His fluency in such languages as Hebrew, Arabic and Aramaic, also helped. The monk forged a document for Bakay using as a prototype a document written by a Russian and "then cloned with slight additions or deletions, as the situation demanded by the tireless Polykarp~' Returning to Budapest, the war now over, Bakay witnessed scenes of utter devastation: hordes of displaced peasants, and Jews on their way home from a German concentration camp. "It looked as if they (the Jews) were dying - and I believe that they were - but they were sent home just the same. They were lying side by side on a layer of straw, stretched out and motionless, with parched, jaundiced skin and swollen joints, their large, luminous eyes staring at the sky. They did not have the strength to chase away the flies swarming over their faces~' Budapest was in ruins. Bakay found his old apartment halfdestroyed and looted. But some of his books had survived, "drenched by rain and peppered with shell splinters and bullets." One survivor was Bergman's treatise on head injuries, an old text written after the Franco-Prussian war. It had been hit by "a fragment that pierced through most of the book, only to rest on a page right over the illustration of a depressed skull fracture caused by a similar shell fragment." · No heat was available in Budapest, and many retreated to their cellars. Windows were boarded up and glass was also unavailable. Greasepaper, gradually on hand, did allow some subdued, diffuse light in Budapest homes. The resourceful Bakay managed to restore one small room in his apartment by carefully dissolving the coating of old x-ray films, and inserting them between wooden partitions. The resulting "mosaic" window was "transparent enough to see the hazy outlines of the outside world, tinted blue. Some of the films 16 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN I left intact. It offered an interesting piece of art deco, a skull here, a pelvis there. Girls who came up to my apartment were treated, not to the sight of my etchings, but to the world through an interesting window~' Other experiences, some bitter, some lovely, were to follow in chaotic Budapest. Bakay had a love affair with a woman involved in underground activities, was "shunned" in his hospital work for his associations with those not in official favor; and finally was forced to eke out a living by performing "ghost surgery;' and serving as a doctor in a seedy, flamboyant nightclub filled with prostitutes. The club, however, at least gave him a place to hide. Official terror was still "haphazard and disorganized .... It was sometimes enough simply not to be at home or at one's place of work to ward off evil. ... I certainly felt terrorized; hence my hide-outs in the girls' apartments. This was not a Suzy Wong type of situation about the prostitute with the golden heart. It was really quite pathetic, with me sitting all day long on a moth-eaten sofa, smoking endlessly, while the girl with the heart of gold slept (and even snored) on her bed, to be ready for another good night's work." In 194 7, Bakay escaped to Sweden, by presenting an outdated, invalid earlier offer for a Hungarian state scholarship in Sweden, and so received a Swedish visa on that basis. "Then came the last evening and farewell to my family. My mother sewed a diamond taken from one of her jewels into my underwear for me to sell when I needed money. I was penniless many times during the next years but I never sold the diamond. The closest I came to it was on a dark winter day in Stockholm, my pocket as empty as my stomach, my morale at an all time low but I still could not part with that diamond. It became more of a good luck charm than a financial asset. Today it is my wife's engagement ring." In Stockholm, Bakay worked at a well-known neurosurgical clinic run by Professor Olivecrona. The clinic, says Bakay, was "a Mecca for neurosurgeons from the four corners of the earth." Gradually, he approached a "normal life;' and began doing research at the Wenner-Gren Institute for Metabolic Research in addition to doing clinical neurosurgery. Bakay's Stockholm research in the use of isotopes in neurological study led to his coming to the United States, where similar work was underway at Massachusetts General Hospital. Bakay completed his neurosurgical training in this country, and soon joined the faculty of the Harvard Medical School and the staff of the Massachusetts General Hospital where he served until 1961. He was chairman of the UB Neurosurgery Department until 1983, and remains as a full professor in the medical school. Bakay is the author of The Blood-Brain Barrier (with Special Regard to the Use of Radioactive Isotopes); Cerebral Edema; Brain Tumor Scanning with Radioisotopes; The Treatment of Head Iry"uries in the Thirty ~ars' Mklr (1618-16'18), and Feluton (Halfway) Essays in Hungarian, and Head Injury. A t the close of his book, Bakay, now 66, recalls a "solitary, sentimental" return to Budapest a few years ago. "I listened to the laughter of lovers in parks where I used to take my sweethearts. I heard the staccato sounds on the cobblestones of Castle Hill of the high heels of a girl on her way to meet her man. These are the only sounds I care to remember. As far as former friends are concerned, I try to remember them as they were in the past, not as they are now." His final note is somber but lyrical: ''All emigres cherish a past, a secret never to be revealed. But it is always there hidden like an ikon in the dark corner of the room, flickering candlelight casting uncertain shadows on a veiled picture, reflections of the past. "I have broken the rules by revealing even a small part of it." Gallery of Ghosts is available at Elmwood Books on Elmwood • Avenue in Buffalo. -- - �Research Diagnosis Computer being used D By Milt Carlin iagnosis: Your sacral cord shows signs of being diseased. Who says so? Actually, such a diagnosis could come from a computer program being developed at UB under the guidance of Sargur . Srihari, Ph.D., an associate professor in the Department of Computer Science, in association with Dr. Jerry G. Chutkow, professor of neurology at the UB Medical School and former chairman of the University's Department of eurology. Srihari related in an interview that the project - in a preliminary stage of development - applies "artificial intelligence" in diagnosing possible malfunctions within the human nervous system. The project was suggested by Chutkow, who views it as a possible stepping-stone for development of diagnostic assistance programs in virtually all fields of medicine. Srihari noted that "neurological diagnosis is well-suited to computer technology." The computer program being evolved is based on what Srihari calls "an intricate functional-anatomical model." Working together and with others, computer expert Srihari and neurologist Chutkow have absorbed much information about each other's field of expertise. Srihari admits he knew virtually nothing about neurology as a medical science before he started developing what is now called an "Expert System for Computer-Aided Diagnosis." Chutkow, on the other hand, was unfamiliar with computer science except for "dabbling'' with a home computer. Currently, the two scientists are deeply involved in "educating" a computer to apply the logic of neurological science in diagnosing a nervous disorder. In one sense, it's a never-ending process as new research evidence in the field of neurology becomes available to add to the computer's store of "knowledge." Srihari is quick to point out that Stuart C. Shapiro, Ph.D., also a UB computer science faculty member and a recognized expert in the field of "artificial intelligence;' deserves much credit for his assistance in developing the project. In its present stage of development, the computer program is capable of "diagnostic conclusions to a limited degree;' Srihari pointed out. While other computer-aided neurological diagnostic systems are in various Computer scientist Sargur N. Sriharl, foreground, operates the kevboard that activates an "artificial In· telligence" computer program being developed at the Stlte Unlwrs/tv at Buffalo tor diagnosis of neurological problems. At his side, pointing to a tell-tale diagram of a cross-section of the spinal cord, as It appears on a video screen, Is Dr. Jerrv G. Chutkow, a tacultv member In the UB Department of Neurotogv. In the background are tour UB computer science students who are assisting IndeveiOIJifJflnt of the IJIO(Jram under the leadership of Srlharl, Chutkow and UB computer scientist Stuart C. Shapiro, not shown. The students, from lett, are Anmel CAmvJ c. Hsu from Taiwan, Douglas R. !Mlber of Buffalo, Marlc A. !Iogie of Lockport and Zhlgang Xlang from Beiilng. weber Is an undergraduate student In his senior vear and the other three are graduate students. stages of development elsewhere, Srihari believes the LISP (List Processing) technique being applied in the UB project is innovative. The technique, he explained, involves use of LISP computer language to guide the computer in its "reasoning" as it associates a patient's given neurological symptoms with a set of stored rules. "The computer;' Chutkow explained, "will apply the same logic, common sense and knowledge applied by a neurologist to analyze clinical symptoms, physical findings and laboratory data!' Operationally, the computer following a diagnostic session - will flash its "verdict" on a video screen and, on request, will display an anatomical diagram or picture in support of its diagnostic conclusions. Chutkow believes that a highly qualified neurological technician will be able to conduct the diagnostic chores now performed by a neurologist when the system is fully operational. "Hopefully;' he added, "computer linguistics will advance rapidly enough so that, in the future, the technician will be able to communicate verbally with the computer, using an established neurological vocabulary." H ere's how the system works, in its present. state of development: A patient undergoing examination is asked a standard set of questions as displayed, one by one, on a video screen. The answers given by the patient are recorded by use of a computer terminal keyboard. Questions relate to such factors as the patient's age; the patient's age at the onset of certain symptoms; the possibility of a lesion, bullet wound or disease; the type of symptom, or symptoms, and the duration of the complaint-related symptom or symptoms - hyperacute BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 17 �(seconds to minutes), acute (10 minutes to a few hours), all the way to congenital (present since birth). Also recorded are the results of physical examinations relating to mental functions, vision, eye movements, other cranial nerve functions, general motor function, sensory responses and numerous reflexes - to obtain objective evidence of disease. When all is said and done, the computer will "think" about the information at its disposal and ask questions if certain information is lacking or unclear, Srihari related. Based on its own logic, acquired through "artificial intelligence," the computer will: pinpoint a neurological problem, ask for further medical tests to confirm existence of a specific problem, "decide" that no neurological problem exists, or confess that it doesn't know. The computer's diagnosis is keyed to a scoring system, which presently is being upgraded to include "weighted factors!' The original scoring system ranged from plus 10 (no neurological problem) to minus 10 (a specific problem). A score of zero - halfway between plus 10 and minus 10 - in the original scoring method indicated "answer unknown." If a neurological disorder is diagnosed, the computer obligingly will display its location in a diagram of the peripheral neuromuscular system or in a cross-section diagram of the spinal cord or brain. For display purposes, the number of cross-section diagrams of the central nervous system is being expanded from 20 to 70 segments to more accurately locate a neurological problem. A diagrammed segment displayed on the video screen would be in black-andwhite, with nerve tracts outlined in green, blue or red, depending on the type of information they represent. When the diagnostic procedure is completed, the computer program eventually will list alternative forms of treatment. Additionally, the computer, if asked, will detail how it made its diagnosis; will keep a permanent record of individual cases for future reference; will "learn" by adding pertinent data to its existing store of knowledge, and will be able to cite references in neurological literature. As case histories are added to the computer's memory, Chutkow explained, the computer's "depth of analysis" will expand. "It could become an expert teaching and training system" for both practicing neurologists and medical students specializing in neurology, he added. Looking farther down the road, 18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Chutkow ponders the day when such computer programs, utilizing "artificial intelligence," might "give us some insight into how people think. "The brain, the spinal cord, the peripheral nervous system;' he asks rhetorically, "what specific roles do they play in the human thinking process?" he is confident that the Meanwhile, computer program being developed at UB eventually "will deal effectively with the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system" in carrying out its diagnostic duties. He emphasized that the program has been in the making only a matter of months and that it will take several years to reach the state of refinement anticipated. From a practical point of view, aside from educational benefits for medical students, neurologist Chutkow sees the "Expert System for Computer-Aided Diagnosis" serving two basic purposes in the hospital or doctor's office: 1. It would drastically trim the time needed to analyze a neurological problem, thereby freeing the doctor from much routine procedure. This would enable the neurologist to accommodate more patients, or perhaps spend more time in research. As envisioned by Chutkow, a neurologist skilled enough to develop a neurological data base could transmit it directly to a central computer center for analysis. Alternatively, he also suggested that highly skilled technicians trained by expert neurologists could be dispatched on a regular basis to small communities to develop a data base on patients and then transmit the result to the computer center. In either case, the computer analysis would be reviewed by a neurologist for internal consistency. "In this manner;' Chutkow noted, "if a truly expert program - one that can equal the accuracy of a neurologist is developed, then neurologists could handle many more patients than they do now." 2. It would provide confirmation of the neurologist's own diagnostic opinion, or perhaps dispute that opinion. As Chutkow put it, "We usually know, or think we know, what's wrong with a patient - but we need proof." Meanwhile, Srihari continues to improve on the project's sophistication. He currently is in the process of improving the graphic aspects. Immediate plans call for substituting actual textbook photographs for the diagrams that now represent the segmented views of the central nervous system. To further improve the "anatomical data base;' Srihari also is planning to utilize an already existing computer program that provides three-dimensional (3-D) video display capability. One such program, developed by a group of scientists at UB, produces 3-D displays by integrating on video tape a series of x-ray images from the relatively new breed of CAT (computer-assisted tomography) scanners. Such 3-D displays of a human organ or tissue can be rotated to show all sides and can be segmented in numerous ways to obtain a desired internal visual effect. Computer scientists have been demonstrating "artificial intelligence" know-how in recent years, but in limited areas. Aside from research projects whereby computers have been programmed to "outthink" worthy human opponents while playing chess, poker and other games, "artificial intelligence" programs have been developed for such chores as locating mineral deposits and identifying bacterial infections. Now, "artificial intelligence" is making its debut in the field of neurological diagnosis. • AIDS precursor? Han studies PALS W By Bruce S. Kershner hat may be a precursor to, or early form of, AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has been discovered by Dr. Tin Han, UB research professor and Roswell Park Memorial Institute physician. PALS is the acronym for the medical condition, prison-acquired lymphadenopathy syndrome, detected among prisoners in state-wide New York correctional facilities. "These prisoners," according to Dr. Han, "represent the first well-documented cases of PALS in the United States." PALS is a mild syndrome marked by one of the characteristic symptoms of AIDS - the presence of enlarged lymph nodes. The other characteristic symptoms of AIDS are unexplained combinations of prolonger fever, weight loss, and night sweats. These, as well as AIDS-associated opportunistic infections such as pneumocystis carinii, pneumonia or atypical tuberculosis and malignancies such as Karposi's Sarcoma, have not been observed in the PALS patients. After studying the patients, Dr. Han learned that "most had histories of intravenous drug abuse." This was one of �Research Dr. Enzo Paoletti (lett) and Dr. Dennis Panlcali In the laboratory. 1 the things that made him suspect the connections to AIDS. Although Dr. Han's acronym refers to the prison inmate status of all his patients, he emphasizes that "the fact that they are all prisoners is incidental:' Heavy intravenous drug use is one of the relevant indicators of the syndrome. It is just that many prison inmates have histories of drug abuse. Dr. Han discovered abnormal laboratorv tests characteristic of PALS. An~lyses revealed abnormalities in certain types of white blood cells (the lymphocytes), which are produced by lymph nodes and normally attack foreign substances entering the body. Dr. Han's patients had reduced activity of natural killer cells, the lymphocytes that destroy all invading cells or organisms by puncturing their membranes. In addition, the proportion of helper cells in relation to suppressor cells was lower than normal. Natural killer cells and T-cells are very important in fighting infection and malignancy. All of these white blood cell abnormalities are also present in 99 per cent of AIDS patients. Despite certain similarities to AIDS, Dr. Han's patients have not exhibited any of the severe diagnostic signs and - symptoms of the syndrome and its associated spectrum of illnesses. "What is so intriguing;' Dr. Han points out, "is that the inmates, by all medical standards, are generally in good health." The patients were originally referred to Dr. Han from State-wide correctional facilities because their lymph node enlargement was suggestive of malignant lymphoma, or cancer of the lymph nodes. When biopsies were performed, they ruled out malignancies but revealed the white blood cells' immunological abnormalities. Because the inmates' general well-being has not, to date, been affected by these abnormalities, "there is really no treatment we can administer;' Dr. Han explains. "All we can do is closely monitor each prisoner's condition." A !though the possible relationship between PALS and AIDS is a new discovery, PALS has been found to be identical to the condition noted among some non-prisoners called generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome (GLS). The reversal of helper-suppressor T-cell lymphocytes observed in PALS has been previously associated with G LS; however, the abnormalities of natural killer cells in PALS is a new and significant discovery. Besides its virulency and lethal nature, the lack of knowledge about the causes (or treatment) of AIDS adds to the alarm. One theory centers around the possibility that, at least for homosexuals, semen exchange between male partners could produce an immunesuppressive state. Another possible theory is that a virus that has been associated with human T-cell leukemia and lymphoma might suppress the immune response. This theory is lent some support by Dr. Han's research. He found antigens of human T-cell leukemia virus in lymph node cells of four of five of his PALS patients. In the meantime, the etiology of both PALS and AIDS remains enigmatic. If, indeed, PALS is a mild or early form of AIDS, these studies document that the immune abnormality of natural killer cells may be another factor predisposing patients to develop AIDS. The benefit of discovering an early-stage AIDS or a mild variant is two-fold. Dr. Han says "treatment aimed at immunological restoration can be administered that much sooner and, subsequently, have a potentially greater impact on this fatal disease:' Secondly, if early symptoms can be identified before the disease sets in, the patients can be isolated and monitored earlier. 0 Vaccine sought Paoletti battles herpes V By Bruce S. Kershner accines for herpes and hepatitis in animals have been developed through gene splicing by Enzo Paoletti, Ph.D., a 1971 alumnus of UB's Roswell Park Graduate ·Division and the Medical School's Microbiology Department. After the successful development was announced, Paoletti and his associate Dennis Panicali, Ph.D., were hailed as part of a new breed of genetics researchers who are unlocking the genetic secrets of cell biology. Dr. Paoletti developed his animal vaccines at the New York State Health Department's Center for Laboratories and Research in Albany. He is confident that comparable vaccines will be developed for humans as well, especially a successful vaccine against genital herpes. No vaccine currently exists for genital herpes infections, which affect nine million Americans. Although a human vaccine for hepatitis B virus already exists, it is far too expensive, at $100 per vaccination, to treat the serious international health problem that now affects an estimated 200 million people worldwide. Paoletti's animal vaccine opens the door for developing an inexpensive vaccine, BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �Research perhaps as little as 35 cents per vaccination. But scientists say that it would be at least three years before human tests could begin. The new development is important not just because of its potential to protect against herpes and hepatitis, but because it established a reliable generic technique that can be applied to almost any other desired genes. Hence, the method might also be used to develop vaccines to protect against malaria and many other worldwide diseases. It should also be pointed out that, although the vaccine was developed using the herpes simplex (type 1) virus (which causes "cold sores" and other upper body infections), it can provide protection against the genital herpes (type 2) as well. This is because there is some immune cross-reaction between the two herpes viruses. Dr. David Axelrod, State Commissioner of Health, said "much work needs to be done, but this appears to be a promising direction against infectious diseases." The deputy director of the Center for Laboratories and Research, Dr. Herbert Dickerson, described Dr. Paoletti as "a very dedicated virologist who works intensely hard and who is very creative." And, according to the NY Times, fellow scientists referred to Paoletti and his associate as "DNA jocks," who use the latest technology and scientific advances to design viruses to work for humans as vaccines, instead of against us as diseases. The vaccines were devised through the innovative use of genetic engineering of the well-known vaccinia virus. This is the virus from which the word "vaccine" was derived. Almost 200 years ago, Dr. Edward Jenner used live vaccinia virus to immunize against deadly smallpox virus, the first effective vaccine in history. It is fitting that this same virus, through Dr. Paoletti's work, may be the source of major breakthroughs in other diseases. K nowing that different gene messages exist in segments of DNA, Dr. Paoletti isolated certain parts of the herpes simplex I virus and inserted them into identified pieces of vaccinia virus DNA. The immunizing trait of the vaccinia virus DNA segment is due to its ability to control the herpes virus segment. The new artificial gene composite was then introduced into a living cell that was also infected with ordinary vaccinia virus. The modified foreign genes incorporated with the genetic material of the vaccinia virus, creating a live recombinant vaccine. The new organism now contains harmless elements of herpes 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN that the body still reacts to as a foreign substance. This activates its immune system that provides protection against the herpes virus in general. Hence, immunity without disease. After inoculating 40 mice, the researchers injected them with usually lethal doses of herpes. All of the protected mice survived, but 55-70 per cent of the control mice died. In the other part of the exp~riment, rabbits inoculated against hepatitis B produced antibody levels, which if extrapolated to humans, demonstrated immunological protection. This was determined by radioimmunoassay and other tests. Vaccinia virus has four major advantages over other viruses. First, the strains used are generally safe and further modifications can make them even safer. Second, they are stable and can be shipped safely even to parts of the world where refrigeration is inadequate. Third, the mass production of vaccinia vaccine can be inexpensive, making it a feasible treatment both in the developed and undeveloped parts of the world. Dr. Axelrod observed, "In comparison with other approaches, the production of sufficient quantities of recombinant vaccinia virus is relatively inexpensive and the technology for large scale production already exists!' A fourth advantage, and one particularly significant for the future, is that the vaccinia virus is large as viruses go. Because of its size, as many as six to 10 foreign genes could be inserted into one vaccinia virus organism. Such a polyvalent vaccine could provide protection against many diseases. Dr. Paoletti's discoveries have been confirmed by later experiments at the National Institutes of Health ( IH). Dr. Geoffrey Smith showed that his experimental vaccinia vaccine protected chimpanzees against hepatitis B virus infections. Because the chimpanzee's immune system is closely similar to that of humans, it provides further evidence that the genetically-engineered vaccines would protect humans as well. The Center for Laboratories and Research was established by the late Nelson Rockefeller, when he was governor of New York in the 1960's. Dr. Dickerman describes the laboratories as a smaller combination of the National Centers for Disease Control and the NIH. The nation's second oldest state public health laboratory, it is also the place where Coxsackie virus was first isolated and the first anti-fungal antibiotic, ystatin, was developed. Paoletti's research was sponsored by the Health Department, Health Research, Inc. and the IH. • Heroin danger Drug harms kidneys H eroin addicts are winding up on dialysis machines as the drug ruins their kidneys, creating the potential for a widespread social and economic problem. Heroin abuse is a common cause of kidney failure, Dr. Eugene E. Cunningham, of State University of New York at Buffalo, said in thejournal of the American Medical Association. Cunningham said he found heroinassociated nephropathy - HAN - is a common cause of end-stage kidney disease among patients ages 18 to 45 in the Buffalo area. "It seems that HA is a widespread problem in the United States, although the exact prevalence figures are not known;' Cunningham and colleagues said. "It affects primarily black men and, to a lesser extent, black women in the prime of life. "The social and economic impact of treating patients with end-stage renal disease has become a major cause of concern in the United States;' they said. "The economic impact of treating HAN may be striking." Cunningham said he sent a questionnaire to 130 dialysis units or sections of nephrology throughout the nation. Of those, 23 units in 14 cities responded. They reported a total of 98 cases of heroin-associated kidney disease. "Despite the small numbers responding to the questionnaire, the number of patients identified as having HAN was still substantial;' they said. Blacks may have a predisposition for the development of HAN, the researchers said. They said 92 patients - 93.9 per cent - were black. Black men made up the single largest group with 77 patients - 78.6 per cent. A federal program covers most of the costs of treating kidney disease, including dialysis and kidney transplantation - with a price tag of about $1 billion annually for 50,000 patients. A significant number of heroin addicts are maintained on dialysis apparently without regard to continued heroin abuse, said Dr. George D. Lundberg, JAMA Editor. A National Institutes of Health con sensus panel said in the journal that the government should not extend that precedent by picking up the tab for liver transplants for all liver patients as well. "The consensus panel takes the basic position that, unless the patient with advanced alcoholic liver disease is judged likely to abstain from alcohol, liver transplant would not be considered. • �Medical School News Practice plan Income ceiling set By Bruce S. Kershner W hile it is the first clinical practice plan ever adopted by UB's School of Medicine, the school is the last one in New York State and one of the last in the nation to have such a plan. The new plan will bring significant changes to the Medical School due to its reallocation of funding for medical programs and its regulation over full time faculty incomes. The UB Dental School adopted such a plan 13 years ago. Mandated by law and medical accreditation committees, the practice plan will establish a ceiling for UB fulltime faculty incomes that are derived from clinical practice associated with their academic functions at the school or its affiliated hospitals. The formula option just chosen by the faculty, the 250% option, now sets a ceiling for their income, not including certain supplementary sources. "Faculty and physicians who are not hospital-based and in private practice will not be affected by the new plan. This also applies to income not associated with clinical prac- tice," said Dr. John Naughton, dean of the Medical School. The plan was wholly mandated by State legislation in 1974 and is required by the Liaison Committee on Medical Accreditation established by the federal Department of Health and Social Services, the AMA and the AAMC. early a year of negotiations between the State Office of Employee Relations and United University Professions, the collective bargaining agency for faculty and staff, climaxed in the general state contract, which is "now a policy of the SUNY system;' the dean said. Of considerable note is that the contract gave SUNY the power to impose income ceilings unilaterally if the medical school faculties refused to negotiate limits themselves. The union represents more than 17,500 professional employees of the State University, including about 500 physicians from the State's four publicly-supported medical schools. Following the State's adoption of the general plan, "it was negotiated for each campus by local management-faculty teams;' Dr. Naughton explained. The management team in Buffalo included the dean; Dr. Carter Pannill, then vice president for health sciences; Mr. E.W. Doty, vice president for finance and management; Dr. Donald Larson, VIew ot extellor ot new wing being added to the carev..fattJer..Shennan medical school coll¥Jiex at the Matn Street campus. Completion Is proJected tor 1985. associate vice president for health sciences; and Dr. Ross Markello, who led the medical faculty representatives. This team revised the general contract, which was made official when it was approved in Albany on October 1, 1983. The new contract includes specific items and those variations that take into account the unique situations that differentiate the UB School of Medicine from others in the SUNY system. The most recent steps before the plan could be implemented were the formation of a Governing Board and the selection of one of the two formula options offered. These were decided on January 15, 1984. In the meantime, department chairmen have identified those faculty who will be members of the plan. The plan will be managed by Clinical Practice Groups, which will generally .be University and hospital departments, and in some cases, department divisions. The Governing Board will periodically oversee the implementation of the plan by the Clinical Practice Groups. Medical faculty required to belong to the plan include all full-time or BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 �''The plan was mandated to ensure that faculty devote most of their effort to their primary task of teaching medical students!' geographic full-time faculty who 1) perform the professional clinical practice of medicine for which a fee or salary is customarily collected and 2) are paid a salary by SU Y alone or jointly by SUNY and its affiliated hospital programs. Approximately 15%, or 366 of 2400 faculty are now covered by the plan. Physicians not required to participate may obtain vo4Jntary membership. Faculty who are volunteer are not included, nor are any faculty who 1) are residents, interns or fellows or 2) do not engage in clinical practice (such as many of those in the basic science departments) or 3) engage in clinical practice solely in hospitals or health care institutions OT affiliated with or owned by UB. Over 2000 Medical School Faculty, almost 85% of the total, currently fall into one of these categories and are thus not covered by the plan. While the plan affects income derived from clinical practice at UB-afliliated medical institutions, it does not affect many other supplementary sources of income. Besides the basic State (and hospital) salary, the following income will remain unaffected by the plan: fringe benefits, royalties, honoraria for lectures and clinical practice income derived from hospitals not associated with UB. In some cases, income from research grants can be excluded. T he plan was legislated, State officials in Albany told the New York Times, "to ensure that faculty members devote most of their efforts toward their primary task of teaching medical students and not to outside consulting or the care of their private patients." A second aim of the legislation was to prevent physicians from using State nurses, equipment and office suites in State facilities for their private clinical practice, without reimbursing the State. "This agreement will guarantee full accountability to the public;' Dr. A. Norman Haffner said in a Times interview. He is the SUNY system's vice chancellor for research, graduate studies and professional programs. The agreement requires those fulltime physicians in the plan who engage in private practice to do so in medical facilities maintained by the University or its associated teaching hospitals. Dr. Naughton sees the plan as bringing a "new order" to the medical school while benefiting the quality of its teaching and research programs, its faculty and its financial status. "We will now be like the other 126 medical schools in the nation;' he emphasized, also pointing out that the school depends on the plan since it is now re22 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN quired for accreditation. For those concerned about the new plan, a frequent question is "Won't it take away individual prerogatives of the full-time faculty physicians?" The dean answers, "Yes, to some degree, but not in a manner that will affect their actual roles as physicians in rendering care to patients." He explains that when physicians choose to join the full-time faculty, it is presumed that they are committing themselves full-time to the goals and functions of their department and the medical school. This is what differentiates them from the volunteer faculty. He feels it is inconsistent for fulltime faculty to consider themselves accountable to the chairman and the University for their research and teaching activity, but not for their private patient care functions. Referring to the new system, he observed, "It will bring 'programmatic integrity' to the process." Then he added, "The plan clearly defines, for the first time, the fulltime faculty in the system. This in turn will benefit the medical school." An expressed concern from voluntary faculty is that a faculty practice plan may stimulate competition between the full-time and voluntary faculty members. Dr. Naughton feels that the implication of such a threat is unfortunate because most full-time faculty are engaged in practice and have not done any damage to the voluntary physician community. In fact, the plan will serve to moderate the amount of practice the full time faculty can engage in, thus reducing the threat to the voluntary faculty. The plan is simply a small part of a long historical trend that permanently changed the relationship between the University and the voluntary doctor community years ago. He notes that "Practice plans are usually perceived in this way. The plan does legitimatize the right of SUNY's full-time faculty to perform a limited amount of practice. Historically, it was always thought that you could have a full-time faculty that could engage solely in teaching and research and that others would be engaged primarily in clinical activities. The facts are that the rules changed in the mid-1960's because of changes in the funding mechanisms for the support of medical education. It was recognized that research and educational dollars alone would be insufficient to maintain a quality, stable faculty and quality medical education. So from 1965 to now, a greater contribution of dollars from patient care has been required to enable medical schools to function." The dean Vlent on, "And so in a sense, there is an encroachment. But the other �Medical School News side of the coin is that, for UB, we don't own our own hospital. Because of this, there is no way that Buffalo full-time faculty will take away significant patient revenues from the voluntary faculty." One of the plan's primary benefits to the medical school is that, according to SUNY Vice Chancellor Haffner, the plan will provide sufficient financial incentives to allow the State-supported medical schools to compete against wealthier private schools for the best medical academicians. Part of this financial incentive is due to the disbursement of the clinical practice income in which the School of Medicine receives 5 per cent. This "Dean's Fund" will be used to expand and improve programs most in need. ot only docs this include research and education programs but also the hiring of new quality faculty members. Because it is a discretionary fund, the dean can use it as an incentive, and award amounts to selected faculty members. Similarly, the "overage;' or amount generated above the contractual ceiling, will be prorated to each department (by hospital) where it is generated. It will be used by the departments to buy equipment as well as to expand educational efforts. In particular, the new source of funds can be used to "nourish undernourished" departments or programs. "Because we can now utilize a new added resource," Dr. aughton reasoned, "we have one more fund with which to match other sources." W hile the practice plan can ultimately expand the medical faculty, some have expressed fears that it could initially result in some loss of faculty. aughton responded by saying Dr. "There's no reason to lose any faculty; however, there may be some physician faculty who opt out of the system because they perceive this change as not in their best personal interests." In answering the question, "Is it worth it to me as an individual to be part of the Medical School or not?", the dean feels that answer will be "determined by each faculty member's commitment to the goals of the medical school and the profession." At this time, the dean does not know what actual effect it will have on faculty stability. The faculty-elected Governing Board wil l be responsible for the day-to-day management of the plan. This will include authority to review accounts, transmit reports to the President of UB, and establish guidelines for expending clinical practice income. When necessary, procedures to preserve patient confidentiality will be developed. A majority vote is required to elect the Board, which will consist of one person from each clinical department. One at-large member from the basic science faculty will also be elected. The dean, the University president, and the affiliated hospital directors will be nonvoting members of the Board. The Governing Board will establish a billing and accounting system that will be followed by the Clinical Practice Groups. Individual plan members will not be permitted to bill directly for fees for professional services. The Clinical Practice Groups will be organized by clinical department and hospital. Because of the relatively large size of some department divisions, such as those in the Department of Medicine, divisions may be organized as separate Clinical Practice Groups. Plan members of each Group will combine their billing and accounting systems. Disbursement of clinical practice income will be according to Governing Board rules. The "250% option" that was recently approved by the faculty works like this: A full time faculty member may not earn a clinical practice income in excess of 250% of the established maximum State basic annual salary for academic rank. Since maximum State salaries range from $70,000 to $80,000 a year, the plan allows some members to earn a total of up to $178,000 a year in combined faculty and patient derived income. As explained previously, this does not include other non-clinical practice income from fringe benefits, royalties and the like. Average State salaries actually hover around $40,000 annually. The faculty may elect. to change the formula to the second available option one year later. This "incentive plan" does not impose a fixed ceiling on income. It permits a faculty member to earn a clinical practice income of more than 200% of the maximum State basic annual salary as long as any income over 200% is shared equally with the medical school. The formulas for disbursement are more complicated. Five per cent of all combined clinical practice income will be deposited into a "Dean's Fund" to be used for the benefit of the School of Medicine. As mentioned before, this may include new or expanded educational and research programs, faculty hiring and merit awards. However, $60,000 of this fund must be used for SUNY system-wide Health Sciences purposes. Buffalds share of this $60,000 has not yet been determined. A portion of the generated practice funds will be used to reimburse the affiliated hospitals for expenses related to . use of equipment, offices, nurses and other personnel, and supplies. For Buffalo, at the present time, this is roughly 15%. A third portion may be used to compensate for IRS established costs of practice. This includes physicians' expenses related to professional travel, membership dues and equipment use. It typically amounts to 10-25% of total clinical practice income. A fourth and largest portion is the clinical practice income, or salary, to the faculty member, which cannot exceed the contractual limits. What remains is the fifth portion called "overage." It is disbursed to each department, according to the prorated portion they generate. It may be used to purchase equipment, hire new faculty, or expand research and educational programs. • Genetics training Predoctoral grant sought A group of reviewers and administrators from the ational Institutes of Health came to the Amherst Campus for a site visit October 17 to review a predoctoral training grant proposal called "The Buffalo Genetics Training Grant:' This proposal for a predoctoral training grant in genetics is unusual in that it originated within and was formulated by members of the ucleic Acid Graduate Group, a group of researchers active in many areas of genetics in the Buffalo area. The goal of the proposal is "to establish a broad unified graduate program in genetics and to attract a larger number of excellent students to the area with the aid of a Genetics Training Grant:' Participating in the application are 20 faculty members from four academic departments; nine from Roswell Park Memorial Institute; six from the Department of Biochemistry; three from the Department of Biological Science, Division of Cell & Molecular Biology, and two from the Department of Microbiology. The program, if funded, will be administered .by a project director, Dr. Jeremy Bruenn (Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Cell & Molecular Biology) in conjunction with a Steering Committee consisting of Drs. David Rekosh (Biochemistry), Philip LoVerde (Microbiology), and Rosemary Elliott (Cellular & Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute). The site visitors interviewed 12 of the 20 faculty participants and 19 of 40 graduate students whose names appear on the proposal. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 23 �Mr. Joseph Pans, With Buffalo VA Medical Center In background. 1 VAMC head Paris directs Center A By Bruce S. Kershner !though many know that the Director of Buffalo Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) is Joseph Paris, few realize that he is also Director of the VA Medical District #2. In this capacity, he oversees planning and budgeting activities of all VA facilities in Western and Central New York, including six hospitals, one clinic, a domiciliary or "old soldiers home" and a national cemetery. The Buffalo VAMC, which Mr. Paris has directed for over 11 years, is not only the largest VA tertiary-care medical center in upstate New York, but is also 24 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN the largest non-psychiatric VA facility in the entire state. With Mr. Paris' responsibilities as District Director taking him frequently to Albany, Syracuse and other locations, he says, "Some people joke that I don't really work here." However, he is clearly a loyal and well-entrenched Buffalonian. Born in Rochester 66 years ago, he first worked in Buffalo with the Veterans Administration Regional Office and the VA Medical Center for ten years after serving as a 1st Lieutenant in World War II. Following an assignment at the VAMC in Batavia, NY, he returned a second time to Buffalo to serve as VAMC's Assistant Director during the height of the Vietnam War and ultimately became the Director in 1972 after a brief assignment as Director of the VAMC in Butler, PA. Look- ing back, he mused, "I just couldn't stay away' I'm in love with Buffalo." His two daughters are both UB alumni and also live in the Buffalo area. Located across the street from UB's medical school, the VAMC is now in the 33rd year of its affiliation with the School. Mr. Paris sees the relationship with the medical school as clearly symbiotic. He particularly appreciates the fact that the medical school's review and selection of new faculty assures high quality in the selection of those physicians, many of whom are also working at VAMC. "Here at our Medical Center, maintaining the highest standards of patient care requires that clinical practice must constantly change to keep pace with scientific developments. The vital interaction between the Medical School �Hospitals and our VAMC has ensured this movement. Clinical practices are continually at the cutting edge of progress. Interdisciplinary team treatment in geriatrics; internationally recognized accomplishments in pacemaking and cryosu rgery; · peripheral vascular surgery; open heart surgery; and nationallyrecognized achievements in the management of renal disease are examples of clinical progress. The excellence of these and other treatment programs hinges upon linkages among teaching, research and clinical care." Each year more than 200 residents and more than 290 medical students receive instruction at the VAMC. Their presence is a continual challenge keeping all levels of staff on their toes. Throughout the year, approxir:nately 1500 students in health care trammg affiliate at the local VAMC and "every bed here is a teaching bed;' he stresses. The Medical School and the VAMC have so many overlapping programs, it's difficult to keep track of all of them. An amusing example, he explained, occ~r­ red "one morning when I was gettmg ready f01- work, I was listening to a television program and heard an announcement publicizing an exercise program for senior citizens. Since I'm a senior citizen myself, I called the familiar-sounding number given for this 'Network for Aging in Western ew York! Sure enough, someone in my hospital answered the phone and gave me information about a joint university/hospital program which was being held throughout the city." Then he continued, "It would have been amusing to listen to their reaction if I had identified myself." P aris is proud of his hospit~l's r~la­ tionship with the Umvers1ty, especially because university researchers are interested in practicing state of the art medicine. "Did you know that the world's first implanted heart pacemaker was developed at this hospital in 1962?" he noted. Dr. William Chardack, together with Dr. Andrew Gage, both UB professors of surgery, and Wilson Greatbatch originated the revolutionary life-saving device which is now use? by up to three million people. At the time, Dr. Chardack was chief of surgery at the VAMC. Dr. Gage is presently chief of staff at the VAMC, as well as acting chairman of the Department of Surgery. "We now do 250 coronary bypass operations a year here;' he continued. "We also have an exciting event coming some time in 1984 - the hospital's first heart transplant!' In the medical administration field, Mr. Paris' specialty, he was responsi- ble for developing the Medical District Initiated Program Planning (MEDIPP). This was a significant step in health care planning for veterans because it is actually a grassroots planning effort that informs the federal government of the District's needs. Contrasting this to the former procedure where the Veterans Administration Central Office in Washington used to tell the District what they needed, Mr. Paris remarked, "it transfers control to those at the local level." Mr. Paris explained the concept of Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) and how the VAMC will be applying this resource allocation method to its acute care discharges beginning with the 1985 budget year. However, with the accomplishments come some difficulties. "We are experiencing at the present time a great demand for patient care. This is partially due to the area's current economic conditions - we're bulging at the seams;' he commented. The VAMC presently treats over 13,000 inpatients and 160,000 outpatients annually. Regarding the continuing efforts to contain health care costs and federal budget cuts, Mr. Paris explained that VAMC has been an unusual exception because it has not been cut for the past three years. "But it has not had increases for three years either;' he emphasized, "and that is the same as budget cuts because of the effects of inflation." This has made any significant expansion impossible. He continued, "We could really use 7 to 9 more physicians, 15 to 17 medical residents and 20 to 25 more RN's and technicians." Even such routine hospital facility needs as airconditioning on all wards cannot be provided yet. ''Air-conditioning is not a simple matter - it costs $35 million," he remarked. One of his goals is to expand the hospital's research capabilities by increasing the current $1,250,000 research funding to $2,250,000 and the construction of a Research and Education Building. As far as VAMC's future, he sees it as serving a more aging veteran "due to fewer recent wars." Geriatrics will definitely be a major thrust in medicine; thus he hopes to work toward developing expanded geriatric programs at the VA and the University. His desire is to have additional faculty and resident positions and at least four fellows each year training in geriatric medicine. He is especially pleased that the University is planning to set aside a building for geriatric medicine to expand the program. Mr. Paris believes the time has come for the VAMC to move into a more leading role in patient care and to a preeminent position in education of the health professions in Western ew York. It is particularly fitting that VA Medical Center should be directed by a World War II veteran who was awarded the Purple Heart with Oak Leaf Cluster and the Silver Star. He is a member of the Disabled American Veterans, the Veterans of Foreign Wars and the American Legion, as well as the American Military Surgeons of the U.S., a Fellow in the American College of Hospital Administrators, member of the American Hospital Association, Association of American Medical Colleges Council of1eaching Hospitals and the Western New York Hospital Association. He is also on the Board of Directors and Executive Committee of the Health Systems Agency of W. .Y. and a member of the Statewide Health Coordinating Council of the State Health Planning Commission , and other professional organizations. Perhaps some of Joseph Paris' successful accomplishments in hospital administration can be attributed to the motto he practices at work each day "None of us is as smart as all of us." • RPMI recertified Meets ACS standards T he Commission on Cancer of the American College of Surgeons has awarded a Three-year Certificate of Approval to Roswell Park Memorial Institute. The certificate was presented to Dr. Gerald P. Murphy by commission official Dr. John Snyder. The Approvals Program was established by the American College of Surgeons in 1956 to encourage the best in cancer therapy. Different kinds of cancer respond best to different kinds of treatments: surgery, x-ray, chemotherapy, alone or in combination. The program encourages discussion of cancer problems among surgeons, medical oncologists, oncological radiation therapists, pathologists and other medical disciplines involving the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, thus assisting the attending physician in optimal treatment planning for his patient. In addition to having a clinical program which meets the requirements of the Commission on Cancer, Roswell Park has also met the requirement of having a wellfunctioning tumor registry. The registry keeps a record of each cancer patient, cured or not, and makes certain that follow-up examination and rehabilitation of patients are done in a systematic manner at specified intervals. Special studies of cancer cause and treatment are possible through the registry. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 25 �Students > w ..J ..J :::;) til :::E ::; cii 5 X: D. Research exhibits Rttv medical research exhibits were on dlsPtav at the Thlrrl Annual Student Research Dav Forom held In Goodyear Hall on December 3. Students organize displays A bout 50 medical research exhibits were displayed at the Third Annual Student Research Forum held at UB on December 3, 1983. The participants included 27 students who completed a summer fellowship for interns which was designed to introduce medical students to biomedical research. Other medical students, fellows, and faculty were invited as well. Thomas D. Flanagan, Ph.D., and Randolph E. Sarnacki, Ph.D., directed the program. Most of the Medical School's departments were represented at the poster forum. The relationship between cancer and Vitamin A, allergy and diabetes mellitus were presented by Blackford Middleton, Joseph Bona, and Barbara O'Mara, respectively. "Microvascular Response to Angiography in Damaged Vessels" was the title of Michael Nancollas' poster. A small sample of other poster exhibits included: "Purification of Vitamin DDependent Ca2+ Binding Protein From Human Intestine" by John Bloor; "Holographic Representation of ComputerGenerated Intracranial Tumor Volumes Reconstructed From CT Data'' by Peter Economou and Thai Trong Do; "Investigation of Rat Liver Injury and Regeneration After Acetaminophen Poisoning" by Raymond Meeks, and "Role of Superoxide in Preventing Polyspermy" by Robert Moss. Abstracts of all the exhibits will be published soon. • 26 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN C hrtstopher Lander, a thlrrl vear UB medical student, received the Dr. John B. Shetter Awarrl tor 1983. The awarrl was based on Mr. Lander's overall performance In his worlc In the laboratorr. Dr. Shetter (rtghtJ, clinical professor or pathology, presented the awarrl. Henrr E. Black, head or the Department or Medicine at Deaconess and a clinical associate professor or medicine and tam#· tv medicine, looks on. The awarrl was established In 1979 11v the Deaconess Medical staff. �• People • . .. ..· .. ..... . ... ... . . ... .. A practice in paradise Ambrusko, a real life 'Love Boat' doctor T wo weeks each year Dr. John Ambrusko (M'37), director of the Manatee County, Florida, Health Department, packs his black medical bag and heads off to sea. Far away from government offices and the rat race of city life, the white-haired and amiable Ambrusko takes on a new role as a ship's doctor, jaunting from Miami to assau on a 900-passenger Pan American cruise liner. "It's almost like going home;' said Ambrusko, who was a surgeon on a By Jay Greene destroyer in the South Pacific during World War II. "I always thought how beautiful it would be to be at sea if you weren't being dive-bombed, torpedoed or shot at. That happened a lot out there, you know." Dr. Ambrusko was a UB instructor of surgery in his early years, from 1949-55. He served as chief surgeon of Kenmore Mercy Hospital from 1950 1977. Before UB Joined the SUNY system, he was active in the Participating Fund for Medical Education, which was important in recruiting new Dr. John Ambrusko outstanding department heads. It also helped establish the Buffalo Physician magazine. He also served on UB's committees on admissions and on the health advisory committe. He is still a member BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �I • of the Erie County Medical Society. His role as ship's doctor began three years ago, when Ambrusko met the Emerald Seas ship doctor at a medical seminar. After trading landlubber and salty-dog stories, the suggestion was made that Ambrusko sign on for a series of four-day cruises. "I thought since I have state compensation and vacation time coming to me, it might be an interesting way to spend two weeks;' Ambrusko said during an interview in his ofice. "I liked it so much the first week I asked the captain if my wife could join me. It continued to be so enjoyable I asked if! could bring my entire family down." (Ambrusko has seven daughters). T wice a week at about 4 p.m., the Emerald Seas steams out of Miami against a setting sun with orchestras playing and passengers lining the decks waving their goodbyes. In the early evening, when the liner reaches international waters, the gambling tables open and the partying begins. For 18 hours through the night, passengers dance, drink, eat, sleep and get acquainted. By the time the ship docks in Nassau the next morning, Ambrusko says, he has his hands full. "It's an exciting ... a very stimulating time for all the passengers during the voyage. There are big family reunions, and a lot of the senior citizens overdo it ari.d need treatment:' Since that first tour of duty in 1980, Ambrusko has signed on for two others. His last cruise was almost a year ago, during the Thanksgiving holidays. "We have had so many problems lately, I haven't had the time," he explained. And steamship companies would love to have Ambrusko - if he had the time. After he introduced the newly developed medication "trans-derm" to seasick passengers, Ambrusko was offered several jobs on Swedish liners. Instead of sending passengers to bed for two or three days, doctors now place a small Band-Aid, containing transderm, behind the patient's ear. The medication is absorbed into the skin and protects against seasickness for 72 hours. "One of the reasons I took the job is the Emerald Seas specializes in threeand four-day cruises;' Ambrusko said. "I am always someplace where I can get back quickly in an emergency. I would be too apprehensive to be at sea for two whole weeks:' Before Ambrusko leaves terra firma, he contacts several local doctors and the health directors in Sarasota and Hillsborough counties. "I know some people will say, 'Here's our health director, and he's cruising around the 28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Bahamas: But I don't leave here unless things are well in hand;' he said. Doctoring at sea differs little from that on land, except a physician is expected to do a lot more than hand out pills and perform minor surgeries. "It's a lot like the Love Boat;' Ambrusko said. "Each night the captain has a cocktail party and dinner for the VIPs. One night he was busy so I acted as host. It was quite delightful. There was a lieutenant governor, a sheriff and several entertainers on board that night." A mbrusko takes doctoring seriously. Before he entered World War II in 1943, he was a surgeon for six years at the world-famous Mayo Clinic in Minnesota. He spent the 25 years following the war at Kenmore Mercy Hospital. In 1977, Ambrusko was forced to leave surgery because he had developed cataracts in both eyes. He applied for the Health Department job in Bradenton, but believed it would only be temporary. "I never expected it would take me six years to get my eyes operated on;' said Ambrusko, shaking his head. "I always thought I would return to Buffalo to continue surgery. Do I miss it? Christ. It was my life .... "I look at myself now as the doctor of the community. My job is to prevent outbreaks of disease. Fortunately, we haven't had any problems. After all I've been through, this job is the champ." Ambrusko, who is 70, said if he is ever fired or decides to retire, he'll consider working four months a year as a ship's doctor. "Most doctors do it part-time. ot anything like the 'Love Boat' doctor, although we enjoy ourselves as much. "I like the respect that people give me when I walk down the deck after office hours;' he said. "It reminds me a lot of when I was chief surgeon. In the bureaucracy of a hospital, that's about the top. "The sea is something else. I love it. There's nothing so restful, peaceful as smelling salt air and looking at the horizon across blue water with good friends nearby." • (Reprinted from The Bradenton (Florida) Herald, 914183). Guthrie honored PKU pioneer recognized T he internationally recognized UB professor who devised the PKU test that has literally saved thousands of children from the anguish of mental retardation is the reci pi en t of one of the highest awards of the National Association of Retarded Citizens. Dr. Robert Guthrie was presented the Distinguished Research Award ovember 11 in Detroit at the Association's Annual Convention. A professor of pediatrics, Dr. Guthrie developed the simple screening tests that detect phenylketonuria (PKU) and other inherited metabolic diseases in newborn infants. ow a standard test in hospital nurseries, it is mandated by law in all but two states and is used worldwide. The Guthrie test, as it is now called, can identify the estimated one of every 5000 infants that has the hereditary disease that causes severe mental retardation if left untreated. More than 60 million babies have received the Guthrie test since it was devised 20 years ago. This means that at least 12,000 people are growing up normal that would have otherwise been retarded. PKU is a disorder of the liver which causes severe brain damage unless identified and treated with a special diet. The test uses a drop or two of blood taken from a baby's heel and analyzes it in a laboratory. Since he initially developed the test for PKU, he has also devised 30 other tests for a number of other newborn diseases. The analyses associated with the Guthrie test can detect, for example, galactosemia, a fatal defect in sugar metabolism and congenital hypothyroidism, an absence of thyroid hormone that produces cretinism. Dr. Guthrie's interest in mental retardation is not incidental; one of his six children and a niece arc retarded. Dr. Guthrie, 66, has lobbied for years for the mentally retarded. Some of his most recent efforts include pressing for legislation to screen children for lead poisoning and other diseases. A recipient of numerous other awards in the past, he is the author of more than 60 scientific articles and shares his expertise as a consultant to agencies in the U.S. and as far away as China and ew Zealand. A resident of Williamsville, he is also director of the University's Biochemical Genetics Laboratory. • DR. ICHIRO NAKAMURA, ASSISTANT PRO· fessor of pathology, presented a paper entitled "Natural Killer Cell-Like Effectors Regulate Hemopoietic Colony Formation In Vitro: A Model for Hybrid Resistance to Bone Marrow Graft?" at the 29th Annual Meeting of the Reticuloendothelial Society, Portland, Oregon, October 9-12. • DR. FRANK V. Mel. BOOTH , JUST APPOINTed assistant professor of surgery, has also been named director of the Surgical Intensive Care Unit at the Buffalo General Hospital. Dr. Booth most recently held the position of director of the Surgical Critical Care Units and assistant professor of surgery at the �People Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions in Baltimore. A native of the United Kingdom, he attended school in England and earned his undergraduate, graduate and medical degrees from Oxford University. • DR. FRANCESCO GIACOBBE, ASSISTANT clinical professor, has been appointed chief of pediatrics at Sisters Hospital. He has been on staff at Sisters since 1964. He is a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics and is certified by the American Board of Pediatrics. He has a private office practice in Kenmore. Dr. Giacobbe is also a Commander in the United States aval Reserve. • being conducted in conjunction with the University of Rochester Medical School and Walter Reed Army Medical Center. • University, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Georgetown University, and the Hawaii Medical Association, among others. • DR. SHASHIKANT B. LELE, CLINICAL ASsociate professor in gynecology and obstetrics and associate chief of Roswell Park's Department of Gynecologic Oncology, was an invited speaker at the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists District II meeting with the Italian Obstetrics and Gynecology Society, September 28-0ctober 7, in Venice. Dr. Lele discussed the Roswell Park experience in managing advanced ovarian cancer and participated in a panel discussion on surgical management of cervical cancer. • DR. JAMES LEE, PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE, spoke at the 8th annual Saudi Medical Symposium In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia October 30- ovember 3 on an update on essential hypertension. A resident of Williamsville, he is medical director of the skilled nursing facility and director of hypertension services at the Erie County Medical Center. • Dr. Gerald P. Murphy Dr. Harold 0. Douglass, Jr. cancer." Dr. Francesco Giacobbe DR. STEVEN GUTMAN, ASSISTANT PROFESsor of pathology, presented a poster exhibit (co-authored by Dr. Ruth Solomon and Dr. M. Montes) entitled "A Comparison of the Chemstrip 9 with a Tricholoroacetic Acid Protein Precipitation Test for Screening Urines Prior to Cultures" at the fall meeting of th e American Society of Clinical Pathologists in St. Louis on September 19. • DR. CHUNG I. HONG, ASSISTANT RESEARCH professor of chemistry and Roswell Park cancer research scientist in neurosurgery, presented a lecture on Synthesis and Antitumor Actiuiry of ara-C Conjugates, August 25, at the Technical University of Munich, West • Germany. DR. LAWRENCE JACOBS, CLINICAl ASSIStant professor of physiology, has received a National Institutes of Health grant of 126,138 for a two-year continuation of a study of multiple sclerosis treatment using interferon. This research was begun by Dr. Jacobs in collaboration with physicians at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, and is now DR. HAROLD 0. DOUGLASS, JR., RESEARCH associate professor of surgery and chief, Upper Gastrointestinal and Endoscopy Service at Roswell Park, has been elected national chairman of the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group (GITSG), the first organized national effort devoted to the research and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Established by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in 1973 and supported by NCI research grants, GITSG is a cooperative, multidisciplinary task force of 10 hospitals, cancer institutions, medical organizations, and universities, such as Roswell Park, Yale THE AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY (ACS), THE largest voluntary group in the national fight against cancer, has elected D r. Gerald P. Murphy, director of Roswell Park, its national president, at its 70th Annual Meeting in ew York City. Dr. Murphy is also a UB research professor. Dr. Murphy's appointment marks the first time in ACS history that a physician from the Upstate New York area has been selected to guide the Society at the national level, and coincides with Roswell Park's 85th anniversary as the world's first cancer research facility. In recognition of Dr. Murphy's election, the New York State Division of the ACS presented a "restricted gift" of $500,000 to the national ACS. The "restriction" attached to the gift is that these funds be used exclusively to support new cancer research projects at Roswell Park in 1984. According to Mr. William Pinkel, executive director of the Society's New York State Division, the $500,000 endowment both honors Dr. Murphy and acknowledges "the Institute's long history of leadership and excellence in cancer research, treatment and education in the worldwide effort to conquer Dr. Murphy has served the ACS in a number of capacities since 1968, including national chairman of its Medical and Scientific Committee and president of both the New York State Division and the local Erie County Unit. Furthermore, Dr. Murphy has been selected to represent the general field of cancer on the newly formed Advisory Committee on Biological Sciences to Notre Dame University, Indiana. This voluntary committee will review certain advances in biology - including cancer, blood coagulation, molecular biology, cell culture, and comparative pathology - and make recommenBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 29 �People dations to the University. Dr. Murphy has also accepted an invitation to join the editorial board of the new journal, Neoplasia. Dr. Murphy has been Institute director since 1970 and has been instrumental in making Roswell Park a world leader in cancer research, treatment, and education. During his tenure, many new facilities and new areas of cancer research have been established. He has been most vigorous in cancer control activities, particularly in conjunction with the American Cancer Society locally, statewide, and nationally. A member of many prestigious national and international organizations, Dr. Murphy is currently chairman of the Executive Council of the Society of Surgical Oncology; secretary-general of the International Union against Cancer; and executive board chairman of the Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell Cancer Fund. surgery at the Wayne State Medical School and the Massachusetts General Hospital before moving to Buffalo on July 1. He has published in the field with special interests in tumors of the hand, thoracic outlet syndrome and brachial plexus injuries. In the future, he hopes to do research on rigid fixation of hand fractures and microsurgery. • DR. GERALD SUFRIN , PROFESSOR AND chairman, Department of Urology, has recently been appointed to the Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Trauma Study Section of the National Institutes of Health. This study section reviews proposals submitted to the National Institutes of Health and evaluates their scientific merit for possible funding by the National Institutes of Health. In addition, Dr. Sufrin has recently been reappointed to the Research Grants and Fellowship Committee of the ational Kidney Foundation and to its Council on Urology. • chairman of orthopaedics at Case Western University. • DR. LEONARD WEISS, RESEARCH PROFESSOR of dermatology and director, Experimental Pathology, Roswell Park, discussed The Cancer Cell Periphery and Metastasis lne.fficiency at a meeting of the British Society for Cell Biology and Developmental Biology, September 14-16, in Aberystwyth , Wales. • THREE UB FACULTY AND A UNIVERSITY OF pediatrics and chief of Roswell Park's Department of Pediatrics, has been named editor of a new journal, Cancer Drug Delivery. Toronto immunologist have recently coauthored a text on immunogenetics, making it one of only four published in the field. Authors of the 514-page text, Immunogenetics, are Marek Zaleski (M.D.); E d ward Niles (Ph.D.); Roger Cunningham, (Ph.D.), and Torontds Stanislaw D ubiski (M .D.). Dr. Niles is associate professor of biochemistry; Dr. Zaleski is professor of microbiology; Dr. Cunningham is associate professor and associate director of UB's Ernest Witebsky Center for Immunology. The text, which is published by Pitman Publishing, Marshfield, Mass., is currently undergoing translation into ajapanese edition, with other foreign-language editions planned. • DR. MARTIN WINGATE, PROFESSOR OF OB- DR. MICHAEL ANBAR WILL SERVE AS CON- stetrics and gynecology and director of Continuing Medical Education, recently returned from Indonesia where he will serve as associate medical director of Family Health International. This is an intermediate agency ofUSAID or United States American International Development. He will act as a consultant for evaluating maternal family health and child clinics and will develop biomedical research plans in Indonesia. Dr. Wingate is also an assistant dean and a Millard Fillmore staff physician. • sulting editor, Physical Chemistry, for Medical Electronics. He is associate dean for applied research (School of Medicine), professor and chairman of the Department of Biophysical Sciences, and professor of dental materials in the School of Dentistry. He recently became executive director at the new Health Care Instruments and Device Institute (HIDI). He also serves as research professor in the Department of Biophysics at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. • TWO PHYSICIANS HAVE JUST JOINED THE DR. GIUSEPPE ANDRES, PROFESSOR OF faculty of the Medical School , Drs. Wendy Wolfman and Mark Koniuch. Dr. Wolfman , new research assistant professor, holds the M.D. from the University of Calgary and completed a residency in ob/gyn at the University of Toronto in 1980, was named a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (FRCS), and served on the ob/gyn staff at the Medical College of South Carolina for two years before moving to Buffalo in March. Board-certified in ob/gyn, she currently is doing research on pelvic inflammatory disease and has special interest in pediatric and adolescent gynecology. Her husband Dr. Coleman Rotstein serves on the infectious disease staff at Roswell Park. Dr. Koniuch, new assistant professor, received his M.D. from the University of Michigan , completed a residency in orthopaedic surgery at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, and trained in hand pathology, microbiology and medicine, spoke at a Course on Renal Diseases held by the Departments of Pathology and Medicine at Columbia University, NYC (October 17-18, 1983). The title of his lectures were "Immunologic Basis of Renal Diseases ," "Membrano-proliferative Glomerulonephritis;' "Immunopathogenesis of Tubulointerstitial Nephritis," and "Modern Concept Concerning the lmmunopathogenesis of Nephrotic Syndromes." During the same visit, he was invited guest of Columbia University to the presentation ceremony for the 1983 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for Biology to D r. Rita Levi-Montalcini, NYC. (Reprinted from Roswell Park Memorial Institute's "Scanner"). • DR. ARNOLD I. FREEMAN , PROFESSOR OF 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Michael Anbar DR. WORTHINGTON SCHENK, CHAIRMAN AND professor ofUB's Department of Surgery, has been invited by the Health Commission of Victoria, Australia, to learn first hand about the successful efforts being taken there to restrain rising hospital and medical expenditures. Controlling the costs of medical student and resident training will also be discussed. The meeting will take place m Melbourne. • DR. EUGENE MINDELL, CHAIRMAN AND professor of orthopaedic surgery, reports that Visiting Professor Dr. Kingsbury Heiple was cited for his service at the department's 6th Resident's Graduation May 1983. His citation read "In recognition of many years of dedicated service as a skilled clinician and outstanding educator." Dr. Heiple is also • DR. ROBIN BANNERMAN , PROFESSOR OF medicine and pediatrics at Children's and Buffalo General Hospitals, has recently published a chapter in a 1983 textbook, Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics, entitled "Hereditary haemolytic, hypoplastic and megaloblastic anaemias." • �Classnotes Missing Your help needed We need your help in locating missing class members. Please contact the Alumni Office if you have information on the alumni listed below. 1934: Dr. Paul L. Frank Dr. Harry S. Hymowitz Dr. Joseph Mackiewicz 1939: Dr. John Kenneth Bembenista Dr. Lawrence . Cheeley Dr. William J. Kasboum Dr. Carlo J. Marinello Dr. Lois Plummer Dr. Julian Potts 1920's FRANCIS R. DANIELS M'24 • would like to know if his classmates are interested in a 60th Reunion. His address is 1302 Risa Place, Santa Ana, California 92705. MARVIN A. BlOCK M'25 • has been re-elected to the executive board on Alcoholism of the American Medical Society. He is a resident of Buffalo and a clinical associate professor emeritus in medicine at UB. MILTON A. PALMER M'27 • received the first Rudy Spitzer Award in recognition of his 38 years of service to the Buffalo Eyebank and his 50 years with the Lions Club. Dr. Palmer resides in Lancaster. He was on UB's faculty from 1931 to 1951. 1944: Dr. Angel M. Ayala Dr. William S. Burgoyne Dr. Charles C. Casey Dr. William F. Havcmcycr 1930's RICHARD C. BATI M'36 • of Glens 1949: Dr. David 0. Clement 1940's JULIAN J. ASCHER M'40 • reports· 1959: that he retired from active practice in internal medicine in October 1983. Dr. Ascher is an assistant clinical professor emeritus at UB and attending physician at Buffalo General Hospital, Children's Hospital and the VA Hospital, Buffalo. Dr. John S. Carleton Dr. Clement H. Darby 1964: Dr. John J. Stout 1969: Dr. Charles J. Accettola Dr. Sasson J. Mukamal Dr. Henry P. Schwerner Dr. Marion Wind 1974: Dr. Gugu Nxumalo Dr. Ramon Rivera-Arquinzoni Dr. Jonathan Rosenberg Dr. Robin Trumball Falls, ew York, has retired from clinical radiological practice. ABRAHAM S. lENZNER M'41 • , adjunct professor of clinical psychiatry at Dartmouth Medical School, writes that his current research is on "Viral Antecedents and Alzheimer's Disease:' DR. WilliAM J. STAUBITZ M '42 • , UB professor and chairman emeritus, Department of Urology, has recently been elected president of the Society of Pelvic Surgeons. This is the leading professional society for the study of such diseases and Dr. Staubitz's election as president recognizes his long and distinguished contributions to this field of endeavor. ANNABEl MillER IRONS M'46 • retired from partnership with the Southern California Permanente Medical Group and has joined the staff of the VA Hospital, Cheyenne, Wyoming. Her husband, Alexander, has retired from his position on the technical staff of the Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena. PAUl C. WEINBERG M'48 • , professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Texas, is in charge of the U niversity of Texas, Houston Medical School Affiliation, Austin, Texas. Medal Committee, American Association for the History of Medicine. Dr. Batt is clinical associate professor of gynecology and obstetrics at UB. 1960's WilliAM E. ABRAMSON M'60 • , Baltimore, Maryland, presented a poster presentation at the Annual Assembly of the Southern Medical Association, "The Drug Abusing Patient In Your Practice: Are You Prepared?" J. ANTHONY BROWN M'61 • is in private practice in Thousand Oaks, California. Dr. Brown is chief of staff at the Los Robles Hospital and chief of surgery at the Westlake Community Hospital. Dr. AllAN SALTZMAN M '67 • , Dr. Harold Bernhard DR. HAROLD BERNHARD M'49 • , UB clinical associate professor, was recently reelected secretary of the American College of Gastroenterology at a meeting in Los Angeles. An organization of 1800 specialists in digestive disease, the College's mission is to foster excellence in the treatment of digestive diseases through education and clinical research. Dr. Bernhard, with two other associates, has also published "Hepatic encephalopathy and altered cimetidine kinetics" in the September 1983 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. They determined that cimetidine dosage, in cirrhotic patients with a history of portal system encephalopathy, should be reduced to minimize the risk of central nervous system side effects caused by the 40 per cent decrease in total clearance of cimetidine. Dr. Bernhard is also Millard Fillmore Hospital's chief of the gastroenterology division of the Department of Medicine. 1950's SANFORD H. MEYERS M'53 • 1s retired and living at 6000 Casa Blanca, Scottsdale, Arizona 85253. RONALD E. BATI M'58 • has been appointed to the Section on Infertility Surgery, American Fertility Society and to the Oster clinical associate professor of medicine at Veterans Administration Medical Center, has been awarded a $22,000 grant from the Veterans Administration to study how the heart beat affects the exchange of gases in the lungs. WilliAM M. BURLEIGH M'67 • writes that he is still at the Eisenhower Medical Center as chief of clinical pathology and director of the School of Medical Technology. His new address is 5300 Waverly Drive, #K2 Palm Springs, California 92264. HAROLD l. KULMAN M'68 • is director of the Sarasota Vascular Laboratory and chief of surgery at the Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Sarasota, Florida. DR. ROBERT MILCH M'68 • , clinical assistant professor of surgery at Erie County Medical Center, will be hosting a two-day training Institute on Hospice Care on April 26 and 27, 1984, in Buffalo. He will review the fundamentals of pain and symptom control. Dr. Milch has been active in the hospice movement for many years. Also making presentations at the conference will be Dr. Lawrence Sherman, clinical instructor, and Dr. George Cohn, clinical professor, who will speak on the use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation, epidural morphine and biofeedback. Drs. Sandra Tiller, Robert Moskowitz, Owen Bossman and Lawrence Sherman will chair panel discussions on interactions between hospice programs and the health care community. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �Classnotes MORRIS STAMBLER M'68 • and his wife announce the birth of their third child, Samuel, on October 17, 1983. They also have a daughter Elizabeth, 7, and a son Benjamin, 3. Dr. Stambler has a private practice in child and adult psychiatry and is an assistant professor of psychiatry at the Tufts University School of Medicine. JOHN R. FISK M'69 • has left academic medicine and writes "I recommend it highly." He has a private practice in pediatric orthopaedic surgery in Coral Stream, Illinois. 1970 's STANLEY KLUGHAUPT M'72 • is in private practice in internal medicine, gastroenterology, in Belleville, New Jersey. PAULS. KRUGER M'72 • was named a Fellow of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1983. Dr. Kruger is a clinical instructor at SU Y Upstate. DR. KENNETH l. GAYLES M '73 • , UB clinical instructor of medicine, has been named clinical coordinator of medical service at the Deaconess Division of The Buffalo General Hospital. He will be responsible for administrative affairs of the Department of Medicine at the Deaconess Division and also provide departmental support for the Family Medicine Residency Program at the facility. Dr. Gayles replaces Dr. Henry E. Black, former clinical coordinator, who recently relocated to Florida. THOMAS A. LOMARDO, JR. M'73 • has a private practice in orthopaedics in Buffalo. JACOB D. ROZBRUCH M'73 • has been elected to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery and also to the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Rozbruch is an instructor at the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine. The Rozbruchs have two children, Joshua, 6, and Jenny, 14 months. ROGER M. SIMON M'73 • is in private practice 1n ophthalmology in Las Vegas, Nevada. His practice is limited to diseases and surgery of the retina and vitreous. THOMAS l. WALSH M'74 • is an assistant professor of psychiatry and pediatrics at Georgetown University. Dr. Walsh is a consultant to the Regional Institute for Children and Adolescents, State of Maryland. HENRY M. BARTKOWSKI M'76 • , assistant professor in neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco, was recently awarded a three year IH grant to study "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in Brain Edema." DR. KEVIN KULICK M '76 • , a Buswell Fellow and clinical assistant professor of dermatology, has received a $20,000 grant from the Veterans Administration to continue studies of how ultraviolet light affects the body's immune system. He is also supervisor of the clinical immunology laboratory at Veterans Administration Medical Center. RICHARD P. SINGER "M'77 • has a private practice in neurology in Miami, Florida, and is a clinical assistant professor of neurology at the U ni\lersity of Miami. Dr. Singer is a Diplomate of the American Board of Psychiatry and eurology. JOHN J. BOYLE M'78 • writes that his new address is 132 Coolidge Street, Brookline, Massachusetts 02146. DR. SALVATORE A. DELPRETE M'78 • is a clinical instructor at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. He is in his third year of a hematology/oncology fellowship program. Starting in July 1984, he will work in Stamford, Ct., with Drs. Grann, Erickson and Weinstein. Dr. Delprete was a Fellow of the American Cancer Society and is a member of the AOA Fraternity and the American College of Physicians. MARK GLASSMAN M'78 • and his wife Carol celebrated their 1st wedding anniversary in October. They are the proud parents of a baby daughter, Lisa, born in September. Dr. Glassman is a clinical assistant professor at Yale University and staff pediatrician at Norwalk Hospital, Norwalk, Connecticut. He is the author of 21 publications and three book chapters. CHRISTINE A. MARINO M'79 • is director of the Family Health Center and assistant professor, Department of Family Medicine at the University of Maryland. JAMES MILLER M'79 • recently began working as physician director with Mid-Ohio Valley Health, headquartered in Parksburg, West Virginia. He provides overall administrative direction for the department, which serves a six county area with a population of 150,000. He is also doing clinical activity in the children's, family planning and sexually transmitted disease programs. DOUGLAS H. MOFFAT M'79 • , clinical assistant professor of family medicine, UB, was named director of the Family Medicine Center in June 1983. 1980's CHRISTOPHER M. RIGSBY M'BO • is chief resident and instructor in the Department of Diagnostic Imaging at the Yale ew Haven Hospital. Dr. Rigsby lives at 124 S. Montowese Street, Great Oaks # 18, Branford, Connecticut 06405. BARRY STEWART FELDMAN M'81 • is a resident in family practice at the Brookhaven Memorial Hospital, Bellport, ew York. MICHAEL CANE M'83 • is currently a surgical resident at Buffalo General Hospital. A Williamsville resident, he is an AMA member. Deaths Erwin Neter dead at 74 UB prof remembered by colleagues T By Mary Beth Spina he life, the contributions and the accomplishments of the late Dr. Erwin Neter were honored by more than 300 of his friends, family and colleagues at a memorial service November 11 in Slee Concert Hall on UB's Amherst Campus. Dr. eter, since 1936 an internationally-known bacteriologist and immunologist with UB's Departments of Microbiology and Pediatrics and Children's Hospital's Department of Bacteriology, died November 2 at Georgetown University Medical Center. He had been stricken three weeks earlier with a heart attack in the Baltimore Airport en route home from attending professional meetings in the Washington area. He was 74. He officially retired from UB and Children's Hospital in 1979, 32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN but Dr. eter had remained active in research and professional actiVIties, maintaining an office at the Hospital. Called a "man without enemies" by the many who knew him, Dr. eter's impact upon science as well as his fellow man and society was emphasized by speakers at the memorial service. "We all knew Erwin Neter in many different ways;' UB medical dean and acting vice president for health sciences Dr. John Naughton said. Describing him as a dedicated servant, true scholar, and friend of people, medicine and society, Dr. Naughton noted that "Dr. Neter emulated all those characteristics we ourselves would like to emulate. "We have;' he continued, "lost a person of genius, intellect and compassion but he will continue to live through us who knew him." Dr. Elliot F. Ellis, chairman of the Departments of Pediatrics at UB and Children's Hospital, noted that Dr. Neter, a remarkable man, grew with the science of immunology during his long career. "Even prior to my coming to Buffalo," said Dr. Ellis, "I knew Dr. Neter as a helpful and caring scientist and physician. I had turned to him for advice in dealing with an epidemic of infant diarrhea which occur- �Deaths red in ew York City where I was then practicing." Dr. Bernhard Urbascek, director of the Division oflmmunology at the University of Heidelberg and a faculty member in Mannheim, Dr. Neter's hometown, said that "Erwin continues to live by virtue of his excellence. "He will always be alive in our minds. And it is doubtless that one of life's great privileges was to know him. His memory lives on in those he counted as his friends and those he loved." Rev. Carl Thitchener, minister of the Unitarian Universalist Church of Amherst, and Rabbi Paul Golomb of the UB Hillel Foundation also spoke at the service. Music was provided by the Camenae String Quartet. Dr. Neter was widely known as a pioneer in development of the passive hemagglutination test used to aid diagnosis of a variety of enteric or gut bacterial infections. He was credited with coining the term "enteropathogenic" for certain normally friendly Escherichia coli bacteria in the gut which can cause disease in infants. He served as director of bacteriology at Buffalo Children's Hospital and as professor of microbiology and pediatrics at UB from 1936 until 1979. He was also a consultant at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Recently he was a leading investigator with Centers for Disease Control (CDC) on research which focused upon a common antigen shared by all enteric organisms and had been involved in a UB study last year which linked toxic shock syndrome with the diaphragm. Supported in his research for more than 20 years by grants from the ational Institutes of Health, Dr. Neter had more than 300 professional publications to his credit. He was founding editor-in-chief of the journal, Infection and Immunity, a widely cited microbiology journal. A member and past chairman of the Council of Biology Editors, Dr. eter had received many awards for his contributions to medicine - locally and internationally. Born in Mannheim, Germany, he was honored with an honorary doctor of medicine degree from his alma mater, the University of Heidelberg. He received his M.D. degree from that University in 1934, two years before he emigrated to Buffalo at the urging of his former teacher, the late Dr. Ernest Witebsky who was internationally known in the field of immunology. In addition to his love of science, Dr. eter was a supporter of culture in Buffalo, having served as president of the Buffalo Chamber Music Society for 21 years. A noted scientist, educator and researcher, his delight in encouraging young minds in the classroom and laboratory was as great as his dedication to blazing trails in his own research endeavors. He is survived by his wife, Dina Louise; one son, Stephen Jay, of Redwood City, Calif.; two brothers, Robert of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Dr. John eter of Athens, Ga., and two grandchildren. Contributions in Dr. Neter's memory may be sent to the Buffalo Chamber Music Society or Children's Hospital of Buffalo. • bacteriologist and immunologist. He made most significant contributions to our understanding of the antigenic structure and pathogenicity of gram-negative enteric organisms. He was the author of over 400 research papers, numerous review papers, and a textbook of microbiology. He was also the editor of several journals and books. Erwin Neter was an expert academic teacher, and he ignited interest in microbiology in many generations of students of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and nursing. He also was the mentor of ten postdoctoral fellows and three graduate students. Erwin Neter received well-deserved recognition for his work. In 1974 the University of Heidelberg bestowed upon him an honorary doctor degree. In 1977 he received this University's Stockton Kimball Award for his outstanding contributions in teaching, research and service. In 1983, he was named pediatrician of the year by the Buffalo Pediatric Society. Recently, a gram-negative bacterium was named Cedecea neteri in his honor. Other distinctions included the Gold Medal of Merit from the State of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, and the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. He served in the most prestigious position of chairman of the Board of Governors of the American Academy of Microbiology. Erwin Neter's contributions to our Department of Microbiology for over four decades were priceless. He was always ready to help us and to the last days of his life, took a very active part in practically all aspects of departmental activities. My wife and I had the unique privilege to be personal friends of Erwin and Louise Neter for over a quarter of a century. I will Milgrom eulogizes Neter D r. Felix Milgrom, chairman of the UB Department of Immunology, remembered his friend, Erwin Neter, in this eulogy delivered at the campus Memorial Service held for Dr. Neier on November 11, 1983. In 1936 a young physician arrived in Buffalo, fleeing from Nazi persecution in Germany. He brought with him his M.D. degree from Heidelberg and established himself in this community with the friendship and support of his senior colleagues, Ernest Witebsky and Kornel Terplan. Erwin Neter served this University and community for 47 years with the greatest competence and dignity. He held the rank of professor in the Departments of Microbiology and Pediatrics and for several decades he was director of the Bacteriology Laboratory at the Buffalo Children's Hospital and consultant bacteriologist at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Erwin Neter was a world-renowned Dt. Erwin Netet always retain in grateful memory the encouragement that I received from Erwin after my first research presentations in Buffalo and his support during the 16 years of my chairmanship. I had also the pleasure to be associated in research collaboration with Erwin and to share with him in editorial work of the "Proceedings of the 6th International Convocation on Immunology." Erwin Neter was not shy or slow in expressing his feelings of appreciation and gratitude. I have in my files dozens of his short notes, such as "I enjoyed very much your lecture;' "Many thanks for your friendship," "Thank you for your constructive remarks," etc., etc. At this moment I sincerely regret that I only seldom reciprocated this kindness. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �Deaths In remembering this outstanding scientist and physician, I could not think of anyone who fulfilled more sincerely the ancient Oath of Hippocrates. He consecrated his life to the service of humanity. He practiced his profession with conscience and dignity. His colleagues were his brothers. With purity and holiness he passed his life and practiced his art. The death of a man is a tragedy to his family and friends, but they are comforted by remembering his achievements and his continuous presence in the work that he accomplished. For all these years Erwin has been such an integral part of the Buffalo academic community that we cannot accept the fact of his departure. We do feel and will continue to feel his presence in an almost physical way. I will still ask for his advice in many matters even if I will have to guess his answers myself. In the liturgy of the Catholic Church the most touching mass for the departed was the Mass of Angels. In this mass that was not mournful, prayers were said for babies who died without sin. I also want my bidding farewell to Erwin not to be mournful. As innocent infants are believed to join angelic choirs, so I like to think that Erwin has now joined the celestial department of immunology in which he reassumed old discussions with Hans Sachs and Ernest Witebsky and in which he is waiting for me. • DR. MARCOS GALLEGO, 43 • died after a lengthy illness on December 8, 1983. He was a UB associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology. A native of the Philippines, he came to Buffalo in 1968 to complete his residency at UB. He had previously earned his medical degree at the Philippines' St. Thomas Medical College. An active researcher and teacher, he was well-liked and respected by his colleages and patients. Dr. Gallego became well-known for his talents and research in corrective gynecologic surgery for children and adolescents. He had been a consultant at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center and the iagara Falls Memorial Medical Center. Dr. Gallego was also on staff at Erie County Medical Center, Children's, Sisters of Charity, Millard Fillmore, and Buffalo General hospitals. A member of the A.M.A., Erie County, and New York State medical societies, and the Buffalo Gynecologic and Obstetrics Society, and the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics, he was also a diplomate of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. He is survived by wife Myrna, also a physician practicing obstetrics and gynecology, two children, four brothers, four sisters, and his parents. • resident at Bellevue in surgery and trauma. Dr. and Mrs. Harer moved to Oyster Bay in 1950. He was an assistant professor of clinical surgery at Bellevue, a post he greatly enjoyed in recent years. He also served as the official doctor for both volunteer fire departments in Oyster Bay, and served for ten years as assau County police surgeon. He had surgeon's privileges at several Long Island hospitals and was honored with two testimonial dinners upon his retirement in 1975; one by both firehouses and a second by all his friends in Oyster Bay. Dr. Harer is survived by his wife, Renie, and two brothers. • DR. THOMAS HUMPHREY (M'43) died on April 27, 1983 in Lake Isabella, California. He was born in Buffalo Jul y 23, 1917. DR. LOUIS A. TRIPPE M'40 • died November 22, 1983 in Sisters Hospital after a long illness. A Buffalo native, he was an associate clinical professor of obstetrics and gynecology at UB. After graduating from Canisius in 1936, he attended UB's Medical School, receiving his M.D. in 1940. He served his internship and residency at Meyer Memorial Hospital until 1942 when he joined the Army Air Forces as a flight surgeon. By the time he returned to the U.S. in 1945, he had served in Italy for three years and earned the Bronze Star, Soldier's Medal and four presidential citations. He began his practice three years after completing his residency at Meyer Hospital. He was an attending physician at Erie County Medical Center and Sisters, Children's, and Millard Fillmore Hospitals. An active golfer, he was elected president of the Brockfield Country Club of Clarence in 1969. Dr. Trippe was also a member of the American Academy of Obstetrics and Gynecology and numerous local, state, and national medical associations. His wife Antoinette, two children, two grandchildren and three sisters survive him. • George A. Harer M '40 • a practicing physician in Oyster Bay, Long Island, for 25 years until his retirement in 1975, died Thursday, September 29, 1983 at the Erie County Medical Center (ECMC) in Buffalo. Dr. Harer, a 1933 graduate of Hobart College, Geneva, .Y., was attending his 50th reunion at the time of his death. Born in Brooklyn, the second of five children, and raised in Patchogue, Long Island, Dr. Harer participated in both football and track during his high school and college days. He was a championship high jumper on both levels, and in more recent years his continued interest in football prompted him to serve as team physician during the varsity games at Oyster Bay High School. After graduating from Hobart in the midst of the Depression, he taught eighth grade in the public schools before completing his pre-medical requirements at Syracuse University. Dr. Harer continued his education at the University of Buffalo Medical School where he graduated in 1940. After working one year of rotating internship and two years in surgery at ECMC, he joined the Navy as a medical officer on a destroyer and served in the Pacific theater. He was awarded eight battle stars and a Bronze Medal with the combat "V" for valour earned in Leyte Gulf. Following the Second World War, Dr. Harer took a fellowship in pathology and anatomy at Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester, N.Y. He spent two years as assistant resident and one year as chief 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Paul J. Jiudel OettJ and friend Dr. Edwin Mirand. Dr. Paul J. Trudel • a research scientist and professor at Roswell Park since 1960, died on September 26, at the age of 92. His close friend and associate, Deputy Institute Director and UB research professor, Dr. Edwin Mirand said, "Dr. Trudel will be sadly missed, as he was a good friend with many talents and accomplishments. He was the last student of the famous German hematologist, Dr. Victor Schilling." Born in Ulm, Germany; Dr. Trudel came to the United States to study at the University of Buffalo, where he earned his bachelor ('26) and master degrees ('28) in biology. He returned to Germany for further studies, and received a doctoral degree from the University of Munich in 1927. In 1928, he joined the faculty at the University of Buffalo as an associate professor of biology. In 1930, and for the following 30 years, Dr. Trudel worked in the clinical laboratory of what is now the J. N. Adam Developmental Center, as director. Following his retirement in 1960, he began his 23-year association with Roswell Park. • �BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 35 �Calendar ALL-IMPORTANT ANTIBODIES AND their triple roles as protectors and destroyers of the human body and regulators of the immune response will be the topic of the inth International Convocation on Immunology June 25-28, according to Dr. James F. Mohn. Dr. Mohn is director of the State University at Buffalo's Ernest Witebsky Center for Immunology which sponsors the Convocation held alternate years. Each Convocation focuses upon specific areas of immunology and typically attracts scientists and clinicians from around the world as speakers. Dr. Felix Milgrom, chairman of UB's Department of Microbiology who chairs the current Convocation Committee, notes the upcoming program is designed to be of special interest to clinicians ranging from internists in various subspecialties to surgeons. "The growing information we have on the role of antibodies in health and disease is making it even more important that the practicing physician in the community be aware of the current 'state of the art' and the knowledge research is contributing in this area to clinical medicine;' says Dr. Milgrom. While many of the 50 speakers scheduled for the Convocation are from outside the Buffalo area, Dr. Milgrom proudly points out one-third are local immunologists, many of whom are internationally-known for their contributions to the ongoing study of antibodies. "We have known about antibodies for nearly a century;' Dr. Milgrom notes, "and at the beginning of the immunologic era, it was thought they were always the 'good guys' - the body's specific fighters created by the immune system components to combat those substances which are foreign to the human body!' But later, it was discovered that the so-called "good guys" could and indeed did have a darker side to their personality which contributed to the 36 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN immunopathology of hypersensitivity reactions and also autoimmune disease . And just as the scientific and medical communities had adjusted themselves to believing antibodies could be beneficial or harmful, it was discovered that antibodies had yet a third role - that of regulators of cellular and humoral immune response. "We feel the time is ripe as we approach the 100th anniversary of the discovery of antibodies, that it is only appropriate that the Ninth Convocation be dedicated to this important topic," Dr. Milgrom explains. Important developments in antibody research which will be addressed at the Convocation include genetic coding of antibody formation and the technological advances in monoclonal antibody production which now make it possible to use antibodies in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. "Our ability to now produce large amounts of monoclonal antibodies in the laboratory has been one of the greatest discoveries in medicine;' Dr. Milgrom emphasizes. Specific antibodies thus produced can not only be used to change regulatory status of the host but also be employed as "magic bullets" against disease by adding to them isotopes or other drugs. In leukemia, where therapy often depends upon knowing the type of lymphocyte involved, monoclonal antibodies can be used as detectives. "Neither will the harmful aspects of the antibody be ignored at the Convocation;' says Dr. Milgrom, "for Buffalo scientists pioneered work in the 1950s in the study of the pathological role of antibodies in diseases such as thyroiditis;' he adds. Among the local speakers will be internationally-known allergists Drs. Elliott Middleton, Elliot F. Ellis and Robert Reisman; Dr. J. Craig Venter, who with his wife, Dr. Claire Fraser, were the first to identify existence of autoan- tibodies to Beta-adrenergic receptors; Dr. Guiseppe Andres, a pioneer in the role of antibody and kidney disease; Dr. Philip T. LoVerde, who with Dr. David Rekosh, is currently attempting to develop a vaccine against certain parasitic infections, and Dr. Pearar L. Ogra, widely known for his work in pediatric virology, notably Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Others from UB set to speak include Dr. Mohn, a well-known immunohematologist and director of the Ernest Witebsky Center for Immunology who will discuss passive vaccination and serotherapy; Dr. Milgrom, a long-time researcher in the field of tissue immunology and transplantation on the subject of antibodies in xeno-and allograft destruction; Dr. Carel J. van Oss, who will discuss physicochemical properties of antibody-antigen interactions; Dr. Marek Zaleski on the role of class I and II MHC molecules in the antibody response to Thy-1 antigens; Dr. C. john Abeyounis, on antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen; and Dr. john H. Kite Jr., on autoantibodies in spontaneous animal autoimmune diseases. Also: Dr. Ernst H. Beutner, known for his pioneering work in the role of antibody and various skin disorders; Dr. Heinz Kohler on hierarchical organization of idiotypic interactions; Dr. Evan Calkins on antibodies in aging; Dr. Richard Bankert on monoclonal antibodies in treatment of cancer and Dr. Boris Albini on identification of antigen 1n 1mmune complexes. Among out-of-town speakers will be Dr. Frank J. Dixon from Scripp Clinic on immune complex diseases; obel Prize winner Dr. Baruj Benacerraf on genetic control of antibody response; Dr. Bernard Amos of Duke University, a world-leading authority on antibodies in tumor immunology; Dr. P.L. Mollison, London, on removal of transfused blood cells; Dr. Paul I. Terasaki, Los Angeles, one of the world's leading specialists on HLA antigens and their application - medically and legally - in cases to determine parenthood; Dr. Kimishige Ishizaka, Baltimore, discoverer of IgE and its role in hypersensitivity; Dr. Rune Grubb, Lund (Sweden) on antibodies to gamma globulin, and Dr. Macklin McCarthy, Rockefeller Institute, one of the discoverers of the genetic role of DNA who will discuss antibodies in bacterial and fungal infections. Members of the Convocation committee are Drs. Abeyounis, Albini, Andres, Kite, Milgrom, Mohn, and van Oss. Information and registra tion inquiries should be addressed to Dr. Mohn at the Ernest Witebsky Center for Immunology, 210 Sherman Hall, State University of New York at Buffalo, Main Street Campus, Buffalo, N.Y. 14214. • ONCOLOGY SEMINARS • Thursday, April 12, 1984, "Tumors Involving the Skin," Dr. Ole Haltermann; Saturday, May 12, 1984, "Molecular Biology and Its Relevance to the Treatment of Colon Cancer," Dr. Arnold Mittelman. Each of the programs will be held at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm Street, Buffalo, NY 14263. Fee for each: $45 for physicians; $15 for residents and allied health professionals; no fee for students. Pre-registration encouraged. Contact person: Gayle Bersani, R. ., cancer control coordinator, (716) 845-4406. • THE FOURTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT ADVANCES IN PEDIATRIC LUNG DISEASES • March 16-18, 1984. Sarasota Hyatt House, Sarasota, Florida. Chaired by Gerd J.A. Cropp, M.D., Ph.D. Sponsored by the UB Office of Continuing Medical Education (1984 Program Series) and the Department of Pediatrics ofUR..::._ ,he University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida. Credit Hours: 20. Fee: $275.00 for Physicians in Practice, $15o".OO for Allied Health Professionals. Contact Rayna �Dutton, CME Coordinator, (collect) 716-878-7630/7640, Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant St., Buffalo, NY 14222. MEDICAL ALUMNI REUNION • Saturday, May 5, 1984 v scientific sessions v Stockton Kimball Luncheon v spouses program v bus tour of the campus "" individual class parties Watch your mail for more detailed information from your class chairperson. TWO ADMINISTRATIVE PSYCHIATRY COURSES • to prepare candidates for the American Psychiatric Association examination in administrative psychiatry, will be offered this spring: March 28-31, 1984 in Dayton, Ohio by the Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dr. Paul Rosenhauser, (513) 276-5233; and May 5-6, 1984 at the APA annual meeting in Los Angeles, Dr. Stuart L. Keill, chair of the APA Committee on Administrative Psychiatry, SU Y Buffalo, 3495 Bailey Ave. , Buffalo, Y 14215. • AN INSTITUTE ON HOSPICE CARE • Presented by Hospice Buffalo, Inc. in cooperation with UB and Buffalo General Hospital. April 26-27, 1984, Hyatt Regency Buffalo, NY. Contact Dr. Robert Milch, Erie County Medical Center, (716) 898-3000. This twoday training institute is designed to provide information about assessment, treatment planning, and strategies for the delivery of care for hospice patients and the role of the family in hospice. As an interdisciplinary institute, the program is directed toward physici<~ns, nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, clergy, volunteers, administrators, and management. Upon completion of the institute, participants will improve their appreciation for and understanding of the hospice philosophy; need for home care and inpatient services; need for and contributions of the various services offered by a hospice program; value of transdisciplinary treatment, planning, and delivery; various strategies for the delivery of care. ----- -------------------------------------------------------------I II BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. 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Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1984 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c02dbf59fd913fd721bbf9087f8512b2.pdf 10981e410638cdce7a3f11f235f40f06 PDF Text Text �A "California connection" has been established between the Universitv at Buffulo and the School of Medicine during the course o(l983. President Steven B. Sample made an extended visit through the state during the spring and hosted meetings with alumni from all schools of the University. The response to his interest in them was enthusiastic. And he and his staff were encouraged to continue such personal contact and dialogue whenever possible. With the cooperation of Mr. James Snvder and the staff of the University at Buffulo Foundation: I was pleased to host a gathering of medical alumni in early November as part of my trip to the American Heart Association meeting in Anaheim. The reception was held in Los Angeles and the response was very gratifying. Alumni and their spouses travelled rather long distances to meet with my wife and me, Mr. Snyder and one of our very distinguished alumni and supporters, Dr. Albert Rekate. The event was indeed fulfilling and just as a similar function in Washington a few years ago indicated, our alumni want to continue to be a part of the scene in Buffalo no matter how fur removed thev are. A second ele~ent of the "Califi:>mia connection" resulted from President Sample's earlier \·isit. Frederick and Sorrel Booke, sons of a medical school alumnus and former practicing physician in Buffulo, renewed their acquaintance in Buffulo. Sorrel is better recognized as Boss Hogg of the Dukes of Hazzard television series. Since that time, the Bookc brothers have visited Buffalo, at which time a reception was held in their honor with members of their immediate and extended fumilies. As you will sec in future pages ofThe Buffulo Physician, they have established a scholarship fund in memory of their beloved fumilv. During the coming months' and years, the fuculty, my staff-and I will do all that we can to develop other "California connections" with our Ioval and dedicated alumni through the State of ew York and the country. Should alumni be interested in alerting us to possibilities which would serve to fucilitate such activities, please feel free to contact Mr. James Snyder of the UB Foundation or me directly. - j ohn Nattghum, M. D. �Contents Mitchell I. Rubin • Dr. Rubin recalls the development of UB's 2 Department of Pediatrics in the first part of a two-part series. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STAFF Executive Editor, University Publications Robert T. Marlett Art Director Rebecca Bernstein Medical School Editor Bruce S. Kershner Photography Jim Sulley David S. Ottavio Ed Nowak ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. Maggie Wright Ms. Rita Wolff father figure, role model • Former associates pay tribute 7 toMentor, Dr. Rubin at special " Recognition Day." Low Infant Birth Weight • Although infant mortality has decling ed, this closely associated problem remains a serious threat to newborns. UB Research Increasing • In spite of a two-year decline since g the peak reached in 1980, official projections see a dramatic increase in new grant monies in 1984. 11 Quadriplegic Index • Test measures almost imperceptible changes signalling improvement in quadriplegic patients. 13 Spinal Cord Injuries • State-of-the-art techniques offer hope for treatment and management of these injuries. 14 Research • Photoradiation therapy proves to be a workable idea. A vaccine for schistosomiasis may be developed . Hard-driving workaholics appear to have lower risk for high blood pressure unless the problem runs in their families . 17 Hospitals • Carl Granger, new head of rehabilitation medicine at Buffalo General, arrives at a time of change . Sr. Mary Charles leaves Sisters. Military helicopters speed trauma injury victims to ECMC. ECMC installs fourth generation CT scanner. 20 Medical School News • 200 relatives attend Family Weekend .) HIDI ready to begin operations. House staff association serves residents . 22 Students • Jim Bentley's quadracycle turns heads. Class of 1987 arrives. Awards and honors. TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson, director, in association with the School of Medicine, State University of New )t)rk at Buffalo 25 Book Review • " The Youngest Science " by Lewis Thomas . People • John H. Talbott , a traveling , skiing editor. Other news 28 about people you know. 32 Alumni • Spring Clinical Day set for May 5, 1984. Classnotes • Kevin N. O'Gorman blends clinic and farm . News 33 of the classes . 34 Deaths • 36 Calendar • Cover Art: Kathy Mollk THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN , (USPS 551 -860) December 1983 - Volume 17, Number 4 publ ished five times annually: February, May, July, September, December- by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. ��By Ronald Elmer Batt, M.D. Class of '58 EDITOR)S NaFE: This is Part I of a two-part article. The concluding portion will appear in the next issue ofthe Physician. T he Medical Department of the University of Buffalo was organized on August 25, 1846, under the leadership of eractitioner-professors- a tradition which persisted in Buffalo until World War II. Late in the 19th century, Johns Hopkins Medical School was founded on the German model with academic-professors at the head of the clinical and basic science departments. Johns Hopkins University set a new standard and established a tradition of medical education to be emulated by the other medical schools in this countrv. Within the Department of Pediatrics at Buffalo, t11e pra~titioner-professor traditi<;m evolved slowly, methodically and deltberately mto the full-time academic professor tradttion. DeWitt Sherman was professor of pediatrics at the University and ch~e~ of pediatrics_ at Buffalo Chilcfren's Hospital. Sherman chose Wtlltam Orr as_ hts su~cess~x an~ suggested ~e take a fellowship at Johns Hopkms Umversttv. Wtth the backmg of DeWitt Sherman, Orr welcome_d a1_1ybocfy who would contnbute to elevating the cahber of pedtatncs at the Buffalo Children's Hospital. D:. Orr brought _Wtlmot Jacobsen from Johns Hopkins to orgamze the outpatient department. Dr. Orr organized four pedatric divisions, each of which rotated on-service three months each year: (1) Orr and Cramer, (2) Jacobsen and Downey, (3) Bender and Stettenbenz, and (4) Israel and Fisher. He worked closely with Douglas Arnold who introduced weekly grand rounds to the hospital. He sent David Weintraub to johns Hopkins and welcomed Edward Bridges from Hopkins to develop the biochemistry laboratory. To round out the picture, Wilber Fisher had trained at Hopkins and Francis Goldsborough had trained under]. Whitridge Williams at Johns Hopkins. Complementing this strong Johns Hopkins tradition was the direct German full-time tradition: Dr. Kornel Terplan from Prague in pathology and Dr. Erwin eter from Heidelberg in bacteriology. By the end ofWorld War II there was assembled the critical mass of talent needed to introduce the academic-professor tradition into the Department of Pediatrics. Dr. Mitchell Rubin was called to Buffalo as the first full-time professor and chairman of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Buffalo and pediatncian-in-chief of Buffalo Children's Hospital. Dr. Rubin develc:_:>ped and led the Department of Pediatrics to national prommence. This oral history memoir was developed with Dr. Rubin in February 1977 as part of a long term study of the history of medicine in Western ew York. The interviews were conducted by telephone between Buffalo and Charleston, S.C., and recorded with the permission of Dr. Rubin. PHOTO: JIM SULLEY �>w -' -' ::::> en :::; --, ~ 0 I c.. BUILDING A DEPARTMENT. Question : Dr. Rubin, when '\'Ott a~·riJ>ed in 1945, was Pediatrics prima~i~v a clinical department? Dr. Rubin : Yes. The full time people were in Pathology, Biochemistry, Bacteriology, and Radiology. Dr. Tcrplan was not full time at Children's Hospital for he was also Chairman of the Department of Pathology at the medical school and pathologist at Buffalo General Hospital. Question : Dr. IUtbin, when you de~•eloped the department at Buffalo Cbildren's Hospital, dtd you have in mi~td a model ftvm an_v place thnt you had trained? ''When I first got there, the lflajor effort was to develop a departlflent that had research going on and to attract young academicians to the program.'' 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Rubin: Yes. I guess the model was Johns Hopkins where I spent more than three vcars. It was then called the Harriet Lane Home, which was the Department of Pediatrics of the Johns Hopkins Medical School. I would guess our department was fushioned more after that image. I spent much time in the Out-Patient Department there; I was assistant head of it for one year, then ran it for one year and became quite responsible for a good part of the teaching. I think that was the image I had. And by the way, it is an image that I still carry with me. It is a good one. &search was always an important consideration, but so was academic excellence. When you studied a patient, you were supposed to know as much about him as one could know, whether it took going to the library or going to the laboratory or calling for information from anv source. Dr. Park, our chief, had a wav o(calling around the country or around th~ world to anybody who might have had some special knowledge in this particular field. It was always a very broad look at patients. Question: During your aetiJ>e years in Btt/fo.lo, ifyou take resemr:h, teaching and adminislreltion which were pmbab~v )'Ottr tln-ee major commitments, mnv I ask how wu divided wmr time among them?. . • Dr. Rubin: When I first got there, of course, the major effort was to try to develop a department that had more research going on and to .1ttract young academicians to the program. I think for the first few years more emphasis was spent on developing an academic orientation, increasing the amount of biochemical studies done on patients, relating the clinical work to x-ray, to pathology, .md to b.Kteriology. In the overall, I think the first part was mostly administrative re-organization of the department. You don't do these things alone. Dr. Douglas Arnold, who was then head of the Department of Pediatrics at the Children's Hospital, ;md William Orr who was professor of pediatrics in the Department at the Medical School, both gave up their positions when I came and the two positions were combined into one position for me. Dr. A. Wilmot Jacobsen resigned his position as head of the· Out-Patient Department. I would say the trio of them were tremen- dously supportive of what we were trying to do - trying to develop a more academic orientation in the Department of Pediatrics. These men were most helpful, and I think it was unusual. They were still in their prime of life, and yet willing to give up the status that thev had and turn it over to me. We could n~t have developed the Department of Pediatrics without their support and their willingness to give up their positions. We kept a pretty good balance among the group of us. At the same time, we had responsibility to teach. We developed all kinds of programs in the Out-Patient Department and we brought in specialists in various fields of pediatrics, such as endocrinology, biochemistry and hematology, and specialty laboratories were developed to support such programs. Of course., we subsequently attracted other specialists for the various specialties in pediatrics. If we were going to teach contemporary medicine we had to have people who were working especially in these areas. And a lot of time was spent in development of these programs. We developed an active research division almost simultaneously. It was quite obvious that this had to go along with the clinical eftort if we ·were going to have an academic department. You had to have a strong research endeavor going on in the department. We fortunately attracted people who were qualified to do first rate research, biochemical, immunologic, bacteriorlogic, hematological and other research. Finally all specialty fields in pediatrics were covered. Cardiology was a most active division under Dr. Lambert. We obtained a very large grant to start the genetics progam. Over the years, most aspects of pediatrics were developed as clinical programs, combined with research endeavor. Child psychiatry became an important program . We had a rather interesting opportunity at the Bulfulo Children's Hospital. New York State set up a program where patients could be referred to a "Center" by a private physician for consultation and thev enumerated the diseases they were willing to support: chronic kidnev disease, cvstic fibrosis of the pancreas, jm·ei1ile diabetes mellitus, chronic blood dvscrasias and "intractable" asthma2 . They w~uld pay for the hospital visit and laboratory work. A progr.1m was set up where the physician who referred the patient would come in with the patient, help study that patient .md receive some proportion of the fee. When the patient went back to the doctor's pri\'ate ofticc, after being studied and rdetTed back to him , he would be repaid by the state for the visits. \Ve worked in a very close relationship with the practitioners in the communitv. I think at the ve~·. earlv.. staaes b , the pediatricians in the communitv were made welcome. Several had been on the hospital staffbefore I arrived. Those who wanted to work and were qualified to work came in to work and teach with us. Finallv, over the years when any of the full-time fuculty were �on ward service, there was always somebodv in pri,·ate practice on with th~m. When ·I went on service at two month intervals, someone was on with me. This was true with every person in the department. Thus the men in practice were given an integral part of the teaching. Many of them became involved in research and they attended the clinics in the Out-Patient Department, developing specialty skills. They had conferences there long before I arrived on the scene. We finally got the conferences set up twice a week and it was amazing how many of the pediatricians came, even though it was in the middle of the morning and certainly must have interfered with their practice to some extent. I think we had a very good relationship with the pediatricians in the community. When I first got to Buffalo, there must have been eight or nine or maybe ten pediatricians in the community. Though the Meyer (now Erie County Medical Center) trained some, I would think until 1972 or so, the vast majority who were practicing were trained at the Children's Hospital. I think certainly, nw interest was to be sure we n~t only ·did 'good pediatrics in the hospital but we were able to improve the pediatric care of the community. That was part of our philosophy. Question: During your temm:, what was the association - fimnal or info1·111al - between the M0•er mzd Children's Hospitals? Dr. Rubin: Actually the Medical School was not at that time en.tirely responsible for the services at the Meyer. The Pediatric Department was primarily at the Children's. But we did send some students to the Meyer. And finally I used to come over and m~ke rounds at· 'rhe Meyer, as well as at the Children's, as chairman of the Pediatric Department. The Department of Pediatrics at the Mever then became much more intimatelv r~latcd to the total pediatric program of the Department of Pediatrics, although I think they taught students there long before I got there. But it was almost separated from the Children's Hospital, as if they were entirely different divisions of the school. Later, it was combined into a single division of the school, although Gustina was still head at the Meyer, then finally, Tom Bumbalo. Question: Did )'Ott ha!'e am association with the Well-Baby ciinics around the city? Dr. Rubin: Yes. Dr. Douglas Arnold was a strong supporter of the program. He was a consultant to the Department of Health for their well-baby clinics. He knew that I wanted to do some reaching there, so when he retired after I was in Buffulo for four or five years, he had me appointed consultant. We set up one-way vision screens for teaching new-born care. Finally, we had a one-way screen at the Hospital itself where I did interviews with the mothers and had a resident do the examination of the babies. On the other side of the screen we had medical students, residents, and public health nurses. They could sec and hear what was going on. And after we finished the care of the baby, regular well-baby care, we had coffee and cookies and sat around and discussed what we had observed - what we thought went wrong, and what we thought was needed to be done to help the fumily of this child. We spent a lot of time actually. We met once a week in this well-babv ~linic program. We finally had a psychologi;t and a psychiatrist sitting in on the interviews. Question: Was pediatric surgn;•a subspecialty ofgeneral surgery befon: ;'fott came? Dr. Rubin : There were no so-called "pediatric surgeons." There were several good general surgeons, mostly !Tom the Buffalo General Hospital, none who specialized exclusively in pediatrics. Dr. Ted Jewett was the first person at the Children's Hospital actually trained in pediatric surgery. For heart surgery the children were sent out of town. Question: Pediatric cardiac sttrgCI)', how was that initiated at Children's Hospital? Dr. Rubin: Ed Lambert was our pediatric cardiologist. Ed Lambert was first trained with us as a pediatric resident and I recommended that he go to Johns Hopkins to be trained by Helen Taussig, who helped Blalock design a major surgical operation for correction of a heart defect. Dr. Taussig was a house officer at Hopkins when I was there. We were good friends and have remained so ever since. Ed Lambert then came to But: fulo to head the Cardiac Department and strongly believed that if we were going to do major pediatric cardiac surgery, we ought to bring a pediatric cardiac surgeon to the hospital. I think success in this matter is due to Ed Lambert. He fought to bring Subramanian on. That division of the hospital has just blossomed. They have patients sent to them !Tom Hopkins and other major centers. As the surgical program expanded, Dr. Jewett brought Dr. Allen on as an associate, also a pediatric cardiac surgeon. The private surgeons do neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, orthopaedics, urology and general surgery, but I would sav that the major cardiac and the major complicated surgery such as esophageal fistulas and things ofthat sort arc done primarily by Jewett, Allen and Subramanian. I may have unintentionally omitted some surgic~ specialties, but almo;t all, if not all, branches of surgery arc represented, and competently. Question: Mav I ask wu about the Collabomtive Perinatal Stttd._v·of the National Institute ofNeurological Diseases and Stroke which was conducted between 1959 and 1965? Dr. Rubin: We developed a large program set up by the federal government where 13 universities received a grant to study the obstetrical fuctors related to child development. By the rime I left Buffulo, the program had been going on for six or seven years. Actually these children were studied from conception because certain obstetricians were involved in the study with us. They were studying the prenatal ~spccts and delivcn•. These children were followed ven• carefully by pediatric psychological an~i neurological examination. We had an intimate relationship with obstetrics with this srudy.3 Othenvise it was our responsibility to care for the children. We dc,·eloped a good sized premature unit under Dr. Weintraub. I think that was an important development, enabling us to do a much better job caring for the immature infunt. Question: Ofthe papn·s or books wu wrote, do haPe a fin•mite? )'Ott Dr. Rubin: I published a book in 1975, Pediatric Nephrowg:f. That book is just being translated into Spanish . I would guess that was my major effort. The best work I did was probably with Erika Bruck :md Philip Calcagno. With Erica Bruck we did studies on kidney functional disorders in various renal dise~ses. We also did a studv on the development of kidney fi.mction i;1 the young inf.1nt, which data was used by Homer Smith in his publications. I must sav, I could not sav thev were all mv ideas because they we~e just as much the ;deas of Erika Bruck and Philip Calcagno as mine. Calcagno and I later published several papers on the physiologic capacity of the kidney in early infancy and the premature bab~·, and the eftcct of various stress situations in babies as the kidney responded to stress of water depletion and various diets. Dr. Erwin Neter and I were also involved in investigative studies which were published. What research I did was alwavs with somebodv else. I needed somebody. who could spe1;d more time in the laboraton• than I could. I had the good fortune ofha,·ing good people around who were willing to work with me. Finally, one of the journals published a Festschrift for me when I retired !Tom the chairmanship of the department at BuffuJoS. A lot of nw old associates came back for a meeting ar' the Children's Hospital at this time. Their presentations formed the basis for the Festschrift. After being chairman, I stayed on for fi,·e years longer as fi.1U professor and then I was made professor emeritus when I fullv retired from SUNY and left Buffulo. · EDUCATION OF A CHAIRMAN. Question: Dr. Rubin, when: did you go to school? How did )'Oit get interested in medicine? Tell me about your career fivm the first you became interested in medicine right through coming to Bu.ffiw? Dr. Rubin: I got interested in medicine through the doctor who delivered me as a baby. He was, subsequently, chairman of the Department of Surgery in our medical school here in Charleston . I worked from high school on until I got to medical school. I did some work outside BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �''Dr Edward Park taught 111e the broad view of what health was about, how one looked at a health proble111, and how · one looked at a child. 11 6 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN of medical school to help make enough funds to continue my education. I went to the College of Charl~ston, which has now become a much larger school than when I went there. It is now over 200 years old, one ofthe 13 early colleges in this ~ountry. The basic science program then was very elementary but it was a great school for English, literature, languages and history. From the college, I went to medical school where I had a Governor's Scholarship. In my senior year at medical school I had an internship at the Catholic hospital in town, the St. Francis Hospital. They were allowed to have senior students as interns. I graduated in 1925 from medical school and interned in the large community hospital used by the medical school, the Roper Hospital. From there I went to spend a year of internship in the Philadelphia Children's Hospital. Then I spent a few months in New York at the Willard ·Parker Hospital which was a contagious disease hospital. They had no contagious diseases at the Philadelphia Children's Hospital. I spent the next year working with Dr. Brennemann at the Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago. In those days, one moved around from hospital to hospital, depending on what the emphasis of the different hospitals was in pediatrics. And, afi:er that, I spent a period of residency with Dr. Marriott at the St. Louis Chil~iren 's Hospital. Dr. Marriott's program had emphasis on the biochemical aspects of pediatric disorders. Dr. Hartmann was there. From there I went as resident at the J()hns Hopkins Hospital Department of Pediatrics uncter Dr. Edwards Park for about six months. 1 was made an instructor in pediatrics, first as assistant-in-charge of the Out-Patient Department, then the following ye.1r, in charge of the Out-Patient Department. I was asked to stay on, but l was offered a faculty position at the niversity of Pennsylvania in the Department of Pediatrics, so l went to Philadelphia. There I did a small amount of private practice. Howe,·er, most of my time was spent at the Children's Hospital, fiiully as an .1ssoci.1te professor. In 1945, l moved on to Buffalo as chairman of the Department of Pediatrics at the Universitv ofBuff.1lo, later the State University ofNe~,. \lxk at Buffalo, and pedianici.min-chief at the Buffalo Children's Hospital. l remained there until 1972. At retirement l came to Charleston, S.C., back to mv old medical school as consultant in pediatrics, primarily in nephrology, where l still am. In the early days of my tr.1ining, l spent a couple of months at Harv.1rd one summer working in the biochemistry laboratory of Dr. Foline, one of the great physiological chemists of the dav. Subsequently, I spent a summer at Vanderbilt University working in tissue culture studies. \\'hile at Hopkins, I spent some time working in the division of anatomy studying tissue culture. I would guess that most of my research afi:er getting back to Philadelphia and then moving on to Buffalo has been in the field of renal diseases in children. I published works with a very able young man in Philadelphia, Milton Rapaport, and then with Erika Bruck who is still at the Children's Hospital in Buffalo, then finally with Dr. Philip Calcagno. Question: Mav I take wu back to vour training yean? Could you si1/g!e out people who bad a ntal influence on your thinking - the Jllay you approached teaching, research or administration? Dr. Rubin : I can tell you a little bit about that. I would guess tl~ere were at least two persons whom I thought were the greatest clinical teachers I worked with. One was Dr. Edwards Park, who was chairman of the Department at Hopkins, a very distinguished person, a great teacher, a man of great humility who was also a distinguished in\'estigator. I guess what I got from him was the importance of thoroughness. And also, the importance of, as he would say, "looking things up" - reading, going to the laboratory to work something out, going to the library for studY. He would send you around the big morass of the Hopkins Medical School to this f.Ktilty member or that fucultv member to talk wi.th him about some clini~al or research problem that you may have had. I think he was the man that l Wt)uld sav turned me on for what little that l .1m. He turned one on in the broad look of what health was about - how one looked at a health problem, how one looked at a child. The second person that I think was a great intluence in my clinical development was Dr. Joseph Brennemann who edited a multiauthored text entitled B1·emuman's Pediatricfo. In his dav, this was sort of the bible of pediatrics, i~ addition to Holt and Howland7. Brennemann was a distinguished clinician chief at the Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago. He had been an English teacher and if you split an inflniti,·e, that was .1lmost as bad as making .1 misdiagnosis. Every little nuance of the patient he saw and understood .1nd would comment about. Thev were nw two great clinical teachers. · . l guess my research interests prob.1blv started with Dr. Hartmann, the man who de,·eloped Hartmann's solution at the Children's Hospital in St. Louis .1t Washington University. In Get, I went back to gi,·e the first Hartmann Lecture several years later which made me ted ,·cry proud. Later, I began doing laboratory work .1t Hopkins under the direction of Dr. Emmett Holt. He was the head of research in the Department of Pediatrics at Hopkins. I think he played a good part in encouraging m\' research dlorts. l .1lso worked with Dr. V\rlrren Lewis, a distinguished anatomist in\'Olved in tissue culture studies. I spent almost a vea1~ half-time, in his laboratorv. I was in charge of the Out-Patient Dep-artment in the afternoons and, in the mornings l worked with Dr. Lewis. I think Drs. Park and Brennemann were �important as clinical teachers while Hartmann, Warren Lewis and Emmett Holt were important as investigative teachers for me. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NOTES 1. Personal interviews bv the author: Norman Bender 10-8-76. Edward Bridge 4-18-77. Thomas Bumbalo 3-3-74. Wilber Fisher 5-23-77. Francis Gustina 10-5-74. A. Wilmot Jacobsen 10-26-75. Erwin eter 10-25-75. Mitchell Rubin 2-15-77. Korncl Terplan 2-3-74. David Weintraub 6-14-78. Frederick Wilkes 5-23-77. 2. Letter from Erika Bruck dated 16 November 1978. "Expanded State Aid for handicapped children has been in force since 1964 or '65. The following diseases arc covered: chronic kidncv disease, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, juvenile diabetes mellitus, chronic blood dvscrasias and 'intractable' asthma. For e~ch of the first four conditions there has been a center at the Children's Hospital since 1965, under a designated specialist active as Center Director, with a specialty out-patient clinic as well as in-patient services. For intractable asthma, we did not have a center as long as we did not have a fi.JIJ-timc allergist- The Children's Hospital also has been a regional referral center for premature infunts since 1948, under a similar State Aid program- Mitchell Rubin, Charles Lowe and I testified to members of the N.Y. State Assemblv in 1964 in preparation for establishmen-t of this program." Mentor, father figure, role model Dr. Rubin hailed as each of these and more ''M By Bruce S. Kershner ent01; futher figure, inspiring teacher and outstanding physician whose creed was that 'all children are created equal.' " These were some of the words used to describe Dr. Mitchell I. Rubin, the man who propelled the University's Pediatrics Department and the Children's Hospital to national prominence after 1945. A day of honoring ceremonies and scientific sessions marked Friday, October 7, as "Dr. Mitchell I. Rubin Recognition Day," held at Children's Hospital and the Marriott Hotel. Dr. Rubin came to the University in 1945 as the first full-time professor and chairman of the Department of Pediatrics. He arrived at a time when the medical school was gradually shifting from the old practitioner-professor tradition, which emphasized hospital patient diagnosis and treatment, to the modern academic professor tradition, which emphasizes medical research and teaching as well. Dr. Rubin modeled the Pediatrics Department after the academicoriented program ofJohns Hopkins, where he had previously spent more than three vears. It was his academic and research-oriented approach that led him to upgrade the Medical School's Pediatrics Department. Dr. Rubin, in his gentle but persuasive way, managed to attract a host of fine physicians to the University, covering every specialty of pediatrics. He developed numerous programs and special laboratories. The rehabilitation clinic he established was the first in Buffillo and the second in the nation. At the same time, he helped develop an active program of research, which established a prolific record of publications. -' ~ c:: en 0 :r en zw ·3. Collaborative Perinatal Study ofthe National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke 1959-1965. Pediatricians in charge: Donal Dunphy, Milton Westphal and Harry Beirne. Participating obstetricians: Richard Baetz, Donald Hall, Harry LaForge, Craig Benjamin, Mel James, Maurice Dewev, Theodore Schulman, Robert Patters~n, Louis Privitera, and Kenneth Niswander. The data was published in: iswander, K. and Gordon, M.: Women and Their Preg11a11cies. (Saunders) 1972. a: 0 -' I: (.) 0 f- 0 :r a. 4. Mitchell I. Rubin. ed. Pediatric Neplnv/qr)• (Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins) 1975. 5. Sherman Little, "Mitchell Irving Rubin, An Appreciation," Am&~: J. Dis. Childrm 115: 117-121,1968. "The program of teaching in the medical school was the result of his ability to organize and integrate into an eflC::cti\·e unit the activities of the \'Oiuntarv and the full-time staffs. Repeatedly thi~ program was voted by students to be the best in the medical school." 6. Joseph Brennemann, ed. Pmcticc of Pedianus (Hagerstown: WF Prior) 1937. 7. Luther Emmet Holt, ed. Diseases of Injimcy a11d Childhood ( ew York: Appleton 9th ed .) 1926. But it was not his accomplishments in research or administration that endeared him most to people. His former students and associates, many now in prominent positions throughout the world, remember him as being dedicated, pressing them to the limits of their ability - and very caring. This is evident from the fuct that they came from 15 cities to honor him this full, including Minneapolis, St. Louis, ashville, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, Washington, D.C., and cities in North and South Carolina. His attentive and reassuring bedside manner was no less memorable to the children he treated . As a pediatrician, he practiced the "whole approach" to the child. He investigated not just the child's physical problems but also the child's emotional state and Dr. Rubin (left} and the late Dr. Erwin Neter at Mitchell I. Rubin Recognition Dav. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 1 �(LettJ Dr. PhiliP calcagno catted Dr. Rubin the "Father ot modern nephrology. " (RightJ Dr. Charles R. warner (at rtghtJ, namesake ot Children's Hospital's rehab center, at Rubin event. relationship to parents. He was known to call around the world to Hospital; and Dr. Margaret MacGillvray, professor of pediatrics. anybody who had some special knowlcd!?c in a particular field. Earher 111 the day, a scientific session was held in Children's "We had a patient with mcmngltls, a disease With extremely unHospital. The six distinguished speakers were all former residents complicated symptoms," Dr. Thomas Aceto, Jr., now at Sc Lollis or associates of Dr. Rubin. Dr. Thomas Aceto spoke on "Doctor University, relates. "Well Into the second week of Illness, this child Shopping with a Child as Proxy Patient," which described how the continued to have fever and act very irritable. The attending docreasons for unsuccessfi.II treatment of child patients with complicated tors couldn't find the cause. We then asked Dr. Rubin to sec the symptoms and multiple ailments can sometimes be traced to emopatient in consultation. For some minutes, Mitchell stood quietly tionally and psychologically disturbed parents. The behavior and at the bedside and watched the child. He then asked 'Why docs hypochondria of such parents may not only induce psychosomatic he hesitate to move the right leg? Isn't that knee a bit swollen?' These diseases in the child but may actually hamper proper treatment were hitherto unobserved symptoms. The next day, the ward team through irrational distrust of doctors. Dr. Aceto was a UB faculty presented the finctii~gs to Dr. Erika ~ruck, who gently chided, 'Please, member in the 1970s. · do not present patients m my serviCe to Dr. Rubm before you pre"Curing Children with Leukemia" was the topic of Dr. Donald sent them to me. He always finds somethmg other pectiatnClans have Pinkcl (MD'S!), former UB faculty member now with Temple missed.' It turns out that this patient had a second disease University. He reviewed the history of breakthroughs in treating acute neuroblastoma.'' lymphocytic leukemia to the present day, where up to 50 per cent Fifty-eight years after graduating from the Medical School of the of leukemia patients can now be cured with different systems of University of Charleston, South Carolma, Dr. Rubm serves as conchemotherapy. · sulting p~diatrician at his alma mater. Fittingly, he became interested In a presentation entitled, "Appearances and Realities," National in medicine and pediatrics through the very doctor who dchvcred Institutes of Health physician Dr. Charles Lowe reminded the auhim as a baby. While at Johns Hopkins University, he met the man dience of75 that our success in drastically reducing infant mortality who served ;s his role model, Dr. Edwards Park. It was partly durrates should not let us forget another issue: low birth weight, which ing this time that he learned of the importance of the mentor conis responsible for post-neonatal deaths, disease and developmental cept, which worked so well with his students dunng illS 27 years delays in later life. Low birth weight has actually risen slightly since in Buffulo. 1950. Dr. Lowe was a UB professor from 1950 to 1964. Other speakers at the scientific session included Dr. Joseph Bellr. John Naughton, dean of the Medical School, spoke of him anti (MD'SS) and Dr. Philip Calcagno, both of Georgetown Univerin the evening ceremonies. The dean stated that Dr. Rubin helped Sity, and Dr. Jean Cortner of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, fulfill "the need for humanism to balance out the technology" of formerly UB professor and chairman of Pediatrics. modern mecticine, and that he "exemplified excellence in aU its ways." Among the honors to Dr. Rubin, the 8th floor of Children's Dr. Philip Calcagno, former UB associate professor and now a Hospital will be named after him and a lectureship in his name will distinguished physician at Georgetown Um,·ersity, .called Dr. Rubm be established. the "Father of Modern Nephrology" because of his research acDr. Bernard Eisenberg told Dr. Rubin to "look around you and complishments and book Pediatric Nephrowgy. Nephrology is the sec your living legacy in the faces of your students, your pr~grams, study of the kidney and Its diseases. . . . . your department and your hospital." Dr. Rubin worked for many years trymg to establish a uni\'ersity Many of Dr. Rubin's former students arc now, like he was, direchospital on campus and to incorporate the then University of Buftors or chairmen of pediatrics departments around the world, infalo into the SU Y system. His first goal was not successful but, cludmg universities in New Zealand, Israel and Turkey, as well as as the president of the 'Buffulo Pediatric Society, Dr. John R. Warner, Georgetown University, Temple University, the Universities of noted, Dr. Rubin was one of those "mstmmcntai 111 ~hangmg UB Wisconsm, Pcnnsylvama and Michigan, the National Institutes of to SU y by changing it from a small local msmunon to a Health, New England Medical Center and many others. cosmopolitai~ and respectable university and medical school." " Now, ar,~I, Dr. Rubin continues to leave a 'legacy during his Also speaking before the enthusiastic audience of 165 were the retirement 111 Charleston, South Carolina. He is responsible for master of ceremonies Dr. Bernard Eiscnb.crg, chmcal assoCiate procstabhshmg the new Children's Rehabilitation Center in South fessor; Dr. Elliot Ellis, professor and chairman of the r;>cpartment Carolina. And he is the founder of the movement to establish South of Pediatrics; Dr. John R. Jcffnes, president of Children s Hospita!; Carolina's first Children's Hospital, a project that will be completed Dr. David Klein, past president of the mediCal staff at Children s • shortly. D 8 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Low infant birth weight Still a serious threat to newborns T By Bruce S. Kershner he dramatic decline in infant mortalitv has caused the nation's social leaders and medical commumty to overlook the serious and closely associated problem of low infant birth weight. So says Dr. Charles Lowe, distinguished physician at the National Institutes of Health, in a lecture entitled "Appearances and Realities" on October 7 at Children's Hospital. The talk was part of events planned for "Dr. Mitchell I. Rubin Recognition Day" to honor the retired former UB chairman of pediatrics who propelled the Pediatrics Department and Children's Hospital to national prominence after 1945. Dr. Lowe was a professor at UB from 1950 to 1964. Low birth weight not only causes 66 per cent of all infant mortality, but is a serious problem for those inclividuals who survive early infancy. Low birth weight infants who initially sun•i,·e have much higher rates of post-neonatal death, illness and developmental delay in later life. The high infant mortality rate of past decades has been reduced so dramaticallv because of meclical advances in the area of infant care, particularly rc'garding premature infants. However, Dr. Lowe points out, we have been treating the symptom of the problem, infant mortality, and not the cause of the problem, low birth weight. The frequency of low birth weight has not changed in recent decades. In 1950, the frequency oflow birth weight infants was 7.8 per cent, while the 1982 frequency remains virtually the same at 7.9 per cent. The figu~e for the black population is twice as high. Dr. Lowe's aim in his research on the subject was to determine the reason for the continuing high rate oflow birth weight, especially among disadvantaged populations. Extensive data from his study of Washington, D.C. mothers, as well as data from other stuclies, showed surprising results, he said. Such factors as teenage pregnancy, quality of hospital care, the presence of prenatal care outreach programs, marital status, age and education make no difference in the frequency of low birth weight and infant mortality. On the other hand, drug use, alcohol abuse, smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure and other serious medical problems clearly do increase low birth weight, but comprise too small a percentage of the total to explain the current rates. D ata for prenatal care was then evaluated . It is commonly believed that frequent and early initiation of prenatal care will decrease low birth weight and infant mortality. However, a study of 160,000 births in Massachusetts concluded that prenatal care made only a negligible difference; it increased length of pregnancy by only 5 Y, days and birth weight by only 60 grams (1.9 oz .) . Dr. Lowe concludes that prenatal care still makes a real difference in infant health, but that stuclies such as that conducted in Massachusetts have built-in limitations. These limitations prevennhe true effect of prenatal care from becoming apparent or clearly measurable. This is because women who deliver prematurely must, by definition, have fewer prenatal visits to the doctor because of shortened pregnancies. Furthermore, prenatal doctor visits increase in the last month of gestation, something precluded by premature birth. Another reason is that pregnant women who have low prenatal care have higher rates of naturally aborted fetuses. Further complicating the matter is that there is no agreement a~ to what constitutes optimal prenatal care. Any method that will actually improve prenatal c.are, Dr. Lowe emphasizes, should be pursued. But, he adds, the meclical commumty has done just about all it can to deal with the problem. Improving the economic status of minorities and the clisadvantaged will help only to an extent, he feels, because the problem is also a psychosoCial one. He strongly believes that " what is happening among disadvan- Dr. Charles Lowe raged women," with high frequencies of low birth weight "is a lifetime problem and a hfe-style problem that reflects inadequacies in health care, JOb opportunities, nutrition, prenatal care, housing and personal views of the future. This is a social and economic problem, not a medical problem, and 1f we are to deal with it, we must begin early 111 th~ life of women who bear children. We can only accomplish this 1f we 1111t1ate comprehensive social change relating to the poor and disadvantaged." • UB research increasing Dramatic rise predicted for 1984 I By Linda Grace-Kobas n spite of a two-year decline in sponsored research expenclitures since they hit a peak in 1980, official projections foresee a dramatic increase in new grant monies coming to UB in 1984. This increase - expected to be about 27 percent above current figures - will result from the substantially enlarged number of grant proposals sent out by faculty members during the past year, Donald Rennie, vice president for research and graduate studies, told UB Council members in a special report this full. "If we hit the past amount of proposals funded, which is usually around 38 to 40 per cent," Rennie said, " we anticipate a dramatic turnaround in research expenditures." Rennie was optimistic in his presentation to the Council that the current ~ecline in research monies coming to UB will be reversed. He explamed how part of the hoped-for increase will be the result of more proposals being submitted and approved, and part will come from new .metho~s of tabulating the University's research projects. . The v1ce fJres1dent also noted that one of President Sample's pnmary goals IS to put UB among the top 20 research institutions ~n the country. With approximately $25 million in sponsored research 111 1983, however, he pointed out that UB has a long way to go to BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 �attain the $70 to $80 million annually received by the top schools. "There is a large gap in even our most optimistic way of looking at our research figures and our goals," Rennie commented. "Reaching the top 20 will require major changes." Rennie pointed out that UB experienced almost two decades of steady growth in research funds in spite of an equally steady erosion of full-time faculty (see accompanying photo). He emphasized that the figures being used currently in research reports do not include projects being conducted by University faculty at major affiliated hospitals like Roswell Park, Millard Fillmore and Sisters. Including those projects could add approximately $20 million to the 1980 and 1981 research totals, he added. In the future, the Universiry will tally those figures in when determining total research expenditures, Rennie said. He explained later in an interview the reasons that most hospital research figures have not historically been included in Universiry reports : "Prior to my assuming my current position in the Research Office, this office was authorized to deal only with the Research Foundation; this was the narrowest definition of its role. During the past few years, we began to realize that we should be taking credit for grants received t hrough the affiliated h<;>sp1tals, even though the Research Foundation may not be authonzed to act li1 the1r behalf: "We want to include everybody, but there arc practical problems," he added . " There are four or five different business offices through which grants arc negotiated in the various hospitals, and that many accounting systems and ways to determme fiscal years. It takes more coordination than we've been able to effect so fur to get some kind of annual business report from each of them, but we are starting to get that . "It's simply a kind of practical problem that historically we just looked after campus affuirs," he remarked. " ow we have to take a broader view." During the Council meeting, President Sample commented that including the Roswell Park and other hospital grant figures will make UB "comparable to other research universities that have their own teaching hospitals." T he 1980-81 research peak, which was a 10 per cent increase over the previous year, was "regrettably" followed by a steady decline Rennie told the Council. This decline was caused bv two factors:' a large reduction in the amount of federal fi.mds, esp~cially from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and the loss of some research faculty who took their grant monies with them when they left. The Health Sciences account for approximately 60 per cent of research dollars received here, Rennie noted, a percentage that has varied little over the past 20 years. I ati.!ral Sciences and Mathematics receive 19.7 per cent of funds awarded, with Engineering getting 9.1 percent. The 25 departments within the Medical School represent $10,275,355 or 41.4 per cent of the total research dollars expended in 1982-83. The Departments of Physiology, Medicine, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Pediatrics, Social and Preventive Medicine, Pathology and Biophysical Sciences had the greatest amount of research activiry in the Medical School. Physiology comprised the highest total for any department in the entire university. If one adds the estimated research dollars generated directly by the affi liated hospitals, the Medical School and its affiliates could comprise up to two-thirds of total University-related expenditures. Sixty per cent of research support comes from. HHS; the National Science Foundation prov1des 13.2 per cent, w1th other federal agencies - predominantly the Department of Defense- supplying another 13 per cent, &nme reported. . . Even while citing a proposed UB-Calspan JOint research center and the Health Instruments Center being developed, Rennie added " Frankh•, I don' t look to industrial support as being sufficient to ~lose the gap (in reaching the top 20 institutions). I am optimistic that we can increase industry support to five to 10 per cent of the total." In presenting the Council with a list of the top 20 departments getting research grants here (see chart), Rennie noted that nine depart10 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN me~~s arc responsible for 50 per c"ent of University research activity. Th1s mdJCates the magmtude of the selling job we have to do to get the other 70 departments in the University keyed up," he remarked. He sa1d that the Humanities will be represented on the chart next year, in the wake of a $250,000 grant from the ational ~ndowment for the Humanities for a curriculum enrichment proJeCt w1th the Buffulo public schools. Approximately 32 per cent ofUB 's 1 267 fucultv members submitted proposals for research grants in the most re~ent report year, Renme sa1d - rangmg from a high of74 per cent of Natural Sciences faculty to as few as 6 per cent in Arts and Letters and Management . Average research expenditure per FTE faculty was $19,11 7 UB-wide; $11,854 in Academic Affuirs, and $30,857 in Health Sciences. Rennie closed h.is presentation to the Council by emphasizing the importance of mcreasing the research effort. Sample agreed: " It is to everybody's advantage in Buffulo and Western New York that we move to a comprehensive accounting of research expenditures, which are now diffused throughout the community and not as recognized as if we had our own teaching hospital." • DEPARTMENT DISTRIBUTION OF RESEARCH EXPENDITURE 1982-1983 Annual Activity Top Departments (in millions) 1 Physiology (2) 2.6 2 Chemistry (3) 1.9 3 Medicine (1) 1.8 4 Biolog ical Sciences (7) 1.5 5 Oral Biology (4) 1.4 6 Biochemistry (1 2) 1.3 7 Electri cal Engineering (6) 1.1 8 Microbiology (8) .9 9 Ped iatrics (19) .8 10 Pharmaceutics (10) .8 11 Social & Preventive Med . (>20) .7 12 Chemical Engineerin g (>20) .6 13 Geolog ical Sciences (11 ) .6 14 Medicinal Chemistry (1 8) .5 15 Pathology (14) .5 16 Biophys ical Sciences (1 6) .5 17 Physics & Astronomy (>20) .4 18 Psychology (>20) .3 19 Biochemical Pharmacology (>20) .3 20 Mathem atics (>20) .3 Numbers in parentheses indicate rank in 1980. DOLLAR VOLUME OF PROPOSALS 1973-1983 Year 1973 1974 1975 1976 19n 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 Dollar volume 38,587,900 37,722 ,601 43,741,243 52,451,433 52,516,802 50,478,309 64,146,979 66,375,655 70,976,765 67,016,229 85,154,Q84 % Increase (decrease) (8.5)% (2) 16 20 0 (4) 27 4 7 (6) 27 Sources: Budget Office Research Office �New Quadriplegic index () :::; () w Test measures imperceptible change 0 1- 0 T By Mary Beth Spina he ofi:en imperceptible changes signaling improvement in quadriplegic patients can for the first time be measured accurately using a test designed by UB researchers at Eric County Medical Center. Dr. Glen E. Gresham says the assessment, called the Quadriplegic Index of Function (QIF), can be used to plan therapy and other treatment as well as motivate patients for whom disease or injury to the spinal cord has restricted use of all limbs. Before now, says Dr. Gresham, "it's been difficult to assess progress in many quadriplegic patients because such progress typically occurs slowly over long periods of time." Dr. Gresham is professor and chairman of rehabilitation medicine at UB and director of ECMC's Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Spinal Cord Injury Unit. Physicians and other health professionals have long been forced to rely on personal observation to assess quadriplegics' progress, he notes. And these subjective measurements have a high potential for inaccuracy. '·'There's a tendency for professionals to want to see progress which may not in fuct exist - in patients they personally like or to whom they feel close," Dr. Gresham explains. QIF, however, removes such subjective input. Tested with 30 patients at ECMC, QIF has proved a valid, reliable and sensitive instrument. In 20 of these cases, assessments administered by three different evaluators produced essentially similar scores. The test consists of two components. The first lists specific activities grouped under nine categories. Scoring ranges from 0 to 4 with higher numbers indicating greater independence at performing a task. The second component is a questionnaire which assesses the patient's level of understanding concerning personal care. In the first part of the test, the health professional scores the . patient's ability to transfer from one place to another (from wheelchair to bed, for example); his or her independence in grooming, bathing, feeding and dressing activities, attending to toilet needs, and sitting or lying in various positions for long periods; and his or her mobility in a wheelchair. The section on personal care includes questions on skin care, on diet/nutritional needs, on equipment or devices related to care, on symptoms of infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts and those of deep \'ein thrombosis, and on the patient's knowledge of medical and social services available in the community. Patients' total scores mav range from 0 to 100 ~vith higher numbers denoting greater independence and understanding of personal care requirements. A "perfect" score of 100 doesn't mean the patient is no longer disabled or is cured of spinal cord injury, of course. but if total scores increase over several weeks or months, they are reliable indicators of progress. Unlike other areas of m~dicine in. wl~ich pro~~ss is measured in terms of "cure," success 111 rehabilitation med1cme IS ofi:en gauged by barely perceptible improvements. While QIF is reliable, Dr. Gresham notes it may not always reveal true functional abilitv in patients. Some patients do not answer truthfully because or'cmotional problems created by illness or injury. Psychological counseling may be recommended for those who will not attempt to perform tasks physiologically consistent with the1r injury level, he says. D I !c.. r. Gresham says that only in the past 20 years have scientists actively sought to develop more sensitive, reliable methods to reflect levels of improvement among the disabled. "Part of the upsurge in interest," he says, "is a direct result of payment of patients' hospital and support costs by th1rd pames notably Federal and State governments." Those who pay want proof that treatments arc actually uscfi.il in restonng greater 111- Disabled patient exercising at ECMC Spinal Cord unit. dependence through improved function. But, on the other hand, patients with spinal cord injuries who improve enough to return to the workforce ofi:en find themselves in a Catch-22 situation. "Wheelchair-bound patients may require personal care assistants to help them dress, bathe and get to work, but if thev earn more than will allow them to quality for these services, their benefits will be cut," Dr. Gresham points out. Many patients who attempt to work ofi:cn find their incomes are inadequate to pay for necessary attendant care and other special services. Even so, Dr. Gresham emphasizes, it is still important for the patient to aim for the highest levels of independence possible. "It is conceivable that QIF scores may be used as an incentive," he adds. The patient who sees his or her score increase over several weeks or months is more likely to recognize progress gained through therapy which day-by-day might go unnoticed or appear insignificant. For this reason, Dr. Gresham recommends that QIF be taken only once a month. QIF, he notes, is easy to administer, is inexpensive and lends itself readil~' to computerization. Health professionals may obtain necessary matenals for the QIF free of charge from the Spinal Cord Injury Unit, Erie County Medical Center, 462 Grider St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14215. Those also involved in developing and testing QIF include Dr. Mana L.C. Lab1, research associate at UB; Dr. Sharon S. Dittmar, former. Spinal Cord Injury Unit (SCIU) coordinator now head of rehabilitation nursin~ ~t UB; physical therapist John T. Hicks; V!Sitmg urse Assoc1at1on occupational therapist Sandra Z. Joyce and Margaret A. Phillips, former coordinator of the SCIU at ECMC. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 11 ��Spinal cord injuries State-of-art techn iques offer hope S By Bruce s. Kershner tate-of-the-art techniques in the treatment and management ofspinal cord injuries were the topic of the annual meeting of the Inter-Urban Spinal Cord Association September 22-23 at the Grand Island Holiday Inn. Six speakers, including two distinguished lecturers, presented their latest findings to the well-attended audience of 100-150. The meeting was moderated by Dr. Glen Gresham, professor and chairman of Rehabilitation Medicine at UB and director of Erie County Medical Center's (ECMC) Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and its Spinal Cord Injury Unit. One ofthe distinguished lecturers, Dr. Chandler A. Phillips, has developed a computer-controlled system that can enable many paralyzed individuals to stand and walk. Dr. Phillips is deputy director of the ational Center for Rehabilitation Engineering and associate professor of biomedical engineering at Wright State University in Davton, Ohio. ' What makes his system unique is that his device, the size of a camera case, is portable. Dr. Phillips pointed out "these devices arc the only ones in the world. Within ten years, the portable walking systems will be commercially available," and will be in routine use by paraplegics. Dr. Phillips is a member of the team that gained national attention when its computer-controlled system enabled a young paralyzed woman to walk ten feet to the podium to receive her diploma at Wright State's graduation ceremonies. Although the system is perfected for usc now, it will not be available commercially for l 0 vears because safetv tests must be conducted and the U.S. 'Food a1;d Drug Administration must review and approve its use. When it is commercially available, it will be helpful for many but not all paraplegics. It will not be useful to paralyzed individuals with deteriorated muscles or damaged peripheral nerves, for example. Distinguished lecturer, Dr. Allain B. Rossicr, a paraplegic and internationally-known specialist in spinal cord injury from Harvard University Medical School, spoke on "Management of the Neurogenic Bladder in Spinal Cord Injury." He described his new technique in diagnosing the paralyzed bladder, particularly in assessing the area of disturbance in the lower urinary tract that is responsible for improper functioning of the bladder. Micro-tip transducer catheters arc widely used, Dr. Rossicr says, but he has devised a unique type that has multiple transducers mounted in different locations in the lower urinary tract. Applied under sterile conditions, the transducers sinlllltancously and accurately record pressures in the urinary tract. This data enables the user to interpret the response and working relationship of the bladder neck and the urethra to determine why the bladder neck remains closed or open. Only when the source of the bladder dysfunction is known can schemes be devised to treat and manage it. Dr. Rossicr's catheter is the only such device in existence. r. Rossier is also chief of the Spinal Cord Injury Service at West Roxbury VA Medical Center in Boston and reccntlv received the Paralyzed Veterans of America's highest annual award . Speaking on the subject " Management of the RespiratorDependent High Quadriplegic," Dr. Charles Gibson, associate professor and head of the Rehabilitation Medicine Division of University of Rochester, also described a muscle-stimulating device. The phrenic nerve stimulator is a pacemaker-like apparatus that is implanted into the quadriplegic patient to substitute for a respirator. The stimulator can be used onlv for patients with no phrenic nerve damage or certain other respiratory problems. Dr. Gibson elucidated other techniques of respirator management in his lecture. " Radiographic Studies of the Mechanisms of Spinal Cord Injury" was the topic of Dr. George Alker, Jr., climcal professor and acting chaim1an of the UB Radiology Department. He described how, through radiology, he correlates neck injuries and the mechanisms that produce rhem. This he uses to more accurately recognize and diagnose the 111)~1)', and JUSt as Importantly, to prevent injUIJ'· Based on h1s _analys1~, he IS often able to recognize design flaws in a vehicle or 111dustnal environment conducive to causing neck injUI)' . Dr. Alker is also radiologist for ECMC's Spinal Cord Injury Unit. Reviewing the four-year experience of the Spinal Cord Inju;-y Unit from I 979 to 1983, Dr. Edward Stehlik, assistant clinical professor 111 the Departments of Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, spoke on "Diagnosis and Management of the Medical Complications of Spinal Cord InjUIJ'·" Among six complications associated with spinal cord injUI)', pulmonal)' embolism (and associated coronal)' arrest) IS the most. scr~ous. Quadnplcgics and paraplegics arc highly susceptible to this d1sease because their legs can' t be moved during the sp111al shock penod of several months and clotting can result. At the Spinal Cord Injury Unit, where Dr. Stehlik is an intemal medicine consultant, experiments have resulted in highly effective prevention and treatment of both this disease and deep vein thrombosis. T he intermittent external pneumatic compressor, a device which stimulates blood flow: was found to be an excellent preventative for these condltlons. anonwidc, the frequency of pulinonal)' embolism 111 sp111al cord patients IS 80 per cent, while at the Spinal Cord InjUI)' Unit, the frequency has been reduced to 16 per cent. Usc of subcutaneous heparin (5000 units, twice a day) has also been highly successful 111 prcvent111g deep vein thrombosis. Dr. Stehlik explained how a 100 per cent success rate, with no bleedmg, resulted from treatment of pulmonary embolism usincr intravenous heparin. More si~nificantly, the Spinal Cord Injul)' Unit achieved_ e~cellent results _us111g streptokinase to treat pulmonary embolism; It Is the only fucihty 111 the nation that has tried this method Hydralazine (20 mg. IM) received a good response in treating autoi!Omic hyperreflex, Dr. Stehlik reported . This is a syndrome associated with spmal cord patients in which the bladder or bowel becomes distended, increasing blood pressure and reducing pulse. The Inter-Urban Sp111alCord Association comprises physicians and other health and soCial serviCe professionals from Buffulo, Rochester and Syracuse, as well as ftom the Canadian cities ofToronto Hamilton, Kingston, London, Ottawa and Montreal. ~ D Quadriplegic student pedals stationary bicycle with aid of programmed electrical sUmulaUon-computertzed feedback system. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �Photoradiation therapy An 'elegant' idea proves workable T en years ago, Dr. Thomas J. Dougherty, UB associate research professor and Roswell Park Memorial Institute researcher, applied for a federal research grant to help support his work on a promising investigational cancer treatment called photoradiation therapy (PRT). PRT, the photosensitization of malignant tumors, combines tissuepenetrating red light and a non-toxic sensitizer which, after being injected into the body, is retained preferentially in tumors. In pilot studies, Dr. Dougherty discovered that when visible red light struck the chemiCallysensitized cancer cells, the drug was activated, releasing a tumor-destructive oxygen. "An elegant idea," replied the grant reviewers, "but everyone knows that hght docs not penetrate tissue." Dr. Dougherty's application was rejected. Today, a decade later, skeptics arc no longer doubtfi.d that the "impossible" can be made possible. PRT has been used to treat. over 1,500 patients at more than 30 msntutes and hospitals both in the United States and abroad. Since 1976, Dr. Dougherty and IllS colleagues at Roswell Park have treated over 250 patients with bladder, lung, breast, skm, brain and head and neck cancers- and the result~ have generated a great deal of interest and excitement within the medical communi tv. PRT begins with an intravenous injection of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD), a non-toxic, photochemically-active drug derived from mammalian blood. Three davs after injection, the HpD is reduced in n<;rmal tissue, but is retained by the malign,mcy. "We arc not totally certain wlw this retention occurs," cxplai~cd Dr. Dougherty, "but we think it's due to slower lymphatic draining and binding to certain cells in the tumor." Exposed to visible red light, H pD is activated and converts the light energy to highly reactive singlet oxygen, a substance that is lethal to the tumor. One month after treatment, patients, under ideal conditions, will demonstrate either a shrinkage or total eradication of the malignancy. And how does light penetrate tissue? "l~d light is the key," Dr. Dougherty contends. "Only red light or longer wavelengths can pcnct~tc tissue sufficiently to be uscfi.d ." The source of red light is incidental to treatment, continued Dr. Dougherty. "We usc lasers because thcv arc convenient, since small beams of light ~an be delivered easily through fiber optics." If . the proper wavelength, any source of red light \\'Ill have the same impact on malignant cells which have absorbed HpD. 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN P By Coleen Karuza RT is not without its side-effects. Patients usually develop erythema- skin patchiness and discoloration - one to two days afi:cr treatment. "This condition," noted the researcher, "is usually short-lived and controllable." A second side-effect, which poses a potentially greater risk to the patient, can be prevented if the patient avoids the sun or other bright light for 30 days posttreatment. As Dr. Dougherty explains: "The sensitizer retained by malignant cells lingers for up to one month after therapy, making patients highly light-sensitive. Direct exposure to the sun or other bright light can cause swelling and second or third degree burns. There is no problem, however, if patients comply strictly with their physician's recommendations and avoid high-intensity light." Although it has been shown to shrink or eradicate the most stubborn malignancies, PRT has not, to date, relinquished its investigational status, and its use in the United States has been restricted to specialty fucilitics, such as Roswell Park . Dr. Dougherty expects this to change, stating that the therapy should be approved for standard usc in the countrv "within the next five vcars." PRT is currci;tly the treatment of ch~icc in Japan for a scle~t group of patients who suffer from lung cancer. In fact, physicians at the Tokyo Medical College, in consultation with Dr. Dougherty, have produced complete remissions in tour out of five patients with early-stage lung cancer, with no evidence of recurrence for up to 24 months afi:cr PRT. Not only is PRT possibly "curative" for early-stage lung lesions, but it is beneficial in advanced lung cancer as well. !~search Ius shown that some lung tumors, diagnosed initially as inoperable, can be shrunk by PRT and removed surgically. When clinical trials with PRT first began, Dr. Dougherty used PRT on patients with various skin tumors. Over 70 per cent of these patients responded with either shrinkage or the complete disappearance of the tumor. These types of malignancies arc considered "accessible," that is, within the light's reach . Recently, however, Roswell Park physicians have tested PRT against less accessible lesions - including those of the bladder, bronchi, stomach, and esophagus - by delivering the light through a fiber optic placed in an endoscope. A t the 13th International Cancer Congress in Seattle, Dr. Harold 0. Douglass, Jr. , also a UB professor at Roswell Park, reported lAIJoveJ Close-up of laser used In photoradtatton therapy, (BelOW} Dr. Thomas J. Dougherty, With laser unit. that PRT had reduced significantly nonrcsectable malignancies obstructing both the stomach and esophagus. "One patient whose esophagus was totally blocked by cancer was treated with PRT and has been asymptomatic for seven months," he said. For bladder cancer, PRT is "highly selective, safe, and may benefit both wide-spread or m situ lesions," noted Dr. Dougherty. Complete responses have been demonstrated in 10 out of 10 cases of early-stage bladder cancer after a two-year follow-up in Japan. ot all cancers may respond to PRT, but Dr. Dougherty believes that there arc definitely certain malignancies that arc likely to reap the benefits of the treatment. Based on Dr. Dougherty's and his associates' research and clinical experience, these malignancies include chest wall tumors (superficial, widespread), bladder (in situ, widespread), gynecological (in situ, .wide area types, such as vaginal and cervical), lung and trachea (early-stage, in situ) and head and neck (early-stage, recurring). Recently, excellent results have been obtained in certain eye tumors as well. . Whether used as primary treatment or adJUvant therapy to surgery, PRT has made many important contributions to oncology and its associated disciplines. Dr. Doughcrtv doesn't tout the therapy as a panacea, and �Research :::E a._ a: u; ~ 0 I a._ Schistosomiasis A vaccine may be developed A Centers using PRT and total number of patients treated as of January 1, 1983 U.S. # PATIENTS Roswell Park 250 Univ. of Southern California 100 Univ. of California at Irvine 100 Mayo Clinic 60 Grant Hospital (Columbus, Ohio) 40 Philadelphia Hospital < 40 U"niv. of Iowa < 40 Univ. of California at Davis < 40 ABROAD Japan (7-10 centers) 500 China (7-10 centers) 300 Australia 100 TABLE II: General PRT Procedures Day 0 Day 3-7 2-5 mg/kg (HpD I.V.) local application of red light (dye laser) Post-treatment erythema and edema (1-2 days) cause gross necrosis Post-treatment reduction or eradication of lesion (1-month) TABLE Ill: Cancers Most Likely to Benefit From PRT Characteristics superficial , widespread CIS, widespread CIS, dysplasia, wide areas (vaginal/cervical) lung/trachea early, CIS head and neck early, recurrence eye retinoblastoma, melanoma Tumors chest wall bladder gynecological agrees that certain elements of PRT could be honed by future investigation. "When sufficient studies have been performed at various institutions to give it a fuir and comprehensive test, there is every reason to believe that PRT will become a highly successful cancer treatment," he said. • By Mary Beth Spina collaborative effort by two UB researchers may point the way to a vaccine which will control schistosomiasis, a major health problem in many underdeveloped parts of the world. An estimated 500 million people are affected by the disease which is prevalent among rural populations in Third World countries and in sections of Puerto Rico, China, Japan and the Philippines. The disease is caused by parasitic blood flukes, which develop in snails living in freshwater lakes and rivers. Afi:er being released by the snail, the parasites enter unbroken skin of human victims who use the water for cooking, bathing and swimming. Once inside the skin, they migrate to the liver. During this migration, the parasites mature into adult male or female worms which mate and produce 300-3000 fertilized eggs daily per worm pair. The eggs and the host's immune response to them lead to obstruction of interior blood flow over a long period of time as well as to damage of the liver, spleen, intestines and bladder which contribute to disease and death. The disease, however, is curable in those not constantly re-exposed to the parasite. "Schistosomiasis," says Phillip LoVerde, Ph .D., an associate professor of microbiology, "is not only a serious health problem but contributes indirectly to poor economic conditions in an estimated 72 nations." Prof. LOVerde and his colleague, David &kosh, Ph.D., assistant professor of biochemistry, point out that only through pooling their expertise has the current project been possible. "The approach we are taking today would not have been feasible five years ago,'' Prof. &kosh emphasizes. Only because of the technological revolution in molecular biology and recombinant DNA, he notes, is it now possible to combine the skills of one member of the team trained in classical parasitology with those of the other in molecular biology. "We bring to this project different skills and different perspectives, merging two disciplines. This is important because creating an effective vaccine is a complex problem," Prof. &kosh adds. The joint research is supported by grants totaling almost $500,000 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease and The Edna McConnell Clark Foundation. Though the UB researchers point out that their work is in its inf.mcy, they are optimistic that a vaccine can be developed. Specific proteins, which engender a hurrian immune response, can be found on the surface of the young developing parasite. The BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �Research genes cn<;Qding these proteins can then be isolated and translated into proteins in bacteria, using the latest of recombinant DNA methods. Once isolated, the proteins, as well as their chemically svnthesizcd fragments, will be tested· as· vaccines. Another approach involves identifying the proteins responsible for egg production in the female parasite and utilizing these in an effective vaccine. "Immunization against the parasite is perhaps the only method which could be considered practical as a means of controlling the disease in endemic areas," says Prof. LoVerde. "Medication is costlv and would not be effective in controlling the disease in individuals who face constant re-cxposure to the parasite in the water;" he points out. And controlling the snail population is equally impractical because moUuscicides are expensive and have negative environmental effects. Interestingly, while many world health problems such as smallpox arc being brought under control, schistosomiasis is increasing in prevalence and intensity of infection primarily because of attemi>ts by developing nations to improve the quality of life of their citizens. Ofi:en this means industrialization which cannot be accomplished without hydroelectric power which calls for building dams. The dams impound large bodies of water and provide a favorable habitat for the vector snails. "Therefore," Prof. Rckosh points out, "work on development of a vaccine for schistosomiasis is very timely. It's an exciting time for parasitology." The UB researchers look for many new developments, not only in schistosomiasis research, but in research on a number of other parasitic diseases in the next few years. • Type Ns An improved prognosis H By Mary Beth Spina ard-driving workaholics (ch~racter­ ized as Type A personahttes and generally considered prime candidates for heart attacks) appear actually to have lower risk for high blood pressur~ unless there's a high incidence of heart disease in their families, new findings bv a U B research team reveal. ·The findings were released by UB psychologist Marlon Koenigsberg, Ph.D., at the annual meeting of the Sooety for Psychophysiological Research held at Asilomar Conference Center Ill PaCific Grove, Cahf. Conducted in the UB Department of Familv Medicine, the study shows that in the abs~ncc of high incidence of heart disease 16 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN z z :::> aJ w ~ ~ :i 0 ~ a: I- (/) :::> --' --' among close, blood relatives, Type As actually have a lower risk for hypertension than their relaxed, easy-going Type B counterparts. Included in the study were 141 males and an equal number offemales between 25-and 75-years old randomly selected from the patient population of the Deaconess Hospital Familv Medicine Center. Patients \\'ere classified as either Type A or B depending on their scores on a measure known as the Jenkins Activit\• Survev. Data also included the number of subjects' relatives with diagnosed heart disease, subjects' blood pressures, and whether or not they had hypertension. Results of the study showed that T)•pc A patients whose relatives had a high incidence of heart disease had higher diastolic blood pressures indicative of increased risk for heart disease. But Type As with a lower family incidence of heart disease had lower diastolic blood pressures despite their ambitious, competitive behavior patterns. Earlier work by study co-researcher Ed- wardS. Katkin, Ph .D., showed similar patterns among 45 college students. Dr. Katkin, chairman ofUB's Department of Psychology and president of the Society for Psychophysiological Research, found that blood pressures increased substantially during video game-playing among Type As who had family histories of heart disease. But Type As who had no such family history had blood pressure increases during game-plaving less than those experienced by Tvpe Bs who either had or did not have high incidence of heart disease among relatives. Conceding that the two studies provide researchers with more questions than answers, Dr. Koenigsberg says they suggest that Type A behavior alone is not a reliable predictor of future high blood pressure which can lead to heart disease. "But," he adds, "physicians might want to more aggressively push for changes in poor health habits - such as smoking and overcatmg - known to contribute to heart d!sease in Type A patients who have family htstories of cardiovascular problems." • ·. �Hospitals ~ <( Carl Granger 0 A newcomer at the General ci.i W hen we spoke, his book shelves were still empty, his walls still unadorned. But Dr. Carl Granger, one of the Medical School's newest arrivals, has brought with him a full agenda and a distinguished career. Professor of rehabilitation medicine and the new head of Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Rehabilitation Medicine. Granger comes at a time of change. The University is in the midst of a $55 million medical school and Health Sciences Library expansion and a $200 million enlargement is underway at Buffalo General Hospital. Granger looks at the construction as an opportunity to modernize his rehabilitation medical services as the hospital and University modernize. The temporary disruption and relocation of medical operations within the hospital itself are of little concern to him. What does worry Dr. Granger are the outdoor effects of the construction on the disabled patients that his department handles. In treating the disabled person, the external environment is as important as the patient's physical self. "Right now, we have the problem of access because of the difficulty of the parking and the barrier that distance is to patients with mobility problems," he commented, emphasizing that "minimizing the physical limitations of access is vital to the development of our outpatient program . We must give anention to serving our patients." Unfortunately, he adds, the massive constmction projects may not improve parking afi:er they are completed . Dr. Granger received his A.B. from Dartmouth (1948) and his M.D. from New York University-Bellevue Medical Center (1952) . Afi:er nine months of general pracnce m Huntington, Long Island, he sen'ed in the U .S. Army for almost seven years. It was 3: z 5 I a. during his military sen•ice that he completed his residency at Walter Reed General Hospital and chose his specialty field of rehabilitation and physical medicine. Upon leaving the Army, he joined the faculty of Yale Universitv and became assistant director of the Dep~rtment of Physical Medicine. He was actively involved both in teaching and in managing pediatric and adult patients in need of physical and occupational therapies over the next seven years. In 1968, Granger decided to move to Tufi:s University, Boston, where he was appointed professor and chairman of the Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, as well as physiatrist-in-chief at ew England Medical Center. His move to Tufi:s led to a fortuitous event for Dr. Granger. He met Dr. Glen Gresham and their productive relationship has continued to this day. It was, in fact, that relationship that led, years later, to Dr. Granger's decision to move to Buffalo. Dr. Gresham, now professor and chairman ofUB's Department of Rehabilitation Medicine moved here five years ago. While at Tufi:s, Granger and Gresham developed a new approach to rehabilitation medicine. "That's where we explored and expanded the use of functional assessment, a method of measuring the ability of a disabled person to participate in a range of identified activities," Granger explained . A recent result of their research is the book, Functional Assessment in Rehabilitation Medicine (in press). Granger also continued and expanded research in the use of electromyography, braces and splints and in the treatment of Bell's Palsy, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. He also sen'ed, among numerous other professional positions, as president of both the ew England Society of Physical Medicine and the American Academv of Plwsical Medicine and Rehabilit~tion. ' Dr. Granger moved to Brown University, Rhode Island, in 1978, where he was named Frederick Henry Prince Distinguished Scholar in Physical Medicine and Rehabili- -. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 17 �ration. " There, the emphasis was on community hospital operations. I also helped to organize a state-wide network of institutions, agencies and individuals interested in rehabilitation," he remarked matter-of-fuctly. As with his professional activities at Tufts and Yale, he held numerous positions in professional societies and committees, including the presidency of the International Federation of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Functional assessment of disability continued as one of his primary research activities at Brown. He also spent significant time as project director of a multiinstitutional stroke followup study. Before leaving Brown, he spent 1982 at UB as lecturer in rehabilitation medicine. Developing and expanding all three spheres - the research, clinical and teaching programs - will be the focus of Dr. Granger's agenda for both the hospital's and University's Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine. He will help organize research activities, especially those involved with refining the functional assessment of disability. Computers will be used to assist in the measurement of disability. To accomplish this, grant monies will be sought to develop computer programs to collect and analyze the medical data. The data will also be evaluated to relate the costs of treatment to various types and degrees of disability. For example, in the treatment of a stroke patient, the costs of hospitalization, nursing home care and home rehabilitation will be compared . This information will be used to advise policy makers in devising better informed health care policies and help to answer the question "Where can we best allocate our limited health care resources?" I n the clinical sphere, Granger's plan is to establish an in-patient rehabilitation unit at Buffulo General. He also hopes to expand the outpatient program by having follow-up of outpatients with a variety of medical rehabilitation problems such as stroke, Parkinson's disease and chronic pain problems . Considerable time will also be spent refining the hospital's use of the expensive new icolet Pathfinder machine, which will measure the reaction of the spinal cord to stress during surgery. Dr. Granger's goal. is to expand the teaching program of h1s department by mvolving more medical students and res1dents in rehabilitation medicine, as well as res1dcnts in other primary care specialties and affiliated hospitals. Author of more than 50 publications, including one which received the Elizabeth and Sidney Licht Award for Soennfic Excellence in 1979, Granger IS still actively writing and editing. Among publications he is editing arc a new book on rehabilitation of the aged and a manual that provides the functional perspecnve ro patient care for the 18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN primary care physician. Besides his ongoing research on functional assessment of the disabled, he is also studving differences in the success of treatmc1;t of stroke patients at a community hospital. He found that treatment success improved after a rehabilitation unit was established at the hospital. More patients were able to go home for rehabilitation and fewer were institutionalized as a result of the new rehabilitation program. Poring over the charts on his desk , Dr. Granger was both pleased and puzzled over one result: the improvement for over-75-year-old stroke patients was nearly the same as that for 60-75year-old patients. Dr. Granger had expected that the greater age and less secure family and home support for the older patients would have led to a higher rate of institutionalization for that group. He hopes to learn the reason for this surprising result. On the less serious side, Granger will apparently have little problem adjusting to Western New York ' s recreational environment . "I enjoy most outdoor activities, especially downhill and cross-country skiing. Golf is an occasional sport as well." And cultural interests? " I enjoy them all, theatre, music, the arts." Then he emphasized, "But my work is my primary hobby." Granger has two children. Glenn, 30, is an airline employee in Rhode Island ; his daughter, Marilyn, 26, is interning in Hartford, Connecticut, after graduating from Thomas Jefferson Medical School in Philadelphia . One 1~ajor contribution of rehabilitation medicine to health care, according to Dr. Granger, is the multidisciplinary team approach, now being adopted by other medical fields. Looking toward the immediate future, Granger feels that the newly emerging role of his field is to pay close attention to disabled children as they become adults. " Our strategy should be tO prepare the younger patient to become as physically and vocationally self-sufficient as possible, as well as emotionally adjusted and able to participate in society," he comments. " Disability is an exploding epidemic in our country " due to the general aging trend of the population , Granger pointed out. " Because of this, we have to employ new and more effective methods to treat the increasing number of disabled patients." He agreed that the need for rehabiliation medicine is steadily growing. Now that Carl Granger is on board, meeting that need will now be even more assured . • Changes at Sisters Sr. Mary Charles leaves A ugust 19, 1983, marked the close of an era at Sisters Hospital. That's the day that Sister Marv Charles, administrator and president ofSisters Hospital smce l969left Buffulo to assume new duties wit~ the Daughters of Charity. S1ster Mary Charles now is executive direc- �Hospitals z z<( :2 LL ::::> ;2 w z<( 0 ~ 0 I a._ (Left) COunt¥ Executlve Ed Rutkowski greets Air NaUonal Guard IJBtsOnnel during helicopter landing at ECMC Sister MaiY Charles (above, leftJ has left as Sisters Hospital administrator. Her replacement: Sister Ellee~ Klnnamev (rlghtJ. J ) tor of the Daughters of Charity National Purchasing Services. She is responsible for n:-locating central purchasing facilities from Baltimore to the Midwest and organizing national purchasing contracts for over 40 Daughters of Charity hospitals from coastto-coast. Taking over as president of Sisters Hospital is Sister Eileen Kinnarnev, formerlv asststant vice-president for admit;istrative ;en•ices at Sisters. Sr. Eileen will direct the hospital's day-to-day operations until a permanent president is assigned by the Daughters of Chari tv. Siste~ Marv Charles' career in Buffulo began in 1968 when she came to Sisters as assistant administrator. She became administrator in 1969 and was named president in 1972. In addition to being the chief executive officer, she was also chairman of the hospital's board ?f trustees.. . Sister Man· Charles expcrnsc 111 hospttal financial matters has gained her the respect of both hospital administrators and businessmen. She holds fellowships in both the American College of Hospital Administrators and the Hcalthcarc Financial Management Association. Under her leadership, Sisters Hospital stayed clear of deficits which have plagued most hospitals in New York State. During Sister Marv Charles' tenure, Ststers Hosptta1 alwavs fini~hed its financial vear in the black. Sh~ directed Sisters Hospital through some of its major renovation and construction projects, including the building of the hospital's 80-bed Skilled Nursing Facility, completed in 1974; construction of the Seton Medical Office Building, finished in 1974; the laboraton', built in 1980· the establishment of the' Seton Familv H~alth Care Center in Alden in 1981, and modernization of the Special Care urscry last year. Other major projects included the construction of the current fiscal scn•iccs and data processing building, renovation of the intensive care unit and the building of the Dining Inn. • Trauma injuries Copter speeds them to ECMC A military helicopter, on August 5, landed in Eric Countv Medical Center's parking lot, the rc;ult of an agreement between the Count\' of Eric and the Air National Guard. The agreement allows a military helicopter to transfer personnel with trauma-reb ted injuries to the trauma intensive care unit at the medical center. Acccording to Dr. Roger E. Kaiser, the agreement establishes procedures and radio communications for military emergencies. He is an anesthesiologist attending at the medical center and flight surgeon for the I 07th Fighter Interceptor Group of the Air ational Guard stationed in Niagara Falls. He notes that in military accidents, the injuries arc almost always severe. Because of the care provided to patients in the trauma unit, he believes it is the best place to bring injured military personnel. . He adds that procedures developed may, the future, be considered for civilian disasters. On hand to formally confirm the agreement were Dr. Kaiser and County Executive ' • Edward Rutkowski. 111 (Reprinted from Update, the ECMC Newsletter) New CT scanner 4th generation model at ECMC A new CT scanner is expected to be online at the Eric Countv Medical Center in late fall. The fourth generation Picker model will provide a faster scan than the Pfizer model purchased seven years ago. Its two-second scan compares to an average 60 second scan of the Pfizer. Because of its speed in scanning, it will be able to view body parts not previously possible due to blood flow, breathing and other body functions, according to Mr. Calvin Suess, executive assistant, radiology, ECMC. He notes that as a better diagnostic tool, it will permit the radiologist to view more of the body's infrastructure. The department, he added, began to look at new models ofCT scanners about three years ago. "We are especially anxious to use the new Picker model on our spinal cord injury and trauma patients," he said. The new CT scanner will cost about Sl.l million . The current Pfizer model will be used primarily for research purposes, he • added. (Reprinted fivm Update, newslette r of ECMC) BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �Family Weekend 200 relatives of students attend Jl bout 250 retauves at the Medical School's ttrst, second and thtnl vear students enJoyed themselves, ate and listened to lectures during Family Weekend, held on Satunlay, October B. Or. John Naughton, dean at the medical school, addressed the group, which also heanl sctenUttc lectures on heart attacks, trauma and new research tn the areas at nephrology, pedtat11c endocrinology and canltotow. Between meats and lectures, the attendees touted vanous depattments on campus and at Erie Countv Medical Center. 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Medical School News HIDI ready to begin operations Unit has almost $2 million in contracts W ith letters of intent for more than $1.7 million in contracts already in hand, Universitv officials expect that the Health Care Instrument and Device Institute (HID!) will be designated as a statefunded Center for Advanced Technology before 1984. Dr. Michael Anbar, executive director of HID!, reported on the status ofthe center's development in October to the board of directors of the New York State Science and Technology Foundation, which oversees the state's Centers for Advanced Technology Program. "We expect that the Foundation will desianate HIDI as a Center for Advanced Tecl~nology in mid-December," An bar said, "with funding from the state startmg Febmarv 1. We are sending our final proposal to. the foundation, and it will then be forwarded to the 1 ational Research Council for evaluation." Even before the official designation is given, researchers may have already started on projects within the HID! umbrella, Anbar added . "One company wants us to start on its project immediately," he said. At the board meeting, Anbar reported that the following companies have signed letters of intent for future projects with the Univcrsitv-based center: v VISIDYNE, for a contract of $700,000 for laser-based ophthalmological surgical devices. v Warner Lambert, a $250,000 contract for pyrolysis mass spectrometry; automatic camera, and histology posltlonmg de\'ICe. v A private sponsor, $175,000 for a cardiac monitoring and intervention system, and a venous valving system . v Church & Dwight, $140,000 for assessment of an anti-plaque system. v Olin Corporation, $86,000 for assessment of a periodontal preventative agent. v Board of Cooperative Educational Services (BOCES), $191,000 for instructional services. In addition, An bar said, local foundations have donated approximately $100,000, with another Sl 00,000 worth of equipment also being donated . The state will provide S1 million in funding upon HIDI's designation as a center. An bar emphasized that this listing includes letters of intent - not contracts - for projects conceived as of September. " By December, when we go to the state with our final budget proposal, there may By Linda Grace-Kobas be just as many new contracts," he said. "We arc negotiating with another half dozen companies. I n his presentation before the Foundation board, chaired bv William Donohue, State Commissioner of Commerce and former head of the Erie County Industrial Development Agency, Anbar noted that health care accounts for 6 per cent of the country's G P, with medical technology taking 55 per cent of the costs of health care. "The market for new instruments and devices will continue to grow," he said, "so that going into health care and technology is a wise idea ." Health technology is a " secondary technology, very close to the marketplace, and directed to applied as opposed to basic research," Anbar stated. He reviewed Buffulo's "track record" in health milestones: it was the site of the development of the heart pacemaker; its power source, the lithium battery; soft contact lenses; the intra-uterine device for birth control, and the PKU test for newborns. The developers ofthesc innovations are "all members of the HID! team," he added. In addition to the UB schools of Engineering, Education, Management, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing, Pharmacy and Health Related Professions, Roswell Park and other affiliated hospitals will be involved in HID! projects, he said. Other area agencies involved will be Buffulo State College, Erie Communit~· College, Eric I BOCES, the Erie County and Amherst Industrial Development Agencies, and Western ew York Technology Development Center. HIDI's goals arc to conduct generic and applied research in mcdic:d technology to de,·elop new cost cffccti\'C and safe instruments and devices; assess existing instruments and devices for their performances under clinical conditions, and educate and train appropriate personnel needed nationwide to dc,·clop and implement medical technology in the most effective manner, Anbar said . A number of advisor\' committees have been established to guide the work of the new center. An bar is associate dean of medicine for applied research and chairman of the Department of Biophysical Sciences. Dr. John 1 aughton, Medical School dean and acting vice president for health sciences. scl'\·es as chairman of the HID! board of directors, which includes representation • from industry. Dr. Theresa Stephan House staff Association serves residents A mid the rigorous schedule of the hospital resident, a number of individuals have found a \vav to scl'\'C their fcll?w residents through an· organization unf.umhar to most of the Universin• medical communitv. The Buffulo Hous~ Staff Association, chaired bv Drs. Theresa Stephan and Fred Rodcms, provides support for more than 400 residents in three of the UB-affiliatcd tc~ching hospitals. Originating 111 1976 at the Enc Count\' Medical Center (ECMC) , the association I~ow has members in Buffulo General Hospital and the Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) as well . The Buffulo House Staff Association according to its secretary, Dr. William Pullen, has taken the responsibility to concern itself with those topics for which the busv residents often have little time. The association aims to be a vehicle for communication by keeping all residents informed of important developments that affect them. It encourages participation in the organization. In particular, the association involves itself with development of the tr.1ining programs to ensure that their quality is maintained. To do this, association members have representation on all resident-related committees of hospital administration and fucultv at ECMC and VAMC. These include the co mmittees for quality assurance and utilization review, resident scheduling, education, infectious disease and environmental control, as well as the executive committee. On the scheduling committee, for example, association representatives recommend more flexible resident schedules as alternatives to the traditional scheduling systems. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 �Jim Bentley's quadracycle turns heads He hopes to ride it to graduation come next May W hat has four wheels, travels up to 40 miles per hour and attracts giggles, neighborhood kids, doubletakes and newspaper photographers? The answer: Jim Bentley's " quadracycle." The ungainly vehicle, which looks something like a cross between a bicycle and a precursor to the Modcl-T Ford, is the creation of this fourth-vcar UB medical student from Coney Island , Brooklyn. The ll-foot-long red and black pedalpowered device has two scats, ten speeds, four wheels and an optional six-power minibike engine. Created out of parts from more than 20 bicycles, the quaint machine weighs several hundred pounds. Mr. Bentley, who loves bicycling, began the project several years ago when his girlfriend insisted she would go cycling with him onlv on a bicvcle built-for-two. " I livc'd right ne~t to a junkyard where I was able to find all kinds of bike parts," he explained. After a period as a two-wheeler, the vehicle was "improved" with suggestions from friends. From an old Good Humor ice cream wagon, Bentley said smiling, "I added axles " and transformed it into a tricvclc built-for-two. He test drove it along th~ bicycle lane adjacent to Brooklyn's busy Belt Parkway. His test-drives, he agrees, led to rubber-necking and didn' t do much to alleviate the chronic traffic ddays on that crowded frccwav. The next step-in the evolution of his unconventional vehicle occurred during Bentley's camping journey with his girlfriend from Concv Island to Massachusetts . Passing through a town, he squeezed between a truck and another \'chicle and broke the one front wheel. With no choice but to repair it right there, he hit upon the idea of adding a fourth wheel, "which opened up all kinds of possibilities." It was on his return trip through the Village of White Plains that a newspaper photographer chased and flagged him down to capture the unique contraption on film. He's been attracting newspaper photographers ever smcc. T he most unusual voyage his quadracycle has taken to date was to UB. As the Buf- 22 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Jaw News described it, just getting the cycle to Buffalo was an uphill , or rather, upstate struggle. " When I came here from ew York Citv in 1977, I could bring only a couple of pieces in a box," he said in an interview with the News. "So every time I went back home, I'd bring a few more pieces in the luggage compartment of the train. It didn ' t cost anything, but it sure took long enough." People wave, laugh, smile or shout - or ask lots of questions. Kids follow him and even dogs stare. " One thing is for sure," he adds " cvcrvbodv likes it." A; unass~ming fellow, Mr. Bentley can't figure out what all the commotion is about. He didn' t build it. to be outrageous or funny - he just built the vehicle to work. And work it docs, reaching speeds up to 40 miles per hour with its engine. Despite his busy schedule as a medical student, Bentley has managed to put his invention back together by taking advantage of spare time (and parts). A 33-year-old Vietnam veteran, he uses his vehicle simply for routine tasks like shopping or laundry. But its other use for camping trips prompted him to add his latest improvements, a motor and a generator. He didn' t plan on it, but now he must add other features such as blinkers, lights and odometers to comply with new regulations for mopeds. "I'll take longer to finish it, but I' ll pass every requirement and get it licensed," he said confidently. In the meantime, he can still pedal it. Mr. Bentley has additional plans. After he gets his quadracycle licensed he will add on an enclosed trunk. But more importantly, Bentley and his cycle have a special trip scheduled for this June: a triumphant ride to his graduation. Glancing back at his invention, he adds, " I can ' t wait to see all their eyes pop out." • ~ ~ 0 z g 0 I (l_ �---------------------------------------------------------------------Students Message from President of Polity, the Medical Student Organization Dear Colleagues: The arrival ofthe new 1st year class and the start of the new school year were heralded by the anmml orientatum program and Fall Fun & Field Day, Festivities included: a cookout, tennis, softball, SOCCer, I'Olfeyball and just plain Wajin' around, Many thanks to Sandy Levy, Sue Guralnick, Donnica Moore, and Mark Vickers for all thei1' work getting er>erything togethn~ Parents and families of medical stutknts were treated to a glimpse ofthe School on Family Day, There was an excellent turnout, The improvement in rapport between the school and families of stutknts should be of bmefit to both, Our annual medical school Halwween PartY took place on NoPember 5 and was enjoyed by alL Pla11S for the coming spring are a Dinner Dance Talent Show, january 21, and the infamous Follies, April29, This year, Bill Stephan, Han)' Timot!Jee m1d john 0/sewski !Jape m;ganized i11tramural teams in football, basketball, J>olleyball, soccer, baseball and hockey. Sincerely, Alan Stein President, Polity Clockwise from top rlght: Jim Bentley with his quadracvcle; vtew of the Class of 198 7 at Orientation; more freshmen med students In Farber parking tot; Dr. John A. Richert welcomes class. Class of 1987 135 are enrolled N oting that "the first day of school gets earlier C\'crv vear," Medical School Dean John 'Naughton welcomed the Class of 1987 to the Universitv and cono-ratulated the 135 members o~ being ac~epted to and cnr~lling; in one of the nation's "strongest" medical msntu nons. ' 'Have a strong sense that this is a medical school of historical record," the dean advised the newcomers, "It is old as many and older than most." Throughout the Medical School 's 135 year history, he said, a "large number of good scientists and physicians" BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 23 �Students Sklarow Award Brian Lipman wins honor D Rain torced OrtentaUon picnic Inside. have graduated from it. "You arc in an environment committed to excellence.," Naughton stressed. "But you must also have an attitude of wanting to seck cxccllcncc." And should a student fuil to strive for that "UB excellence" or to meet his potential, the "School will let him go," the dean emphasized. aughton addressed the first-year class at the Medical School's annual student orientation program Friday, July 29. Classes were scheduled to begin the next Monday, one of the earliest starts in recent mcmorv, the Dean explained. . "The burden (oflearning) is now yours," he said. "The responsibility for growth will be more and more on \ 'OU ." By the time of gra-duation in 1987, aughton warned , "the world will be a much different place from what it is today," especially for the physician. Medicine, he said, "is undergoing an amazing metamorphosis.'' During the transition fi-om student to doctor, Naughton explained, students will "be secluded and protected from many of the changes occurring in medicir1e." But, he added, their UB education will help prepare them for those new medical worlds. The changes will not only be technical, he noted, but also humanistic, political, and sociological. "Currently, health sciences and medicine arc unchallenged in resources and this will change," he said. "The relationship between the doctor and patient will change and our priorities as physicians will change. These changes will affect us all." Naughton said that students must ex-_ amine the changes and measure the value of each, because as scholars and new physicians their "role in contributing to continued evolutions will be more" than any fuculty member's. Following aughton's remarks, John A. Richert, assistant Medical School dean and registrar, noted that the 135-member class of90 men and 45 women was culled from an application pool of about 3100. The 24 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN most popular undergraduate majors for the class included, he said, biology, biochemistry, chemistry, physics, jour• nalism, and political science. Tough c ompetition Only one in 23 gets in r. Brian J. Lipman has won the 1983 Dr. Louis M. Sklarow Award, J. Milton Zeckhauser; president of the Foundation of Jewish Philanthropies, has announced. This award, established in memory of the distinguished Buffitlo physician, who died in 1976, is presented each year "to the outstanding graduate in medicine from the UB Medical School . . . who has shown by character and medical accomplishment great promise in becoming a fine physician and a person most likely to make a contribution to mankind and bring honor to his or her school.'' Dr. Lipman was chosen for this honor from a field of more than 15 candidates. The award carries a cash prize of $250. Dr. Lipman is anticipating a career in academic medicine and basic research. He is serving his residency at the ColumbiaPresbyterian Medical Center in New York City. . • T his September, the UB Medical School welcomed its 137th entering class. .Competition for seats was very high, and at the same time, the lowest turnover rate of applicants was experienced. One hundred thirtv-five were selected out of 570 interviewee~ and more than 3000 applicants. Now hard at work for several months, this year's class is comprised of 92 men and 43 women, including 15 minorities. The a\·erage age is 24. The youngest is 19; the oldest, 41. With 58 Western ew Yorkers, representation from this area is at one ofthe highest levels the school has seen in marw years. Fifty-two medical students originate· from down-state New York, 22 from the rest of ew York, and three fium out ofstate. They come from 63 different undergraduat~ schools, with the largest number from UB (27). Cornell, SU Y Albany, SUNY Binghamton, and Canisius College also are well-represented. Johns Hopkins, Hamilton, Universin• of Pennsylvania and Dartmouth arc among other i;,stitutions where students did undergraduate work. Twenty-two of the students have advanced degre~s, including four with Ph.D.'s, one with a law degree and 17 with masters. Thirty-four did not major in scientific fields while in undergraduate school. Two were admitted to the combined M.D. /Ph .D. pro~ram, knowri as the medical scientist trainmg program. Significantly, the new entering class' scores are higher than last year's class. Their average science GPA is 3.47 and their average MCKr score is 10. • Or. Brian J. Lipman (lett). Travelling fellow Walter Straus receives award W alter Straus (Class of ' 86) was recently awarded the 1983 Logan Clendening liavelling Fellowship in the History of Medicine, which is administered through the University of Kansas School of Medicine. His research topic was "Thomas Wakley and the Formative Years of the limcet: M~dical Reform and the Early Medical Press." He conducted his research at the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, the British Museum and the Royal College of Surgeons. • �Book Reviews The Youngest Science by Lewis Thomas, M.D. , New York, The Viking Press, 1983, pp. 270, $14.75. ''A Life in Our Times." This is the third (The Medusa and the Snail; The Lives of a Cell) and, so far, the best book bv Lewis Thomas, growing out of a series of ~olumns in The New England journal of Medicine entitled "Notes of a Biology Watcher." The book is largely autobiographical, tracing medicine from the turn of the century (and • ''All the cbildnm in Hushing were jlll>enile delinqumts. We mamed the tonm in the CJ>eni11!J, li11!Ji11!J dourbells and ruuni11!J mvzmd the side of tbe house to bide, scmwling on the side~mlks with cokm:d clmlk, pmctici11!J for Halloll'em, whm Jl'e tumed into m111ials outright. . . . " I fRight) Author Lewis Thomas; a veteran medicine watcher. the medical education ofThomas ' futher) to the present day. Having achieved success and notoriety professionally, Thomas looks back critically upon medicine with enlightening humor and style. He is a master of the " biologic pa~able " subtly conveying philosophy through anecdote in nature. The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation sponsored this book - the third in the series designed "to make the process of scientific discovery more understandable, more real, and more exciting to the general reader." In my view, this is an important and timely book conveying to readers, professional or otherwise, the revolution that engulfed medicine in the middle decades of the twentieth century Lewis Thomas grew up in Flushing, ~n Long Island, in the home of a general practitioner futher and nurse mother. Educated at Princeton (entered at age 15) and Harvard (claims he was accepted because Hans Zinsser had known his futher and admired his mother), he interned at Boston City, followed bv a residencv in Medicine. In the process of a Neurology fellowship, he became involved with infectious disease and pursued microbiology for most of the remainder of his career. Thomas was chairman of Pediatrics and Medicine at Minnesota (can you imagine a combined chair?), Pathology, then Medicine and ultimately dean at NYU, dean at Yale, and president of MemorialSloan-Kettering. vThe IO\lllgest Science Notes ofa Medicine .Watcher Lewis Thomas Aurh.nt THE LNES OF ACELL Reminiscent of a John O'Hara, or F. Scorr Fitzgerald novel, Thomas begins with the era of his futhcr in which practicing medicine was almost entirely symptomatic; the only good drugs were digitalis and morphine. The preoccupation of academic medicine in the earlv years of the century was the ability to diagn~se a patient's illneSs and to predict' the subsequent natural course. The few times the internist had gratifying outcomes were surgical referrals. Thomas describes the life of a student and the house officer on the large wards of the Boston City Hospital in the mid 30's, and the Oslerian manner in which rounds were conducted. UB alumni can certainly recall similarlv the wards at the Buffilo Ge~eral Hospital ~nd at the former E .] . Meyer Hospital where rounds often consisted of a discussion of the patient, his/her illness, and even prognosis, in the center of the ward with the patient and wardmates straining to catch every word . "A skilled, e.xperienced physician might have dozms ofdijfirnzt jimnulntiom in his memory, . . . They•were plncebos, and tbey had been the pri1zcipal mainstay of medicim:, the sole teclmology, for so kmg a time - millennia that tbey had the incantatory jXlll>e1" ofrr:ligiotts BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 25 �Book Reviews ritual. My father had little faith in the effectiveness ofany ofthem, but he used them daily in his practice. · "The reaynition ofspecific i/bwsses, based 011 what had bemleanzed abmtt the ,mtuml hist:urv ofdisease a1ui about the pathologic changes i;1 each ill1wss, was the real task of the doctor. If he could nmke an accurate diagnosis, he could forecast fivm this information what the likely ozacome was tu be for each of his patients' illnesses. "On the wanis of the great &stun teaching hospitals - the Peter &m Brigham, the Massachusetts Geneml, the &stun Cit1' Hospital, and &th Israel - itgradually daw,;ed on us that we didn't know much that was real~v usejitl, that n>e amid do nothing tu change the course of the great nllljority of the diseases we were so busy ana~vzing, that nzedici1ze, for all its facade as a leanzed proftssion, was in real life a profomui~v ignorant ocwpation'' A11 interesting questionnaire sent (in the mid 30's) to former graduates of the Harvard Medical School asking them their incomes and their advice to future physicians revealed those physicians who had been out of medical school for 20 years (in 1937) were making the 1983 equivalent of $37,000. Their advice to future physicians was to work hard and not to expect to make a lot of money. Another theme which runs through the book has to do with the nature of success in research. Having invested several years prior to the Second World War in laboratory and clinical investigation, Thomas had the good fortune of continuing his research in microbiology during the War at the end of which he was much sought afi:er for the bourgeoning investigation during the 40's, SO's and 60's. He was involved in very productive research in immunology as well as bacteriology and was able to attract large amounts of research money. He is very modest to point out, however, that success in research is ofi:en random and he relates several anecdotes which would help to cheer the young struggling investigator. While in the South Pacific during the War, he demonstrated through a series of experiments using rabbits that Group A Streptococcus infection uniformly produced myocarclitis. When he got back to the States, he found it impossible to reproduce these results. pie. He decided to try the raw liver treatment on pernicious anemia strictly on a chance basis (he could have selected iron deficiency or some other type of anemia). We now know, of course, that the liver extract cured the pernicious anemia but the discovery was to a large extent a random occurrence and not the result of carefullv planned research. I think it is important t~ state parenthetically that while the literature is replete with such cliscoveries, just as manv if not more are the result of carefully plann·ed and systematically executed research. Thomas has a fascination with linguistics and from time to time lapses into the derivation of terms in common usage. He gives an entertaining discussion of the evolution of the word "leech" which meant a doctor in Old English coming from a word which meant "an enchanter, speaking magic words " as opposed to "leech," the worm. A recurring theme of Thomas' writings has to do w1th the concept of cooperation and symbiosis. He uses every occasion to satirize the pompous hierarchical structure in medicine. One cannot help but wonder what his own style has been in the manv managerial positions he has held. Some ;f his more entertaining quotes have to do with his bias toward nurses and women. As a student and a young physician, he quickly unde_rstood (as many of us discovered) that nurses really mn a hospital. Most of the empathy comes from them as well. "Knowing what I know, I am all for the nurses. If they an: tu continue their proftssional ftud with the ducturs, if they wa1zt their pmftssw1llll stlltus enhanced and their pay increased, if they infuriate the docturs /ry their claims tu be equal pmftssionals, if tbey askfor tbe 11UXJII, I am on their side." It is obvious from Thomas' cliscussion of his activities with the Board of Health in New York and his part in the rehabilitation of the Bellevue Hospital that he has deep sensltlvltles to human beings in addition to his env1able talents as an investigator and writer. He ev~n went so fur as to have a private cliscuss1on With a political figure of yesteryear 1n New York City to secure funds for a new Bellevue Hospital - he found it to have been in vain. " In real life, resean:b is dependmt on the hzmum capacityfor making prr:dicti011s that are n>roljg, a,zd on the CJ>en mon: hunllln gift fin· bozmcing back tu try agai,z." " I thought I had final~1' reached the cente1· of the administmtil'e demonology and lazmched our appeal for help, but he displayed eqzumimtty; &1/evue had all the money it 1weded he said, and a.dded that the city ·should no; be spmding an.mwre 011a place 'filled 1vith bumsm Another anecdote has to do with the cliscovery ofthe cure for pernicious anemia. Allen Whipple in 1926 reported that raw liver improved anemia in dogs that had been subjected to repeated hemorrhage. Dr. George Minot at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston had a practice of expecting investigation from new colleagues. Murphy, the newest recruit, was leafing through some papers and saw the article by Whip- Thomas resignedly discusses the role of management in a medical school or university. Inertial forces prevent the dean or the president from impacting the organization noticeably. While environments can constrain the most gifi:ed, creative, inspiring leadership produces more and better scholarly output than docs authoritarian manipulation. Thomas' plea for cooperation in medicine extends to a plea for cooperation 26 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN in our society as-a-whole to manage political, SOCial and economic adversities that we fucc. Thomas delves into evolutionary biology (inc_ludm!? smatterings of teliology) to substantiate h1s pleas for cooperation. To confuse the_ issue, the sociobiologists claim incliv1duahsm and hierarchical stmctures have also evolved from biologic need. Perhaps men behave the way they do because that's how the women like them. " If I were the president of a major tmiz>ersity I would not want tu take on a medical school and if it already had one, I would be ~ying awake nights trying tu figure out ways tu get rid of it'' I can certainly relate to Thomas' description of being ill and hospitalized - the depersonalization, the game of cat and mouse that g;oes on with colleagues who are apprehenSive about caring for a fellow physician, etc. In Thomas' view, all medical personnel should be hospitalized, even if it's just with a case of the grippe, to identify with the utterly helpless position of a patient. House staff of vestervear will be amused with the irrevere;t poe~1s in the Appendix - "Allen Street," into which the morgue of the Massachusetts General Hospital opened. In my view, Lewis Thomas exemplifies one of the more scholarly people of our era; the man is honest, inquisitive, and writes in an extremely interesting fashion (much like ].K. Galbraith, without the arrogance). In fuct, it was his expertise with poetry as a house officer that may have prompted Franz Ingclfinger to have asked him in subsequent years to contribute a column in the cw England Journal. He has clcvcrlv demonstrated that meclicinc has passed fro1~ an era of sympathetic ignorance to one of depersonalized technologic excellence. He prefers the latter when he himself requires care. Recognizing the talents of such an individual, the Trustees of the State University of New York have appointed Thomas a University Professor without portfolio. We arc indeed honored to have such an individual on our fucultv. The Youngest Science requires two to three hours of reading time and is well worth it in terms of entertainment and education. It should be placed alongside Osler's Equanimitas as suggested rcacling for meclical students. " I haPe seen a lot of my inner self, mon: thmz most people, a1ui :~u'd think I would hm>egained some new insight, CJ>en some seme of illuminatimz, but I am as much in tbe dark as CJ>er." "Taking all in all, the hisrory ofhuman gm>enmzmts SU.!J!Jests tu nw that the 1111!11 of the earth haJ>e had a long enough nm at mmzing thmgs; tbeir record offol~l' is now so detailed and docummted as tu make an_1one ftar the fitture m their bmzds. It is time for a change. Put tbe women in chm;ge, I say." • - ROSS MARKELLO, M.D. Pmftssor of A nesthesiology �WE'D LIKE TO SEE YOU HERE BUFFALO PH.. ClAN Please send the latest information about yourself, together with a photo if possible, to the Buffalo Physician so your classmates can keep in touch with you. Use th~ c~:mve­ nient form on the back cover of this Issue. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �THE JOURNAL of the American Medical Association Dr. John Talbott (above} and his wlte traveled tile u.s.. Central and South America, Euf'OIIe, and Asia In search of medical art to supplant the advertising that previously appeared on the covers of JAMA. (Right} The December 1, 1969 cover. Paul Van Hoyedenck 28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Samples of Paul Van Hoyedenck's "cybs," the sculptured hand, legs and torso consisting of wheels, rods, nuts, bolts, and bits of electronic equipment, simulate the form and function of their natural counterparts . Whether conceived by the artist as components of a cybernetic man (p 1752) or as independently function ing entities, these metal and plastic creations project a disturbing image of a future surfeited with uncon · trolled devices. Planned control of medical, mechanical, and electronic devices is discussed on page 1745. �December 1, 1969 People John H. Talbott A traveling , skiing editor Vol 210, No 9 ~==--------------------------~ ~·------------------~-----------, EDIIOR'S NaTE: This article, written by Nancy Yams Hoffinanfur JAMA (May 20, 1983, Vol. 249, No. 19), was sztbstanticdly edited by Bruce S. Kershner fur publicatimt herr:. J Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago ohn H. Talbott, M.D., has scaled the Andes, climbed the Colorado Rockies. Only last year, at 79, did he stop skiing ("Since I had never suffered a broken bone, I figured it was time to quit, not push my luck too far"). But he's still traveling, still lecturing. His bags are always packed and at the ready, just as they have been for years, whether for an expedition in 1929 with his Harvard Fatigue Laboratory to study the physiological effects of high altitude in Leadville, Colorado; for the International High Altitude Expedition to the Andes in 1935; for repeat physiological experiments in the California mountains 40 years later, or now, for trips to various places, to lecture and hold clinics on gout and arthritis. A perennial student as well, he graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Grinnell College in Grinnell, Iowa, his birthplace. He entered Harvard Medical School, Boston, in 1929 where he graduated magna cum laude and Alpha Omega Alpha. A lover of Manhattan's glitter, its museums and plays, Talbott interned at the Presbyterian Hospital in cw York, where he met his wife, Mildred, then a nursing student. After ten more years at Boston's Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), with side trips for a Rockefeller Fellowship at Gottingcn, West Germany, in 1932, and a Harvard Fellowship in Innsbruck, Austria, in 1937, he logged five years in the Army. This was followed by 13 years in Buffalo as the first full-time chief o(medicine at the Buffitlo General Hospital, as well as a faculty member in that department in the then Universitv of Buffalo School of Medicine. He subsequently spent 12 years in Chicago as editor and editor emeritus of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAM A). For the last 1 I years, he has been clinical professor of medicine at the Universitv of Miami School of Medicine in Florida. Everybody asks Talbott why he became an authority on gout. "When I joined the MGH staff as a Pel)' junior member; I was intrigued by metabolic disease, a consequence of my earlier work on acid-base balance in the blood with biochemist Lawrence ]. Henderson, godfather of the Harvard Fatigue Laboratory. He and David Bruce Dill, his technical directo[ were nw seminal influences. "At the MGH, Full~r Albright had staked his claim to most of endocrinology and to calcium and phosphorous metabolism; Walter Bauer made osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and infectious arthritis his bailiwick. There wasn't much left over for me, except rare birds such as ochronosis and Tietze's syndrome- and gout." Practical as ever; Talbott chose gout. Since then, he has espoused controversial treatments for the condition. While he has now modified some of his recommendations of 40 years ago, many remain valid: restrictions only on such foods as liver, kidneys, brains, sweetbreads, and anchovies; and lots of fluids, including alcohol in moderation. "After all," notes T:1lbott, pragmatic as always, "most of my patients who drank wouldn't have stopped anyway. To this day, I have no proof that alcohol in moderation is deleterious." Talbott is particularly proud of the Harvard Fangue Lab whteh he helped found. "It happened once and will never happen agam. A. Lawrence Lowell, the president of Harvard, had a . vision of studying the phys10logy of fanguc as part of industrial medicine. The lab was funded bv the Rockefeller Foundation and tucked a;vav in the basement of the new Harvard Busii;ess School." The team examined all the environmental_ extremes_ assaulting man's frame: high altitudes, high humidity, high and low temperatures. In fuct, at Maclean Hospital In Waverly, Mass., 111 the carlv 1940s thev tried to shock schizophrenics' back t~ reaiity with hypothermia . It worked - but briefly, only during the emergence from the hypothermic state. As soon as their bodies returned to normal temperature, the schizophrenics reverted. T albott's work on environmental stress was Important to the military. In I951, he went on leave from what was then the University of Bufhlo Medical School to direct a military-civilian team in Korea. During the retreat from the Chosan reservoir, as many as 5,000 American combat troops were afflicted with frostbite, as were endless numbers of North Korean and Chinese Communist soldiers. Manv of the cncnw wore sneakers without socks in the bitter!~· cold Korean winter, when temperature~ dropped to -300F. "I saw more cases of frostbite than anyone else at the time, and I found out that' cortisone docs little for frostbite," Talbott savs. Was it difficult to go from Boston, the medical mecca, to Buffitlo? "Buffulo had much to ofter. They were going from proprietary medicine to full-time academic medicine and this was a challenge. As professor and chairman of the department, I enlarged my own field to encompass arthritis, not just gout. I recruited additional staff members, was given great leeway in emphasizing teaching and research. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 29 �We and our children liked Buffulo." Thlbott has two children: John, a psychiatrist at Cornell Medical Center, C\\' York City, and president-elect of the American Psychiatric Association (" He's written a lot more than I had at his age"), and Cherry, a computer saleswoman in California. While in Buffulo, Talbott was asked several times to be dean of the medical school. He always turned it down: "I was not interested in d~anly duties. Deans don't sec sick patients; deans don' t teach." A firm believer in regular daily exercise, Talbott shoveled snow in the winter and built and remodeled houses in the summer when he lived in Buffulo. On moving to Chicago, he sold the fumily car and took a 20-minute jaunt to work. ow, at 80, he rides a stationary bicycle morning and night. At 5'7" and I30 lbs., thinner than he was 10 years ago, Talbott looks frail but remains the same hardv Midwestern reed. Also while i;1 Buffulo, Talbott plied his other crafts, medical writing and medical editing. For I 2 years, he was editor of Medicine, "one ofthe best journals of internal medicine in the world." Then, in 1959, the AMA asked him to be editor ofJAMA: "Of course, I said 'Yes.' In those days, not so much today, there was only one fournal at which you could be eclitor fi.III-time. That journal ,;,as ]AMA. I was 57-years-old. It was time to move on. "I had 12 good years there [ten as editor, two as editor emeritus]. And I ended up with a fine staff: Lester King, the book editor who gave up his teaching at the University of Illinois to come with us; Henry Ricketts and George Fire, both of whom w~re at Harvard with me; Zenanas Danilcvicius, not a Harvard graduate as were the other three, but a Dachau Camp survivor, an Old World scholar fluent in six or eight languages; Sam Vaisrub, another European who came to us rrom Winnipeg, and, of course, Therese Southgate, an outstanding medical editor." 0 uring his ]AMA tenure, Talbott changed JAMA 's covers, which previously had been emblazoned with advertising, to carry reproductions of medical art. He dislikes ]AMA 's current covers, because their art is "general," rather than specifically meclical: "Mrs. "L1lbott and I looked high ;nd low in this countrv, in Central and South America, in Europe and Asia for medical art. We were succcssfi.II. We retrieved some 300 pieces of meclical art for JAMA covers." Talbott continues to be active in his profession. "When I left the AMA, I had several things I wanted to do. ow I' m doing them. I started my journal, Seminrm in Arthritis ami Rheumatism, 111 1970; not long after I became editor pro tempore of Merck The December 29, 1969 cover; a van Evck. 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Manual and now I continue on as a member of the editorial board. Surely, I had not planned to come to Florida. We had decided to retire to Boston, when Drs. Howell, Papper, and Harrington invited me to the University of Miami as clinical professor. You know, it was fun taking my Florida licensure exams after all those years, being on the other side of the desk - although I don't think peer review is worth the cost to the profession.'' Talbott stops, then says: "One thing must be understood. I do not get a salary. I do not want a salary. I teach, I sec patients, I write, I edit, but when I'm invited to lecture in Kyoto or Syd1iey or Seoul, I can go when I want." Talbott also maintains a small private prac.- tlce. "Until we moved to this retirement community at DelRay Beach six months ago, I was in the office every day by eight o'clock and worked all day. Now, I go to the office only one dav a week." I~ conclu;ion, Talbott reminisces, "Life has been good to me. It's a long way from Grinnell to DelRay, and it's been a good • journey, every step of the way." KUWAIT UNIVERSITY (IN KUWAIT, ARABIC GULF) organized an International Meeting of Diagnostic Imaging and of Laboratory Medicine, February 19-25, 1983. Besides European and Egyptian scientists, four U.S. scientists were invited. Two of them were from UB and Eric County Medical Center, Dr. George Alker from the D~partment of Radiology and D r. Desider A. Pragay, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry Division of �People Erie Count\' Laboratories. The U.S. 'scientists all gave lectures in respective fields and all participated in scientific discussions during this one week meeting. • DR. PAUL DAVIS, PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE, HAS been awarded a SI09,700 research and de,·dopment grant from the Veterans Administration to study a mechanism by which thyroid hormone stimulates an enzyme to transport calcium from red blood cells into plasma. Dr. Davis is director of endocrinology at Erie County Medical Qnrc~ • D r. Richard Weiss, clinical assistant professor of orthopaedics, on "Occult Pain in the Professional Athlete"; Dr. Robin Bannerman, director of Human Generics, on Jacobsen's Disease; D r. Craig Blum, assistant professor of pediatrics, on "Boyd Amputation in Children"; D r. George Alker, acting chairman and clinical professor of radiology, on "CT Scanning of the CerYical Spine"; D r. G len G resham, chief of &habilitation Medicine at ECMC, on the Spinal Cord Injury Unit at ECMC, and D r. P.J. Davis, chief, Division of Endocrinology, on the current status of the treatment of osteoporosis. • Dr. Grant is also depurv director of the Community Mental Health Qnter ofBuffillo General Hospital. A graduate of UB, she sen·es as chair of the Erie Count\' Wclfure AdYison• Board and recently was ' 'icc p~esident of the Buftalo Ch;pter of the Amencan Heart Association. DR. DONALD L. EHRENREICH HAS BEEN APPOINT· ed acting head of the department of neurology, effective August I. An attending neurologist at Buffitlo General Hospital, Dr. Ehrenreich is currently a clinical assistant professor of neurology at UB. He succeeds Walter Olszewski, M.D. Follo\\~ng his post-graduate training in medicine and neurology at Buffillo General Hospital, Dr. Ehrenreich completed a clinical fellowship in neurology at the New England Medical Center Hospital in Boston. He is a diplomate of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, as well as a member of various other professional • organizations. DR. KRISHNA KALYAN·RAMAN, UB ASSOCIATE PRO· fessor of neurology from 1971 to 1976, was recenth• invited to be an examiner for the Ameri~an Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. Dr. Kalyan-Raman is currently professor of chnical neurology at the Uni,·ersiry oflllinois College uf Medicine ar Peoria. He is also a Fellow of the American Academv of Neurology and the American College of Physicians. He recentlv published two articles, one on "Localized Myositis Presenting as Pseudothrombophlebitis" in ArtiHitis and Rlmm111tism, Vol. 25, No. 11; the second, '' M )'Opathic Arthogryposis With Seizures and Abnormal Electroencephalogram" in rhejounllllofPedintrics, Vol. 100, No. 2• DR. WILLIAM V. KINNARD, JR., BUFFALO GENERAL Hospital president, was elected chairman of the \-\'estern New York Hospital Association, Inc., at their annual meeting on June I 5, 1983. He is a UB clinical associate professor of medicine. • DR. EUGENE MINDELL, PROFESSOR AND CHAIR· man of the Orthopaedics Department since 1964, has been recently elected president of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgerv and was JUst appointed the new associate editor of the ]om' nat of &ne aud Joint Smge~y. A University of Chicago Medical School graduate, Dr. Minddl serves as head of the Department of Orthopaedics at Eric County Medical Center (ECMC). His major interests haYe been 111 the field of musculo-skcleton pathology, bone tumors and orthopaedic resident education . As host of the 27th Annu.1l Meeting of the North American Orthopaedic Society, September 21 -24, Dr. Mindel! also spoke on the "Present Status of Surgical Treatment of Bone Sarcoma" and "The Effect of Radiation on Bone &pair Potential." Dr. John Naughton, dean and professor of the School of Medicine welcomed the socicrv and spoke on "Exercise~ in Cardiac &habilitation." Some of the other 20 speakers included: Dr. Clayton Peimer, assistant professor of orthopaedics, who spoke on the topic of nerYe repair; Dr. Peter F. Beagan Dr. E.ll. Mindel/ OR. HARVEY D. PREISLER, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE professor of medicine and Roswell Park Memorial Institute researcher, recciwd .1 $248,204 gr.mt to determine the response of extremely high doses of Ara-C in inducing remission of acute myelocYtic leukemia. Results to date arc promising, says Dr. Preisler, who is chairman of the rhrec-vear studv. Institutions from around the nation ,;·ill send {n their laboratorY data to Dr. Preisler, who will usc computers to jnalvze the inti>rmation. His consortium grant is unusual because it was awarded from manv institutions. • DR. PETER REGAN, UB PROFESSOR OF PSYCHIA· rrv, and Dr. Ellen Grant, clinical instructor of psychiarrv, ha,·e been appointed by Governor Cuomo to the select Commission on the future of the Stare/Local Mental Health Svstem. Dr. &gan also sen·cs as associate chief of Staff for education at \'ererans Administration Medical Center. The commission is charged with rc,·iewing the state's current mental health S\'Stem and preparing recommendations that will clearlv define the roles and responsibilities of stare and local gm-crnment in the planning, regulation and pro,·ision of mental health sen·ices. It will also examine current mechanisms for coordinating and funding mental health sen·ices and de,·ising recommendations for new financing methods that "ill promote effective and efticicnr care. Dr. &gan is also currenrlv the UB Medical School's director of health pohcv stud1es. DR. DONALD P. SHEDD, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE pr?fessor of surgery, was in the &public of South Afnca on a medical lecturing trip in SeptemberOctober, I 983. He participated in a meeting in head and neck cancer 1n Pretona and a seconri meeting in S~m Cin·. Dr. Shedd's assignment was as guest professor at the Uni,·ersitv of Pretoria. He gave lectures on cancer of the tongue and on cancer of the larynx. The duration of the trip was rh_ree weeks. Dr. Shedd is chief of the Department of Head and Neck Surgen: and Oncology at Ro>well Park Memon.1l Institute. • DR. S. MOUCHLY SMALL WILL BE RETIRING FROM the Department of Psvchiam· in 1984. At that rime, he will become p~ofcsso.r emeritus. In vie"' of his long and _distinguished scrYice to rhe Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, and the UniYersiry, a fund in his name is being established. A portrait of Dr. Small will be painted and displayed in an ,1ppropriare place of honor in the Medical School. The Department ofPsvchiarn· would welcome contributions from Dr. Small's former students and colleagues. Checks may be made payable to: S. Mouchly Small Fund, Department of Psychiatry, UB, and fonvarded to Dr. Man•in I. Herz, Department of Psvchiam•, 462 Grider Street, Room 575, Buftalo: l\ew York 14215. • DR. JOHN H. WARFEL, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF anatomical sciences, was cited by the Chapel of the Four Chaplains in Philadelphia on September 25 for his dedicated sen·ice to the Volunteer Services for the Blind . Dr. Warfel has for almost 20 \'Cars sen·ed as narrator for recorded periodicals for the ,·isually handicapped. The Chapel of the Four Chaplains was established and dedicated bv President Truman in 1951 to commemorate the four military chaplains who ga,·e their )i,·es aboard a torpedoed ship in World \'\'ar II. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �Alumni Message from President of the Medical Alumni Association Dear Colleagues: Now that the winte~· season is fast approaching, you should be planning an exciting getaway from the cold and snow in beautiful Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, at the Annual Medical Alumni Symposium, Februan 13-20, 1984. As in the past, topus ofgenml interest to all physicians will be presented with 18 houn ofCategory 1 credit for those attending the program. For further infonnation, please call the Alumni Office at (716) 831-2778. Another eJ>cnt to marl? in vour calenda1· is our senior class reception ag'ain being held at the love~v Albright-Knox Gallery. This year it will talu: place on Sunday, April 8. Attention reunion classes of1929, 1934, 1939, 1944, 1949, 1954, 1959, 1964, 1969 and 1974, as well as all alumni. Be sure and plan to attend Spring Clinical Day being held at the Man·iott hm, Satm•day, Mav 5, 1984. 1 hope to see and meet many ofyou at the above eJ>ents. Thank you Joy supporting yow· alumni association. Sincerely, Eugene Michael Sullivan, M.D. '63 President, Medical Alumni Association Class reunion chairmen: (top row, 1. to r.J CIVIle GeoiTJe '29; VIctor COhen '29; J. Edwin Alford '34; Harry G. LaFoiTJe '34. (2nd row, 1. to r.J GeoiTJe C. Brady '39; James R. Sullivan '44; Julia Cullen '49; Edwald A. Dunlap '54. (31d row, 1. to r.J Daniel C. Kozera '59; J. Frederick Painton '64; Richard E. Wolin '64; William MaJor '69. (4th rowJ Paul H. Wlellblenlec '74. Class of 1929: Dr. Clyde George Looking forward to our 55th reunion! Dr. Victor Cohen "We few, we happy few, we band of brothers" (Shakespeare, King Henry V) will meet encore 1n 1984. Do vour best to be with us. . Class of 1934. Dr. J. Edwitz Alford We arc 38 strong after 50 - We expect you all at the reunion. It should be bigger and better than ever. You will learn that S NYAB is making great strides for the future, particularly your Medical School. Dr. Harry G. LaForge If there was no UB there'd be no me M.D. Class of 1939: Dr. George C. Brady Our fortieth was great! Let's try again for our forty-fifth I Dr. Everett H. Wesp '39 Class of 1944: Dr. James R. Sullivan '44 Hope to sec all the classmates at &union. Class of 1949: Dr. Jttlia Cttllen '49 It's a date - to celebrate! 32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Class of 1954: Dr. Edward A. Dttnlap We made 30 years. Tot badl Dr. Edward A. Rnyhill Class of 1959: Dr. John J. McMah011 Please come to our 25th reunion and renew old friendships. Dr. Daniel C. Kozera Class of 1964: Dr. J. Frederick Paintotz Dr. Richard E. Wolin As Co-chairmen of our 20th &union Class of 1964, Richard Wolin and Fred Painton are looking forward to meeting each of ~'OU on May 5, 1984, Spring Clinical Day, to renew old friendships. Class of 1969: Dr. William Major Hoping to have a large turnout of both in and out of town classmates. Class of 1974: Dr. PatJ-l H. Wierzbieniec Here's hoping that we can renew old fiicndships and sec how time has changed the faces . Dr. James A. Smith �Classnotes ~ O'Gorman blends clinic & farm ..: ~ 0 z 0 1- 0 He also owns a railroad station W By Bob Buyer when he was younger, Kevin N. O'Gorman was tempted to become a physician like his futher and a furmer like some of his Eden neighbors - and he even flirted with a railroad repair caTeer. As a man, he has been strong and lucky enough to be able to satisfy all his youthful notions. When decision times arrived, he adopted a tactic made fumous by a besciged general. He attacked in all directions . . Today, Dr. Kevin . O'Gorman is protcsSlonallv at home in a cattle barn, a meadow, a corn' tield and a physician's examining room and, what's more, he spends much of his working time in a railroad station which he owns. The railroad station on Depot Street in dowhtown Eden next to the Buffillo Southern Railroad tracks is where Dr. O'Gorman set up his medical offices. Two years ago, he bought and rebuilt the Eden Center station that except tor some garage service had been idle for vears. The station has n~w flooring, steps and ot: ficc partitions. But the Eden Center station sign, the railroad lantern fixtures and the grilled ticket window under the Railwav Express Agent sign leave little doubt abou't the building's first function or about Kevin O'Gorman 's railroad bias. O I Cl. f the new Buffillo Southern freight lines whose trains rumble bv the station-office several times a week, D~ O'Gorman said, "I'm not an owner, just an enthusiastic supporter." At 39, Dr. O 'Gorman has shown himself to be a heavyweight inside a 136-pound frame. After graduating from Canisius High School, he went to Cornell Universitv and majored in agricultural economics. Afterwards, he earned a master's degree at the UniV<:rsitv of Detroit. Then h~ spent four years in the Navy and saw service in the Vietnam War. A civilian again in 1972, he turned to medicine. After some academic brushing up at Canisius College, he entered the UB School of Medicine and graduated in 1978. He took his residency at Buffillo Mercy Hospital and while there acquired his railroad station . After a five-month remodelIng eftorr, Dr. O'Gorman last year opened hls office and began his general and internal medicine practice. Along the way, Dr. O'Gorman came to know the Feaslcv fumilv, Eden dairv furmcrs. Brothers Bill and Bob Fcaslev milk '200 cows and need a constant source ~f replacements. B eing men of parts themselves - Bill, a former supervisor, and Bob, a former Farm Bureau president, thought that Dr. O'Gorman, then still in medical school, could manage their replacement operation. In 1977, the Feaslcys and the O'Gormans acquired a !25-acrc farm on a high spot oft' Eden's Sandrock Road. Dr. O'Gorman and his wife, the former Joyce Henry, own the large home and two barns and some of the land . With the pasture and some additional land the O 'Gormans annuallv raise about 80 Fcaslcv Holstein heifers u.ntil thev are ready to )oin the milking team. . "Farming is my relaxation," Dr. O'Gorman said. When his medical obligations are met (they never totally are as his belted telephone beeper shows), he's oft' to Sandrock Road working crops and animal care. Dr. O'Gorman furms evenings, weekends and days off. Joyce O'Gorman handles much of the morning animal feeding, operating the mechanical silo feeder, and keeps things going at home while her husband practices at the railroad station or at a chmc. M rs. O'Gorman also monitors son Brendan, who has more to say than most 2 \/, -vcar-olds, and the family newcomer, 'Katherine, Brendan's Augustborn baby sister. "Joyce was in the hospital having Kathcnne dunng the Ene Countv Fair," Dr. O'Gorman said. "Between ha~·ing office hours, takmg care of the _furm, seeing Joyce at the hosp1tal and runnmg to the Fair, lite was pretty hairy for a fl:w davs," he concr~d. · While his wife was presenting Dr. O'Gorman w1th the1r first daughter, judges at the Ene County Fa1r were awarding him a tirst pnzc for the s!lage corn he had grown. If ra1smg h1s own fumily and the Feaslcvs' cattle fumily aren't enough, the O'Gorm~ns also have a tlock of Dorset sheep. "We usc the lamb for meat and sell some to friends" Dr. O'Gorman said. "Our flock began wi~h three, now \\'e have 35 ." The O'Gorman cattle raising schedule is flcx!blc, not casual. He plows, fits and plants when he can, which is often. The Feaslev brothers fill in at other times. "I take a fe\~' days off at planting time and hope that it doesn ' t rain." H e frequently,~alks with the Feaslcys, his da1rv alhes. If thev want the feed it's theirs,' ; Dr. O'Gorman 'said. "If not, w~ sell it. We usually figure things out in January." From the O'Gorman home, handsome beside a large box elder tree, the barns, the pasture and a small orchard full into view. The high terrain commands views that stretch from the mists arising from Niagara Falls to the lighthouse at Point Abino on Ontario's shores. The vista complements Dr. O 'Gorman's broad view of what life can offer. • (Repri11ted witb permission frvm the Buffolo News) . BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �-- - - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------· Classnotes ROBERT MASON JAEGER , (M'45) • chief of neurosurgerY at Lehigh Valley Hospital Center in Allentown, Pennsylvania, has been elected president of the PennsYlvania Medical Care foundation, a' resource center for Pennsylvania physicians on alternative methods of health care deliverY and financing, headquartered in Le-moyne, Pennsylvania. Dr. Jaeger is also serving as president of the Pennsylvania Neurosurgical Society for 1982-83, and has been elected to a three-year term as a corporate professional member of the Pennsvlvania Blue Shield. Dr. Jaeger resi-des in Allentown with his wife, Sibvl, and three children, and maintains a private practice there. • GUY L. HARTMAN (M'46) • recenth• gave the keynote address for tw~ meetings: The Third Annual MultiDisciplinary Child Abuse Symposium and the Spotlight on Parenting for the Riverside YWCA. He has also gi,·en television interviews and talks on poisonous plants. A pediatrician, he lives in Southern California. • HILLIARD JASON (M'58) • just published a book with his wife Jane, entitled "Teachers and Teaching in U.S. Medical Schools," published by Appleton-Century-Crofts. The book presents the findings and analvsis of a major study of full-time teachers, with a sample drawn from everY medical school in the U.S. Dr. jason is director of the National Center for !'acuity Development and professor of clinical psychiatry and furnil)' medicine at the University of Miami. • PAUL J. LOREE (M'62) • a UB clinical instructor, has been elected chairman S of the Ophthalmology Section of the Medical Society of the State of New York. A residen-t ofTonawanda, New York, he is also director of the Low Vision Clinic at the Eric Count\' Medical Center; attending ophthaimologist at Batavia State School for the Blind and DeGrafr Memorial Hospital; chief of ophthalmology at Kenmore MercY Hospital; and director of the New York State Ophthalmology Society. WALTER A. CERANSKI (M'64) • is an associate professor at the University of Arizona School of Medicine. He · is also a resident in St. joseph's Hospital where he is board-certified in fumily practice. A Phoenix resident, he is continuing medical education chairman of the Arizona Chapter of the American Association of family Physicians. • GEORGE R. COHEN (M'64) • who resides in the Lm Angeles .m:a, recently became a l'cllow of the Internati~nal College of Surgeons and the American AGJdenw of Facial Plas- Jason '58 tic and Rt:constructi\·e SurgerY. He is an assistant clinical instructor at Har- even UB professors, students or their relatives were among victims on board the Korean A1rlmcs plane that was shot down bv a Soviet MiG tighter on September I' 1983. ri\'C of the se,·en victims had links to the UB Medical School. Dr. A he Park, clinical assistant instructor of medical technology, her plwsician husband Min Sik, their daughter, Sarah, 4, and a son, Graham, 2 wcr~ on their wav to visit Min Sik's fumilv in Korea for a 10-dav vacation ":hen the Boeing 747 wa; shot down ncar Sakhalin, J Sovict-ocCUf;ied isl.md north of japan. Medical Technology Department spokespersons described Dr. Park as " a verY lovelY, charming person, who was a pleasure to work with and was very wefl thot;ght of by the staff and her patients." IronicallY, Dr. Park and her husband, both graduates of Korea Univcrsirv Medical School in Seoul, had just recei\'Cd word that thev had both passed their board examinations for licensure in 1'/c" York State. Ahe Park was graduated from the Korean medical school in 1977 and entered a UB residency program, which she would have completed next year, in April, 1980. She was doing her rcsid~ncy at Eric Count\' Medical Center. Min Sik had completed a therapeutiC radiology program at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, but was not currently in practice there at the time of the tragic incident. Both Ahe and Min Sik were reported to be in their earlY 30's. She is survived by fumily members currently residing in the Los Angeles area; his 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN bor General Hospital - UCLA and is board certified in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. • DENNIS PERRY DuBOIS (M'70) • of Williamsville, N.Y., has been elected to l'ellowship in the American College of Cardiology, a society with 12,000 members. Dr. DuBois, a graduate of Wagner College, New York Citv, is currentlY director of coronary care at B~1ffalo General Hospital. • DANIEL J. MORELLI (M'74) • clinical assistant professor and former medical director of the l'amilv Medicine Center at Millard Fillmo~ Hospital, has assumed the responsibilities as vice chairman of UB's Department of Family Medicine. He completed his postgraduate studies at Deaconess. • NORBERT SZYMULA (M'74) • clinical assistant professor at UB, has been named the assistant chairman for public education for the American Acadenw ofOtolaryngologic Allergy (AAOA ), headquartered in Washington, D.C. In this advisory role, Dr. Szymula designed an information pamphlet for the national societv. Dr Szvmula has been active on th~ speake;'s trail with lectures at the annual meeting of AAOA in Anaheim, Calif., in October and at St. Petersburg, !'lorida, Temple Univcrsin·, and HersheY, Pennsylvania. This November, h.e lectured at Buffulo's Veterans Administration Medical Center and then flew west again to speak about allergies at Northwestern UniversitY. In a related matter, Dr. Szvmula has had a paper about mold ~llergy accepted for publication .by the jour1Jal of Clinicnl Ecology. It should be published by the end of this vear or early 1984. • RUSSELL VAN COEVERING II (M'77) • announces the birth of his second daughter, Rose Ann. He recently attended the SYNTEX Investigators meetings on Triphasic and Biphasic Birth Control Pills in San francisco. He is a UB clinical assistant 111structor. MARK S. GLASSMAN (M'78) • has been appointed assistant professor of pediatrics at the Yale School of Medicine, ,titer completing his fellowship in pediatric gastroenterology at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia last June. He is a staff pediatrician at Norwalk Hospital, Ct. Dr. Glassman, who lives at 167 God!Tcv Road East, Weston, Ct. 06883, married Ctrol B. Shapiro in October 1982. GREG ROBERTS (M'78) • a psychologist, is currently in private practice in Sioux City, Iowa, where he resides. • JOHN P. SCANLON (M'78) • n:ccmlv joined Share-Health Plan of St. Paui, Minnesota, as an internist. He lives with his wife Connie and infunt daughter Erin. DOUGLAS H. MOFFAT (M'79) • clinical assistant professor, has been appointed to the position of medical director of the l'amilv Medicine Center at Deaconess' Hospital. l'ollowing completion of a residency in l'amilv Medicine at Deaconess, he entered - into private practice 111 Western Ne" York . • Deaths fumily is living in Korea. The fumily resided in Eggertsville. A lso aboard the plan was Chin Fan Kung, 60, futher of Dr. Hank F. Kung, . assistant pro!Cssor in the Department of Nuclear Medicine and srafr physicran at Veterans Administration Medical Center, and of Peter F. Kung, a graduare .;tudent 111 the Computer Science Department. _ . A Citizen ofTal\van, where he was a high school teacher, Mr. Kung had \'!Sited h1s sons for the summer and was returning home when he was killed. Another \'ICtlm of the Korean airplane tragedy was UB student \Voon Kwang S1ow, 22, who was graduated this spring with a double major in computer science and electrical engineering. O~e of ten children, he was returning to his homeland of Malaysia to estabhsh illS own software business. He had not seen his fumily in four years. While 111 the United States, his host; were members of the fumilv of Dr. Charles Fourt~er, UB associate professor of biology and associate dean of the Faculty of Natural SCiences and Mathematics. Fourtncr said that after deliberating whether or not to remain in America to pursue h1s master's degree, Siow decided that he missed his fumilv and wanted to go home. ' S ayuri Mano, 2~ , of Nagova, Japan, was the seventh UB-associatcd ,·ictll1~ of the Soviet attack on the plane. She had studied at B as a fine arts maJor for two semesters in 1982, and had attended a 12-week summer �-------------------------------------------------------~~~ Deaths I course in the Intensive English Language Institute in 1981 . Miss Mano transferred to Manhattan College of Fine Arts in New York City last full and received her degree there this summer. She was returning home aboard Flight 007. Kore.1n Airlines flights to Seoul arc popular among persons trawling to the Orient, cspeciallv Japanese. Tra,·clers can save about $40 bv taking a KAL flight to Seoul, then a short flight to Tokyo. Had the incident happened a week earlier, a Uni,·crsitv official remarked, cn:n more Buffulo students ma\' have been lost, since ab~ut half the graduating class of the summer Inrcn·sive English Language Institute program returned home then bv KAL to Seoul. • DR. WILLIAM B. CLAYTON Ill (M'77) • died of germ cell carcinoma on Aug11st 17 in his home in Appalachin , N.Y. He was 32 years old . He attended Union College in Schenectady where he was an outstanding studcnr, graduating magna mm !nude with honors in biology, a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi and a Nott scholar. After Jca,·ing Buffllo, he completed the fumil)' pr.Ktice residencv .md a teaching fellowship in fumily practice at Charles Wilson Memorial Hospital in Johnson Citv, N .Y. He then served as assistant director of the Familv Practice Program at \\iilson . . This past vcar he was chosen as the "Omstanding Teacher, Role Model , and Menror" bv the fumily practice residents (an annual award). He is survi,·ed by his wife, Eileen , and his daughter, Katie (3 \12 vcars old).• DR. EDWARD F. DODGE (M'28) • who practiced medicine in Niagara f.1lb ti>r 38 years, died September 19 .lt Sauer Memorial Home in \\'inona , Minn., where he lived for the last six \'Cars. A retired physician and surgeon, he practiced medicine in Niagara falls from 1929 to 1967 and was on the stafr o f Mounr St. M,m•'s Hospital and Niagara falls Memorial Medical Center He was medical direcror tor KimberlyClark Corp., Niagara Falls for 32 years. He enliHed as a Liemcnant Comm,mder in the U.S. ~an· during World W~r II. Bdo re graduating from the UB Medical School he .mended Niagara Falls area schools and the Universin· of Notre Dame. He was a member of St. Marv'; Church in Winona, the Niagara f.11ls Country Club, the Niagara Club, and the Youngsrown Yacht Club. The longtime stafr member at Mount St. Marv's Hospital was remembered as a fine fumily physician who served his patienrs well, hospital Chief of Staff Dr. Lester Schitt' said on beh.1lf of his ;t.lfr. Dr. Dodge, an avid goiter, was also remcmbcn:d as h.l\'ing \er\' loy•1l p.ltients because of his service and friendship, Dr. Schilt' said . He married Agnes Dell Dodge, who survi,·es, on September 25, 1928 in Niagara falls. He is also survi,·ed by a son, three daughters, 16 gr.mdchildren, and 12 great-grandchildren (!Tom the Ningmn Falls Gazette, 9/27/83)• DR. JACK C. FOLEY (M'46) • died on June 27, 1983, in Orm·ille, C.1liti>rni.1, where he lud practiced radioi<Jg'' since 1955. He lcaws a" it<: & fi,·c children . • DR. CHESTER J. KAMINSKI (M'38) • .1ssist.111t clinical professor of obstetrics & gynecology, died of cardiac arrest in Rochester, Julv 6, 1983, "hile ,·isiting his daughter~ Dr. K~minski, 69, was also on staff at Eric Counn· Medical Center (since 1973), Children's Hospital, and Millard Fillmore ·Hospital. A nati,·e of Buff.do, he m.1intained .1 pri,·ate practice on Bailey A\enuc. He was a fellow of both the American College of Surgeons .md the Americ.1n College of Gvnecologists. In addition, he was a member of the Butblo Obstetric .md Gvnecological Socictv and the medic.1l societies of Eric Cou ntv and Ne\\; York State. . An. acti\T member of the East Aurora Countn· Club, he is sun·i,·cd bv his wife Eileen (UB School of Nursing, '44), three d~ughters, a son, five grandchildren and a brother. • SCOTT A. LANE • UB medical studenr was killed in a motorcvcle accident on August 20 in Port Col borne, Ontario. A native of Buffulo, .he was born • January 4, 1962, the son of Alan and Joyce Ellis Lane. ~R . WILLIAM R. LEWIS (M'32) • of Lewiston died September 25 in Niagara falls Memorial Medical Center after a shorr illness . , He was born in Freeland , Pa. , and was a longtime rcsidenr of the ~i.1gara falls area. Dr. Lewis started his medical practice in 1933 and practiced general medicine tor 15 years before speciali zing in ophthalmologv from which he rcnrcd in 1979. He sen·ed 2 Y, vcars in the Arnw Medical Corps during World War II. He was a past presid~nt of the Niagara County Medical Society. Dr. John Armeni.1, a t<:llow ophthalmologist in the ,1rea, said Lc\\IS h.1d Members of the campus Korean community protest downing of civilian airliner by Soviets. the wide respect of the ophthalmologists in Western New York . "He was an cxtremelv conscientious doctor." He is su;_·i,·cd b\' his wif~, frances (Ardan ) Lewis; a d.lLighter, Mrs. Edw.lrd (M.ugaret) ~dgers ot Lewiston; a son, William R. Lewis, Jr. of Poughkeepsie, N .\.; illS SISter, Mrs. Norman (Martha) MacAskill of Niagara falls; and six grandchildren. DR. ROBERT R. NORTHRUP • prominent local physician from the Chautauqua Counn· town of Westfield , N.Y. died June 17, 1983 at age 75. His funeral was marked by an m ·crtlow crowd and an outpouring of altection tor the doctor who was well-known bv his communitv and noted for his vibrancy BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 35 �Deaths and chantable acttvirics. Not long before his death, he was honored with rwo awards. The Medical Society of the State of New York, at irs !76th Annual Convention,. presented him with an award commemorating his half-century of serviCe to hrs patients. A month after that, We>tficld Rotary Club made him a Paul Harris Fellow, the highest honor the club can bestow 'o n a member. He was chosen because he was instrumental in establishing Westfield's first hospital in 1941; he also delivered irs first babv. A graduate of both Cornell and UB (M'32), he. won the Gibson Anatomical Award and Roswell Park Surgery Award whrlc a student here. He was a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha Honorary Medical Society and 1 u Sigma Nu Medical Fraternity. Shortly after completing his internship in BuffiJo, he mm·ed to .'v\'estficld. There he set up general practice and, except for three years ofser.'ICe dunng World War II, remained for the rest of his life. Known for his love of singing, he headed his church's choir and always led his fraternity organizations in song. With an abundance of humorous experiences during his 50 vcars of doctoring, Dr. orthrup shared one during an inter.·iew with the Westfield Republimu. "A woman came uno my office complaining of a backache. So I told her to stand up, went around to her back and pulled up her skirt. 'Where does it hurt~,' I said. • p here,' she said, pointing to her neck." Dr. Northrup also scr.·ed his community as a member and past pn:sident of the Westfield board of education for seven \'Cars. He assisted in the building of the present-day Westfield Acadm1~· and Central School. He was .1 member of the AMA, life member of the Medical Socierv of the State of Nc\\ York, a member of the American Acadcnw of Familv Pl;vsicians, past president of the Chautauqua County Medical Socicrv and fo~lll­ ding member of the Chaurauqua Count\' Mental Health Board. Dr. Northrup is sur.·ived b)' his wife Berry, two daughters, a son and a sister. • DR. HAROLD WASS (M'38) • 68, died on May 21. A Buffillo area resident, he was a clinical instructor at UB and associate in surgery from 1.961 to 1974. • DR. OLE HOLTERMANN • UB research assistant professor in microbiology and chief of Roswell Park Memorial Institute's Dermatology Department, died of cyanide poisoning October 14. Police reported the death of the 57-yearold Nor.vegian citizen as a suicide. Dr. Holtermann \\JS a cancer research dermatologist .lt the insrirure 'incc I 970 before r.1king over the dermatology department this year. After recci1·- ing his M.D. from the University of Copenhagen and his Ph.D. from the Universirv of Oslo, Nor.vav, he settled in the U.S. where he became assistant professor of microbiology at the University of 1 orre Dame. A spokesperson from the institurc said Dr. Holtermann was well liked and respected by fellow staffers. DR. MAX CHEPLOVE (M'26) • Medical pioneer and clinical professor emeritus died at age 81 on September 6 in Buff.J.lo. A prominent and dedicated phvsician for 54 years, his repuration gained him numerous honors and a devoted following of patients. He was a former chairman of the Department of General Practice at Millard Fillmore Hospital, as well as former president of the Eric County Medical Society, which he helped found. Dr. Cheplove was. named Erie County's" Family Doctor of the Year," a Bttjfoki Nell's "Ourstandmg Cmzen," both in 1968, and received the Samuel P. Capen Award for outstanding services to B bv an alumnus in 1970. While he was alive, the Eric County Chapter of rh~ New York Stare Academy of Family Plwsicians established the Max Cheplovc Annual Award for important contributions to fumily medicine. The death of Dr. Chcplove, who was the classical image of the oldfashioned fumily doctor, was considered by the Buffoki Ne~P.< to be the close of an era. Dr. Herbert Joyce, professor of fumily medicine, wrote of him sl~ortly before his death, "To me, you have always been the epitome of the tnre fumrly doctor- kindly, understanding, compassionate and devoted to your fumily and our profession." He continued, "So many of the ills that bcfull medicine in these tortuous times would nor exist if all physicians would emulate your pattern of professionalism ." . Despite a stroke and cancer, Dr. Cheplove remained busy and acm•e, visiting shut-in patients until he entered the hospiral. Two weeks before his death, he testified at a legal hearing ro help a cardiac patient get her Social Security benefits reinsrated. As word of Dr. Cheplol'e's weakened condition spread, people, many who were life-rime patients of his, flocked to his office. One patient ga1·e him a rose for every day the doctor was in the hospital. He was considered to be a medical pioneer because he kd the local tight to make t:~mily practice a highly respected subspecialrv. He held top local and state posts in rhe American Academy of General Practice and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Sur.·il'ing him arc his wife Svlvia (Cohen), one daughter and three grandchildren. • Calendar DIVISION OF COMPUTER MEDICINE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY PRACTICE MICRO-COMPUTER COURSE • Course II (Advanced), Monday, Fcbruar.· 13, 1984, to Thursdav, Februa~· 16. 6-9 p.m. each da;•. Course II co1·crs derails of com purer hardware, including CPU3, memory, hard and floppy discs, printers, ere.; advanced programming in BASIC; and the CP/M, MP/M, and OASIS operating systems. ~imi~cdro scl'cn participants. $200 fee. For mformarion , conracr Holmes or Pam at 716-897-2700. DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY CONTINUING EDUCATION PROGRAM • Gmnd Founds: January 6, !984, "Children:s Fear of uclcar War: An Underestimated Clinical Factor~" Andrea JJcobson, M.D., Ph.D., moderator, assistant professor and d1rector of fumilv rherapv, UB; January 13, "Pe~onal Autonomy and Psychological Well-Being in Late Adulthood," Irene Hulicka, Ph .D. , proBUFFALO PHYSICIAN fcssor, State University College at Buffi.lo; Januar.• 20, "Thinking Ethics: A PreliminarY Report," James Warde, M.D., commissioner, Erie County Department of Mental Health; January 27, "The Impact of the Physical Environment on Human Behavior," Sara Czaja, Ph .D., president, Applied Ergonomics Group, Inc., adjunct .lS.'>istant professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, UB. All Grand Rounds arc held at 10:30 a.m. at the Eric Count\' Medical Center. U11ir>ersitv Acaden;ic Series: Januar.• 5, 198{ "The Neuropharmacology of Antidepressant Therapy,'' Richard \\'olin, M.D., clinical associate professor, Department of Psychiatry, UB; Januan• 12, "'vVhich Vietnam Vererar~s Get Post-Traumatic tress Disorder~" Norman Solkoff~ Ph.D., professor of psychology, UB; January 19, "Erectile Dysfunction : Medical, Psychological and Treatment Aspeers," Peter Russell, Ph .D., clinical psychologist, private practice; Kevin Pranikotf, M.D., assistant professor, Department of Urology, UB, and urologist, Erie County Medical Center. The foregoing three Academic Series programs will be held at 10:30 a.m ., each dare, in the Veterans Administration Medical Center. On January 25, at 9 a.m., Andrea Jacobson, M .D., assistant professor, Department of Psychiatry, UB, wrll conduct Grand Rounds in Psvchiarr.· at the Gowanda Psvchiarric Center, Forensic Classroo~. To apply for any of these contact: James M. Serapiglia, Ph. D., Department of Psychiatry, 462 Grider Srreer, Buffalo, N.Y. I42I5. THE THIRD NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION • February 9-12, 1984. Fort Lauderdale Ma~­ riott Hotel and Marina, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Chairman: Emanuel Lcbenthal, M.D. Sponsored bv Continuing Medical Education a;1d the Department of Pediatrics, UB; All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida; and the Department of Pediatrics, Universin• of South Florida, Tampa. 20 credit hours. Fcc: Physicians in practice, $275 ; allied health professionals, Sl50. For further information, please conracr Ravna Dutton, CME coordinator, Continuing Medical Education, Children's Hospital, 219 'Bryant Street, Buffulo, N.Y. 14222. Telephone (collect) 716-878-7630/7640. THE FOURTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT ADVANCES IN PEDIATRIC LUNG DISEASES • March 16-18, 1984. Sarasota H varr House, Sarasota, Florida. C,hairman: Gcrd J.A. Cropp, M.D., Ph.D. Sponsored by: Continuing Medical Educarion and the Department of Pediatrics, UB, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, College of Medicine. For information, see entry above. �Calendar of movement in paralyzed patients. Others on the program include Dr. George J. Alker, Jr.. acting chairman of UB's Department of Radiology; Rochester's Dr. Charles J. Gibson; Dr. Edward A. Stehlik of UB and Erie County Medical Center's Spinal Cord Injury Unit; and Dr. Robert E. Cooke, medical director of Buffalo's Robert Warner Rehabilitation Center. Specialty meetings for physicians, rehabilitation nurses, physical and occupational therapists and counselors will be held at 2 p.m., Sept. 22. Members of the Inter-Urban Spinal Cord Association include Physicians and other health and social service professionals from Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse; and Kingston, Ottawa, Thronto, Hamilton and London, Ontario. Patients and their families are invited to attend the Friday sessions at a reduced registration fee. Registration is $50 for health professionals. For further information, contact the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, ECMC, 462 Grider St., Buffalo 14215. TASTE AND SMELL IN DISEASE • Dr. Susan S. Schiffman, a medical psychologist fom Duke University. will give a presentation on "Thste and Smell in Disease," sponsored by Thps Friendly Markets and UB's Multidisciplinary Graduate Group in Nutritional Science. Late September. Details to be announced. DR. MITCHELL I. RUBIN DAY • Friday. October 7, 1983. Kinch Auditorium, Children's Hospital [scientific session) and Buffalo Marriott Inn (reception and din- ner). This event will honor the multiple local and international contributions of Mitchell I. Rubin, M.D., to the teaching, practice and science of pediatrics. All colleagues. former students and friends are invited to attend both the scientific session during the day and the evening events at the Marriott. Please call or write: Mrs. Debbie Licata, Medical Staff Office, Children's Hospital, 219 Bryant Street, Buffalo, N.Y. 14222 (716-878-7406) for information and reservations. ONCOLOGY SEMINAR SERIES • "Metastasis." October 4-6, 1983. Chairperson, Dr. Leonard Weiss. "Molecular Events in Differentiation and Neoplasia:· November 10, 1983. Chairperson: Dr. Timothy O'Connor. "Update in Neurological Oncology." December 8, 1983. Chairper- son: Dr. Charles West. All programs in the series are held at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. A fee of $45 is charged for physicians for each seminar. Residents are assessed $15 and there is no fee for students. Contact: Gayle Bersani, cancer control coordinator. (716) 845-4406. Co-sponsors with Roswell Park are the American Cancer Society, New York State Division and Erie County unit. These seminars qualify for Category I credit toward the A.M.A. Physician's Recognition Award. prescribed credit by the American Academy of Family Physicians. and Category 2-D credit by the American Osteopathic Association. ------ ------------------------------------------------------------- IIIII I BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 NO POSTAG E STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 920003223400 MD 44 DR. ROBERT L. BROWN 156 BRANTWOOD ROAD NY 14226 BUFFALO -----------------------------------------------------------------LET US HEAR FROM YOU Fill out this card (Please print or type all entries) Name _________________________________________________ Year MD Received ___________ Office Address _______________________________________________________________________ HomeAddress _______________________________________________________________________ If not UB, MD received from -------------------------------------------------------------In Private Practice: Yes 0 No 0 In Academic Medicine: Yes 0 No 0 Specialty ------------------------------------------------Part Time 0 Full Time 0 School Title ___________________________________ Other: Medical Society Memberships: NEWS: Have you changed positions, published , been involved in civic activities, had honors bestowed, etc.? _______________ Please send copies of any publications, research or other original work . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, December 1983 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. 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Rubin Mentor, father figure, role model Low Infant Birth Weight UB Research Increasing Quadriplegic Index Spinal Cord Injuries Research Hospitals Medical School News Students Book Review People Alumni Classnotes Deaths Calendar Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-05 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v17n04 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 40 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. New York (State) -- Buffalo Is Format Of A related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format. Journals and magazines (periodicals) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1983 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/39a9629fe889f9ae427e133373550b0e.pdf 43052d0e46f535382b169e5abb05652c PDF Text Text Volume 17, Number 3, September 1983 �The University at Buffalo will alter its graduation ceremonies in 1984. President Steven Sample, in an attempt to increase the cohesiveness of the university academic community, has announced that there will be a General University Commencement on the morning of May 20, 1984 and a Professional and Graduate University Commencement that afternoon. These two major core events will be the focus for the granting of degrees and will in general, be in keeping with the earlier traditions of the University of Buffalo. Each professional school will have its own Convocation Services on the same day. In keeping with the past and more recent traditions, the School of Medicine's Convocations will include the administration of the Oaths of Hippocrates and of Maimonides, the signing of the Book of Physicians graduated from UB, the hooding of each graduate, and the awarding of the honors recognitions to graduates. As always, the parents and students will be honored at a reception which will follow the ceremonies. The commencement and convocation services will be held on the Amherst Campus. Although change often causes a degree of concern and anxiety for those involved, there is every reason to expect that the traditions of the past graduation ceremonies of the School of Medicine will be carrted forward with the same importance of dignity and respect that have characterized the 136 previous ceremonies. The faculty and I look forward to the parents of the graduates of the Class of 1984 and to the graduates sharing in providing a new era ofleadership and image for the School of Medicine and the University at Buffalo with the initiation of this revised format. -John Naughton, M.D. ., �Contents BUFFALO 1 Outreach • Major grants enable Family Medicine Department to bring new emphasis to its programs of rural medicine and preventive care. 6 The Perry, N.Y. Medical Center • A textbook case in small town medicine. 7 Car Seat Law • Family Medicine resident Dr. Lynda Karig Hohmann was recently selected as winner of a national award for her active role in getting the State law passed which requires special car seats for children under five. 8 Transplants • The survival rate is up, says organ transplantation pioneer Dr. Thomas Starzl of the University of Pittsburgh . 9 New course may be a first • Future physicians here are learning how to provide more effective care for the poor and disadvantaged. PHYSICIAN STAFF Executive Editor, University Publications Robert T. Marlett Art Director Rebecca Bernstein Health Sciences Editor Mary Beth Spina Photography Francis Specker Ed Nowak ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Mr. Daniel Newcomb Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James Smigelski Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. Maggie Wright TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center ., Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson. director. in association with the School of Medicine. State University of New York at Buffalo 11 The Presidential Heartbeat • UB History Professor Milton Plesur discusses how health problems have affected the occupants of the White House. 16 AIDS • There is no significant evidence to support growing concern that AIDS may be transmitted via blood derivatives or transfusions, according to Dr. James F. Mohn, chairman of New York State's Council of Human Blood and Transfusion Services. 18 Research • Reports at the School of Medicine's first Research Day Symposium focus on treatment of accident victims, asthma research , the University's new NMR facility, and work on coronary artery and kidney diseases. Radiation plus drug treatment increases survival rates for patients with cancer of the uterine cervix. 23 Medical School News • Dean John Naughton named acting vice president for health sciences. New MD-PhD program trains medical scientists. Dean's staff reorganized . 12th annual Orthopaedic Day. UB ranks 24th nationally in percentage of minority students in med school. Rekate, Schenk, Katz honored at annual faculty meeting. 26 Students • Most MD graduates leave here $25,000 in debt. Summer programs provide exposure to research work for minority students. 31 People • Dr. Carl J. van Oss honored by Dutch government for his role in helping save Jews from the Nazis during the occupation of Holland in World War II. Other news about people you know. 36 43 44 Alumni • The annual register of dues-paying medical alumni lists 1,073 members. Classnotes • News of the classes. Calendar • A few coming events. Ctwer Plllto: Fralcls $IIICk.THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN , (USPS 551-860) September 1983- Volume 17, Number 3 published five times annually: February, May, July, September, December - by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buf· falo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN , 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. ��Outreach Major grants enable Family Medicine to bring new emphasis to programs in rural medicine, preventive care P By Mary Beth Spina rojects ranging from a program to acquaint students with medical practice in underserved rural areas to a computerized system which will help physicians practice preventive medicine will be funded by $1.4 million in grants from the U.S. Public Health Service to faculty in the UB Department of Family Medicine. Approximately $525,000 of the total over t~e three-year funding period will be used for faculty support and residents' salaries, according to Dr. Herbert Joyce, acting chairman of the Department. The remaining $862,000 will underwrite four major projects designed to add new dimensions to either medical students' education or family medicine residents' training. Dr. Raymond Bissonette, associate professor, is director of these projects. Among them is a new program to stimulate medical students' interest in future practice in medically underserved areas. WorkUB medical student Ann Smith and Town Supervisor Ross Roberts on the main street of Perry, N.Y. (large photo). In inset photo, Ms. Smith assists Perry practitioner Or. Thomas Rosenthal in patient exam. Perry is one of several towns used to acquaint future physicians with rural practice. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 3 �rural health settings favorably influences medical students' decisions to consider practicing in such areas. "But even if the students choose not to locate in medically underserved areas, they will have a better understanding of the burdens of the rural family physician and the quality of medicine practiced on patients referred to them," Dr. Bissonette adds. Rural communities where students are being placed with preceptors include Warsaw, Gowanda, Arcade, North Collins. Ripley, Dansville, Perry. Persia, Otto. Westfield, Mayville, Wellsville, Andover and Castile-Pike. A Dr. Raymond Bissonette (left), Mrs. Holmes McGuigan, an administrative assistant, and Dr. Marlon Koenigsberg at Deaconess Family Practice Center. ing 40 hours per week at tasks commensurate with their skills and education levels, approximately 25 third- and fourth-year students will be placed with volunteer clinical faculty in rural settings. "Many young physicians discard the idea of rural practice simply because they have no experience with it. They picture country doctors as still practicing in lean-to's using flashlights and Boy Scout knives," says Dr. Bissonette. I n the past, UB students had the opportunity to work with rural physicians. but lack of money to defray living expenses and transportation to outlying areas discouraged many who otherwise would have participated. In addition to encouraging students to consider future careers in rural medicine, the new program allows faculty in remote areas to actively participate in UB's teaching effort. In order to maintain faculty status in the Department of Family Medicine, volunteer clinical faculty generally are expected to provide the equivalent of 288 hours of teaching supervision in their offices each year. "Family medicine must be taught in a setting which concentrates on delivery of primary ambulatory care. This simple reality escalates the importance of our volunteer clinical faculty,'' says Dr. Bissonette. Primary ambulatory care, he explains, must be rendered by physicians who provide continuous. comprehensive care emphasizing prevention and a focus on the entire family. "The hospital,'' he adds. "is not where family medicine is typically practiced. Nor is the clinic where the patient expects to see a different physician each visit." Dr. Bissonette believes the new program involving the rural physicians will demonstrate to often skeptical medical students that good medicine can be practiced in remote areas. "Prejudice against rural physicians by some of their urban colleagues stems from the fact that city doctors see those patients the country doctors refer for further diagnosis or treatment - leading to the erroneous belief that rural medicine is not quality medicine,'' Dr. Bissonette says. These consulting specialists, however. do not see the vast majority of the rural patients who are diagnosed and treated appropriately without referral. Diseases don't change when one crosses the city limits, but management of these diseases does change. Dr. Bissonette says, with the burden p rimarily borne by rural physicians whose skill and judgement are critical. Studies conducted at UB suggest that experience in 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN second newly funded program involves development and implementation of an interdepartmental course for sophomore medical students between the Departments of Family Medicine and Pharmacology and Therapeutics. This elective, one-semester course. to be taught twice annually beginning in the fall, will focus on pharmacological management of illnesses commonly seen in ambulatory medicine, including hypertension, upper respiratory infections, otitis media, diabetes, congestive heart failure, headaches. vaginitis. arthritis. depression and anxiety. "These are common problems routinely presented to the family physician which almost always require control with medication," Dr. Bissonette says. "We designed the course because we did not believe most students had the opportunity to learn enough about the pharmacology used in treating these complaints." Thught by faculty in both departments, the course is a collaboration of clinicians and scientists addressing real world medical problems. Students will be presented material dealing both with medications used in treatment of conditions routinely seen by family physicians and with the management of medical problems for which there are no effective phamacologic agents. Drug interactions . appropri;~.te utilization of generic drugs. problems of patient compliance, special medication problems of the elderly, cost control, and collaboration with the pharmacist as a member of the health care team will be addressed. too. A lso funded through the USPHS grants is a program for student participation in clinical research projects under supervision of faculty in the Department. Coordinated by Research Assistant Professor Dr. Marlon Koenigsberg, the program emphasizes research conducted in ambulatory care settings. "Clinical research is an area in which most medical students have little or no opportunity to gain experience," says Dr. Koenigsberg. "and one which has virtually limitless oppor tunities." Student Megan Farrell has already begun work with Dr. Koenigsberg on a study to examine interaction of known risk factors identified with cardiovascular disease to determine if some combinations appear more likely to increase the odds of developing the disorder. "Smoking, genetic predisposition. obesity, hypertension and personality type have all been linked with cardiovascular disease," Dr. Koenigsberg says, "but we haven't known whether some combinations of factors are more likely to increase incidence than others." Student Rubens Panies is working with Dr. Richard Botelho, clinical assistant professor and medical director of Akron-Newstead Community Health Center of Buffalo General Hospital, in a study to determ ine factors which contribute to effective use of the breast cancer self-exam. Dr. Botelho says resu lts of in terview surveys conducted by Panies on women prior to routine con sultation at the Health Center may help develop strategies_ f~r influencing health behavior relevant to fe m a les hvmg in rural communities. .. �,, (Above) Dr. Richard Botelho, director of the Akron-Newstead Health Center (left), with student Rubens Panies. (Inset) Ross Roberts, Perry Town Supervisor, an active supporter of the Perry Medical Center (see next page). Noting that breast cancer is the most common form of malignancy among women, Dr. Botelho says some patients don't perform the self-exam routinely because they're afraid they'll find a suspicious lump. Others don't because they haven't been taught the technique. In another project, student Craig Schmidt is working with Dr. Frederick Cooley, clinical assistant professor of family medicine, to learn how several screening devices may help physicians identify patients with early medical problems related to alcohol. "Some patients have medical problems which can alert the physician to the possibility that the patient is an alcohol abuser," Dr. Cooley says. A combination of biological, physical and psychosocial screening devices. he feels, can more effectively permit the physician to "target" individuals who may have crossed the line to alcoholism. Then the doctor can introduce a line of conversation which can lead to early intervention of the problem. But early intervention- in itself- is not the goal. All the physician can say on the basis of such assessments, Dr. Cooley cautions, is that the patient appears to have medical problems or social difficulties related to alcohol overindulgence. As with any medical problem which requires behavior modification on the patient's part. accepting the fact that a problem exists and accepting treatment is up to the patient. Another grant-funded project headed by Dr. Koenigsberg concerns a computer program for a demonstration project in preventive medicine involving residents in the Family Medicine Program. "Appropriate patient screening varies with age, sex, history and other risk factors." he says. But if a busy physician does not carefully review each patient's record before office visits, necessary interventions may not be ordered in a timely fashion or may be undertaken with unnecessary and costly frequency. By entering a patient's age, sex and other information including past and current medical problems into an especially programmed computer, a physician can be proBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 5 �vided with a printout of tests which should be ordered at the individual's next visit. This will supplement- but not replace - clinical judgment. " Research," says Dr. Koenigsberg, "is not limited to the laboratory setting. In fact, much information can be gained in the clinic to help a physician practice more comprehensive, prevention-oriented medicine." Toward this end, members of the Department who have been involved in research at UB and elsewhere are actively encouraging volunteer faculty interested in conducting studies to use either the Family Practice Center population base or patients in their own practice. Educationally-oriented projects, such as a seminar held recently on microcomputers, are used to acquaint community-based clinical faculty with resources available through UB for research. "Perhaps more than any other specialty area of medicine, family medicine has concentrated almost entirely on practice with little or no emphasis on research," Dr. Koenigsberg explains. This is because most of those who choose family medicine do so because they want full-time responsibility for delivering care; few are inclined toward research. But there are those who have an interest in clinical research among ambulatory patients and see a need for it. "It is for them that we are attempting to offer support through consultations on research, statistical design and other techniques necessary for planning viable research," Dr. Koenigsberg points out. In addition, there is an indication that residents recently graduated from the Family Medicine Program who are now practicing in Western New York have an interest in conducting clinical research projects. "Dr. Henry DiMuzio, who completed a residency here in July, for instance, worked with Dr. Koenigsberg on a study of factors which influence the outcome of teenage pregnancies. Resident Dr. Charles Grizzanti worked with Dr. Robert Seller, professor of family medicine. on research comparing the health of unmarried women with children to that of married mothers and the health of their youngsters. "Since family medicine graduates practice in a variety of settings- urban, rural and suburban, there is excellent opportunity for joint research projects with different populations," Dr. Koenigsberg points out. "A great many good research projects, I predict, will be conducted by our volunteer faculty once they understand its importance in their medical specialty and learn of the resources we are prepared to offer them," he believes. Faculty in Family Medicine interested in knowing more about research opportunities should contact Dr. Koenigsberg at 897-2700. • Perry, N.Y.: success in serving the 'underserved' T he Perry, N.Y., Medical Center could probably serve as a textbook case in small town medical practice. Located in a former supermarket building not 100 yards from an impressive stand of sweet corn, the Center was bustling on a warm Monday morning this July. An entire family climbed out of a station wagon for a visit to the Letchworth Family Medicine Group which has offices there: Grandma, flanked by two rambunctious older children, trailed Mom and the baby. An aged woman, her chin bent close to her chest, was gingerly steered across the parking lot by a gentleman of equal age but with a slightly spritelier step. A van bearing the seal of the Wyoming County Social Services Department disembarked a social worker, a young man and a teenage girl with a baby. The "couple" weren't more than children themselves. They walked into the County Mental Health Clinic which is also situated in the Center. Shingles displayed on the plate glass front window of the building announced that a dentist and a physician in single practice are also housed in the facility. So is a radiologist from the Wyoming County Hospital in nearby Warsaw who spends part of his week serving people in Perry. Town Supervisor Ross Roberts beamed as he talked about the Center. It opened about a decade ago. The late L. Erwood Kelly, former town supervisor, worked hard to get it established. Kelly thought it would help attract the physicians who were so badly needed in Perry in those days. A local man named William Thill thought so, too. He put up the money. The facility proved attractive to Dr. Thomas Rosenthal, a graduate of UB. He set up a family medicine practice there and then recruited Drs. J . Thomas Reagan and Rodney Logan to join him. They're from UB as well. UB medical students are also part of the scene. The town provides a rent-free furnished apartment for students taking Family Medicine clinical rotations with the Letchworth Group, enabling often financially-strapped doctorsto-be to experience small town practice first-hand without the added hardship of having to commute or pay for temporary quarters. One of these students, Ann Smith, was 6 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN l I _!- r PERRY MEDICAL CENTER there this summer. She had always thought she'd like a small town practice, but thanks to her time in Perry, she said, she now knows it's for her. Having found her place, Ann Smith was spending all the time she could at the Family Medicine Group offices. She was there during all office hours, seeing, helping, assisting, learning to be a physician on the firing line just 100 yards from the corn where a lot of the tough medical action is. Drs. Rosenthal, Reagan and Logan .are. al~ practicing in Perry partly because they took part m similar preceptorship programs there. They are living proof that these programs do help get physicians into t:nder~~rved rural areas. In fact, Perry is probably not even m the underserved" category any more. • �Car seat law Dr. Hohmann, shown strapping young child into restraining seat, wants seat belts to be mandatory for 5-10 year-olds (inset). Resident helped get it passed N ew York State parents who have to pay $40 for legally-mandated approved car seats for their youngsters should consider the outlay one of the best investments they'll ever make, according to UB Family Medicine resident Dr. Lynda Karig Hohmann. Dr. Hohmann was recently selected as winner of one of 20 Mead-Johnson awards given to medical residents across the nation. She was recognized for her active role in getting the State law passed requiring the car seats for children under five. High commitment to family medicine, scholarship and leadership qualities are the criteria on which the awards are based. Many parents complain that having to spend $40 for an approved seat puts a strain on their budgets, Dr. Hohmann acknowledges. But- if you want to confine the issue to strictly monetary terms - the lifetime cost of caring for a youngster brain-damaged from being thrown through a car windshield in an auto accident can be as high as $6 million. Approximately 1,000 U.S. children under five annually die from head injuries suffered in auto accidents, and an additional 50,000-70,000 suffer head-related injuries, Dr. Hohmann notes. Proper child restraints could prevent 80-90 per cent of these injuries and deaths. · A third-year resident at Buffalo General's Deaconess Division, Dr. Hohmann says her intense interest in getting the New York State law on the books two years ago stemmed from her role as the mother of a young daughter, Heather, and from her work as a physician. "I have seen youngsters suffer severe injuries to the head and elsewhere because they were not restrained in a car at the time of an accident," she says. While some escape lightly with broken bones, others become virtually helpless, doomed to a lifetime of invalidism or institutional care. When Western New York's Thsk Force for Prevention of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities was formed a few years ago, Dr. Hohmann signed up for the Committee on Child Safety which ultimately pushed the car seat law through the Legislature. Separate car accidents under virtually identical conditions involving her mother and a close acquaintance had brought the issue of auto safety vividly home to her. Her mother, who was not wearing a seat belt, suffered a broken hip and arm as well as a concussion which required several weeks of hospitalization. The acquaintance, who had buckled up before getting into his car, escaped injury. New York's child car seat law is matched by less than 10 other states. "The law which carries a $25 fine was never designed to be punitive - rather to be preventive," Dr. Hohmann explains. Most police who stop drivers and observe a young passenger not appropriately restrained will issue a citation for which the fine is usually waived after a car seat has been purchased. P arents who purchase the car seats to comply with the law but who don't use them properly are asking for trouble, Dr. Hohmann advises. A child sitting high on an unbuckled seat has an even greater chance of being hurled through the windshield in case of an accident, she points out. "Even newborns coming home from the hospital should be buckled into an approved infant car seat- and not ride in mother's arms," she cautions. "Many people aren't aware that a child - held by someone weighing only 100 pounds will be crushed against the dash or the windshield with a ton of force in an accident even at 30 miles-per-hour. The more the individual holding the child weighs and the greater the speed at the time of an accident, the greater the risk." Standard school buses- not included in the current New York State law- are poorly designed from a child safety point of view, Dr. Hohmann adds, but there may one day be a mandate which will require restraints to be used in these vehicles as well. The current law, Dr. Hohmann notes. is already being amended to make seat belts mandatory for children five to 10. Although the physician testified in Albany while the child car seat law was under consideration and made numerous pleas to civic groups to spur passage of the bill, she emphasizes she was only one of thousands of parents and health professionals who campaigned to get the law passed. She recently worked on a grant approved and funded by the New York State Health Department to Children's Hospital and Deaconess Division to ease the burden on some financially-pressed Western New York parents who really can't come up with the $40 for a seat. One hundred and twenty approved child car seats will be made available on a temporary basis free of charge to parents who meet certain financial guidelines. - MBS • PHOTOS: NOWAK BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 7 �I Transplant survival rate up, pioneering surgeon tells UB group T he 1960's promise of human organ transplantation as a successful remedy for many who would otherwise face death from organ failure is finally coming to fruition, Dr_ Thomas Starzl told an overflow audience at the 13th Annual Ernest Witebsky Lecture in Farber Hall this spring. A pioneer in the field of human organ transplantation. the University of Pittsburgh surgeon noted that recent developments in immunosuppression have been a key factor in raising the survival rates of both grafts and patients during the past two decades. If the recipient's immune system is not adequately suppressed following transplantation of a donor organ, the risk is great that the body's defenses will "recognize" the graft as "foreign" and subsequently reject it. Although human organ transplants were hailed in the 1960s by the public and the medical community alike as a tremendous breakthrough, Dr. Starzl said, studies conducted at centers where the operations were being performed began to show disappointing long-term survival rates. After the initial glow of hope for transplantation as a cure for single organ failure, a feeling of gloom began to pervade the medical community- particularly those of its members intimately involved with the transplantations. "A period began," Dr. Starzl told the audience, "in which transplantation was considered more of a disease than a cure." T he picture has considerably brightened, however, with development of agents and combinations of agents which more successfully combat organ rejection in transplantation patients. Tracing the history of immunosuppressive drugs in organ transplants, Dr. Starzl pointed out that the agent Imuran was first used alone in the early 1960s, followed rather quickly by a combination of Imuran and steroids (Prednisone). By the mid-1960s, the Imuran-Prednisone combination was joined by anti-lymphocyte globulin (ALG) as doctors sought new agents to help them in their fight to save from death those who had received donor organs. A few years later, cytoxin, an anti-cancer drug, was often substituted for the Imuran. And by 1979, the idea of total lymphoid irradiation, thought to be potentially helpful, was rejected because of increased incidence of certain types of malignancies in those who received this treatment. By 1980, a new drug called cyclosporin appeared which, unlike some of its predecessors, did not cause bone marrow depression, an unwanted side effect of some other agents which had been used in immunosuppression. Today, the combination of Prednisone and cyclosporin has been shown to nearly double the survival rate of transplant patients and has given new hope to those who have long believed transplantation to be the only feasible alternative for those whose own body organs could no longer function. D r. Starzl noted that in addition to kidney transplants, practitioners are now seeing other organs such as the liver and the pancreas being transplanted with higher success and survival rates. "In the mid 1960s, our enthusiasm (for transplantation) exceeded the state of the art - we were deficient in the tools we then had for immunosuppression," Starzl pointed out. But today, the dreams of those earlier years are being realized as more lives are saved for longer periods of time. "The fact that organ transplantation is today at a point where it is a safer and more successful procedure would have undoubtedly given a great deal of pleasure to Dr. Witebsky," Dr. Starzl said. Witebsky was an internationallyrecognized pioneer in immunology who was on the faculty here for many years. Prior to Dr. Starzl's lecture, The Ernest Witebsky Memorial Awards for Proficiency in Microbiology were presented by Microbiology Department chairman Dr. Felix Milgram to John C. Roth, a medical student; Amy R. Bryan, a dental student; and Kathryn L. Wesley, a graduate student in medical technology. The Annual Ernest Witebsky Lecture is sponsored by the Ernest Witebsky Center for Immunology and the Department of Microbiology. • "New agents which fight rejection brighten the picture considerably." - THOMAS STARZL �I New course may be a first Future physicians are learning to provide care for the poor F uture physicians here are learning how to provide more effective care to the poor and disadvantaged in a medical course believed the first of its kind in the nation . The course, taught by 24 faculty at UB and by providers of community health and related services, aims to familiarize medical students with attitudinal and cultural differences affecting how health care is perceived and received by the poor. By recognizing and becoming more sensitive to these differences, future physicians will be better prepared to treat the poor, Dr. Maggie Wright hopes. "The poor typically have a greater mistrust of the health system than others. They may respond to care in ways which make them seem uninterested and uncooperative," says Dr. Wright, assistant dean for student affairs and director of minority programs at the School of Medicine. In reality, though, she suggests, differences in culture and attitude may be mostly to blame for the frequent unwillingness of the poor to seek care and to cooperate with those who provide it. The poor, says Dr. Wright, are more likely to break appointments, and less likely to seek care or practice preventive medicine than their counterparts in other socioeconomic groups. "Since the poor are more likely to seek care only sporadically, and then only in a hospital emergency room or clinic, they may never develop continuing, trusting relationships with primary physicians," Dr. Wright points out. This "care by crisis" phenomenon is partly caused by mistrust of the "system" but may more frequently be the result of poverty itself. "Not all who are poor or disadvantaged qualify for programs such as Medicaid which pay for health care. Many 'working poor' - those ineligible for publicly-financed care and not covered at work by health insurance -simply can't afford care for conditions which they do not perceive immediately as life threatening," Dr. Wright says. Indeed, the patient who fails to keep appointments, purchase needed medications, or comply with special treatment for a continuing illness may be "telling" the physician he or she cannot pay for it. "Medical jargon - often confusing even to better · educated patients in the middle and upper classes- can be so incomprehensible to the poor and uneducated or those not proficient in English that they give up trying to understand their illnesses or treatment plans," Dr. Wright believes.The physician who suspects the patient is not comprehending should ask appropriate questions to learn if this is the case. W hile those in all socio-economic classes share many types of medical problems, some problems are more prevalent among certain racial groups as well as the poor. "The hereditary blood disorder sickle cell anemia, for instance, is limited almost exclusively to Blacks in this country," says Dr. Wright. Other illnesses created or exacerbated by poor nutrition, poor health habits or substandard living conditions may almost exclusively reign in the province of the poor. "Understanding the ways the poor live can contribute to the information needed by the physician to make correct diagnoses for many of these patients," Dr. Wright points out. In general, she says, the course aims to make students aware of cultural differences, mores, language barriers and attitudes on the part of patients which can affect the physician's ability to provide effective care. Dr. Wright is pleased at the response and motivation of the 20 students who signed up for the elective offered at UB for the first time this year. The course is co-chaired by Dr. James Humbert and Dr. Robert Grantham. "It's also interesting that not all the students in the course were women or minorities- they were pretty much evenly divided in terms of race, and cultural backgrounds," Dr. Wright emphasizes. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 ��By Milton Plesur Professor of History State University of New York at Buffalo C an good health be correlated with success in the White House? Or could the opposite be true? And, in any event, just what is the public entitled to know about the .health of the occupant of 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue? Four of the five Presidents rated "great" by historians in a 1962 poll had serious physical handicaps, whereas others, thought less capable, were healthier. Some Presidents were health enthusiasts and overachievers in office, but died relatively early deaths; other more sedentary types, some burdened with overweight, lived beyond their normal expectancies. Such paradoxes make impossible arriving at definitive conclusions on the subject of Presidential health. Even if the possibility of serious illness or incapacity will affect a President's performance in office and determine vital decisions, how can the im"Adapted by permission from The Presidency Reappraised. edited by Rexford G. Tugwell and Thomas E. Cronin, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1974. Copyright (c) 1974 by The Fund for the Republic, Inc. �TR: the most athletic. Taft: somewhat elephantine. pact of ill health be properly measured? Would Coolidge's performance, for example, have been less lackadaisical had he been less fatigued? Would Franklin D. Roosevelt have acted more vigorously at Yalta had he not been the victim of advanced sclerotic disease? Would healthy Wilson have compromised during the League of Nations debate? The course of history could well be linked with Presidential disorders. In a democratic society, we feel we are entitled to know everything about elected leaders, including their health. Much of this curiosity may be morbid, but the number of Presidents who have been seriously ill makes it imperative for the public to know all when the world's continuation could well depend upon a White House decision. Presidential physicians have been generally reluctant to divulge information. Perhaps in cases where public knowledge might have resulted in national panic - such as Grover Cleveland's operation for removal of a cancerous growth - secrecy is understandable. But this cannot always be justified. Wilson's doctor conspired with his wife to cover up a serious Presidential stroke; Franklin Roosevelt's physicians certainly seriously underplayed their patient's condition in 1944. The specifics of John Kennedy's adrenocortical deficit are still not completely realized. On the other hand, every conceivable and even intimate detail regarding Eisenhower's three major illnesses while in office was shared with the public. And the nation received regular medical bulletins about Lyndon Johnson's medical problems and the recovery made by Richard Nixon from viral pneumonia. Generally, though, the President's health has been regarded as a relatively private matter. a G iven what is known about Presidential health. the statistics seem to underscore the theory that the "burden" of the office is lethal. The earlier Presidents, evidently of tougher stock than their later counterparts, lived longer despite a shorter average life expectancy. Of the first eight Presidents, all but George Washington outlived the expectancy of life at the time of their inaugurations. The average age of death of the first 15, from Washington to Buchanan, was 74; those who served from Lincoln to FOR lived to an average age of 63. From the Civil War to 1968, only Cleveland, Thft, Hoover. Eisenhower, and TI-uman exceeded their life expectancies at the time of inauguration. Kennedy's optimistic remark about thriving under the pressure of office and Harry TI-uman's oft-quoted comment about "heat in the kitchen" are recalled; but most students of the office feel the job is wearying. Upon the death of any President in office, the press invariably speculates on issues of health and White House workload, and it has often been stated that physical fitness 12 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Wilson: his stroke was concealed. and relaxation were the only safeguards for the men at the top. But, again, the evidence is inconclusive. Theodore Roosevelt was the most athletic of Presidents. He enjoyed bouts with the punching bag (ruining his eyesight because of a boxing accident), originated the 50-mile hike, and wore off excess energy by learning jujitsu; yet, he died at 60. Woodrow Wilson rode horses and golfed inexpertly early in his Presidency; and, under the guidance of Walter Camp, he and the Cabinet performed- as others were admonished to - their "daily dozen." Warren Harding was a horseback rider and relaxed even more around a poker table. Calvin Coolidge's exercise was limited fishing, morning walks, and riding his celebrated electric hobby horse. Coolidge's sleep habits, amounting to about 11 hours a day, are well known, and yet he died at the same age as Theodore Roosevelt, the activist. Herbert Hoover was much like James Polk, in that he seldom took extended vacations, was relatively unrelaxed, and worked long hours; but he did go fishing and was known to toss a medicine ball. The "Great Engineer" reached 90, whereas Polk died a few months after leaving the White House. Franklin Roosevelt relaxed with swimming, poker games, and a stamp collection. Probably the most famous peripatetic President was TI-uman, who found his daily brisk walks, together with his piano playing and poker playing, therapeutic. Lyndon Johnson escaped to his 1exas ranch and Ronald Reagan treks to his Santa Barbara Shangri-La. While recreation is, thus, necessary for Presidents in order to counteract a pressured existence, the long-range effects are debatable. Nor is the size of the waistline any indicator of fitness for carrying the nation's burdens. The elephantine Thft had a voracious appetite, and, though he dieted intermittently. he at one point soared to about 350 pounds. Nevertheless, he lived into his 70s. Grover Cleveland hovered between 250 and 270 pounds, yet also reached three score and ten years. His love of wine and song, and the wellknown wenching and beer bouts of his Buffalo days, added to his girth and his multiple chins, but he never seemed as lethargic as Thft. In the precalorie-counting, precholesterol age, Chester Alan Arthur was famous for opulent dinners, heavy foods, and fine wines and liquors. The Presidential figure showed the effects of this happy life, and he suffered from chronic indigestion. Until recently, it was thought he died from apoplexy or chronic gall bladder disease at 56- scarcely a year after he left the White House. However, the latest evidence points to Arthur's demise from Bright's Disease, a fatal kidney ailment. Some of the more intimate publicity about Lyn,don Johnson concerned his constant battle with the pounds. His cook and the President's physician were in constant collusion in a half-successful battle to contain the Presidential intake. �Harding: he relaxed at poker. O Hoover: he lived to be 90. ne of the most fascinating Presidential medical stories is that of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Nearly asphyxiated at birth because of an overdose of chloroform administered to his mother, FDR was plagued all his life by a sensitive respiratory tract. A severe bronchitis attack in 1943 was noted by some as the beginning of his failing health. His well-being had been a matter of discussion ever since he first aspired to national political leadership following contracting polio at age 39. Heavy braces on his legs and crutches were necessary all the rest of his life. Aside from ever present bronchial and sinus trouble, Roosevelt's medical history was uneventful despite the constant specu lation. His personal physician, Dr. Ross T. Mcintire, declared in 1936 that the President, since taking office, had not missed a single day's work because of illness. But, eventually the pressures of domestic depression and global war did drain Roosevelt's energy. There was even a rumor that, in 1938, he suffered the first of a series of minor strokes, but this has never been substantiated. During the fourth-term campaign of 1944, Roosevelt displayed "good health" for the critics by riding for 56 minutes in an open car during a freezing Manhattan rain - a ride especially arranged to quiet those who pointed out how badly he had faltered in an earlier appearance at the Bremerton Naval Yard in Washington. The press noted that Dr. Mcintire insisted that the chief executive was not dying as rumor had it, nor was he even sick during 1944; in other words, according to Mcintire, the fatal stroke of April 12, 1945, was unforeseeable. The White House physician, however, did concede fatigue. but added that his patient's blood pressure was normal, and that there was no sign of arteriosclerosis. Following the Yalta Conference in early 1945, Vice President TI-uman admitted he was disturbed by the "boss's" appearance; correspondent Merriman Smith wrote that he saw the President "die" over a period of a year, a conclusion concurred in by millions who viewed the pictures of the President over that time span. There was no doubt FDR was truly sick, but it has never been proved that that sickness contributed to what many critics called an American sell-out to the Russians at Yalta. One story has it that he suffered a stroke at Hyde Park in late March, 1945, and, after recovering, went to Warm Springs, where he died of a massive cerebral hemorrhage. It seems inconceivable, however, that his personal physician would not have accompanied him if the situation had been all that precarious. The physician who attended FDR during his last illness, Dr. Howard G. Bruenn, in an account of his relationship with the President from March. 1944, to April, 1945, reported that Roosevelt was suffering from an enlarged heart. had hardening of the arteries, and that his blood pressure was alarmingly high. But, said Bruenn, FDR was FOR: a fascinating medical story. not dying. There was a gradual improvement and the campaign of 1944 passed without incident. Evidently, the President was able to perform his duties despite hypertension and fatigue, but his death due to a stroke was, in view of his medical history, clearly predictable. Dr. Bruenn's report, published a generation after FDR's death, was obviously more realistic than the optimistic and reassuring words of Dr.Mclntire. That Roosevelt was gravely ill had apparently been suspected by many even before his return from Yalta. Walter Lippmann, the journalist, for example, asserted that in 1944 Harry S . TI-uman was nominated in Chicago by a convention fully aware that it was "almost certainly choosing a President of the United States." However, those who hinted at the time that Roosevelt was not a well man were rebu ked as little better than fifth columnists by the White House retinue. The . Roosevelt story, then, was a complicated one and raised many questions. B efore assuming office, Eisenhower was in generally good health, but. during his incumbency, he suffered three major illnesses: coronary thrombosis (1955), major surgery to correct acute ileitis (1956), and a "small" stroke (1957). Nevertheless, he survived his work load in a manner that was amazing for a man of his years and for one with his medical history. In 1956, the physicians reported that, medically, he could serve another five to lO years in office; and several years later Dr. Paul Dudley White, Ike's chief physician at the time of the coronary, wrote me that "Eisenhower's illnesses had no effect on the conduct of his administration other than causing temporary absences which were well handled by his many and efficient assistants." Even before the heart attack, Eisenhower was annoyed about not being allowed, as he put it, to have a bellyache in private. After each illness, the public was informed of his blood pressure, pulse rate, and caloric intake; of the size of the damaged area around his heart; of the state of his eliminative processes, and even the size of his prostate gland. The first President to suffer from so many severe illnesses while in office, Eisenhower recovered nicely and survived for 14 years after the first heart attack. Perhaps a reevaluation of the whole question of physical handicaps is in order and it might even be argued that expert medical care more than compensated for the workload in this case. John Kennedy had a well-publicized medical past. Despite his popularization of the active life, he suffered constantly from back pain as a result of a ruptured disc caused initially by an early football injury and aggravated by war wounds. He underwent three operations on his back, one of them nearly resulting in his death. Aided by Novocain treatments, he mended well enough to be pronouncBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �Truman: his walks were therapeutic. Ike: every bellyache was public. ed in good health in 1960. But there were problems: while in Canada the next year, he stooped to turn earth for a tree planting. a move resulting in persistent pain for half a year. His therapy consisted of daily baths, a special brace, prescribed calisthenics and swimming. and the famous rocking chair. The back plagued him throughout a trip to Vienna- the one in 1961 during which he had his famous confrontation with Khrushchev - but he concealed discomfort. Dr. Janet lravell. his personal physician, described the new backache as a common variety not connected with his old ailments and made it clear there was no plan to reduce JFK's official duties. Since Eisenhower's illnesses, frank and even intimaL<! information about Presidential health carne to be expected, but Kennedy 's press aides and physicians were reluctant to disclose any health secrets. The back problem was common knowledge, but his adrenal glands were a mystery. It is possible that he suffered from classic Addison's Disease; but if not. he did have an adrenal deficiency. Robert Kennedy denied most strenuously that his brother had Addison's Disease. One cause of the disease is tuberculosis of the kidneys, but Dr. lravell stated that JFK had no visible signs of this and had not taken cortisone for years. (He did take. prophylactically, a cortisone-like medicine to make up for his adrenal deficiency when under stress). Kennedy's possible adrenal problems prompted a Lyndon Johnson enthusiast, in the preconvention campaign of 1960, to assert that Kennedy would be dead if it were not for cortisone injections. The Johnson forces thus countered Kennedy's reference to their man's severe 1955 heart attack. Another aspect of the JFK health story involved his relationship with Dr. Max Jacobson, who had the reputation oftreatingjet-setters, movie stars, and politicians with amphetamines in order to elevate their moods. Kennedy was treated by him for an infected hand and laryngitis. but Dr. lravell says she never saw Jacobson. and denies the story. While there is no proof that JFK received stimulants, Jacobson did administer them to others. and the Village Voice asked perhaps in a sensationalist manner whether the President was a "speed freak?" Lyndon B. Johnson furnishes another example of a President with severe medical problems. His history included recurring bronchial illnesses and heavy colds, threatened pneumonia, surgery for the removal of his appendix. a kidney stone, and acute myocardial infarction from which recovery took over five months in 1955. Concern for Johnson's heart began the day he became President. Back in Washington from the Dallas nightmare, he was examined and given a clean bill of health. The physicians would not predict whether or not he might suffer another attack, but they maintained that. after surviving so long with no trouble, he was no more likely to be stricken than someone 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN JFK: backaches and Addison's Disease? with no history of cardiac trouble. As President, Johnson underwent a gall bladder operation in 1965. He prepared the nation for this surgery (the announcement skillfully timed not to upset the Stock Exchange) as far in advance as possible, remaining candid with the press and the public. He also endured the removal of a benign polyp from his throat as well as the repair of an abdominal hernia; and, in 1968, it was revealed he was suffering from an intestinal ailment (diverticulosis). Along with Johnson's growing unpopularity over the Vietnam War, his health figured in the historic "abdication" decision of March 31. 1968. He recalled that men in his family generally did not live much beyond 60 and he spoke of his own massive coronary, admitted to fatigue, and recalled Wilson's disability. For the first time, a President referred very candidly and intimately to his own health problems, associating them with politics. Four years later, LBJ suffered a second coronary. The damage was so severe that a third attack resulted in his death in January, 1973. I n 1981, Ronald Reagan became the oldest person elected President and speculation about age, health, and longevity has haunted his presidency. So persistent were these questions during the campaign that he vowed to resign the office if his physician found him unfit or senile. Also. Reagan declared he favored issuing periodic reports on his health. His medical history includes allergic rhinitis, inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane. some diverticula of the colon, the removal of prostatic stones and correction of an anatomical abnormality of part of the urinary bladder in 1967 (he since had a slight. temporary discomfort in the urinary tract in 1982). hay fever. and a hearing loss in both ears. Despite this list. Reagan's Presidential ailments have been relatively few and minor. His generally good health undoubtedly contributed to a rapid recovery from an assassination attempt in 1981 when he sustained a bullet wound in the chest. Dr. Dennis O'Leary, the hospital spokesman, in discussing the question of the public's right to know and the patient's privacy, asserted he would approve reporting anything that bore on the President's ability to function. Practically all the details were revealed. Reagan has been described as a marvelous physical specimen and his own best physician. He sleeps well and exercises, favoring chopping wood and horseback riding on his ranch. He realizes the value of vacations and weekends at Camp David, he paces himself. does not work excessively long hours, disciplines his appetite, and refrains from the excesses of work and indulgence that marked, for example, LBJ's life-style. Reagan is a classic example of the adage that to be old is not necessarily to be infirm. In today's media age. the policy is to put the spotlight . �LBJ: severe problems. on the candidates' health records and, indeed, generally to build them up as superhuman. Campaign propaganda now includes results of physical examinations. Certainly the political campaign is an endurance test and proves that stamina is essen tial. Politicians who are disability-prone obviou sly ough t n ot be elected and th e role of the physician is crucial. Some feel that a candidate waives the right to confidentiality when seekin g office. But the cases of Representative William F. Ryan (N.Y.), who died in 1972 during a campaign for reelection, and Senator Thomas Eagletqn, who was removed as Democratic "VicePresidential candidate that same year, raise questions about wh en a physician's respon sibility to the community overr ules the sacred relation with a patient. In both situations, and in others t hat could be cited, medical testimony was either confusing or not even offered. All this, however, does not imply that a President must be a perfect physical specimen; he is elected for his ability to deal with the issues and for his ability to endure the rigors of his office. Reasonably good health should be sufficient since there are many people who acqu it themselves well under handicaps. What should be of greater concern is how the onerous and mostly fatiguing ceremonial functions can be reduced. On the surface and on the basis of the superficial , .... Reagan: a marvelous specimen. Nixon: he had pneumonia. Reagan's good general health was a factor in his speedy recovery from the 1981 assassination attempt. evidence, it seems that illness tends to elevate the President in the eyes of historians and that the better ones achieved in spite of affliction. Perhaps the best example is Franklin Roosevelt, whose great empathy with the masses may have resulted from his own bout with polio. His optimism in the face of severe economic depression and during the war years might have been due, in part, to his personal experience in overcoming an illness that would have defeated a Jesser man. T here has been much speculation on how the burdens of Presidential life contribute to the health problem, but it is seldom pointed out that the pressure of ordinary life, with its petty details, is eliminated from the Presidential routine: household problems, banking, taxation, travel arrangements. and so on. Moreover, the chief executive enjoys the security of personal physician care. Dr. Paul Dudley White even declared that, despite Eisenhower's illnesses, he was better off for being in the White House, with its special care, than elsewhere. Another question is whether health problems really influence Presidential policy and style. Probably they did in the case of Theodore Roosevelt. and possibly they played a role in shaping the style of Wilson. But, in the cases of Franklin Roosevelt. Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson, it seems more likely that a mature and self-disciplined personality confronted disease more positively. Thus, in some instances, poor health might be one test of a candidate's will, decision-making ability, initiative, and determination, rather than a formative force. By looking at the past health records of candidates. and by examining how they met crises, the public has one criterion for judgement; but how important it is, compared to other factors, is unclear. Also, it can not be stated unequivocally that someone healthy will be a weak President just because he never faced the test of serious illness. To share with the public or not to share the intimacies of Presidential health is a recurring question. Certainly, we have come a long way from the secrecy that surrounded FDR and JFK. The release by Presidents of their medical reports and medical histories is now expected. Invasion of privacy or not, there might be a medical panel convened to evaluate the politician's medical past. Intimate details are not as important as general implications as interpreted by a bipartisan panel of physicians. Also important would be an evaluation of how the past Presidents actually faced up to illness, and what health problems can most likely be caused or aggravated by the Presidency. Such an investigation could be made by physicians in consultations with historians. Then, at least the public could better judge whether health problems prior to the assumption of office would be of any consequence. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �by Mary Beth Spina AIDS There's no significant cause for alarm about the blood stipply T here's no significant evidence to support growing public concern that deadly AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) may be transmitted via blood derivatives or transfusions, according to Dr. James F. Mohn, chairman of New York State's Council on Human Blood and 'fransfusion Services. The director of UB's Ernest Witebsky Center for Immunology and head of New York State's newly-created AIDS Thsk Force, Dr. Mohn reported that there's no conclusive proof that blood transfusions actually transmitted the disease in the handful of cases in which they've been suspected. "Thirteen of the 1,641 AIDS cases reported in the U.S. through June 20 involved persons who did not fit any of the other known categories of patients - promiscuous male homosexuals, intravenous drug abusers, immigrant Haitians or hemophiliacs," said Dr. Mohn. The only factor these 13 people appeared to have in common was blood transfusions for surgery or medical problems. In only one case - that of a California infant - was a blood donor traced who later was diagnosed as having AIDS. And even this is not a clear-cut case of transmission by transfusion, Dr. Mohn emphasized. The infant, who suffered from hemolytic disease of the newborn. had received 17 exchange transfusions of blood and a unit of platelets. some of which was traceable to the donor with AIDS. Most infants with hemolytic disease receive at most three exchange transfusions, suggesting that the infant's immune system was already deficient at birth. "A recipient of the same AIDS donor's packed red cells has not developed the disease," Dr. Mohn pointed out. Of the 14 hemophiliacs who have developed AIDS, a dozen had no known risk factor other than receiving clotting Factor VIII which is fractionated from the blood of many donors. One of the 14 was a homosexual; another had a history of possible intravenous drug abuse. It appears statistically unlikely that this treatment of hemophilia is a threatening factor, Dr. Mohn said, when one considers that each of the approximately 18,000 hemophiliacs in the U.S. annually receives this blood product which is prepared from many thousands of donors. "In the past two years. moreover. 24 million units of blood have been administered to six million recipients in the U.S. with only 13 cases of AIDS even thought to be linked to transfusions." noted Dr. Mohn. 90 per cent of AIDS victims die within three years Because of diagnosis and 80 per cent after two, Dr. Mohn acknowledged that the public has every right to be concerned. "But there is nothing to date which would suggest that AIDS is a highly contagious disease which can be contracted by casual contact with a patient or from blood or blood derivative transfusions," he said. While AIDS appears to be blossoming into a full-blown epidemic, he added, it is an epidemic only among certain groups in the population rather than among the publicat-large. And contrary to what has been implied, he went on, AIDS should not be referred to as a "gay" disease. "Among confirmed cases of AIDS," Dr. Mohn said, "there appears to be no involvement of monogamous male 16 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN homosexuals, suggesting that multiple sex partners may be a factor in contracting the disease." Indeed, one AIDS victim reported he had more than 1,000 different sex partners during the course of one year. Mystery continues to surround the disease because no infectious agent has been identified which causes the breakdown of cellular immunity of the victims and leaves them vulnerable to fulminating, overwhelming and deadly infection from organisms which normally live in peaceful co-existence with the human body. Theories as to the actual cause of AIDS include notions such as an invasion of the victims by an unspecified organism- possibly a virus, or a wearing out of the cellular immune system caused by an overburden of antigen. It is known that certain infectious diseases caused by viruses, notably cytomegalovirus. are capable of causing immunosuppression. The mystery of AIDS is compounded by the fact that it does not appear to have existed previously in the population. Unlike Legionnaires' Disease, which was ultimately traced to a single organism after the Philadelphia outbreak, AIDS had not been described previously in the medical literature. "That is not to say it never existed in an individual but prior to 1981 it apparently never spread through a population to the point of being reported," Dr. Mohn said. AIDS is not a mandatory reportable disease as far as the CDC or other health agencies are concerned. New York as of July 1 remains the sole state to require such reporting. About half the reported cases, Dr. Mohn noted, have been in New York- primarily in New York City- with the majority of the remainder centered in California and Florida. "The figures we have now may be conservative," he suggested. "for some gays estimate that for every case idenILLUSTRATION: MIKE BUNN .. �anti-hepatitis B core antibodies, immune complexes, absolute lymphocyte counts, ratio of helper T lymphocytes to suppressor T lymphocytes, beta-2 microglobulin, thymosin and interferon serum levels," according to Dr. Mohn. Such testing has been primarily confined to those at high risk for AIDS, so it is still not known what results of the tests would show among populations not at risk. Currently, a pilot study has been initiated at the Buffalo Regional Blood Services Center of the American Red Cross which involves routine screening of all blood donors for anti-hepatitis B core antibodies. This particular test was selected because of the high association of hepatitis B virus infection and AIDS. The Buffalo Blood Services Center was selected, Dr. Mohn said, because it has the highest number of blood donations annually in New York outside New York City and because the Western New York area is currently free of known or suspected cases of AIDS which originated locally. "While there is still no convincing evidence to show AIDS can be transmitted through blood transfusions, it is important that all safeguards be taken with blood being collected Statewide for use by patients," Dr. Mohn emphasized. H tified and reported, three others exist." W hile the syndrome associated with AIDS is unique, problems of immunosuppression and immunodeficiency are not unknown in the realm of medicine. Cancer chemotherapy, steroids and radiation are all medical treatments known to temporarily suppress immune function components. There are other congenital conditions in which people are born with an immunodeficiency forcing them to have to live in virtually germ-free environments. "With the AIDS cases," though, Dr. Mohn said, "the immunodeficiency is unique in that it arises spontaneously in previously healthy young individuals who present initial symptoms which include unexplained weight loss, night sweats and lassitude." Some, but not all, may develop Karposi's Sarcoma, a malignancy which usually targets older men of Mediterranean or Jewish descent. And while Karposi's is typically a slow-growing tumor in the elderly male, in the young homosexual, it appears as a rapidly growing, virulent malignancy. The first two cases of AIDS reported were, in fact, young male homosexuals who were promiscuous. Both had opportunistic infections as well as Karposi's Sarcoma - an unusual combination of disorders which alerted the medical community to a new syndrome. Oddly enough, the entire immune syste m does not appear to be wiped out - only the cellular immunity. "The humoral immunity seems to remain intact for AIDS victims do not die of measles, influenza or other diseases to which they acquired antibodies through previous exposure," Dr. Mohn noted. Further complicating the problem is the fact that to date there is no specific laboratory test which directly predicts or confirms AIDS. "Tests which have been proposed for AIDS screening of blood donors include those for e feels strongly that in light of the patterns of distribution of the disease it would be reprehensible for any health care personnel to refuse to care for AIDS patients on grounds that it might be passed through casual contact. "Those who have AIDS realize their chances for living much beyond a few years following diagnosis are extremely slim. For them to be treated as lepers or worse by those in the health field shows a lack of compassion and humanity on the part of those individuals who have taken oaths to serve the sick," Dr. Mohn pointed out. Until scientific investigation can pinpoint the cause of AIDS, every attempt should be made to treat those patients who have overwhelming, opportunistic infections, he said. Noting that a bill has been recently passed in New York State to provide $5,250,000 for research and other endeavors related to AIDS, Dr. Mohn said a multifaceted approach must be launched to arrive at conclusive answers to the many questions related to the disease. "The New York State Blood Council's AIDS Thsk Force [which has among its members respected and acknowledged authorities in virology, infectious diseases, epidemiology, hemophilia and blood collection, processing, and distribution as well as physicians, immunologists and others involved in problems of cellular immunity] believes recipients of blood transfusions Statewide can be assured that their risk of developing AIDS is remote," Dr. Mohn emphasized. Citizens should also be assured, he added, that all precautions to safeguard the blood supply as much as possible are being taken. Potential donors receive pamphlets concerning AIDS with the request that they withdraw if they feel they are in a high risk group. Donors are also screened for recent infections or clinical symptoms which might suggest AIDS. "There is a need to protect those who will need blood transfusions," said Dr. Mohn, "but there is also the necessity to obtain blood to fulfill the needs of patients who would otherwise die in hospitals across the State." Some potential donors have called blood banks worried that they may get AIDS from needles or from bags used in blood collection, Dr. Mohn said. Others have postponed necessary surgery because of fears of receiving blood from donors who might later be found to have the disease. But, said Dr. Mohn, "there is no reason for panic in the streets over AIDS. There is no good evidence that we are in for an all-out epidemic of the magnitude of the Plague - killing men, women and children indiscriminately." • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 17 �1st Research Day Five faculty report on major p roj ects T he School of Medicine's first Research Day Symposium, May 25, was highlighted by: v a report on a successful new way of treating accident victims which has been developed by a University-affiliated team; v news of recent developments in local asthma research; v information about UB's new Nuclear Magnetic Resonance facility, and v discussions of work being done rn Buffalo on coronary artery disease and on the causes of kidney diseases. Sponsored by the newly-formed Medical Research Association, the event lured approximately 400 faculty out of their offices and labs to the Amherst Campus to hear five colleagues summarize recent research activity and to view 80 posters depicting other investigative endeavors. This premiere of what is planned to be an annual event was called an important day for the School by Medical Dean John Naughton. Dr. Naughton said it is important for faculty to have the opportunity to exchange ideas and information on their studies and projects in order to open doors for future collaborations. Dr. Alexander Brownie, chairman of the committee which organized the effort, noted that numbers of faculty involved in research have tripled over the past two decades. Numbers of submitted research proposals and levels of funding have also grown, he said, at a time when faculty at other institutions have witnessed a decline. with major, multiple injuries Patients frequently survive their original trauma only to die days or weeks later of Multiple System Organ Failure (MSOF). but pioneering research headed by UB surgeon Dr. John R. Border has begun to change that. Dr. Border has provided some of the answers as to why MSOF occurs and laid the foundation for preventive treatment. He brought news of some of this work. MSOF, he said, is a result of biochemical changes set in motion when the stress of trauma on the human system creates a progressive protein malnutrition. It is most likely to occur in patients whose injuries total 18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN 50 or greater on the standard Injury Severity Score. 1)rpically, the potential MSOF victim has one or more major fractures combined with intraabdominal bleeding or other combinations of severe injuries. Ironically, many who develop the progressive protein malnutrition which leads to MSOF initially appear to be improving, but then go suddenly downhill. "We now know," Border said, "that the stress of severe, multiple trauma produces a chain of biochemical events which affect the body as a system; that system must be treated in order to prevent multiple system organ failure." When the body does not receive adequate amounts of protein to meet the dual demands of maintaining function and initiating repair of damaged tissue, it will draw upon its own resources of stored nutrients- particularly protein from muscle. The less muscle mass a patient has, the more quickly the protein malnutrition will progress. The body's organs do not fail randomly. but in a constant sequence, Border explained. First the cardiopulmonary system goes out in an easily reversible fasqion, followed by liver, stomach, brain and finally- and irreversibly - the heart and lungs. The time it takes for the fatal sequence to complete its course, or whether it occurs at all, depends primarily on treatment provided as soon as possible after the original trauma. "In the beginning," Border noted, "many of these patients had fat emboli cardiopulmonary failure symptoms develop within a few days after admission to the emergency room. However, by placing them on ventilators early and maintaining them on the equipment for as many days as necessary, we were able to prevent this complication. as well as others which initially affected heart and lungs." Getting the patient in an upright rather than prone position also aids greatly in cardiopulmonary functions, he said. This requires operative treatment of fractures so they can be immobilized while the patient is mobilized. Plaster and traction are not used. "Leaving the dying and dead bone, blood and muscle tissue in the fracture site as is done in conservative fracture therapy activates phagocytosis," Border explained. As the phagocytes feed, they release a host of agents which alter muscle and liver biochemistry and lead �Research to protein malnutrition. Thorough debridement of all wounds, open or closed, reduces this phagocyte activation. In terms of protein malnutrition, Border and his team noted that even if patients were given normally required amounts of protein and calories, they still could develop MSOF. "When we looked at gut and liver differences, plasma concentration and the rate of infusion in amino acids, we found multiple signs suggesting that malnutrition was occurring in the muscle," Border says. This led to a viscious cycle of organs robbing each other of essential amino acids (protein) and limited the function of all organs by limiting protein synthesis. A major factor in the treatment, then, is infusion of the patient with 400 to 600 per cent more amino acids than healthy people require. These are given with a glucose solution which provides 25 to 50 per cent more calories than normal. Glucose administered to trauma victims at levels of 100 per cent or more in excess of normal requirements can contribute to development of fat in the liver, leading to this vital organ's breakdown. The success of the UB research, funded over the years with approximately $3 million in grants from the National Institute of General Medical Services. is Dr. John Border, shown in the ECMC trauma unit, discussed new ways to treat injury victims. evidenced by increased patient survival rates where the techniques developed here are used. One recent report shows that in 22 patients whose fractures were treated surgically within hours of their trauma, only one death eventually occurred from MSOF. In contrast, there were 14 deaths in 49 patients treated with plaster and traction. This sort of result has been shown in published papers from Helsinki, Basel, San Antonio, and Nijmegen (The Netherlands), Dr. Border reported. The groundwork for the UB studies was laid by Dr. Border, the late Dr. Rapier McMenamy, Dr. V.S. Vaidnyanthan, Dr. Leisure Yu, Dr. Elizabeth Moyer, and Drs. John Siegel and Frank Serra formerly with the Buffalo General Hospital trauma research program. Studies led by Dr. Border are continuing with Drs. Michael An bar, Thm Paul, James McReynolds, John LaDuca, Roger Seibel and Worthington G. Schenk. This research concentrates on means of delaying or preventing the gastrointestinal-hepatic-brain failure complex characteristic of the beginning of MSOF. research conductM edultidisciplinary during the past four years Over 400 faculty attended the 1st Medical School Research Day. (Inset) Dr. Elliott Middleton reported on asthma research. PHOTOS: NOWAK under the auspices ofUB's NIH-funded Center for the Study of Asthma and Related Allergies has produced some important findings, Center Director Dr. Elliott Middleton told the audience. An estimated 7.4 million Americans suffer from asthma, making it a major cause of absenteeism from work and classroom. It is also a potentially fatal disease. killing approximately 3000 atmually. One of the more significant findings locally in the field of asthma research, said Dr. Middleton, is evidence found by Drs. J. Cratg Venter and Claire Fraser suggesting that some patients produce antibodies to beta adrenergic receptors. Normally, these beta receptors bind epinephrine and epinephrine-like compounds used for asthma treatment. These compounds ordinarily relax smooth muscle in airways leading to the lungs. but they cannot act if they are blocked from binding to their specific beta receptors. The fact that some asthmatics thus fight themselves may partially explain why some respond well to normal dosages of these compounds and others do not, Dr. Middleton explained. But, more importantly, the presence of these auto-antibodies may be an important factor in the causes of asthma, he said. Elsewhere, research efforts by Dr. David lriggle, professor of biochemical pharmacology, into the nature of D-4 leukotriene smooth muscle receptors as well as into the importance of calcium channels in asthma have led to the suggestion that calcium antagonists such as Verapamil may have potential as anti-asthmatic drugs, Dr. Middleton reported. And teams of researchers at Children's Hospital (including Dr. Stanley J. Szefler, who is now located in Denver, BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �Dr. Elliot F. Ellis and Dr. T.P. Lee) have found that combination therapy involving both the steroid methylprenisolone and TAO (troleandomycin) appears to benefit some severe asthmatics who have not responded well to other medications. TAO, an antibiotic first used to combat acne but no longer employed in fighting that disorder, appears to slow the clearance from the body of the accompanying steroid, allowing it to remain active for longer periods of time, Dr. Middleton said. Lastly, Dr. Middleton reported, local research on Oavonoids, a class of chemical compounds found widely in fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, suggests that some of these may play a role in the design of drugs for use in future treatment of asthma and other inflammatory diseases. Some Oavonoids, notably quercetin, appear to have strong anti-allergic activity, blocking the release of histamine from human white blood cells. Histamine release, Dr. Middleton pointed out, is what leads to constricted smooth muscle airway and other bodily expressions of allergic reactions such as hay fever and hives. "Some of the Oavonoids also affect many enzyme systems, can modify lymphocyte function, have spasmolytic activity and may have antiviral activity,'' Dr. Middleton suggested. Emphasizing that research results reported at the Symposium have been achieved through collaboration of faculty scientists representing several disciplines, Dr. Middleton said such multidisciplinary efforts should be encouraged. 0 ne of the most promising new developments in diagnostic medicine is Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), which utilizes magnetic forces 3,000 to 25,000 times the strength of the Earth's own magnetic field to create images of the body's interior. Now in experimental use in only a few medical centers in the U.S., NMR holds the promise of being more accurate than either CAT scans or x-rays, without causing ill effects or needing auxiliary agents to produce an image. Research on NMR being conducted at a new facility at UB was highlighted at the Research Day event by Dr. Philip L. Yeagle, a Medical School biochemist and supervisor of the facility. According to Dr. Yeagle, basic research is underway to contribute to the developing data base for the new technique. UB's recent acquisition of a 55-kilogauss super-cooled NMR device is expected to enhance capabilities of 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Philip L. Yeagle talked about US's NMR facility. both campus and hospital-based scientists who probe tissue at cellular and molecular levels for the causes of disease. Dr. Yeagle said the $210,000 UB device is designed to assist basic rather than clinical research. Its advantage, he noted, lies in its ability to more accurately measure properties of atoms and molecules in tissue samples than is possible with other techniques such as x-rays. Unlike the NMR. which is non-invasive, many of the other devices require the addition of reagents to tissue samples. These reagents can alter or destroy the molecules' properties. When a sample of a substance, such as a cell membrane, is placed in the NMR's magnetic field, the nuclei of atoms enter a series of energy level transitions which are measured and can be made to appear on a computer printout. Thus, the device not only shows the structure and environment of the molecules but also pinpoints concentrations of various components and their locations in tissue. While the principles governing nuclear magnetic resonance and the way in which NMR functions are complex. they can, in part, be compared to radio wave transmissions and reception. "It is known that the nuclei of some atoms of particular stable isotopes will absorb radio frequency energy when placed in a magnetic field," Yeagle explained. But like the radio which must be tuned to a given frequency to receive a specific station, the nuclei of various isotopes must receive a specific frequency which activates them to send back a signal, which can be measured using the NMR. Unlike an NMR full-body scanner, which may be tuned to send only the frequency which can be absorbed by hydrogen nuclei. the UB device has virtually unlimited capabilities in sending multiple frequencies known to activate nuclei of many isotopes. "Much of the individual device's capability lies in the strength of its magnetic field - expressed in kilogauss which surrounds the tissue sample or patient," Yeagle went on. The higher the kilogauss, the higher the radio frequencies which can be used and the greater the device's sensitivity. NMR. said Yeagle, has the capacity to aid research in virtually every area of medicine - from heart disease to cancer to inborn errors of metabolism. Yeagle's research is funded by $600,000 in grants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the National Science Foundation, and will involve NMR and other tools to help clarify the complex relationship between cholesterol and protein at the cellular level. Since little research has been conducted on this interaction at the cell membrane, he hopes his research will provide a more complete picture to link the relationship of these nutrients and their location in the cell with diseases such as obesity and atherosclerosis. A significant finding has emerged from research conducted in UB's Division of Cardiology which is causing scientists and physicians alike to re-think traditional views on factors governing coronary blood flow in both healthy individuals and those with coronary artery disease. Dr. Francis J. Klocke reported on this work at the Symposium. "It had always been believed that Dr. Francis Klocke ) �Research the primary physiological factors controlling coronary blood flow were inflow pressure and vascular resistance," said Dr. Klocke, professor of medicine and chief of the Division. But research suggested by Dr. Ron Bellamy, formerly of UB, and continued by the cardiology research team headed by Dr. Klocke has proved the existence of a pressure within the heart wall which also opposes coronary blood flow. The data suggest this pressure to be a contributor to flow reductions in coronary artery disease. The role of this so-called "zero flow" pressure has particular implications, Dr. Klocke said, because it remains operative during diastole, the period of relaxation between heart beats when the heart receives most of its nourishment. This finding is important from a basic physiological standpoint. It provides greater understanding of the mechanics of coronary blood flow, Dr. Klocke pointed out. Noting that animal studies are underway at UB's Clinical Center located at Erie County Medical Center, Dr. Klocke emphasized that it may be some time before technology will be available which will allow physicians to measure zero flow pressure in patients. The possibilities, however, are exciting, he said. If zero flow pressure's role can be precisely determined in specific forms of heart disease, further research may suggest how the pressure may be either manipulated or controlled to aid in treatment. "We also now know that zero flow pressure is not an artifact of blood vessel capacitance, as some investigators suggested initially," Dr. Klocke added. In addition to their studies of zero flow pressure, the UB cardiology researchers at ECMC have developed a helium technique which allows the amount of blood flowing through a narrowed artery to be precisely defined. Before the technique was developed it was not possible to quantify blood flow in the area of the heart supplied by a diseased artery. A gas chromatograph used by the researchers to analyze blood helium concentration was designed by Dr. Klocke. Other work underway by the team he heads focuses on how autonomic nerves control blood flow to the heart and the phenomenon by which some patients with stenosis revascularize blood flow through collateral vessels. Research by the team has been (Above) /mmunoflourescence study of capillary wall of patient with Goodpasture's Disease - an immunologically caused kidney disease. Dr. Guiseppe Andres (inset) reported on kidney disease research. funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute over the past 15 years with the group receiving a recent renewal of a $2.5 million grant last fall. Others involved in the research have included Drs. Robert A. Klocke, Robert E. Mates, David G. Greene, John Krasney, John Canty, Avery Ellis and Thomas Aversano. T echnological advancements during the early 1950s which have enabled scientists to remove and examine small fragments ·of diseased kidney tissue from living patients have been instrumental in significantly changing the concepts of renal disease pathogenesis, UB's 1982 Stockton Kimball Award winner Dr. Guiseppe Andres told the audience. "When I graduated from medical school in 1949, there was a long-held theory that renal disease was caused by an inflammatory process, and was a single disease entity," said the UB professor of pathology, microbiology, and medicine. Thday, however, it is believed that 80 to 90 per cent of renal disease is a result of underlying immunological response of the host to an antigen yet unidentified -which renders cells of the kidney useless in their vital filtering function . And it is now known that the disease does not develop in precisely the same way or for the same reasons in every patient. The dramatic shift to emphasis on immunological rather than morphological origins of the disorder is credited to scientific research made possible by the advent of the needle biopsy and by development of light/electron microscopy and immunofluorescence techniques for testing tissue. "Until the early 1950s when Sweden's Alval and later Denmark's Iversen and Brun demonstrated that diseased renal tissue could be removed under local anesthetic from Jiving patients, it had not been possible to BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 �Research "The kidney has been a driving force to stimulate research in other areas- in autoimmune disorders and other diseases in which the host response to antigen is an important component." • Radiation plus drug increases survival rate R Eighty posters outlining research projects were on display during the Day. examine evidence of the disease prior to autopsy," Dr. Andres pointed out. At autopsy, the typical sclerotic pattern seen microscopically in tissue appeared identical in nearly all who succumbed to renal disease, so the origins and pathogenesis of the disorder were obscured. "The new scientific tools were significant in that they helped us to gather evidence which pointed to an immunological basis for most renal disease," Dr. Andres said . "But, even more importantly on a clinical basis, they permitted us to differentiate among the disorders." Much of the credit for the changing concepts goes to Dr. Frank Dixon , head of the Scripps Clinic, an old friend of Dr. Andres who demonstrated that different types of renal disease may be produced by the same antigen and the same pathogenic mechanism. Research at UB-Buffalo General Hospital and elsewhere today focuses on better understanding of specific mechanisms of the immune response which go awry to cause disease of the kidneys. "The biggest problem facing researchers in renal disease is that the antigen is unknown in most cases," Dr. Andres said. But despite this missing- and vital - clue which may hold the key to future prevention or eradication of the disease, the knowledge gained over 22 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN the past three decades has succeeded in spelling a longer lifespan and improved quality of life for many. "Dialysis and renal transplantation have prolonged life for patients who would have otherwise died from the poisonous body byproducts their kidneys could not clear," Dr. Andres said. And drugs such as the steroids and the immunosuppressant Imuran have also played a major role in reducing antibodies which would destroy renal tissue in those with organ transplants as well as in others who may or may not require dialysis. Experimental cyclosporin A also appears a valuable drug which may be used to reduce the rejection rate of donor organs and the destructive antibodies which would destroy the transplanted kidney. But, said Dr. Andres, it is not known yet whether that drug has value in treating the underlying immunological response which sets the disease in motion. Evidence gleaned from efforts by scientists such as Dr. Andres and his colleagues may ultimately lead to improved immunomodifiers and other agents which manipulate components of the immune system to halt the disease before irrepairable damage has occurred. While research on pathogenesis of renal disease has benefited thousands of patients over the past three decades. Dr. Andres pointed out it has also had wider implications. adiation therapy combined with the anticancer drug hydroxyurea appears to significantly increase survival rates for patients with cancer of the uterine cervix. according to results of a clinical study by a UB oncologist at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Dr. M. Steven Piver, deputy chief of gynecologic oncology at RPM!. reports that 20 patients with localized Stage liB cancer of the cervix who received the combination therapy showed a 94 per cent five-year survival rate compared to 53 per cent for an equal number suffering identical disease who were treated with standard radiation and placebo. The patients had all undergone exploratory surgery that determines the disease had not spread outside the pelvis to the para-aortic lymph nodes. A clinical professor of gynecologyobstetrics at UB. Dr. Piver believes that if the study's findings are verified elsewhere. the combination treatment could save a substantial number of the 6.000 women who die annually in the U.S. from cervical cancer. While hydroxyurea has been used as a chemotherapeutic agent against multiple myeloma and some leukemias. its benefits in the cervical cancer study appear to stem from its ability to enhance effects of radiation on malignant cells. Dr. Piver says. This action has been demonstrated in cell culture and in transplanted animal tumors, he adds. and may be true in human patients. Presenting results of the RPMI-based study at the 19th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in San Diego. Dr. Piver pointed out that advances in radiation therapy have not produced a corresponding increase in survival rates among women with this relatively common form of cancer. "More significant strides: · he said. " have been made through development of the PAP lest which allows early detection of the disease:· Early detection and treatment. he noted. result in nearly a 100 per cent cure rate. "1echnology would allow us to kill virtually all the cells- healthy and malignant with enough radiation - but this approach is clinically unacceptable:· Dr. Piver emphasized. Hydroxyurea's role as a radiation enhancer allows a physician to use the standard dose of radiation to achieve better results by destroying malignant cells without harming large numbers of healthy ones. Early detection. though. is still the key in preventing deaths from cancer of the cervix. \ I �Acting VP Pannill leaves post \ J \ I M edical School Dean John Naughton has been named acting vice president_ for health sciences to replace Vice President F. Carter Pannill Jr., who resigned from the post effective July 31. After a six-month study leave. Pannill will return to teaching and research duties here as professor of medicine in February. 1984. Noting that Dr. Naughton will continue in his role as dean of the School of Medicine, President Sample said, "As a respected leader in the Western New York medical community. Dr. Naughton is known and admired throughout the University for his talents as chief academic officer of our Medical School. We are fortunate indeed to be able to draw upon his broad knowledge and administrative expertise in filling the post of Acting Vice President for Health Sciences." Dr. Naughton praised Dr. Pannill's "strong leadership" and said he "worked diligently and hard to insure strong programs in each of the health sciences: he revitalized the entire faculty, especially in the Medical School and Health Sciences areas." Commenting on his new appointment as acting vice president, Dr. Naughton described his two primary concerns. "The first will be to make sure that the quality of our programs doesn't suffer during the construction project on the Main Street campus," he said. "We will do all we can to facilitate the work of the faculty and the convenience of the students. "Another ongoing concern," he added, "is to protect the integrity of our program during times of fiscal austerity. We will also continue to foster stronger and stronger relationships with each of our teaching hospitals." Of the massive construction/renovation project currently underway on the Main Street campus, Dr. Naughton said, "It will give us, when completed, a facility that will make us very proud of being part of the state system. It will be most conducive to maintaining the quality of work by faculty and students." Dr. Naughton stated, "I look forward to the opportunity to work with the Dr. John Naughton in Medical School office. (Inset) Dr. F. Carter Panni/1 with gift at one of several farewell parties. PHOTOS: FRANCIS SPECKER BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 23 �Health Sciences faculty and to continue the programs and work that Carter Pannil! began." "Dr. Pannill's many contributions to Health Sciences and the entire University have been exemplary," Sample commented, "and his outstanding leadership has served as a model to all of us in our academic community. Under his guidance, our health science programs have expanded in size and scope and have enhanced their national reputations. We owe him a debt of gratitude." • View of Farber Hall facing Bailey Avenue: it's surrounded by new construction. MDlPhD New program trains medical scientists I n the classnotes section of this issue, a note on the Class of 1964 reports that Dr. Franklyn Knox has been named dean of the Mayo Medical School. That same Dr. Knox was the first dual M.D.-Ph.D. graduate of the UB School of Medicine. His elevation at Mayo coincides with the full-scale launching here this fall of a "Medical Scientist TI-aining Program" leading to the combined M.D.-Ph.D. According to Dr. Donald S. Faber, director of the Division of Neurobiology and also coordinator of the new program, students have traditionally been able to earn both degrees here, but the usual pattern was that the individual took time either before or after medical school for the Ph.D. Now, for those accepted into the Program, it will be possible to work toward both degrees simultaneously, completing both in six, or perhaps seven years. The first two beginning students were accepted in 1982, and three more entered this August. The goal, reports Dr. Faber, is eventually to accept four beginning students each year (although a student accepted into the M.D. program only can apply during either the first or second year of med school). The new Program (similar to others offered at most upper tier medical schools in the U.S.) is designed to narrow the gap of knowledge and understanding that often separates highly specialized scientists from practicing physicians. Its graduates will bring both clinical and research skills to their work in the laboratories and classrooms of medical schools, teaching hospitals and research foundations. Ideally, says Dr. Faber, these will be 24 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN review of "the state of the art" in each of those areas. Medical students, on the other hand, were simply presented with these findings in class lectures. Dual degree students also take a "Selective" course on ethics offered to all medical students, but with a special component focusing on the ethics of biomedical research. Dr. Stephen Wear (who has a joint appointment in philosophy and medicine) developed the offering especially for this group of students. Summers during the first two years are to be spent in active research work. Where the regular M.D. student goes on to clinical work in the third year, the student in the new Program will ordinarily turn to his or her Graduate School work at that point. Three years will be spent in that phase of the Program before the student finishes with approximately a year and a half of clinical rotations. he competition for such students is The Ph.D. portion of the work may be stiff, Dr. Faber notes. "We're comearned in Anatomical Sciences, Biopeting with institutions such as Duke, chemistry, Biophysical Sciences, the University of Rochester, and Washington University of St. Louis, Microbiology, Pathology. Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Physiology, Bioensome of which accept up to 15 students gineering, Psychology. Biological a year into their programs." Many of Sciences, or at Roswell Park. Each stuthese programs also receive federal dent will perform an original research funding, something UB hopes to attract project suitable for dissertation and as the offering here becomes more then prepare and defend the thesis. established. Clinical contacts will continue during Financial support of $6,000 per year for those in the Program is currently these grad school years through special provided by the School of Medicine and seminars emphasizing clinical issues. by the UB Graduate School which has attendance at weekly Grand Rounds agreed to fund four scholarships and a series of lectures in medicine. This pattern can be changed, of annually. Details of the Program are both flex- course, if for any individual it is more ible and in the formative stages. Essen- appropriate to take selected clinical tially the first two years will find the rotations along with graduate work. M.D.-Ph .D. student in the same basic The point is, notes Dr. Faber, that science classes as regular med students "we're trying to let the program evolve - with the difference that these dual as we learn from experience. We want program students will be assigned ex- to step back, look, and ask questions. tra research . For example, in a As we find the answers. the distinctions Physiology class last spring dual M.D.- between the medical and graduate Ph.D. students had to research two components of the program will topics of interest and prepare a short become even more blurred." • "superpeople" who will do both research and clinical work at the same time. If they elect to do only one or the other, however, they will at least have an understanding of both aspects of medicine. The demanding dual program, in Dr. Faber's view, tends to appeal to the very brightest students - those who recognize that medical school training alone will not meet their desire to be inquisitive scientists. Those applying are expected to equal or surpass the quality of students admitted either to the School of Medicine or the UB Graduate School. They will also have to demonstrate a sincere and continuing enthusiasm for their chosen scientific discipline. Students who have previously spent time in a research laboratory or who have publications to their credit will receive priority consideration. T �Medical School News Dean's staff is reorganized R eorganization of activities of the dean's staff has been announced by Dr. John M. Naughton. including appointment of Dr. Michael Anbar, recently named executive director of the Health Instruments Development Institute (HID!), as associate dean for applied research. Realignment of other duties was brought on by the absence of an associate dean for student and curricular affairs. the post recently vacated by Dr. Leonard Katz. Dr. Paul Davis has agreed to chair a search committee for this post. A candidate is to be identified by January 1. 1984. Staff members with realigned responsibilities are: ,. Dr. Jack Richert who has been assigned duties dealing with medical student registration, graduation certification, alumni affairs, financial aid. the academic calendar. and publication of the student handbook. course books and the School Register. He has been relocated to 139 Cary Hall and will be assisted by Mrs. Nancy Druar. Medical Alumni secretary. and Jill Kwiatkowski. ,. Dr. Maggie Wright will coordinate student counseling, the programs for minority and socially disadvantaged students, the preclinical and clinical advisors. the various summer programs. and the Leave of Absence Committee. In addition. she will staff the First and Second Year Committees. She will be assisted by Mr. Frank Roberts through December 31, 1983. and by Ms. Linda Gould. ,. Dr. Frank Schimpthauser will coordinate the Selective Committees and programs for years one and three. staff the Third and Fourth Years Committees. coordinate the preceptorship program, and staff the Accelerated Program. Siegel Awards Committee. and programs dealing with academic excellence, such as AOA. Thesis Honors, and the Awards Committee. In addition. he will continue to provide services related to teaching evaluations and educational evaluations. He will be assisted by Dr. Randolph Sarnacki and Ms. Cathy Cyrulik. Dr. Sarnacki will staff and coordinate the Summer Research Fellowship Committee. • 12th annual Orthopaedic Day T he 12th Annual University Orthopaedic Residents Scientific Day was held May 26 at the Erie County Medical Center. Kingsbury Heiple. M.D.. professor and chairman. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Case Western University, was the visiting professor and delivered the 8th Annual David M. Richards. M.D. Memorial Lecture, titled "Use of Fluted Rods in Subtrochanteric and Shaft Fractures of the Femur." Five orthopaedic residents presented scientific thesis papers: Dr. DavidS. Bevilacqua. "Pilon Fractures (Intra-articular Fractures of the Distal Tibia)": Dr. Joseph E. Buran. "An Analysis of Diaphyseal Fractures in Children Ages 2-12": Dr. Ronald M. Cam. "Silastic Arthroplasty for Acute Radial Head Fractures"; Dr. Peter E. Shields. "Shoulder Impingement Syndrome": and Dr. David J. Winnick, "One Stage Reduction and Reconstruction of Spastic Dislocations of the Hip." Four emeritus faculty were honored for their dedicated service as skilled clinicians and outstanding educators: Drs. James P. Cole, Russell B. Erickson (deceased). Joseph D. Godfrey. and George H. Marcy. • US ranks 24th in minority percentage T he UB Medical School ranked 24th in the nation among 124 medical schools in terms of the percentage of minority representation in its enrollment for 1982-83. Minorities constituted 10.8 per cent of Medical School enrollment here that year. The average for minority enrollment for the three years ending in 1982-83 was 8.9 per cent. according to figures compiled by The New Physician using data from the Association of American Medical Colleges· Directory of American Medical Education. Rekate, Schenk, Katz honored A wards and recognitions highlighted the Annual Faculty Meeting of the School of Medicine. May 25. at the Katharine Cornell Theatre at Amherst. Dr. Albert C. Rekate. retired professor of medicine and lecturer in rehabilitation medicine. was presented with the Dean's Award (the School of Medicine's Silver Medal) and Dr. W.G. Schenk. Jr.. professor and chairman. Department of Surgery. received the Stockton Kimball Award (Steuben crystal). The Dean's Award is presented for outstanding service to the school and the Kimball Award. for faculty accomplishment in scholarship and research. A special Distinguished Service Award went to Dr. Leonard A. Katz in recognition of his eight years of service as associate dean for student and curricular affairs and director of the Office of Medical Education. "Dr. Katz:· Dean John Naughton read in a special Dean Naughton presents award to Dr. Rekate. citation. "distinguished himself as a friend of numerous students. a leader of faculty. and a leader in the area of educational innovation. The Selective Program was nourished and subsequently flourished as a result of his foresight and his commitment to enlarging educational opportunity for medical students. His skills and talents were recognized when. in 1976. the Iris was dedicated to him. He represented the School of Medicine in many forums in the statewide and national scenes, and through his friendliness and dedication he helped earn the esteem and respect for the institution from our peer institutions. He truly was a ·man for all seasons: and is truly a distinguished servant of the School of Medicine of the University at Buffalo:· the dean said. The School's four past and present Distinguished Professors were saluted with the unveiling of framed photos and citations for each to be hung in the Lippschutz Conference Room in Farber Hall. The four are Dr. Ernest Witebsky, (deceased). named a Distinguished Professor of Bacteriology and Immunology in 1954: Dr. Hermann Rahn. named Distinguished Professor of Physiology in 1972: Dr. Oliver P. Jones. recognized as Distinguished Professor of Anatomical Sciences in 1976: and Dr. Felix Milgram. honored as Distinguished Professor of Microbiology in 1981. The Louis A. and Ruth Siegel Teaching Awards were presented to Dr. Alastair C. Brownie. professor and chairman. Department of Biochemistry. in the pre-clinical faculty category: Dr. Richard H. Ad ler. professor of surgery. in the clinical faculty grouping: and Dr. William C. Heyden. clinical instructor in surgery. among the volunteer faculty. Siegel commendation letters were awarded: ,. to six pre-clinical faculty [Dr. Murray Ettinger. associate professor of biochemistry: Dr. Perry Hogan. professor of physiology: Dr. Charles Severin. assistant professor of anatomical sciences: Dr. John Wright. professor and chairman. pathology: Dr. Stephen Gutman. assistant professor of pathology: and Dr. Sabina Sobel. assistant professor of anatomical sciences]. ,. to four clinical faculty [Dr. Sattar Farzan. clinical professor of medicine: Dr. Jules Constant. clinical associate professor of medicine: Dr. Bradley Truax. assistant professor of neurology. and Dr. Margaret MacGillivray. professor of pediatrics]. and ,. to two volunteer faculty [Dr. James Nunn. clinical associate professor of family medicine and clinical associate in medicine: and Dr. Norman Sfeir. clinical instructor in medicine]. Housestaff Awards went to: Dr. David DiMarco. clinical assistant instructor in surgery, and Dr. Sarah Elsaharty, clinical assistant instructor in urology. Three housestaff members received commendation letters: Dr. Gregory Ivins. clinical assistant instructor in surgery: Dr. Charles Chambers, clinical assistant instructor in medicine, and Dr. Michael Delissio, clinical assistant instructor in medicine. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 25 �By Mary Kunz In debt Most students leave here owing $25 ,000 ''0 ne of the main problems in medical school is that there's no guarantee the cost will stay the same from year to year," sighed Debra Salter. a third-year medical student here. "You have to budget for more than when you go in." Her husband. Wallace Salter. also a medical student at the University, echoed her words. "Just plan on being in debt," he laughed. Debra and Wallace Salter are just two of many medical students trying valiantly to struggle their way through the skyrocketing costs of medical education today. Even in a relatively low-cost public institution such as UB. the task is not easy. In one year. medical school tuition here rose from $4,300 to $5.550- an increase of 30%. "Almost everyone's on loans," commented Dr. John A. Richert. assistant dean of the School of Medicine. He added that last year. "the total disbursement of funds we handled was over $4.000,000. Over $3,000,000 of that was in the form of loans." Debra Salter lamented that even guaranteed annual student loans for $5.000 are now insufficient. "It wasn't so bad in the past. because the tuition was under $5.000." she noted, "but now you're almost forced to take out an additional loan." Richert's statistics reflected this situation. "The bulk of students who go through this school are leaving in debt to the tune of $25,000," he pointed out. "And that's just for education." L oans may take the form of Guaranteed Student Loans, Health Professional Loans, or Auxiliary Loans to Assist Students (ALAS). Scholarships may be awarded through military programs, national minority fellowships, exceptional financial need scholarships, Regents Scholarships or Physician Shortage Scholarships. In addition. there is a State tuition waiver program called MOLD (for Medicine. Optometry, Law and Dentistry). About 100 of these tuition waivers were given last year to financially disad26 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN . vantaged Buffalo medical students. Richert noted. "It's all based upon need," he explained. Debra Salter is the recipient of a Smith-Klein-Beckman Award, 30 of which are presented annually throughout the country. She is the first UB student to have received one. The money makes a big difference. because most medical students have little or no time to hold jobs, except in the summer. "They don't encourage you to hold a job. but they do encourage summer jobs," Wallace Salter said. "Most students work during the summer they like to see you do something in the medical field , to give you experience." Last summer, Wallace said, he worked in the geriatrics program of Buffalo's Veterans Administration Hospital, researching alcoholism. Even students with no financial need are encouraged to find extra work in the medical field in their summers or spare time. One such student is Sanford Levy. a second-year medical student here. Although his father, a physician himself, is able to pay his son's tuition with no trouble, Levy has spent many summers working in the field. ''I've been interested in medicine all along," Levy commented. "I worked in a psychiatric center for two summers. and one summer I did volunteer work in a neurological clinic. Another summer. I worked in the .Erie County Medical Center." He smiled, "Now that I'm in med school. I bum around during my summers." Levy is the recipient of one of UB's recently instituted Scholar Incentive Awards. These awards, he explained, provide $2,000 every year, renewable at the end of each year as long as the student passes his or her courses. Four Scholar Incentive Awards are given out every year - two to majority and two to minority students - based on students' MCAT scores and weighted grade point averages. Levy appreciates his award, but views it as a welcome stroke of luck rather than a necessity. "It's nice getting the break, but I'd be here whether or not I had it," he said. "It's a good program designed to encourage good students. For me, it was just a nice extra." Levy's parents are not unique in helping their son through medical school. Debra and Wallace Salter agreed that help from parents is nothing unusual. �------------------------------------------Students "I think it would be very difficult to get through without help from parents," commented Debra Salter. "It's not always the case, but most students do have help." D ebra's parents help their daughter and her husband by taking care of some of the extra, non-educational costs. The house on Stockbridge Avenue that the Salters occupy is owned by Debra's parents, who rent out the upstairs apartment. "Little costs add up," Wallace Salter pointed out. and the two of them have devised ways to cut corners on expenses. "We get just one textbook between us," Debra volunteered. "Textbooks are expensive." If not always easier on the bank account, marriage to another medical student has other advantages. "For us, it's easier than if we were single," Wallace Salter asserted. "Financially, it's tougher, but supportively, it's easier." Debra Salter suggested that the scholastic advantages of being married to another medical student lie in the fact that both are going through the same schedule and courses. "If one of us was a medical student and the other one wasn't, it would be difficult." she reasoned. "If you didn't have the common interest. it might pull you apart. With us. it's easier. We take the same classes together and we study together." The Salters met in Colorado and. after getting married, applied together to medical school. They were accepted at Albany before UB but chose UB because of its low tuition. "When we first got accepted at Albany, we thought. oh no!" Wallace Salter laughed. "Students facing a choice need to consider tuition. We're fortunate because UB is a very good school as well as a state school. It's the best school for your money." Levy, a Buffalo native, welcomed the opportunity to attend medical school in the area. "My decision to come to UB was a personal as well as a financial decision," he claimed. "Here, the tuition is lower. It's a state school - I think it's the best bargain around. You pay a lot less ..." Still, even a state medical school is far from inexpensive, and medical school remains a financial struggle for most students. Debra Salter was pessimistic. "For us, it's not so bad, because we've got only two years to go," she pointed out, "but beginning students will have it really hard." • Summer programs Minorities gain exposure to research work R ather than spending a leisurely summer, a group of academically talented minority students opted instead to spend the time gaining valuable experience working with UB researchers. Selected for their expressed interest in future careers in either science or medicine and a demonstrated academic achievement record, 18 undergraduates from institutions around the nation and seven area high schools participated in two separate programs. For an eight-week period they worked in laboratory settings on the Amherst and Main Street campuses as well as in teaching hospitals under supervision of faculty. Sixteen of the undergraduates in the Summer Research Program worked with faculty in the School of Medicine; two others were placed in Biological Sciences and Physics and Astronomy. Funding for this program was provided partly by monies from the Buffalo Foundation and partly by the School of Medicine. Five of those selected to participate in the Minority High School Student Research Apprentice Program worked in laboratories of School of Medicine faculty: two others, in Biological Sciences. Grants from the National In- stitutes of Health to Dr. Donald Rennie, vice president for research and graduate studies, and Assistant Medical Dean Dr. Maggie Wright and the School of Medicine supported this effort. Mrs. George Unger, coordinator of UB's Office of Affirmative Action. said the 18 undergraduates who came from as far away as Texas and Florida, had completed the sophomore year at their respective colleges and universities. The Program provided them with experience in research settings in the biological, physical and chemical sciences where minorities historically have been underrepresented . Every effort was made, she said, to match students with faculty who have similar interests. Students selected for either Program do more than merely observe in the laboratories- they are expected to expand both their research skills and knowledge by working on actual projects. Undergraduates in the Summer Program from outside Buffalo received a stipend which included their room and board; Buffalo participants received monies for transportation and incidental expenses. Those in the High School Apprentice Program were paid an hourly rate. Med Student Dennis Hollins (left), Or. Maggie Wright and Or. Robert Baier at session of summer program for minority students. ~ ~ 0 z g 0 I a.. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �This is the second year the two Programs have been offered. D r. Charles Kaars. assistant to the vice president for research and graduate studies, who with Dr. Wright coordinated the Apprentice Program, noted that some 100 area students applied this year. Last year, he said, only about 30 sent in applications. Mrs. Unger and Drs. Kaars and Wright emphasized that a willing group of faculty who have volunteered to provide interested students with training to both increase their skills and encourage their career plans have been an important component in the success of the Programs. Student quality has been a factor as well. "It's a two-way street, with faculty. staff and students learning from each other." said Dr. Wright. The Combined Programs. she said. allow early identification of talented minority students locally and nationally at the high school and undergraduate levels who are interested in careers in science and medicine. creating opportunities designed to maintain their interest through working with scientific professionals and support staff. UB personnel also follow-up with the students and their advisors on their home campuses. In addition to actual "hands-on" laboratory experiences." the students attended seminars presented by faculty designed to further whet their appetites for scientific careers. At the conclusion of the Programs, participating students prepared oral presentations on their experiences for colleagues and faculty. Students enrolled in the Apprentice Program and their mentors were Rose Marie Bell. a senior in the City Honors Program. who worked with Dr. Claes Lundgren in the Department of Physiology: Maria C. Bunche, a West Seneca West junior. with Dr. Michael Hudecki. Department of Biological Sciences; Karleyton Evans, from Tonawanda who will be a freshman at Boston University this fall, with Dr. David Pendergast. Department of Physiology: David Love Jr.. a Buffalo student who will be a freshman at NYU, with Dr. Gail Willsky. Department of Biochemistry; Cynthia Ruiz, a junior at South Park High School. with Dr. Roberta Pentney. Department of Anatomical Sciences: Todd White. a junior at Williamsville East. with Dr. Francis Bellino, Department of Biological Sciences: and Marla L. Young, a Buffalo student who will be a freshman at Canisius. with Dr. Philip LoVerde in the Department of 28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (From left) Students Marla Young and Lisa Falgout with Dr. Philip LoVerde, Department of Microbiology. Dr. Wright (Jeff) with undergraduates in the Minority Summer Research Program (front row, from Jeff): Toney, Adams, Brown, Morales, Roman, Bridges, Luchey, Dace and (back row, from Jeff) Bohannon, Falgout, Shanks, Daniel, Troup, Mays, de Ia Fuente, Bloodsaw, Dial and Agocha. Microbiology. Students and faculty participating in the Undergraduate Summer Research Program were: Vallee Adams, Clarksdale, Miss., with Dr. Murray Ettinger, Department of Biochemistry: Augus- tine Agocha. New York City, with Dr. Robert Noble, Department of Biochemistry; Roderick Bloodsaw, Eufala, Ala., with Dr. Lee Bernardis, Department of Medicine; Arline Bohannon, East Amherst, with Dr. Carmela Privitera, �Students Instruction sheets Student competition centered on providing clear information J Department of Biological Sciences; Diana Bridges, Buffalo, with Dr. Vijay Kumar, Department of Microbiology: Leslie Brown, Jacksonville, Fla., with Dr. Robert O'Shea. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine; Selwyn Daniel. Lansing. Mich .. with Dr. Margaret Acara. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Horacio de Ia Fuente. Huntington. N.Y.. with Dr. Bruce McCombe, Department of Physics and Astronomy: Alphonso Dial, Anniston. Ala .. with Dr. Daniel Kosman, Department of Biochemistry; Abel Doce. Bronx. with Dr. Boris Albini. Department of Microbiology; Lisa Falgout. New Orleans. with Dr. Philip LoVerde. Department of Microbiology: Ida Luchey. Buffalo, with Dr. Gerald Sufrin. Department of Urology: Adrienne Mays. Dallas. with Dr. Stefan Cohen, Department of Medicine; Margaret Morales, Brooklyn, with Dr. Donald Faber. Department of Physiology; Yvonne Roman, Brooklyn. with Dr. Daniel Amsterdam, Department of Medicine; Donna Shanks, Cincinnati, with Dr. Diane Jacobs. Department of Microbiology: Sheila Toney. Madison. Ala., with Dr. Mary Thub. Department of Biochemistry; and TI"aci TI"oup, St. Paul, Minn., with Dr. Bernice Noble, Department of Microbiology. • unior medical student Christopher Walsh and graduate student Sistine Chen took top honors during the 1982-83 school year in a unique, nationally judged competition among UB sophomore medical students for preparation of the best Patient Medication Instruction Sheet (PMI). The staff of the Division of Drugs of the American Medical Association (AMA) served as judges in the contest which dealt with patient instructions for taking codeine. The drafting of patient instruction sheets was introduced as part of the sophomore Pharmacology course with the aim of encouraging better understanding of drugs and more effective communication with patients, according to Dr. Cedric Smith. professor of pharmacology and therapeutics. Providing prescriptions and administering medicines involves explicit and implicit communications between physician and patient. Dr. Smith noted. It is widely recognized. he said, that these communications are only erratically "sent'' and even more erratically "received."' Some people have spoken of a "patient-doctor communication gap." Recognition of this gap. Dr. Smith said. was a motivating force behind development of a descriptive instructional note to be included with every drug - the so-called "patient package "The exercise is a wav to teach students to communicate" insert." Concurrent with developing national interest in such inserts, the UB Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics was stimulated by its chairman, Dr. Edward A. Carr, Jr.. to introduce the topic of doctor-patient communications into the major course in Pharmacology which takes place in the latter half of the medical student's sophomore year. Dr. Carr hit on the idea of using preparation of a "patient package insert" as a competitive exercise in communication. The exercise is unique to the UB School of Medicine. among medical schools, Dr. Smith said. At first. students were given examples of different package inserts and at the time of the "competition" were simply given the name of a drug and asked to write an insert for it. They followed their own best opinion as to how to go about communicating with patients assumed to have no expert knowledge. T he best of these submissions. as assessed by departmental faculty. were then submitted to the staff of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for their final adjudication of winner and runners-up. With discontinuation two years ago of the FDA's patient package insert program , new arrangements were explored with the Division of Drugs of the American Medical Association. That Division, headed by Dr. John Ballin. enthusiastically encouraged the department's efforts. Dr. Smith described the way the program was implemented this past year: "During the first part of the course. students were introduced to the concept of adequate and appropriate communication between doctor and patient regarding drugs being prescribed or administered. with special emphasis on how this system can be used to reinforce and augment the oral communication that everyone recognizes should take place. Students were provided examples of PMI's that have just been released by the A.M.A. These sheets contain at least the basic information on proper use of the medicine. its purposes. preparations for use, precautions and special instructions. "This past year, the competition was offered as a separate addendum to the Pharmacology course. Each of the student entries was scored by two faculty members. TYpescripts of the top 10 entries were submitted to the AMA Drugs Division. Overall. the division staff reported that the student submissions were excellent. The major problem, in their view. was that the texts seemed to be written for the professional and at too complex a level for many patients," Dr. Smith noted . The exercise is recommended for the future, he said, as a way to emphasize and teach students how better to communicate important information to patients. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 29 �A 35 A .. tJ9390G r / 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �----------------------------------------------------------------------------- People 35 t 593905 van Oss He helped Dutch Jews evade the Nazis A UB professor who helped save hundreds of Dutch Jews from the Nazis during the occupation of Holland has been honored for his efforts by the government of the Netherlands. Dr. Carl J. van Oss, professor of microbiology and adjunct professor of chemical engineering who is also the consul of the Netherlands in Buffalo, was a teenager in Amsterdam when the Nazis took control of his native country in 1940. But before the War ended, he had established a reputation among those in the Resistance as a talented forger whose skill provided both Jews and British pilots downed over Holland essential identity cards with which to escape from the Germans. The identity cards- printed by the Dutch government but not issued before the fall of Holland - were captured by the Nazi occupiers who made them mandatory for the citizenry. The Nazis assigned Dutch Jews cards onto which they had printed a large "J". The elaborate background of the cards made effective removal impossible. His entry into what would become a full-time job and vital contribution to the Resistance began modestly enough, Dr. van Oss recalls. On a spring day in 1940, he was asked to alter the identity card for a Jewish classmate, Hanna Platz. The act was committed not out of a sense of immediate danger to Miss Platz but rather from a sense of indignity that the Nazis would consider the Dutch Jews different from their countrymen. Although the Dutch in the spring of 1940 could not guess at what the Nazis had in store for Jews, most were at least suspicious of the special "J". "We knew that having a card with a 'J' was not in one's best interest, but we didn't know it would be used to single out those who would one day be shipped from Holland to the camps at Dr. van Oss forged intricate /0 cards to help protect Jews. By Mary Beth Spina BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �Auschwitz, Buchenwald and the others," says Dr. van Oss. By carefully affixing Hanna Platz's picture to the card of a non-Jew who reported her own card "missing" and painstakingly duplicating a portion of the printed seal which covered onequarter of the photo, Dr. van Oss completed his first forgery. Care had to be taken to remove the outer layer of the photo without slicing through to the owner's fingerprint on the other side. Furthermore, sex, age and occupation of the card's original owner had to match the new recipient as closely as possible in order to appear plausible to the authorities. "Later. I realized how crudely that first card had been altered," Dr. van Oss smiles mischieviously. "but nevertheless. it was good enough to fool those who checked it." A s his skill became more widelyknown - especially among former classmates and their friends- Dr. van Oss found himself forging larger numbers of identity cards. Some individuals he knew personally; most. however, he did not. Some Jews with darker complexions needed the altered cards to assist them in leaving the country: they were aided by Resistance workers who spirited them across French or Belgian borders. Their destinations were usually the south of France, Spain or Portugal. Others required the changed cards in order to move from their homes to other parts of Holland where they would establish new identities under nonJewish names. Successful deception depended in part upon the skill of the forger. but there were other pitfalls. "If the new owner of the card, when checked by the Germans. could not quickly and naturally repeat his or her name, occupation and age as it appeared on the document. that could be and was a fatal memory lapse," says the UB professor. So while a forged card was essential for escape or evasion, it was by no means a guarantee. At the beginning of the war, there were an estimated 125,000 Jews living in Holland; at war's end, only about 25,000. "There were right and wrong ways to hide from the Nazis if one was Jewish," says Dr. van Oss. Having a fair complexion, blond hair, an ability to speak Dutch and a well-forged identity card was the best possible combination. "1)rpically,'' van Oss recalls, "the Resistance would separate children from their families, moving them to 32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (Above) van Oss with Resistance medal in front of portrait of Queen Beatrix. (AI right) The van Oss family (from left): Ann, James, Mrs. van Oss, Dr. van Oss, Vivian. safe, rural areas where they would be placed with a Dutch family, posing as relatives or orphans. The parents would be given forged papers and either directed to another location in Holland or spirited outside the country." As the war progressed, the Nazis ordered all able-bodied Dutchmen to Germany to work in industries where workforces had been depleted by employees' conscription into service of the Fatherland. Luckily, Dr. van Oss was allowed toremain in Holland because of his "essential" job as a clerk with a company whose officers knew of his value to the Resistance. While the head of the company for whom he worked knew of his clandestine enterprises. his supervisor did not. Dr. van Oss "was frequently reprimanded for my lateness or absenteeism caused, of course, by the increasing demand for forged documents." A s the demand grew, he eventually solicited others in the Resistance whom he supervised in ~he fine art of forgery. The work was feverish. They knew by then that every document represented a life which could be lost if the papers were not completed in time. �----------------------------------------------------------------------------- People "We knew that the Jews were being rounded up and sent to detention camps in Holland. We still did not know, however, that these camps were merely way stations which led to death camps outside the country," says Dr. van Oss. The tools of forgery became more sophisticated. Where only pen and ink and a compass to complete the seal over the new card owner's picture had at first been necessary. soon an assortment of typewriters with different typefaces and a working knowledge of some 100 German officials' signatures were needed. Chemical tampering with the intricate background on the identity cards was considered as a way to speed up production but was rejected. "I thought many times that had the cards not already been prepared by the Dutch, the Germans would probably not have designed something as tamper-proof," the UB professor recalls. While many patriotic Dutch Gentiles gave their identity cards for use by Jews and downed British pilots, there were some district officials who sold blank identity cards for the right price. "These, of course, were preferred because we could fill in all information as needed to suit a recipient without having to alter anything," says Dr. van Oss. If the individual requiring a new card could pay, a small sum to defray expenses was asked by the Resistance. But no one was ever refused the valuable document for lack of funds. Those in the Resistance retained their own identity cards but for safety's sake used aliases when dealing with each other in their clandestine work. "My alias was van Delft - which I must admit was not very imaginative since it had been my late mother's maiden name," Dr. van Oss recalls. When he was picked up by the Germans one day in November. 1942. while visiting another Resistance member, he was questioned closely about several people - among them one van Delft. "I knew then they had heard the name in connection with the Resistance, but fortunately. they didn't know what van Delft looked like .... Arrested on suspicion of political crimes on orders of the German Army. Dr. van Oss was incarcerated for three months in Scheveningen Prison known later as the Orange Hotel because of the many Dutch imprisoned t h e re by the Germans. But perhaps because of his age and the convincing way he pleaded a lack of knowledge about Resistance activities. he was released. operated the prison. dealTheingGestapo more decently with those arrested on orders of the Army than those arrested by themselves. The food rations were meager but otherwise, Dr. van Oss recalls. treatment was not unusually harsh. "Some prisoners in other areas o.f the prison were beaten - these were Jews," he says sadly. Most of these ultimately were sent to concentration camps. His own cellmates were black marketeers considered by the Germans to be committing crimes against the government. "This was actually a slight misconception but probably true from the Germans' point of view. The Dutch did not consider black marketeers 'patriotic' to Holland - we saw them only as people in business strictly for the profits," Dr. van Oss adds. The day the Germans told the young van Oss he was free to leave the prison, he walked out and took the train home. Looking back, he does not recall being fearful of being arrested or held by the I t I ficial documents - including food cards. And when employees of the state-owned railroad struck against the Nazis, he was one of those summoned to help alter the occupation line on some 2000 workers' cards to prevent them from being imprisoned - or worse. The railroad employees, he notes, continued to get paid - not by the Germans, but from monies smuggled into Holland from England where Queen Wilhelmina had fled in 1940 to establish the Dutch government-inexile. Near the end of the war, it was estimated that 1000 Dutch a week in territory in the west still held by Germany were dying directly of hunger or of complications caused by malnutrition. The famous tulip bulbs which had produced the magnificent blooms heralding spring became a food source for the starving who ate them raw, or sliced and cooked them to make an unappetizing, but filling soup. While I I ' ----- - - The large J on the intricate background was impossible to alter. Germans. "I was a young man at the time and looked at the entire business as exciting, thrilling. Today. with a family and more responsibilities. I imagine I would indeed be scared," he says candidly. After his release. he went back to work for the Resistance and landed a new job as an inspector in a large bakery. "This job allowed me to set my own hours and not be conspiciously absent when forgeries required more of my time," he explains. In the latter years of the war, Dr. van Oss's work expanded to a variety of of- the bulbs weren't very tasty. Dr. van Oss recalls, they were better than nothing. Farmers began shrewdly to demand gold in payment for what little they had left to sell and those in the Resistance were hard put to smuggle food for those who. hidden, did not dare forage on their own. During this time, Dr. van Oss became expert at forging the signature of a certain German Army Captain Boldt whose name had to appear on bills of lading of foodstuffs allowed to cross into the western zone of Holland. Indeed, the UB professor became so BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �< I ---- --- ........................................................................................ I I • adept at writing the German's name that he doubts Boldt himself could have recognized the forgery. A fter all Holland was freed and Queen Wilhelmina returned from exile, Dr. van Oss was among those named to serve in the British Air Ministry Intelligence, attached to the new Dutch Air Force. With a rank equivalent to second lieutenant, he helped select those who would be trained in England for the new air force. "The Dutch government, wanting to be certain no one who had been a Nazi sympathizer would inadvertently be recruited, decided that members of the Resistance would be the best inquisitors of candidates," Dr. van Oss notes. Resuming his education after the war, Dr. van Oss received his doctorate in Paris and became director of the Laboratory of Physical Biochemistry at the National Veterinary College there prior to coming to the U.S. in 1963. Before joining UB in 1968, he had been employed by the Milwaukee (Wis.) Blood Center and Montefiore Hospital in New York City. Commenting on the award he received this year from the Netherlands' National Commission for the Commemorative Resistance Cross, Dr. van Oss estimates that of' approximately 100,000 eligible, perhaps only 20,00030,000 are still alive. It is estimated that another 100,000 Resistance members died during the war at the hands of the Germans. "I learned it was safer to be in the business of saving people than in spying. And those who did both were more likely to be killed," says Dr. van Oss. The UB professor begged his coconspirators to allow him to perform other tasks during the war, but he was never permitted to do so because of his great value as a forger. Even in the Resistance, everyone had his area of expertise, he says. France and other European nations honored their Resistance members a few years after World War II. Holland waited 38 years - unfortunately so, says Dr. van Oss, because many eligible have now died of old age. When his miniature medal arrived, it was a tangible reminder to Dr. van Oss of the hundreds of persons he helped save during a tragic chapter in his native country's history. While he has no way of knowing how many of those he helped survived the war, he estimates perhaps one-third of the 800 Jews for whom he forged papers either escaped from Holland or 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN successfully deceived the Nazis. It is known that Hanna Platz, the recipient of his first forgery attempt, escaped from Holland and when last heard of, was living in New York City. • UB PSYCHIATRIST DR. S. MOUCHLY SMALL HAS BEEN reelected to his fourth term as national president of the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA). Active in MDA since it was begun in the 1950s by New York City relatives of dystrophy patients. Dr. Small served as chairman of the organization's Scientific Advisory Council (later Committee) for many years before being named to the presidency in 1980. Dr. Small's interest in the dystrophies dates to his days as a student at Cornell Medical College in the 1930s. • DR. DONALD P. SHEDD, CHIEF OF HEAD AND NECK at Roswell Park and associate research professor of surgery at UB, was an invited speaker at the Sixth Academic Otolaryngology Conference in Bristol, England. in July. His subject was "Surgical Approaches to Post Laryngectomy Speech Rehabilitation." Dr. Shedd is author of a book on this subject. with B. Weinberg. Surgical and Prosthetic Approaches to Speech Rehabilitation (G.K. Hall Co .. Boston. 1980). • FOUR AWARDS WERE PRESENTED AT THE TRADITIONal dinner dance for the Erie County Medical Center staff at the Holiday Inn on Grand Island. June 10. The dance followed graduation ceremonies for 72 physicians and dentists completing residency training. The Ignaz Phillip Semmel weiss Award for research (founded in 1975 by Dr. D.A. Pragay) was given to Dr. Thomas Little III, a resident in the Department of Medicine. for his work entitled: "The Application of Radio Immunoassay for Myoglobin Th Quantitate Its Presence and Its Physiological Role in the Myocardial Tissue." The Norman Chassin Award (founded by Dr. Norman Chassin) went to Dr. Paul Rosenberg, a resident in Medicine, in recognition of his selection as outstanding resident. The White Coat Award for Educators was given to Drs. Joseph Walsh and Joseph Mylott (Department of Medicine). • Or. He (right) at going-away party. DR. DA-XUN HE, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION FELlow from Beijing. China, who studied library management at the Health Sciences Library for five months this year. was treated to a farewell party by Library staff prior to his return home. A dermatologist. Dr. He has been involved with library administration at the Chinese Academy of Medical Science's Institute of Medical Information for the past five years. The Institute. which is the national medical library of the People's Republic of China. is currently developing a National Biomedical Information Center and Network in cooperation with WHO. according to C.K. Huang. director of UB's Health Sciences Library. While at UB, Dr. He attended seminars with senior library staff as well as courses in health sciences librarianship at the School of Information and Library Studies. In ad- MOA President Or. S. Mouchly Small (right) with MOA executive committee member Sylvester L. Weaver on Labor Day telethon. �People McMaster University School of Medicine. is co-editor. Dr. Cohen organized and arranged funding for the conference on which the publication is based. It was held in March 1983 at Roswell Park Memorial Institute where Dr. Cohen is a UB research associate professor. dition, he worked on studies and special assignments. and met with University officials and library network groups to augment his training. Visits were made to health institutions both in Buffalo and in rural areas of Western New York. Dr. He also visited medical libraries at Columbia. Cornell, Harvard and Rochester Universities and the New York Academy of Medicine. DR. EVAN CALKINS, CHIEF OF THE DIVISION OF GERI· atrics/Gerontology. has received a Presidential Recognition Award from President Reagan for his leadership in developing the Network in Aging of Western New York, Inc. The professor of medicine was presented the award at a reception June 2 at the Buffalo Red Cross Auditorium by Dr. Bernard Kilbourn, District II director of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He is one of 14 individuals in the state to receive the recognition. The Presidential Award Program was established to honor efforts of people in public and private agencies. businesses and groups who provide outstanding service to their communities through participation in volunteer activities and public-private partnerships. Dr. Calkins. president of the Network in Aging of Western ew York, Inc., also received a proclamation from Erie County Executive Edward Rutkowski for his service to the community in the field of aging. A Massachusetts native and graduate of the Harvard Medical School. Dr. Calkins joined UB in 1961. Former director of medicine at Erie County Medical Center and head of the Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Medicine. he has been program director of the Geriatrics Fellowship Program at the Buffalo Veterans Administration Medical Center since 1979. • Dr. James F. Phillips Medicine and Gastroenterology in Buffalo, he will serve a one-year term. He succeeds Dr. Edmond J. Gicewicz. A graduate of the UB School of Medicine. Dr. Phillips has previously served as the Society's president-elect. vice-president. and as chairman of the Ethics Committee, Negotiations Committee. and the Community Relations Committee. He is also a delegate from Erie County to the Medical Society of the State of New York. and a member of the American Medical Association. the American Society of Internal Medicine. the Medical Society of the State of New York. and the Western New York G.J. and Liver Society. Dr. Phillips is a clinical professor of medicine at UB. DR. GERALD SUFRIN, CHAIRMAN, DEPARTMENT OF Urology. has been appointed to the Special Study Section for Small Business Innovative Research Programs of the National Institutes of Health. by Harold M. Davidson. executive secretary of the group. The 12-member panel includes a pathologist. a toxicologist. a dermatologist. an anesthesiologist, and a specialist in liver disease. among others. The panel studies for the NIH and the Small Business Administration proposals for grants to develop technology innovations in health fields among the small business community. The purpose is both to meet federal research and development needs and to create jobs to stimulate economic growth. • DR. JOHN BORDER, DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY, was elected to active fellowship in the American Surgical Association at the last annual meeting of the Association in Boca Raton. Florida. May 12-14. Dr. Border will be introduced to the Assembly of the Association at its 1984 annual meeting in Toronto. April 25-27. Dr. Evan Calkins DR. JAMES F. PHILLIPS HAS BEEN ELECTED PRE· sident of the Medical Society of the County of Erie. Dr. Phillips was installed at the Society's annual meeting held at the Buffalo Marriott Inn. May 26. A specialist in Internal DR. ELIAS COHEN HAS BEEN RE-ELECTED TO HIS 17th year as editor of the Newsletter and Journal of the Blood Banks Association of New York State. In August. Alan R. Liss Inc. released its third book under Dr. Cohen's editorship. entitled Non-HLA Antigens in Health. Aging and Malignancy. Dr. Dharam P. Singal. Department of Pathology. DR. ROBERT J. GRANTHAM, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR in the Department of Psychiatry's Division of Community Psychiatry. was one of five individuals receiving a Buffalo Branch-NAACP Community Service Award this year. President of the Kenmore Rotary Club. Dr. Grantham has served on the board of the Buffalo Speech and Hearing Center and on the Minority Advisory Committee of the New York State Department of Mental Hygiene. He was active in local efforts to establish the Sickle Cell Disease Center of Western New York. and is co-director of an innovative course for UB medical students on health care for the poor and disadvantaged. He enjoys a number of civic affiliations in Kenmore-Thnawanda. Formerly assistant dean of UB's Division of Undergraduate Education. Dr. Grantham has been on the faculty since 1975. Jan R. Jennings MR. JAN R. JENNINGS IS THE NEW PRESIDENT OF Millard Fillmore Hospital. Mr. Jennings. who was voted 1983 Young Hospital Administrator of the Year by the American College of Hospital Administrators. comes to Millard from St. Luke's Memorial Hospital Center in Utica. New York. where he was the chief executive officer. During his three years there. a new surgery and recovery wing. a new intensive care unit and a new renal dialysis unit were added to the hospital. He executed steps to get Central New York's first FAA approved heliport and air transport at the hospital, implemented a public health information series and restructured corporate policy for responsible financial management of the hospital. In addition to his experience at St. Luke's. Mr. Jennings served as assistant administrator at two large Pittsburgh hospitals. He has a B.S. in business from Indiana University (Pennsylvania) and a master's in hospital administration from the University of Pittsburgh. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 35 �---------------------------------------------------------------------------------· DUES PAYING ALUMNI 1982-1983 CALENDAR YEAR , JUNE 1, 1982 - MAY 31 , 1983 A special thanks to the 1 ,073 dues-paying medical alumni listed here. And to the nine reunion classes - 1933, 1938, 1943, 1948, 1953, 1958, 1963, 1968, 1973 who contributed $52 ,500 to the Medical School. 1933 Wilfrid M. Anna John L. Baube William G. Ford Henry Haines (left below) Donald Brundage Paul A. Burgeson Alfred Cherry John P. Crosby Edward G. Eschner Willard G. Fischer Jerome J. Glauber Irving Helfert Frank C. Hoak Eli A. Leven William F. Lipp Thomas C. McDonough Robert B. Newell Victor L. Pellicano Harold F. Wherley 1937 J. Curtis Hellriegel (right) Joseph W. Hewett Thomas C. Hobbie Ernest G. Homokay Franklyn A. Huber Louis Kolbrenner Murray A. Yost 1934 J. Edwin Alford John V. Anderson Alfred L. George John C. Kinzly Harry G. LaForge Charles E. May John D. o·connor Earle G. Ridall William G. Rocktaschel Myron G. Rosenbaum Edgar A. Slotkin Max B. Weiner Stanley J. Zambron 1935 Wendell R. Ames John F. Argue Willard H. Bernhoft Raymond H. Bunshaw Benjamin Coleman Kenneth H. Eckhert Maurice B. Furlong Victor B. Lampka Charles E. Moran Abner J. Moss Daniel D. Peschio Harry N. Thylor Clayton G. Weig 1936 Martin A. Angelo Richard C. Batt Alexander J. Bellanca 36 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Kenneth M. Alford John Ambrusko William L. Ball Charles F. Banas Francis E. Ehret Theodore C. Flemming Soil Goodman Stanley J. Jackson George F. Koepf Angelo Lapi Rose M. Lenahan Robert W. Lipsett Alice C. Lograsso James D. MacCallum M. Luther Musselman Irving Weiner David H. Weintraub William F. White Charles J. Woeppel 1938 Charles F. Becker Russell J. Catalano James R. Cole George M. Cooper Charles Donatelli Norman J . Foit Benjamin I. Gilson Harry C. Law Samuel L. Lieberman Alfred A. Mitchell H. Robert Oehler Eustace G. Phillies Maxwell Rosenblatt Vincent L. Rutecki Clarence A. Straubinger Walter L. Sydoriak Richard . Terry 1939 Russell L. Battaglia Grosvenor W. Bissell La Moyne C. Bleich George C. Brady 1943 A. (FIRST ROW): ALEXANDER SLEPIAN, ADRIAN J. PI.ESKOW, WILLIAM H. GEORGI, HAROLD P. GRASER, ALFRED F. LUHR, RAYMOND W. MITCHELL, KENNETH W. BONE. (SECOND ROW): RICHARD J. BUCKLEY, RICHARDS. FLETCHER, DUNCAN MacLEOD, LESTER W. FIX, CHARLES C. RICHARDS, JOHN M. DONOHUE, ROBERT C. McCORMICK, RONALD E. MARTIN. Ruth C. Burton Milton V. Caldwell Lloyd A. Clarke Alfred H. Dobrak William Dugan Matt A. Gajewski John H. Geckler Kenneth Goldstein Elizabeth P. Olmsted Anthony V. Postoloff Frank T. Riforgiato Roy E. Seibel John J. Squadrito Robert E. Storms Everett H. Wesp Marvin N. Winer 1940 Julian J. Ascher Marshall Clinton Jr. Herbert H. Eccleston William Hildebrand Jr. Warren R. Montgomery Jr. Harold Palanker Russell E. Reitz Albert C. Rekate Norbert J. Roberts Robert H. Roehl James P. Schaus Jr. C. Henry Severson Allan W. Siegner Louis A. Thippe William 0. Umiker Stanley T. Urban John G. Zoll 1941 Joseph T. Aquilina Berten C. Bean Anthony J. Cooper Robert W. Edmonds George A. Gentner Pasquale A. Greco Arnold Gross Donald W. Hall Eugene J. Hanavan Jr. Harold L. Kleinman Daniel J. McCue John J. O'Brien Allen A. Pierce John T. Pitkin Anthony J. Virgo Philip B. Wels Leonard Wolin Floyd M. Zaepfel A MESSAGE TO ALUMNI Dear Fellow Alumni: Your Alumni Board has been actively planning an interesting calendar of events for this coming year. We welcome your active participation as well as your ideas and suggestions for the association. It has been through the efforts of many that our organization has prospered over the years. Please mark your calendar for these special events: February 13-20, Medical Alumni trip to beautiful Puerto Vallarta for a medical accredited seminar; May 5 for the annual Spring Clinical Day. As these events fi"lalize more information will be available. I look forward to an enjoyable year working with you and your Alumni Board. Eugene Michael Sullivan, M.D. President, Medical Alumni Association �·--------------------------------------------------------------------- Alumni . . ., '".! P,r·" ll!~ FOUND~TilW I C.. 3 1943 (FIRST ROW): MARVIN L. BLOOM, JOSEPH VALVO, KEVIN O'GORMAN, WILLIAM C. NIESEN, PAUL J. WOLFGRUBER, (2ND ROW): ROBERT W. MOYCE, ANTHONY J. MARANO, SALVA10RE J. COLANGELO, CHARLES J. TANNER, EDMUND M. TEDEROUS, MORRIS UNHER, EDWARD M. TRACY, AMOS J. MINKEL. (3RD ROW): JOHN R. WILLIAMS, JOHN P. GUINTHER, JOSEPH J. RICOTTA, JOHN C. NINFO, THOMAS L. GRAYSON, RALPH T. BEHLING, WILLIAMS. KEENAN, BRONISLAUS J. GALOYS, IVAN L. BUNNELL, ERWIN R. CHILLAG, THOMAS H. HEINEMAN. 1942 Albert J. Addesa Horace L. Battaglia Vincent S. Cotroneo George L. Eckhert Harrison M. Karp Diana D. Kibler Boris L. Marmolya Richard Milazzo Vincent J. Parlante John D. Persse Jr. Edward L. Schwabe Martha L. Smith 1943 Ralph T. Behling Paul K. Birtch Marvin L. Bloom Richard J. Buckley Ivan L. Bunnell Peter A. Casagrande Salvator J. Colangelo Robert J. Collins John M. Donohue Alfred S. Evans B. Joseph Galdys Thomas L. Grayson Stewart L. Griggs Victor Guarneri John P. Guinther Thomas R. Humphrey Richard J. Jones William S. Keenan Jr. Ruth F. Krauss Melbourne H. Lent Anthony J . Marano Ronald E. Martin George Marvin Robert C. McCormick Amos J. Minkel Jr. Robert W. Moyce Kevin M. O'Gorman Walter R. Petersen Col. Bradley W. Prior Charles C. Richards Joseph J . Ricotta Gene D. Sherrill Alexander Slepian Rasph E. Smith Jr. Burton R. Stein Winslow P. Stratemeyer Charles J . Thnner Jr. Edmund M. Tederous Edward M. Tracy Hazel J. Trefts Louis A. Trovato Morris Unher Joseph A. Valvo La Verne G. Wagner John R. Williams Paul J. Wolfgruber 1944 Anthony M. Aquilina Willard H. Boardman Raymond G. Bondi Robert L. Brown Joseph P. Concannon Herman Edelberg Richard W. Egan Newland W. Fountain Thomas F. Frawley Frank T. Frost Andrew A. Gage Irwin A. Ginsberg Harold P. Graser Raymond A. Hudson Sidney R. Kennedy. Jr. Frank H. Long. Jr. Federico J. Maestre William K. Major Francis C. Marchetta Raymond C. Perkins Joseph Ross Sidney M. Schaer Carrol J. Shaver Byron M. Souder Walter F. Stafford. Jr. Clinton H. Strong James R. Sullivan R.G. Wilkinson. Jr. 1945 Richard H. Adler William S. Andaloro Bruce F. Baisch Vincent J. Capraro Norman Chassin George M. Ellis. Jr. Edward G. Forgrave George W. Fugitt. Jr. A. Arthur Grabau Richard M. Greenwald Herbert E. Joyce Ivan W. Kuhl J /.1. a: }0 ~. tA/fll.LJand .41urn Aund7Pd ( i1.JJ c /Y'i With check from Class of '48: Judith B. Landau and Lem H. Graff. Vito P. Laglia Victor C. Lazarus William D. Loeser William M. Mcintosh Eugene J. Morhous John G. Robinson William J. Rogers. III Joseph E. Rutecki David J. Shaheen K. Joseph Sheedy Jacob M. Steinhart George Thorngate. IV Gilbert B. 1)rbring Charles E. Wiles Jane B. Wiles 1946 John G. Allen Charles D. Bauer Donato J . Carbone Alexander R. Cowper John T. Crissey Maier M. Driver Curzon C. Ferris. Jr. Lawrence H. Golden Edward F. Gudgel Ross Imburgia Annabel M. Irons Charles A. Joy Harold J . Levy Eugene M. Marks Maynard H. Mires. Jr. Harry Petzing Amo J. Piccoli Herbert S. Pirson Albert G . Rowe Henry M. Thrdif W. William Tornow Paul M. Walczak Myron E. Williams, Jr. 1947 Salvatore Aquilina Bruce D. Babcock J . Desmond Coughlin Daniel E. Curtin Robert J. Dean William S. Edgecomb Robert J. Ehrenreich Elbert Hubbard III Robert M. Jaeger Peter J. Julian Hans F. Kipping Jack Lippes Richard J. Marchand Hallie B. Mont Donald C. Nuwer James F. Phillips Philip L. Reitz Daniel J. Riordan Arthur J . Schaefer Robert L. Segal John B. Sheffer James F. Stagg Joseph C. Todaro Jerome I. Tokars John H. Waite Victor C. Welch Jr. Frederick D. Whiting 1948 James G. Borman Daniel J. Fahey William F. Gallivan. Jr. Joseph P. Gambacorta Raphael S. Good Myron Gordon Harold L. Graff Robert J. Hall Warren H. Hanson Warren L. Hollis Judith Liss Landau Ansel R. Martin Daniel G. Miller Norman Minde Darwin D. Moore Norman L. Paul Cletus J . Regan Thomas C. Regan Lester H. Schiff Charles Shore Edgar C. Smith Irwin Solomon Rebecca G. Solomon Edward R. Stone Wilbur S. Thrner Jasper L. Vanavery. Jr. Paul Weinberg S. Paul Zola BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 37 �• 1949 Frances R. Abel Carmela S. Armenia J. Bradley Aust Jr. Harold Bernhard Lawrence M. Carden Julia M. Cullen Joseph E. Griffin Irving R. Lang Jacqueline L. Paroski Frank A. Pfalzer. Jr. Robert D. Sanford Max A. Schneider Fred Shalwitz James D. Stuart James A. Werick Charles J. Wolfe 1950 Roland Anthone Sidney Anthone Lawrence D. Benken Robert E. Bergner George P. Bisgeier James J. Brandl Charles Brody Grace B. Busch Carl A. Cecilia Frank Chambers. Jr. James A. Curtin Adelmo P. Dunghe. Jr. Carmen D. Gelormini Robert N. Kling Richard J. Leberer Karl L. Manders Patricia A. Meyer Daniel F. Primeau Clarence E. Sanford Helen F. Sikorski Yale Solomon George E. Thylor Hyman Tetewsky Edward C. Voss. Jr. Gertrude L. Waite Anne A. Wasson Sidney Weinberg Eugene J. Zygaj 1951 Anthony C. Barone Jay B. Belsky Frank J. Bolgan Carl R. Conrad Leonard S. Danzig Harvey D. Davis James S. Ferguson William S. Glassman Allen L. Goldfarb Myron C. Greengold Eugene V. Leslie James V. Loverde Thomas J . Murphy John L. Musser Daniel A. Phillips Marvin J. Pleskow Robert E. Ploss Gerard E. Schultz Edward Shanbrom Bernard Smolens Eugene M. Teich James W. Weigel 1952 Donald J. Adams John J. Banas Robert A. Baumler 38 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN 1953 (ON FLOOR}: HERBERT W. SIMPKINS, BERTRAM A. PORTIN, JOHN N. STRACHAN, JAMES M. ORR. (2ND ROW}: JOSEPH F. RUH, STANLEY L. COHEN, DONALD L. EHRENREICH, HARLEY 0. UNOOUIST, RICHARD J. NAGEL, HOWARD C. SMITH, CURTIS P. JOHNSON, MICHAEL A. SULLIVAN. (3RO ROW}: JACOB B. SHAM· MASH, MILFORD C. MALONEY, RONALD F. GARVEY. RAYMOND M. SMITH, HERBERT E. LEE, JOHN W. HANDEL, HAROLD SMULYAN, JACK GOLO, DONALD 0. RACHOW, THOMAS E. COMERFORD, JAMES W. CARLIN, JAMES R. COLEMAN. Alvin J. Brown Bruce F. Connell Barbara G. Corley Donald F. Dohn Melvin B. Oyster Neal W. Fuhr Albert A. Gartner Jr. Joseph E. Genewich Donald J. Kelley Melvin R. Krohn Milton C. Lapp Colin C. MacLeod Earl W. oble Ralph M. Obler Victor A. Panaro John Y. Ranchoff Travers Robbins James . Schmitt Wilbur S. Schwartz Byron E. Sheesley S. Aaron Simpson Donald H. Sprecker Oliver J. Steiner Burton Stulberg James Irme Szabo S. Jefferson Underwood Kurt J . Wegner 1953 George G. Bertino James W. Carlin Stanley L. Cohen James R. Coleman Thomas Comerford. Jr. Felix A. Delerme Donald L. Ehrenreich Sander H. Fogel Ronald F. Garvey Jack Gold John W. Handel Curtis C. Johnson Herbert E. Lee Harley D. Lindquist Edmund A. Mackey Milford C. Maloney Robert E. Maynard Richard J . Nagel James M. Orr Bertram A. Partin Donald 0. Rachow Joseph F. Ruh Molly R. Seidenberg Jacob B. Shammash Herbert W. Simpkins Harold Smulyan John . Strachan Michael A. Sullivan Reinhold A. Ullrich Marvin Wadler 1954 Eugene L. Beltrami Joseph L. Campo icholas C. Carosella Louis C. Cloutier Robert D. Foley Byron A. Genner Ill Florence M. Hanson Edward W. Hohensee William J. Howard Eugene C. Hyzy Benjamin C. Jenkins William R. Kinkel Jacob Lemann. Jr. Allen L. Lesswing Lucille M. Lewandowski Sylvia G. Lizlovs Charles H. Marino Ernest H. Meese Donald J. Murray N. Allen Norman Walter A. Olszewski Robert J . Pletman Robert J. Powalski Edward A. Rayhill Stephen A. Spink Edwin B. Tomaka Marlyn W. Voss Paul L. Weinmann Alfred L. Weiss Donald M. Wilson 1955 Vincent S. Celestino James R. Collins Louis R. Conti Robert T. Dean. Jr. C. Daniel Fagerstrom Albert A. Franco James M. Garvey Frank J. Gazzo Michael J. Gianturco Cleora K. Handel Sami A. Hashim Kathryn M. Keicher John H. Kent Edward H. Kopf S. Joseph LaMancusa H. Alvin Leonhardt Winifred G. Mernan George L. Mye. Jr. John H. Peterson Dwight H. Porter, Jr. Leonard R. Schaer Anthony B. Schiavi Ray G. Schiferle, Jr. Robert A. Smith James G. Stengel Richard T. Suchinsky Barbara VonSchmidt David F. Weppner Eugene B. Whitney John A. Winter 1956 George J. Alker. Jr. John D. Bartels M. David Ben-Asher Robert B. Corretore Mark A. Denlinger Richard R. Gacek Edmond J. Gicewicz Peter F. Goergen, Jr. Frederick P. Goldstein Dennis P. Heimback John M. Hodson Oliver P. Jones. Sr. Joseph L. Kunz Fred Lee Sue A. McCutcheon Robert G. Mcintosh Frederick C. Nuessle Hugh F. O'Neill Erick Reeber �Alumni Presenting the 1963 check: (from left) Richard B. Narins, Harvey L. Liebeskind, John N. Stumpf, Anthony M. Foti and Frank V. DeLau_s_. -----~~ Daniel A. Rakowski Eugene P. Rivera Gerald L. Saks John A. Thyn 1961 Robert E. Reisman Paul C. Ronca Bernard H. Sklar 1957 Axel W. Anderson. III Paul L. Archambeau Arthur L. Beck Bronson M. Berghorn Germante Boncaldo John R. Bongiovanni Benny Celniker Marvin N. Eisenberg Gerald Friedman Myron Garsenstein Lorie A. Gulino Barbara H. Hetzer Harris H. Kane! Jerome P. Kassirer Charles E. Lowe Ross Markello Herbert Metsch Richard F. Miller Charles F. O'Connor Frederick Reichel Donald E. Schaffer Joseph I. Schultz Herbert Silver Robert B. Sussman Bernard D. Wakefield Edward J. Weisenheimer Sherman Waldman 1958 Elroy E. Anderson John V. Armenia Ronald E. Batt David A. Berkson Richard C. Boyle Melvin M. Brothman Ronald W. Byledbal Franklyn N. Campagna Gary N. Cohen Bernice T. Comfort Dominick Cultrara William F. Deverell Robert C. Dickson Frederick W. Dischinger Domonic F. Falsetti John J. Giardino William L. Glazier John F. Holcomb Hilliard Jason Leo A. Kane Marie L. Kunz Michael A. Mazza John P. Murphy Robert J. Perez Lucien A. Potenza Richard A. Rahner Jason A. Reder Richard Romanowski Samuel Shatkin Morton Spivack Alfred M. Stein Richard D. Wasson Reinhardt W. Wende Franklin Zeplowitz Harold B. Zimmerman Joseph A. Zizzi 1959 George R. Baeumler Mary Ann Z. Bishara William P. Blaisdell Robert J. Brennen Robert A. Brenner James R. Doyle Richard A. Falls Seymour D. Grauer Logan A. Griffin John W. Kostecki Jacob Krieger Joseph F. Monte Ju lius V. Rasinsk i, Jr. Elton M. Rock Russell C. Spoto Joel Bernstein Harold Brody Eugene A. Cimino Carlo E. DeSantis Allan S. Disraeli Kenneth H. Felch Richard C. Hatch William J. Hewett Norman E. Hornung Michael Madianos James R. Markello Saar A. Porrath Stephen D. Rader Roger A. Ronald Arthur T. Skarin Paul Stanger Ronald H. Usiak Robert E. Winters 1962 Charles G. Adams Martin Cowan Harold C. Domres. Jr. Jac k C. Fisher Anthony J . Floccare Joseph R. Gerbasi Joseph W. Hanss. Jr. John L. Kiley Arthur C. Klein Jerald P. Kuhn Gordon R. Lang Paul J. Loree Michael M. Madden Anthony P. Mar kello Philip D. Morey Robert G. Ney Alan L. Pohl Bernard Polatsch Melvin J. Steinhart 1963 Lee N. Baumel David S. Berger Max M. Hermann James R. Blake David T. Carboy Frank E. Ehrlich Ernest A. Fatta Anthony M. Foti Anita J. Herbert William C. Heyden John J . Lamar. Jr. Paul A. Lessler Albert J. Maggioli David N. Mali nov Richard B. Narins Ronald G. Nathan Thomas J. Reagan John A. Repicci Henry A. Scheuermann Lawrence J. Sobocinski Robert B. Spielman John N. Stumpf Eugene M. Sullivan. Jr. Charles S. Tirone Joseph C. Thtton John M. Wadsworth 1964 Bela F. Ballo Walter A. Ceranski Paul Cherkasky Gregory L. Farry Michael Feinstein Anthony V. Ferrari William A. Fleming. Jr. George R. Glowacki Michael Goldhamer Gerald B. Goldstein Walter D. Hoffman David A. Leff Marilyn A. Lockwood Ronald S . Mukamal Lillian V. Ney David E. Pittman John F. Reilly, Jr. Sheldon Rothfleisch William Salton Stephen C. Scheiber Irving Sterman David J. Weinstein Richard E. Wolin David C. Ziegler 1960 William E. Abramson Joseph G. Antkowia k Robert Bernat Theodore S. Bistany Joseph A. Chazen D. Jackson Coleman Roger S. Dayer Gerard Diesfield Edward J. Graber Thomas J. Guttuso Donald A. Hammel James R. Kanski , Jr. Harris M. Kenner Francis J. Kloc ke Edwin R. Lamm Harry L. Metcalf Harry H. Nakata 1963 (SEATED): JASON E. RUDISILL, JOHN J. LaMAR, RICHARD B. NARINS, HARVEY LIEBESKINO, AN· THONY M. FOTI, FRANK V. OeLAUS, ROBERT B. SPIELMAN, OAV/0 N. MAL/NOV. (STANDING): EUGENE M. SULLIVAN, ANITA J. HERBERT, JOHN M. WADSWORTH, STEPHEN JOYCE, JOHN N. STUMPF, WILLIAM HEYDEN, GEORGE HOGBEN, LAWRENCE J. SOBOCINSKI, JOSEPH TUTTON, JOHN REP/CCI, JOHN FANELLI, THOMAS REAGAN, ALBERT MAGGIOLI. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 39 �1965 William H. Adler. Ill John J. Bird William C. Bucher, Jr. Lance Fogan Jerald Giller Anthony V. Grisanti Ira Hinden Gary H. Jeffery David 0. Lincoln Calvin Marantz Arthur M. Morris Robert N. Schnitzler Robert W. Schultz Joel Steckelman Donald J. Waldowski W. Scott Walls, Ill Benjamin J. Wherley J A )I. t1 1968 (LEFT 1IJ RIGHT) (1ST ROW): THOMAS J. CUMBO, SARAH G. SIRKIN, ROBERT MILCH LESBIA F. SMITH (2NO ROW): BRIAN JOSEPH, LAWRENCE DOBMEIER, JULIAN KARELITZ ALBERT BIGLAN ELMO KOLODNY (not pictured). ' ' 1966 Sean R. Althaus Louis J. Antonucci Jared C. Barlow Robert Barone Thomas W. Bradley Douglas C. Fiero C. Wayne Fisgus Melvin Fox Howard Friedman Edwin H. Jenis Melvyn B. Lewis Jeffrey E. Lindenbaum Joseph F. Martinak James J. Moran John J. O'Connor Donald M. Pachuta Edward J. Reich Helmut G. Schrott Roger W. Seibel Anthony B. Serfustini William L. Sperling John E. Spoor 1967 Robert M. Benson Richard H. Daffner David R. Dantzker Barry M. Epstein Russell R. Fiore Douglas D. Gerstein John W. Gibbs. Jr. Leon Hoffman Liberato Iannone Murray C. Kaplan John P. Kelly JacobS. Kriteman Allwyn J. Levine Anthony J. Logalbo John P. Menchini Donald E. Miller Laird C. Quenzler William C. Rader Steven E. Rinner J. Brian Sheedy Thomas P. Sheehan Arthur C. Sosis Franklin H. Spirn GeorgeS. Starr Linda Young Richard Young 1968 Lawrence D. Baker William E. Clack Geoffrey E. Clark Marc N. Coel 40 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Gary H. Cramer Thomas J. Cumbo Geraldine F. DePaula Lawrence J. Dobmeier Stephen A. Edelstein Ronald J. Friedman Bruce H. Gesson Kenneth L. Jewel Richard F. Kaine Milton P. Kaplan Z. Micah Kaplan Gary D. Karch Julian R. Karelitz David Kramer Raymond A. Martin Kenneth W. Matasar Robert A. Milch Jonathan C. Reynhout Robert D. Rodner Barbara Blase Sayres John E. Shields, Jr. Lesbia F. Smith Morris J. Stambler Richard M. Stamile Jeffrey Stoff Charles P. Yablonsky 1969 Joel B. Bowers James L. Cavalieri, II Lang M. Dayton Arthur L. Deangelis Robert J. Gibson David F. Hayes Louis Hevizy Hanley M. Horwitz Russell G. Knapp, Jr. Daniel B. Levin William K. Major, Jr. Richard T. Milazzo. Jr. James A. Patterson Douglas L. Roberts Warren Rothman Thomas S. Scanlon Robert S. Shaps Lester S. Sielski Ronald F. 1htler Harvey I. Weinberg Madeline J. White 1970 Ronald H. Blum Donald P. Copley Allen Davidoff Charles A. Fischbein Ellen R. Fischbein Roger A. Forden George D. Goldberg Arthur R. Goshin Dennis J. Krauss Michael L. Lippmann Bruce H. Littman Russell P. Massaro Bruce M. Prenner Jeffrey S. Ross Arthur M. Seigel Shafic Y 1Wal Robert M. Ungerer Harold M. Vandersea Allan S. Wirtzer 1971 Michael B. Baron Gerald M. Beresny Manny E. Christakos Kenneth J. Clark, Jr. Terence M. Clark Eric M. Dail Sigmund S. Gould Harvey Greenberg Mark S. Handler David E. Hoffman Scott D. Kirsch Douglas W. Klotch Stanley B. Lewin Martin N. Mango Donald H. Marcus Denis G. Mazeika Paul M. Ness Robert W. Palmer Joel H. Paull David W. Potts Kenneth Solomon Richard I. Staiman William C. Sternfeld Dale A. Vanslooten Ilja J. Weinrieb John M. Wendell Bennett G. Zier 1972 Richard A. Berkson Harold B. Bob Martin Brecher Robert A. Cooper John J. Dalessandro Patricia K. Duffner Robert Einhorn Ian M. Frankfort Michael Gordon Dennis R. Gross Linda A. Kamm John W. Kraus Robert B. Kroopnick Paul S. Kruger Alan I. Mandelberg Ira L. Mintzer Philip C. Moudy Dennis L. Natale Lawrence S. Pohl Kenneth C. Rickler Steven J. Rosansky Stuart Rubin Stuart R. Thledano 1973 William J. Ackerman William S. Bikoff �Alumni (From left, across the page) With the 1938 gift: Charles F. Becker (left) and James Brennan; Class of 1968 (from left): Albert Big/an, Julian Karelitz, Lesbia F. Smith and Robert Milch; Class of 1953 (from left): Michael A. Sullivan, Donald L. Ehrenreich and Milford C. Maloney. ~~~~~----~~~ Yung C. Chan Jeremy Cole Robert G. Fugitt Ke n neth L. Gayles Joseph M. Greco Mich ael A. Haber man Ra lph R. Ha llac Jeffrey P. Her man Frederic M. Hirsh Bruce R. Javors Paul Kuritzky Sharon Kuritzky Dana P. Launer James S. Marks Daniel J. McMahon Steven J . Morris Arth ur W. Mruczek Joseph M. Mylotte Patrick L. O'Connor Garsutis K. Palys Robert L. Penn Ira H. Pores John E. Przylucki Jacob D. Rozbr uch Jon P. Rubach Barry Sanders Mark N. Scheinberg Arnold W. Scherz Roger M. Simon Lynda Y. Sorrenti Young Dennis E. Stempien Gary J. Wilcox Charles E. Wiles. III Jonathan Wise 1173 (LEFT 1lJ RIGHT) (ON FLOOR): THOMAS D. WASSER, JOSEPH MYLOTTE, LAWRENCE ZEMEL, CHARLES McALLISTER, MICHAEL SANSONE, THOMAS E. GILLETTE, PATRICK L. O'CONNOR. (2ND ROW): DOUGLAS L. KIBLER, MARK N. SCHEINBERG, THOMAS A. LOMBARDO, TIMOTHY NOSTRANT, BARRY SANDERS, PAUL KUR/TZKY, SHARON KURITZKY, LINDA YOUNG, JOSEPH M. GRECO. (3RD ROW): JOHN PRZYLUCKI, AR· THUR C. SGALIA, ISRAEL JACOBDWin, ROBERT PENN, ROBERTS. LAMANTIA, RALPH R. HALLAC, JONATHON WISE, JACOB ROZBRUCH, DANIEL C. WISTRAN. (4TH ROW): DANIEL McMAHON, ROBERT FUGITT, ARTHUR MRUCZEK. 1974 Daniel R. Beckman R.J. Buckley, Jr. James L. Budny E laine M. Bukowski _,------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------_J BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 41 �PUERTO Alan G. Burstein John H. Clark Alva Dillon Jr. Thomas A. Donahue Jockular B. Ford Donald R. Greene David W. Leflke Joseph P. Lemmer Hing-Har Lo John P. Manzella Isaiah Meggett Bruce F. Middendorf Lawrence A. Oufiero Sanford R. Pleskow Dominick R. Prato John C. Rowlingson Elliott A. Schulman Roy E. Seibel, Jr. James A. Smith Louise M. Stomierowski Reginald M. Sutton Paul H. Wierzbieniec Stuart A. Wolman 1975 John Asheld. Jr. David Bendich James Burdick Coley Cassiano William I. Cohen Marguerite Dynski Robert E. Fenzl Tone Johnson Lillian Y. Li Charles Natalizio William G. Novak Thomas Rosenthal Michael Rowland Stephen W. Sadow Sylvia Regalia Spavento · Stanley J. Szefler Paul Thautman 1976 Henry Bartkowski Stephen Bien Michael Bye David A. Dellaporta Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt Timothy Gabryel Shin Liong Ronald Marconi Walwin Metzger Erwin Montgomery. Jr. Melvin Pohl Dennis R. Pyszcznski David Sokal Michael Thmul Bernard M. Wagman John Wiles 1977 Elaine S. Chirlin Avery Ellis Nedra Harrison Michael S. Kressner Alan S. Kuritzky Bess I. Miller Jeffrey A. Mogerman Mark J. Polis Theodore C. Prentice Thomas A. Raab Carl J. Schmitt Jeffrey P. Seltzer Janet C. Shalwitz Richard P. Singer Reginald B. Stiles R.J. Vancoevering II Ronald A. Vidal $849 per person double occupancy VALLARTA FEBRUARY 13·20 1984 BUFFALO, N.Y. DEPARTURE YOUR SEMINAR TRIP INCLUDES 1978 Nathaniel A. Barber Stephen E. Killian Kevin N. O'Gorman Paul A. Paroski Joel J. Reich John P. Scanlon I 1 I 1979 Robin H. Adair Walter A. Balon Joel M. Bernstein Bernice J. Blumenreich 'Terence L. Chorba Nancy G. Dvorak Frederick A. Eames Juanita A. Evereteze N. Joseph Gagliardi Eleonore R. Gaines Andrea S. Gold Margaret J . Graf Paul A. Koenig John M. LaMancuso Ramon J. Pabalan Bruce D. Rodgers Robert J. Rose Daniel H. Saltzman David D. Stahl 1980 Wesley Blank Barry Clark Joel Gedan Mark Gilbert Lloyd D. Simon Ellen Tedaldi 1 I 1 1 1 1 1981 Barry Feldman Edith Geringer Jonathan Gewirtz Martin Hoff Thdd Jacobson Robert A. Jakubowski Michael T. Ross Daniel Schaefer Howard Sklarek David Small Richard A. Smith Roberta Szcurek 1982 Richard Corbelli 1 • Round-tnp scheduled a1rl1ne transportation between Buffalo. NY and Puerto Vallarta. Mex1co All Registration Fees for Category I Medical Seminar Luxunous hotel accommodations for 7 n1ghts at the lovely Holiday Inn Hotel and Beach Resort The Hol1day Inn Hotel offers Restaurant and snack bar 1 Cocktail ounge and pools1de bar Meenng and banquet faCJ 1t1es for 200 persons 1 Water spor s from the hotel's own beach 1nclud1ng Ski· 1ng. parachute ndes. deep sea f·sh1ng. and sa11ing 1 All rooms a1r conditioned Complimentary beach towels and cha1se 'ounges Welcome cocktail party w1th hot and cold hors d'oeuvres and open bar Amencan breakfast daily Welcome rum punch upon arr•val at hotel All tax and serv1ce charges 1nclud1ng gratu1t1es for wa1ters and all 1ncluded meals Round tnp transfers between the a1rport and the hotel. •nclud1ng bag gage handl1ng Hosp1tal1ty desk at the hotel Opt onal Departure Cttle\ avatrable up n Reque' t For further Information call or write: (716) 831-2778 Medical Alumni Assoc . SUNY At Buffalo 139 Cary Hall 3435 M ain Street Buffalo, N .Y. 14214 CATEGORY I UNDER THE SUN 42 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �1925 MARGARET LODER HOGBEN, M'25 • was the recipient of the Americanism Award of Rye Post No. 128, American Legion. The award was given for outstanding services to the community. Dr. Hogben, former director of pathology at the United Hospital. Port Chester. New York. was a pioneer in many medical innovations, including the creation of one of the first blood banks in the country. She is one of the first women members of Alpha Omega Alpha. the national honor medical society. Among her many recognitions is her election as the first woman president of the Westchester County Medical Society. Dr. Hogben is now a resident of the Osborn Memorial Home in Rye where she is active in many of their activities. Her son. Dr. George Loder Hogben, M'63, is a practicing psychiatrist in Rye. New York. 1941 CARL J. GRAF, M'41 • recently retired from private practice in neurological surgery and is now living in Sea Island. Georgia. 1944 JOSEPH P. CONCANNON, M'44 • reports that he retired as director of radiation oncology and the Radiation Oncology Research Center of Allegheny General Hospital and is now in private practice with headquarters at the Medical Center of Bearri County. Pennsylvania. Dr. Concannon has published over 100 papers and abstracts. He is a Fellow of the New York Academy of Science and a Fellow, Faculty of Radiologists. Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland. 1947 CHARLES E. STAUDT, M'47 • is in private practice in Canton. Ohio. Dr. Staudt is a member of the Stark County Medical Society and the Ohio State Medical Association. 1948 GEORGE L. COLLINS, JR. , a Buffalo internist. has been elected to a three-year term on the Board of 11-ustees of the American Medical Association. The election was held during the Annual Meeting of the AMA House of Delegates in Chicago in June. Records indicate he is the first AMA 11-ustee to come from Buffalo since the AM A's founding in 1847. The 15-memberBoardof 11-ustees is the executive body Classnotes of the AMA. Dr. Collins. chief of cardiology at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, has been in private practice for more than 30 years. He received his B.S. from Yale University and his M.D. from UB. He is a member of the American Society of Internal Medicine. Dr. Collins is presently chairman of the Board ofTI-ustees of the Medical Society of the State of New York. He is also a pastpresident of the State Medical Society and of the Medical Society of the County of Erie and is a former chairman of the MSSNY Judicial Council, its Investment Committee, and the society-sponsored New York Medical Political Action Committee. He was also a founding member/director of the physician-owned Medical Liability Mutual Insurance Company. From 1979 to 1982. Dr. Collins was a member of the AMA Council on Constitution and By-laws. He has been a delegate or alternate delegate to the AMA for the past 12 years and was chairman of the New York delegation from 1977 to 1981. Among his many other affilmtions, Dr. Collins is a director of the Buffalo Sabres and a trustee of the State University of New York. which, with almost 400.000 students. is the largest system of higher learning in the country. 1959 MARY ANN ZAVISCA BISHARA, M'59 • has been elected to the boards of directors of the Niagara Chapter of the American Red Cross and Hospice of Nmgara. Dr. Bishara is currently serving as president of the Niagara County Medical Society. 1960 WILLIAM E. ABRAMSON, M'&O • has a private practice in psychiatry and is director of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Program of Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital. Towson. Maryland. The program has received the 1983 Distinguished Service Award from the Maryland Drug Abuse Administration. 1961 JOEL BERNSTEIN, M'61 • was one of eight international otologists invited to speak at the Symposium on Middle Ear Effusions held in Lake Lugano. Switzerland. In April Dr. Bernstein was a visiting professor at the Or. George L. Collins, Jr. University of Ghent. Belgium. where he delivered two lectures. Dr. Bernstein recently chaired a workshop on ENT Diseases and the Allergic Child. American Academy of Allergy and Immunology in Hollywood , Florida. 1964 FRANKLYN G. KNOX , M'64 • has been appointed director for education and dean of the Mayo Medical School. Rochester. Minnesota. Dr. Knox has been chairman of the Departments of Psychology and Biophysics there since 1974. The author of numerous papers. Dr. Knox has focused his research on the function of the kidney. He is a member of the Council of the American Physiological Society, chairman of the Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Di- sease of the American Heart Association. and chairman of the Grants Committee of the National Kidney Foundation. 1966 SEAN R. ALTHAUS, M'66 • has been elected president of the House Ear Institute Alumni Fellowship Group for 1983. He co-authored an article entitled "Some Observations on the Localizing Significance of Ear Dependent Positional Nystagmus" which appeared in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery in February. Dr. Althaus also presented with several other physicians a paper on "Middle Fossa Surgery" at the spring meeting of the American Neurology Society in New Orleans in April. Dr. Althaus lives in Danville, California. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 43 �Classnotes 1966 ROBERT M. BARONE, M'66 • is an associate clinical professor of surgery at the University of California. San Diego. Dr. Barone was awarded an NCI grant for studying the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. The University of California School of Medicine is one of five study participant institutions in what is known as the Hepatic Thmor Study Group. This is the first cooperative study funded to investigate the effects of intraarterial chemotherapy using a totally implanted system. MICHAEL I. WEINTRAUB, M'66 • was recently promoted to the rank of clinical professor of neurology at New York Medical College. In April his book was released: Hysterical Conversion Reactions: A clinical guide to diagnosis and treatment. This monograph represents the first volume in the new neurology series: Neurologic Illness: Diagnosis and Treatment. In April. Dr. Weintraub appeared on the "Today Show." discussing with Betty Furness adverse medical complications of over-the-counter dietary drugs. 1968 SANFORD LEFF, M'68 • is chief of cardiology at the Interfaith Medical Center. Brooklyn. New York. 1972 GEORGE KOTLEWSKI, M'72 • is director of cardiodiagnostic services at Los Altos Hospital. Long Beach. California, and a member of the staff at the Long Beach Community Hospital. MARC LEKNER, M'72 • has returned to southern California to become co-director of the Orange County Neonatology Medical Group. Incorporated . STEVEN JAY ROSANSKY, M'72 • , a specialist in nephrology. was recently promoted to associate professor at the University of South Carolina. Dr. Rosansky has been recommended for direct fellowship to the American College of Physicians. He is currently the president of the South Carolina Chapter of Physicians for Social Responsibility. STUART RUBIN , M'72 , IAN M. FRANKFORT, M'72, and DANIEL J. McMAHON, M'73 • have opened their new Family Practice Office at 74 7 Hopkins Road, Williamsville. New York. STUART R. TOLEDANO, M'72 • , assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Miami School of Medicine. has been appointed director of the Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology there. ERIC J. RUSSELL, M'74 • is in private practice in neuroradiology in Chicago. Illinois. Dr. Russell has an article in the July issue of JAMA on "Research in Interventional Neuroradiology." In June he presented papers at meetings of the American Society ofNeuroradiology and the American Society of'Head and Neck Radiology. Dr. Russell announces the birth of his daughter, Gabrielle Robin. on September 30, 1982. 1975 TONE JOHNSON, JR., M'75 • , a specialist in family practice. has been appointed chief medical officer, ambulatory care, at the Audie L. Murphy Veterans Administration Medical Center. 1976 HENRY M. BARTKOWSKI, M'76 • assistant professor at the University of California. San Francisco, has been promoted to acting chief of neurosurgery at San Francisco General Hospital. He has presented original research papers on "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Brain Edema" at national and international neurosurgical and neuroscience meetings. 1974 JOHN P. MANZELLA, M74 • has been elected to Fellowship in the American College of Physicians. Dr. Manzella. a specialist in infectious diseases. is on the staff of the York Hospital, York. Pennsylvania. and is a consultant at the Veterans Administration Hospital, University of Maryland. DENNIS R. PYSZCZYNSKI, M'76 • just completed a two-year postdoctoral fellowship in the Physiology Department. SUNYAB School of Medicine. and has taken a position in the pulmonary section of the Department of Medicine at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. School of Medicine. 1977 MARK POLIS, M'77 • has completed his training at New York University Medical Center and is in private practice in urology and male infertility in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. JEFFREY K. SEITELMAN, M'77 • is board certified in adult psychiatry and has just completed an advanced fellowship in administrative child psychiatry. Dr. Seitelman has started a practice in child, adolescent and adult psychiatry in Long Beach. California. 1979 PETER CONDRO, JR., M'79 • has finished a three-year internal medicine residency and a oneyear chief residency in medicine at the University of Maryland Hospital in Baltimore. Dr. Condro moved to Philadelphia in June to begin a nephrology fellowship at Temple University Hospital. 1980 LLOYD SIMON, M'BO • writes that he has just finished a residency in internal medicine at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in Worcester, and is moving to Southold on eastern Long Island to open a solo practice in general internal medicine. STEPHEN BENHAM, M'BO • has recently completed three years residency in family practice at East Tennessee State University. Dr. Benham will be opening a solo practice in Sidney, New York. in August. Calendar PARENTS WEEKEND • October 8-9. Watch for details. NATIONAL DAIRY COUNCIL NUTRITION PROGRAM • Wednesday, November 30, and Thursday. December l. Featuring Dr. Noel Solomons, associate professor of clinical nutrition at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. UB is one of about 20 medical schools in the U.S. selected to participate in this National Dairy Council program which aims to enhance the present level of nutrition knowledge among physicians, medical students and other health professionals. The program is designed to 44 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN create greater awareness of nutrition's role in clinical medicine and in health care and disease. Dr. Solomons will discuss "Assessment of TI-ace Mineral Nutriture" at University Citywide Medical Grand Rounds at 8 a .m .. November 30 at Roswell Park Memorial Institute's Hilleboe Auditorium. Following the Grand Rounds. he will join the Medical Morning Report Group at Buffalo General Hospital for discussion. After lunch. Dr. Solomons will address third-year medical students enrolled in the selective course "Nutrition Awareness: A Lifetime Interest" and will par- ticipate in several workshops including one on trace minerals. At 3:30p.m. he will present a lecture on "Zinc Absorption and Metabolism" at a location to be determined. On December 1, Dr. Solomons and UB's Dr. Pearay L. Ogra will discuss nutrition and i nfection/i m m uno logical response - time and place to be announced. FLEXIBLE FIBEROPTIC SIGMOIDO· SCOPY • November 12, 1983. Marriott Inn. Lectures and instruction in use of the instrumentation. Sponsored by Continuing Medical Education, UB, and the Pentax Corp. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE INTER· URBAN SPINAL CORD ASSOCIATION • Thursday and Friday. September 22-23, 1983. Grand Island Holiday Inn. Thpics will include recent advances in diagnosis. treatment and management of spinal cord injuries. Among featured speakers will be Dr. Alain B. Rossier, a paraplegic and internationallyknown specialist in spinal cord injury from Harvar.d University and West Roxbury (Mass.) Veterans Administration Medical Center; and Dr. Chandler A. Phillips, a Wayne State University physician on the team which has done pioneering work on computerized control �Calendar of movement in paralyzed patients. Others on the program include Dr. George J. Alker, Jr.. acting chairman of US's Department of Radiology; Rochester's Dr. Charles J. Gibson; Dr. Edward A. Stehlik of UB and Erie County Medical Center's Spinal Cord Injury Unit; and Dr. Robert E. Cooke, medical director of Buffalo's Robert Warner Rehabilitation Center. Specialty meetings for physicians, rehabilitation nurses. physical and occupational therapists and counselors will be held at 2 p.m., Sept. 22. Members of the Inter-Urban Spinal Cord Association include physicians and other health and social service professionals from Buffalo, Rochester. Syracuse; and Kingston, Ottawa, Thronto, Hamilton and London. Ontario. Patients and their families are invited to attend the Friday sessions at a reduced registration fee. Registration is $50 for health professionals. For further information, contact the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, ECMC. 462 Grider St., Buffalo 14215. TASTE AND SMELL IN DISEASE • Dr. Susan S. Schiffman, a medical psychologist fom Duke University. will give a presentation on "Th.ste and Smell in Disease," sponsored by Tops Friendly Markets and US's Multidisciplinary Graduate Group in Nutritional Science. Late September. Details to be announced. DR. MITCHEll I. RUBIN DAY • Friday, October 7, 1983. Kinch Auditorium, Children's Hospital (scientific session) and Buffalo Marriott Inn (reception and din- ner). This event will honor the multiple local and international contributions of Mitchell I. Rubin, M.D.. to the teaching. practice and science of pediatrics. All colleagues, former students and friends are invited to attend both the scientific session during the day and the evening events at the Marriott. Please call or write: Mrs. Debbie Licata. Medical Staff Office, Children's Hospital. 219 Bryant Street. Buffalo, N.Y. 14222 (716-878-7406) for information and reservations. ONCOLOGY SEMINAR SERIES • "Metastasis." October 4-6, 1983. Chairperson, Dr. Leonard Weiss. "Molecular Events in Differentiation and Neoplasia." November 10, 1983. Chairperson: Dr. Timothy O'Connor. "Update in Neurological Oncology." · December 8. 1983. Chairper- son: Dr. Charles West. All programs in the series are held at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. A fee of $45 is charged for physicians for each seminar. Residents are assessed $15 and there is no fee for students. Contact: Gayle Bersani. cancer control coordinator. (716) 845-4406. Co-sponsors with Roswell Park are the American Cancer Society. New York State Division and Erie County unit. These seminars qualify for Category I credit toward the A.M.A. Physician's Recognition Award. prescribed credit by the American Academy of Family Physicians. and Category 2-D credit by the American Osteopathic Association. ------------------------------------------------------------------- III Ill BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. POSTAGE WI LL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 LET US HEAR FROM YOU Fill out this card (Please print or type all entries) Name _________________________________________________ Year MD Received ___________ Office Address - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - HomeAddress _______________________________________________________________________ If not UB, MD received from - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - In Private Practice: Yes No In Academic Medicine: Yes l J No [", Specialty Part Time ;- Fu ll Time r School Title ___________________________________ Other: Medical Society Memberships: NEWS: Have you changed positions, publ ished , been involved in civic acti vities, had honors bestowed , etc.? _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ Please send copies of any publications, research or other orig inal work . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, September 1983 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. 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Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1983 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e839625ccc26424967f66a3330145629.pdf 59f49f28bdab1dcca12f5bd92a2b1323 PDF Text Text l J v �The School of Medicine and its departments together with the other units of the University at Buffalo were asked to review their research programs and to develop a research plan by President Steven B. Sample in late 1982. I am pleased to report that this review indicated that the multiple basic science and clinical science units which comprise the School of Medicine at Buffalo are either participating at an appropriate level in the biomedical research enterprise or are developing the research programs needed for a viable academic enterprise. More importantly, the faculty committee which coordinated the school's report recommended the formation of an organization for medical school investigators and the conduct of an annual research day. Both of these recommendations have been accepted. The school's first annual research day was held on May 27, 1983 in the Ellicott Complex on the Amherst Camp~s.. The re_sult was an exhilarating experience part1c1pated m by over 300 faculty, technicians, and graduate students. It brought together investigators who otherwise would have been uninformed about large amounts of significant work being conducted throughout the institution and it stimulated an awareness of the overall cohesiveness that can and does exist even in an institution as complex as a school of medicine. From my own personal perspective, the research day served to demonstrate the commitment and vitality of our faculty and to o?ce again demonstrate our capacities as a faculty m relationship to the other medical school faculti~s dispersed throughout the United States. Dr. Alastair Brownie and his committee established a fast pace which will be difficult to match with each succeeding year's meeting.• - John Naughton, M.D. �Contents BUFFALO 3 Anatomy • This most basic of the basic sciences, celebrated in medical student lore, is rapidly changing. Where anatomists once lurked in dark rooms, cutting up bodies, today they strain at the boundaries of the discipline, pushing toward cell and molecular biology and biochemistry. 8 Diet • The latest studies in Social and Preventive Medicine indicate that no nutritional regimen can yet be said to prevent malignancies. 9 Alzheimer's Disease • World-wide research is making inroads into unraveling the causes of this disease which leaves its victims "nonpersons." But a UB researcher cautions that not every confused elderly patient is suffering from irreversible senile dementia. PHYSICIAN STAFF Executive Editor, University Publications Robert T. Marlett Art Director Rebecca Bernstein Health Sciences Editor Mary Beth Spina Photography Francis Specker Ed Nowak ADVISORY BOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. Harold Brody Dr. James Kanski Mr. Daniel Newcomb Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. Charles Paganelli Dr. Peter Regan Mr. James Smigelski Mr. James N. Snyder Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan Jr. Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Or. Maggie Wright TEACHING HOSPITALS The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center 13 Our Children in the Nuclear Age • Buffalo pediatrician Dr. Thomas Bumbalo cautions that the Nuclear Age with its promises of better health care also threatens those to whom it promises the good life. 16 Research Briefs • Local researchers conduct important work on artificial hearts. Roswell scientists test new brain cancer therapy. Electrical device promotes bone healing. New drug therapy promises help for Parkinson's victims. Five-year study assesses management of asthma. Hangovers may help prevent alcoholism. 21 22 Students • Low humor and high spirits at the Medical School Follies. 26 People • Dr. Robert Cooke, who created the Head Start Program, now runs the Children's Hospital Rehabilitation Center. Husband-wife team receives major grants. 29 30 Alumni • Alumni Association honors Class of 1983 at the AlbrightKnox. 33 Page 27: Drs. Claire M. Fraser and J. Craig Venter Medical School News • Sociologist asks 1983 grads to consider whether the benefits of transplants and dialysis outweigh the drawbacks. 154 students receive degrees. New institute seeks ideas for health devices. Spring Clinical Day • Coronary disease expert identifies smoking as the No. 1 threat to the heart. Commercialization and feminization seen ahead for medical practice. Class notes • Class of 1923 holds an unofficial reunion. Dr. Lynn Eckhert juggles several careers. News of the classes. Deaths. Page 22: Dr. Thomas Flanagan at Commencement Produced by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry A. Jackson, director, in association with the School of Medicine. State University of New York at Buffalo About our Cover: Muscle study by Andreas Vesalius from De Humani Corporis Fabrica, 1543, contrasts with modern microscopic studies of cell shapes in the Department of Anatomical Sciences. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, (USPS 551·860) July 1983- Volume 17, Number 2 published five times annually: February, May, July, September, December _ by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York . POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSI· ClAN, 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. ��Anatomy This most basic science is classic and traditional, yet rapidly changing A natomy is where Medicine begins, literally and figuratively. On its mastery rests the entire house of clinical knowledge and over its weighty books, challenging dissections and microscopic examinations, freshman medical students spend long and demanding hours as they start the journey toward the M.D. This most basic of the sciences is celebrated in medical student lore and its texts are among the masterpieces of medicine. Many a physician has a story to tell about his or her first encounters with a cadaver in gross anatomy, and the medical library without a dog-eared copy of Gray's Anatomy is rare. The field is classic and traditional, yet rapidly changing. Where anatomists once were stereotyped as lurking in dark rooms, obsessed by bone and muscle, today's anatomical studies at UB may involve use of sophisticated electron microscopy; tracking sloths through Central America's forest canopy; probing examinations of the structure of heart cells; investigations "on location" at Woods Hole of the reproductive system and cellular mechanisms of sea urchins; using huge "flying foxes" or smaller bats to understand the mechanics of mastication or retinal projection in man; or examining the effects upon the nervous system of aging or chronic alcoholism . The study of "Anatomy has changed," notes Dr. Barry Eckert, a member of the Department of Anatomical Sciences faculty here and director of its electron microscopy program. "The image of the anatomist has changed. He doesn't just sit around cutting up bodies. He (or she) is straining at the boundaries of the discipline, pushing toward cell and molecular biology and biochemistry." Dr. Harold Brody, chairman of the department, which is located on the third floor and basement levels of Farber/Sherman/Cary, agrees. His department has changed and is changing. While the heavy teaching typical of Anatomy faculty in health school settings remains, instruction has been streamlined with a view toward dividing (Large photo) Sea urchins are used in studies of fertilization and cell surface proteins. (Inset) Dr. Harold Brody, Anatomical Sciences chairman, has conducted long-term studies of the effeet of aging on the human brain. PHOTOS: FRANCIS SPECKER I!UFFALO PHYSICIAN • 3 �classroom and laboratory work more equitably. It has been traditional at Buffalo, that classes in Anatomy are scheduled six days a w~ek du.ri~g the fall semester. This year, Saturday classes will be ehmmated but this will not result in any decrease in faculty contact time. That this is considerable is a'ttested to by the fact that (for the faculty teaching Medical, Dental and Graduate students) gross anatomy contact time amounts to 22.5 hours a week while in histology/embryology there are 18 contact hours weekly. A unique feature of the Buffalo curriculum is the opportunity for students to take histology and embryolo~y during the summer before their first fall semester. This offering, directed by Dr. E. Russell Hayes, permits a student to lighten the fall semester program or to take elective courses not possible in the usual crowded schedule. The fourth Anatomy core course required of first year students is neuroanatomy, offered during the second semester of the first year. Gross anatomy and histology provide an understanding of structure from that which may be seen by the naked eye to ultrastructural features observed with the aid of the electron microscope. Embryology adds an understanding of how organ systems develop normally ~nd .the ~evelopmental basis for malformations due to genetics, mfect10n or trauma, while neuroanatomy concentrates on an in-depth study of the structure and function of the central nervous system and an understanding of how this information can be used to determine specific sites of injury in the clinical patient. W hile these courses are traditional (especially so in the case of gross anatomy) in preparing the student for a career in medical practice, they are not static in their presentation. The University of Buffalo in the late 1950's was anationally recognized center for discussion and implement~­ tion of medical school curricular changes and some of this same attitude prevails today. A major recent change in gross anatomy teaching involved the introduction of a tea11_1 approach to dissection ..1\v~- pers?n teams work on a rotatiOn~! basis, presenting their dissections to other students at their table, using X-rays, chalk boards etc. to explain their work. This presentation method is similar t~ that expecte~ of students in the clinical setting of the third year of medical school. Faculty members also prepare dissections themselves for class instruction. This new approach requires a more aggressive brand of teaching and a considerable faculty effort to develop course material, rather tha.n having faculty acting merely as ~esourc~ pe.rsons ~~ the laboratory. That this method of mstruct10n IS effective .. at least by student evaluation, was demonstrated by the h1gh rating awarded to this course in the Fall semester of the 1982-83 year. It is in the teaching of histology that some of the more pectacular changes have occurred in Anatomy. This science ~f the microscopic study of normal cells an? tissu~s was for a long time limited to the technology of the hght miCroscope. 4 e BUFFALO PHYSICIAN With the coming of electron microscopy, however, literally a new world has been opened to the· professional histologist and students. Students are still expected to be familiar with the normal structure of cells, tissues and organs as demonstrated by a number of different staining techniques, but they are also now introduced to transmission electron microscopy in which the ultrastructure of the cell may be examined, to scanning electron microscopy for examination of cell surfaces and to freeze fracture preparations in order to demonstrate membrane structure in tissues. Familiarity with each of these methods naturally adds to the work/study load of the student, but knowledge of the results of such ~echnological ad~ances is essential if the future physician IS to keep step With a changing medical and scientific enviro?ment. The ~i~tolo~y course will also include problem sol~mg opportumties this year. Using analytical skills learned m the laboratory and a knowledge of normal microscopic ~natomy, stu~ents will be asked to identify changes in tissues. that arise as a result of certain pathologic conditions. A. special honors program will also be initiated this year in histology and embryology. The latter course is offered as a le~ture course in the normal development of organ systems with frequent reference to developmental anomalies. Histology and embryology are taught by the same faculty and are coordinated by Dr. John Cotter. In neuroanatomy, US was one of the first medical schools in this .country to shift from microscopic slides of the human br~m stem to 2 x 2 slides which may be viewed by students With a carousel projector. This has permitted ~tu?e.nts to form themselves into study teams of five to six mdividuals and has been a stimulus for exchange of information am.ong stude.nts. An?ther recent departure has led to the sealing of bram specimens in plastic containers so students may examine material without the necessity of handling the specimen. . Each oft?~ four required courses, Dr. Brody pointed out, mvolves a chmcal correlation. It's one thing, say, to learn about the human face by dissecting it, but another still to maste.r ~ow to approach repairing damage to the face cause.d by mJu~y. In neur~anatomy, particularly, clinical correlat~on often mvolves tnps to affiliated hospitals for presentatiOn of cases under the direction of Drs. William Kinkel, Daniel Lacey and Walter Olszewski, all members of the Department of Neurology with joint appointments in Anatomy. U B nursing students, hospital nursing students and health educ.ation .majors are another component of the Anatomical Sciences teaching load. A single course coordinated by two faculty and team-taught by a number of professors has replaced previous separate offerings for these student groups. Here, three lectures and a recitation/demonstration are scheduled weekly, and small groups of students rotate through the gross anatomy lab for demonstrations. The co~solidation of this service teaching effort, Dr. Brody noted, IS yet another reflection of the departmental commit- �ment to opening more faculty time for research and graduate (From left to right) Dr. Sabina Sobel, working with mouse embryos; small bats from the Department's colony being fed by a student assistant; Dr. Roberta Pentney, with education. A teaching program not often recognized as a commit- sketches of brain neurons; Nastase, one of three two-toed sloths under study by Dr. ment of the department is its responsibilities to residents Frank Mendel; Dr. Kenneth Edds describing his work on how cells change shape. in the graduate medical programs of hospitals associated with the School of Medicine. Residents in neurology, tion. By learning more about mechanisms which prevent neurosurgery, ophthalmology, oral surgery, otolaryngology, this from happening, he and his associates hope to find clues gynecology and obstetrics, and orthopedic surgery either use to possible causes of infertility as well to as how fertility the laboratories of the department or its faculty for specializ- could be prevented. Grants from the National Institute for Child Health and ed anatomical advice. With the growing commitment by the medical school toward graduate education and the develop- Human Development and the National Science Foundation ment of a laboratory for dissection by residents in the new totaling $127,000 have been received for these studies. teaching building, there should be increasing involvement v A study of hyalin, a cell surface protein observed in sea urchins. Drs. of the department in the education of these physicians-in- Robert Summers, associate professor, and Bonnie Hylander, clinical assistant professor, are looking at this protein, releastraining. The Anatomical Sciences Ph.D. program enrolls between ed upon fertilization, which provides direction to embryonic eight and 16 students in a given year; the department of- cells, shaping and organizing them to perform specific funcfers a master's only as a step toward the Ph.D., or for those tions. Similar cell surface proteins in humans may play a with a degree in another health sciences area (a dentist, role in cancer - because of their failure to give direction nurse or therapist, for example, who could use the master's for growing, organizing and functioning smoothly. to expand his or her professional capabilities). No master's v An investigation of how sea urchin cells change shape. Dr. Kenneth candidates at all are accepted from among liberal arts and T. Edds, assistant professor and director of graduate studies sciences graduates interested only in the M.A. This spring in the department, is studying a primitive sea urchin cell four Ph.D.'s were awarded - a figure which matched 1982's. known as a coelomocyte which has functions similar to Recent doctoral work. Dr. Brody said, has been concentrated human blood cells in clotting and destroying invading in reproductive biology, functional morphology, bodies. To perform its functions, the coelomocyte changes neurobiology and cell biology. All but one doctoral graduate from a petaloid shape to one with protruding spikes. Better during the past two years has gone on to post-doctoral work; understanding of mechanisms which cause the cell to change may lead to a basic understanding of reasons behind the exception having entered medical school. configuration changes evident in some human cells. Dr. r. Brody considers it critical that each faculty member Edds has received a three-year $150,000 grant from the Nahave one semester each year to devote to full-time tional Science Foundation to continue this work. Drs. Summers. Edds and Schue! regularly join other research (in addition to ongoing course development and other faculty activities). The department in 1982 had a fund- scientists at the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, ed research level of about $200,000, and while the chair- Mass., where researchers from around the nation gather durman has no dollar target in mind for expanded efforts, he ing summers to study and exchange information about funlooks forward to a time when each faculty member will be damentallife processes more easily observed in urchins and funded (approximately 50 per cent have research awards in other sea animals. effect at present). "I am not interested in amounts," the v A study of embryonic development. Dr. Sabina Sobel, assistant chairman emphasized. "If a person can support his or her professor, is working with mouse embryos to gain an research on $5,000 a year in outside funding, that's just as understanding of the behavior of cells during development. acceptable as bringing in a million and a half dollars:" The Using electronmicroscopy, chemistry and micromanipulaprimary goal is a self-supporting program that perm1ts the tion techniques, she is seeking answers to such questions person to do the research to which he/she is committed. as how embryonic cells move and organize themselves. Current research in the department includes work in v Studies of the development of heart muscle cells. Dr. Barry Eckert, cell motility, functional morphology, hematology, assistant professor, is a recently announced Established Inhistochemistry, reproductive biology and the nervous vestigator Fellow of the American Heart Association for a system. Among studies being conducted using techniques five year period beginning August, 1983. His work, also supranging from observational cinematography to electron ported by the National Science Foundation, is focused on intermediate filaments, composed of protein, which form the microscopy and a variety of animal subjects are: v A study of fertilization reactions in the sea urchin which may be im- cytoskeleton or internal structure of heart muscle cells. plicated in human problems such as spontaneous abortion and infertility. Relatively little research has been conducted in this area, Headed by Associate Professor Dr. Herbert Schue!, a but it is known th.at this portion of the cytoskeleton supports research group is focusing on defense mechanisms which muscle contractiOn. Dr. Eckert's thrust is to determine prevent polyspermy, the condition of having more than one whether some forms of heart disease have an auto-immune sperm penetrate an egg; this can lead to spontaneous abor- basis or begin in utero, caused by a factor which renders D BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 5 �the filaments unable to function properly in muscle contraction. From 1979-1982, Dr. Eckert was also the recipient of the first Sinsheimer Foundation Award presented to a Buffalo faculty member. This three-year award supported earlier work which has led to his more recent honor. ,_- The effects of the combination of alcohol and aging on the brain. While studies have demonstrated that neurons or nerve cells in the brain can be destroyed by aging as well as by alcohol. little is known about the effects of the combination of the two. Dr. Roberta Pentney, clinical assistant professor, with a three-year $137,000 grant from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, is continuing pioneering research on the effects of both variables on the dendrites which branch from each neuron like limbs on a tree, and provide the neuron with information. . . ,_- Studies of the effect of aging upon the human bram. Dr. Brody IS continuing a long time study of changes in morphology and cell populations of cerebral cortex and brain_ stem in t~e no~­ mal aging human and in individuals ."'nth Alzheimer s disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. He was the recipient of the 1978 Robert W. Kleemeier Award by the Gerontological Society of America for outstanding research contributions in gerontology. ,_- Studies of the autonomic nervous system. Dr. Frances Sansone, associate professor, is examining specialized neurotransmittor cells in the sympathetic nervous system which show high degrees of fluorescence; he h~s cor:trib~ted information on nerve-muscle inter-relatwnships m muscular dystrophy. Dr. Richard Webber, professor, has in the past provided a great deal of information regarding normal fe~tures of t~e gross and microscopic structure of sympathetic nerves _m the lumbar region. Having recently returned from. a sixmonth sabbatical leave in Heidelberg, Germany, he IS now examining neuropeptides by immunohistochemical means in sympathetic ganglia of guinea pigs after surgical interruption of specific neural pathways. ,_- Studies of the visual system. While we consider sight to be the obvious activity related to the visual system, Dr. John Cotter, associate professor, has been examining projections from the eye of the bat which go to brainstem structures. These are related to reflex responses and may in addition reflect on an understanding of the evolution of the visual system and on behavioral responses of the animal. ,_- Studies of basal ganglia. The basal ganglia are large structures of gray matter located within the cerebral hemisphere. By connections with other regions of the central nervous system, they play an important role in a group of_ motor disturbances called dyskinesias which are charactenzed by involuntary purposeless movements. Dr. Charles Severin, assistant professor, by the placing of stereotaxic lesions and/or injections of drugs or tracer elements. studies the interaction of basal ganglia structures with other cell groups in the reticular formation of the brain stem. ,_- An observational study of two-toed sloths. Dr. Frank Mendel, a physical anthropologist and associate professor, h~s f?r a number of years been studying two-toed sloths for msight into "suspension modes," to which that anim~ i_s behavior~­ ly and morphologically adapte_d. Dr. Mendel Is m~erested m functional anatomy. His studies are prompted m part by fossil evidence, which suggests that common ancestors of man and living apes engaged in suspensory behavior; but he also wants to understand more about the sloths in their own right. how their blood is pumped "uphill," how the balance system in their inner ear differs from man. To learn about how these animals function in the wild, Mendel will go to Panama next winter to begin setting up on Sarro Colorado Island a network of cables in the tropical forest (where the sloths live, suspended high in the trees). Using the cable, he plans to glide through the trees on a gondola specially6 e BUFFALO PHYSICIAN designed for sloth watching by the UB Health Instruments facility. v- Studies using bats. Dr. Frank Kallen, who organized the bat colony facility and is a nationally recognized authority in the anatomy and physiology of these animals, works with giant Indian fruit bats, another group of smaller bats and tree shrews for research on mastication and swallowing. These latter studies are being performed in collaboration with Drs. Mendel and Dale Fish, clinical assistant professor of anatomy and physical therapy. The veins and hearts of the bats have been the focus of other studies by Dr. Kallen as have physiological processes associated with their hibernation behavior. ~ Studie~ in hematology. Dr. Chester Glomski, professor and VI~e-chairman of the department, has been a major contnbu~or to knowledge of comparative hematology, with emphasis on the study of blood cells in common laboratory animals. He has provided information on the structure of these cells. their chemistry and populations under normal and abnormal conditions. Such knowledge is a prerequisite for proper interpretation of effects of low dose X-irradiation upon the development of red blood cells. These studies have been supported in the past by the NIH and American Cancer Society. Dr. Elizabeth Repaskey, clinical assistant professor based at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, is interested in the presence of a protein, spectrin, which provides a supportive lattice work to the plasma membrane of red blood cells and rep_resents about 40 per cent of the total membrane protein. This same protein is now being examined in muscle and nerve cells. v- S~dies in histochemistry. Dr. E. Russell Hayes, professor, has ~ontnbuted basic information to the understanding of stainI~g ca~abilities of lipids, as well as specialized cells in the digesti~e syste_m and kidney. Most recently he has been involved m studies of middle ear mucosa in individuals with otitis media. Much of the department's research is supported by the electron microscopy program which also contributes heavily to the work of many other members of the UB scientific communi~y. Currently headed by Dr. Eckert, it was originally organ~zed by Dr. Summers. Before Summers joined the faculty, It would have been difficult for anyone not in Anatomy to use the equipment. In conjunction with a major renovation supported by Dean John Naughton, Dr. Summers deve~oped a ~rogram available to anyone in the University and It~ teachmg hospitals for which the scientist pays only a nom mal fee for materials and supplies. This program also �(On page at left) Dr. Thaddeus Szczesny using new scanning electron microscope. (This page, clockwise from top right) Anatomy Lab of the early 1900s; Dr. Charles Severin conducting tour of today's Gross Anatomy Lab for potential health sciences majors; and Dr. Barry Eckert, director of the electron microscopy program. The Department of Anatomical Sciences has roots deep in the history of the University and community. It traces its lineage to Dr. James Webster of the original medical school faculty of 1846. Controversy once surrounded early medical school practices and former Anatomy Chairman and now Distinguished Professor Emeritus Dr. Oliver P. Jones has previously reported in the Buffalo Physician some 19th century dealings by the school with grave robbers to obtain cadaver specimens. However, the present department enjoys a long standing special relationship with the community. Its body donation program originated by Dr. Jones, in Dr. Brody's view, represents what are undoubtedly the closest off-campus ties with the community of any of the basic science departments in the School of Medicine. A significant amount of staff time is devoted to a whole series of correspondence and careful arrangements following an inn common with many other units in the health sciences dividual's decision to will his or her body to science. Purschools at UB, Anatomy suffers from a critical shortage of suant to another long tradition, the department space. For example, Dr. Brody noted, a new faculty member acknowledges and handles this delicate interplay with both arriving August 1 will be confined to a combined office/lab appreciation and care. For without a common trust between no larger than the usual faculty office space. The long the community and the department in this venture, the awaited addition to Cary/Farber/Sherman, whose progress teaching programs for medical students and residents in can be viewed from Brody's third floor office, will provide graduate education programs would be severely jeopardized. The department looks ahead to the 80's and 90's with deliverance from this space problem. although Anatomy faculty will not occupy any personal space there. The gross anticipation. Opportunities for enhanced teaching and anatomy and histology labs will be relocated into the new research programs should be possible with the increased building, freeing up space presently occupied by these space and technology which will be available. This will finalfacilities for conversion into research laboratories. Anatomy ly be translated into better training for future health prowill also annex the fourth floor of Farber (presently occupied viders and those who will be the teachers of Anatomy in the by the Medical School's animal quarters) where the electron future. Human anatomy may not change but our understandmicroscope facility and other research laboratories will be ing does change. This will continue to be the challenge. • relocated. offers an annual four-week course to teach others the proper use of the equipment in the facility. The credit-free course is now taught by Dr. Thaddeus Szczesny, senior technician of the laboratory. A recently acquired $100,000 scanning electron microscope further increases the capabilities of researchers campus-wide, noted Dr. Eckert. Addition of the new microscope permits greater resolution of surfaces than was possible previously. The JEOL model JSM 35CF SEM, Dr. Eckert pointed out. is the only one of its type in the area. It complements the transmission electron microscope which is capable of magnifying the interior of cells and other substances. Those interested in utilizing the Laboratory's facilities may contact Dr. Eckert at 831-2301 or Dr. Szczesny at 831-3330. I BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 7 �Diet Its relation to cancer is . still unclear, studies show A UB study which suggests that nutrients shown protective against some malignancies may promote The study focused on 311 males with cancer of the prosothers emphasizes the unclear relationship be- tate and 294 other males who did not have genitourinary tween diet and cancer, says internationally known or digestive disease symptoms or any other type of cancer. epidemiologist Dr. Saxon Graham. Another control group included males without cancer or Graham said that his recent study suggests that the genitourinary disease but with symptoms of digestive digreater the amounts of meats, fish, fats, and Vitamins A and sease. All were Roswell Park Memorial Institute patients C in the diet. the higher the incidence of prostate cancer. whose diagnoses were unknown to the study's investigators. But, he cautioned, the role of diet in cancer may be more Utilizing the food frequency method, interviewers complex than suspected. The study results app~ared April queried the men as to the frequency of ingestion of certain 15 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute . foods known to contain specific amounts of the key nutrients. Retinoids associated with Vitamin A, for instance, have "The possible relationship between diet and prostate in some studies been found related to a somewhat reduced cancer, either direct or indirect. has been a subject of other risk of cancer of the oral cavity, larynx, lung, bladder and studies elsewhere," Graham pointed out. Some researchers cervix. Clinical and animal studies have suggested that reti- have theorized that diet may alter production of sexual hornoids appear to inhibit development of aberrant cells in tis- mones which, in turn, affects risk of cancer of the prostate. sue culture and animals. Other studies have suggested that prostate cancer paGraham, who has conducted many epidemiological tients ate more margarine and other fatty foods or were defistudies over the years exploring possible relationships be- cient in dietary zinc or protein compared to those without tween diet and cancer, said his recent study further em- the dis~ase. Still another researcher suggested prostate canphasizes the fact that there is no "ideal" diet which can be cer patients had diets more deficient in green and yellow said to promote or prevent various malignancies. vegetables. "Healthful" nutrients such as Vitamin A which may in"The contradictory findings of studies dealing with varhibit certain squamous cell cancers might increase risk of ious cancers and diet should be interpreted by physicians other types of malignancies or have no effect whatsoever and the lay public as indicative that at this time no nutritionupon risk, Graham maintained. And the "unhealthful" rea~ re~imens have yet been identified to prevent malignanputation of fats may be a "bum rap" in terms of their role Cies, Graham pointed out. in promoting some cancers, he added. Certainly, he said, it is especially confusing for the Graham previously found in a study of 3,500 women interested patient who attempts continually to alter his diet that diets high in fat do not appear to cause breast cancer, based on reports of research findings in the media. although earlier animal studies had suggested to the contrary and ecologic assessments have shown that as ~at he prob_lem becomes even more perplexing, he added, for consumption increases within a country so does mortahty . the patient who reads that greater ingestion of one nufrom breast cancer. In this earlier study, too, neither Vitamin tnent appears to help prevent one disease and yet promote c nor cruciferous vegetable intake seemed to lower risk as another. had been the case in some other studies. Until the time comes when enough evidence has been "Cancer is an extremely complex disease," pointed out gathered and tested to yield the "ideal" diet for preventing the epidemiologist. "Many who are exposed to known c~ncer, Graham suggests people attempt to eat balanced carcinogens never develop it and others do." diet~. If they cannot. and must use dietary supplements, he This suggests that several factors, possibly including advises they not go overboard with vitamin and mineral pills dietary habits, must be present for the disease to develop. and tablets which may not prevent cancer and may, in fact. be damaging in large amounts. he recent study suggests increased Vitamin A, animal Others participating in the study include Drs. Brenda fats and particularly Vitamin C in the diet increase the Haughey, James Marshall, Tim Byers and Mr. Thomas risk of prostatic cancer. The study further shows that the Rzepka of UB's Department of Social and Preventive Medirisk related to these nutrients for the disease is more ap- cine, and Drs. Roger Priore, Curtis Mettlin and J. Edson parent in males over 70. Pontes of Roswell Park Memorial Institute. • T T 8 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Alzheimer's Disease Like cancer, it appears multifactoral with no single cause, event or exposure proven to be the deciding factor in its development A s hopeless as a diagnosis of senile or pre-senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type appears today, there's evidence that increasing, world-wide research is making inroads into unraveling some of the causes of the disease which leaves its victims "non persons" through gradual disintegration of their personalities. Losses of attention, memory, cognitive functions, judgment and emotional response go hand in hand with the disease which can strike individuals in their prime as well as others of advanced age. "Alzheimer's Disease - like cancer - appears to be multifactoral with no single cause, event or exposure proven to be the deciding factor in its development," according to Dr. Donald R. Crapper McLachlan, professor of physiology at the University ofThronto and staff neurologist at Thronto General Hospital. A former faculty member in UB's Department of Physiology, Dr. McLachlan, involved in Alzheimer's Disease research for nearly 20 years, spoke at a two-day program on the disorder at the Buffalo Hilton in May. Divided into two one-day sessions, the program, sponsored by UB's Department of Psychiatry and the University's Center for the Study of Aging, featured speakers geared to both the medical/scientific community and caretakers of Alzheimer's victims. Attracting 135 participants, the event was co-sponsored by the University ofThronto's Department of Physiology, the Societe Alzheimer of Canada, the Center on Aging of the University of Rochester Medical Center, the Network in Aging of Western New York and the Erie County Mental Health Association. Noting that Alzheimer's is typically identified as a presenile dementia, Dr. McLachlan said there is no evidence that the disease process operating in senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type is a different one. First described in 1906 by the physician whose name it bears, Alzheimer's Disease may strike those as young as their 40s although most diagnosed patients are usually older. A case reporting a patient as young as eight-years-old has appeared in the literature. "The virulence of the course in Alzheimer's varies," said the Thronto physician, "from 18 months to 19 years." More women appear to fall victim to the disorder, but Dr. McLachlan believes this may be partly explained because women typically live longer than men and thus increase their chances for the disease. And while Alzheimer's may have a genetic component, the risk of those who have a relative with the disorder contracting it themselves appears only slightly greater than for members of the general population. . "It is true there are some families who have a history of many relatives with Alzheimer's," Dr. M~La_chlan said, "but this is not a typical picture for the maJonty of those with the disorder." An interesting link reported through the efforts of researchers is with Chromosome 21 and its connection to Down's Syndrome. . "Those with Down's who die after age 35 typically have some signs of Alzheimer's at autopsy. characterized by the neuritic plaques and tangles. The incidence ?ft~e.se appe~s to increase with the age at death of the mdividual with Down's," Dr. McLachlan pointed out. B ut perhaps one of the more confusing aspects of Alzheimer's is that the tangles and plaques seen at autopsy in these patients can also be seen to lesser degrees in other, younger persons who have died from non-neurologic causes. Whether many of these individuals would have ultimately developed either pre-senile or senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type had they lived long enough, cannot be determined. But there is at least the implication that the seeds of the disease may be planted earlier than many have previously suspected. Discussing research in Canada and elsewhere, Toronto Dr. Umberto DeBoni (leh) witlt Gary Brice of tlte UB Center for tlte Study of Aging. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 9 �neurobiologist Dr. Umberto DeBoni said more people die annually of Alzheimer's than statistics reveal. . ·'The patient may die of infection, of pneumoma or other causes brought about in part by immobility necessitated by their illnesses, and these causes will be recorded on their death certificates." In reality, however, he said, they died of complications associated with Alzheimer·~· The public's recent awareness of the d1sorder has been helpful in aiding scientists gain needed, but still inadequate research funding for study of the disease. But, said Dr. DeBoni, this popular interest has also made some fearful that the slightest memory loss is their first sign of Alzheimer's. "It's true that memory is usually first affected in Alzheimer's patients, but not being able to bring to mind the name of someone known years ago is not abnormal," Dr. DeBoni noted. He pointed out it's been said that if you remember what it is you don't recall, you need not worry; the Alzheimer's patient typically does not recall what it is that cannot be remembered. "Neither," said Dr. DeBoni, "does personality appear to change radically during early Alzheimer's." The patient who tended to be docile before onset of the disease will perhaps begin to appear more withdrawn; those who become hostile, aggressive, and difficult to manage appear only to have had earlier inhibitions removed by the disease. Noting that costs of providing care for Alzheimer's patients who require institutionalization are phenomenal and growing as a major segment of the population reaches the age when the disease is more likely to be manifest, the Thronto scientist said more money must be available for research. Some scientists are exploring the hypothesis that a "slow"virus may be responsible for some of the changes seen in the brain at autopsy of these patients; others believe an autoimmune component may play an important role. And the Thronto group composed of Drs. McLachlan, DeBoni and Peter Lewis has reported research results which suggest that the nuclei of neurons and glial cells in the brain cannot read their genetic messages as efficiently as would be normal. Not all dementia is of the irreversible type T he confused, elderly patient who appears to suffer from irreversible senile dementia may be a victim of depression, inadequate diet or inappropriate medication, cautions a UB physician. "With the recent 'fad' of interest in Alzheimer's Disease, physicians may have a tendency to overlook the other types of dementia and depression which have similar clinical symptoms but are reversible,." Dr. Margaret Mitchell emphasized at a recent Buffalo conference on Alzheimer's. Since physiological changes go hand-in-hand with the aging process, virtually any drug the elderly patient takes should be considered suspect when symptoms of dementia occur, said the specialist in geriatric medicine. "Aspirin, digoxin, sedatives, anti-hypertensives and the atropine-like drugs should especially be examined when taking the patient's medical history," she indicated. Also not to be overlooked are a myriad of over-the-counter drugs which the elderly may be taking alone or in combination with their prescription medications. "A 'brown bag' review in which the patient or family gathers into a paper bag all medicines being taken and has it evaluated is useful in determining whether the symptoms of dementia are associated with medication," Dr. Mitchell suggested. In examining the patient with apparent irreversible dementia, the physician should also carefully explore metabolic factors which could account for the forgetfulness, confusion and personality changes. Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency. recurrent hypoglycemia and even hypothermia should be considered as possible causes, Dr. Mitchell said. "Especially in colder climates, the elderly may be more prone than physicians imagine to suffer from gradual hypothermia resulting from turning the thermostat low to save " Unfortunately, Alzheimer's can only really be diagnosed money," she pointed out. at autopsy. And, equally unfortunate, is the fact that Sensory deprivation brought on by glaucoma, cataracts to date no suitable animal model to study has been identi- or hearing problems may also make the elderly appear to fied," said Dr. DeBoni. It is primarily those cells which make be suffering from one of the dementias. us human - separating us from the animals - which are "If you don't hear what people are saying or can't see apparently most affected by the disease. clearly what's happening around you, you can tend to For a time, it was hypothesized that higher concentra- become withdrawn and uninterested," she said. tions of aluminum found in the brains of the Alzheimer's Inadequate diet may be another reason for the confuvictims at autopsy might be responsible for the disease. sion, listlessness and forgetfulness. "We now believe the aluminum itself is not a direct cause "Many elderly, especially if they live alone, may suffer but rather the results of an abnormal process which allows from insufficient calorie and protein intake, avitaminosis this toxic substance, found throughout nature, to gain en- particularly in the B vitamin category, malabsorption protrance into the brain," said Dr. DeBoni. blems and even malnutrition which leads to their clinical "Research funds are important to identify the causes," problems," emphasized Dr. Mitchell. said the Thronto scientist. "but also important are funds for 11-auma and tumors which cause or contribute to censeeking improved methods of treatment for those who al- tral nervous system symptoms should not be overlooked, either. Nor should the possibility of infections - ranging ready have the disease." He noted that in the days before the polio vaccines, there from subacute bacterial to fungal to viral -which may also were those who focused on finding the cause of the paralytic induce symptoms which appear to be dementia of an irreverdisease and others who sought better forms of treatment. sible type. "Both approaches are vital and especially so when you Still "another factor to be considered in some of these realize that 70 per cent of all dementias are the Alzheimer's patients," Dr. Mitchell said, "is whether they may be suffertype. Of 26 million Americans today over age 65, 15 per cent ing from tertiary syphilis." Despite advances in treatment have moderate to severe dementia of which 70 per cent is of venereal diseases, penicillin hasn't been around that long, she added, and may not have been on the market when some Alzheimer's," Dr. DeBoni emphasized. If the price tag for research is high, however, the money of the older people contracted the initial disease many years will be well spent. "It is less expensive for the public if a ago. cause and an effective treatment can be found than to pay The UB physician also noted that effects of atherofor the extensive future care which a majority of the victims sclerosis, low cardiac output syndrome and chronic interof the disease will require,'' he said. • mittent arrhymias may produce symptoms associated with 10 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �----Many of the reversible dementias can be treated effectively by physician and patient together, Dr. Mitchell said. She believes in developing "contracts" with patients to insure better results. "You might ask the patient who has no appetite to make a 'contract' with you to try to eat three meals a day- no matter how small they may be." It is also important, she said, for the physician to make corrections in medication or other treatment which will bring the reversible dementia to an end. senile, irreversible dementia. "'fransient ischemic attacks (Top) Dr. Margaret Mitchell. (Below) Dr. Donald R. Crapper McLachlan (left) with (TIAs), sarcoidosis, chronic renal failure and polycythemia UB's Dr. Seymour Axlerotl at Alzheimer's Conference. vera should be considered as well - as should the elderly patient's past occupational history and whether it included "Start low - go slow is the best advice when prescribextensive exposure to various herbicides, pesticides, ing medications unless it involves a life-threatening condichemicals or metals. tion," Dr. Mitchell said. "The half-life of many drugs is inepression among the elderly is more often firs~ di~gnosed creased in the elderly." 1hcyclic anti-depressants may be helpful for the patient by internists and physicians than by psych~atnsts, Dr. Mitchell said. Symptoms include loss of interest in pleasur- who suffers endogenous depression as may be electroshock. able activities, feeling of hopelessness, otherwise unex- The reactive depression, which may occur following a loss plainable weight loss or weight gain, insomnia or sleeping of spouse, for instance, may develop into an endogenous one Dr. Mitchell noted. ' too much, fatigue and loss of energy. "A good physical exam and medical history as well as In differentiating between the dementias and depression, Dr. Mitchell said depression can usually be traced to a neurological and mental status exam are most important," she summarized. its start by either family members or the pat~ent. . ".Th dis~ iss d~mentia-like symptoms as simply signs of Patients with depression- unlike those w1th dementia -may complain of a cognitive loss- "I can't remember growmg old IS a disservice both to the patient and to those how to add." The patient with Alzheimer's or certain demen- who may be responsible for his or her welfare especially tias aren't aware of such losses, or tend to attempt to con- when the condition can be treated effectively," Dr. Mitchell said. ceal them. Also speaking on the program was Dr. John Rowe, as"If you ask the dementia patient what day it is, he or she will attempt to answer- even if it's the wrong answer. ~ociate professor of medicine and director, Division of AgDepressed patients will be more likely to say they don't mg, Harvard Medical School, who addressed, "Management of the Dementia Patient." • know," said Dr. Mitchell. D BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 11 �IZ • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �By THOMAS S. BUMBALO, M.D. PERIL Our Children in the Nuclear Age: a better life or a possible catastrophic death? T he past 50 years have witnessed more progress in the practice of medicine than all the preceding decades. We have progressed from an era of a handful of therapeutic specifics to the present bulging sophisticated medical armamentarium. Fifty years ago we had digitalis for the treatment of heart failure, quinine for malaria, salvarsan for syphilis, codeine and morphine for the control of pain and, of course, good, old, reliable aspirin. Today we have chemotherapeutic drugs and antibiotics to control life threatening infections that in the past usurped most of the pediatrician's working hours. Thday, Pediatrics has progressed from the treatment of acute contagious diseases and their complications to the world-wide eradication of small pox, the countdown for measles elimination, the specific treatment and control of tuberculosis and the lowest infant mortality rate in the history of American medicine, 11.7 per 1,000 live births. Pediatrics from the very beginning has pioneered in the prevention of sickness and the welfare of children. Continuing its dedication in prevention, it has developed such new children's health services as perinatology, neonatology, developmental pediatrics, intensive care units for the critically sick child and rehabilitation of physically and mentally handicapped children. In the midst of all this progress we have dramatically cascaded from the Industrial Age with its legion of health problems to the Nuclear Age with its sophisticated electronics, biomedical engineering, computers and nuclear medical tools such as the n ew nuclear magnetic resonance technique. The Nuclear Age, that in the same breath promises a better life for all could also mean the potential catastrophic annihilation of the same masses to whom it promises the good life. ILLUSTRATION: BERNSTEIN BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 13 �Recalling a much used cliche first uttered by the late electronic journalist, Edward R. Murrow. "fiTSt the good news and then some bad news," let us consider the good news of the Nuclear Age as it benefits children. In pediatric emergencies, the sophisticated techniques of computed tomography and nuclear·medicine can save valuable diagnostic time and enhance treatment of subcapsular hematoma of intra-abdominal organs. Periappendical abscess formation and the localization of other intra-abdominal abscesses can also be detectable by c.:r scanning. C-T scanners likewise play an important role in the diagnosis of cranial trauma as well as brain abscess and lesions of the vertebral column. 1 The new generation of C-T has proven to be a relatively simple but very accurate diagnostic tool in pediatric practice. A prestigious group of pediatric radiologists aptly appraise the current status of c.:r with this statement: "When appropriately utilized and meticulously performed, body C-T scanning in children can be an extremely valuable procedure in providing significant diagnostic information that is not otherwise available and may be the definitive diagnostic procedure in many instances. " 2 Ultrasonic imaging or sonography has also proven its usefulness in the diagnosis of lesions associated with abdominal trauma, such as injuries to the liver or spleen, resulting from violent auto-bumper impact when children are struck down by a motor vehicle. Pediatric nuclear medicine, the use of radioactive isotopes, assisted by digital computer, has made very impressive strides in the diagnosis of organ function. Radiopharmaceuticals currently are used in brain scanning, thyroid scanning, lung perfusion scanning, cerebrospinal Ouid shunt Oow studies, liver, spleen, kidney and bone scanning. Additional examples of the diagnostic scope of pediatric nuclear medicine are evaluation of the cardiovascular system in identifying intracardiac shunts and cardiac output, the determination of cerebral and renal blood Oow and detection of brain trauma and brain tumors. 3 In addition to these specific health benefits of the Nuclear Age, it is estimated that about 12 per cent of the nation's electricity needs, of which all of us are the beneficiaries, is generated by nuclear power. There is no denying that the Nuclear Age has contributed abundantly to the welfare of children. However. there is also no doubt that the Nuclear Age has the potential for much "bad news." One of the major hazards of the Nuclear Age is the potential escalation of the estimated whole body radiation that all of us are exposed to now and will be exposed to in the future. The increase in radiation exposure can come from a combination of natural environmental and man-made sources, such as diagnostic medical and dental radiological exposure as well as radiopharmaceutical sources. It is estimated that all of us receive 75 millirems whole body exposure per year from medical and dental diagnostic exposure alone. Regrettably, the current trend of "defensive medicine"medical practice to avoid the threat of malpractice litigation portends an increase from this source of radiation. The time is now to scrutinize the indications of radiological diagnostic procedures. Nuclear power plant accidents, such as the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor plant accident of March 28, 1979, can be an additional source of radiation exposure. Another problem that generates much controversy and debate is the lack of disposal facilities for radioactive materials. 4 As recently as April of this year, the Supreme Court ruled that states may ban new nuclear plants until the federal government devises a safe method for disposing of radioactive waste. Safe burial sites for low level wastes, such as those from the Three Mile Island clean-up and elsewhere, must be urgently resolved by the cooperative efforts of the nuclear power industry, the government and the public. If a safe resolution of this problem is not forthcoming, we will be confronted with yet 14 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN another public health hazard. 'The effects of body radiation include an increased incidence of leukemia and other forms of neoplasia, damage to genes and chromosomes, increased incidence of congenital malformations, stillbirths, neonatal deaths, decreased fertility, increased incidence of cataracts, accelerated aging with decreased life span, and a profoundly altered ecology.s A ny discussion of the practice of medicine in the Nuclear Age, must of necessity include the apprehensions and fears of possible nuclear warfare. The alarming stockpiling of nuclear warheads by both the United States and the Soviet Union has once more urgently focused attention on the threat of a nuclear war and the destructive power of state of the art nuclear weapons. At best, the number of nuclear weapons stockpiled by the nuclear nations can only be an estimate. Current estimates place the number at 50,000-100,000 warheads. In order to comprehend the destructive power of nuclear warheads, consider that one kiloton bomb is equivalent to the energy released by the detonation of 1,000 tons ofT.N.T. and a single one megaton bomb explosion is equivalent to the destruction wrought by 1,000,000 tons ofT.N.T.& A one megaton hydrogen or thermonuclear bomb would have an explosive power 50 times the explosive power of the Hiroshima bomb. The first atomic bomb denotated fell on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Seconds later 64,000 civilians were dead or mortally wounded as the result of blast. bums, or irradiation injuries. The final count records 160,000 killed or maimed and 62,000 of the 90,000 buildings destroyed beyond recognition. The present armament of nuclear warheads has the potential of an incredible carnage of tens of millions, notwithstanding pre-warning, shelters, planned evacuation and all other civil defense efforts. Medical care would be almost nonexistent. Hospitals, medical supplies, medical personnel, transportation, electrical power and water supplies would be disrupted or destroyed. Without the benefit of medical care, most of the injured would experience a slow agonizing death from bums, shrapnel, shock, radiation, hemorrhage, infections and malnutrition. Psychological stress and social trauma would add to the suffering, chaos and destruction, and would make sudden death a blessing. The long term residue of radioactivity, at best, is unpredictable. The Hiroshima bomb resulted in an increased incidence of microcephaly and mental retardation in children who were exposed in-utero, at the time of the bombing. Other hazards confirmed by the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings are an increased incidence of still births, neonatal deaths, cataracts, leukemia, tumors and other degenerative diseases resulting in decreased life-span. The deleterious effects on the ecology can be equally profound and devastating. Fire and the lack of water would destroy the forests and create dust bowls with the disruption of the necessary balance in the plant and animal world and the slow starvation of all animals and human life. More specifically, it has been estimated that a 20 megaton thermonuclear bomb, the equivalent of20 million tons ofT.N.T., exploded on a clear day, at ground level, in the downtown area of a city the size of Buffalo, would create a fire ball one and one-half miles in diameter, with temperatures of 20-30 million degrees Fahrenheit. The entire downtown area, the streets and the earth below, and all living things would be vaporized, leaving a crater several hundred feet deep. At six miles from the epicenter, all people would be instantly killed by a huge heat Oash traveling at the speed of light. Within a 10 mile radius, the blast wave, 180 miles per hour winds and fires would inflict almost total casualties with at least 50 per cent dead and the remainder, injured. Even at 20 miles from the epicenter, 50 per cent of the population would be killed or maimed by the direct thermal radiation and blast pressures. Many more would be killed by random spon- �taneous fires fueled by oil and gasoline storage tanks and natural gas lines. These fires would have the capability to coalesce into an enormous firestorm 1,200 square miles in area, fanned by 100-120 miles per hour winds, creating temperatures capable of cooking and asphyxiating those in shelters. a I n 1950, Albert Einstein warned that "Radioactive poisoning of the atmosphere and hence annihilation of any life on earth has been brought within the range of technical possibilities. "7 The medical profession is dedicated to the prevention of disease and preservation of good health and life, and threat of nuclear warfare has become an urgent concern of all physicians and health scientists. The American Medical Association's House of Delegates at the 1981 Interim Meeting [and reaffirmed in the 1982 Annual Meeting] has resolved to inform the President of the United States and the Congress that there is no "adequate" medical response to a nuclear holocaust. The AMA delegates voted to prepare material to educate physicians and the public about the consequences of nuclear war. 8 The Executive Board of the American Academy of Pediatrics has likewise passed a resolution to convey to the President and the Congress and other public and private organizations the Academy's concern about the medical effects of a nuclear war and to inform its own members of the devastating consequences of nuclear war. Another resolution passed by District IX of the A.A.P. calls for the Academy to dispel the notion of a so-called limited nuclear war and to call on the governments of all nations to immediately and completely freeze nuclear weapons production, deployment and testing.• Similar resolutions against nuclear war have been passed by the World Association for Social Psychiatry and by the Physicians for Social Responsibility. However, it is more imperative that all these efforts to prevent nuclear warfare be directed to the governments of all nations. Dr. Edward Thller, known as the "father of the H-Bomb," believes that the "only way to prevent war is for America to regain its nuclear strength so that the Soviets will not be tempted to strike." Notwithstanding such reasoning, even by a recognized nuclear scientist, the fact remains that nuclear war is capable of destroying the Human Species and God's creation. Simply put, nuclep.r war is immoral, irrational and unjust, because it destroys everybody and everything. Th paraphrase Bertrand Russell, the world will have to listen to what scientists have discovered- if they cannot succeed, man will destroy himself by his half-way cleverness. A prominent psychiatrist of Western New York State, Dr. Armand DiFrancesco in discussing violence, has stated ''the survival of Mankind hinges on a change of attitude, a change from the spirit of having by means of violence, greed, and lust ... to a spirit of being ... being loving, kind, compassionate, sharing and helping." • Dr. Thomas S. Bumbalo, M.D., M.Sc. (Med.), is clinical professor, Pediatrics emeritus, UIB, and medical director, Erie County Medical Center -Retired. 1. Heller, R.M. , Coulam, C.M., Allen , J.H., Fleischer, A. Lee, G.S., Kirchner, S.G. and James E.: Diagnostic Imaging in Pediatric Emergencies, Southern Medical Journal. 73:844 (1980). 2. Berger, P.E. , Kuhn , J.P. , Brusehaber, J.: Techniques for Computed Tomography in Infants and Children , Radiologic Clinics of N. America. 19:399 (1981). 8. Treves, S.: Diagnostic Use of Radioactive Isotopes in Children; Editorial, Southern Medical Journal. 68:1321 (1975). 4. Carter, L.J.: Debate Over 3-Mile Cleanup: Science 210:166 (1980) . 5. Ervin , F.R ., Glazier, J.B., Aronrm, S., Nathan , D., Coleman, R., Avery, N., Shobet, S., Leeman , C.: Human and Ecological Effects 1n Massachusetts of an Assumed Thermonuclear Attack on the U.S.: New England Journal of Medicine. 266:1127 (1962). 8. Physicians for Social Responsibility, Inc.: The Medical Aspects of Nuclear War. 7. Syken, L.R. and Evernden, J.F.: The Verification of Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban : Scientific American. 247:47 (1982). IL American Medical News. July 30, 1982. 8. News and Comments, American Academy of Pediatrics. August, 1982. 150 attend gala for local PSR T At PSR Gala: (top photo from left) Board Members Bumbalo (author of the accompanying article), Metzger and Greene, Dr. Tom Potts and Mrs. Bumbalo. (IIJIIt!l) County Legislator Joan Bozer and Dr. Tim Byers. he race to build bigger and more destructive nuclear weapons is an illogical. immoral and economically unsound contest which will yield no winners. speakers told an audience of about 150 attending the Physicians for Social Responsibility's Spring Gala at UB's Center forThmorrow. in late April. Unanimous in their advocacy of a bilateral arms freeze. UB energy conservation specialist Walter Simpson. Daemen College history professor Dr. Edward Cuddy and Rev. Vernon Bigler, Buffalo Methodist Conference superintendent. said groups such as PSR and its local Western New York chapter are vital in helping to educate the public about the consequences of an uncontrolled arms race. Formed a year ago, the local PSR chapter has 100 members today from among the community's health professionals. The aim of the group is to help alert the public to the dangers of nuclear weapons build-up and to encourage legislation which will lead to abolition of these arms worldwide. PSR board member Dr. James Metzger who introduced the speakers told the audience that August 6, 1945 was the most important day in history from the dawn of consciousness. "Man has had to deal with death all along but before, it was always on an individual basis. Now we are talking about actions which could lead to death of a species. We are now able to wipe ourselves out and despite rhetoric which comes from politicians and others the bottom line is just what Albert Einstein once said : "The unle~sh~ng of atomic energy has changed everything but our mode of thmkmg. Therefore we drift toward unparalleled catastrophe." Other members ofPSR's local advisory board introduced at the event were Drs. F. Carter Pannill Jr., UB vice president for health sciences; Leonard A. Katz, former associate dean of the School of Medicine; James P. Nolan, chairman, Department of Medicine at UB; Ivan L. Bunnell and David G. Greene, professors at the UB School of Medicine; UB periodontist David M. Maiman and long-time • Buffalo physician Dr. Thomas Bumbalo. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 15 �~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~. By MARY BETH SPINA Local project important to artificial heart A n approach championed by a UB scientist at Arvin/Calspan which allows blood to flow over man-made material without clotting proved a key factor in successful implantation of Seattle Dentist Barney Clark's artificial replacement heart. Described by developer Dr. Robert Baier as "an attempt to compromise Mother Nature," the approach requires precise control of the surface chemistry of the outer one-millionth of an inch of the flow surface of the material from which the artificial organ is fashioned, making it compatible with the blood at the interface of blood and material. If the surface chemistry is not precisely compatible, the circulating white particles within the blood will stick to the material, creating life-threatening thrombi and blood clots. The dilemma of achieving interface compatibility which had plagued artificial heart developers was solved when Dr. Baier and associate Anne Meyer recognized that by adding specific surface control agents, standard tough polyurethanes could be used to fabricate the organ. This is easily accomplished by providing a silicone coating to the mould over which the liquid man-made material is dipped or poured. Altering in this manner the surface chemistry of the critical blood-contacting layer of the stretchy urethane material - similar to that of which girdles are manufactured- permits the blood to slide easily over the polymer without leaving threatening deposits. "Mother Nature provides us with the clotting mechanism to prevent hemorrhaging," Dr. Baier explains, "but a delicate balance must be maintained so clotting occurs only when necessary, permitting blood to flow unimpeded otherwise." A similar interface problem occurs in atherosclerosis, he noted, when the surface chemistry of artery and vessel walls is altered by accumulation of plaque. "In atherosclerosis, however, rather than attempting to alter surface chemistry at the interface, treatment usually involves medication which reduces the 'stickiness' qf blood platelets involved in the clotting mechanism," Dr. Baier explains. This chemotherapeutic solution which works reasonably well in atherosclerosis was not feasible, however, in coaxing blood to flow over manmade polyurethane, he said. Instead, it was necessary to develop techniques which chemically alter the artificial material's surface so it mimics healthy, human artery tissue. So successful has the surface chemical approach to biomaterials development been that it allows not only implantation of an artificial replacement heart into a human patient but also won Dr. Baier the Society of Biomaterials' prestigious Clemson Award for Basic Research. While the UB-Arvin/Calspan scientist originally developed the technique in cooperation with physicians at Hershey (At left) Anne Meyer and Dr. Baier examine the interior surface of one of the Hershey "helper hearts." They will soon receive material talcen from the Kolff~arvik heart which had been implanted in Seattle dentist Barney Clark (above) for analysis and comparison with material from hearts implanted in calves and with material "off the shelf." 16 • ILLUSTRATION: MIKE BUNN �.:~====================---------------------- Research Briefs Medical Center who were using an artificial heart outside the patient's body as a temporary "helper heart," he and others strongly suggested it be adapted for the heart on which Dr. Wilhelm Kolff had been experimenting with calves. Prior to using this technique, Dr. Kolff found his artificial heart lasted no longer than 11 days without causing serious complications in the animals. Application of controlled surface properties to the critical interface of the materials which formed the artificial organ increased survival time to 92 days. (Pa.) C onvinced the interface problem had been solved, University of Utah scientists implanted the Kolff-Jarvik heart into Seattle dentist Barney Clark, who lived for 112 days after implantation, ultimately dying from general deterioration. "There is no doubt Dr. Clark was a courageous gentleman who donated his body to science," said Dr. Baier. Clark, said the UB scientist. did not consent to the implantation because he really believed it would give him a prolonged life of any quality. "He underwent the tortuous ordeal to aid medical science in hopes it would help future patients for whom the artificial heart might be the only alternative to death," Dr. Baier added. Although development of an artificial heart had been the center of considerable NIH-funded research in the early 1960s and 1970s, these monies were allocated elsewhere beginning in 1978, leaving scientists such as Dr. Baier to work on other projects. Ironically, two projects, indirectly related to the artificial heart and conducted by Dr. Baier and his colleagues ultimately provided additional keys to successful development of the technique which allowed Dr. Clark to receive his replacement organ. One project for Meadox Medicals, Inc., involved development of a tanning process for umbilical cord veins which allowed their successful use as replacement arteries in patients whose own saphenous veins could not be grafted. Dr. Baier noted that the work he and UB oral pathologists Drs. Joseph Natiella and Michael Meenaghan conducted for Meadox resulted in implantation of the Biograft into some 30,000 patients. Surface chemistry interface studies conducted by Dr. Baier and his associates with colleagues from the AvcoEverett Corp. produced a polyurethane product called Avcothane which is now widely used in the manufacture of intra-aortic balloon pumps. "Neither of these projects directly related to an artificial replacement heart." said Dr. Baier, "and yet the knowledge we gained through these privately-funded ventures provided us with information ultimately necessary to overcome the clotting problem for the Hershey and the Kolff-Jarvik hearts.'' Later this year, Dr. Baier and his colleagues will receive sections of material removed from Dr. Clark's heart. These sections will be qualitatively analyzed in the laboratory and compared with those taken from the calves' implanted hearts and with treated polyurethane ''off the shelf' to determine if changes occurred at the critical flow interface after the device was placed in the chest cavity of the Seattle dentist. In addition, the scientists will also attempt to determine whether the artificial material aided or blocked heart functions involved in receiving nutrients and expelling metabolic waste. "Although the heart's primary purpose is to act as a pump for the circulating blood, it has other, more obscure - but perhaps equally important functions,'' Dr. Baier explained. He and colleagues at SUNY at Stony Brook and in California are also working to develop an improved design for the artificial heart's power source. that Dr. Clark was attached to Noting a cumbersome external compressor which supplied power to his replacement organ, Dr. Baier said that in the planning stage is a compact. self-contained belt-encased coil which can be implanted around the waists of future recipients of artificial hearts. Such a device, he said, would allow these patients to be mobile, improving the quality of their new-found life and . eliminating risk of infection which accompanies use of power sources connected to the heart through permanent openings in the body. While Dr. Baier has little doubt that man-made substances will increasingly be developed to replace diseased organs and tissue, he emphasized there is room in medicine for artificial organs as well as donor or cadaver transplants. "In the future, we may find some heart patients will require two heartstheir own or a transplant and an implant in order to provide them all the functions of the organ," he said. Some organs, such as the liver, however, have such complex mechanisms and functions it may prove impossible to fabricate replacements which exactly duplicate all the tasks performed by the natural organ. • Dr. Dutzu Rosner Roswell scientist tests new brain cancer therapy T he solutions to some of the most complex problems are often right in front of us. Dr. Dutzu Rosner, associate chief of breast surgery at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, thinks that this may be the case in treating patients who have brain metastases from breast cancer with systemic chemotherapy - the same drugs that have been successful in other metastatic sites. He presented results of his study at a joint session on "Novel Therapeutic Approaches" at the American Association for Cancer Research/American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting, May 24, in San Diego. The complex problem in this case is the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). thought by most to restrict the accessibility of the standard neoplastic drugs to the brain. But, as Dr. Rosner points out, "When radionuclide brain or computerized axial tomography (CT) scans are used for diagnosis, the radioisotopes or radioopaque compounds that do not cross the normal brain barrier penetrate the BBB to delineate brain tumors, so why should we assume that chemotherapeutics shouldn't be able to get to them?" Brain metastasis from breast carcinoma is an ominous development, with a median survival of less than two months if left untreated, and the effectiveness of whole brain radiation and corticosteroids is limited due to widespread disease, and improves survival only to a dismal 2.5 to 7.5 months. . Dr. Rosner's rationale for designing the first prospective, controlled clinical trial using systemic chemotherapy alone to treat brain metastasis was based on the fact that "most patients with brain metastasis have extensive metastasis elsewhere and that conventional whole brain radiation has limited effectiveness, since death usually results from extracranial disease ... He continued, "Our experience. as well as that of others, suggested that some cytotoxic agents may penetrate the BBB under certain -------------------------------------------------~ BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 17 �circumstances and provided the basis for a pilot trial of chemotherapy, without irradiation, for patients with brain metastases from mammary carcinoma.'' The study included 71 breast cancer patients with brain metastases confirmed by either radionuclide brain scan and/or CT scan, and ~hose initial treatment was by systemic chemotherapy. The results of Dr. Rosner's study revealed that 51 per cent (36 of71) of the patients had objective responses- eight complete and 28 partial - to systemic chemotherapy. These results are similar to those obtained in patients treated for extracranial metastases. The median survival time for the 36 responders was 13.1 months in contrast to 3.0 months for the 35 non-responders; and 50 per cent of the responders (18 of 36) were long-term survivors, with median survival reaching 18 months. Of the 36 patients responding, 17 have become totally asymptomatic and have resumed a normal life during the period of remission, and 19 have shown marked improvement in their neurological status. The combination chemotherapy regimens used in the study were similar to those used for other metastatic sites for breast cancer at respective periods. Dr. Rosner's study also showed that patients who developed recurrent neurological symptoms and relapse of brain metastases can be retreated successfully with additional chemotherapy. "Our data suggest that chemotherapeutic agents do enter metastatic lesions in the brain, dura, and leptomeninges" states Dr. Rosner, and that "patients who develop brain metastasis in chemotherapy sensitive disease are capable of achieving a prolonged remission by systemic chemotherapy alone." • Electrical device promotes quicker healing of bones E lectrical devices, now used on .a limited basis to promote bone healmg, may routinely be used in the future to heal fractures more quickly than is otherwise possible, predicts the head ofUB's hand surgery program in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery. Dr. Clayton A. Peimer forecasts that healing time of many fractures may be routinely reduced from months to weeks or from weeks to days based on his experience with electrical bone stimulators (EBS) which can aid healing of broken bones in the hand. "EBS is used today in only a small number of orthopedic cases because most broken bones, if properly treated, will heal without further assistance," says Dr. Peimer. However, fractures which are open, infected or inadequately treated may demand use ofEBS. Other cases in which it may be helpful include those in which the patient suffers an illness which alters his natural recuperative powers or takes medications which retard healing. Dr. Peimer notes that of cases in which he has used EBS, two-thirds of the fractures healed properly which otherwise had not. 18 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. K.L. Parthasarathy reviews liver scans. Bone grafting was required for many of those cases which did not respond to EBS. While research into the potential of EBS has been conducted for two decades, only within the past five years has the technique been used on more than a clinical research basis. There are two types ofEBS devices on the market today. The "invasive" one involves surgical implantation of electrical coils at the site of the unhealed fracture, or wires drilled into the fracture site. Exposed ends of the coils and/or wires allow electrical stimulation when connected to a control module. Implantation of EBS is used primarily on fractures which involve the long bones and those larger than those found in the hand. "For the smaller hand bones, the external version is usually preferable," says Dr. Peimer. After the fracture is properly aligned and set, a cast of plaster or lightweight fiberglass is applied. Guided by the patient's X-rays, the physician tapes a plastic positioning block onto the cast directly over the fracture site. 1\vo plastic pads containing electrical coils are connected to a portable control module and placed "book end" fashion with Velcro straps so they align with the positioning block at the fracture. By activating the control module attached to the "book ends," the patient creates the necessary electromagnetic field around the fracture site. Bone fractures of the hand may require some eight to ten hours of electrical stimulation for up to several weeks. Ideally, the treatment, which causes no pain, is administered while the patient sleeps. "It's been known for many years that calcium and phosphorus in bone possess electrical properties which can be activated under pressure," Dr. Peimer explains. Astronauts in a state of weightlessness are known to lose bone density because of absence of such pressure. Conversely, those who jog or gain weight and thus increase pressure on bone will increase bone density. While bone healing can be encouraged by applying a negative microelectrical current at fracture sites, too much negative current can cause bone to break down just as it does in presence of positive electrical fields, Dr. • Peimer says. - MBS Improved assays increase accuracy of liver diagnosis N ew or improved, yet simple, assays, or scans, can significantly increase the accuracy of initial diagnosis of liver metastasis, Roswell Park researchers report. After suspicious liver metastasis has been detected by laboratory tests, the liver is scan· ned to identify regions that should be biop· sied. Liver scanning has played a major role in cancer patient evaluation, particularly because of the frequency of liver metastasis in cancer patients and also because the liver is a difficult organ to visualize radiographi· cally, the researchers point out. Currently, several scanning devices and procedures are used, including the isotopic liver scan, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and ultrasonagraphy - the last two being the newest additions to the diagnostic armamentarium. According to Dr. Kondiah L. Parthasarathy, associate chief of Roswell Park's Nuclear Medicine Department, how· ever, all three clinical methods "have about the same degree of sensitivity." In a recent study published in Surgery. Gynecology & Obstetrics, 156:2, February. 1983, Dr. Parthasarathy and his colleagues assessed and compared the effectivenes of both the isotopic liver scan- the "classic" scanning device - and the CT scan in detecting liver metastasis in 40 colorectal cancer patients. The patient sample was, to a great extent, representative of all patients suffering metastatic disease because, as Dr. Parthasarathy points out, "approximately 10 per cent of colorectal cancer patients have associated synchronous metastasis to the liver." All of the patients had either a previous history or exhibited physical findings suggestive of liver m etastasis. Preoperative liver function tests and CT scans were ob· tained on each patient, and 36 had preoperative liver scans. The results of the exploratory surgery were measured against the results of the liver scans, CT scans and alkaline phosphatase levels. "Our study revealed that there is no advantage of using the CT scan over the liver scan," said Dr. Parthasarathy. The accuracy 1 J �Research Briefs 1 J rate of th e liver scan was 81 per cent. with a false-negative rate of 14 per cent, and a false-positive rate of 6 per cent. The accuracy rate of the CT scan was 85 per cent, with a 10 per cent false-negative rate and a 5 per cent false-positive rate. Although not assessed in the Roswell Park study, ultrasonography has been shown to be as accurate as isotopic liver scans. said the physician. "and substantially more cost-effective than CT scans." in similar studies conducted at other institutes. Dr. Parthasarathy contends that each of the three methods is "sound," but agrees that there is "still a need for a relatively simple and more specific scanning tool." Although the isotopic liver scan fared well in this study against a more sophisticated competitor, it is not without its limitations. Demonstration of focal filling defects within the liver by itself does not confirm the presence of metastatic disease; some benign disease may have similar scan features; and lesions less than 2 em. in diameter cannot be detected using presently available instrumentation techniques. "Nevertheless." said Dr. Parthasarathy, "the liver scan. despite its limitations, is still an effective diagnostic tool." • New drug therapy promises help for Parkinson's victims A 1 j n approach to drug therapy for Parkinson's Disease described by an Australian neurologist who visited Buffalo recently suggests that many suffering from this major cause of neurological disability in the elderly may be able to lead more productive lives. Dr. Paul Teychenne says research at NIH and elsewhere suggests that a newer medication in combination with lower initial dosages of older anti-Parkinson drugs appears to delay the adverse side effects which have often accompanied drug treatment for the disease. Formerly on the faculty of George Washington University and now of Sydney, Dr. Teychenne presented his findings to physicians at the Buffalo Veterans Administration Medical Center and Millard Fillmore Hospital's Dent Neurologic Institute May 16. Buffalo is one of a dozen U.S. cities Dr. Teychenne visited in cooperation with Sandoz Pharmaceuticals. Acknowledging the often dramatic results Which levodopa and Sinemet have brought to many Parkinson's patients suffering the triad of dyskinesia, muscle rigidity and bradykinesia, Dr. Teychenne said high doses of the drugs over time could sometimes produce adverse side effects worse than symptoms of the disease. Levodopa, which appeared on the American medical scene in the early 1970s, is converted by enzymes in brain neurons to produce dopamine, an essential chemical for transmitting nerve impulses which control posture and involuntary movement. Research has shown that there is a decline in dopamine among patients diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. "We physicians made a mistake in the early days of levodopa which we did not realize until much later: we followed the pharmacological rule that medication had to be administered in doses large enough to produce adequate levels in plasma in order to really be effective," Dr. Teychenne says. Consequently, on normally high dosages oflevodopa and the subsequently developed anti-Parkinson drugs such as Sinemet. patients would do well for perhaps a year or so. only to fall victim to effects of dyskinesia which came to be associated with " end of dose failure." In these cases. beneficial effects of the drug ceased before time to take the next dose. And in some patients. Dr. Teychenne says, benefits of the drug began to last only an hour or so after administration. Another problem which revealed itself as time passed was the "on-off' phenomenon in which the drug appears to be effective only intermittently, leading to sudden and unpredictable immobility. While not all Parkinson's patients fell victim to these complications, the sufficient numbers who did were a signal for further research and development of new medications. he says. Citing results of current research and his own experience as a neurologist and scientific investigator. Dr. Teychenne advocates getting away from what he terms "the high dose philosophy.'' There is evidence, he says, which suggests patients may be started on lower daily doses than was previously believed -especially on the newer drug bromocriptine mesylate (Parlode!) which acts as a dopamine agonist. While Sinemet and other agents may still be used to control symptoms of Parkinson's intervals to identify the appropriate, therapeutic dosage. bromocriptine typically is started at a dosage of 2.5 mg or less daily. Increasing dosage by 2.5 mg every two to four weeks until desired control of symptoms is observed has produced good results in the majority of patients studied. While maximum effective dosage with bromocriptine' need not usually exceed 15 mg daily, in the higher doses it can cause reversible side effects including m ental disturbances and confusion. Dr. Teychenne also notes. however, that in his experience those on low dose bromocriptine can be given a drug "holiday" from the medication if the level of response appears to drop over time. Then the drug can be restarted with good results. With the best results noted in patients who had never been on levodopa or Sinemet previously, Dr. Teychenne advises that the other drugs may be combined with bromocriptine for these patients. - MBS • Five-year study assesses management of adult asthma A $400,000, five-year study will assess the effectiveness of programs which teach adult asthmatics to participate in management of their disease. Studies previously conducted at UB and elsewhere suggest the "cost" of the condition can be reduced for asthmatic youngsters who participate in such programs. Equally beneficial results for adults, however, have not been extensively evaluated. Dr. Paul Teycbenne discusse1 Parkinson's treatment. Disease in some patients, Dr. Teychenne says he considers bromocriptine a first line medication in bringing improvement in the clinical symptoms of the patient without either "end of dose" or "on-off' complications. Rather than starting with high dosages to achieve desired effects and dropping back at Dr. Michele Hindi-Alexander. director of the study funded by the National Heart. Lung and Blood Institute, says 300 adult asthma patients will participate in the project now underway. Most will be drawn from patient pools at Buffalo General Hospital Allergy Clinic and other UB hospital based BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �asthma treatment centers. Forty patients, randomly selected with mild, moderate and severe asthma, will participate in each of two programs planned each year over the period of the grant. One group will receive an education program consisting of sessions on self-management of asthma; pathophysiology and treatment. They will also receive peak flow meters to allow them to measure daily and record for one year, the amount of air they can blow from their lungs. The second group will receive the education program only; the third, only the peak flow meter devices for home use. The fourth group will receive neither. · At the end of the study, however, those who were not given peak flow meters and education programs will receive them. Dr. Alexander is hopeful the study will show how effectively patients in each of the groups were able to reduce the "cost" of their disease using the various techniques. Each year, she notes, asthmatics or thirdparty payers spend $62 million on hospitalization and another $540 million on medications and other treatments. These figures do not include "costs" of lost work days and absenteeism from school, or reductions in quality of life. Dr. Alexander and Dr. Elliott Middleton Jr., head of UB's Division of Allergy, believe if self-management can be equally beneficial to adults as well as younger patients, a majority will be able to reduce these "costs." The more patients learn to recognize and deal with early signs of oncoming attacks, the Jess likely it is that the device will restrict their normal activities. Hospital stays and emergency room visits can frequently be reduced, too, when the patients know how to pre-medicate prior to exposure to known "triggers" and perhaps Jearn to help reduce stress which may contribute to the severity of an attack, Dr. Middleton points out. During the study, participants will be questioned on their abilities to perform tasks they must do regularly and those they would like to do. This measurement of functional disability, says Dr. Alexander is a new application to the evaluation of asthma which has not been used in studies elsewhere. While Drs. Middleton and Alexander do not anticipate the study will produce "cures" for asthmatics, they do believe it will help many of them learn to understand their disease better so it interferes less with the quality of their lives. Also working with the study are research assistants Victoria Koprucki and Diane McGranor and consultants Drs. Robert Reisman, Elliot Ellis, and Maria Zielezky, and Robert Klocke. - MBS • Hangovers may play role in combating alcoholism T hose distasteful hangovers which can accompany drinking may actually be good for you, according to new evidence released by UB researchers. Findings of the studies suggest that, despite the unpleasant symptoms of hangovers, those who don't experience them after overimbibing appear more likely to become problem drinkers than those who do. UB's Dr. Cedric Smith said that while the likelihood of a hangover increases as one drinks more alcohol, approximately 50 per cent of those categorized as heavy drinkers or recovering alcoholics reported they did not have hangovers in their recent drinking years. 1\venty-three per cent said they had never had a hangover. 20 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN "While we would expect to find less incidence of hangovers among those classified as light to moderate drinkers, it was surprising to find that such a high percentage of heavy drinkers and those who had been classified as alcoholics had not had them," said Smith, a UB professor of pharmacology and therapeutics. Smith conducted the studies with Grace Barnes, staff scientist at the US-affiliated Research Institute on Alcoholism, UB medical student Cynthia A. Pristach, and Dr. Robert B. Whitney of UB and Erie County Medical Center (ECMC). Noting there has been little systematic research on either frequency and symptoms of hangovers or their relationship to alcohol consumption, the researchers studied a sample of 1041 adults in Erie and Niagara counties and 43 others admitted to the inpatient Alcoholism Service at ECMC. Smith said in light of the interesting results, another study involving some 3000 adults will be initiated to look at alcohol consumption, incidence of hangovers and hangover symptoms in three population groups: college sophomores, adults in the general population and alcoholics who are receiving treatment. "While we are not saying that all heavy drinkers who fail to have hangovers will become alcoholics, our findings do suggest that those who do not have hangovers may be more at risk for developing patterns later which are associated with problem drinking," Smith emphasized. "Although outright 'aversion therapy' is currently used in only a few alcoholic treatment centers nationally, it may be found that those who learn early that one bad hangover is simply not worth the extra drinks the night before, subsequently limit alcohol consumption," Smith suggested. • �Studants Med School Follies: Low humor, high spirits Thr humor wa1 predidably low, but 1pirit1 wrn high in the Golden Ballroom of the Hotel Statlrr, April 24, ., the annual crowd-9lra1iDg Mrdical School Fo/Jir1 unfoldrd befon a large audient:r. Tbi1 rnd-of-tbr-yrar rvrnt enablr1 1tudents to let oH 1team whilr harpooning the profr11ion and thrir profr11or1. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 21 �--------· By JOHN K. LAPIANA Questions Medical sociologist asks the Class of 1983 to weigh value of transplants & dialysis I n the late 1960s, Betty Crocker symbolized more than just readymade frostings and devil's food cake mixes. For thousands of Buffalo schoolchildren, saving Crocker product boxtops meant saving lives. At that time, General Mills, manufacturer of the Betty Crocker line, promised to purchase costly kidney dialysis machines for area hospitals if grammar school children collected the required target number of boxtops. It was not long before mothers discovered ransacked cupboards, their contents strewn about, and decapitated Potato Buds boxes - the victims of grade schoolers' blitzkriegs. Despite the kidney machines' high costs. the campaign proved profitable for both General Mills and the young participants. Each box top returned meant a Betty Crocker product had been purchased, thereby fattening General Mills' coffers. The children benefitted, too, according to sociologist of medicine Renee C. Fox, by "being taught to care about others, to have some responsibility" and through the campaign to recognize "dialysis as symbolically associated with the basic values of our society.'' Actions like the Betty Crocker/kidney dialysis campaign exemplify how "American life, dialysis and organ transplantation are interwoven into a collective consciousness," Fox said. She noted, however, that although society currently accepts transplants and dialysis as both important and "logical" steps in combating some diseases, "disquieting" questions are being raised concerning the .necessity of these practices and possible psychological effects they can inflict on the receiver, donor and, consequently, the physician. "We seem to be in a societal mood for getting some clarification on whether we ought to be doing what we are doing (dialysis and trans~lan~tion)," Fox explained prior to dehvermg the keynote address for the School of Medicine's 137th Commencement. "There is fear and trembling associated with some of the recent advancements in medicine such as genetic engineering, and apprehension as to the unforeseen effects of manipulating bio-science." Z2 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Author of the widely-acclaimed book, The Courage to Fail: A Social View of Organ 1tansplants and Dialysis (with Judith P. Swazey), Fox has examined the non-medical, sociological and psychological impact of transplants and dialysis as well as the medical community's reaction to rapid, almost daily, advancements in those areas. A s part of her doctoral research at Harvard's Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Fox chronicled the birth of dialysis and transplantation, two fields pioneered by the Brigham staff. "I was there when organ transplants first came into use," she said. "I had privileged access to the human, ethical, sociological and bio-medical point of view (of the procedures)." Fox noted that since the advent of dialysis and transplantation in the early 1950s, each has "been a lightning rod and symbolic center of medical and scientific as well as general societal issues. "The whole question of whether I am my brother's keeper takes on new meaning in organ transplantation," she said. "The operation asks us to give of ourselves in a very literal way." And, Fox advises, it is not a question just for the donor to answer. "The physician, donor's family and the recipient are all part of the act which asks deep philosophical questions," she said, adding that many body organs, most notably the heart, have deep, cultural "symbolic meanings.'' ·'We believe the heart is a privileged organ,'· Fox explained. ·'We are awed by it as opposed to the liver or kidneys." (Clockwise from top) Class speaker William Hanavan at Med Commencement; signing the Great Book of Physicians; taking the oath. Many participants in the transplantation process believe, she said, that the recipient of an organ will assume characteristics of the donor. "For many, we discovered, (organ transplantation) is an anthropomorphic experience," Fox noted, "pervaded with the sense that part of the donor's self, personality and character, and life history have been transmitted to the recipient along with the transplanted organ." Her research, Fox told the graduation audience , revolves around three "theme" issues- uncertainty, gift exchange and the allocation of scarce resources. The "key problem" concerning uncertainty, she said, "is the innate and unrelenting intolerance of individuals to other people's tissues and organs." She noted that new drugs are being tested by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which chemically attempt to decrease the possibility of arecipient rejecting a donated organ. In an upcoming collection of essays, Fox and Swazey are authoring a chapter on the "advent" of cyclosporin, "a new and promising immunosuppressive drug for dealing with rejection reaction." Currently, cyclosporin is on the FDA's �• Medical School News Reuee Fox is graduating, too trausplauts. from iuvolvemeut witb ui 0 ~ 0 cii § I 0.. "fast track" toward federal approval for regular use. "Although we ardently share the hope that cyclosporine will bring the advances in immunosuppressive therapy that are anticipated, and that some day the rejection reaction will be overcome," she said, "we find ourselves responding to the current celebration of cyclosporine with wariness. skepticism, and a tired sense of deja vu." According to Fox, cyclosporin may be just another in a series of drugs which have appeared during the last few decades, and been hailed at one time or another as a "wonder drug" - only to be found ineffective or even harmful. F ox structured additional research around "the theme of the gift," an area, she said, suggested to her from "the professional and popular literature (Which) were filled with metaphorical references to the 'gift of life' that dialysis, and especially organ transplantation represented." While transplantation may ultimately save a life, it may also cause a psychological "tyranny" on those involved in the process. "In organ transplantation, we came to realize, what is given and received is so extraordinary and unreciprocal, that it can lock donor, recipient and kin in a perpetual creditor-debtor vise," she said, thereby creating deep psychological as well as physical scars. In studying the gift exchange and rejection phenomenon, Fox discovered her "thematic" research area - resource allocation to costly medical treatments. Not only was the assignment of "scarce resources" such as medical dollars and limited equipment and facilities considered by them, Fox said, but she and Swazey also pinpointed attention on "the availability of transplantable organs, the willingness of persons to give of themselves to others in this form. and the vast personnel, talent. time, skill, energy, commitment, and compassion needed to care for patients with end-stage diseases who received dialysis and/or organ transplants." These intangible ingredients. she said, involved the "generosity and hope, devotion and suffering" of all involved in the transplantation process, including the medical professionals. The 1972 passage of Public Law 92-603 raised new questions in the transplantation field, by providing funds for transplantation and dialysis through Medicare, and creating, Fox said, a "mini-national health insurance program. "In principle, the coverage of most of the treatment costs of dialysis and transplantation covered by the law should have solved the difficult allocation of scarce resources which beset this therapy in the 1960s," she theorized. However, the law's passage only created additional worries and philosophical questions for doctors and legislators to ponder. Because of the availability of funds, virtually'no patient was denied dialysis or organ transplantation no matter what the disease or which stage it was in. "Both consciously and unconsciously, physicians suspended all biomedical as well as psychological and social criteria of judgement concerning who should be dialyzed and who not," Fox explained. "The availability of funds had also contributed to the rapid growth of proprietary dialysis centers, and to escalating discussions about the economic and ethical justification of profit-making in the provision of lifemaintaining treatments." Paralleling other medical costs, the funds the government must dole out for dialysis have skyrocketed. Originally, Congress predicted that the total Federal outlay would be in the $90-$110 million range, but the estimated costs in 1980 were $1 billion and experts project the figure to balloon to $4.6 billion by 1990. "The big question in the 1960s, 'why are we not providing abunBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • Z3 �dant resources for this life sustaining treatment?'," Fox noted, "has rapidly been giving way to 'why are we?' ." In response to the recent implantation of an artificial heart into dentist Barney Clark, Fox will visit Utah, where the operation was held, and interview the participants involved in the operation for another essay in her forthcoming book. F or Fox, speaking at a medical school commencement had a deeper additional meaning than just advising graduates about important bio-ethical issues. The nation's pre-eminent medical sociologist announced that she, too, was "graduating" - from studying transplants and dialysis. "I have been an observer, recorder, and analyst of (medical edu cation and the makings of a doctor)," she told the graduates. "Like you. I have learned from it, and been altered by it - albeit in a more vicarious way.·· While vow- ing to continue her work as a sociologist of medicine, Fox said her research on d ialysis and tran splan tation will be retired, a decision s h ared by h er collaborator, J u dith Swazey, a h istorian of medicine and science. "The reasons we are calling a moratorium on th is aspect of our research and writing are related to the human condition dimensions of medical work that endow it with its most profound meaning," she said, "and that also exact its heaviest toll from men and women like yourselves who undertake it. "The picture of an empty thoracic cavity awaiting the implantation of a heart and lungs from a b rain -dead donor at Stanford," she said, "and the sight of petitioning parents and t h eir tiny, dying children with huge eyes, bloated b ellies, pale hair and ochrecolored skin who made pilgrimages to Pittsburgh in the hope of obtaining a liver transplant, are indelibly etched in us." • The Hooding ceremouy. Sample confers 134 M.D:s, 20 Ph.D:s at I 37th Commencement U B President Steven B. Sample conferred the M.D. degree on 134 individuals and the Ph.D. on 20 others at the 137th Commencement. Karin Klingman. editor of the School's annual, The Iris, dedicated the 1983 edition to Dr. Thomas D. Flanagan. professor of microbiology. The graduating physicians were led in the Oath of Hippocrates by Medical Dean John Naughton and in the Charge ofMaimonides 24 • BUFFA LO PHYSICIAN Presideut Sample bauds out degree. by associate medical dean Dr. Leonard A. Katz. Dr. John A. Richert, assistant dean, supervised the graduates in the signing of the Book of Physicians. Hooding was conducted by Drs. Robert Mcisaac, James Nolan and Linda Pessar. Invocation and benediction were offered by Rabbi Joseph D. Herzog. The following awards were presented by Dr. Paul Davis: Thesis Honors: Lilly M. Barba, Edward J . Coleman, Cynthia A. Pristach and Allen D. Rosen; Baccelli Award: Eric Wittkugel; Gilbert M. Beck Memorial Prize in Psychiatry: Annette McDermott; Buffalo Surgical Society Prize: Edward J. Coleman; Children's Hospital Prize: Eric Wittkugel; Dean's Award: Margaret Kadree; Gordon S. Ehrlich Memorial Award: Eric Wittkugel. Bernhardt & Sophie B. Gottlieb Award: Kevin Ferentz; Norman Baber Memorial Award: David Rosenfeld; Dr. Heinrich Leonhardt Prize in Surgery: Laura Rosenberg; Bans J. Lowenstein Award in Obstetrics: John Feldenzer; Maimonides Medical Society Award: Annette McDermott; Medical Alumni Association Award: Lonny Behar; David K. Miller Prize in Medicine: Gregory Zuccaro; John R. Paine Award in Surgery: Allen Rosen. Mark A. Petrino Award: Michael Wenzel; Clyde L. Randall Society Award in Gynecology-Obstetrics: Suzanne Meyers; Emilie Davis Rodenberg Memorial Award: Antoinette Mangione; Philip P. Sang Memorial Award: Gregory Zuccaro; Morris & Sadie Stein Neuroanatomy Award: Keith Goldstein; Upjohn Award: James Corasanti; John Watson Award in Medicine: James Corasanti; Frederick B. Wilkes Pediatric Award: Therese Giglia. Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society: Carol Brumbalow, James Corasanti, Brooke Durland, John Feldenzer, Patricia Flanagan, Keith Goldstein, Gerald Grass. William Hanavan, Mitchell Karmel, Stephen Kinsman, Brian Lipman, Annette McDermott. Kenneth Murray, Gwenn Nichols, Robert Noble, Bernhard Rohrbacker, Allen Rosen, Eugene Ver, Stuart Wernikoff, Eric Wittkugel and Gregory Zuccaro. • �Medical School News HIDI seeks ideas for health devices T he newly-established Health Instrument and Device Institute (HIDI), co-sponsored by the State of New York, is asking faculty both to help in development of novel health care instrumentation and to submit ideas concerning health care needs that could be met by technological solutions. School of Medicine Dean John Naughton is director of HIDI with Dr. Michael Anbar, chairman of the Department of Biophysical Sciences, serving as executive director. A memo circulated by the Institute encourages faculty to propose the development of specific novel instruments and devices to be used for health care, in diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of patients or in preventive medicine. Instruments that would interest the Institute, the memo explains, can be electronic, mechanical, electrical or a combination of these. They may be applicable to any health-related problem. The only criterion that must be met is "commercial marketability." The Institute will, however, give preference to devices that can be mass produced, since mass production "might provide a significant increase in employment in New York State and Western New York in particular." H IDI's policy will be to entitle the inventor to 40 per cent of the royalties the Institute receives from the sale of proprietary ideas or know-how to industry. The inventor will also be given the option to participate personally in the reduction of the idea to practice, the memo indicates, "if the InStitute receives appropriate industrial support to cover the expenses of the Preliminary phase of R&D." The Institute will use most of its discretionary funds to reduce to practice highly promising ideas that can be marketed. Inventors who actively participate in such a venture, without remuneration, will benefit from the higher royalties generally received in such cases, according to the HIDI memo. Another option for an inventor is to co-sponsor the R&D effort financially, Under a special agreement, benefiting from a 1 to 1 cost-sharing by the State and possibly from an additional contribution from HIDI's discretionary funds. Ideas submitted for evaluation will be kept in confidence and will remain pro- prietary to HIDI during the period of preliminary evaluation. Ideas not selected by the Institute will revert to the proposer and HIDI will retain no rights to them. The proposer will be notified within two months of the disposition of the idea. In the case an idea is not adopted for further study, HIDI will disclose in confidence to the proposer the reasons for its decision. Forms for disclosure of proposed novel technological ideas are being circulated with the memo and are also available in HIDI's temporary office, 118 Cary Hall. Forms may be directed to that address or be handed personally to Dr. An bar who, the memo says, will, upon request, be ready to sign a confidentiality agreement with an inventor. same HIDI forms as ideas for health care instrumentation. However, no confidentiality agreement will be used in these cases, the memo points out. • I n addition to novel ideas on potential devices, HIDI is soliciting ideas on needs in health care that could be met by appropriate technological solutions. "Even if you do not have a plausible solution in mind, but are aware of a definite need," faculty are being told, "you are invited to submit your conceived need to HIDI." The Institute will then examine the suggested need to determine whether it is novel and whether its existence is corroborated by health care personnel confronted with the same circumstances. If it is agreed that a non-existing technological solution is desirable, HIDI will solicit experts for ideas for such solutions. If a solution is proposed that is eventually adopted by HIDI for development and marketing, the person who first identified the need will be entitled to 4 per cent of the royalties received by the Institute; the inventor of the viable solution will receive 36 per cent of royalties. Unlike the case of technological device disclosures, HIDI will retain all needs disclosures in its files for further reference on a non-exclusive basis, The proposers will be entitled to financial remuneration if the need is technologically addressed by HIDI within two years from the date of disclosure. If more than one person recognizes the same need by filing a disclosure, all the proposers will equally share the need-finder's reward, the HIDI memo states. If the same need has been addressed by an inventor who suggests a viable solution to it, the inventor is entitled to the full 40 per cent reward. In the latter case, however, the other persons who identified the same need will not be eligible for any compensation. Identification of needs for technological solutions can be disclosed on the Dr. Michael Anbar AMA contributes SS800 to School T he School of Medicine has received a $5,843.61 gift from the American Medical Association's Education and Research Foundation, Dean John Naughton announced recently. According to a County Medical Society spokesperson, the gift was made possible through voluntary dues paid by local and national AMA members to support medical education. Doctors can request their contributions be given to a specific school or to medical research and education in general, thereby leaving disbursement to the Education and Research Foundation's discretion. After the ERF collects the pledged funds, it then awards the annual gifts to medical schools and other research centers. With the assistance of various local auxiliaries, the ERF collected over $1.4 million for awards during its 1982 campaign. While the AMA places no restrictions on the use of its gifts by recipient schools, it does request to be informed on the award's disbursement so "donors can be informed on the impact of their dollars.·' Helping to coordinate this year's effort were Edmund J. Gicewicz, M.D., president of the County Medical Society and Mrs. Kumao Sako, Auxiliary president. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 25 �------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. By WENDY ARNDT HUNT Man who created 'Head Start' runs Warner Rehab Center W hy, some · have asked, was Cooke who created the Head Start would the man responsible program, now annually funded with for the creation of the Head one billion dollars, and Cooke who adStart program who retired vised JFK on the necessity of Univerto sail the coast of Martha's sity Affiliated Facilities for the Mentally Vineyard, move to Buffalo? Retarded, which were built as ideal "There's nothing wrong with Buffalo. clinical care and training centers. If Buffalo is to be criticized, it's because Almost every state in the Union has a of its inferiority complex," said Dr. U.A.F. today. Robert E. Cooke, 62, who traveled west"Cooke came from the outside. He ward about a year ago with his wife and saw what needed to be done. And he's baby daughter to become the medical doing it," said Dr. Robert Guthrie, the director of Robert Warner RehabilUB professor of pediatrics who disitation Center at Children's Hospital covered in 1961 the newborn screening and UB's A. Conger Goodyear professor test that detects phenylketonuria, PKU, of pediatrics. an inherited metabolic error that can His wife, Sharon, said that because of damage the brain. Guthrie, who met all the negative publicity about the Cooke almost 20 years ago when they ~ity that suffered the Blizzard of '77, :.:: they did have reservations, but since ~ they have settled into their Orchard ~ Park home, they have found nothing u; but friendship and good times here. 12 Susan, their precocious two-year-old ~ toddler, has decided to grow up to Cl. become a goalie for the Buffalo Sabres. Cooke came to Buffalo, he said, (Above) Dr. Coolce witb baby daughter, (at right) witb patient at Rehab Center. because he wanted to synthesize the many experiences of his life to make a more creative rehabilitation center in Buffalo. He has brought with him not only experiences that span ye~s of t~achi~g at a prestigious Amencan umverstty and involvement on federal commissions, including John F. Kennedy's President's Panel on Mental Retardation, but also impressive credentials. It 26 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN were bot~ guests on the Thday Show, said that his esteemed colleague is a tremendous resource person. Buffalo is fortunate to have the man who knows everyone who is anyone in maternal and child health, mental retardation and handicap prevention, Guthrie believes. A s Cooke sat in his small office overlooking Delaware Avenue and talked about himself, his fingers traced invisible lines on the arm of his chair. His head was bent, his eyes hidden, as though concentrating on the words and sentences he was rapidly piecing together to describe his career .... While attending medical school at Yale University, Cooke was drawn to the branch of medicine that deals with the development, care and diseases of children, because of the influential head of the pediatrics department: Dr. Grover Powers. After obtaining his M.D. �----------------------------------------------------------------- People in 1944 and serving two years in the Army Medical Corps. Cooke returned to Yale and delved into not only pediatrics, but also physiology and biochemistry. In 1956, he transferred to Johns Hopkins University, where he remained as pediatrician-in-chief for the next 17 years. During the decade of the '50s, Cooke became a father to five children. His eldest daughter, Wendy, now 29, was born severely retarded as was Robyn. who died a few years ago. Cooke shares this sorrow with Guthrie, whose 35year-old son is also mentally retarded. While Cooke was a professor at Johns Hopkins, he became associated with the Kennedys. The famous family had turned to Johns Hopkins for help in researching mental retardation, which they had also had to cope with personally. The relationship has endured to this day. Since 1968, he has chaired the Scientific Advisory Board of the Joseph P. Kennedy. Jr. Foundation. "This association," Cooke said, "made it possible for me to influence public policy. especially regarding retarded children." When JFK was elected president, Cooke was asked to become one of five transition task force members to formulate health and welfare programs that the incoming administration Would advocate. Some of their ideas were translated into Medicare, Medicaid and the National Institute of Child Health. The Institute, Cooke said, has been a major contributor to pediatric research. During Kennedy's aborted term. Cooke was named to the President's Panel on Mental Retardation. Three Nobel Prize winners sat alongside him to articulate 90 recommendations. 80 of which were instituted. ---- "Cooke saw what needed to ---.._ke done. And he's doing it." - ROBERT GUTHRIE After being appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to the Office of Economic Opportunities, Sargent Shriver (husband of Eunice Kennedy) asked Cooke to help him expand the Great Society. Cooke created Head Start. Both professionally and personally, Cooke likes kids. "He finds them fascinating," said his wife, who laughingly added that, of course, she's biased. But she sees another side of the man. She watches as he romps with their baby daughter and glories in her growth. The Cookes met while she was an assistant to the medical dean and he the vice chancellor for health sciences at the University of Wisconsin at Madison. Dr. Cooke had left Johns Hopkins to study medical ethics at Harvard University's divinity school, before moving on to Wisconsin, after which he took over as president of the Medical College of Pennsylvania. ' ' One tends, in life, to recombine, which leads to new directions," Cooke mused as he explained his goals for the rehabilitation center. Besides increasing the volume of community service and broadening the capabilities of the existing clinics, Cooke wants to establish three new ones. The newborn intensive care follow-up clinic has already been started. Working with the neonatalogists at Children's Hospital, the staff at the rehabilitation center will follow the high-risk babies and develop interventions for any identified problems. Because of - in part - the increasing number of children who suffer head injuries because of automobile accidents, Cooke wants to establish a brain injury clinic. Physical, behavioral and emotional problems can all be blamed on brain injuries. Cooke anticipates working in conjunction with Guthrie and the Western New York Thsk Force on Prevention of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities. And, in cooperation with US's Department of Physical Therapy and School of Medicine, Cooke wants to develop a gait analysis program that would guide the treatment of children with neurologic deficits and limb problems. "I am impressed with US's cooperative spirit," Cooke said, noting that he is collaborating on several projects with faculty from several departments. With words of sincerity. he emphasized that he is happy to be in Buffalo. Buffalo is honored to have him here. • Husband-wife team receive major grants team at Roswell A husband-and-wife Park Memorial Institute have received more than $500,000 in grants to continue their pioneering research in allergic disorders and heart disease. Drs. J. Craig Venter and Claire M. Fraser were the first to identify presence of Beta-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies in patients with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis as well as cystic fibrosis. Dr. Fraser was the first scientist to create monoclonal antibodies to cell surface Beta-adrenergic receptors which play an important role in such functions as relaxation of airway smooth muscle. The two scientists have been awarded a three-year $423,000 grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease to screen 200 patients at NIH and Children's Hospital's Allergy Unit for presence of the autoantibodies to Beta receptors in sera. Drs. Venter and Fraser's discovery of the autoantibodies two years ago has been hailed as a "breakthrough." The autoantibodies they identified appear to act as "blockers" of the beta receptors, possibly preventing epinephrine and epinephrine-like compounds from relaxing airway smooth muscle in asthmatics and others with allergic disorders. Dr. Fraser's $91,000 three-year-grant from the American Heart Association will focu~ on development of monoclonal antibodies to the cardiac Betaadrenergic receptors. Part of her research will focus on whether antigenic determinants recognized by the monoclonal antibodies are inside or outside the ligand-binding site of the cardiac Beta-receptor molecule. In addition, more precise determination of the antigenic determinants not available using other techniques may be made using the monoclonal antibodies. Ultimately, the research to be conducted by Dr. Fraser may contribute valuable information which could pave the way for improved drugs to treat heart disease and hypertension. Dr. Venter is Associate Chief of the Department of Molecular Immunology at Roswell Park Memorial Institute and an adjunct professor of biochemical pharmacology at UB. Dr. Fraser, a research instructor at UB, is a cancer research scientist in molecular immunology at RPM!. • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �People DR. FRANCIS J. KLOCKE, CHIEF OF THE UB Division of Cardiology, served as a co-chairman for a prestigious National Heart. Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) workshop in Bethesda. Md., June 7 and 8. Titled "Outcome of Percutaneous TI-ansluminal Coronary Angioplasty," the workshop was attended by som:e 40 leading cardiologists and cardiac surgeons. Goals of the workshop are to review baseline and results of the NHLBI registry for the coronary procedure and to assess new developments related to it. A further goal is to identify future research directions in this area. • GRANTS TOTALING $210,561 HAVE BEEN AWARDed to four researchers at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. ,.. Dr. Thomas B. Shows, Human Genetics Department. a $82,727 grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development to study celf hybrids as an approach to human development. ,.. Dr. Robert Rein, Experimental Pathology Department. a $54,780 grant from the National Foundation of Cancer Research to study the interactions of carcinogens and anticancer drugs with DNA and proteins. ,.. Dr. Harold C. Box, Biophysics Department, a $48,989 grant from the National Cancer Institute to study transfer mecha n isms in irradiated biological systems. ,.. Dr. Clara M. Ambrus, Biological Resources Department, a $24,065 grant from the March of Dimes to investigate the use of enzyme reactors for the management of phenylketonuria. • eluding the Buffalo Surgical Society, he is the son of the late Dr. Eugene Michael Sullivan, Sr., a well-known Buffalo area physician who died earlier this year. The senior Dr. Sullivan was a 1926 graduate of the School of Medicine and son of the late Dr. Michael A. Sullivan, a Buffalo area physician who was a graduate of the old Niagara Medical School. New Alumni President Sullivan and his wife, the former Roberta Ann Falkner of Orchard Park, have four children: Colleen, 15; E.M. III, 13; and twins, Amy and Aleen, 12. They live in Boston Hills. Other officers elected include Dr. Carmelo Armenia (Class of '49), vice president; Dr. Charles J. Tanner (Class of '43), treasurer; and Dr. Frank J. Bolgan (Class of '51), exhibits chariman. Also named were Dr. Franklin Zeplowitz (Class of '58) and Council at the Society's 36th annual meeting, April 30-May 4, in Denver. The Society of Surgical Oncology is dedicated to defining and promoting the surgeon's role in oncology. Originally founded in 1940 as the James Ewing Society, in honor of the renowned surgical pathologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, the Society today has an active membership of over 800 distinguished oncologists, pathologists, and surgeons. • DR. BRIAN J. D'ARCY HAS BEEN ELECTED A fellow of the American College of Cardiology. • MISS DEBRA S. SALTER, SOPHOMORE MEDICAL student, has successfully competed for aresearch grant from the Smith Kline Beckman Foundation for a project in "Five~ear Follow- GARY P. ANDELORA HAS BEEN NAMED Western New York Regional Representative of the Medical Society of New York, replacing Harry J. Dexter, who has retired after nearly 20 years. Mr. Andelora was formerly assistant director of continuing medical education at the UB School of Medicine. Prior to that, he was employed as a secondary school teacher in the West Seneca Central School System. • DR. EUGENE MICHAEL SULLIVAN JR., A GENeral/vascular surgeon with offices in Hamburg and Lackawanna, was elected president of the UB Medical Alumni Association at a business session May 7. A 1963 graduate of UB's School of Medicine, Dr. Sullivan received the B.A. in chemistry here and graduated from Manlius Military Academy. A member of the Board of Directors of Our Lady of Victory Hospital, he is on the surgical staff at OLV. South Buffalo Mercy Hospital and the Erie County Medical Center. A Diplomate of the American Board of Surgery and a Fellow in the American College of Surgeons, Dr. Sullivan interned at South Buffalo Mercy and received his residency training at Erie County Medical Center, then E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital. A former captain in the U.S. Army, he served as medical advisor to the Korean Army and was a mem her of the surgical service at Valley Forge Hospital. Active in professional organizations in28 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN New Medical Alumni officers: (from left) Drs. Zeplowitz, Tanner, Sullivan and Bolgan. Dr. John Przylucki (Class of '73), senior reception chairman. • DR. ARTHUR J. SCHAEFER, CLINICAL ASSOciate professor of ophthalmology, was a guest speaker at the 35th Annual Conference of the Wills Eye Hospital and Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia on February 17. 18 and 19. He took part in a symposium on Ocular, Orbital and Eyelid Thmors. He gave a paper on the Resection of Malignant Eyelid Thmors and the Ophthalmic Plastic Reconstruction necessary following their removal. He also gave a paper in the Oculoplastic Surgery Workshop which included cosmetic and functional eyelid surgery. • DR. GERALD P. MURPHY, DIRECTOR OF ROSwell Park Memorial Institute in Buffalo, has completed a successful term as the president of the Society of Surgical Oncology, and was elected 1983 chairman of the Executive Up Study on Alcohol Intake Among Ob and Gyn Patients." This, under the auspices of the Department of Family Medicine. • DR. LYNDA M.K. HOHMANN, M.D., PGY-.2 OF the Department of Family Medicine Residency Program, has been awarded the Mead Johnson Award for outstanding resident in Family Medicine. This is a national award involving a monetary grant of $ 1,500, along with an all-expense paid trip to the Convention of the American Academy of Family Physicians, and other considerations. • DR. DANIEL J. MORELLI HAS BEEN NAMED VICE chairman of the Department of Family Medicine. • DR. DOUGLAS H. MOFFAT IS THE NEW DIRECtor of the Deaconess Family Medicine Center, 840 Humboldt Pkwy. This is the family practice center for the residency program in Family Medicine at UB. • �Alumni Reception Alumn~ Association honors Class of 1983 at the Gallery The Sculpture Court of the Albright-Knox Art Gallery was the badrdrop for the Medical Alumni Association's annual reception for graduating Medical School seniors, April24. The elegant affair featured a handsome buffet and classical music. �........................ By MARY BETH SPINA Sntoking is No. 1 threat to the heart ( Top) Dr. Robert J. Hall of the Texas Heart Institute. (Bottom this page) View of well-attended general Clinical Day session at Tbe Marriott. (Bottom, facing page) Exhibits area was crowded. I fyou want to cut the odds you 'll be among the millions who ann ually die of cardiovascular disease and stroke, kick the nicotine habit, advises the Thxas Heart Institute's medical director Dr. Robert J. Hall. In Buffalo to address the UB Medical Alumni Association's Spring Clinical Day at the Marriott Inn, May 7, the 1948 UB medical graduate said in an interview that smoking remains the number one risk factor associated with heart disease. "Of th e patients I've referred for coronary bypass surgery, 75 per cent were cigarette smokers,'' the cardiologist noted. Some 30 per cent suffered from hypertension; another 12 per cent from diabetes mellitus. Fifty to 60 per cent had family histories of card iovascular disease. Studies show, he emphasized, that cessation of smoking does more to reduce mortality from heart disease than dietary restrictions or regular exercise. "Certainly the benefits of these cannot be discounted," he added, "but statistically they do not appear to significantly alter risk." Nearly all the advances which have improved the outlook for those suffering from the nation's number one killer have occurred in the past 35 years, and Dr. Hall is excited by the potential promised by treatments either on the drawing board or in clinically experimental stages in the 1980s. One of the most promising appears to be delivery of therapeutic agents directly to the heart. The thrombolytic agent streptokinase, injected into artery or vein, for instance, appears to seek out, attack and destroy damaging blood clots. Removal of clots soon after formation could minimize damage to heart muscle by cutting the time vital tissue is deprived of oxygen. "Another exciting development is made possible by gene manipulation," he said. This involves manufacture of tissue plasminogen activator, or t-pa, "a naturally lytic substance, which could actually dissolve blood clots which accumulate in arteries." 'fracing the advances in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, Dr. Hall cited development of coronary angiography in the 1960s as an accomplishment which significantly 30 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN aided physicians in making more precise diagnoses. "Thirty-five years ago, physicians couldn't give patients the details on their heart disorders, primarily because we didn't have that much information ourselves," he pointed out. The 1970s brought coronary bypass surgery, which has increased longevity and quality of life especially for those with angina which has not responded to more conservative treatment. Heart transplants caught the public's attention in the 1960s, Dr. Hall said, but mortality rates were disappointing. Because of complications related to immunosuppression and rejection of donor hearts by recipients' natural defense mechanisms, the Thxas Heart Institute and its affiliated surgeons ceased to perform the procedure from 1969 until 1981, he indicated. " Recent development of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin, however, has increased success of other organ transplants and created renewed interest in the heart procedure. In 1982, surgeons at St. Luke's Hospital headed by Dr. Denton Cooley performed seven heart transplant operations. Placed on cyclosporin, six of the patients are alive today, showing no signs of organ rejection or recurrent infection associated with immunosuppression. Three heart-lung transplants performed in Houston have not fared as well, however, nor have three artificial replacement heart recipients. Failures of some of the more exotic surgical techniques which were admittedly performed on critically ill patients who had no other option but death should not cloud the accomplishments which daily save many others with heart disease, Dr. Hall contended. Aside from those who have been saved by medical advancements in cluding vasodilators, anticoagulants and coronary bypass surgery, others born with heart defects, which 40 years ago would have spelled a shortened lifespan, are today leading normal lives. "The 'blue babies', the ones born with tetralogy of Falot, had a limited life expectancy, when I began medical practice,' ' Dr. Hall recalled. T he prognosis for those with various forms of cardiovascular disease appears brighter today than ever before, h e said. "It's encouraging that the mortality �-~=---------------------------------------------------------------------- Spring Clinical Day rate attributed to heart disease has declined in the past few years.·· he noted. And while even a panel of experts in the field could not isolate the single factor to which the decline could be attributed, a combination of better diagnostic tools, improved treatment, and availability of specialized coronary care units should be credited. Just as important as any of these. though. are public and physician education programs which have led more to quit smoking and adopt regimens which emphasize prevention of heart disease . . "The advances are steadily increasIng the effectiveness of treatment of cardiovascular disease - but prevention is infinitely preferable," Dr. Hall emphasized. During the meeting, Dr. Hall, a clinical professor of medicine at Baylor College of Medicine, discussed "Treat?lent of You, The Physician, Pre, DurIng and Post Myocardial Infarction" and "Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Long Thrm Effect.·· Other presentations during the meeting included UB medical dean Dr. John Naughton, who developed the Widely used Naughton stress test to as~.ess physical fitness. speaking on Rehabilitation Exercises and Stress Testing;" "Intra Aortic Balloon Pumping" by Dr. Theodore L. Biddle. associate professor of medicine at the University of Rochester and director, Intensive Care Unit at Strong Memorial Hospital; "Surgical Treatment of Acute Evolving Myocardial Infarctions." by Dr. Jack J. Leonard, thoracic cardiovascular surgeon, Sacred Heart Medical Center, Spokane, Washington, and Dr. Peter A. Rossi, Lenox Hill Hospital, who spoke on "Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty." • Commercialization, feminization lie ahead for the practice of medicine I ncreasing commercialization, decreasing numbers of family practitioners and a growing feminization lie ahead for the profession of medicine, Dr. E. Grey Dimond, distinguished professor at the University of Missouri, predicted during the annual Stockton Kimball Lecture at the Medical Alumni Spring Clinical Day, May 7. at the Buffalo Marriott. More than 350 medical alumni jammed the hotel meeting rooms for this 46th annual event making it the most successful and enthusiastic ever, according to Dean John Naughton. Thn classes holding reunions set another record, presenting the School of Medicine an all-time high of $52,500 in reunion gifts for a variety of projects ranging from faculty ·development to programs directly benefiting medical students. The class of 1958 distinguished itself further with a gift of $12,525, the largest amount presented by a single medical class in the history of the Class Gifts Program. Five years ago, said Dr. Dimond, the medical profession viewed socialized medicine as the greatest dilemma facing its future. Thday, though, he said, it is the spectre of commercialized health care which is unsettling. A shrinking population and a shrinking dollar. he said, have led to a situation where competition for business has become a major factor in decisions to render care. This, he contended, is "a tremendous tragedy.'' "A charletan with enough charm can sell himself in the face of competition Dr. E. Grey Dimond based on financial considerations, and patients, for the most part, have no real ability to judge the quality of care they receive," he noted. "Good medical care, on the other hand, is dependent on the quality of the people selected to attend medical school- not just in terms of their ability to learn sophisticated information but in terms of their integrity, their honesty,'.' Dimond said. Many young physicians today, he noted. are not willing to work 70 or more hours a week. "The male physicians and more understandably the increasing numbers of female physicians who may also be raising families are more interested in regular hours, a regular paycheck without the expensive investment in equipment required to establish independent practice. And most find themselves running up enormous debts for their education, which must be paid." Primary care is in jeopardy because hospitals - and particularly those which are proprietary- are going to survive on tertiary care, Dr. Dimond warned. Family medicine, he said, will be the "funnel" through which cases will be channeled to the hospitals. And in many cases, family medicine will be administered by physicians who have signed contracts with hospitals to provide care. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �Spring Clinical Day EMG (Left) Dr. Russell Bessette (cente) discusses ne;., surgical tecbnique. (Below) Medical DeaD Jobn Naughton witb Clinical Day visitor. C ompetition for the patient is coming at a time when the Federal Government and third-party payers are encouraging competition; at a time when hospitals have entered the marketplace to the point of setting up and staffing jogging facilities and screening clinics in shopping malls. Dr. Dimond explained. "The quality of medical care in the future will depend largely on the quality of our medical students. And while they should be humane, being humane isn't enough. They will also have to have enough information to be trustworthy.'' espite the "propaganda" of recent Dyears to encourage students to select residencies in family medicine, and despite the upturn which has occurred, Dr. Dimond said, the two top areas for residency-matching nation-wide this year were orthopedics and obstetrics-gynecology. Only 12 per cent of graduating medical seniors in the U.S. selected family medicine while 25 to 30 per cent opted for internal medicine. Among UB graduates for 1983, internal medicine was the overwhelming choice. Fifty-nine of the graduates selected this specialty area, followed by surgery and family practice which attracted 15 each. Six UB grads are going into anesthesiology; three into obstetrics-gynecology; two each into neurosurgery, radiology and urology, and one each into ophthalmology and oto32 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (Top) Class of 1958 gave recordsetting gift. (Rigbt) Dental Scbool Dean William Feagans views second prize ezbibit by Dr. Josepb Monte anti Robert Ley. laryngology. As for the feminization of medicine. Dr. Dimond pointed out that while six per cent of physicians in practice today are women. one third of students enrolled in medical schools are female. And while numbers of women studying nursing have declined, he noted, fifty-eight per cent of pharmacy students are women. In dentistry, however, only six per cent of students are female. At the Annual Alumni Luncheon, awards were presented for the top three exhibits of 17 entered in the Clinical Day competition. First place went to "The Computer as a Neurosurgical Instrument" and Drs. Patrick J. Kelly, Bruce A. Kall and Stephen Goerss of Sisters of Charity Hospital; second to Dr. Joseph F. Monte and photographer Robert Ley of Buffalo General Hospital's Department of Ophthalmology for "Corneal Distrophies and TI-ansplantation." "Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Pathology" by Drs. Russell W. Bessette, Richard W. Katzberg, Joseph R. Natiella and Samuel Shatkin of UB and the University of Rochester took third honors. • �Classnotes Class of 1923 holds an unofficial reunion T he School of Medicine's. Class ?f.1923 didn't officially hold a reunion at Spnng Chmcal Day. But that didn't prevent two of its seven living members- Drs. Herbert Burwig and Harry LaBurt - from taking advantage of the occasion to remi- LaBurt, M.D., Center for Extended Care. Another of the Class of 1923 to make a mark in psychiatry is Dr. Donald W. Cohen, a Buffalo native who retired in 1968 from the New York State Department of Mental Hygiene where he was an assistant commissioner. Thday a resident of Boca Raton, Fla., Dr. Cohen served in the Field Artillery Officers training camp in 1918 and was a UB athlete, playing on the varsity basketball teams of 1917-1921. He was team captain his final year. He wrote Dr. Burwig that as a psychiatrist he must report a recurrent dream - a dream that he is back in medical school. "I dream that while reviewing the day's work schedule, I see an exam posted I had never prepared for. I become severely agitated until awakening and realizing that it was only a dream." nisce. Dr. Burwig, a retired Thnawanda obstetrician/gynecologist, has kept in touch with the survivors of the class who 60 years ago walked across the stage to receive their M.D.'s from the then-University of Buffalo. Gathering information from each this spring, he comn the occasion of the 60th year since graduation from piled autobiographical material and sent copies to all. UB's School of Medicine, Dr. Carleton William Bullard Dr. LaBurt, active in the field of mental health for many wrote of the "adventuresome medical journey" he has years, today lives in Queens Village. After serving in the Army Air Corps in World War I, Dr. experienced. A Philadelphia native now a resident of Sun City Center, LaBurt, a native of Ralston, Pa., returned to Buffalo to earn the B.S. and M.D. degrees. After a year's internship at Buf- Fla., Dr. Bullard recalled his days as "a country doc in Black falo City Hospital and two years in private practice, he join- River, N.Y., for three years in my model 'T', and with horses .on a bobsled, with a lantern to find my way to an OB case ed Buffalo State Hospital. A medical inspector for the New York State Department buried in the snows of the Adirondacks or to see diphtheria, of Mental Hygiene, he was named in 1934 the clinical direc- smallpox, black measles, tetanus, blood poisoning, syphilis, tor of Harlem Valley State Hospital. There he established the gonorrhea . . . all the vitamin deficiency diseases ... system of family care for the mentally ill in New York as well pneumonia, the 'captain of death' . . . one big bundle of as the fi rst insulin shock therapy unit, in collaboration with medical tragedies of everyday practice not seen by medical students today." the late Dr. Manfred Sakel. Dr. Bullard continued, "We are a part of an era - very In 1943, Dr. LaBurt became senior director of Creedmore (Psychiatric) Hospital where he broke down the barriers of important gods to our patients who were dependent upon secrecy surrounding mental hospitals. Fostering and the miracles within the 40 bottles in our bag- with the only developing a hospital-community partnership, he promoted specific drugs digitalis and the opiates codeine, heroin and a psych ob iologic studies program at Creedmore relating to morphine. ''The hand on the shoulder, the hypnotic rattle of the the biology of the individual and childhood schizophrenia. In addition, he encouraged therapy studies in connection cuffs as god shook down the thermometer, the slow, careful counting of the pills for each saucer completed the Norman with insulin treatment, tranquilizers and other drugs. Last fall, a Citizen's Committee convened by Creedmore Rockwell scene of the Housecall. And now that is all in the Psychiatric Center designated the Center as the Harry past - including the Housecall. O ''We were important gods to our patients who were dependent on miracles in our bag." - CARLTON WILLIAM BULLARD Dr. Harry LaBurt (left) and Dr. Herbert Burwig reminisce about tbe Class of 1928. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 33 �----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. "Thday," he says. "it is still wonderful, more hypnotic and surely more exciting." After his time in Black River, Dr. Bullard attended the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School, taking courses in otolaryngology. Describing it as a "two-year weight losing course," he went on to research and helped in the development of endoscopy, bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy - then new medical diagnostic procedures - at the world's first clinic for retrieving foreign bodies from the lung and esophagus. "Patients were flown in worldwide, with reporters sleeping in the Hospital - all of which was truly exciting," he recalled. Branching into neuro-otology at a time prior to x-rays of the brain, he says, he became professor in that field at Washington University and later went into facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. This latter change, he noted, was prompted by the advent of penicillin which spelled "the demise of radical sinus and mastoid surgery." He adds that while he got his Boards in three specialties and still enjoys the meetings, he finds it "very difficult to understand today's medical jargon." Actually, he adds, the field of otolaryngology. as he first knew it. is now extinct. A nother graduate of the Class of 1923, Dr. Harold Butman, lives in Vero Beach, Fla. Retired since 1964, he was in private practice of internal medicine and pediatrics for some 38 years in the New York City area. A golfer who enjoys stamp collecting and Western art. he was an instructor at Adelphi College and is a Life Member of the American College of Physicians and a member of the Brooklyn Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. C.J. Durshordwe, another graduate who lives in Buffalo, distinguished himself in the field of anesthesiology and noted that when he became a Diplomate in the College of Anesthesiology in 1940, his certificate number was 93. He was head of the Departments of Anesthesia at both Buffalo General and Children's Hospitals and associate professor of anesthesiology at UB. At his retirement in 1975, he had served on the Board of 'Ihlstees of the International Anesthesia Research Society for 20 years- spending eight of them as chairman. One of the U.S. representatives in the World Congress of Anesthesiologists, he aided in drawing up this prominent group's charter. Dr. Durshordwe's interest in anesthesiology, he said, came during his four years with the Public Health Service as an assistant surgeon at the old Marine Hospital in Buffalo after he was discharged from the Army in World War I. He was the first anesthesiologist to be named to the honorary Roswell Park Medical Society. Dr. Burwig, who initiated this flood of memories on the part of his classmates, retired from his practice in 1969. Born in Berlin, he became a U.S. citizen in 1908 and also served briefly in the Field Artillery Officers Training Camp. He had been in general practice for 13 years when he decided to expand his education at the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School and at institutions in Berlin, Vienna and Budapest. Dr. Burwig holds Fellowships in FACS, FICS, ACOG. Noting that he delivered some 18,000 babies in his career, he recalled that on one hectic weekend, he went virtually all over Buffalo, delivering 23 youngsters from Friday afternoon to the following Monday morning. The remaining memher of the Class of 1923, Dr. Edward J. Zimmerman, who lives in Snyder, expressed the wishes of all in sending his greetings, regards and best wishes on the unique occasion of the Class's 60th anniversary. • 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Lynn Eckhert juggles many careers T he logistics sound like a nightmare. How does one manage to be acting chair of the Department of Family and Community Medicine at UMass Medical Center, associate dean of admissions for the medical school, an associate professor, a pediatrician with an active practice, wife and mother of three children? If you're Dr. Lynn Eckhert. you manage it all with crisp efficiency and cool matter-of-factness. Dr. Eckhert, 40, says, "I have a lot of good people working with me." She talks about her "very good support staff," mentioning her secretary Mary Ellen Foley by name. At home, she says, "I've had some excellent people to help me. They've sort of grown up with my family." Her goal in her newest position - the acting chair slot she has held since December- is "trying to coalesce the department back together. We've been drawn apart ·:~ .. ·· Sitting in her sunny corner office with its view of Lake Quinsigamond, Dr. Eckhert says she never expected to be where she is today. "This is not the road I would have taken," she says. "I never thought I'd have some of these opportunities.'' As a matter of fact, Dr. Eckhert began her medical career as a nurse. While she was getting a master's degree in nursing, she decided that she really wanted to be a doctor. She was accepted at the medical school at State University of New York at Buffalo. There were obstacles for women in medical school back then, Dr. Eckhert says, mainly because there was "no critical mass of women.'' Some instructors said that they did not like women in medicine, she recalls. Thday, however, about one-third of the medical students in the country are women. In her senior year of medical school, she married Dr. Louis E. Fazen III, then an intern in Buffalo. One of their shared areas of interest was international health. They've Dr. Lynn &khert �.. -------------------------------------------------~~~~;:: Classnotes traveled to Liberia, to Guatemala with the World Health Organization to study river blindness and to Afghanistan, Where Dr. Eckhert was with the U.S. Embassy and Dr. Fazen, With the Peace Corps. Her international experience led her to continue her studies and receive a doctorate in public health at Johns Hopkins University. In 1978, she was involved in the initial negotiations in China between UMass Medical School and Shanghai Medical College No. 1 to set up the scholars exchange program. Dr. Fazen is a fellow in pediatric intensive care at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Their children are Curtis, 7; Thrrey, 5; Bucky (Louis E. IV), 3. W hile Dr. Eckhert says she "wouldn't push anybody into medicine," she notes how her children "certainly have a preview of what it's like." Dr. Eckhert says that two-doctor families are "certainly much more common." Recurrent themes for young medical residents and medical students, she says, are when to have Children and how to manage. Some of the men students also ask how to manage, she says. "If they're about to marry a professional woman Whatever she's doing- they want to know how to combine things." - From the Worcester (Mass.) Gazette • Deaths . BENJAMIN GILSON, M'38 • died March 21 , 1983 at Pompano Beach, ~~ J. RICHARD LUNDQUIST, M'46 • died January 6, 1983, following a one Year illness. He devoted his professional career to the practice of llledicine in Pensacola, Florida, with the exception of military serVi_ce as a Flight Surgeon. He is survived by his wife. Mary E. Kirkpatrick Lundquist of 11 Manor Drive, Pensacola, Florida; one daughter, Kay Burley of Ft. Lauderdale; and three sons. Dirk, Eric and Scott of Pensacola. • MARY J. KAZMIERCZAK, M'l8 • the first Polish-American woman doct?r in New York State and, according to the Buffalo News. the hrst physician to introduce city-wide im~unization here against contagious di~.eases, died May 4 at age 89. Dr. Mary" as she was known on the East Side, had retired in 1963 after practicing in her home-office on Sycamore Street for 50 years. Dr. Kazmierczak interned at Children's ~ospital and from 1919 to 1943 worked In child health clinics for the Buffalo Health Department, in addition to her Private practice. During the diphtheria . . . epidemic of 1920. the News reported. she started an Immumzation Program at the German Roman Catholic Orphanage whe re she headed the m edical staff from 1920 to 1934. Following the success of that effort. she persuaded the Health Departm ent to institute imrnunization against scarlet fever, Thtanus and eve ntually whooping cough in its clinics. She also he lped establish St. Rita's Home for Exceptional Children in 1930. In 1949-50 and 1954-55. s h e was President of the Buffalo Board of Education. In professional circles, she was former president of the New York State Wome n's Medical Society and the Women's Physicians' League and was the first woman e lected a delegate to the Medical Society of New York convention. . In 1953. the University honored her "in recognition of outstandtng ability a nd distinguished accomplishme nt in the field of CIVIC affairs." • 1938 SAMUEL L. LIEBERMAN, M'38 • is retired after 35 years as chief of the Department of Anesthesiology at DeGraff Memorial Hospital, Thnawanda, New York. Dr. Lieberman was instrumental in establishing DeGraffs outpatient surgery program. In 1969 he began a training program in anesthesia for oral surgery at the hospital. He has published articles for professional journals on anesthesia and hospital-based outpatient surgery. In 1966 the Lieberman Award was established in his honor at UB. The award is given annually to medical students who show exceptional interest and aptitude in the field of anesthesiology. 1942 THE LEON YOCHELSON • Chair of Psychiatry and Behavioral Serhas been established at George Washington University through the generosity of his friends and colleagues. Dr. Yochelson. M'42, who died in 1982, had a distinguished professional career in clinical and academic psychiatry and served as chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at George Washington University. vi~es 1943 ALFRED S. EVANS, M'43 • has been named John Rodman Paul Professor of Epidemiology at Yale. Dr. Evans has been a professor of epidemiology and director of the Section of International Epidemiology and the WHO Serum Reference Bank at Yale since 1966. He is the author of numerous publications, including Viral Infections of Humans, published by Plenum Press, for which he received the American Medical Writers Award for the best book written for physicians in 1977. He was awarded the Thomas Parran Lectureship and Medal by the University of Pittsburgh in 1978. Dr. Evans is a fellow and member of the Board of Directors of the American College of Epidemiology and was president of the Society of Medical Consultants to the Armed Forces in 1980-81. EDGAR A. HAUNZ, M'43 • is professor emeritus of medicine, University of North Dakota School of Medicine where he was chairman of the Department of Medicine from 1955 to 1973. Dr. Haunz, whose specialty is diabetes, is a former chairman of the Board of Governors of the American Diabetes Association and has been a member of its Board of Directors for the past 10 years. He has received numerous awards including the American Diabetes Association National Pfizer Award for "Outstanding Clinician in Diabetes.'' He has 60 publications on diabetes and was a contributing author to the textbook, Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnosis aTJd Treatment, published by the American Diabetes Association. 1953 GEORGE V. STEVENS, M'S3 • is in private practice in otolaryngology, head and neck surgery in Gilroy, California. Dr. Stevens is vice president of the South County Medical Association and chief of surgery at Wheeler Hospital. He is the owner of Russkaya Farms and is a general partner in the Sunnyslope Medical Building Company which erected the first medical office complex in Hollister, California. 1955 ALAN HARTER, M'SS • has been named in the 1983 U.S. edition of Who's Who in Aviation and Space. Dr. Harter, who is now manager of occupational health services for the General Electric Company, was previously involved in the space program. He was chief of the launch site medical operations branch at the Kennedy Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, from 1966 to 1970. From 1970 to 1972 he was chiefmedi. cal services officer there. He received the NASA Certificate of Commendation in 1969, the NASA Superior Achievement Award in 1969, and was named to the Diplomate American Board of Preventive Medicine (Aerospace) in 1970. He holds the rank of colonel in the United States Air Force Reserve. He and his wife, Barbara, currently reside in Westfield, N.Y. 1956 MORTON A. STENCHEVER, M'S6 • is a professor and chairman of the Department of ObstetricsGynecology at the University of Washington, S eattle. Dr. Stenchever is president of the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics and president of the Seattle Gynecology Society. He is also vice chairman of the Learning Resources Commission. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. He has over 100 publications in scientific journals BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 35 �Classnotes and is on the editorial boards of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Western Journal of Medicine. 1967 DOUGLAS DAVID GERSTEIN, . M'67 • has a private practice in ophthalmology in Vallejo. California, and is chief of staff at the Vallejo General Hospital. Dr. Gerstein is a member of the Golden Gate Gypsy Orchestra. 1970 THOMAS V. KRULISKY, M'70 • of Arcadia, California, is an active member of several local and state medical societies and committees. Dr. Krulisky is chairman of the Medical Consolation Monitoring Thsk Force and the Political Action Thsk Force of the California Psychiatric Society. He is also chairman of the Southern CalifQrnia Psychiatric Society Thsk Force. 1971 SCOTT D. KIRSCH, M'71 • is director of the family practice residency program at South Nassau Communities Hospital, Oceanside, New York. He also is assistant professor of clinical family medicine at SUNY. Stony Brook. 1974 PETER C. WELCH, M'74 • of Mt. Kisco. New York, has been elected to the Medical Board of the Northern Westchester Hospital Center and is also head of the hospital committee on infections. Dr. Welch is also a member of the Ethics Committee of the Westchester Academy of Medicine. 1976 LAWRENCE B. SCHLACHTER, M'76 • is opening a practice in adult and pediatric neurological surgery in Atlanta. Georgia, on July 1. "Jason age 5 and Dara age 3 are the latest additions to the Schlachter clan." he writes. 1977 LEWIS R. GRODEN, M'77 • recently completed an 18-month fellowship in cornea-external disease at Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia and is now in practice i_n Thmpa, Florida. Dr. Groden 1s clinical assistant professor at the University of South Florida. He has published and presented several papers in both basic research and clinical/surgical cornea. 36 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN 1978 DENNIS GROVES, M'78 • has joined the medical staff of the Westchester Community Health Plan, White Plains, New York. STEPHEN E. KILLIAN,M'78 • has moved to Columbia, Maryland, to join the Patuxent Medical Group. Dr. Killian is a family practitioner. JOHN R. VALVO, M'78 • has completed urologic surgery residency at the University of Rochester Medical Center and will join the Northside Urologic Group in Rochester. Dr. Valvo has published over 25 scientific papers and was recently awarded the Penwalt Prize by the Rochester Academy of Medicine for the manuscript entitled, "Acute Scrotal Swelling in Children." 1928 1981 MICHAEL T. ROSS, M'81 • will present a paper, "Disregard of Alcohol-Related Illness in a Large Inner-City, Emergency Hospital," at the annual meeting of the University Association for Emergency Medicine. Dr. Ross is an emergency medicine resident at Wayne State University Medical School and the Detroit Receiving Hospital. 1928 (First Row) Albert J. Voelcle, Bruno G. Schutkeker, Thelma Brock, Eugenia F. Bukowska; (Second Row) Raymond J. Rick/off, Howard Stoll, Walter King, Bernard Mazur, Clyde George, Harry Spiegelman. 1938 (First Row) Benjamin P. Paull, Clarence J. Straubinger, Charles Donatelli, Carl Hertz, Samuel Lieberman, Chester J. Kaminski; (Second Row) Leo J. Doll, Richard Terry, Maxwell Rosenblatt, Alfred A. Mitchell, Charles F. Becker, Walter J. Sydoriak, H. Robert Oehler, Russell J. Catalano, Harry C. Law, Harold J. Elliott, Vincent L. Rutecki, James Brennan, Harry J. Bylebyl, Eustace Pbillies. 1948 Left to Right (First Row) Norman Minde, Daniel J. Fahey, Judith B. Landau, Oliver P. Jones, William H. Bloom, Leon H. Graff; (Second Row) Raymond E. Moffitt, Darwin D. Moore, George L. Collins, Jr., Vernon C. Lubs, Robert J. Hall, Myron Gordon, B. Edward Heckmann, Norman Paul. 1948 �Calendar THE 15TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN PEDIATRICS • August 12-14. 1983. Dunfey's Hyannis Hotel. Cape Cod, Hyannis, Massachusetts. Chairman, Elliot F. Ellis. 18 hours. Fee: $275 physicians in practice; $150 allied health professionals. FRONTIERS OF DRUG THERAPY • Marriott Inn. September 10. 1983. Sponsored by Continuing Medical Education. UB. DIABETES • Marriott Inn . September 15. 1983. Sponsored by Continuing Medical Education. UB. NEPHROLOGY • Buffalo Hilton. September 22. 1983. Sponsored by Continuing Medical Education. UB. MEDICAL SCHOOL ORIENTATION • August 10-11-12. New medical students will be welcomed with tours, speeches. parties and other activities. PARENTS WEEKEND • October 8-9. ---- --------------------------------------------------------------- IIIIII NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO . 2210 BUFFALO, N.Y. POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 920029004800 0 39 OR. EVERETT H. ESP 135 LINWOOD AVE ' UE BUFF LO Y 142 9 -----------------------------------------------------------------~ LET US HEAR FROM YOU Fill out this card (Please print or type all entries) Name-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Year MD Received _ _ _ __ Office Address _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - Home Address _ _ _ __ If not UB, MD received from In Private Practice: Yes In Academic Medicine: Yes [ No l No Specialty - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ __ Part Time Full Time [ School Title _ _ Other: Medical Society Memberships: --~ -~ -- NEWS: Have you changed positions, published , been involved in civic activities, had honors bestowed , etc.? ------ -- -Please send copies of any publications, research or other original work . ------- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. 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Anatomy Diet Alzheimer's Disease Our Children in the Nuclear Age Research Briefs Students Medical School News People Alumni Spring Clinical Day Class notes Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-05 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v17n02 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 40 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. New York (State) -- Buffalo Is Format Of A related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format. Journals and magazines (periodicals) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1983 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/29c2759192383ba7106ef15af7a0f549.pdf 86f2ef7b19ce6155571f97921ebbbc4d PDF Text Text �With this issue. The Buffalo Physician begins to move in new directions which we hope will be of interest to you. the alumni, faculty. staff and students of the School of Medicine. Most immediately noticeable. the magazine will be more compact and will ap­ pear more frequently - 5 times a year, in April, late June, early September, mid­ November and mid-January. This reflects an effort to be current in content and timely in notifying you of coming events. Our pages will continue to focus on the research and scholarly activities of the School and the individuals who make up the institu­ tion. on medical education, on alumni ac­ tivities. on issues in medicine and science, and - perhaps more so than in the past - on the hospitals affiliated with the School's clinical programs. An advisory board has been convened consisting of faculty and administrators - to help the new editors produce an interesting, informative magazine reflective of the School of Medicine and its accomplishments. Their suggestions for future content and for con­ tinued improvement from issue to issue will help shape the magazine's new direction. Suggestions from all readers are also solicited. as is news from alumni and informa­ tion from individuals associated with the school. The back cover is a handy return card for "class note" information. To share with us your ideas for stories, to submit manuscripts, etc., please contact the Office of University Publications, Mr. Robert Marlett, 136 Crofts Hall, State University of ew York at Buffalo. Buffalo, Y 14260 (716-636-2626). The School of Medicine. the oldest unit of this University, continues to be an important center of medical education and research. It is furthermore embarking on an expansion in plant ana facilities that will serve both to enrich and to bolster its contributions to the State and the re~ion. The Buffalo Physician, above all, will reflect and report this continu­ ing vitality. • - John Naughton, M.D. �Contents BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STAFF Executive Editor, University Publications Robert T. Marlett Art Director RebeccaBemstein Health Sciences Editor 3 Running • Too many distance runners train too much, too long, too slowly, a UB Physiology team headed by Dr. David Pendergast has found. It's important to be active, but it's also important not to overdo it. 6 Veterans • Details of a new study challenge some of the popular myths surrounding the development of stress disorders in veterans of the Vietnam War. 7 Doctor 's Orders • Researchers have identified four factors which contribute to one of the nation's most widespread, expensive health problems: patients' failure to comply with the doctor's orders. 9 Golden Discoverer • A UB Health Sciences librarian recalls a more flamboyant era in the practice of " medicine" when a Buffalo-produced elixir and an "in­ valids' hotel" were known throughout the nation. Mary Betb Spina Photography FrancisSpecker Ed Nowak ADVISORYBOARD Dr. John Naughton, Dean School of Medicine Dr. HaroldBrody Dr. James Kanski Dr. James P. Nolan Dr. CharlesPaganelli Dr. Peter&gan Dr. Mary Voorhess Dr. Martin Wingate Dr. John Wright Dr. MaggieWright Produud by the Division of Public Affairs, Harry R. Jackson, director, in association with the ~bool of Medicine,State University of New Yorkal Buffalo 11 The HSL • When Buffalo physicians need rapid re­ trieval of information to determine the best course of medical treatment, they rely on UB's Health Sciences Library, one of the most heavily used research libraries in the nation. 13 In Space • A research project designed by Dr. Leon Farhi will be on board the 1985 Life Sciences Space Shuttle. 14 Research Briefs • New therapy for schizophrenics. Sickle Cell Center opens. Do breast-fed babies have greater immunity to certain viruses? Roswell Park team investigates use of radiation treatment during cancer surgery. 19 People • Dr. Erwin Neter has a bacterium named for him. News of other individuals associated with the school. 22 Medical School News • New construction called most exciting development for Health Sciences faculty in a decade. First Research Day planned for May 25. How basic science departments fared in national rankings. Center for Health Instruments Development takes first step toward realization. 26 Students • Seniors receive first choices of residency assignments in exceptionally large numbers. 30 Calendar • Dr. Renee Fox will be Commencement speaker. Spring Clinical Days to focus on coronaries. 32 Classnotes • First blind Med School graduate ex­ periences return of his vision. News of the Classes. Deaths. ◄ Coverphoto: FrancisSpecker THE BUFFALOPHYSICIAN, (USPS S51-.'!60).May 1983 - Volume17, Number I pub­ lished five times annually: May, June, September, November,January - by the School of Medicine,Stale Universil)'of NewYorkat Buffalo,3435 Main Stnel, Buffalo,NewYork14214. Second dus postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALOPHYSICIAN, 139 Cary Hall, 343S Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. �wa , • doctoral al Education, chedcs work output of Lockport runner Pat Lehmann in Physiology lab test. �Running Too many distance runners train too much, too long, too slowly Y ou've seen him: natty In hi de lgner port wear cavorting through b er ad . po tu ring with macho exce in the fa hion pr ad in Gentleman· Quarterly, loping leanly along the tre ts of your neighborhood. glowing. vital. lhe picture of health. The di tance runner. Look again. advi UB phy iologi t David P nderga t. On clo er fook. the fla h and the fitne may fad . What you're likely to di cover I a middle-aged professional. hi career threatened. his marriag dissolving. hi body plagued by injurie . on the verge ofb coming anorexic. He' ob e s­ ed by. addicted to. his running. And ne·s headed for trouble. Glib a it ounds. this thumbnail sketch i applicabl to a great many di tance runner . according to r ult emerging from a five-year study conducted in connection with UB' Environmental Phy iology Lab by a team head d by Pendergast. The tudy involved approximately 800 marathon or 5-10-kilometer runners ranging in ag from pre-teen to 76-year -old. 1e ting was spread over six year . but concen­ trated on participants in the 1979 and 1980 Skylon Marathon rac . E entially. the team found marathon runn r divide rather n atly into th elit and th r t of u . And many of th r t of u quite imply. overdo il. Penderga t and hi team had v ral question th y hop d to an wer from t ts with the runner : They wanted to know how aging affect th body' car­ diova cular and metabolic y terns. Th y wanted to determin what phy lea! factor limit a p rson·s ability to deliv r energy over a long p nod of time, in oth r words. what are the flmiting factors in di tan e running. They want d to come up with a psycho ocial and injury profile of runners to determine whether their training re ults are good. bad. or Indifferent. Participant in th 1979 and 1980 Skylon ran through a erie of te ting talion in UB's p rformance lab. Runners HJled the lab morning and night. wher they w r mea ured and given feedback on their performanc . while the r sear­ cher com piled new data. Then in a ond phase oft ting. about 80 individual undertook a series of mor ophi ticat d mea ures and evaluation . Re ults indicated that phy I al activity facilitat growth and development. that p ople who are more active get larger and tronger. with more metabolic and aerobic power. Tnls finding. oT cour e. has been r ported prevlou ly. but th Penderga t tudy show d that the pro e i very peclfic to th way a per on train . Individual who do only long­ di lane running develop oxidative or aerobl power. but not anaerobic power or mu cle ma . The individual tend to or 30 p r cent higher in aerobic power than tho who train in way that also d velop anaerobic power and mu cle ma . The goals of di tance runners then, aid P nd rga t. may not o good for th ov rail development of a normal. healthy life tyle. In a coup! ofrunn r who began training anaerobically. mu cle ma w nt up. but di lance p rfor­ manc wors n d. They were unhappy about it. From the health tandpoint, this good n w /bad news yndrome eem to uggest that if young chi ldr n, for example, tak part in ju ton kind of activity. they develop that capabili­ ty and nothing els . "Th overall impact is negativ ... P ndergast notes. PHOTOGRAPHS : FRANCIS SPECKER A far a aging I concerned, the study found that grow­ ing older tal<es it toll on ver one. Even tho who "train" ar able to maintain th Ir full matur apacity only until the lat 20 and arly 30 when. a P ndergast put It. "all things decline." People who wer once active and stop. "lo e everything:· according to h re earch r. Tho who becom activ again later ( ay betw n 35 and 55) can in­ crea e their abilities to about 80 per cent of tho who kept active all along. the study found. But. ad tor port. the rate of a ing or decline. Pendergast found. is not tali tically dif­ ferent among tho e who train and tho e who don't. Everybody age . Th point that matter i the individual' ab olut lever of development. If you're higher on th fitne ale to begin with. you'll suffer th same amount of decline a omeone who do sn·t train. but you'll still enjoy a higher level of fitn than that per on. "You have to continue to be activ ... P nderga t advi e . Wh n you top. the fitne s level deteriorate and declin hows all the more. Pend rgast i currently continuing hi studie on the phy iological change which accompany aging with an ey toward d vi ing proper exerci e program for the elderly. Tho who train vigorou ly for marathon . P nderga t and hi fellow r s archer . [including Mr. Don Wll on. M . Mary Lou Wilson. M . Mary All hou e. and Ors. A. 01 zowka. P. Hogan and C. M y r ] discovered. read the sam book and train the sam way: "Much too much. too long and too low." Th training effect for di lance runners i int nsily­ r lat d. P nderga t aid. Marathon p op! train at low lev I ov r a long time: th y don't improve a mu ha th y would if they trained for short r p riod with mo re in ten ity. At low inten ily. th y go farlh r and farther. on the cla ic American assumption that mor is better. Thk the cas of lh 200-pounder who. In hi mid-30 . decide to become active. H start to walk , then finds h can run. His w ight drops, he lo body fat. he looks ter­ rific. Th amount of" troking" h r c iv sis unb li vable: it spur him on. A he keep running long r and long r distance . though. hi sy tern get into a tat of "Im­ balance." burning more energy than he take in in hi di t. H b gins to bum hi own prot in. ow hi muscle mas decrea . and though h can run fa ter, he' not improv­ ing in aerobic power: indeed, he' putting him elf in danger by catabolizing his own muscle mass. The same thing can happen with younger runners. Pendergast warn . The itua­ lion has be n called by om the "ma! anorexia" b cause the body begin to con ume its If as i th ca In that star­ vation di as which afnlct mostly younger worn n. r ubj t ut In Penderga t' tudy. ix marathon-runn back on their di lances and increas d their peed. Th y im­ proved their anaerobic performance by 20 per cent. put on mu cl ma and gain d w ight. Th tudie prove. P nd rga t aid. that long di tance running training can have negativ effi ct . if done improp r­ ly. 8 ide the p cifi impact on mu cle ma . thi kind of training, Pend rga t and hi fellow r archers found. put marathoners at risk to injury and general di a . "Many of th m." th UB physio logi t says. "simply don't fi I well." Chronic fatigue t in. I n on report on th finding of the re earchers. Dr. Eli­ zabeth Protas. an as istant profi ssor of physical th rapy. said sh and th rapi t Chri toph r Bork w re .. hocked" by the number of prior injurie r port d. About 40 per cent of participants aid th y had hurt them elv sin training durBUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 3 �man planned to complete the run in 2 hours and 30 minute when his phy iology dictated five hour . Pend rga t aid many such runners wer gratefu l to learn the goals they had et for them Iv were unreali tic. Th re are "a lot of peo­ ple rying to run in marathons who houldn't.'' he noted. "Tho e people hould be coun elect into other forms of xercise." Vo 2 BW 1 90 Ml•M ln"1 ELITE I Kg·' I 70 TRAINED ■ UNTRAINED L] / / 50 // / measure the ratio of fat to total body weight Toinaccurately the runners. researchers immersed the ubjects in a e 0 /,, / .,, .,,,,.,, / --- -- - ----- --- LBW kg 70 50 30.. _'""!!! 20!'--"! 3!'!' 0--"!'4 0!"'"-• s~o--• &•o --• 70--­ Age TOP PLATE Muimal a:i:ygenconsumption corr«t«l far body weight is platt«l as a fundian of age far all subj«t s studi«l . The dos«/ squans an train«/ malt runners, open •quans are untrain«l malt voluntttrS, open circles train«/ female runners and das«l circles an UDtrain«lfemale valUDt«n. A, an be seen, V02 / Kg increases during grawtb ud tben d«li11es during tbe agin1 praces.. It is impartut ta note tbe vi,ry bigb values reach«/ by 15-18 year aid ru11n•rsand tbat it d«nases by tbt time tbey an 20 years aid. Tbe women start lower tban men in each group, t711 in«l ud uatrlli11«l, rtsp«tivel:, . Tbt rate of decrease qf VO / Kg witb Ill• bep 11sat a.bout 30 :,ears of age and falls linear/:, witb I sim;far slope in al/ graup• te.t«l . BOTTOM PLATE The amount of body weight tbat is aat fat is platt«l as a fuadiaa of a,e . As cu beseen the values far train«/ men and aat7ain«l men inuuse, reach a peak and then decrease pro,ressinl :,. It is important to note tbat tbe clnunafic decrea,e in V01 / Kg between 15-18 years aid and 20 cu be campltlt:ly accounted far by the lar,e increase ill body wei1bt. The d«liae in V01 / Kg ahu 20 years aid is • product of bath losing muscle mass and tbe ln.a sparl capability of tbt car­ diova scular system. ing the previous thrc •month , Bork said . 11sts th marathoner went through inc luded a battery of item . An EKG·tr admlll te l. common ly u ct on heart patient to measure and compare the activity of the heart while at r st and during mild exertion. was u d tom asur the run­ ner · maximum m taboli m, or the maximum amount of energy liberated a they approached total exhaustion on the tr admill. 1readmill te t can be u ed to determine a ubject' aerobic power. Thi can be translated into a "cost-of-running value" which can be multiplied by the distanc of a run for a "total cost of running." Pendergast once ugge ted that Rosie Ru iz who claimed he ran the 1980 Bo ton Marathon in the third-fsi te t women' time in history up to that point might take a tr admilJ te t to ubstantiate her disputed feat. IL would have been more reliable than the lie-detector test th di qualified runner offered to take at the time, he said. Re ults from this kind of testing in the UB study were u ed to determine what l vels of performance in the 26.2 mile marathon. runners could r asonably expect. One young 4 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN floatation tank in the Department of Phy iology. 'fypically. a marathon runner may have only six to seven p r cent of total body weight as fat compared to about 20 to 30 per cent body fat among males in the general population and ratio ranging from 25 to 30 pe r cent among females . The runners' muscle strength was tested in the Depart­ ment of Physical Therapy"s Kinesiology Laboratory with a CYBEX II dynamometer to measure how much force a mu cle exert aero s a joint through an entire range of motion . Runner also completed que tionnafre detailing their trainin_g habits. types of equipment they use ancf brief medical histories. These data not only help d provide in ight into th type of lnjurie mo t frequently incurred by marathon runners but also pointed out factors which may protect against injury. Participants finally underwent p ycho logical profiling conducted by Dr. Diane DeBacy. as ociate professor of physical education, to det rm ine their motivation. Personn I from Social and Preventive Medicine were in­ volved in the te ting program along with individuals from Phy iology, Physical Educallon. and Physical Therapy. The researchers id ntifi d three major groups of distance runn rs. First. are th highly competitive. in ten . elite. true athletes. The e are th individuals who in the testing gave lie to the concept of th "wall of pain," the infamou psycho logical barrier said to cau e marathoners to "crumb! " and lose their r solve. The so-called wall is probably a I gacy of ill­ prepar d contestants, P ndergast said. 'The real runne rs n v r fe I it." Th n come the "fun runners" who gel a kick out of the sport. train moderate ly and ar concerned about health and enjoyment. Finally. there's the larger group of average people who increase their training too rapidly and fail to develop the pro· per skeletal-muscular s u pport system. These people, said Pendergast. "aren't running for themselves. but are driven by the external reward which ociety offers" for their ac­ compli hments: the prais . the stroking. the celebration of the running lifestyle . Many ofth individuals have negative psychological and physical profiles. T heir injury rate is ten times higher than th "r al athletes" group: lhey'r especial­ ly prone to orthop die injury: and they increase th ir mileage oo fast. For a while. th reinforcement propel them to great rand greater achievement. but after a point, their abil ­ ity falls off. They run the same time this race as the last: perha ps the time is worse. Feedback becomes increa ing ly n gative . The thrill ls go o . They go bac k to th Ir old habits of probably not training at a ll. he p yc~o /so ial information gat1;1edIn the stu dy, Pender ­ T gast sa id, hows that runne rs m this category are so p ycho loglcally "addicted" to the spo rt that their jobs and home lives oflen suffer. Many are profes ional men who can let their job performance slide for a while. but their divorce rate is high. "We've documented this. although with limited numb rs." Pendergast aid. Cou ld the addiction be even "physical," given recent fin­ dings about "endorphin ," narcotic-li ke chemical substanc s produced by the brain_ in ~espon e to exerci e? Penderga t no_tes~hat a jump to this ~m d of conclu ion isn't on any nrm scientific gro u nd . T~e exis tence of endorphins, be notes. has been demon trated m everal st udies over the pa t five years bu_t two re~ent researc h projects have failed to verify the!; ex istence: T~ey undo u bted!~ exist." Pendergast said, "but the _question 1 how Il_l_uch you d need to exercise to have the brain produce them. Exercise. h said, is a powerful p ychological r I ase for �It's important to be active, but it's also important not to overdo it. (At left) UB swimmer Jeff Dunbar is dunked in Pliysiology pool in order lo measurehis percentageof body fat. (Above) RunnerPat lalimann pushes lo Jiis limit on the treadmillas Dave Eustace,internin the En­ vironmental Physiology Lab, adjusts mouthpiece on breathingapparatusused to measuremetabolicoutput. most runners. Many run because they have non-reli vable anxieti s. They may be bothered by life in general but when they're running, they·r away from all that. Alone and strain­ ing against only themselv s. they can et goals and m asurably achieve them. Th succes i swe t. If endor­ phin are there, they suppre anxiety. But with th sweetness also come h bitt r. If th com­ pulsive runner doesn't run one day, Penderga noted, he or she gets nervous; after three days. he may verge on the psychotic. "It's important to run and b activ :· Pender~a t. who is him elf a shorter distance runner. note . "But it not im­ portant to run beyond 40-60 minutes a day. three or four tim s a week.'' After that point, the average person runs a real risk of permanent damag . Most p opl who push them elves this way ar going to quit anyhow. the physiologist notes, "so th y gain no long-term advantage and they run the risk of sustaining an injury that could stay with th m for ver" - a twisted ankle, strained knee. pulled t n­ dons. hip problems, and shin splints. Penderga t. whose re earch cent rs on exerci e physiology. has also conducted studies on wimmers. skiers. oar men. and softball players. Th Buffalo Sabre , Buffalo Stallion , and Buffalo Bills teams hav undergone fitnes assessment in the U exerci e lab under his dir ction and he has headed teams which have put the Sabr through ext n iv phy ical testing. A member ol the UB !acuity lor over a decade. he holds a doctorate from UB, a mast r' from Pittsburgh, and did his undergraduate work at Bro kport Slate. "The average American," he ha observed. is" o decon­ ditioned he can just survive and nothing ls :· Fitness. Pendergast said: includes flexibility, anaerobic capacity. strength. endurance. and cardio-vascular condi­ tioning. "Certain minimal levels can b achiev d and main­ tained by everyone. regardless of age or present unfitncs ." But, moderation has to be part of the program b cau e sticking with it is th key. "You have to do the e exercises for your entire life span." • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN • 5 �By MARYBETHSPINA Veterans Study challenges myths about stress disorders D etails of a new study challenging ome of the popular myths surrounding the cfi velopment of tress disorders in veterans of the Vietnam War have been released by UB researchers. P ychologist Dr. orman Solkoff of the Medical School's Department of Psychiatry and Philip Gray. a sociology graduate student and Vietnam v teran. said their preliminary finding on a sample of 35 veteran indicat that closeness to combat and death and incidence of pel' onal injury app ar to be ignificanl factors in the dcv lopment of po t traumatic stress disorder amon~ the men. Other important factors were type of duty. branch of ser­ vice and participation in either direct or indirect killing. The preliminary Ludy of th 35 v t ran . 15 of whom wcr diagnosed as suffering from the tres disorder. i part of a continuing study of 100 Vietnam veterans in the Buf­ falo area being conducted by Solkoff. All tho in the tudy w re enlisted m n who shared similar socio-economic statu and family background prior to induction. The current age of tho e in the sample rages from 30 to 43. While the res archers found that presence of po t traumatic tre s di order did not appear to affect marital status. they did find a link bet ween current level of employ­ ment and the disorder. "Approximately 72 per cent of tho e veteran who did not have the di order were currently employed. compared to only 28 per c nt of the diagnosed group," Solkoff said, "even though their levels of education were about th ame. When pre-war and current occupational status were com­ pared, the non-slre s syndrome group had improved their level of employment igniflcantly more so than had the trc s sufferers in the dozen years since di charge from the rvice." V terans who served in the Marines w r likelier Lo uf­ fer from post traumatic stres yndrome. de pile the higher number of enlisted men in the Army. Solkoffadded. Tho e who erv d as foot-soldiers. or "grunt ." were more likely to u!Ter the di order than tho e who saw duty as cooks or radio operator . But th type of duty, in its If. did not appear to be a ignificant factor since the percentage of foot-soldier wa evenly split b tween the 15 in th Lres group and the 20 in the non-stres group within the ample . Solkoff said. ho e who were per onally close to death through rocket Tattack . b Ing shot at or b ing in area mined or booby trapped had a higher incidence of tr s disorder. as did those who experienced per onal injury or death of friend on the battlefield. In addition. 68 per cent of the disorder group aid they had direclly or indirectly killed during their tour of duly compar d to only 31 p r cent of the non-stres group. Discu ing war experience and the typ of wefcome the v tcrans received upon their return home did not eem to affect occurr nee of the di order. contrary to popular belief. the US re earcher conclude. A unique finding, they add. i that tho e who had negative atlitude toward education prior to induction w r more lik ly to suffer from the stre s syndrome. "The phra e ·my country right or wrong· appeared to fit the majority oflhose in both groups prior lo induction," Gray aid. "Only two had an galiv attitude about the war al that time and orlly three thought the U.S. involvement was wrong. Interestingly, these latter indiv idual were in the non-stress group. ··1t should al o be noted that tho who enli ted in the s rvice were much more likely to have d v lop d the disorder than those who wer draft d," Sol koff said. "but of those who 6 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN enli ted 15 per nl did so as an alternative to a jail sentence for a previous offen e." The researcher also looked at the so ldier · drug use. "While 23 of the 35 veteran aid they used drugs primarily marijuana - while in Viet am. only eight of this group were in the stre s group." Solkoff point d out. Criteria for diagno i of post traumatic stress disorder includ sleep disorders. nightmares about war-r lated ex­ perience . anxiety. memory impairment. guilt and lowered threshold of stimulation. "In the pa t. tho e who could not recover from wartime xpcricnc wer said lo be uffering from a tran i nt itua­ tion disturbance," the US p ychologist explained. But inc 1981. the American Psychiatric Association has ct criteria for th disorder. defining it as a syndrome follow­ ing a psychologically traumatic event generally outside the range of u ual human experience. Events which may play a role include natural disaster . accidents. torlur . man­ made di asters or military combat. "Hopefully. tudie like thi one ongoing in coop ration with out-patients at the Buffalo VA Medical Center and veterans in the community will provide more insight into th extent of post traumatic stress di ord r. a well a it cau s," Solkoff said. S olkoffsaid th tudy, conduct din conjunction with Ors. Stuart Keill and Israel Alvarez at the VA M dical Center. includes 100 Vietnam veterans who shared similar combat xp rience . Half the group wer diagnosed as having th syndrome. and half xhibit d no identifiable symptoms. While much of th professional literatur deal with veterans suffering from the syndrome, never have differ nee be n examined among those who. despite similar ex­ periences. do not have it. he said. Solkoff noted a imilar post traumatic stress syndrome ha been identified among urvivors of Hitler's death camp . But again. he said. no one has ever looked to tho e who did _not suf~er from ~he syndrom to identify differences in their early hfe xpenences. personality traits or environ men- ... �Doctor's Orders: many don't comply T Prof. Solkoff (ins11l) and scen11 from com­ bat action Vi11taam . taJ episodes in which trigger the syndrome years after the {ul v nt have pa d. While tre associat d with traumatic experience can • not be aid to be de irable. Solkoff not d that for om p o­ ple. survivin~ the situation can b an nhancing xp ri nc . ··Ju t as th rear tho who deliberat Iy choo e occupa­ tion or hobbie which ar life-threatening and b com cx­ hilarated ea h time th y 'win: ther ar oth rs for whom ur­ viving tre ful experiences akin to death makes them feel more powerful," he explains. But for the majority ofthos who ulli r from xperiences in combat. pri on camps. or abu at the hands of an alcoholic mate. the exp ri nee r main powerful hackle - always sitting in th background of the mind. waiting for th appropriat timulus to call for h attendant emotional prob! ms when the situation i past. He pr diet that g n ralizations may al o b drawn from the veteran tudy of factors whi h influ nee how people generally d al with tressful iluation . "Victim of mugging or urvivors of airplan era h may al o exp ri nc post traumatic tr yndrome despite the relative briefne of their tre ful experiences." he pointed out. ln tudie con rning survivor of th d ath camp . it ha b en found that tho who w nt to I rael experienc d fewer problem than did tho e who went to other countries for re ttl ment after the war. ·· o doubt w may find that the way the veteran w r tr ated by their famili . friend and the public in general when th y arne horn ha som impact upon th Incidence of po t traumatic tre s syndrom :· Dr. Solkoff beli ve . Dr. Solkoff alt nded la t y ar' International Conference on the Holocaust and G no ide held in Tel Aviv and found that ome urvlvor ~ It their xp rience w re uniqu . that no on else had urviv d a ituation a terrible a their . Dr. Solkoff ay . ··w may find that om of the Vietnam vet ran . lik some Holocaust survivors. feel their situation were uniqu . that no one el ha experienced what they hav xp ri ne­ ed during combat or afterward." h add d. • stre wo UB r ear h rs hav identifi d four factors which contribute Loone of the nation' mo t wid - pread. expensive health prob! m : patients' failur to com­ ply with doctor's order . "A great d al of mon y pent on office call . trip to the mergency room. medication. ho pitalization and ophi ticated tests goes down the drain ea h year b cau the patient Ii ten to th physician' advi and then refu e to coop rate in the treatment r commend d." say Dr. Ray­ mond Bi onette, a ociate profe or of family m di inc. While frequently patients don't cooperat because th y don't hear what their physician say or fail to understand why certain treatments are recommended. ther ar many who hear and understand and till fail to comply. " on-compliance appears to b an even greater problem when changes in behavior or lifestyle which require the pa­ tient's cooperation ar part of the pr scribed treatment." Bis onette. a sociologi t. notes. It has been estimated that 20%-70% of all patients choo not to follow the prof, ssional advice of their physicians. '"Because non-compliance is a major health problem. there have been many tudies devoted to trying to identify the ·whys,'" Bissonette continues . Studi which fo used on education and per onality trait of patient and th nalur of their illnesses had inconsistent results with no sing! uait or group of factors appearing to be major contributors to the probl m. But a study by Bissonette and Dr. Robert Seller, UB pro­ fessor of family medicine. suggests four belief y tern ar prevalent in American society today which are major con­ tributors to he problem. They furth r suggest everal strategies which, if u d. may increas patient compliance. The four factors at work ar : erosion of the patient"s elf­ determinalion: cultural encoura~ement of elf-gratification: the labeling of prob! ms like cfrug addition, ob ily and alcoholism a "illne s." and th "ambulance is coming" syndrome. "Erosion of self-determination is one of th powerful cultural theme we identified a a major factor in the non­ compliance,'' Bi one te say . Recent generation , he not s. have grown up in an intellectual atmo phere which tends to plac r sponsibility for behavior outside the individual. Th e day , the idea of self-ct termination Is an alien thought It's one of our costliest health problems to many who believ they have littl or no control over what happen to them. "Changes in soci ty and th economy have been pow r­ ful re-inforcer of thi b lief ven to tho e of a gene ration which basically believed they had some control over their live ," he adds . he long-term employ c who is sudd nly terminated Tbecause of the economy i not likely to be convinced he or he has some control over wh ther they can p revent hav­ ing a h art attack In the futur . This ero ion of If­ determination is likely to increa e feelings that going on a diet or walking a mile a day will do little or no good any way. "Ther l also th growing cultural ncouragement to self ­ gratification r fleet d in self-actualization which I ad to dimini hing elf-re traint. elf-di cipline and se lf-d n ial," Bissonette point out. The obese pati nt who indulg s in calorie-lad n foods is • Continu d on pag 29 BUFFALOPHYSICIAN • 7 �Early advtr1j1ing or bill­ po1ti ng companies painted ads on barns, ftncts, and rocks.PitIU's ads wen no uception and also apptarttl in 4,000 newspaptu From San Francisco to New lork. . . ra~, . 8 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN 0 Lr - -~\ ·a ,• '"' i-. j -l r -~ -·- r, . i.. ... S'..lra ·- • �.. By LUELLA S. ALLEN Golden Discoverer 'Eclectic' doctor's career spanned era of enormous medical change R ay Vaughn Pierce. M.D .. arriv d unnoticed in Buf­ falo in 1866 with his youn wife and child. a diploma from the Eclectic Me~ical Institute of Cin­ cinnati, and a bottle of tonic mixed to his order by a friendly pharmacist: "The Golden Medical Discovery." When he died in 1914 on his private island off the coast of Florida (where he raised exotic tame deer as a hobby), he left Buffalonians memories of a vivid career that included a patent medjcine dynasty that rivaled Lydia Plnkham's, terms in the New York Senate and the United States House of Representatives, speculative adventures in gold and coal mining. Pierce's Palace - Buffalo's first lux­ ury hotel, and a book - The People's Common Sense Medical Aduiser in Plain English: or Medicine Simplified which ran 100 editions. selling more than four million copies between 1875 and 1935. It might be expected that examination of three editions of the Acfuiser (1875. 1895. and 1935) would reflect and il­ lustrate the course of medical progress during this 60-year period. To be sure. there are many differences between edi­ tions. but Pierce was an astute businessman and would not lightly tamper with a formula of proven effectiveness. The Advise r. like the Golden Medical Discovery itself, remained basically a product of the time of its inception. 1875. That both the Adviser and the Discovery continued to sell until 1935 says as much about changing American medicine as it does about the unchanging frailties, fears, and curioslti of many of us. Pierce had a keen sense of his audience which dictates the revisions (and Jack of them) in successive edilions . He was a master strategist and, as he was to prove In his many courtroom battles, an expert at stealing his enemy's fire. He was also clever with Ms pen and quick to both use and abuse the power of the press. Many small newspapers at this time (1870-90) were dependent on the revenue from patent med icine advertising. Pierce was an early and effective u er of the advertising medium. Pierce used his literary, per­ suasive, and medical talents in creating the Adviser: the medium th rough which he dosed his readers with tincture of bas ic science, decoctions of basic hygiene, drachims of sexual titilation. and liberal spoonfuls of quotes from the classics. He also used the Aduiser to attack his detractors (The Buffalo Medical and Surgical Society) when it suited his purpose. Pie rce was born in 1840. In the autumn of 1864 he Rentered the Eclectic Medical Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio. .V. which had been founded by Wooster Beach. Following a five­ month course of study he graduated in February, 1865. The speaker at his commencement was J.M. Scudder, the ln­ stitute's professor of pathology and editor of the Eclectic Medi.ca l Journal. Scudder advised graduates to make a business of their profession. advice which Pierce took to heart. Pierce set up practice in Hydetown. Pennsylvania, as a specialist in "private" and female disease . but when the Titusville oil discovery turned that village into a boomtown, Pierce quickly relocated acquiring enroute a mythical degree from Philadelphia University oTMedicine and Surgery which he used in his newspaper advertising. He began distributing a free pamphlet. The Medical Ga2ette. which he wrote for the layman. In 1866 he sold his first botUe of The Golden Medical Discovery and left Titusville for Buffalo. ready for "city -practice ... By 1874 he had moved his office to Main Street, opened The World's Dispensary where the tonic was mixed and bottled, and was already out-nanking his imitators by plac­ ing nationwide ads In Harpers Weekly. claiming that Ger­ man chemists were baffled in their attempts to analyze the tru ingredients of the Discovery. In 1871. he published a pamphlet on Chronic DiSeases of the Generatiue and Urinary Organs and offered, for 1.00, to cure masturbation and venereal diseas by correspondence. The first edition of the AduiSer was published in 1875. On year later he began building Pierce's Invalids' Hotel. later known as Pierce's Palace. (Hospitals in the 1870's stiJI had a decld d social stigma). It was the first luxury hotel in Buffalo and no expen e was spar d. Designed in French Renaissance style by Buffalo architect Richard A. Waite. the hotel was located in what was then the midst of the city's park system. It stood on a 234 foot lot fronting on Prospect Av nu and running 332 feet deep to Fargo Avenue - an area now oc­ cupied by D'Youvllle College. The 250 rooms had fireplaces. 15 foot ceilings, Brussels carpets, esp cially designed fur­ niture. air shaJts and windows. a billiard room. gymnasium, bowling alley. tiled murals. the first elevator in Buffalo and one of the first telephones. When it opened in April. 1878, all of Buffalo and 200 members of th pr ss were invited. An orchestra played selections from Rossini. Schubert. and Verdi during the banquet. Local doctors may have scoffed at m dical "advertisers," but local businessmen took Pierce to their bosoms. He was invited to join the Buffalo Club and asked to run for the State Senate against a New York Clinton. Despite attacks by lhe Democratic press based on a charge of distributing lewd literature (the tract on Chronic Diseases ... ), Pierce beat Clinton and went to the state Senate - hailed as the "Golden Discovery of the Republican Party.'· Following a brief term of office in the 46th Congress. Pierce re igned in 1880 because of ilJness . The Palace burned in 1881, an event commemorated on a locally di tributed magic lantern stereopticon slide. Despit the fact Pierce was able to show he had suffered financial losses due to the fire. he had only recently taken out a large fire insurance policy and there was unproven speculation of fraud. A new Invalids' Hotel. on a more modest scale. was built that same year on Main Street near the Dispensary. For many years Pierce was an active officer in the Association of Manufacturers and Dealers in Proprietary Articles of the United States. where he successfully fought legis lation lhat would force manufacturers to list the ingredients of their wares. Pierce's later years were marked by many characteristic court battles and many uncharacteristically poor busine ventures. His Investments in gold minin,E!and steam engine manufacture were trtkingly unsuccessful. His last great court case was a victory that turned sour. In May. 1904. the editor of the Ladtes Home Journal. in an editorial entitled "The Patent Medicine Curse," listed the supposed ingredients of Dr. Pi rce·s Favorite Pr scrlption. claiming it contained among other things, opium and alcohol. The World's Dispensary filed a $200,000 libel suit and eventually was awarded damages of $16 .000 because. although lhe still popular Prescription may at one Lime have actually contain­ ed these substances, no dusty bottle could be found to substantiate the claims of the Journal editor. But the damage had been done. In 1904 sales fell from $193,000 to $78:000 and in 1905 Pierce actually lost $38,000. By June 1906 the first Federal Food and Drug Act went into effect. reforming patent medicine advertising . BUFFALO PHYSIClAN • 9 �(This page, from left) Plunge bath, Invalids' and Tourists' i Hate/; Turkisb bath cooling- , room. (Opposite page) Dr. Pierce and exterior view al ' Pierce'sPalace,built in 1878. 1 Shortly th r after a change in the leadership of the American Medical A ociatlon brought into being that organization's Council on Phannacy and Chemistry to in­ vestigate and evaluate patent medicines. (Previous AMA leaders had interests of their own in the patent medicln business). Perhaps sensing that his style and aptitudes wer better suited to the flamboyant era which was now drawing to a close. Pierce retir d from public and professional life. He spent his last years on his island, shoaling the alligators that attacked his pet deer. When he died of cerebral hemor­ rhage in 1914, his body was returned to Buffalo for burial in Fore t Lawn Cemetery. His stately mau oleum now overlooks Scajaquada Parkway. H istorically Pierce's career covered a period in American medicine that included enormous apparent changes in both theory and practice. Why was it that the Adviser. writ­ ten in 1875, was sti11 popular at the turn of the century? It is even more surprising that It continued lo sell until 1935. lwo million copies were sold between 1875 and 1895. lwo million more sold b tween 1895 and 1935. an indicalion of declining ales. but respectable figures nonetheless. What follows is a casual examination and comparison of three representative editions of the Adviser. which might b labeld "early." "middle," and ··1ate." In theory and training Pierce was an Eclectic. As their name implies, the Eclectics believed in selecting the best a pects of various medical systems. Unlike the Thomson­ ians. to whom they owed a theoretical debt. the Eclectics were organized professionally and had a school. Pierce followed this school in that he adopted variou aspects of medical theory and practice. His approach is evident in the Commonsense Medical Adviser. a discursive patchwork of qua i- cience, romantic id alism. and commonsen e - betudded with quotes from the classics. The tone of the writing in all three editions is unvary­ ing. Pierce has been "induced to prepare and publish an ex ­ tensive di sertation on Physiology. Hygiene. DI eases and Domestic Remedies ... pre ented in a style which cannot offend the most fastidiou and with studied avoidance of all language that can possibly displease the chaste ... " While medicine i not exactly "simplified" (it would be a stalwart reader who managed to plow through Pierce·s lengthy explanation of the lymphatic system). it is forever a subject of delight and awe. " o language," says Pierce. "can adequately describe the beauty 01 the circulatory system." Or in conclusion to his description of the brain: "Reason only attains its highest development in man, in whom it passes the bound of ordinary existence. and with the magic wand of love, reaches outward to the vast unknown, li(ting him above corporeal b in~. into an at­ mosphere of spiritual and divine Truth. · The long pa sages on Conjugal Love and Marriage. heavy with quota­ tions from Longfellow and Swedenborg, caution that "he who cannot refrain from furious sexual excitement is in no proper condition to propagate his species." Pierce was ap­ parently well aware of his readers' curio ity about sexual!10 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN ty and d voted long passages to its discussion. (All three edi­ tions fall open naturally, aJter long years of use, lo these sec­ tions). By 1935. however. the chapter on Love and Marriage ha been shorten d and the chapter on Spermatorrho a (Masturbation) has been expanded. It is this sort of change. from edi ion to edition. that tands out more forcibly than the fact that the 1935 edition correcUy identifies the thyroid gland. whose function wa "unknown" in 1875 or 1895. There are some obvious differences among editions. In the first. the author still capitalizes all nouns and numbers ach paragraph. There are. of course, no references to the Invalids' Hotel, which had not yet been built. but Pierce refers to his staff of physicians and surgeons at the World's Di pensary (all "Sp cialists"). The chapters on Cerebral Physiology and Volilive 'Iempera.ment (phrenology and modified humoralism) are xtensive and herbal decoction are given a prominent po iUon in the opening chapter . Pierce's early infatuation with anything mechanical is evi­ dent. He promises that all correspondence will be answered on the type-writing machine "operated as fast as a person can think." This first edition also offered to analyze photographs of engaged couples to determine. by phrenology. the likelihood of marital success or failure. Byment1895hadthe ections on Phrenology and Human lempera­ been somewhat reduc d and the offer to analyze photographs is withdrawn. The herbal remedies are less prominently presented. Passing reference to Darwin. "th idea of natural evolution," is made - but in such a manner as to offend no one - "all proclaim Divine Power.·· The chapter on the process of digestion receives expansion, and the use of anti-toxin for Dipntheria is men­ tioned. but on the whole the greatest changes concern the new facilities available at the lnvalids' Hotel and the inclu­ sion of hundreds of testimonials. accompanied by photographs. of the relieved and recovered guests. In all edi­ tions it is discovered. at the end of disease cfescriptions. that medicines manufactured at the World's Dispensary wiJJ relieve most problems. Once the Invalids' Hotel is open. surgical procedures are also urged. Although Pierce rails against idleness - "People ... coddle themselves instead of practicing self-denial and ap­ pear to think the chief end of life is gratification.. - he wa at this lime planning the Palace where the same peo­ ple would be enjoined to visit the hotel where" teaks, eggs. and oysters are provided in abundance," and the Institution would endeavor to provide "amusements for all. recogniz· ing the great importance of pleasant occupation of the mind... The hotel also offered the very latest in mechanical therapies. "The Mechanical Aids in the Treat­ ment of Chronic Diseases" include such devices as "The Rotary Kneader" and various "'Manipulators" and "Oscilators." Most of the e were powered manually or by t am. Pierce repeatedly gives a spirited defen e of pro­ prietary medicine and medical advertising, perhap in reply to edito_rials In th Buffalo Medical and Surgical Pierce includes an editorial of his own. Journal. �"Quackery Rampant" in lhe Adviser. neatly aligning himself with the respectable representatives of profe sionafl m who were properly shocked by those who would flood the coun­ try "with cheap circulars." V. Mott Pierce, M.D., Ray Vaughn 's son, revised and edited the 1935 edition. Although V. Mott had benefitted academically and socially from his father's rise in the world (he attended Harvard where he was elected to the Hasty Pud­ ding Club). he was wise enough to avoid lampering with a proven product. o great attention i drawn to the fact that the Adviser has been revised by V. Mott, whose signature beneath hi photograph in the frontispiece is very 1ike his father's . Many of the engraved illustrations have been replac­ ed by photographs and a section on emergency first aid has been inserted as the first chapter . There is evidence of fur­ ther scientific advance . Phrenology is now dismis ed as a "pretension to science," the Dick Tust and Schick Tust are described. and an interesting array of electrical aids to health have been added to the facilities of the Invalids' Hotel. Most involve water and positive and negative polarities and all have impressive names: Galvanic and Faradic current machines, Cataphoresis , Franklinization. and High­ frequency and Sinusoidal treatments. From a standpoint of safety. to say nothing of "Common Sen e" the deleted material on phrenology might have been less harmful. There is also for the fir t time a lengthy chapter on the care of the new mother and baby. The testimonials are updated ex­ cept for tho in the chapter on Spermatorrhoea or Diseases of Men (perhaps because. for privacy's sake. no photographs had ever accompanied the letters from these patients and therefore there was no need to update the testimonials) . Other matters remain essentially - and perhaps comforting­ ly - the same . Old disea e names are retained alongside new ones: Quinsy (Tonsillitis). Remittent Fever (Bilious Fever); herbal recipes are still given (although moved to the back of the book); the chapter on Marriage is still awash with quotes from the Romantic poets; staff physician at the Hotel will still analyze urine sent by mail (carefully d tailed mail­ ing instructions on page 409). I n short. the many Americans who purcha ed the 100th edition of the Adviser would not be disappointed. They would find that the ame muddled and interesting sexual myths and taboos were operating in 1935 a had in 1875. that the complexitle of the gastrointestinal system and the brain were changed omewhat but were still very complex. and that th re were still a large number of diseases that could not be cured by vaccines but that the Golden Medical Discovery could cure nearly anything if the sufferer were only patient enough . While leafing through their Advisers, their eye would be caught here ana there by stirring scrap of poetry or confusing quotations from Spencer. which sure­ ly howed the book was a product of respectable cholarship . By 1935 the Adviser was a medical anachronism. but the continued sales indicate a continued need for what it offered - the illusion that in an increasingly complex and confu ing world of medicine there was sti11a possibility for retain­ ing some measure of responsibility for one's own health . Much of the Common Sense advice offered by Pierce was good - or certainly better than, for instance, the advice of those physicians who recommended castration as a cure for masturbation when Pierce opted for pure thoughts. outdoor exercise. and the Discov ry. Pierce is often reminiscent of Sylvester Graham when prescribing diet and exercise. and he was an early advocate of ventilation in factories and schoolrooms . He also urged that girls be allowed to run and climb like their brothers. "If you hear them say. 'She's a li~~leromp .' depend upon it. she is a bright. energetic girl Like many of the popular publication found in bookstores and library collections today. book on holistic health, natural diet. consumer health information. physical fitness. and Alex Comfort's " ... Joys." the Adviser provid ­ ed some r al help as well as meeting a need unmet by the medical profession - the need for everyman to be his own phy iclan. One generation turned to the Adviser in reaction to being purged, bled. and blistered; another turns to cur­ rent seff-help literature in r action to reports of exces ive surgery and X-rays. fear of unproven drug therapies. and overwhelming medical costs . In such situations a Common Sense Advi er (who may not alway be entirely common en­ sical) find a way to the bookshelf. • Luella S. Allen is sw ior assistant librarian and ha d, Media Resources Center, Health Sciences Library, UB. Refen nces and bibliography for this arlicle available upon request. The Common Sense Adviser was like today's holistic health and natural diet books PHOTOS: COURTESY ERIE COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY BUFFALOPHYSICIAN • 11 �Architect'ssketch of new addition to the originalLockwood Library now under construction. Tbe completed structure will house llJI upuded Healtb Sciences Library. Health Library It's one of the most heavily used in the U.S. W hen Buffalo area physicians need rapid r trievaJ of information to det rmine the b t course of medical tr atment for a patient, they rely on UB' HeaJth Sciences Library. one of the most heavily u ed research libraries in the country. This ""information laboratory" provides n ded rvices to mor than 13.000 phy icians. cienti ts and health care profe ionaJ affiliated with over 100 inslitulions in an eight­ county area. La t year alone. the UB library re ponded to mor than 34.000 reference inquiries. performed over 6.500 computerized bibliographic searches and handled 20.000 interlibrary loans. In addition. its growing Media Resources Cent r circulated mor than 18,000 audiovi ual items. Several factors contribute to th incr asingly heavy use of the Health Sciences Library (HSL). Fir l. it serves faculty and staff in aJl UB HeaJth Science disciplines. which include 52 a ademic departments forming the most comprehensive h aJth science unit in the SU Y system. Also. the HSL is the only major biomedicaJ resource library in Western ew York, ervlng since 1974 as a health area library of the R gional Medical Library Program. a nationaJ medical in­ formation network. To rvice it user fully, the HSL has access to various data ba es through Bibliographic R trievaJ Servic s. Inc .. and the alionaJ Library of Medicine. The e include: .,.- MED LINE: citations from 3.000 biomedicaJ journal accessed through time- haring data systems by approx­ imately 400 major heaJlh sciences libraries and inslitutions: ,,., TOXLINE: 350,000 r ference and abstracts in the tox­ icology and pharmacology fields; ,,., CANCERL INE : a alionaJ Cancer In titute ( Cl) data ba containing 40.000 abstracts in cancer research: ,,., CANCERPROJ: another Cl data ba e composed of summaries of ongoing cancer re earch: .,.-CATLIN E: bibliographic data for all monographs. erials and technicaJ reports cataJogued at the ationaJ Library of Medicine sine 1965: .,.- S ER LIN E: information about 6,500 biom dlcaJ seriaJ titles. Including locator Information from 100 participating libraries: ,,., AVL INE: information on peer-reviewed and r com­ mended audio-vi ual instruction materiaJs in the heaJth sciences: .,.-EPILEPSY: citation and ab tract relaling to epil p­ y in Exerpta Medica: ,,., CHEMLINE : an interactive chemicaJ dictionary con­ taining information on 60,000 chemical sub lance : ,,., BACKFILE : includes data bas s prior to the last two years covered by MEDLINE , and .,.-MESH VOCABULARY FILE: bibliographic and ind x12 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN ing information for aJI seriaJs indexed by MEDLARS . The HSL r c ntly reached an agreement with eight libraries in ho pitaJs affiliated with UB to formaJize efforts at strengthening and sharing collective r sources and ser­ vices, wnich will help participants provide a wider spectrum of heaJth-related information to their professionals and tudents. At present. many physicians and staff members at these participating inslitulions hold faculty appointments at UB, particularly in the Medical School. Participating hospitaJs in the library consortium are Buf­ falo General Ho pitaJ, Children·s Hospital. Erie County M dicaJ Center, Millard Fillmore HospitaJ, Mercy Hospital. Sisters of Charity Hospital. the Veteran Administration MedicaJ Center and the Research In titute on Alcoholism. As part of its commitment to ervice hospitaJs in outly­ ing areas. the HSL and other state libraries lobbied for and recently succeeded in getting - legislation adopted which will provide $59,000 lo 17 rural hospitaJ libraries in six counties for th development and improvement of other collections and to HSL for extension of needed services to them during the year. • New home planned aking held In early April for a project which Groundbr will re ult in a new home for the Health Sciences Library wa and a new Biomedical Information Center. Estimated com­ pletion date is March 1985. Designed by the archilecturaJ firm of Scaffidi and Moore of Buffalo, this project caJls for refurbishing the old Lockwood Library at Ma.in Street and constructing a 60,000 squar · foot addition to the ea t. The basement of the addition will house audio-visuaJ materlaJs and equipment and the first and second floors. reader stations and tacks. The hand omely-paneled, high -ceilinged ortginaJ Lockwood reading room with its ornate fireplace, multi- tory windows and chandeliers will be restored to its original integrity (the latter day low-hung fluore cent lighting fixture will be r moved). The second and third floors of the present struc­ ture [around th p riphery of the main reading room) will be converted into a modern EducationaJ Communications Center with studios and darkrooms. A new service road will be created off Diefendorf Loop. providing access to a smaJI handicapped parking area to b added on the outh side of th complex. The exterior of the addition will be either limestone or pre-cast concrete to match the originaJ struc­ ture. The main entryway lo the new library will face Diefen­ dorf Loop. • �Farhi's project will ride Life Sciences Space Shuttle A UB r earch proje l will b on board th 1985 Life Sciences Spare Shultl . Arvin /Cal pan Advanc d 1cchnology C nt r of Buffalo has be n awa rd d a 1.9 million contract to develop and con tru t equipment to be u ed in th project which ph iologi t Leon E. Farhi is headin_g lo study e1li cts of counterbalanc d gravity on the output ollhe human h art. Four "flying cienti l ·· to b ho en this year by ASA will a i tin the proj ct. one of25 nationally I ted to b aboard the Shutll . Farhi note that r ult from hi re earch may explain why many astronauts exp ri nc dizziness upon r -entry into the Earth's atmosphere. "We believe that O Gravity (gravity lo which the a tronauts ar subjected in pace) causes their blood to flow and circulate more quickly and asily. Wh n they sudd n­ ly r turn to th Earth' gravity of 1. th ir hear mu t ·re learn' quickly to pump the blood again t th incr a ed pre ur ," Farhi explain . While aboard th Shuttle. th ••flying i nti t ·· from ASA wiJI have their cardiac output mea ured u ing Farhi' device - both while at r t and while pedaling a bicy le at moderate and fast p ed . On a r gularly scheduled ba i . they will br ath into the device for 10-15 s cond while resting or exercising. Carbon dioxide will be mea ur>d at the mouth using a ma pectrometer which will feed the results into a computer. In ence. the r breathing devic i a ma k-like device worn over the fac which enable subject to breathe into an attached bag. Th y then rebreathe the sam air ov rand over durin th cours of the experiment. First. Farhi says. thcr is dilution of carbon dioxid in the lung by th air in Dr. Farhi in his Shuman Hall BY MARYBETHSPINA he rebrcathing bag. followed by a gradual rise a carbon dioxide eliminated by the blood pa ing through th lung begin to accumulat . Th analy i tak into account the tim r quired lo r tore the carbon dioxid level to value r orded prior to "rcbreathing" into th d vi . Al noted i th rat of ri e of the carbon dioxide level in the la l fi w ond of the man uv r. Farhi will compar r ult obtain d in orbit with tho e obtained from th ubj cl prior to and after th ir orbital mi ion. Hi method. Farhi not . u ing th n w r breathing d vice. ha b n validated by comparing it r ult with tho obtained imullan ou ly by an indep nd nt. accept d m thod of mea uring cardiac output on ubject at re t and while exerci ing. Unlik tho c other method , though. h point out. hi doe not require blood amp! from tne ubj ct . injection or inhalation of tra r . major change in art rial blood ox­ ygen or carbon dioxide I v l or xpen iv analytical equipm nt. I n addition to th device' valu to the i ntific proj t. It ha implication for pali nt on Earth. too. "With r finement. it could b u ed In th future to evaluat many cardiac pat! nt at less cost and di comfort." Dr. Farhi beli ve . Other measur m nts of the "flying cl ntists" lob made in onjun tion with the UB project while in orbit will b of blood amount in the lung and of th subj t · ability to x rcis at O Gravity. "Inclusion of our proj ct on the Shut­ tle Ives u a unique opportunity to mak mea ur m nt on cardiac output which would be diffi ult for u to do othcr­ wi - e en in a simulat d ttin :· Farhi not . Prior to the 1985 Shuttl launch. the four "flying i nlab. ti " to b aboard isling in th ci ntific project will vi il ffi the horn it of lh 25 researcher . Farhi b li v s thev will ~ vi it UB the latt r part of 1983 to further tudy th equip· ~ m nt which they will b using for this exp rim nt. : oting that NASA receiv d 400 applications for proj t ~ for the Shuttl . Farhi credits d velopm nt of th rebreathing : devic a a key factor in I ction of th UB xp rimcnt. u. "Without prior funding from the ational Heart. Lung g and Blood Institute. th U.S. Air Fore and th OITic of aval ~ R earch which aided development of the devic and the ... technique. w would not have stood a han of b Ing elected;' Farhi mpha izes. Prior to th laun h in 19 5. om of th scientist from Farhi' re earch t am ar exp cted to vi it th Johnson Spac Center for final pr paration . And Farhi will b on hand at the Kennedy Spa nt r to ch k the a tronauts prior to and following th ir journ y into pac . While th Shutt! orbit . h will fly to Johnson Space C nter wh r h will b in communication wilh th "flying i nli t " to collaborate with th m a they condu t the exp rimcnts for his proj t. Prai ing ASA for il upport of the project n on the Lii S i nee Mis ion. Farhi ay the ntir mi • ion ha b en a ··broad-mind d approach to cl nc a well a a coop ralive i ntifi ffort." Information gl an d from th 25 proj t will be readil har d with oth r i nti t . h note . r will collaborat with Dr. Farhi to d Calign.pand vngin lop and con truct th exp rimental quipm nt. Cal pan wa awarded lh 20-month contract on a com­ p tltiv basis by Manage m nt and 11chnical ervi o.. a ub idiary ofG n rat Electric Co. and contractor to ASA. Other memb r of th UB team involved in the 19 5 Shuttle project include John Favata. project ngine r. Dr. Albert 0 1 zowka. a ociate profi or of phy iology. and Dr. Mary Ann RokHka. a i tant profi sor: Dr. D nni Py zczynki. re earch associat . and Mr . Su an How , techni ian. • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN• 13 �New therapy Intermittent drugs for schizophrenics A UB psychia rist ha begun an innovaliv tudy to verify his earlier finding which uggcst chizo­ phr nia can b controlled in some patient by in­ tcrmitt nt rath r than daily drug th rapy. Major tranquilizers such as Haldol and Stelazinc hav roulin ly b n pre cribed on a daily ba i bccau ·e it wa believed chizophrenia was a progressive cond ition. R c nt r earch finding how that for many pati nls. th condition i in lead characterized by periods of cxac r­ bation and remi sion and uggc t that medication might be n ce ary only during a tuaJ period of the illne . "Although the major tranquiliz rs can control chizophrenia, in large. long-t rm doses. they can I ·ad to an irrever ible condition Turdive Dy kinesia Syndrom which has involuntary movemen as its primary symptom," explain Dr. Marvin I. Herz. profe or and chairman of UB" Departm nt of P ychialry. La t year, th re ult of two pilot tudie conducted by Dr. Herz and hi colleagu d monslrated active di ase ou ld be controlled in mo t tabiliz d schizophrenic who were seen we kly and received medication only prior lo x­ ac rbation . Of the 19. only two relapsed und r the regimen and required ho pilalizatlon. In another UB study of 145 schizophrenics and 80 of their family members. Dr. Herz and hi colleagu found that most recogniz d a prodromal period lasting at lea t two or thr e day prior to exacerbation. The prodromal period wa typically characterized by in omnia. increa ed ten ion. anorexia and difficulty concentraling. oting the importance of a "significant oth r"' such a spou e. friend or r lati ve b ing part of the pilot projects and current study. Dr. Herz explain th y may be more likely to recogniz ymptoms prior to exacerbation than would the pati nts. Th tudy which has recently begun will involve 150 s hizophrenics betw n 18 and 65 who hav had at least two hospitalization for their illn and have had tabiliz­ ed conclition for ix months or longer. All are outpatient of either the Erie County or Veterans Administration Medical Center or Community Corporation II. a community mental health fa ility. R eiving group therapy once aw ek. half the patient will be placecf on daily placebo: the other. activ m dication. If. during the cour e of th two-year study. patient b gin 14 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN exacerbation A . th y will b given active m dicalion. t I a tone per on close to each patient will b involved in group education sions to make them mar aware of ymptom as ociated with the prodromal period and chizophrenia. '"For year . psychiatri t hav not includ d family memb rs in treating hizophrenic b cau it wa thought th y may have played a rol in causing the illnes :· ay Dr. Herz. It i now beli ved chizophr nia. which trikes mo t vic­ tim in their t en year and arly adulthood. is. in fact. mullifactorial. '"Whit w ·re not urc why the major tranquiliz r ap­ pear to control the condition. we think it may b b cau they increa the patient's ability lo cope with tress and d er a e dopamine activity in the brain which triggers or accompanie exacerbation :· Dr. Herz add . Although most schizophr nics were institulionaliz din the past. a majority hav b en relea cd into the communi­ ty b cause institutionalization was found to b harmful and b cause of political and financial rea on . " Ithough there are ome who have not been able to live ·outside" eitfier with family or on th ir own, many more maintained on outpatient lreatm nt program and medica­ tion live in the community and hold job . functioning in oci Ly.'' the VB p ychiatri t points out. Schizophr nia. which has symptoms of thought disorders. troubler lating to others. delusions and hallucina­ tions. may not in th future always be the often hopeless di ea it once was thought to b . "Re ar h. after all. is providing u with more an wer about all form of m ntal illn ss and improved way to tr at th m," Dr. Herz point out. And th results of the UB tudies may ultimat ly mak it po ible for more afflicted with chizophrenia lo I ad u ful live in th community with I dependence on m dicalion. Tho involv d with the tudie fund d by th w York State Health Re earch Council and the Rockland Res arch ln litutc of w York Stat include UB faculty Dr. Herman Szyman ki. Dr. Joseph Vana and Dr. Donald Bartlett: research assistant Ms. Jacquelin Simon and research nurse Martha Edward . The alional Jn titute of Mental Health has recently approved funding of $43 .000 for the initial year with larger amounts expected in the fu ture. - Mary Beth Spina �Research Briefs Navy swimmers use UB lab U II B's Environmental Phy iology Laboratory recenUy provided avy researchers with a unique environment which permits them to gather data on oxygen consumption by under­ water swimmers. Oxygen alon is seldom used by non­ military divers because at depth greater than 25 feet. ll can produce temporary brain dysfunction uch a convulsions. nausea and impaired mu cle coordination. In relatively shallow water. however. bottl­ ed and rebreathed oxygen enable divers to wlm longer than is possible u ing either air or oxygen-helium mixtures. The rebrcathed oxygen. contained in a small bottle on the swimmer's back. also eliminates the possibili­ ty of tell-tale bubbles escaping to reveal his location. U.S. avy studies are b ing conducted to determin precisely when oxygen toxicity can be predicted to occur in divers using essen­ tially pure oxygen rebreathlng device at cer­ tain depths. water temperatures and activity levels. The two-week research here, concluded by a team of avy divers in UB's Annular Immer­ sion Tonk. helped determine the rate of ox­ ygen utilizatlon in underwater swimmers who rebrealhed the gas during continuous thr e­ hour swims at a depth of eight feet. While the avy conducts most of Its under­ water research at its Experimental DiVing Unit (UDU) in Panama City, Fla .. it doe not have the capability lo allow monitoring of free swimming divers underwater. UB's Environm ntal Phy iology Laboratory. on the other hand. I the only facility of Its type in the world to have combined Navy ,wimm•rs usin1 Phy,io/017 capabiliUe for simulaling a range of en­ vironmental condilion and monitoring their effects on the body. LL Cmdr. Frank Butler. one of the subjects in the study and a avy physician. noted that the circular eonfiguralion of the UB Immer­ sion Tonk permits the divers lo swim con­ linuou I without breaking stroke for three hours and longer. Water temperatures In the study were varied from 50 to 70 degre . During the swims. two-man diving teams were connected to recording equipment on the rotating bridge above them which allowed charting of their body temperatures, their breathing mixture and the pressure levels of their oxygen containers. Later this spring. said Butler. some 50 avy divers equipped with the re breathing oxygen apparatu will be le ted at the Panama City facility to determine the safe operating l!m limil for oxygen divers at various deplh . Butler notes that Dr. Edward Thalmann. the s nior medical officer with lh Experimental Diving Unit. completed a three-year post­ doctoral fellow hip in underwater physiology al he School of Medicine. • Disease 'turns' hair white, not fright W hile scalp hair may appear lo sudd nly turn white. the cause is not fright. Con­ trary lo the old wives· talc. a condil!on called alopecia areata is more apt to be the cuiprit. say a UB dermatologi L While th cau e of alop cia is not known. it is suspected that genetics. emotional stre and immunologic mechani ms may each play a role in developm nt of th condition. "Propagation of the widely believed myth that fright can cause hair to turn white." says Dr. Fred Helm, "is ncouraged by people who claim to know someone who faced dang r and. day later, develop d white hair." Unexp ctcd color change can appear. Helm acknowledges. but i is due to dramatic hair loss rath r than a change in hair color. "A few gray hairs are hardly noticeable in p rson who have a full h ad of hair."" Helm explains. But when alopecia areata causes hair lo . the gray hair become more conpicuous simply because pigmented hair is lost first. In a ca e reported by Helm and Dr. Halina Milgrom. a patient involved ln an accident noticed his hair had "turned white" a few day later. The diagno I of alopecia area ta was made when typical patches of complete hair lo s developed. Six months following the original hair loss. the patienl had r grown a full. healthy head of white hair . "It i possible." ays Helm. "that alopecia areata represents a peculiar hair loss of diverse etiology." lnde d, i a ociation with vililigo and thyroid di ea e i su peeled by many scienli t . And thyroid di ea e ts it elf ignificantly associated with Addi on· Di ease. diabetes mellitus and p rniciou anemia. "In mo l case . alopecia arcata appears to be a self-limiting condition. with the hair trnlr. regrowing without u e of drugs," Helm points out. When all body hair is lo l. the condition i known a alopecia universali and may or may not b reversible. . .-Even if fright or stre play a role in development of alopecia areata." ays Helm. "they arc only an tndir ct cau e of the hair lo ." • Sickle Cell Center T he local fight against icklc cell anemia. a hereditary blood diseas more prevalent among Blacks. ha intensified with the open­ ing of th Sickl Cell Di ease Center of Western cw York. Located at Children' Hospital. th new om­ pr hensive Center is the culmination of efforts of UB faculty. rcpre entattve of community agencies and organizations involved with the di ea e. and eommunitv health care providers. · The Center alms to serve populations in the eight Western ew York counties by: providing m dical care. patient and community educa­ tion: stimulating r search, and oordinating all th e components to benefit sickle cell pa­ tients and their families. Co-directors of the Center arc Drs. Jame Humbert . UB prof. or MicroJcopic view of ,ial• t•II. • of pediatrics. and Frank Corbett. UB di rec Lor of urban affairs. Supported by only $100.000 from th Genetic Di ease Program of the ew York Stat Health D partment. the Cent r will of ncce ity depend a great deal upon exi ling community r ource . '"We applied to the Nalional In tilute of Health for a $10 million five-year grant. which was approved but not funded b cause of lack of Federal money ... said Dr. Humbert. But unBUFFALO PHYSICIAN• 15 �daunted. tho e involved decided they would attempt to provide as many services as possi­ ble with the resources available. "The deci ion to continue our plan for a Center \V3S helped by the fact that commu­ nity and volunteer organizations concerned with sickle cell and the health professionals who creen and treat the condition have had a good, long-term working relationship," Humb rt points out. Becau e of thi cooperation, the We tern w York area ha one of th lowe t d ath rate among sickle cell patients in the nation. "In some areas. the mortality is as high as 20 per cent. But In We tern ew York it I I than three per cent ... Humbert ays proudly. E timaling that ome 10.000 Western ew York Blacks carry the trail for the disease. Humbert says there are probably about 600 locally who have il. "Of this number. only 250 have been iden­ tified through physician and clinic record and aggr ssive follow-up. Thi mean another 350 who hould be receiving treatment are not," he emphasize . hoped the ..mi ing'" persons with the disease can be located. "The only \vay to prevent the diseas is to identify parents who both carry the trait. Arm­ ed with this Information, they can then make the dee! ions as to whether or not they want to have children ba ed on the odd that their children will either have the di eas or be car­ rier of it." Humbert points out. Those s eking more information about ickle cell disease or the treatment program should call the Center at 878-7369. Cooperating In the Center"s activities are the Sickle Cell Disease Par nt A oclation, the Niagara Frontier A sociation for Sickle Cell DI ea e Inc .. the cw York State Education Department's Office of Vocational Rehabilita­ tion, the Erle County Health D partrnent. Erle County Medical Center. Children's Hospital. Buffalo General-0 aconcss Hospitals. UB and Roswell Park Memorial Institute. • - Does breast feeding provide immunity? O ne role of the new Center is to attempt to locate th e "missing" suffer rs and encourage them to get treatment b fore they find themselve In life-threatening situations. There will also be a vigorous attempt made to contact patients of infants born in Western cw York who are identified at birth as car­ riers of the trait. " ew York is the only state which requires s reenlng for lckle cell trait at birth." Humbert notes, "and while parents of the e infant ar notified by the w York State Health D partment to follow-up with their phy ician . many do not." h add . Since the S<'reening t t be ame mandatory in 1975, om 3.800 young ters born in th ight We tern cw York counti s have been id nlified as carriers. The 72 born locally with the disea e are receiving care. "But the e figures do not include children who have the di ase and moved Into the area nor those born before 1975 who may. in fact. not be getting treatment anywhere." Humbert say. The greatest threat lo the person who has ickle cell disease I infection - sev re. over­ whelming infection which if not caught and treated in Lime can lead to death. "These patients have virtually no spl en function and alter d T-cell and neutrophll function which makes them immunodefi­ cient. They have difficulty in succe fully fighting off in~ ction:• Humbert explains. In­ deed. the sic kl cell patient can die within two or three hours of a raging infection if not treated imm dlately. ··while perhaps only 600 Western ew Yorkers have the disease. ther are literally thousands of people who are indirectly af­ fected by it - teachers of the e children. health provider . family memb rs. friend :· the UB pediatrician point out. T hrough Hunter. Brown; and and Cordia Association the efforts of Center staff Carolyn Maxine Holmes, and Thelma Barbara Nevergold. Diane Farley McLain of the lagara Frontier for Sickle Cell Disease Inc .. It is 16 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN M.B. Spina A new four-year study to determine If brea t-fed babies exhibit a greater Im­ munity to certain vlru es than bottle-fed babie ha begun at UB and Children's Hospital. Funded by a $416.000 grant from the Na­ tional In tltute of Child Health and Human Development, UB virologist Or. Pearay L. Ogra and Or. David Wong will measure levels of an­ tibodies against two viruses In 100 nursing mothers and their infants. The researchers will take blood and milk samples from the mothers and blood samples from the infants. who will be tested for four years to determine the level and duration of protection against the viruses. The tatistics on these infants will be compared with those of bottle-fed infants. Researchers have found vidence that an­ tibodies acquired by a mother against r spiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rubella. the agent which causes German measles. can be transmitted through breast milk. But the level and duration of this protection in the breast-fed infant has not been determined. Most children are expo ed to RSV by the time they're two y ars-old. but some have no clinical symptoms of disease while others develop severe respiratory infections. Pioneer­ Ing research by Ogra and his colleagues has uggested that RSV. for which there ls no vac­ cine. can cause bronchiolitis and appears to be a "trigger"" for asthma in children. Com­ plications of joint dis ase and encephalitis may follow a rubella infection in an Infant. Although there Is a vaccin for rubella. It is not administered until the infant's own im­ mune system becom adept at producing an­ tibodies upon exposure to the virus. usually ~ j! 15 ui c ic ~ ~ a. Dr,, Pnny O,n (/di) aad D,vid Wonr .,, studrinr immun, , ffKI• of bn•sl f-li nr. �Research Briefs at about 15 months-old. This gap leav the infant temporarily unprotected and vu lne rable to German mea le . "The length of immunity the antibodle In breast milk provide wllJ be an important fac· tor in the tudy;· Ogra points out. It is not known wh th r uch protection noticeably decreases when breast feeding top or whether it continue for several month . ··we may find the Immunity acqutr d through brea t milk gives the Infant an add­ ed 'boost' in fighting the viru e which may account, in part. for the varying degree of seventy of disease we see clinically in both RSV and rubella-in~ cted infants," the pediatric virologist adds . Breast milk. already known to be ~he most nutritionally perfect and economical food for infants. may thus have another advantage protection again t two common viral Infections. • Anti-viral vaccine studied A lipo omal vaccine being developed against a mouse virus by UB researchers may revolutionize future production of human anti-viral vaccine . UB microbiology profe or Dr. Thomas Flanagan ay If the vaccin is found to pre­ vent Sendai re plratory infection in mice. the same technique will be u d to develop a vac­ cine against human Re piratory Syncylial Viru (RSV). Sendai vlru was elect d for the animal vaccine devclopm nt and testing bccau of Its similarity to RSV. a viru which infect mo t children by age two. RSV. for which th re I currently no vaccine. has be n implicated In asthma and wheezing In UB tudics con­ ducted in the Division of lnfcctiou Di ca s at Children· Hospital. Flanagan note that sue ful anti-viral va cin uliliz either the whole live at­ tenuated or whol killed viru lo ·Umulate the body· production of antibodies to prot ct against future infection with the ame organi m . Re earch uggests. however. that only the antigenic determinants or p cine proteins which appear on the viru urface and extend down into its lipid bilayer may be necessary to tlmulat adequat anlibody production. Some viruses. such as Sendai and RSV. hav only two surface antig nic dete rminants. while many of their more complex viral cou in have mor imbedded in their surfac s. U ing a t chnique dev loped el where . the UB re arch rs are alt mpting to create. for the first time. an ef~ ctivc vaccine which in­ corporates only the e vital sp cific proteins. The technique. Dr. Flanagan explain . in• valve use of a det rgenl (Beta-D ocytgluco ide) to mul ify the viru · lipid bilayer. allowing the specific prot ins to float fr e. Wh n placed on DEAE biogel. which ha aw ak anionic charge. one of th two cndai virus antigenic determinants will cling to the gel. allowing the other to pass through. Other agents are us d to trap the second determinant. After aptur . the prol in and th d l rg nt arc combin d with pho pholipid . which allows the proteins to realign themselves ma configuration identical to that found on the actual virus particle. It l th oriz d that they mu t appear in the artificial lipid bilayer ex• actly as they did on the virus. or no effective antibodies will b evoked to protect again t future encounters with th actual virus. The detergent. It purpo e now rv d. i withdrawn by dialysi . leaving th specific pro­ teins in the artificial lipid bilayer . Dr. Flanagan points out the team will at· tempt to detcrmin if preci e configuration in the bilayer is e nUaJ for e!Tcctivc immuni7..a• lion by giving the antigenic determinants to the animals separately and in th llpo om . Successful immunization will be determin· cd by challenging the mic with the Sendai virus after they receive the va cines ither by injection. inhalation or Inge lion. Each rout of admini tration of the vaccin will al ob assessed for its c!Tectlv n in stimulating antibody production in the animals. Other mice will receive the whole live Sen­ dai or whole killed viru va cin by the sam routes. enabling th researchers to compare antibody levels achieved with the new and older vaccine techniques. "If the vaccin u ce fully prate t th · mice wh n later challeng d with th Sendai viru . we plan lo develop a imilar vaccin again l RSV which will first b le ted In animals and later. in humans:· Dr. Flanagan ay . Funded by a Re earch and Development Grant from UB"s School of Medicine. Dr. Flanagan i being assisted by microbiology graduate tudcnt Mohammed Al-Ahdal. Dr. Tunvccr F. Abidi and UB pediatrician and virologist Dr. David Wong. • Radiation tried during surgery R adiation administered during surgery. rather than pr • or po l·operativcly. may becom th future ··treatment of choice" for cancer patients with large abdominal or che t tumors, say a Roswell Park Memorial In· stltu e surgeon. According to Dr. Constantine Karakou i . re earch asso late profe sor of surgery and chief of the Soft Tumor Melanoma Service, "preliminary experiences at Ro well Park and other ho pltaJ have shown that intraoperativ radiotherapy minimizes the hazard as ociat d with high do of ext rnal beam racliation. and reduce th ri k of tumor recur· r nee which can result from less than optimal surgical margins ." Unlike exlernal beam radiation. which mu t penetrate a Jarg amount of healthy tissue before il reaches its target. intraoperative radiation makes direct contact with the surgically-expo d tumor or tumor b d. Because the radiation has no "barrier" of healthy tissue to permeat . the dosage can be reduced ignificantly. "What thl mean . " ex­ plained Dr. Karakousi "i thal the side effects a sociat d with high-dose radiation - skin discoloration. fibro is In the subcutaneous fat. loss of skin elasticity - arc virtually eliminated.·· Whal lntere urgeon mo t about in· traop rativ radiolherapy I I potential ap· plication to "'hard to treat" malignancies. uch as those found in the chest and abdomen. "The bowel. liver. and kidney in th abdomen and the lung in the thoracic cavity can not ludi1lian bt in1 1dminislt'ml durin1 1ur,try. tolerate high-doses of external radlalion, ·· said Dr. Ka.rakousls. For this reason. surgery re­ mains the primary treatment. "Wide surgical margin around the tumor in the area ar . how ver, dlfncult to obtain," Dr Karakou i pointed out. "'Therefore. to help destroy any mi roscoplc r ldual tumor not removed dur• lnJ1: urgcry, phy icians at Roswell Park usual­ ly ad mini ter low to moderate do of post­ operative exlernal radiation as adjuvanl lreal• ment. .. Pre-operativ radiation giv n in similar doses I al o an alternative that has been used by oth rs . While the effect of both pr • and po t· op •rativ radiation have b en good. in ome ca e . microscopic residual tumor not de troy d by this combined tr atment can lead to local (a we)] a y tcmic) tumor r cur· rence. "The more microscopic tumor there is. the more chan e there is of appearance of clone re i tant lo any treatment.·· said Dr. Karakou I . One of Lhc ben flt of in­ traoperalive radiotherapy howev r. is that It will destroy most of the r !dual immediately. ··1fsurg1 al margins re expected to be nar­ row. the urg on can admlni ter in­ traoperative radiation immediately following th removal of the gross tumor," lated Dr. Ka.rakousis. "It Is cs ential. however. that an the gross tumor be removed." The in­ traoperatlve do e is admini t red to the tumor bed while normal , uninvolved ti ue arc retracted and prot ct d. "The addi lonal do age. rcquir d po toperativc!y." said Dr. BUFFA LO PHYSICIAN • 17 �Karakousis. .. is quite low in the range of 3.000 rads. Lherefore minimizing the risk to en ilive normal tissue as ociated with high-dose radiation." Although only recently divested of its Oedgl­ ing status. lntraoperatlve radiotherapy ha been endorsed enthu ia tieally by oncology surgeon nationwide. Or. Karakousis at­ tribute this reception to the excellent preliminary results reported by Ro well Park and other hospital such a the Mayo Clinic and Ma sachu elts General Ho pilal. At Roswell Park. for example. thi therapy was given to thrc patients with abdominal soft ti ue sarcoma . All three patients had "difficult recurrent tumor . .. aid Dr. Karakousis. Immediately following gro tumor removal. 1.500 rads of intraoperativc radiatlon wer admini tered to the tumor bed for 15 minute . After a two-year follow-up. "each patient is doing well without tumor recurr nee ... th surgeon added. Dr . Karakou i believe that, because of its simplicity and inherent advantage . "in­ traopcrative radiation will become the pro­ cedure of choice in the future especially in dealing with large tumors where the surgical margin are expected to be narrow. With its use. a higher LOtal dose to the tumor bed i delivered and a lower one to the surrounding normal ti ue . so that a higher efficacy may b expected with le id effects... • - Colleen Karuza is about to shut off." Bes ettc explain . If the per on consciously decide to ignore this me sage to hlfl weight. the result is u ually no more serious than a foot or arm which "falls asleep." Among those who ar paraJyzed or simp ly too ill to aJter their po ition in bed or wheelchair. bedsore can develop. often necessitating surgical intervention with skin naps to promote healing of the lesions. B ll no e that adequate turning of palients i frequently impo Ible in in titutions which may be understaffed. Tho e who must care for elderly people or those incapacitated at home also often find it phy ically difficult to provide the n ce ary turning. Testing one dozen mattre es currently us­ ed to relieve ulcers against the new cushion. UB research professor and Arvin/Catspan Ad­ vanced Techno logy Center staff cientist Dr. Robert Baier found the cushion to be the only one which exert less than the 35-millim ter I vel of pr ure on human kin. The cu hion wa de igncd by Gaymar In­ du tries Inc .. a medical pecially firm in Or­ chard Park. The pat nt for the product i pen­ ding. More cxtensiv tc ting is planned with 25-50 patients at Buffalo General Hospital and the Buffalo Veterans Admini tralion Medical Center who will u e the cushion in the next few month . James Price. product manager for Gaymar. says the new. trademarked sof•care cushion utilizes a closed sy tern of fluid air dynamics which provid s optimum upport for the body. Each cushion is designed so the air pressure u cd is tailored to the pati nt's weight. When not in u e. the cu hion can be easily rolled for torage. Other inherent advantages of the cu hion arc it case in cleaning and use. light weight and lower expen e. \ Roswell testing ultrasound probe j R oswell Park Memorial In titute is one of two cancer research centers in the United State exp loring the effectiveness of ultra­ sound equipment designed specifically to detect pro late cancer. The equipment. con­ sisting of a large chair with a rectal probe. a scanner. and a 35mm single rcOcx camera. measure the volume of the prostate. Ultra­ sound image or pictures ta ken by th equip­ ment are recorded on film. and Illustrate any lesions. stones or other disorders. The process of using ultrasound techniques for prostate cancer detection is caJled tran­ srecta l onography. According to Dr. Gerald P. Murphy. director of Roswell Park and direc­ tor of the National Prostatie Cancer Project. · 'Thi techn iq ue appears lo be more accurate. le s painful. and ea ier to u e than any other screening tests to date ... Over 100 Roswell Park patients have been screened wilh the ultrasound equipment and th results appear to be encouraging. • Research exceeds $12 million ollowing is a compilation of res arch grant totals in effect in departments of the FSchool the 1982 calendar year. compared with totals of Medicine at the end of for previous years compiled by th Re earch Foundation of the State University of ew York. Research Foundation Grants Direct Costs DEPARTMENT Dean's Office New mattress may avoid sores A lightweight air cushion which shows promi e in eradi a1ing the problem of bed ores among bedridden or paralyzed pa­ tient i being tested at two local hospitals in a LIB study. Plastic urgeon Dr. Rus ell W Be elle note that bedsor . or dccubilll ulcers. con­ tilutc a major health prob) m for people con­ fined to a single position for several hours. ..When a mallrcss places pre urc ex­ ceeding 35 millim ters of mercury on the kin. blocking blood circulation through the capillaries. changes occur in outer layers of the kin as well a In entire columns of ti ue ex­ tending from epithelium LO bone. creating the ulc ·rs." Bessette explain . Tho e not paraJyzed and apabl of shifting position in bed or wheelchair arc le likely lo develop !:he ores. he adds. ·'Even during what is considered a good night' Jeep, people normally twi t and turn enough to prevent development of decubitus ulcers because proprioceptors in kin 'tell' the brain when the blood now through capillaries 18 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN Basic Science Anatomy Biochemistry Biophysics Microbiology Pathology Pharmacology Physiology 1978/79 688.336 1979/80 836,954 1980/81 622.248 1981/82 402,963 12/1/82 I 73.825 77 .20 815,591 225.706 l.101.675 374.616 720.856 I ,535.022 75,753 706,029 405,591 967.923 566,562 754.526 1.965.540 81.300 797.006 199.553 882,325 401,353 518.610 1.600.000 87.650 762.410 295.241 8 76.840 452.376 344.325 l.535.338 119.000 1,112,308 399.000 783.042 308,649 298.150 2.275.445 4.850.674 5.441.924 4,480.047 4.354.180 5.015. l 19 253.024 15.915 2.134.704 7.250 228.605 44.400 3,746,480 98.000 205.000 150,000 42,362 6,000 1.628.347 87,782 80,561 540 500.873 300,000 Departments SUB-TOTAL Clinical Science Family Medicine Gyn/Obstetrics Medicine Neurology Neurosurgery Nuclear Medicine Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Psychiatry Radiology Rehab. Medicine Soc. Prevent. Med. Surgery Urology Departments •• 2 .870 1.893.967 •• •• •• •• 116.104 300.156 I 69,621 •• •• 53,294 451.104 •• •• .. •• •• .. .. •• .. 2.272.346 8.353 306,190 179.418 49.646 496,577 236.093 •• 2,146.365 •• •• •• 6.174 4.800 335,212 66.938 5,780 31.426 25,182 692,385 250 •• •• 16.619 4.800 402.733 54.539 2.997 15.915 137.628 437,421 0 0 SUB-TOTAL 2,987.116 3,312.530 3,545.839 3,378.745 7.023.771 GRAND TOTAL 8,526.126 9,591,408 8.648.134 8.135.888 12,212,715 \ ' �People Bacteria named for Dr. Neter \ J M ost people agree it's an honor to have a namesake. A baby. per­ haps, or even a boat. But UB microbiology profes­ sor emeritus Dr. Erwin eter is one of that select group whose namesake is a newly identiffed sp cies of bacteria. The honor was bestowed upon him last fall by a team of researchers at the Centers for Disease Control, Wood Veterans Ad­ ministration Medical Center and the Medical College of Wisconsin at Milwaukee who christened the previous­ ly identified organism cedecea species 4 as Cedecea neteri. In an article in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, the scientists noted the name honors Dr. eter for his many con­ tributions to knowledge of the family Enterobacteriaceae and its role In human disease. The bacterial namesake. however, is on­ ly the most recent of the honors accorded to Dr. Neter, an internationally-known bacteriologist who at 7 3 remains active in his field despite "official" retirement from UB and Buffalo Children's Hospital. In development of the pas ive A pioneer hemagglutination test used to aid \ l diagnosis of a variety of enteric or gut bacterial Infections. Dr. eter is also credited with coining the term "enteropathogenic" for those certain strains of normally "friendly" Escherichia coli bacterium in the gut which can cause disease in infants. More recently. he has become a leading Investigator in research which focuses on a common antigen shared by all enteric organisms. Presence or absence of this an­ tigen has been used in a recent study by CDC and Dr. eter with blindly labeled trains: the re ults are proving valuable for classification. Supported In his research for more than 20 years by grants from the National In­ stitutes of Health. Dr. Neter's contribu­ tions fill more than the 300 publications which bear his name. He was founding editor-In-chief In 1970 of the journal Infec­ published by the tion and Immunity American Society o(Microblology. which i the seventh most widely cited microbiology journal in the world. His contributions to medical cience impres ive though they may be - cannot overshadow his achievements as a teacher and a human being. Some 4 7 years ago, after earning a medical degree from the University of Heidelberg, ""Dr. eter came to Buffalo. "My fatner gave me life twice. Once. biologically. The other. when he urged me to Immigrate to the U.S.. " he says. He came to Buffalo at the suggestion of his former teacher, the late, Dr. Erwin Ntltr internationally-known UB immunologist Dr. Ernest Witebsky who, like Dr. eter, had fled the increasing persecution of the azis. Both would be among the growing number of skilled and talented scientists and teacher who Immigrated to the U.S. in those years. But after the war, Dr. eter re-established scientific collaboration with colleagues in his native country. mong the honors he has received i the A honorary degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Univer ity of Heidelberg nearly a decade ago. Another. presented in 1979. is the Federal Cross of Merit, the highe t civilian award the Federal Republic of Ger­ many can bestow . More recently. the American Society of Microbiologists nam­ ed him an honorary member as "an emi­ nent scientist who has made great con­ tributions to microbiology." one of only about 50 individuals to achieve this distinction among the 30,000-member organization. He also was presented the Stockton Kimball Award from UB's School of Medicine and named Buffalo Pediatri­ cian of the Year in 1982 by the Buffalo P diatric Soci ty. Despite his dedication to research. Dr. eter has taken time to be a teacher. often staying late to offer encouragement or guidance to UB graduate students in microbiology who might follow in his footsteps. Former president of the Buffalo Chamber Music Society. Inc .. hu band. father and grandfather, h has been de cribed by his colleague as a gentleman. And by that rarer description - a man without enemies. Even now. he continues to come to work in his office at Children's Hospital on a regular basi and recently wa elected to a five-year term as chairman of the American Academy of Microbiology. "I am grateful to this country - Tor the opportunities I've had. I still have much to do," he smile . - M. Spina BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 19 �tissue pathology General. laboratory at Buffalo • ALCANCERJNSTJTUTEGRA NATIO totaling almost $900,000 have been TS Dr. FrederickHelm Helm beads Dermatology D r. Frederick Helm. chief of der­ matology at Ro well Park Mem­ orial In tilut . ha been appoint­ ed chairman of the Department of D rmatology at UB by Presi­ dent Steven B. Sample. A native of Cz ehoslovakia. Dr. Helm received the M.D. from the Univer ity of Graz (Au tria). After residency training in Au tria and at Tufts University. Deaconess HospitaJ and RPM!. he joined Roswell' D partm nt of D rmatology in 1963. Dr. Helm i a diplomat of the American Board of Dermatology and D r­ matopathology and a f llow in the American ofle~e of Phy ician and the Royal Colleg of Phy icians in Canada. He is affiliated with Erie County M dicaJ Center. Childr n's Ho pital. Buffalo GeneraJ Ho pitaJ and i a con ultant at the Vet ran Admini tration Medical C nt r. Brook MemoriaJ Hospital in Dunkirk and West Seneca D v lopmental Center. He serv d a attending chief of th D r­ mato'logy ervice at Millard Fillmore Hospital for eight year . A pa t pre ident of the Buffalo­ Rochester D rmatological Society. he is a memb r of veral profi ional organiza­ tion . including th International and American So ieti of D rmatopathology. the International Society of 'Tropical Der­ matology and Sigma Xi. In addition. Dr. H Im ha author d or co-authored 70 journal articl . many of which focus on hi re arch in kin cane r and tumor immuopathology. • Dpathology GA.ETA, PROFESSOR OF and a sociate professor of urology, was recently appointed director of the R. JOHN 20 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN awarded to eight r searchers at Roswell Park. Dr. Enrico Mlhicb, research professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, was the reci­ pient of$547.631 to be u ed for cancer drug research. Dr . Boward Ozer, assistant pro­ fessor of medicine and microbiology. was awarded $62,265 for a study Involving lym­ phoma and myeloma. A $60.166 grant was awarded to Dr. T. Ming Cho, clinical assis­ tant professor of biochemistry. to investigate antigen-antibody complexes in breast cancer. Dr. Chu also received a $63.139 grant to study antigen markers In the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Dr. Richard B. Bankert received $59,905 to study monoclonal antibodies. Dr. Avery A. Sandberg, a research professor of medicine ln the genetics and endocrinology department, was awarded $74,944 to test drug sy terns. A 64.422 grant to study the effects of cocarcinogens on cellular mem­ branes was awarded to Dr. Charles E. Wen• ner, re earch professor of biochemistry, department of experimental biology. Dr. Carl W. Porter, associate profe sor of pathology. experimental therapeutic department was awarded $55 ,543 to investigate anticancer drug action on polyarnlnes and mitochondria. Dr. Zew Wajsman, research associate pro­ fessor. urologic oncology department recelv• ed $17,198 to evaluate and treat hladder cancer . • Dfessor R. REID HEFFNER, ASSOCIATE PRO· of pathology and neurology. published a scientific paper entitled "Surgical lreatment of Postphlebitic Syndrome with Vein Valve lransplant" In the American Jour­ nal of Surgery. • Dprofe R. FELIX MIi.GROM, DIST! GUISHED or and chairman of microbiology. recently attended the 14th Sympo ium of th Collegium Internationale Allergologicum In Sorr nto. Italy. He also attended with Dr . Ernst Beotner, profe or of microbiology. a meeting of th Deutsche Dermatologtsche Ge ell haft where he pre enled a cicntific paper entitled "Pathogene lmmunkom­ plexe.·· • T HE CHJLDRE 'S HOSPITAL OF BUFFALO has been President John R. Jefferies elected chairman of the atJonal Association of Children's Hospitals and Related Institu­ tions, Inc. ( ACHRI). NACHRI is an a ocla• lion of 72 leading children's hospitals throughout the United States and Canada. As m mbers. hospitals work to improve the qua­ lity of children's health care through educa­ tional and research activities and child ad­ vocacy efforts. • LEIBOVIC, PROFES­ DR.sor It.ofNICHOLAS biophysics, has been awarded a three-year $190,715 re earch grant from the atlonal Institutes of Health. The title of hi research is .. euraJ and Photochemical Adap­ tation of Photoreceptors." • T HE 1982 DR WILLIAM H. WEHR AWAFJJ was given to Dr. Fred Rosen In recogni­ tion of hi dlstlngui hed career in cancer re earch at Ro well Park Memorial Institute. Dr. Rosen joined the Ro well tafT in 1956 as a soclate cancer re earch scientist In the Experimental Therapeutics Department. In 1979, he served as associate Institute direc­ tor for scientific affairs until hi retirement in 1981. In addition. Dr. Rosen has served as research professor of biochemistry and ad­ junct professor of pharmacology at UB. • Dprofessor R. GERALD P. MURPHY, RESEARCH of urology and director of Roswell Park Memorial Institute. was elected national vice president and president-elect of the American cancer Society at their 69th an­ nual meeting in ew York City. Dr. Murphy was also awarded a silver medal by the University of Brussels' Faculty of Medicine at the European Organization for Research and lreatment of Cancer (EORTC) meeting in Bru els. Belgium. The award was given in honor of his outstanding contribu­ tions to the treatment of prostatic cancer as chairman of the atlonal Pro tatic Cancer Project. and for work achieved with colleagues at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. • D R. PETER NICKERSON, PROFESSOR of pathology. co-authored an article for the American Journal of Fbthology entitled "Ef­ fect of verapamll on blood pressure and le­ sions In heart and kidney of rats made hypertensive by deoxycorticosterone ." • PROFESSOR Dof pathology and research associate pro­ R. ADRIAN VLADUTIU, fessor of medicine. authored an article. "M proteins in serum of hospitalized patients." In th American Journal of Clinical Fbthology. • A $49,292 GRANT FROM LILYRESEARCH Research Laboratories was awarded to Dr. Edward Henderson, professor of medicine, to a sess the effectlvene and tox­ icity of the drug vinzolidlne. He is at Roswell Dr. Ftli:t Mil,rom �People P-ark Memorial Institute. • D R. JOHN E. FITZPATRICK IS THE RE­ clpient of a $7 .500 grant from the Associa­ tion for Research of Childhood Cancer. Inc .. to establish a pre-doctoral fellowship position . He is at Roswell Park. and Is a clinical associat pro~ sor of pathology. research ass! tant profe or of pediatrics. and clinical as lstant professor of medicine at UB. • DR. MARTIN WINGATE, ASSISTA T dean for continuing medical education and professor of Ob/Gyn. has been appointed director of undergraduate. graduate, and postgraduate education for Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Medical School. • Is director and vice president chapter as well. of the WNY • DR. BEVERLY P. BISHOP, PROFESSOR of physiology. was recently given an honorary membership In the American Phy !cal Therapy Association . She is author ofa numb r ofartlcle publi hed Ln the Jour­ nal of the American Physical Therapy Association and ha also written textbooks used by physical therapy educators in many U.S. unlvers!Ues. • Two FACULTY MEMBERS HAVE BEE elected omc rs of the medical staff ofK n­ more Mercy Hospital. D r. Michael A. Sullivan , clinical associate profe or of medicine. was el cted president and Dr . Gustave P. Milkey , clinical as ociate pro­ fessor of surgery, wa elected secretarytreasurer. • D R . JORN NAUGHT ON , DEA OF THE chool of M ·di ·in . i the n(·w president of the Association of M dical Schoob of ew York StatC'. the first lime an up tat d •an ha held the presidency of th' organization . aughton has al o been elected prcsidt'nl of 1h • We tern cw York Chapter of the American Hearl A o iatlon . • D R. JAMES H. COSGRIFF HAS BEE elected to the governing council of th stat Medical Society. He Is a clinical assistant professor of surgery at the Medical School. • D R. DONALD R. COONEY, ASSOCIATE professor of surgery and p dlatric . was PROFESSOR OF medicin /assistant professor of phy lology. was one of several ientists atten­ ding and pre entlng research at an Interna­ tional m etlng In Brussels recently. and was granted a private audience with Belgium's Queen Fabiola. Ors. Carlo Palant, clinical assistant in tructor in medicine: ahid Alavi, clinical assistant professor of medicine: and Elias Llanos. clinical assistant professor of medicine. also presented research at this meetln~ • D R. GABOR MARIWS. RESEARCH PRO­ fessor of biochemistry, receiv d a $72.005 American Cancer Society grant to study plasmlnogen activators and related proteases in human tumors. • D R. SYED A. FAROOQ, CLINICAL AS­ sistant professor of psychiatry and fami­ ly medicine, has been named a Fellow of the American Academy of Family Physicians. • DR. GLEN E. GRESHAM, PROFESSOR and chairman of rehabilitation medicine. has been appointed to the atlonal American Heart Association's Stroke Subcommittee. He CANCER REVIEW SERIES PROGRAM at Roswell Park ntltled "Cane r In the Workplace" wa r cently moderated by Dr . John Ven a, assistant profc or of social and preventive medicine. This ymposlum erved a a forum for primary prevention directed towards the general public and was attend d by representatives from industry and labor alike. • GERALD SUFR IN, PROFESSOR and chairman of urology, ha recently been appointed to the Medical Advisory Board of the National Kidney Foundation. • O. DOUGLASS, JR., RE­ search associate professor of surgery. gave the plenary lecture on surgical oncology at the Union International Cancer Congress In Seat­ tle. He has recently been elected as chalrman of the urglcal committee of the Gastrointes­ tinal Tumor Study Group and to membership In the Central Surgical Society. He Is newly appointed associate chairman for GI studies of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and ha been appointed to the program com­ mittee of the Society for Surgical Oncology. • DR. CARL BENTZEL, A DR. DR. HAROLD recently honored by the Mayo Graduate School ofMedlcin when he received an award for "Thacher of the Year."' This wa given In honor of his exceptional abillty and interest in teaching surg ry. • $35.471 grant from the atlonal Cancer ln­ titute for clinical tudies conducted by the Pediatric Oncology Group . • Dr. Btvtrly Bi,bop DR. TARIK ELIBOL, CLINICAL ASSIS­ tant profe or of medicine. Is in private practice of gastroenterology. He was recently elected chief of the medical and dental staff at D Graff Memorial Hospital. • DR. MARCO S G. VIG UE RA, WAS RECENTLY certified In anesthe iology and el cted a Fellow of the American College of Anesthesi­ ology. He Is a member of sev rat medical societies and a clinical Instructor of anesthesiology at the Medical School. • CLI ICAL A o iatc Profes or and llcad of the Department of Anesthesiology at the Buffalo G ncral Ho pita I. wa gue t peaker at th· S •­ cond International Congress on th An<'slhclie Care of the rilically Ill Pali •nl which took place in Barcelona. pain . on ongr ·ss ovcmb ·r 19 and 20. 1982 . This was organized by the An sth •siolo~y Depart­ ment of the Univcr itv of Bare Iona Medical School. Dr . Vlgul ' ra ·di cu scd va!:>odilator therapy during ancsthc ia and surgery . • DR. NEDRA D DR. KWANG H. SHIM, J. HARRISON , M'77, clini­ cal assist.ant Instructor in surgery, has co­ authored an article With Dr. Philip Wei s, M'41. clinical professor of surgery, Jerome Scbentag and Martin Adelman. The arti­ cle Is entitled "Renal Handling ofGentamlcin by Normal and Ischemic Canine Kidneys" and wa published in The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine . • DR. MARIO MONTES DELrVERED A lecture to the Western New York Society of Pathologists entiUed "Cancer of the Lung: The Old and the New," and has co-author d three scientific articles for professional Journals. He is a clinical professor of pathology and clinical associate professor of dermatology at UB. • DR. ARNOLD I. FREEMAN , PRO­ fessor of pediatric . Is the recipient of a R. CEDR IC SM ITH ADDRESSED THE Annual Research Srmpo ium of the onh Carolina Al ohollsm Research Authority on "Pharmacological Approache · to thl' Search" for the prcvenlion and alleviation of alcohol problems. The th me of thi year's program. h Id in late January in Raleigh. orth Carolina. was Alcoholism - The Search for Source . Dr. Smith, profe or In the Depart­ m nt of Pharmaeolo y and Therapeutic . reported on r cent tudlc carried out by Cyn­ thia Pristach (medical student) . in collabora­ tion with Dr . Whitney of th D partmcnt of Alcoholism. Eric ounty Medical Center . The e Ludie tabli h a pharmacological ba I of the withdraw dl · yndrome . In addition. they provide valuable leads for the di covery of the roles of dietary factors in precipitating or aggravating the excessive con umption of alcoholi beverages. • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN • 21 �- ~ Building New projects at Main Street seen as most exciting developments in a decade T hr Main Street Campus building project expected to b gin by ay ar the "most ex­ citing developm nt for the Health Sciences faculty in ad cade." Vice Presid nt for H alth Science F. Carter Pannill aid recenUy. The trio of Main Str t projects are: l. Th H alth Science Library (a rehab of old Lo kwood Library to b accom­ panied by an addition to the rear. or Bailey Avenu ide): 2. the conversion of Squire Hall for Dental School use (again, with an addition, this time on the side of the building toward Main Street); and. 3. an addition to the Cary-Farber­ Sherman complex (for the basic science departments). All are to be underway by summer. While the construction news is gener­ ally good new for th local conomy and for tno e cone rn d with Univer ity ac­ creditation. the Main Street projects will bring with them certain inconveniences. 22 • BUFFALO PHYSIClA The Squire Hall and Cary-Farber­ Sherman projects will require the clo ing of Heyd Drive from ju t west of Squire to Diefendorf Loop. The Michael Road ntrance off Bailey will be exten­ sively used by construction traffic: and some space in the Michael lot will al o be lost. The clo ing of Heyd means an end to internal auto access through much of the northern end of the Main Str et Campus. As far as vehicular traf­ fic i concerned. th area ssentially will become a peripheral-acce campu . losing Heyd Drive is necessary Ccause the Carey-Farb r-Sherman b ad­ dition will sit atop the road's current path between the pre ent Health Sci nces complex and Harriman. The portion of Heyd in front of Squire will eventually be reopened. but it will be moved north toward Tower, making possible creation of a 60-car parking lot adjacent to what is now the main Squire (Top) Model of Cary-Earber-Sbermaaaddition. Second row: Squire Hall as it wi/1/oolcwitb addition (left) and plot plan for Main Street Campus after all projectNI renovationsare complete. entrance. Still further v hicular traffic changes will take place befor the opening of th rapid transit system in 1984. Betwe n now and th n. th present Main Street Campus entrance (Main Circl ) will be given over comp! tely to th transit y tern and will no longer provide vehicular acces to the campus proper. In its place, a new entry road. directly in front of Hayes at the intersection of Main Street and iagara Falls Boulevard. will be created. Thi proj ct is still under de ign, but is expected to b com pl t ct by October 1984. Of p cial interest to the School of Medicine i th $30 million basic sciences addition to Cary-Farber­ Sherman. This totally new construction is ac­ tually the first pha of a thr e-phas d �MedicalSchoolNews BUSWELLPROGRAM BRINGSSCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY UP-TO-DATE ON RESEARCH OF EIGHTFELLOWS T Cary-Farb r-Sherman project. Phas II will involve new ext rior cladding and intallation of energy-efficient window for existing building of the complex. Thls outside work will both help trim fuel bills and bring the older building into "visual sync'" with the new wing which will have a pre-ca t concrete rather than brick exterior. Phase Ill w!11center on in­ terior renovations in Cary-Farber­ Sherman after th School of Medicine become its sole occupant. When all three projects are complete. the School of Medicine administration will occupy space now occupied by Dentistry. All Cary-Farber-Sherman work is lated to be completed by January l. 1987. Phase II is under design now; Phase Ill i undergoing program review. a tep preliminary lo actual design work. The latter two pha es are expected to co t around $21 million. The Phase I addition to Cary-Farber­ Sh rman will provide new animal facilili s. spa e for an enlarged Student Health Service [which will s rve both campuses), and two Ooor of in truc­ lional lab for the basic science . It will add 90,000 square fi et of u able space. Lounge areas will be scattered throughout this building and through the rest of the Medical School complex when it is renovated. A small handicapped parking lot on the outh side of Sherman Han and a new ramp entryway to the overall com­ plex will be added as part of the Phase I contract. Finally. a $2.5 million utiliti and ewer improv ment proj ct is also ex­ pect d to be und rway at Main Street before the year is out. The VA Hospital i sharing costs of a new 48-inch s wer from the campus down Parkridge to the City's quarry disposal site. This is designed to end flooding problems in the area. • he 1982 Bu well Day Program. held in F'arbcr Hall March 2. featured a paper by Dr. Michael A. Apicella, professor of medicine and microbiology. Division of In~ ct!ous Di ease. Department of Medicine. UB. Dr. Apicella lectured on ..The Bacterial C ll Sur­ face as a Model for Vac lne Developm nt." Eight other scientific pre entations were made by Bu well fellows reviewing their ongo­ ing work for the medical re earch community. Tho e featured during the event. their topics and their faculty sponsors were: Dr. Thomas v . Intermittent Ros i. "Effects ofConlinuou Feeding on the Recovery of Malnourished Rats and on Intestinal and Pancreatic En­ zym s" (facully sponsor: Dr. E. Leb nlhal. D partment of Pediatrics): Dr. Nahld Alavi. "Effect of Light Chains on Functional Proper­ ties of Proximal Tubule Cell In Culture" (fa­ culty sponsor: Dr. C. Bentzel. Department of Medicine): Dr. John Georgiti . "Application of Rhinomanometry to Children" (faculty spon­ sor: Dr. E. Ellis. Departm nt of Pediatrics); Dr. Kevin Kulik. ·The Antibody Response in Cutaneou Lupus Erythematosus" (faculty sponsor: Dr. R. oble. Department of Medicine): Dr. Shtgehiro Katayama (with S.M. akeeb and J.B. Lee) "The Antihypertensive Endocrine Function of the Kidne,,. Pro taglandin-Rcnin Interaction in Renovascular Hypertension·· (faculty ponsor: Dr. J. Lee. Department of Medicine): Dr. Mvron Siegel "The Effect of Caloric Density on Ga tric Emptying in Premature Infants" (faculty ponsor: Dr. E. Lcbenthal. Depart­ ment of Pediatrics): and Dr. David O'Connell. "Studies of Inflammatory Mus le Disease In Humans and an Animal Model" {faculty spon­ sor: Dr. R. Heffner. Department of Pathology). Al o featured was a Medical Student Re earch Presentation by Ms. Lilly Barba. a fourth year medical student. whose span or was Dr. G. Andr . Her topic: "Acute Pneumonllf and Disapp arance of Ang!ot n­ sin Converting Enzyme !n the Rabbit Follow­ Ing Injection of Anti-angiotcnsin Converting Enzyme Antibodie :· The Buswell program is made possible by a bequest of Ralph Hochstetter. pre !dent of the Cliff Petroleum Company and a life-long resident of Buffalo. who died in 1955. I aving an estate of over $17 million equally divided between the University of Roche ter and the University of Buffalo. Und r term of the will. the Income from the beque t wa "to be employed and eparately administered as separate funds by the univer­ sities for the support of re earch fellows who shall be graduates in medicine from recogniz­ ed medical school and who shall have com­ pleted the necessary preliminary training to enable them to engage In re earch In their cho en field." The fellowships were to be known as the Dr. Henry C. and Bertha H. Buswell Fellow hips. Mrs. Buswell was Mr. Hochstcttcr·s sister and her hu band. Dr. Henry C. Bu well. had been a distinguished Buffalo physician, on of "America's foremost diagnosticians" of his day. The fin;t Bu well Fellow was appointed in 1957. In the intervening year . cvcral hun­ dred uch appointments have been made for r earch in mo t of the pre-clinical and clinical disciplines. Fellows have repre nted the full spectrum of experlenc and accompli hmcnts in m dical research from the lmmedlat postdoctoral to a obel laureate. According Loa background brochure on the Bu well program prepared by the Medical School. "this unusual re ourcc has provided a continuing and dependable source of re earch funding ... (and) ha been respon­ sible for many of the significant ac­ compli hments in medical re earch which have occurred at this institution. and in those departments which have aggrc ively com­ peted for fellowship appointments. has resulted in the development ofre arch teams and capabilities which would have been dif­ ficult to achieve through other means." Chairman of the Bu w II Committee Is Dr. Gcrd J. Cropp. profe or of pediatrics. • NEW MEDICALRESEARCH ASSOCIATION ORGANIZES MEDICAL SCHOOLRESEARCH SYMPOSIUM The newly formed Medical Re earch Assa talion (MRA) of the School of Medicine in cooperation with Dean John aughton has planned the School's first annual Re earch Sympo ium for Wednesday. May 25. 1983. It will be held in the Ellicott Complex of SU Y at Buffalo' Amherst Campus from 1:00 to 5:30 p.m .. pr ceding the annual meeting of the faculty chedukd for 7:30 that evening. The MRA. an organization of researchers in­ terested in promoting re earch In the School of M dicine. hopes that this fir t symposium will provide participants with an opportunity to learn about each other· research projects. The program of the symposium ha b en de igned to stimulate interaction among research r through a seri s of talks and po terse Ions. Four faculty members who e research i multi-disciplinary in nature have been invited to peak about their work. In order lo en ure School-wide reprc entatton. the MRA has invited each department to preenl a pecific number of po ters. Capping the Sympo ium will be an addr by Dr. Gui eppe Andres. Professor of Microbiology and Pathology and recipient of last year's Stockton Kimball Award for ex­ cellence In research. His talk. ··changing Con­ e ·pts in the Pathogenesis of N phrill ;· will be at 5:30 p.m. in the Millard Fillmore Academic Center. Room 170. where the other research talks will also be given. A reception in the Jane K eler Room will be held at 6:30 p.m. The annual meeting of the faculty will then take place across the hall In the Katharine Cornell Theater at 7:30 p.m. Dctalls about the Research Sympo ium and the Annual Meeting of the Faculty will be sent to every faculty memb r in the near future. • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN • 23 �Medical Science units are rated substantial R ating of thre basic cience departments in the School of Medicine in a recent national assessment of docloraJ pro­ gram quaJity how that the UB programs ar ub tantiaJ. but hav room for improv ment. Th tudy. which evaJuated the quaJity of program in six disciplinary cluster , was conducted by a committee named by the Conference Board of Associated Re arch Councils, which comprise he American Council of Learned Societie , the American Council on Education, the ationaJ Re arch Council and the Social S ience Research Council. Six­ teen separate measures said lo be "related to quaJity'· were studied, but th evaluation committ r frain d from combining them into a ing;Ie composite ranking r n ctive of total quality. Int ad. each m a ur is intended to stand independently. with valu giv n for both rank - where the program stood ba ed on raw data - and a tandard core. On the mea ure of faculty reputation. considered by ome observ rs lo be a handy tool for making ov rail com­ parison , the UB D partm nt of Physiology rank d 14th in the urvey among 94 department in its field eligi­ bl to be ranked at all. and placed fir t among public institutions in ew York State. Bioch mistry wa rated 69th among 13 programs nationally on the reputalional cale; and third in cw York State. Microbiology plac d 47 among 133 program nationally and, a wilfi Physiology. frrst among public institu­ tions In the Stat . R acting to rating for the three ba ic science departments. Dean of Medicine John au hton ~ lt that "in general in r lation to the other SU Y medical centers. the data reflect that we are do­ ing a good job." Becau e of projected Im­ prov ments in phy icaJ facilities and new facully hire . aughton continued, "my gue is that we mould ee ven better report next time around . . . If the urv y wer done today. we'd fare better." Though it lipp d even place na­ lionaJly in r putation factors since 1969 wh n th la t such Ludy wa done. Physiology i till in the top 10-15 per cent of all uch programs nationally. aughton pointed out. To stay there. he said. will take effort and an incr a c in outsid upport. Phy iology. under the leadership of Dr. Leon Farhi. will b com ven more in­ volved in underwater and pace phy iology. th dean aid. He mention­ ed lh exp riment that will go into pace on a huttle mis ion in the next few year. 24 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN found the ratings for Micro­ Naughton bio1ogy a bit more difficult to a se . In facully reputation. that department dipped from 35Lh to 47th nationally from 1969 - till in the upper third of all pro­ grams. What puzzled the dean was that while Microbiology faculty rated very well in publications. the rating accorded to overaJI faculty reputation i much lower. "What' the incongruity?" the dean wondered. "ll makes you question the way they arrived at it." In fact, he noted. rating on individuaJ measures for this department varied widely. The slip of Biochemistry from 37th in overall faculty reputation in 1969 to 69th, aughton acknowl dged, i reflec­ tive of major problem the department suffered In the mid 1970s. One difficul­ ty was its location in exile in make-do facililie in the old Bell Plant off Elmwood Avenue. some miles removed from the r st of the Health Sci nee . Dur­ ing th sam tim . Bioch mi try' chair­ man. Dr. Eric Barnard. returned to England. causing a gap in leadership. Combined, the e factors led to ales en­ ing of energy in recruiting faculty. ew and nergetic leadership and upgrad d faciliti snow bod w II for Biochemistry. aughton feel . The rankings reflect the fact that Stony Brook came from nowhere to eel ip e the reputation of the UB Biochemistry department. This in­ dicates. aughton ug st d. that th down tat SU Y unit was abl to con­ centrate on building a strong basic ciences faculty in the first year of th creation of the rnedicaJ c nter there. possibly becau e there wa no outlet for developing clinical faculty. The Stony Brook HospitaJ came later. Th n, too. aughton aid, the my tique of an in­ stilution being dev lop d from th ground up eem to attract people who are er alive re earcher . Naughton said Stony Brook shouldn't overtake us overaJI in medical or basic sciences re earch and education "unless w fail to do our job." Ideally, aughton would like to see aJl three of these basic sciences programs rated in the top third or better and will "look closely al the results" of the ct.r­ rent assessm nts to "see what needs to be trengthened." Perhaps one area that needs work. he submitted, is making sure our faculty, "get exposed and known on the naUonaJ and international scene." Improvements are already visible, Naughton said. The return of all the basic sciences to Main Street and the resulting better moral among faculty may make them more comfortable mingling with their peers than they were previously when "things were in disarray." What will help all three basic science departments in the future. aughton aid. is that the necessary physical set­ ting for first-rate programs will soon be provided in an addition to the Health Sciences Complex expected to be under­ way shortly. In general. the dean said. each of the three departments has "very competent personnel. including nationally and in­ ternationally recognized scientists. If we can combine that talent with the proper physicaJ environment. we should b able to improve substantially. "It is important." aughton feels, for the UB Med School to rate as high as it can in nationaJ rankings - important for morale. for image and for recruiting the best graduate and medical students. • lnstuments center planned U B will receive a $50.000 plan­ ning grant to be used to develop a proposal for a Center for Advanced Technology in medical instrumentation. Governor Cuomo announced in late March. The proposal. developed by Dr. Michael An bar. chairman of the MedicaJ School"s Department of Biophysical Sci nc s. was one of three planning wer grant awarded: four universiti de !gnat d a "cent r for advanced technology.·· Anbar was "delighted" to receive n ws of the planning grant. "W will mov imm diately to develop a plan and ubmit lo Alban a grant ap­ plication for a very ub tanlial amount of funding that will aJlow us to develop the s ds of a biomedicaJ indu try in this state ... h commented. Terming lh deci ion lo grant UB th planning grant for a medicaJ instrum n­ lation center a "logicaJ and welcome,'· he added, ··suffaJo i the most ap­ propriate center in th late to carry the responsiblity for high technology in medical devic s b caus of its hi tory. current xten i e medicaJ r arch and indu trial ba e. Anbar noted BuffaJo' hi Lorie involvement in development of such biomedical device as the implan­ table cardiac pacemaker and the in· trauterine contraceptive device and the work don on hemodialysis and cryo urgery. "Our objective i to develop r latively maJI. mass-produced in truments. with emphasis on labor int nsive and con­ sum r d vices. as oppos d to research devices, .. An bar said. He emphasized that a major goal of then w c nter will be th er ation of job in tht ar a. "There i ad perate need to develop a new industriaJ ba in Western ew York,'' he said. although adding that the c nter·s mis ion will be to erv th en­ tire state. Anbar aid that his advisory board contains industrial repre en­ tatives who have been clo ely involved since the very beginning of planning for the new research center. ovel in truments developed and tested would be offered to industry at a substanliaJ di aunt if manufactured in WY. �-.- School News To achieve th goal . Anbar said. eed money will have to be inve ted to cover the budget of the Institute that is estimated at $'2 million per year. Half of this is expected to be receiv d from th State, and the other half from contribu­ tion from th Univ r ity. local ho pita! and local industry. Federal upport i al o expected. Contract and royaltie from indu try would gradually replace public upport. The proj cted budget. Anbar aid. hould support 30 to 40 profe ional . including graduate tud nt . It hould also allow ea h year the training of over 100 additional p r onnel in aifferent aspects of medi al technology. h continu d. Anbar aid he has worked out an ac­ tion plan to utilize the $50.000 planning grant to actually b gin th c nter. Po ibly, he said, some money from local indu try may also be forthcoming o that "when we com in with our final ap­ plication. we can already b in full wing.·· The Center would be operated on UB premi e u ing office and lab pace pro­ vid d by th Univer ity - mo t probably within th School of Medicine which An­ bar aid. ""ha been given the mandate to run with the project." An bar said repre entative of four ma­ jor area industrie are involved in the planning: American Optical. Mennen In­ struments. Si rra Research and We twood Pharmac uticals. executive budget for T hethi Governor· year propo e an appropriation First implantable urdi ac pauma/rrr beld in Dr. Andrew A . Gage's band. Dr. Gage, Dr. William M. Cbardac/r and Wilson Gre11tb acb (wbo construded tbe device) were members of tbe piontt ring pacema/rer tu m. Local industrie that tand to benefit. in addition to the medical in trumcnta­ tion indu try, Anbar said. include the electronic. optical, computer. com­ munication and plastics industrie . The In titute wou ld al o facilitate develop­ ment of model h alth care prog rams in the area. Anbar sugge ted. I n the UB proposal. which was develop­ ed in cooperation with the We tern ew York Technology Development Center. Anbar listed the major con­ siderations underlying the concept: ,,,,.There exi ts a erious world-wide need for low co t automated diagno tic and monitoring health care in truments. especially for ambulatory and home care. There is also a need for the technica l as essment of existing equipment. ,,,,.The e need could b met by com­ bining the potentials of academic. in· dustrial and clinical talent in the Buf­ falo area. ,,,,.A succes ful r earch and develop­ ment program could lead to a self­ u taining operation within a period of five years. v A succe sful R & D program could lead to a significant increase in employ­ ment of skilled per onnel. by increasing the production of local indu try and by attracting out-of- tate industry to th area. v A uccessful as es ment program would provid ample employment op· portunitie for engineers. nurs s and health care technician in technical ass ssment of health car in trument and device . The a essment informa­ tion would be marketed nation-wide to manufacturers who have lo comply with new Federal standards regarding Lhe ef­ ficacy and safely of medical equipmen . or hav to meet foreign comp titian in th international market. of $2.5 million to upport the tatewide advanced t chnolo y center program. In addition. many w York companies. including Ea tman Kodak. Xerox. Bausch and Lomb. IBM and American Telephone and Telegraph. have ommit­ ted more than that to the program. The four de ignat d univer ity t chnology nters and the area in which th y will specializ . as announ . ed by Cuomo ar : Cornell, agricultural biotechnology: Roche t r University. op­ tic : Polytechnic Institute of w York. telecommunication . and State Univer­ sity at Stony Brook. medical biot ch­ nology. In addition to UB. Columbia and Syracu e will receive planning grant of $50.000. Columbia for computers and information ystem and Syracu e for computer oftware engineering. In making the announcement. Cuomo said. "The creation of these center forge a partner htp b tween govern­ ment and two of New York' greate t trength - its univer iti and its leading centers of corporal re arch and development. If w are going to take ad­ vantage of the futur . w mu t prepare for it. We mu t make a concerned effort to lead the nation in partner hip among government, busin s . and academia in the search for the best method of ad­ vanced technology. What we do today. will hape tomorrow:· • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN• 25 �90% of seniors matched with 1 of top 3 choices Reactions to residency matching assignments ranged from bugs to handshakes to solitary peeking at the all-important notice slips. NATIONAL RESIDENTMATCHING PROGRAM TABULATION OF HOW STUDENTSWEREMATCHED ACCORDINGTO THEIR EXPRESSEDCONFIDENTIAL PREFERENCES Mtdical Sdiool Code Rank Ordtr No. of Student, UB 1 74 21 2 3 4 s 6 7 8 TOTALMATCHED APPLICANTS TOTALUNMATCHED APPLICANTS - 13 8 2 1 0 1 120 4 A 'l' INDICATF.SSTUDENTMATCHEDTO HOSPITALHE RANKED1ST CHOICE,'2' INDICATESSTUDENTMATCHEDTO HOSPITALHE RANK­ ED 2ND CHOICE,ETC. 26 �Students By JOHN K. LAPIANA I PHOTOS: FRANC IS SPECKER t wa . Edward Klingman xplain d watching hi daughter are n down th ai le toward the podium. the " ndpoint of 22 year of education." Aft r receiving h r nv lop . Karin Klingman care­ fully navigat d her way back to wh r h r fath r tood. barely avoiding the horde of hand shaking. back slapping and embracing m dical tud nt . "We ll?" he a ked. a Karin tood before him with her notice pee led open like a Polaroid nap hot. it gut xpo ed to the eag r. inquisitive lance of her cla mate . She tri d to how no emotion. but it was a losing battle. "It' St. Loui ... he an wered. he italing ju t a mom nt b for ru hing into her father· out tret :n d arm . S ond later. however. he abandoned him. s ar hing for oth r familiar face to hare her "good n w ... Edward Klingman "took hi dau hler. th doctor· .. lead. patting the bac k of any M dica l S hool admini trator. tudent or visitor. and hap p ily r llecting on hi child' felicitou fortune. "She' going to St. Loui . that' her first choice." he boa ted. "She could have gone omewher e l e. but the pro­ gram h 'II b working in (medicine pediatric ) i on of th 6e t in the field." The coupling of Kar in and St. Loui could have. a her father med to in ist. been ordained by the god . but in BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 27 �ffi the cold. analytical world of medical chool admis ion , such :.:: romantic notions are quickly extinguished. The decision to :rl s nd Karin to the "Gateway of the West" was made not by g, a god or even by a lowly mortal; it was will d by a computer u, in a place far from heaven - a downtown Chicago office o building. ~ Karin i one of the "exceptionally" large number of UB a: medical tudents who received their first choic of r sidency u.. program thi year, the final step in an almost decade long ~ higher education. And while some may not hav been as for0 lunate as Karin. Leonard Katz. the Medical School's associat f dean for student and curricular affairs, explained that over 90 per cent of the graduating class wer a sign d to one of their first three residency choices. "This year has b n one of the best in the Medical School's history," Katz said. "Of the 123 tudents match d. only thr were not assigned a residency by the computer. That statistic is well below the national average of 7 .8 per c nt unmatched. " A "happy ending" was eventually had by all. Katz ex­ plained, ince "within hours" after students received their residency notifications, the lhr program -I ss tudents were matched via Medical School administrators' telephone calls. Unlike admission to ··undergraduate" medical schools where applications exceed openings. Katz notes the situa­ tion is reversed for resid ncie . "Th re are more places open than there are medical school graduate ," he said. "The potential for students to find place is very good." However, Katz notes entrance to cer­ tain programs. such as ophthalmology, dermatology and or­ thopedic surgery, is extremely competitive. Despite that dif­ ficulty. Katz said. many UB graduates will enter some of the "most outstanding and highly sough after program in the country:· Summary of Match results by discipline: (1983) Aautne,iology FIIDilyPractice Gen~ 3 14 13 Surgery lnlunal Mediciae Med/Peds Medicine-Pn/jminary 32 9 15 NturOSw-gery 1 OBIGYN 3 2 Otolaryngology Pedialria Psychiatry 16 Surgery 7 5 Transitional 1 Summary of Match placements by geographic area: (1983) New Yark Alab11Da Arizona California Ca1111«tic:ut Washin,ton,D.C. Illinois MarylSDd MicbigSD Mi"ouri 76 1 1 3 4 3 2 5 1 1 Nartl, Carolina 2 New Jusey 1 1 4 8 2 Nevada Obia Pe11111yl vaaia Rhode /slan.d Tennessee Tuas 1 2 Utah 1 VirgiDia 2 28 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN (Buffa.lo:46) t 50 graduates are remaining in Buffalo to continue Alma their education in one of the Medical S hool's affiliated hospitals - a statistic Katz said he "couldn't be happier with. "'The quality of students remaining at UB is just great," he noted. adding that UB al o far d well in enticing '"high quality graduate from other chools."' Particularly com­ petitive UB programs, Katz aid , were medicine. gynecology obstetrics. and pediatric and other surgery program . As at most medical schools across the nation, at UB, "Match Day" has acquired a traditional. rituali tic air. Students gathered in front of F'arber Hall's Butler Auditorium hours prior to the handing out of the envelopes on March 16. But b fore Medical School officials would allow th anx ­ iou mob into the room. the class was shepherded out onto the building· teps for a final group photograph. Inside the auditorium, a member of the student government made cla announccm nts, the proces soon resembled a high school graduation an the pomp and cir­ cum lance. or an informal class day. Between hugs. wishes of good luck . and prematur farewells, students voled on awards and cheered faculty members, who vainly attemp­ ted to divert the audience' attention from the imminent awarding of the envelopes to the more mundane ar­ rangements for next month"s graduation day . Finally. as patience neared its end, the heads of various Medical School departments started their roll call and began to pa out the envelop s. Beginning with Peter Accetta. who will remain in Buffalo to complete fiis residency. to Gr gory Zuccaro. d stined for Rochester's Strong Memorial Hospital. each student experienced what one described as an "'emo­ tional D-Day."' Reactions ranged from Karin Klingman·s alt mpt a ub­ dued ecstasy to Richard Amarian ' thru ted fist and extend­ ed cry. "ye- -e- s:· And although 12 tudents could not boast a first three choice a signment, Katz concluded that "this y ar has b en a wonderful one from all perspectives." • �Students Student builds his own dulcimer U B medical tud nt Bob William i a m mber of a small but growing group of musician who ar reviving interest in an in trum nt which one teet red on th edge of oblivion. Al the tum of the century. almost anyone with a Sears Ro buck catalogue could r cogniz th trapezoid­ shaped instrument. wfiose strings are struck with tiny hamm rs, a the hammered dulcim r. Som w re known to b produced in Western ew York. Today. though. relatively few have seen the instrument, much less heard the sweet. harp-like sounds which ring from its string . Williams "discovered" the dulcimer at a ew Jer ey Bluegrass festival three years ago when he was a graduate student in anatomy at SUNY Stony Brook. A1r ady ac­ compli hed on the saxophone and five- tring banjo, he found his discovery enchanting and irresistible. Listening to its tones. he was determined to own one and learn to play it. Prices ranged from $300-$600, however - money he just didn't have. A pre-fab kit was available for a mor mode t $100, but he opted to build his own, unconcerned by his lack of wood­ working experience. Gathering all the information h could find on the instru­ ment. including a $3.50 book on how to build a dulcimer, he and a Stony l3rook colleague Guy D'Angelo spent their lunch hours in the lab constructing it. The frame, which ha to withstand two tons of pre ure a the strings are played, and two bridge which are part From page 7 Doctor's Orders not likely to want to practice any of these at the expense of If-gratification. So instead of following a ensible nutrition plan coupled with exerci , the patient continu s to pile on weight. becoming more susceptible to certain types of cane r, diab tes mellitus, heart problems and a host of other ailments. Anoth r cultural th me which has encouraged non­ compliance has been medicine· embracing of a range of pro­ blems, lab ling them as "illnesses·· for which there may be no cure and improvement only with vigorou patient cooperation. Many of these, including drug addiction. alcoholism and morbid obe ity. have been conv rted from being "sins·· to "illness."Bisson tte notes. "The important consequence of this developm nt is an in­ flation of the numb r of di eases inherently re i tant to cure and therefore problematic with respect to patient com­ pliance:· he says. While the mu brooming of medical knowledge and ophi Heated diagno Uc te ts has made inroad ~n a great many diseases, it has ironically served in many instances to widen the gulf between patient and physician. "People are so accustom d to the aw~me technology and special experti e associated with medicine today that most ot the instrument. were made of maple which is a hard wood. Softer poplar was us d for the oundboard. "Spruce would hav b en better," Williams explain "but it was more xp nsive and difficult to get in the sizes 1 n eded." Four gauges of wire, available on spools from dulcim r player Bill Spence's mail-order music hou e in Voorhee ville. were purchased for the strings. The tuning pins came from the mail ord r hous also. Tbe mall ham­ mers were crafted from some of the leftover wood. Final cost was about $60, not including th e Umat d 160 man-hour which Williams and D'Angelo put in. were attached and the instrument Thewasdayreadythe tostrings be tested was a tense time for the two. But the dulcimer. its soundboard decorated with handcarved whales, birds in flight and a lone horseshoe crab to d not the Long Island shor , produced lhe same sweet, harp-lik music Williams remembered from the Bluegrass festival. Since then. he' taught him elf to play 100 ong - mo t­ ly traditional and Celtic. While the instrument ls often confused with th Ap­ palachian or mountain dulcimer. an hour-glas stringed instrument trummed with the fingers. the two are quite dissimilar, Williams emphasizes. The hammered dulcimer, referred to in the Bible along with its cousin the psaltery, is more akin lo the zither, the autoharp and the Hungarian cymbalon. Williams hopes to make another dulcimer as well as a Celtic harp and a medieval bowed psaltery. a triangular shaped instrument play d. not surprisingly, with a bow. . "B~t being a medical tudent do sn't give you much fr time, he says. Enrolled in the accelerated program in the School of Medicine, Williams, who earned a Ph.D. in anatomy from Stony Brook. hopes to eventually practic family medicine in a rural or suburban area. ··1 liked doing research but I missed being around peo­ ple," he says in explaining hi career change. That he enjoys sharing his music with others was evi­ dent at a recent Medical School Th.lent ight in a crowded auditorium when he introduced listener to the haunting tones of his prized instrument. • - M. B. Spina suffer from the 'ambulance ls coming· syndrome," Bi sonette feels. That i • they believe for ev ry problem th r i an exp rt who is capable of solving it. "It's not unusual for peopl to turn their bodi ov r to th ·expert.' wheth r or not th y can tell the pert from non­ expert. just as easily and readily as they do the car of their automobile ," Bissonett explains. By understanding the belief ystems which encourage non-compliance, physicians and patients may be able to ao omething about the probl m. "For years. medicine's of1irtngs were limited and dealt with di ases which treatment coufd either cure or not cure. To­ day's growing number of medical problems are leaning mor toward those in which change in lifestyle. behavior modification and patient cooperation are increasingly important in order to effect cure or management or preven­ tion," Bissonette notes. adding that whether or not the pa­ tient truly understands the disea e seems to have no effect upon degree of compliance with treatment. "'But there i evidence that if the patient understands the 'whys' of the treatment - which increasingly includes b havioral changes - compliance will improve:· say UB researchers. The Ludy suggests that while sociocultural valu s and norm may be outside the control of the physician and pa­ tient. the physician' awareness of their importance may lead to more realistic as umptions about patient cooperation in following medical regimens. • - M.B. Spina BUFFALOPHYSICIAN• 29 �Renee Fox will address graduates Guest speaker for the School of Medicine's 1983 Commencement Exercises will be Dr. Renee Fox, pro­ fessor of sociology, University of Pennsylvania. and director of the Human Qualities of Medicine Pro­ gram of the James Picker Founda­ tion. Dr. Fox's topic will be ''The Graduation of a Medicine-Watcher." The commencement is scheduled for Kleinhans Music Hall at 7 p.m. on Sunday, May 22. Holding a Ph.D. in sociologyfrom Harvard, Dr. Fox is Annenberg pro­ fessor of the social sciences at Penn. She is author of four books. in­ cluding Essays in MediciaJ Sociology (1979) and Th Courag to Fail: A Social View of Organ Than plants and Dialysis (with Judith P. Swazey) (1974). She was editor of The Social Meaning of Death. a special issue of The Annal of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, January 1980. For the August 20, 1982, issue of Science she co-authored an article on critical care in the Pirst Central Hospital of the mainland Chinese City of Tianjin. Her nearly 50 published articles also include works on ethical aspects of biomedical advances, changes in attitudes of medical students. the "demedicalization"' of American society, medical curriculum and the impact of illness on the family. Dr. Fox has held research and teaching appointments at Harvard. Columbia and Fordham and has been a uisl ting professor in Belgtum. Canada and Zaire. She has been awarded flue honorary degrees and has received several prizes for her writing. A former member of the editorial advisory board of Science. she is currently on the boards of several scientific publications and a member of the editorial committee of the Univer­ sity of Pennsylvania Press. Also on the Commencement pro­ gram will be several graduating students: William Hanavan. the class speaker: Lonnie J. Behar. who will introduce the guest speaker: and editor Karin Klingman of the Iris who will announce the dedica­ tion of that publication. Dr. Leonard A. Katz, associate dean. will lead the graduates in the Charge of Mai­ monides. and Dean John Naughton will administer the Oath of Hip­ pocrates. After conferral of degrees by President Steven B. Sample, both M.D. and Ph.D. degree reci­ pients will be hooded, and M.D.s will sign the Book of Physicians as is the annual custom. To conclude the ceremony. honors and awards will be announced by Dr. Paul Davis. 30 • BUFFALOPHYSICIAN Fiftieth Anniversary Class of 1933 HEART FAIWRE: NEW CONCEPTSIN DIAGNO­ SISAND TREATMENT • Thursday, May 5. 19 3. Sheraton Inn. Buffalo Ea t. Spon or d by the Buffalo Academy of edicin . th Depart­ ment of M dieine, Buf­ falo General Ho pita!. and Continuing Medi­ cal Education. UB. Fee: $25. members of Lh Buffalo Academy of Medicine: $50 non­ member phy ician : 25 nurse and health profe ional . Thi fi include cofTec breaks and lunch. Residents and students of SU Y Buffalo chool of M di­ cine ar admitted with­ out fee but mu t regl t r in advance. They may purcha e lunch­ eon tickets at the r gi tration desk. A 20 p r p rson additional fee will be assessed for the banquet. This program will erve a a compr h n­ iv revi w and update on the ubj t of heart failure for physician Wilfrid M. Anna, M.D. Lockport. New York John L. Baube, M.D. Mt. Vernon, Ohio Alice L. Clark, M.D. Riveruiew, Florida Vincent J. DiMarco, M.D. Buffalo, New York Emil F. Ersay. M.D. Fbmpano Beach, Florida Jason E. Farber, M.D. Oakland. California William G. Ford, M.D. Snyder, New York orris H. Frank. M.D. Clearwater. Florida Henry Haines. M.D. Buffalo. New York J. Curtis Hellriegel. M.D. Buffalo. New York Joseph W. Hewett, M.D. Buffalo, New York Thomas C. Hobbie, M.D. Sodus. New York Ernest G. Homokay, M.D. Silver Creek, New York Franklyn A. Huber. M.D. Winter Park. Florida John C. Inman. M.D. who manage patients with eriou heart dia . Empha i will be placed on n w diagnos­ tic and urgical techni­ ques as well a new pharmacological agents available to the cliniian. Dr. Reae,, Foz Lake City, Michigan Louis Kolbrenner. M.D. Brooklyn, New York W. Donald Leslie, M.D. Buffalo, New York George M. Masotti. M.D. Williamsburg, Virginia Anthony J. Mogavero, M.D. San Diego, California Edward H. Morgat, M.D. Niagara Falls. New York John D. Mountain. M.D. Manhasset, New York orbert G. Rausch. M.D. Buffalo, New York Frances L. Sapowitch, M.D. Buffalo. New York Charles J. Sehuder. M.D. Williamsville. New York Henry H. Stelman, M.D. Buffalo, New York Thomas J. Syracuse, M.D. Buffalo, New York Louis A. Vendetti, M.D. Buffalo, New York Ross Vilardo, M.D. Orange Park, Florida Murray A. Yost, M.D. Buffalo, New York Gu t peakcr for the banquet will be Magdi Yacoub. FRCS. con ul­ tant cardiac urgeon. Harcfield Ho pital. Mid­ dle ex. England. Other visiting faculty include Shahbudin H. Rahim­ toola. M.D .. chief of Car­ diology. University of Southern California and Edmund H. Son­ nenblick. M.D .. director of ardiology. Albert Ein ein College of Medicine. UB facully on the program include Djavad T. Arani. M.O.. Department of Cardi­ ology. Buffalo Gen ral Ho pilal; Dennis P. Dubois. M.D .. Coronary Car Unit. Bu[Talo Gen­ eral. and Milford C. Maloney. M.D.. chair• man. Department of Medicin , Mercy Hospital. This offering meets criteria for 7 credit hours in Category l of the Phy ieians Re ogni­ lion Award of the Amer­ ican Medical Associa­ tion. It is also accept­ able for 7 prescribed hours by the Am rican • Continued inside back cover �Calendar Reuniondus chairpersons(smallerphotos,left to right):Row l. Dr. Ro~rl Milch '68; Dr. Charles Tiront '63. Row 2. Dr. Harold l. Graff '48; Dr. William H. Georti '43. Row 3. Dr. ThelmaBrock '28; Dr. LucienPoten­ za '58. Row 4. Dr. MichaelSullivan '53; Dr. Judith Landau '48. Row 5. Dr. WallerKing '28; Dr. Kevin O'Gorman'43. (Immediateleft) Dr. £. Grey Dimond, the 1983 StodclonKimball Ledure.(Top);and Dr. J. Cur­ tis Hellriegel, chairman,50th Anniversary Class (bottom). Coronaries '' E All you want to know about them v rything You Always Wanted To Know About Coronaries But Were Afraid to Ask," was the theme of the 46th Annual Medical Spring Clinical Day held in the ballroom of the Buffalo Marriott Inn (Millersport Hwy. near the UB Amherst Campus). Saturday, May 7. The event opened with an early morning continental breakfast. Class Reunions w r held in the ev ning. The first cientific se ion of the day tiegan with ""Ir atment of You. The Phy­ a presentation given by sician. Pre. During and Po t Myocardial Infarction." Dr. Robert Hall. a UB medical alumnus of the Class of '48, who is now clinical profes or of medicine. Baylor College of M dicine. and medical director. 1exas Heart In titute. Houston. UB Medical D an John aughton, who d v lop d the widely used aughton stress test to ass physical fitne • talked on "R habilitation Exercises and Stress 1esting" at 8:50. Simon H. St ntzer. M.D .. assistant professor of clinical medicin . ew York Medical College, followed at 9:10. Stentzer who is also chief. Hemodynamic Laboratory. and director, interventlonal cardiology, Lenox Hill Hospital, ew York. dlscu sed '"Iransluminal Coronary Anglioplasty." A panel discussion ended this bloc"k of programming. Moderator for thes fir t three s ssions was Joseph A. Zizzi, clinical a ociate professor of medicine. UB, and medical director. Eri aunty Medi al Center. anoth r 1948 UB School of Medicine alumnu . The second half of the morning ses ion featured presentations on: "In­ tra Aortic Balloon Pumping.·· by Theodore L. Biddle, M.D., associate professor of medicine. Univ rsity of Rochester. and director. Int n iv Car Unit. Strong Memorial Ho pita!: "Surgical Tr atment of Acute Evolving Myocardial Infarc­ tion . · · by Jack J. Leonard. M.D .. thoracic cardiova cular surgeon. Sacred Heart Medical C nter. Spokane, Washington; and "Coronary Art ry Bypa Surgery: Long 'Ierm Effect.' by Robert J. Hall. Frank J. Bolgan, clinical a ociate professor of surgery at UB and chairman of the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Millard Fillmore Ho pita), moderated these di cu ions. Again, a panel discussion followed. A bu iness meeting of the Alumni Association int rvened before th Annual Medical Alumni Luncheon and Stockton Kimball Memorial Lectur . which was given by E. Grey Dimond. M.D., distinguished professor of medicine. Univer ity of Mis ouri, Kansas City. Author of 21 books and 320 articles. Or. Dimond arncd hi M.O. at the Univer ity of Indiana and ha b n a distingui hed proi ssor of medicine al UMKC from 1968 to the pr cnt. He i al o a con ultant on health affairs lo lhc chancellor of that institution. wher he erv d for eleven years as provo t of health ciencc . He ha visit d the Peoples Republic of China three lime a group I ad r of medical education t am for the Chin e Medical Association. A on ultant on the Chin language edition of JAMA. the Journal of the Am ri an Medical A ociation. he al o is an honorary proi ssor at the Shanghai M di al College. On Saturday vening. reunion were held for the classes of 1928, 1933. 1938, 1943. 1948, 1953. 1958. 1963. 1968 and 1973. A full report on Clinical Days will app ar in h July Physician. BUFFALO PHYSICIAN • 31 �1920 Gift of sight returns Maxwell Lockie. M'29. L internationally known author­ ity on arthrltls. wa honored at a urprlse party in hi office on the 50th anniversary of hi profe · ional career. He tarted arthrlti clinic at John Hopkin Medical Institute. Baltimore: Buffalo General. Children's and Meyer Ho pital Dr. Lock.le was founder and past pr ident of th Ar­ thrill Foundation of We tern ew York and a pa t pr id nt of the American RheumaU m Asso­ clallon . T h gift of ight ha unexpectedly r turn d lo a young Cleveland phy­ ician who la l pring b came th first blind ludcnt lo gradual from UB's School of Medicine. Physicians are puzzled at the return of Dr. George Rafferty's eyesight. but the affable red-haired resident at Cleveland's Univer i­ ty Ho pital and his family ar ecstatic. Rafferty. who several years ago under­ went surgery to correct detached retinas. uffered from inoperable cataract and macular degeneration. a condition more prevalent in the eld rly. But neither. said physician , appeared the cau of the grow­ Ing blindness and piercing pain b hind the eyes which began its downhill course as he entered his junior year of medical school at UB. A Cleveland ophthalmologi t peculates the vision loss which left young Dr. Raffer­ ty blind may have been cau ed by optic neuritis which, over time. corrected itself. But no one can ever be certain as to why last fall the young resident in p ychiatry and father of two began to see the outline of doorway where before he could at b st only distinguish betw en llghtn and dark. "I had given up all hope that I would ever ee again," he says. And as the pain began to lessen and the vision continued to im­ prove. he became fearful that he might have a brief return of his sight only to lose it once again. R afferty. who b fore his vision los had planned a career in psychiatry to pecializ in treating the emotional pro­ blems of those with chronic or terminal il­ lness. waited for everal weeks to tell his family of his returning sight. "J had visited the ophthalmologist one day and during the vi it b came aware that I could actually see him." relates an excited Dr. Rafferty. When he returned home.he told his wife, Cathie. that he didn't want h r hopes up but h b licv d his vision had returned. Mrs. Rafferty and th couple's youngsters. Adam. who i nine. and Jaime. 5. are ecstatic. ··we Ju t can't believe that this has hap­ pened.' sh says. "and neither can George!" Whil doctors in Cleveland can give no guarantee that Dr. Rafferty's new-found vi­ ion is permanent. the young physician and his family believe in being optimistic. During the past ten years, they" have become experts at making the b st of what appeared to be "bad breaks." Raf~ rty suffered detached r tlnas in 1978, which were surgically and succe ful32 • BUFrLAO PHYSICIAN 1930 A. ~arch. M'31. reports T homas he i seml-r llred and do " occasional con ulting ." He retired a dir ctor of the VA Ho pital, Tucoma, Washington in 1973. Dr. Marsh I II t din Who' Who In the We t. T homa retired G. McDonough. M'36. in 1981. He had been clinical director. U.S. Public Health Service of W stern ew York. He also rved as an inurance medical examiner from 1972 -1981. Dr. luffuty at Cleveland Hospital. ly reattached. but he was told that he could not return to his job In Lockport. .Y.which had involved bending and lifting. That kind of work wa out forever. A high chool graduate who had up un­ til then worked as a laborer. truck driver and sometime guitar player. he was sent to ew York State's Office of Vocational Rehabilitation. There he told hi counselor he would like to go to college. Funds were made available and four years later, he graduated from UB with a 3.9 average and a double major in psychology and biology. Fired by his academic succe s and a growing dream of becoming a physician. he applied to UB' School of Medicine and wa accepted. But halfway through his freshman year, he became aware that the vision in the upper nasal quadrant of hi left eye had worsened. Examination by several phy ician in Buf­ falo and New York City revealed the macular degeneration. which had no cure. He was told his sight would worsen and he would probably become blind. With help from variou agencie and his family. how v r. he continued his medical studie . While the Rafferty are celebrating th return of his vision. there was one sad note. Ember, the young German Shepherd guide dog which Dr. Rafferty acquired nearly a year ago. had to be returned. "It was heartbreaking for all of us but Ember is a working dog who would have not b en happy a just a 'p t'," he say . • - M. B. Spina 1940 T. Donovan. Jr .. M"43. ha John retired after 32 years of ervice in radiology at Lockport Memor­ ial Ho pital. He served an intern­ ship at Sisters and upon comple­ tion of his residency at Meyer. h and his family moved to Lockport. Dr. Donovan has serv­ ed as president of the 8th District Branch of the Medical Society of the State of w York. president of the iagara County Medical Society and chief of the m dical staff at LMH. Jame retired Macalu o. M'44. ha after rving the Lockport M mortal Ho pita! for 36 years In family practlc . He I a member of the Lockport Academy of Medicine. A. Muell r. M'44. of Helmut West Vancouver. B . Canada, has been elected vie president of the American College of Radiology . H is director of diagnostic radiology at the Cancer Control Ag ncy of Brit! h Columbia and clinical profe or of radiology at the Univ rsity of British Columbia in Van ouv r. From 1950 to 1974, Dr. Mueller was a radlologi t at five lcxas ho pltals and maintained a �-·------------ -------- ------- ------ ---------------------------private practice In Dalla and Ir­ ving. He was al o a clinical In­ structor at the University of Southwe t lexas Medical School In Dallas. In 1974 he became dir ctor of the department of radiology at Aspen Vall y Ho pitaJ. and was a clinical in­ structor at the University of Col­ orado Medical School in Denver. Dr. Mueller joined the faculty of medicine at th University of British Columbia in 1979. M. Souder. M"44, is Byron retired and living at 2291 Har­ rison Street, Santa Clara, Califor­ nia 95050. P aul L. Weygandt. M'44, has retired from private practice (Orthopaedics) and currenUy conducts VA evaluation two day a week. He lives ac 871 Sycamor Lane. Akron. OH 44313 . Herbert r ntly E. Joyce, M'45. i cur­ acting chairman and clinical assistant profe or of family medicine. UB. Prior to June. 1982, he was in private practice full-time. He resld at 10 Gothi Ledge. Lockport. Y 14094. Eugene fessor R. Mindell. M'45, pro­ and chairman of Or­ thopaedics. UB, was rec ntly lected president-elect of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery and will serve as presi­ dent of the Am rican Board of Or­ thopaedic Surgery from July 1983 to July 1984. Desmond Coughlin, M'47. Joyce is a cllnical assi tant profc r of urology at Duke University. She i active In ra1 local, tale and national profe ional ocietles and is director of First Union atlonal Bank in North Carolina, orfolk Southern Railway. and the University of orth Carolina Asheville Founda­ tion. Dr. Coughlin live at 414 Vanderbilt Road. Asheville. C 28803. J. Enright, M'48, is an Tahomas sistant clinical profe or of surgery at Duke University . H 1 a i tant chief of surgical ervtce at the VA Medical Center in Asheville. C. and a contributor to the recently publi hed tex­ tbook on "Surgical Infectious Disea ... Dr. Enright lives at 21 Stockwood Drive. Asheville. NC 28803 Bernhard. M'49. Harold elected secretary of was the American Coll ge of Gastroen­ terology at its recent annual meeting in cw York City. He is a clinical associate profe or of medicine at the Medical School and ga tro nterology chief at Millard f'illmore Hospital. 1950 Pinke!, M '5 I. of Duarte. Donald California, has been appointed chairman of the department of pediatrics at lemple University School of edicine and St. Chrl topher 's Ho pilal for Children. Since 1978. Dr . Pink I ha been chairman of pediatrics and senior physician at the Familian Children· Center, City of Hope ational Medical Center In Duarte. Prior to that he wa the nrst chairman of the department of pediatric at the Medical Col­ lege of WI consin and pediatn­ cian-ln-chlef at Milwaukee Ch lid· ren's Ho pita!. He also erved a medical director of St. Jude Children· Ho pita! and wa pro­ fessor of pediatrics and preven­ tive medicine at the University of lennessee from 1961 to 1973. Dr . Pinke! ha erved a chief of pediatrics at Ro well Park and wa re carch fellow at the Children· Cancer Research f'oundatlon. Children· Ho pltal Medical Center in Bo ton. Dr. Pinkers numerous honors - all for his work In leukemia - Include the 1972 Albert Lasker Award for Medical Research, the David Kamofsky Memorial Award of the American Society for Clinical Oncology in 1978, and the Zimm rman Priz for Cancer Research, Hanover, Germany, In 1979. G. Borman. M '48. ovember from the United States Air Force . H resides at 635 We twood Dr.. Ab rdeen. MD 21001. Medicine . He has a private prac­ tice in Pittsfield. Simp on William . M'58 . Jame has been appointed chairman of the departm nt of urgery at Millard Fillmore Ho pita!. J. Pl tman. M'54, was 1960 Robert elected chief of staff at St. artin S. Clare's Hospital , Schcn ctady , wher he continues to rve as chief of urology. He lives at 2170 Lynnwood Dr .. Schenectady. Y. .David Ben-Asher. M'56. is a Mclinical a sociate of internal Wayne, M'60, ha Mbeen elected pre id nt of the Society of Medical Psychoanalyists. He Is a linical a sl tant profe or of psychiatry at cw York Unlver ity School of Medicine . medicine at the University of Arizona Colleg of Medicine. He J a member and past chairman of the Arizona Board of Medical Examiners. and a member of veral other local and national ocietlcs. Dr. Asher resides at 5635 E. 7th Street. Tue on. AZ 85711. R. Gacek, M'56 , has Rbeichardn professor and chairman of otolaryngology at Upstate Medical Center (SU Y) ince 1977. He i adjunct profe or of communicative di orders at Syracu Univ r ity and i also associated with the Institute for Sensory Research. Before coming to Syracuse he was a so lated with the University of Massachu­ setts Medical C nter. Harvard Medical School. Massachu el Eye and Ear Infirmary. The physician-educator has authored or co-authored 108 articles for scientific journals; Is a member of 15 national profes ional organization ; has received everal honors from professional societies; and ha served on numerous national medical com­ mittees. Dr. Gacek lives at 4921 Thnglewood Lane. Manl!u . Y 13210. Dr. Btrn&ltill '61 M. Bern t in. '61. clinical Joel a I tant profe or of otolaryn­ gology and pediatric . delivered two lecture at the Fifth Buffalo International Symposium on All rgy & Immunology, Toronto. Canada. Hi topics were: Slnu ill : and The Role of lgE Mediated Hyp rscn ltlvlty In Otitl Media. Dr. B rn teln wa also a guest speaker at th XII In­ ternational All rgology Associa­ tion in London in October and at the University of San Diego. His topic: "lmmunopathology of Rhlnll! ... herman Waldman. M'57. Sclinical E. Desanti . M'61. assistant profes or of Carlo chairman of the department pediatrics. has been elected to the nallonal board of tru tees of the Leukemia Society of America. He is past president of the ociety's W Y chapter and vice chairman of its national patient-aid committee . James Col.retired In l of ophthalmology and president of the medical staff of St. Mary' Ho pital. Rochester. eo.vYork. He ls an assistant professor of urgery at the Univer lty of Roche ter. L. Eis nbcrg. M'58. a M. Hochberg. M'61. ls Benson Howard radiologist in Randolph, New vice pre id nt of Monitoring G eorge L. Collins. Jr .. M'48. ha been elected chairman of the board of trustees of the Medical Society of th State of e\V York. He i a cancer research cientist at Ro well Park. clinical a istant profe sor of medicine at the Medical School. and a tru tee of the State University of New York . Classnote Hampshire. is erving a two-year term as president of the New Hampshire Radiology So iety. Products Group, Squibb Medical Sy terns. He live at 144 74 156th Ave. E. Woodinville. WA 98072. ason A. Red r. M'58. i an tephen C. Scheiber, M'64. of Jassistant STucson. professor of ob tetrlcs A r izona, has been Dr. Collins '48 and gynecology at the Universi­ ty of Ma sachus tts School of -------------------------------------------------------------....1 elected as a Pellow in the Ameri­ can College of Psychialri ts. He is BUFFA LO PHYSICIAN• 33 �■ co ditor of a new book, The Im­ paired Physician published by Plenum. Catanzaro, M"65, i an Antonino a oclate pro~ s or of medi­ cine at the University of Califor­ nia at San Diego. He is acUve in everal local. state and national profe ional societle , and ha authored and co-authored numerous article for profc sionai journal . Dr. Catanzaro's addres is University Hospital. 225 Dickerson Street. San Diego, CA 92103. L ance Fogan, M'65. is chief of the department of neurology. Kaiser Foundation Hospital. Panama City. California. and assistant clinical profe or at UCLA. Or. Fogan is chairman of the Medical Advt ory Board, Southern California Chapter, a­ tional Multiple Sclero is Society and also secretary-treasurer of the Los Angeles Society of eurology and Psychiatry. B. Serfustini. '66. is Aannthony associate clinical pro~ ssor of surgery and a member of the ports medicine department at the University of Nevada. He is national "on-site" evaluator for the American Physical Therapy A soclation. He lives at 3375 E. Maule St.. Las Vega . V 89120. lan M. Wag hul, M'66. whose Aspecialty i neurology, was one of 15 phy lcian in Florida appoint d to the Governor's Com­ rnitlee to Investigate insurance fraud . Dr . Wagshul is a clinical a sociate professor at the Univer­ sity of Miami and a guest lectur r at Florida International Unlverlty. R. Dantzker, M'67, will be David moving to Hou ton, Toxas in July 1983 to become professor of medicin at the University of Toxas Science Center and direc­ tor of the division of pulmonary medicine. Dr. Dantzker is cur­ rently an associate profe sor of medicine at the University of Michigan. L. Tl"eger. M'67. has a Calvin private practice in derma­ tology/internal medicine. He is assistant clinical profes or of medicine at the University of Washington. Seattle . W. Albert specialist Biglan. M'68. a In pediatric ophthalmology, wa recently pro­ moted to clinical a sociate pro­ fe or of ophthalmology at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Btglan Is the author and co­ author of numerous paper and articles for professional Journal . He Is currently erving a ex­ ecutive director of the American Diopter and Decibel Society. L. Smith, M'69. is pro­ Wilbur fessor of pediatrics and radiology at the University of Iowa . He co-authored "GasLroln­ testinal Imaging in Pediatrics" Lippencott. June 1982. Dr. Smith is director of pedlaLric radiology and director of educa­ tion-radiology at the University of Iowa. He lives at 2271 Cae Drive, Iowa City. The Elli ons have three childr n, Tl"avi . Heather, and A hley and their home addre s is Box 808. K ams Canyon, AZ 86034. W. Garro\vay. Neilassistant clinical M'70. is an professor of medicine at the University of Rochester. He is director of am­ bulatory service at Genesee Hospital and resides at 101 Thackery Road, Rochester, Y 14610. , M'70. clinical RasusselloclateMassaro in medicine/family medicine. has been elected the first president of the New York State Office of Mental Health Medical Staff President' Organization. Dr. Mas aro is pre Id nt of the medical-dental staff at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center. Bob, M'72. was recent­ Harold ly elected to the Board of Tl"ustecs of the Balllmore Coun­ ty General Hospital Foundation. He wa also named chairman of the Legislative Commission for the Maryland Academy of Fami­ ly Practice. 1980 Lawrence S. Pohl. Since M"72. has been medical direc­ tor of Raleigh Hills Hospital. an alcohol rehabilitation facility in the San Diego area. He is in fami­ ly medicine and live at 1819 Hid­ den Mesa Road. El Cajon, CA 92020. tephen Welk. M'72. ha been Scertified as a Diplomat of the 1970 Ellison, M'70, specializes in Carlpediatric and is currently Lhe pediatrician for the Hopi Indian ReservaUon In orthem Arizona . American Practice. R Board of Family ichard M. Green. M'73. was elected president of the Ven- tura County Chapter of the American Heart As ociatlon for 1982-83. He Is a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology and lives at 3445 1\vln Lake Rtdge, We tlake Village. CA 91361. R. Goldstein. M'74. Is in Howard private practice In Will­ ingboro. ew Jersey. His special­ ty Is adult and pediatric urology. Dr . Goldstein is author and co­ author of numerous articles and papers for professional journals. He writes that he and his wife Judy have three children. Lee. Lauren and Daniel. F. Marra. M'74, I director J ohn of the invasive laboratory. Maryland General Hospital. Baltimore. He wa the 1981 reci­ pient of the Golden Apple Award given by the hospital house staff to recognize dedication and ex­ cellence In medical teaching. Szymula. Norbert been named to M'74. has veral posi­ tions with the American Aca­ demy of Otolaryngic Allergy. He was appointed assistant chair­ man of the public education com­ mittee; elected a voting council member: and will erve on the faculty at a postgraduate seminar in fundamentals of otolarynglc allergy sponsored by th Univer­ sity of Tonnessee College of Medicine . Dr. Szymula is a clinical as istant professo r of oto­ laryngology at the Medical School. Drazek. M'76. i in George private practice in ophthal­ mology at the Wichita Clinic and a part-time clinical instructor at Kansas University School of WE'D LIKETO SEEYOU HERE Please send the latest information about yourse lf, toge ther with a photo if possible, to the Buffalo Physician so your classmates can keep in touch with you. Use the conve­ nient form on the back cover of this issue. 34 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �• Classnotes Medicine. His wife. Jane. specializes In rehabilitation medl· cine and is staff psychiatrist at St. Jos ph Medical Center. They have two son - Andrew (4 years) and Chri topher (1 year) - and re Ide at 312 S. B lmont. WI hita. KS 6721 . Marshall bana. going into private cardiolo~y pracllc in Connecticut." r P. Bowers. '78. i now a Rogccrttned pccialist in nu I ar medicine. He Is an a ociat in diagnostic radiology at th Guthrl Clinic and Rob rt Packer Ho pital. Sayre. PA. A. Fogel. M'76, of Ur­ Illinois. has been elected to Fellow hip in the Am rican College of Phy ician . Dr. Fogel. asp ciali t In internal medicine. I on the taIT of the Mercy. Burnham. and Cole Ho • pltal . obin H. Adair. M'79. recently Rgave birth to a son. Loren Mat­ E. Billi. M'77. I an instruc­ John tor in the department of inter­ nal medicine at the University of Michigan Medical School. He is directing the Advanc d Cardiac Lw Support training program for th University of Michigan and live at 12815 Drury Lane. Plymouth, Ml 48170. Seltzer. M'77. write "I Jeffrey wlll be completing a one-year fellow hip in cardiac pacemakers through th orth American So­ ciety of Pacing and Electrophysio­ logy. In Jun 1983. and wlll be Dr. Bowers '78 A. Paroski. Jr .. M'78. Paul in tructor in pediatric is an and preventive medicine at the University of Medicin and D n­ ti try of J. and a clinical in- D R. H. PAUL LO GSTRETH. M'45, DIED ON OVEMBER 7. 1982 , after a lengthy illness. A native of Pittsburgh, Dr. Longstreth attended the Univer­ sity of Buffalo from 1938 Lo 1941 as a pre-medical student lhen enrolled In the Medical School, graduallng in 1945. He interned at Allegheny General Ho pital In Pittsburgh, and returned to Buffalo in 1946 as re !dent physician in pathology and Internal medicine at E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital until 1950. After four years of private practice. Dr. Long tr th served with the Army Medical Corps as a Major at Valley Forge Army Hospital. Returning to Buffalo. he was assi tant dean and chairman of admissions at the Medical School from 1957 lo 1959 and was assistant profe sor of medicine until he moved to Athens In 1978 to Join Health Services at the University of Georgia. He retired ln I 980. Dr. Longstreth had been a fellow of the American College of Chest Physician and a member of the Erl County MedJcal Society. the State Medical SocieLy and the American Medical Association. He was a past pre idenl of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. a Diplomat of the American Board of Int rnal Medicine and its subspecialty Board of Pulmonary Disease. • D tructor in pediatric at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. H i director of the pediatric reidency program and a lstant dir ctor of pediatric at Newark B th I rael Medical Center. He i active In ev raJ profe ional oclelie and re ide at 114 Willoughby Ave .. Brooklyn. NY 11205. R. WARRENS. SMITH, M'29. A GENERAL PRACTITION­ er in the Town of Tonawanda area for 40 years. died Oc­ tober 30 In Bluff Point, where he had lived since retiring in 1975. He was 77 years old. Dr. Smith formerly was head of the general practice depart­ ment at Kenmore Mercy Ho pita! and a mem b r of Its medical staff for 25 years. In 1980 he was the first recipient of the ho pital's Sister of M dical Examiners. While at UB he won the Bu well Student Re carch Award. the John Wat­ son Award In Medicine and the Upjohn Research Award. Jo eph Gagliardi. Njoined the multi M"79. ha peclalty clinic In Longmont. Colorado. He completed hi r idency in Jun . 1982. He is living at 1100 Holly Ave.. Longmont. olorado 0501. Benham, M'80. i chief Strephcn Idem of the East Tonne e th w. She i a part-time clinical instructor at Georg Washington University where he pecializes in pediatrics. She lives at 1757 Redgate Farms Ct.. Rockville. MD 20850. State Univer tty Family Practice Re idency Program. The Ben­ hams have a daughter born June 24. 1982. Canty. M'79. John glv n a $12.000 Laires Campb II, M'81. Barbara writ from an Jo c. Califor­ ha be n Fellow hip from the cw York Ind p ndent Order ofOddfellow . Dr. Canty. a second-year fellow in cardiology. \Ya one of two cw York r ear­ chers to receiv the award. It I the first time in the award' 20-year hi tory that it ha been given to a Buffalo phy ician. Dr. Canty i an a ociatc, Am rican College of Phy ician and the Am rican College of Cardiology and a Diplomate. ational Board nia, that she and her hu band Kenneth have a son. Douglas Paul born August 4. 1981. After a five month leave of ab ence from Kaiser Ho pital, Dr. Campbell is In her econd year in Internal medicine. William . M"81. Freredidency lralning and is in living at 4016 Murdock Avenue, Bronx, Y 10466. Deaths Mechtilde Memorial Award. named for the ho pital' founding adminl trator. Dr. Smith did hi Intern hip at Buffalo General Hospital and worked for the U.S. Public Health Service in Buffalo in the early 1930' b fore entering private practice. • D R. ROBERT FRANZ. M"49. DIED OCTOBER 30 I HIS home in Lake View. following a long llln . He wa 65. He retired from practice in Buffalo about ix years ago due to his health. At that time Dr. Franz was attending urologist at Buffalo General and Children' , and wa an assistant clinical professor of urology at UB. He erved an lnternship at the former Meyer Memorial Ho pttal. Dr. Franz wa a urologist at Veteran Ho pltal. and also served on the staff of St. Joseph lntercommunity Hospital and SI ters Hospital. Dr. F'ranz was the first urologist in Western ew York to utilize aortography as a dtagno Uc measure. He headed a pro­ ject to tudy, diagnose and treat urinary cancer involving a group of employee of the former allonal Aniline Co. He erved a medical officer of the 23rd General Hospital at Fort Meade. MD. and a a I nd lease officer with the Allied Command in Paris. Dr. F'ranz was a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He was a member of the American Board of Medical Ex­ aminers: American Board of Urologists: American Urological Association and its ortheast Section: n-oop I Post 665. American Legion: as weU a the American Medical Assocla­ llon and th Cate and county medical ocletie . He was a charter member and pa t president of the Buffalo Urological Society and the Medical Union of Buffalo. • ------------------------------------------------------------- BUFFALOPHYSICIAN• 35 �Deaths W. BAETZ DIED DECEMBER 13 I BUF­ DfaloRICHARD General Hospital. The 68-year-old ob tetrician was R. born In Lorain, Ohio, where he graduated from Oberlin Col­ lege and We tern Res rve University. Dr. Baetz began his Buf­ falo practice In 1946 and wa a oclated with both Buffalo General Ho pltal and Children's Hospital. He was al o a clinical assistant professor of Gyn/Ob at the Medical School. In addition Dr. Baetz wa well known as a researcher on fetal mortality, and during the 1950's and 1960's he worked on several projects under the sponsorship of the federal government. Dr. Baetz belonged to the Erie County Medical Society and the Buffalo Academy of Medlclne. He also served as president of both the Ro well Park Medical Society and the ew York State Obstetricians and Gynecologists Association. • HOR1'0 . M'30. DIED OF LUNG CA CER Don ARTHUR November 7 In Bluff Point, ew York, at the age of 78. R. J. He wa a Diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine. a Fellow of the College of Physician . and a member of the Up tale Society of Internal Medicine. • ARTHUR SIEGEL DTEDO JANUARY 31. 1983 DIn LOUIS Los Angeles, wher he had lived since 1946. R. The 83-year-old ob tetriclan and gynecologist was on staff at Buffalo General from 1930 to 1946. Born in ew York. he graduated from the Medical School In 1923. ln Lo Angeles. Dr. Siegel was an associate attendant and clinical professor emeritus of ob/gyn at the former Cedars of Lebanon Hospital. He was a member of the Erle County and New York State Medical Societies. Maimonides Medical Society, James A. Gib­ on Anatomical Society. and a Diplomat of the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology. • KULOWSKI. M'25, DECEMBER 23. 1982. ST. JJoACOB eph, MO: age 82. Specialty: Orthopaedic Surgery. Dr. Kulowski was born In Odessa, Ru la, he came to the United State in 1905. He trained as an orthopaedic surgeon and later became an associate professor at University of Iowa Medical School in Iowa. He b gan his medical career in St. Joseph in 1934 where he practiced medicine until his retirement in 1975. Dr. Kulowski was a member oflemple Adath Joseph, St. Joseph Lodge No. 78, A.F. & A.M.. a 32nd degree Scottish Rite Mason. a member of th Moila lemple Shrine and was chair­ man of the St. Joseph Ho pita) building campaign In 1954. Dr. Kulowskl was the author of two books on automotive safety and served as a con ultant to the automotive indu try. A navy veteran of World War II. he erved from 1942 to 1946 as an orthopaedic surgeon for the Pacific fleet and at­ tained the rank of commander. Dr. Kulowski is surviv d by his wife. Margaret. and five children. • R.HUBER HAMMA . MD '33. JULY 11. 1982. • F. PRESTEL. MD '40. SEPTEMBER 28. T HOMAS 1982. Buffalo. .Y. • CARL E. ARBESMA . 71. DIED SEPTEMBER 8 I DBuffalo General Hospital. The physician achieved Inter­ R. national acclaim as a dlagno tlcian and r earcher In the field of allergies and immunology. Dr. Arbe man. clinical professor of medicine and microbiology. director of the allergy research laboratory. and former director of the allergy division (1944-1976) at the Buf­ falo General Hospital. was elected president of the Interna­ tional A ociatlon of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. for a 3-year term. at the 10th International Congress. which was held In Jerusalem in ovember. 1979. 36 • BUFFALO PHYSICIAN Dr. Arbesman attained his M.D. at the University of Buf­ falo School of Medicine In 1935. and, soon after. completed allergy training at the Johns Hopkins School ofMedlcine. He opened his practice in Buffalo In 1939. sp cializing in medicln and allergy. In 1945. he organized the Allergy Research Laboratory at the Buffalo General Hospital. He became chief of lhe allergy division of lhe Buffalo General Hospital In 1944. a position that he held for 32 years. Dr. Arbesman was a member of many professional societies and h held honorary fellowships in many foreign organizations. such as the Brlti h, Canadian. Brazilian. Venezuelan. and Peruvian Societies of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. H also served on numerou committees and boards and con• trlbuted handsomely to the field. He once headed a team of scientists who received a grant from the ational In tltute of Allergy and lnfectlou Disease to study the feasibility of producing a d en ltizlng extract to protect usceptible p rsons against the ill effects of in ct sting . An avid golfer and squash player. he held the singles bad­ minton championship at the Montefiore Club for 10 year .• OLDHAM, M'38, DIED SEPTEMBER 14, D1982.J. REVITT in Clearwater. Florida. after a long illness. The R. Lockport physician served as city and county doctor for 38 years. He was also staff chief of Lockport Memorial and Mount View Hospitals and served on the Lockport board of health. Dr. Oldham did his undergraduate work at Notre Dame. He took his intern hip and residency at Buffalo General Hospital. During WW II, he was naval flight surgeon In the Pacific. Dr. Oldham wa active in boating and flying. He held a private pilot' licen e for 30 years. He was al o a breeder of how horse which he exhibit d in Canada. Pennsylvania and ew York. He retired from general practice in Lockport, Y, in August 1978 and moved to Belleair Beach. Florida. • R. J. FREDERICK PAINTON. M'27. DIED OCTOBER 8. Hi Dage was 78. The as oclate clinical professor of medicine erved as chief of medicine at Millard Fillmore Hospital from 1946 to 1971. At one time he was director of medJcal educa­ tion at th hospital. Dr. Painton was president of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine in 1957. He was a Diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine and was head of the W st m ew York Society of Internal Medicine. Dr. Painton served with the Army Medical Corps from 1941 to 1946. He retired from practice in 1975. He served on the UB Council from 1948 until the merger with the State. and was am mber of the Medical School's screening board. He did graduate work at Yale and Harvard and took his residency at M yer Memorial Hospital. He was active in several professional organizations. • R. CHARLES BULL. 64, A BUFFALO PHYSICIA FOR 22 Dyear. died Wednesday morning. March 23. 1983, in ew Rochelle Hospital Medical Center. Born February 5. 1919. in Columbia, S.C., he received hi B.A. from Lincoln University. Pa .. In 1940 and his M.D. from Howard Univ rsity In 1945. After an Internship at Homer G. Phillips Hospital. he took a re idency at Mercy Dougla Ho pita! in Philadelphia and the VA Medical Center In Buffalo. He entered private practic in Chester. S.C.. in I 94 7, and erved as a Captain in the U.S. Army Medical Corp from 1952-1955. Dr. Bull moved to Buffalo in 1957 where. after residency. he rved on th staff of the VA Medical Center from 1959-1981. In 1960, he joined the faculty of the UB Medical School as clinical associate in medicine and was cited on May 26. 1982, for long and outstanding ervice to the University, especially with the admission committee. During hi many years on the taff of Deacone Hospital. he served a term as chief of taff. He was also on th staff of The Buffalo General Hospital. He i urvived by his wife and 4 childr n. �From page 30 Calendar continues Academy of Family Physicians. For Cana­ dian thi program i ace ptable for 7 study credit hours for th ol • lege of Family Physi • cians of Canada. THE 6TH NATION AL BUFFALO CONFERENCE ON PEDIATRIC/ADULT ALLERG Y AN D CLINICAL IMM UNOLO G Y • July 14-16. 1983 . The Four Sea on Hotel. Toronto. Chairmen : Elliott Mid ­ dleton. Jr .. M.D .. and Elliot F. Elli . M.D . 20 hours. Fee: $275 physi­ cians in practice: 150 allied health profe · ionals. o- ponsorcd by the Department of Pediatric . Children Hospital and UB: Conti ­ nuing Medical Educa­ tion. UB. and the Scher­ i ng Corporation of America . Dao. "Modern Management Con• cepts in Leukemia and Lymphoma. " THE 15TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AD­ VANCE S IN PEDI ­ ATRI CS. • Augu t 12-14. 1983 . Dunfcy·s Hyanni Hotel. Cap Cod. Hyanni . ta achu Lt . Chairman. Elliot F. Elli . 18 hour . Fee: 275 phy icians in practice: $150 allied health pro~ sional . Thoma Thur day. May 19. 1983. Chairp rson. Dr. Edward Hender on. "Disciplinary Ap • proach to Adoles­ cent Oncology. " Thur day. June 16. 1983 . Chairperson. Dr am ron Tubbi. All pro­ gram in thi rlc arc held at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Fee for ach ar : 45 phy i­ cians : 15 residents and allied health profes­ sionals . o fee for stu· dents. Prior registralion encourag d. Contact Gayle B r ani. R cancer ontrol coor• dinator . 845-4406 . Th seminars qualify for atcgory I credit toward the A.M .A. Phy­ sicians Recognition Award. pre rib d cre­ dit by the American Academy of Family Phy lcian and Category 2-0 credit by the American Osteo ­ pathic Association. The mlnars are co • pon­ sor d by the Cancer FRONTIERS OF DRUG THERAPY • Marriott Inn. September 10. 1983. Spon ored by Continuing Medical Education. UB . DIABETES • Marriott Inn . September 15 . 1983 . Sponsored by onlinuing Ml'dical Education. UB. NEPHROLOGY • Buf­ falo Hilton . Sept mb r 22. 19 3. Sponsor d by onlinuing Medical Education. UB. ONCOLOGY SEMINAR SERIES • "Clinical and Basic Aspects of Breast Cancer." Thursday. May I 3. Chairperson. 12. Dr Control Program of Ro w II Park and the American anc r Society. cw York ity Div! ion. and Erie County Unit. THE FIRST INTERNA ­ TIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCESIN CHILD NEUROLOGY • June 15-17, 19 3. heraton ­ Brock Hotel. iagara Falls. Ontario. Michael ohcn. M .D. and William Logan M.D .. chairmen 20 hours . Fe 275 phy icians in practic : 150 allied ht·alth professionals. Sponsored by the Dc ­ partm nt of Pediatrics. UB. and Children' Ho • pital: Continuing Medi­ cal Edu allon . UB. and the Hospital for Sick Children. Toronto. LABORATORY UPDATE FOR THE CLINI CIAN • Topic in Chemistry Testing . Marriott Inn. June 16. 1983 . Sponsored by Continuing Medical Education . UB. Call 831 -2766 for detail . ~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111111 NOPOSTAC[ STA MP E ESSARY IF M AILED I THE U ITID STA.TIS BUSINESS FIRST CLASS REPLY CARD P£RM IT '0. 2.ZJ0 BUFFALO •. 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Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. 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Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1983 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/63bfd072f01c0dfd8a904ed265dd706e.pdf 416661798d3c225604df4c040ac5759a PDF Text Text �Dean Naughton From the desk of John Naughton, M.D. Dean, School of Medicine Dear Alumni and Alumnae: Over the course of the past four years the curriculum committee has made a series of recommendations designed to strengthen and to enhance the educational program in the School of Medicine. I am pleased to report that in the 1982-83 academic year many of the elements of an improved curriculum are in place, and that it appears that we are on the correct course pedagogically. The first year curriculum now offers a strong preparation in the basic sciences and opportunities for individual development and expression. Physiology is now taught over the course of one year, and its faculty and those in biochemistry are working to improve testing techniques and quality. The Human Anatomy course has been rearranged to give the students better direction in attaining the goals important to future physicians. The selective and clinical preceptorship programs are gradually bridging so that issues of social relevance and early clinical opportunities can serve to reinforce one another. The second year program has undergone only slight modifi~a­ tion. Major changes have occurred in the third year. Two maJO~ changes in the third year are the program of week-long breaks ak the end of clerkship experiences and the substitution of one wee of clinical work with a required selective experience. The form~r change was designed to facilitate the work of the faculty in its ro e as educational evaluation and advisor and to provide students a.mple opportunity to reappraise their performance before movwg into the next clerkship experience. The week long selective course provides a significant opportunity to participate in small ~r?u~ didactic education with integration of basic science and chnica science material. The School of Medicine has moved away from a totally ele~­ tive fourth year by requiring three specified experiences in ~ e fourth year, thus reducing elective opportunities to a total of hv~ per student. In addition, a clinical advisor program was introduce this year. Each student will be assigned an advisor upon entry to the third year, and this individual working closely with the student will have an instrumental role in helping define the fourth year experience and guiding the student's career selection after graduation. Although the work of curricular design and modification is never complete, I think the faculty have instituted signific.ant changes designed to enhance the faculty's role in medical students' academic and professional preparation.D �Volume 16, Number 4 Winter1982 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (USPS 551-860] Published by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo EDITORIAL BOARD Editor ROBERT 5. MCGRANAHAN Dean, School of Medicine DR. JOHN NAUGHTON Photography HUGO H. UNGER EDWARD NOWAK Visual Designers RICHARD MACAKANJA DONALD E. WATKINS Associate Editor TERI ROBERTS CONSULT ANTS President, Medical Alumni Association DR. ROBERT A. BAUMLER Vice, President, Faculty of Health Sciences DR. F. CARTERPANNILL President, University Foundation JOHNM. CARTER Director of Public Affairs HARRY JACKSON 2 12 14 15 22 28 29 30 35 36 37 38 40 43 44 48 49 50 Teaching Hospitals The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center 61 68 THIS ISSUE Dean Naughton's Message (inside front cover) Spring Clinical Day 9 Classes Give $45,000 Boys Will Be Boys by O.P. Jones, Ph.D., M.D. Distinguished Professor Emeritus Barbados Seminar Graduates with Medical School Appointments Dr. Cooke Erie County Sailing/Faculty Serves Faculty Honored Athletic Day Summer Head Start Physicians Honored/MECO Research Exhibit Summer Fellowships Follies utrition Dr. Gresham Alumni Officers People The Classes In Memoriam The cover by Don Watkins depicts nutrition, pages 44-47. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, (USPS 551-860). Winter, 1982 - Volume 16, Number 4 published quarterly Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter - by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. POSTMASTER : Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Copyright 1982 by The Buffalo Physician. WINTER, 1982 1 �Th e speake rs : Drs. De nnis O 'Leary, Jam e s Phillips , Stanl ey Reise r, M ilford Mal on ey, Lawre n ce Altman , Robe rt Mil ch , Dani el Forward. Spring Clinical Day Dean John N aughton The 45th annual Spring Clinical Day drew a record crowd of approximately 300 at the Marriott Inn . In welcoming the physicians Dean John Naughton thanked them for their continuing support - especially the class gift program in its seventh year. "The day of federal and state support is dwindling; this is why we need your help in maintaining quality." The Dean predicted that by 1989 the building program for the medical school and the health sciences on the Main Street campus would be completed. This includes a new teaching center and labs , centralized animal facility and student health , and library renovation. He spoke of curriculum changes that include selective courses for first year students and the one week break betwe en clerkships. Dr. Naughton noted that the first annual parents day for first year students was a success. This fall the parents of third year students will be invited. The President of the Medical Alumni Association, Dr. Norman Chassin, M'45, spoke of the harmonious relationship with the Medical School. "Spring Clinical Days, started in 1938, was one of the first continuing medical education programs in the nation, " he said. The Physician Communicates with Sick Patients "There is a great need to communicate - especially stressful news to patients." This is what Dr. Stanley Joel Reiser said . He noted in the 5th century physicians were told to conceal things from their patients, and to turn patients attention away from what the physicians were doing. Greek doctors were told to do nothing to upset their patients. And how the doctor looked and approached the patient was very important. "The patients confidence in the doctor depended on th e physicians appearance. " The associate professor of medical history at Harvard Medical School noted that doctors treated death news very cautiously. "Often the doctor would tell a third party, who in turn would break the news to the patient and the family. The right of the patient to know was suppressed. People believed that truth would destroy the patient and harm the physician. " 2 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �In 1846 the AMA established the first code of ethics which said, physicians should not make gloomy prognostications, and only give truth when absolutely necessary. Physicians should be ministers of hope and comfort to the sick. The life of a sick person could be shortened by words from the physician, so he should avoid all words of depression. Words were as dangerous as drugs. It wasn't until the mid-nineteenth century that Oliver Wendell Holmes observed that some patients might want to know the truth. But could they stand the truth? A Yale doctor, in 1840, noted that consultants often were harmful to the patient, and that lying underminded the patient's confidence in the physician and the medical profession. He suggested that the patient should not know everything, but when asked the physician should tell the truth. An English woman physician, Dr. Saunders, who founded Hospice, suggested that patients need the truth so they can fully cooperate in therapy. Patients must be aware of what is wrong with them. In the 1960's a survey showed that 90 percent of the physicians did not tell their patients they had cancer, but 18 years later another survey revealed that 98 percent of physicians did tell their patients if they had cancer. "The modern dilemma: very few people have discussed the problems of dying. Bad news is terrible to bear for both the patient and family. No one wants to talk and the patient is suspicious. Often this transfers the burden to those less competent to cope with the situation," Dr. Reiser said. In conclusion he said, "there is no reason to withhold information from the patient, but the timing of this disclosure is important. Reveal the truth. Bad news is not as devastating to the patient as previously thought." "The patient and the family must take an active part in decision making along with the physician. This process must start from the beginning of the illness and the patient must be encouraged to ask questions." This is what Dr. Robert Milch, M'68, said. He is president, National Association of Hospice, physician, medical director, Hospice Buffalo and a clinical associate professor of surgery. "Anxiety is caused by the unknown. Understanding is important especially when the patient has a malignant disease. An atmosphere of honesty, fairness and truth must prevail," Dr. Milch said. Continuing he said, "the patient must be seen as a whole person, and each physician must be involved with the patient. The fears of the patient must be considered. They know that one-third are cured; two-thirds die." Dr. Milch noted that simple, little things are important- bedside talk at eye level; hold a hand; wipe a brow. "Pain and loneliness are most common among cancer patients. Never saynothing can be done." In conclusion Dr. Milch said, "a positive attitude by everyone - family, nurses, therapists, physician, hospital - involved in the case is important. The family must be supported by physicians who will answer questions truthfully. We must strive for even better technical and passionate care." WI TER, 1982 3 �The Physician Communicates with the Healthy Public "Medicine is daily news and medical advances have traditionally been reported in newspapers. This started in 1799 when Dr. Waterhouse used newspapers routinely." This is what the New York Times medical correspondent said. "And 183 years later newspapers are still reporting medical news and controversies such as small pox, herpes and others." Dr. Lawrence K. Altman noted that the medical profession is not a private enterprise. "Third party payments for education, research and care has caused the most recent medical interest by the public. The public pays, is involved, and is entitled to know how the money is spent. Physicians used to be entrepreneurs, but not today. Most of their income comes from third parties." The physician/columnist noted that science writers also inform the public through the press. "The medical profession is also an important part of the audience." Dr. Altman reminded his colleagues that the federal gove~n­ ment has long been a medical partner through VA and commumty hospitals and more recently civilian care in civilian hospitals. He touched on the high cost of dialysis care in hospitals and the low~r cost of dialysis care in the home. Can our government afford this under our present system? "There is much public criticism of medicaid/medicare, but only a few have been prosecuted for wrong doing." Dr. Altman related how in 1825 Dr. William Beaumont treated a patient, Saint Martin, and supported him for two years. The patient had a gunshot wound in the stomach and was known as "the man with the lid on his stomach." The physician made 238 observations of his patient's stomach. Dr. Beaumont financed his own research for eight years. According to Dr. Altman World War II brought great changes in medicine. Applied research was expanded and funded by the THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �government. Society reaped huge dividends but there was no annual report to the taxpayer. In 1970 there were some priorities set for responsibility reporting in newspapers of significant advances. Dr. Altman also made these observations: -medicine is a public institution and physicians are public servants; -rounds discussion is now public information; -the medical profession receives as much attention at the state department; -medical journalists and editors also have a public responsibility; -researchers must be accountable to the public; - an educated patient is a better patient; -don't hide medical problems from the public; - physicians must learn to communicate so people can be educated; - there must be a more honest approach by all - doctors, scientists, journalists; -credibility is the basis of good journalism; -journalists must probe more into how things are done because the taxpayer is paying the bill; -physicians must speak out to correct errors; -American public wants the best health care. "There has been great fear and disdain by doctors of the press. The public conceived researchers and physicians as arrogant because they would not share information with people through the press. Doctors have failed to meet their responsibility by not giving the people information through the press. This can be turned around if doctors will cooperate with the press and give correct information. Most people want to learn more about their bodies. Doctors have been slow and reluctant to help. Only recently have physicians filled the void by talking to consumers," Dr. Altman concluded. Drs. Walter Walls, Lawrence Carden, Richard Buckley. Dr. James Phillips, M'47, reviewed his experiences with a "Topics in Medicine" TV program that was on Channel 4 for 16 months. Some people called him "The Tuesday Doctor." Drs. Marvin Black, Samuel Shatkin, Robert Schultz, The Anthones. WINTER, 1982 5 d- �Exhibit winner: "Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty" by Dr. Neil Dashkoff, Elizabeth T. Sloan, R.N. , B.S.N., Erie Count y Medical Center. Siste r, Dr. Dynski, M '75, Dr. Jack Richert. The clinical professor of medicine noted that physicians are medical communicators to patients, relatives and family. "We are showing and talking." Dr. Phillips did not give medical advice on his TV program, but told his viewers to see their own physician if they had problems. He concentrated on telling people about the hazards of smoking. He also discussed liver and heart disease and the fraud of vitamin sales pitches. Often strangers, who had seen Dr. Phillips on TV, would approach him on the street, in restaurants or in the hospital to ask him questions. "The public has a terrific appetite for medical information . Television is great opportunity and responsibility for the medical profession because we can talk to 50 or 100,000 people. Perhaps physicians should become TV doctors," he said. Dr. Phillips praised the Buffalo medical writers for their interesting and informative articles. In conclusion he predicted that Dean Naughton would have a department of medical education information in the Medical School before the end of the century. The Physician Communicates with other Physicians The advantages of the office computer to the physician was the main thrust of Dr. Daniel J. Forward's remarks. The clinical associate professor of medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin told how he utilized the computer to keep comprehensive records of patients. "It is a great help to everyone on the health care team." Dr. Forward uses the computer for data and image transmission, digital x-ray, information retrieval, inter and intra office communication and for documentation of patient care. "It gives the physician instant access to a huge volume of material. In some cases you can have several pages of vital information at your fingertips almost instantly." 6 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �In his illustrated talk Dr. Forward displayed a multitude of information on patient X that included complete history, effectiveness of current and past medication, drug allergies, therapy, data base, and office visits. "Using the computer helps assure quality of care. It makes communication with the patient and members of the health care team easier and more efficient. Rapid calculations and evaluations can be made. It is more economical than hand written reports. The future for computers is now," Dr. Forward concluded. Questions Ignored Half of our patients don't follow our advice, according to Dr. Milford C. Maloney, M'53, and this is just one of the many pitfalls in medical communications. The clinical associate professor of medicine listed several other potential pitfalls- the government, media, HSA, third parties, hospital administration, workman's compensation and peer review. "We spend a lot of time talking to patients. We are ineffective because we ignore their questions and speak in terms that the patient cannot understand. Often we neglect to tell them about side affects of an illness or medication," Dr. Maloney said. The president of the Medical Society of Erie outlined defective interview syndromes: flawed data base, low therapeutic content, failure to demand primary data, and inappropriately high control style. "All too often physicians refer patients to a consultant and the patient is not told the whole story. Many consultants don't follow up." Successful referrals depend on the purpose and need of the referral by both the patient and the referring physician; communicating this need and purpose; attention to the problem; communicating the consultants findings to the referring physician; and deciding who takes the responsibility for the patients continuing care. "Don't ever assume that your patient understands the nature of his illness or the therapy/medication you prescribe," Dr. Maloney concluded. Drs. Dennis Pyszczynski, Virgil Boeck, Gustave DaLuiso, Frederick Painton. WI TER, 1982 7 d- �Observations from the panel discussion: -the computer revolution may be more profound on society than the industrial revolution; - computer revolution will multiply brain power; -computers are dumb; physicians must feed correct information into them; - technology and rejection of the past are features of modern medicine; -the interview is an excellent technique to verify information; - a good physicial diagnosis interview may be better than any machine; -we must use the best of the past with our modern technology. Effective Communications "It started out as a news story, but probably was the greatest one of our time." That is what Dr. Dennis S. O'Leary said of the attempted assassination on President Ronald Reagan. "We went through a very intense experience telling this story to the world." The Dean for Clinical Affairs at the George Washington University Medical Center said, "simple principles guided me in my role as a communicator. Effective communications is the secret in having things work out well. But there is a broad gray area between the publics right to know and the patient's privacy. " Dr. O'Leary listed four principles of successful communications - talk to the level of other people ; be direct, don't sell people short, they aren't stupid; put yourself in the position of your patient - change chairs with them; don't cater to one group over another. In this case the groups were - the President and his wife , the physicians who were caring for him, the hospital, media, public, government, white house staff, secret service and police. Runn er-up exhibit: " Cataract Extraction and Correction of Aph akia " by Dr. Joseph F. Monte, Robert Ley, photographer, Bu ffalo Ge neral Hospital. CATARACT EXTRACT ION Elltacapsutar 8 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Drs. Charles Tanner, John Przylucki, Robert Baumler, Norman Chassin, John Naughton, Dennis O'Leary. Dr. O'Leary noted that he was not typical of his colleagues because he grew up with a mix of physicians and journalists. "Many accused me of being anti-dramatic in my approach, and I plead guilty with intent." Third place Exhibit: " Mitral Regurgitation Secondary to Ischemic Heart Disease " by Drs. V. Balu , A.R. Zaki Masud, Joginder N. Bhayana, David Dean , Stephen He rshowitz , Veterans Administration Medical Center. MITRAL REGURGITATION-. EC0NDL >Y TO ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE V Sou~[ ..> o..d " 0 "tl .lo.J•nd.o- N Bhoyono MD ly of New Yotk at Buffalo - u ~ 0 .... ':::=:=:=:=:.. ... 0 • . ,.. H .. 0 .. D WINTER, 1982 9 d- �Dr. j effe rs on Unde rwo od, N an cy Druar. The physician-educator noted that during the first hours after the assassination attempt the TV network news commentators floundered and groped for solid information on the president's condition. "I felt sorry for them because there was a news vacuum. When this happens there is speculation and rumors." Who would brief the press, the public and the world was the big question. It was unanimously agreed by members of the White House and hospital staff that a doctor would have the most credibility. Government officials noted that in the past the White House had not always reported "with great fidelity" the president's health status in a crisis. Since this was a patient care related matter Dr. O'Leary was selected. He also knew the status of the other victims, press secretary James S. Brady, a Secret Service Agent and a Washington police officer. Dr. O'Leary admitted that he received no guidance in how to handle a press conference. He had no written statement because "people wanted to be talked to, not read to." He used lots of detail to avoid speculation and rumor. However, presidential aide Lyn Nofzinger did tell him, "just because someone asks you a question, doesn't mean you have to answer it." Dr. O'Leary admitted he had some advantages at this first press briefing - it was a news story, not a science story; he had good news to convey; he was not dealing with science writers; he had all the information and the press had none. 10 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �The Tuesday news conference, on the second day, was much tougher, according to Dr. O'Leary. There were many more pointed questions - the President was doing well; he was not drugged; and he could govern. It was hectic around the hospital too - 300 calls were coming in hourly; a suite had to be built for the President. Soon the hospital got into a routine of issuing two press releases a day through the White House press secretary. The 1800 hospital employees were very cooperative. Even though there was no policy against talking to the media, very few did. The first family had expressed some unhappiness because numerous medical experts gave interviews to the media based on second-hand information. So on the fifth day after the shooting the President's physicians were assembled at a news conference to explain the operation. When a person becomes a patient he reads the newspaper, watches TV and listens to the radio. "What he hears about himself should be accurate and coincide with what his doctor told him," Dr. O'Leary said. There was one slip on the 12th day when the White House said the President was coming home. When the latest lung X-rays were checked there was something that indicated that he should not go home. Dr. O'Leary had one disappointment. He couldn't sell the media on a story about the tricky procedure on anesthetizing someone after they'd just eaten a big lunch as the President had. Dr. O'Leary lauded the media for the patience, accuracy and thoroughness in reporting the assassination attempt and the President's recovery. In conclusion Dr. O'Leary said, "people can comprehend if you give them a chance. They can assimilate bad news too. I have strong feelings about communications which may be important to our own health.D Drs. Norman Chassin, Dennis O'Leary. WINTER, 1982 Senior medico/ students - Ralph Mastrangelo, Jonathan Warach, Joseph Gioia, Stephen Pollack, Lois McNall y, Jeff Bilotta, Ja y Laval, David Orgel, Michelle Urban , and Richard Corbelli. 11 �9 Classes Give $45,000 to the Medical School lll1 F JOWL ) Til)\ I\·.· ]h(JU(Jafld ~,l g32 Drs. O.P. Jon es, Richard Ament. Drs. T ed Fle ming. Charles Bannas. Drs . Owen Bossman , Sebastian Fasane llo. 12 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Drs. Edward Weisenheimer, R. Ronald Toffolo. Drs. Harold Pescuvitz, Jerome Tokars, William Bukowski , Richard Kenline, John Waite, Arthur Schaefer. ·. ..., "lJ"u.<JanJ. Drs. John P. Kelly, Jonathan S. Ehrlich. Drs. Benjamin Obletz, Harvey Slocum, Ernest Homokay, Myrtle Wilcox Vincent, Elmer Friedland. ~ rt ~./ .~-'""''7.a:u. a. Drs. Steven f. Levine, Linda Kam. �THE LOZINA PROCESS OR BOYS WILL BE BOYS Oliver P. Jones, Ph.D., M.D. Distinguished Professor Emeritus In previous years there had been periodic combats between two classes in the Pharmacy Department plus four classes in the Medical Department, combined as allies, to rush three classes in the Dental Department. Ordinarily, these rushes were a trial of strength between opposing groups for the temporary possession of a cane. In the present instance, the cane had either been forgotten or lost, because it turned out to be the roughest and fiercest engagement in the history of the University of Buffalo. In football games, punching and kicking are prohibited. The same restrictions were supposed to exist in cane rushes. But there were no restrictions in the combats of 10, 11 and 12 October 1899. Everything was given and taken. Punching was gentle by comparison, kicking was indulged in by everyone. Both sides were out to win. Each group had talked a good deal and each thought that defeat would be an increasing source of annoyance. They were not particular how they won. The strength of the combatants was greatly exaggerated in the local newspapers. For example, the Dents who numbered 300 were supposed to have attacked a smaller body of Medics and Pharmics of about 250 strong. According to the class lists in The Iris the combined classes of the Medics and Pharmics was only 300 in 1900, and the Dents had a little more than half that number - 191. The rush, or combat, was staged in the court between two university buildings located at 24 High and 25 Goodrich Streets. The so-called "campus" of U.B. was 150' x 80'. How did I come by all these interesting and amusing morsels? From 1969 to 1974, the rare book section of the Health Science Library was in the lowest level of stacks in what was formerly Capen Hall - now Farber Hall. These books had neither been catalogued nor indexed. I had to browse through most of the books bequeathed to U.B. -because some were also stored in what was then Lockwood Memorial Library on the Main Street campus. Among the rare books were letter files of the 8th District Dental Society. I learned to recognize the important volumes by the color of their spines, size and location. By browsing, I uncovered many things of historical import that would have been lost to me had this collection been stored in the orthodox manner by a proper library staff. Thus it was that I discovered a diary written by a dental student in 1899 while attending the University of Buffalo Dental Department. It was among the letter files of the 8th District Dental Society. Its author, William H. Leak (D '02), came from Watertown, N.Y. Dr. Leak went on to become in charge of the oral hygiene service in the Public Schools of New York State. He was well ahead of his time in 1920, because he believed that all constructive education for the preservation of the teeth should commence, along with other instruction to the expectant mother, at the beginning of pregnancy. Presented before the Tri Beta Club at Canisius College in April 1980. 14 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �This first entry in the diary is: 1983 WINTER GET-AWAY College Life 1899 Continuing Medical Education Seminar sponsored by Monday, Sept. 25. Leave home (Watertown, N.Y.) with the best wishes of many friends and with the usual weepings of partings. I am kept company by "Dave" Fawdray who is also going to study in the same department. While in the train we sit mostly in silence, wondering how we will like being "Put off at Buffalo." We arrive in Buffalo on time and are met by "Deasic" Demarse (sic), at the depot, who aids in finding the streets. We decide to board at 405 Delaware. In the evening we took a stroll. In addition to Leak (D '02) and Fawdray (D '02), Watertown was represented by Philip R. "Deasic" De Norse (L '01) and Burton T. Simpson (M '03). U/B MEDICAL ALUMNI ASSOCIATION and 7th & 8th DISTRICT BRANCH MEDICAL SOCIETIES March 4 - 12, 1983 BARBADOS Cunard Paradise Beach The entry relevant to this narrative was on Tuesday, 10 October 1899: It is the same old thing every day so, I have concluded to jot down only the important things. Today, however, we had a little more than the usual in that the Juniors made a rush on us Freshmen in the upper amphitheater. Holler (George J., Lecturer in Physiology). as Cook (Dexter A.,) opens the door and enters, "And here comes another little animale." Via Wardair, Toronto to Barbados, direct non-stop. $1,229 per person, includes: air fare; one night Valhalla Inn, Toronto; 7 nights Cunard Paradise Beach; ground transportation; 18 o/o tax Barbados. Trip Information: Call Eighth District, Medical Society, 716-842-2535. This entry is followed by five pages of clippings from the Courier Express and Buffalo Review. The last Dental entry was on 15 January 1901 -"Extracted my first tooth." Then there are some sporadic entries about hockey, Y.M.C.A. and the theater as well as clippings. This narrative is a distillate from six local papers and the yearbook - Iris - for 1900, triggered by Leak's entry for 10 October 1899 mentioned above. 10 October 1899. It all started harmlessly enough when, in accordance with annual custom, senior pharmics assisted by the medics, initiated the freshmen (farmers as they were called). They were introduced to the use of salt water baths and a new way of using soap. (Italics added). Then they proceeded to show the newly initiated the city - at their own expense. The undertaking was so successful that in their zeal the pharmics pounced upon the unfortunate dent. He was about to be subjected to Lozina Process (Italics added). when a group of his classmates came to his rescue. A fierce fight ensued between these rival factions and the victim was carried away by his friends. WINTER, 1982 15 d- �11 October 1899. The day after the initiation of the freshmen pharmics, the peace and quiet of the Medical School (24 High St.) was disturbed by the dents who proceeded to clear out Alumni Hall of the few medics and pharmics. Burtin T. Simpson, President of the freshman medical class, was captured and carried to the camp of the Dents, who threatened to use him for experimental operations. All along the line the Dents repulsed their assailants, until the discomfitted Medics turned a fire hose on them. The Dents concluded that since it was impossible to get any more thoroughly soaked, they might as well charge in face of the blinding stream. The Dents finally captured the hose and the Medics and Pharmics retreated in disorder to their quarters. A party of Dents fought their way to the top of the Medical School where they found a cadaver undergoing the process of bleaching. "The cadaver was picked up, according to a Dent, and thrown into the quadrangle where several hundred students were fighting." They also took possession of the blue and white flag from the staff of the Medical School. Arbitration was finally resorted to and the victorious Dents withdrew, still in the possession of the captive Burton T. Simpson. During the melee, someone called the police and two officers were sent from the Third Precinct. Captain Killeen went to the scene later and found everything quiet. However, if they had arrived earlier, they would not have interfered because the students were on their own property. 12 October 1899. On the third day of the combat, the Dents, just to show that they were fearless, hoisted the captive flag on their staff. Their spartan message was "Come and take it." In anticipation of a counter attack, they locked the windows on the first floor and mounted several of their classmates as guards for the rear door. For the allies, Medics and Pharmics, retaliation was the order of the day because they had been defeated so ignominiously the day before by a surprise attack and outnumbered. Notices were posted in the corridors of 24 High St. enjoining all students to be present at 3 p .m. No explanation was made. None was needed. President Simpson selected five of the sturdies among those who volunteered to storm the Dental School and captured at least one Dent. In those days, the capture of prisoners in college rushes meant that the losers must forsake all other ambitions for the time being and come to the rescue of their classmate. However, the allies were not quick enough to prevent the intended victims from locking the back door. Thwarted in their attempt to penetrate the Dental School, the allies commandeered some ladders and leaned them on the east side second floor level in the driveway between what used to be "Doc" Leonard's house. They had expected to 16 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �gain entrance before the Dents could come from the first floor. Several glass windows were broken but the Dents greeted the invaders with fists and clubs. Opposing students were shoved from window sills and ladders upon heads and shoulders of the throng of supporters below. Many scalps were lacerated, one shoulder dislocated and two Medics fainted from exhaustion. The Dents, to add to the effectiveness of their defense, mixed buckets full of soapy plaster of paris and deluged the invaders with fiendish delight. The Medics and Pharmics lost their professional appearance and became instant replicas of hod-carriers. This so infuriated the allies that they used a battering-ram of sorts to demolish windows on the ground floor. They gained entrance to one of the laboratories, one of the finest in the state, wrecked it and then fought their way to the third floor of the Dental School. (It was not until1902 that the fourth floor was added). The Dents repulsed them and retained possession of the flag. One Medic was forced out a window and fell 20-25 feet onto the heads and shoulders of his compatriots without injury. However, the Medics at length had 30 prisoners and loaded them into a plumber's wagon borrowed from D.F. Rust of 126 Washington Street. A rope was tied to the tongue and the protesting prisoners were hauled away. Down Main Street to Chippewa, over to Franklin, to Seneca, then east to Michigan and up Michigan to High St. and the university. The Dents, who had as many prisoners to their credit, took a wagon owned by the GermanAmerican Brewery and did likewise. In the meantime, a rescue force from the Pearl Street police station was called out. They and other officers formed lines in front of 24 High Street to prevent the Dents from entering the carriage-way through the building. Both sides claimed victory. The Dents because they had captured a class president and the medical school flag. The Medics and Pharmics because they captured more prisoners, broke more windows and demolished a dental laboratory. Later, the flag which had been in dispute was returned by the Dents to Dr. Mann, Dean of the Medical Department. FINIS There comes a time to stay, a time to leave. With this issue I am heading for a new career, a new challenge, adventure and life style. This magazine was born in 1967 as The Buffalo Medical Review. The current name was adopted in 1969. It has been a good 16 years. Your support and loyalty has been gratifying. To the many contributors - photographers, printers, graphic artists, writers, associate editors - my sincere thanks. To my successor - good luck and continu- ed success. (EDITOR).O The Commercial summed it up with "Boys ever will be boys." According to Dr. Matthew D. Mann, Dean of the Medical Facility, the authorities intended to make the best of a bad matter by treating it lightly. He said, "Oh, the boys had a little squabble. I don't think the damge will amount to a great deal- possibly there may be a broken window or two." The Courier went on to say, "If punishment is meted out to one, justice should demand that it be given to all. Expulsion of students from the college would mean that the institution would have to close." So much for what has been gleaned from the six local newspapers of that period. Now let us turn to what the students had to say about this imbroglio in their yearbook. However, before doing this, I must explain something that aroused my curiosity which persisted off and on, for about a year, namely, the Lozinna WINTER. 1982 17 d- �process. It was only mentioned in the Courier and was not mentioned per se in the Iris. Since the Pharmacy students were about to subject a Dental student to the Lozinna process, I was gullible enough to think they were using a pharmacological term. Dr. A.F. Sisson, lexicographer, was unable to find a clue in the Library of Congress. The National Medical Dictionary furnished a hint by stating that Lozione was Italian for lotion. There was nothing in the Courier Express library about Lozina process. Dr. Glenn Sonnedecker, Professor of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, had not seen Lozina process mentioned in any of his pharmacohistorical works. However, he suggested that "perhaps it was a joking reference to some locally renowned antic by a student, or faculty member of that name." The 1900 class yearbook does provide a clue about the meaning of the Lozina process. For example, the freshmen Medics ('03) initiated the Pharmics (some Dents included) "in accordance with the traditional custom of our Alma Mater." But the Pharmics ('01) in their class history state that "they (the seniors) also kindly instructed us in the use of salt water, and a new way of using soap." Junior Dents ('01) were more explicit and detailed in their class history about the initiation of the freshmen: The first acquaintance the freshmen had with the Juniors was when a few, about 12 in number, began the initiation of some forty "Freshies." Coralling them in the Lecture Hall in the basement, the Juniors put them through. This process (Italics mine) consisted principally of making the Freshmen remove sundry parts of their wearing apparel, eat soap, drink salted milk, chew tobacco, and lastly, the slapperatus was applied in the rear (pygalgia) ... The term Lozina process does not appear in any of their class histories nor doggerels. It only appeared in one of the six local newspapers. Buffalo has had a considerable population of Italian extraction, hence, the newspaper reporter may have misunderstood what the students told him, so that lozione in Italian became lozina in the printed text. There is no doubt from the class histories that the initiates had been subjected to lotions of various sorts. At least the first four letters of the two words coincide. This is my best interpretation for this minor linguistic mystery. So much for the newspaper accounts of the initiation and annual fracas. What have the class historians and fellow contributors said? The 1900 Iris contains eleven class histories (4 medical, 2 pharmical, 2 legal, and 3 dental). The budding lawyers were taught at the Ellicott Square building, and, therefore, were far removed from the scene of the fracas. Of the histories emanating from the other professional departments, that of the Senior Pharmics is the most detailed. C.E. Sunderlin, Class Historian, must have kept a diary, or else saved newspaper clippings like William did. Sunderlin's historical account of what happened from 10 to 12 October 1899. It corroborates what most of the local newspapers published. The Junior Pharmics, in addition to supplying a clue about the Lozina Process, added this verse: 18 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �A rush, a scramble, A tackle, a fall, Sixty wounded, five senseless, Shoulders broken that is all. Both Senior Medics and Senior Dents claimed they were too staid to participate in the rushes. However, it was impossible for them to be merely spectators in this instance. Both sides claimed victory. The Medics said, "The fight continued for several hours, the Medics having more points (prisoners?) to their credit when the struggle was stopped, by whom, we all know." This referred to Dean Matthew D. Mann who persuaded the Dents to return the captured flag. (By the way, this was the first medical class to receive four years of instruction). The Dents maintained they would not have entered the fracas, "had not the honor and good reputation of our institution been at stake." By and large, the Dents relied more on versification than prose to record the events. Some stanzas from Lines on the Rush follow While plaster rained from a cloudless height, Til Medics and Pharmics were wigged out white; The "dental engines" were brought into play Skulls, crossbones and forceps were used in the fray. The Dents drove back the opposing force, The infirmary patients cheered themselves hoarse; The raiders abandoned their "Spying Kop", Their nervy rush was brought to a stop. And one, whose feelings on death were dull, Seized from the table a hapless skull, Which he horridly hurled at the fighting mass, As Samson hurled the maxilla of an ass. Another scaled to a dizzy height, And captured the pennant of "Blue and White," And cheers went up from the crowd in the court When they saw that the Dents had captured the fort. In 1980, U!B contributed approximately $294 million in direct and indirect expenditures to Erie County's business volume. The University, its faculty, staff, students, and visitors directly contributed $168 million to the total and stimulated expenditure of another $126 million. Twenty thousand jobs depend on U!B. While the impact of an institution is most easily measured in dollars and cents, the Regional Economic Assistance Center's study points out that U!B makes other significant contributions to the educational, cultural and recreational life of the area - major contributions defying quantification.D For the benefit of those who have seen or been in the hallowed halls of 24 High Street, this explanation is necessary. For example, in order to gain access to the roof and seize the flag, the Dents had to reach the third floor and then ascend the spiral iron staircase to the penthouse on the roof. This staircase was between the Histology laboratory and the Gross Anatomy dissecting room with Mortui Vivos Docent over its doors. The penthouse had gas heated vats for leaching cadaverous remains for the osteological collections. The Dents did not throw a "cadaver" according to the Courier but rather a hapless skull. The windows of the third floor were such as to preclude the possibility of throwing a cadaver into the quadrangle. They had pivoted sashes 30 inches wide and 6 feet high and 18 inches from the floor. As a matter of fact it would have been difficult for a student to fall out of a window, let alone to throw a cadaver saturated with embalming fluid. A part of a cadaver, yes, but a whole one, no. The Junior Dents were quite boastful in their verse, "The Rush": WI TER, 1982 19 d-- �OH! 0 E fine day early last fall, When the college had opened to nearly all, The Medics a "rush" prepared to make: A terrible thing, 'twas their mistake. They scrapped and tugged as if very strong, While the Dentals tumbled them down headlong. They were thrown on the steps, they tumbled and rolled And stopped outdoors on the pavement cold. Now, Medics dear, a lesson take, And when a rush you wish to make, Don't reckon your strength by your big fat men, For if you do you'll get left again. The freshmen Dents, puffed with pride, verified the capture of the flag in Our Rush. From the Medical College they took the flag They did, they did. From their windows they floated that beloved rag They did, they did. The Medics soon passed the word around And every Pharmic was quickly found Together they swore they'd pull the shack down, Of the Dents, Dents, Dents. It is surprising that the Junior and Sophomore Medics did not record anything about the rush. Even more surprising is that the Freshmen Medics did not write about their valiant class president, Burton T. Simson. However, he was mentioned in the newspapers because the press knew of his prowess as left tackle on the great U.B. football team of 1899. Little did they know that Simpson, as a student intern, was to assist at the operation on President McKinley after the shooting at the Pan American Exposition. Later he became the third Director of what is now called the Roswell Park Memorial Institute. The Buffalo Commercial said, "Boys ever will be boys, and the boys of the University of Buffalo are no exemption to the general rule - or law of nature. Once or twice a year, about this season, the students indulge in escapades and personal encounters a la Caine (canne) rush." The Dental Department suffered the most physical damage. The student body could not be expelled because that would have meant a loss of tuition, the mainstay of the University's sustenance. In those days, the University of Buffalo was still a proprietary school, perceived by Chancellor Fillmore in 1846. This method did not always work out to the benefit of the faculty. For example, when there was money left over, it was divided among the faculty; when there was a deficit, that too was divided. There is no record in the minutes of meetings of the Medical Department that money was dispensed to defray the costs of restoring damaged University property. Maybe the two faculties did not have a dividend that year. 20 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �A year later, it is interesting that the Medical Faculty had a warning of what might happen. In the minutes for 12 September 1900, Dr. Herbert M. Hill, Professor of Chemistry, Toxicology and Physics, asked for instruction regarding problem rows among the students. Should he call upon the police department if necessary? "After some discussion in which it was thought that a wellconducted initiation row should not be discouraged, Dr. Hill was instructed by the Dean (Mann) to use his discretion in the matter." Dr. Hill had ample reason to be apprehensive, his laboratories were on the ground floor . Finally, the unsung heroes were the janitors who had to clean up after the scrimmages. Epilogue This was not the last of the rushes, because a year later the severity of the combats between the Dents on one hand, and the combined forces of the Medics and Pharmics is reflected in the correspondence between Dean Barrett of Dentistry and Dean Mann of Medicine. Each dean claimed that the other should pay for the damages inflicted upon their respective buildings. Only 60 feet separated the two buildings, yet the deans relied on mail for communication. (This is not extraordinary since some members of the same faculty would not communicate, let alone cooperate with one another). At the Medical Faculty meeting of 4 November, 1901, Dean Mann read a letter from Dean Barrett in response to one sent to him regarding the damages done to the medical building by the Dental students, in which he stated that in sometime past he (Dean Barrett) had sent a similar appeal to the Medical Department, and since it had received no recognition, he therefore considered it an even stand-off. Apparently Dean Barrett's interpretation prevailed because the minutes are sterile on that point. Enough was enough! So Dr. Roswell Park brought up the subject of hazing and disorderly conduct of the students in general at a meeting of the Medical Faculty, 2 February 1902. It was moved, seconded, and passed that the following resolution be published in the medical catalogue: So-called initiation of freshmen, having in any form, or any other disreputable or disorderly conduct within the precincts of the University is strictly prohibited and will render the offenders liable to expulsion. It was moved and carried that the proposed rule be sent to the Dean of each Department. These resolutions were published in the catalogues of the four departments (medicine, pharmacy, law and dentistry). And furthermore, Dr. Park also gave talks before various fraternal organizations, as late as 1906, about the matter of hazing.D WINTER, 1982 21 The references are arranged in the order quoted or paraphrased material first appeared in the article. 1. Rushed Things. Buffalo Courier 12 October 1899. 2. Battle Again. Ibid 13 October 1899. 3. Hurt in a Rush. Buffalo Express 13 October 1899. 4. Pitched Battle. Buffalo Commercial 13 October 1899. 5. Combined Forces Beat the " Dents. " Buffalo Evening News 13 October 1899. 6. College Men Make Rushes. Buffalo Enquirer 12 October 1899. 7. Students with Bruished Heads. Ibid 13 October 1899. 8. Annual Scrimmage of Medical Students . Buffalo Review 14 October 1899. 9. Students of the University of Buffalo. The Iris (Hauser, Buffalo, 1900) . 10. John S. Billings, The National Medical Dictionary (Lea Brothers, Philadelphia, 1890) II, 85. 11 . Obituary, Dr. Burton T. Simpson. Buffalo Evening News 6 March 1946. 12. Records, Minutes of Meetings, 1897-1907. Medical Department of University of Buffalo. V .3 Microfilm copy is in the Archives, State University of New York at Buffalo. �A report from the Association of American Medical Colleges (March, 1980) shows that 289 U/B Medical School graduates are on the faculties of medical schools from coast to coast. Sixteen members of the 1962 class are affiliated with other medical schools; 15 from the 1970 and 1966 class; 14 from the 1969 class; and 13 from the 1954 class. The complete list follows. GR-YR FACULTY MEMBER NAME C UR RENT S CH0 CL 1921 REIMANN, HOBART ANSTETH H~HNEMANN 1924 MAR~ORSTON, 19 32 SLOCUM, HARVEY C U TEXAS MED 1934 1934 MAY, C E SHERMAN, PINCUS SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE 1935 REXFORD, E eaSTON UNIV SCH 1939 SZYMANSKI, FREDERICK J RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE 1940 19 4 0 1940 KANE, FRANCIS KLINE, JO~N RICHARD REKATEt A C CORNELL U MEDICAL COLL U ARIZONA COLL MEDICihE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1941 1941 1941 AQUILINA, JOSEPH T GRAFt CARL J WELS, P B SUNY BUFFALO ~CH PI,(D UNIV IOWA COLL MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1942 1942 1942 CLIFFORD, F J KIRKLIN, MARGARET K STAUBITZt WILLIAM J SUNY BUFFALO SC~ MED U ALABAMA SCH MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1943 19'+3 1943 19'+3 1943 1943 1943 19'+3 BIRTCHt P K BUNNELL, I L EVANSt ALFRED S FARBER, EUGENE M FARRAR, REGII'aLD PILIERO, P PETER TABRAHt FRANK L UNHERt M SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED Y~LE UNIV SCH MEDICINf STANFORD U SC~ MEDICINE EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE UNIV HAWAII SCH MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1944 1944 1944 BROWN, ROBERT L GAGEt A A GRASER, HAROLD P SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SC~ MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1945 19'+5 1945 1945 1945 1945 ADLER, R H CAPRARO, V FAIRBAIRN, JOHN F JEWETTt THEODORE C ROBINSON, J G STEINHART, J M SUNY SUNY MAYO SUNY SUNY SUNY MEDICAL COLL U SOUTHERN CAL SCH ME D J ~ 22 BUFFALO BUFFALO MEDICAL BUFFALO BUFFALO BUFFALO 8R-GALVESTO~ MEDICI~E SCH MEO SC~ MED SCHOOL SCH MED S~H MED SCH MED THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �1947 1947 1947 1947 1947 1947 LASSER, ELLIOTT C MARSH, WILLIAM L MIRES JR, MAYNARD HAROLD ANDERSENt M N BAHNt ROBERT C LIPPESt J NICHOLSt D SHEFFER, JOHN B WAITE, J H U CAL SAN DIEEO SCH MED GEO WASH U SC~ MEDICINE DARTMOUTH MEDICAL SCHLOl SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED MAYO MEDICAL SCHOOL SUNY BUFFALO ~CH MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY RUFFALO SCH MEO LSU SCH MED-NEW ORLEANS 1948 1948 1948 1948 1948 1948 1948 1948 ESSIG, HARRY C GOODt RAPHAEL S GORDO~, M HALLt ROBERT J KILeY, RALPH A NISWANDER, KENNETH R SUTTON, ALRERT P WEINBERGt PAUL C SUNY STONY PRCOK SCH ~ED UNIV MIAMI SC~ MEDICINE ~~~ YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE B~YLOR COLLEGE MEDICINE ~AYO MEDICAL SCHOOL U CAL SCH MEDICINE-DAVIS EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE U TEX MED SCH-SN ANTONIO 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 ARMENIA, C AUSTt J BRADLEY EGAN, JOHN DANIEL SHARP, JOHN T THIEDEt HENRY ARMSTRONG SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U TEX MED SCH-SN ANTONIO CREIGHTON U SCH MEDICINE u ILLINOIS COLL MED-ALSM U ROCHESTER SCH MED/DENT 19 50 1950 195 0 1950 1950 1950 COHEN, FLOSSIE CURTINt JAMES A DUNN, JAMES CLARENCE SOLOMON, YALE SOT0MAYOR, ZOlLO R WHITCHER, CHARLES EDWARD WAYNE ST U SCH MEDICINE G[O WASH U SC~ MEDICINE U ARIZONA COLL MEDICINE SUNY STONY BRCOK SCH MED UNIV PUERTO RICO SCH MED STANFORD U SC~ MEDICINE 1951 1951 1951 HEERDTt MARK E LESLIEt EUGENE V TEICHt EUGENE UNIV TENNESSEE COLL MED SUNY BUFFALO ~CH MED SUNY STONY BROOK SCH MED 1952 1952 1952 ALTSHULER, KENNETH l SATURENt PHOEBE ESTHER SIGMAN, EUGENE M U TEX S'WSTN ~EDICAL SCH NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE L CONNECTICUT SCH MED 1953 1953 CONSTANTINE, H SMULYANt HAROLD BROWN U BIO/MED SCIENCES SUNY UPSTATE MEDICAL CTR 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954 BELTRAMI, E BURCHELL• R C CASCIOt FRANK FUCHSt RUTH GREENE, LAWRENCE STANLEY HOHENSEE, E W LEMANN JR, JACOB MAYERt RICHARD F OLSZEWSKit W A RAAB, SPENCER 0 VOSSt MARLYN WILLIAM WILSON, D M YOUKERt JAMES E SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U CONNECTICUT SCH MED U KENTUCKY COLL MEDICINE MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICINE UNIV ~0 SCH MED-KANS CTY SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED ~EDICAL COLL ~ISCONSIN U MARYLAND SC~ MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U ARKANSAS COLL MEDICINE U MARYLAND SC~ ~EDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED ~EDICAL COLL WISCONSIN 1946 1946 1946 WINTER, 1982 23 d- �GR-YR FACULTY MEMoER NAME CUR RENT S CH0 0 L 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955 ALTER, ~ILTON BAKER, J B BELLt BERTRAND M FOLEYt JOHN FRANCIS GOLDFARBt S GORDON, JOSEPH TEMPLE UNIV SCH MEDICINE MEDICAL COLL WISCONSIN EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE U NEBRASKA COLL MEDICINE U WISCONSIN MEDICAL SCH SUNY STONY BR OOK SCH ~E ~ 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956 ALKER JRt GEORGE J BARNETTt EUGENE V GACEK, RICHARD R GOLDFARB, CHARLES GRABOW, JACK D JONESt OLIVER PERRY LEE, FRED MAKLANSKYt D MIGEONt 8 R PFAFF, WILLIAM IJ SIMON, MANFRED STENCHEVER, MORTON A SUNY PUFF~LO SCH MED U CAL SCH MEDICINE-LA SUNY UPSTATE ~EOICAL CT~ COLL MED/OENT NJ-NJ MEC M~YO ~EDICAL SCHCOL SUNY RUFFALO SCH MED U MICHIGAN MECICAL SCH ~OUNT SIN•I SCH MEDICINE JOH~S HOPKINS U SCH ~ED U FLORIDA COLL MEDICI~[ EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE UNIV WASHINGTON SCH MED 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957 BRU~ELLt PHILIP A FRIEDMAN, GERALD HAMILTO~ III, THOMAS P KASSIRERt JEROME P LEVINSON, W E MARKELLO, ROSS MESSIGNER, S SCHNATZ, J DAVID SlLVERt H U TEX MED SCH-SN ANTO~IC MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICINi U SOUTHERN CAL SCH MED TUFTS UNIV SC~ MEDICINE U CAL SCH MED-SAN FRA~ SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U CONNECTICUT SCH MED U CONNECTICUT SCH MED 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 BELLANTI, J A DISCHINGER, F W FRIEDBERG, EUGENE GENCO, M T JASON, HILLIARD KATZt LOUIS KIVOWITZt JULIAN SPIVACK, MORTON STEIN, ALFRED M VLADt PETER GEORGETOWN UNIV SCH MED U ROCHESTER SCH MED/DEN COLUM PIA UNIV COLL P&S SUNY PUFFALO SCH MED LNIV MIAMI SC~ MEDICINE EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE U CAL SCH MEDICINE-LA EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SC~ MED 1959 1959 1959 1959 1959 CLAYTONt ROBERT JAMES ISAACS, ELI M MUSGNUG, RICHARD H O•KONJEWSKlt R F WAYt L W U lEX MED SCH·S~ ANTONI WAYNE ST U SCh M~DICINE JEFFEPSON MEDICAL COLL ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE U CAL SCH MED-SAN FRAN 1960 1960 1960 1960 1960 1960 ARCHIEt JULIAN T CHAZANt JOSEPH A DAYER, ROGER S FAJGELt HARNS C GERSHBERGt MYRON R GIANTURCOt D T RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE U VERMO~T COLL MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED BOSTON UNIV SCH MEDICIN COLUMBIA UNIV COLL P&S DUKE UNIV SCH MEDICINE 24 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �1960 1960 196 0 1960 1960 1960 GOLDBERG, DANIEL A KLOCKEt FRANCIS J LASCAR!, ANDRE D LAURIA, JOHN IGNATIUS LICHTMAN, MARSHALL A RAKOWSKI, D A EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED STHRN ILLINOIS U SCH ME SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U ROCHESTER SCH ~ED/DE~ SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 BOVEt KEVIN E BRODY, HAROLD COHENt M E FERMAGLICH, JOSEPH PROSNITZt LEONARD R SCHNATZt P T SKARINt ARTHUR THOR STANGER, P TAMER, DOLORES URETSKYt S C U CINCINNATI COLL MED SUNY BUFFALO ~CH MED SUNY BUFFALO ~CH MED GfORGETOWN U~IV SCH MED YALE UNIV SCH MEDICINE CASE WESTN RES U SCH MED HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL U CAL SCH MED·SAN FRAN UNIV ~IAMI SC~ MEDICINE MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICINE 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962 . 1962 1962 1962 1962 AHLGREN, E WARNER COVINO, BENJAMIN G CUDMOREt J W DOZORETZt RONALD I FlSHERt J C GURTNER, GAIL H HEILBRUN, M P JACOBSt RAE RODNEY KLOCKE, ROBERT A KUHNt J P LANG, GCRDON R SELIKOWITZt STUART M STEINHARTt M J WEICHSEL, MORTON E WELDONt VIRGINIA V WITTENBERG, JACK TEXAS AIM VNI~ MED SCH U MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH SUNY BUFFALO ~CH MED EASTER~ VIRGI~IA MED SCH U CAL SAN DIEfO SCH MED JOHNS HOPKINS U SCH MED UNIV UTAH COLL MEDICINE U KANS~S COLL HL SCI/HSP SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U ILLINOIS COLL MED-ALSM DARTMOUTH MEDICAL SCHOOL ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE U CAL SCH MEDICINE-LA WASHINGTON U ~EDICAL CTR HARVARD MEDIC~L SCHOOL 1963 1963 1963 1963 1963 1963 1963 1963 1963 ABRAHAM, G N EHRLICH, FRANK E FOT I, ANTHONY M HAMILTON, ROBERT W HER8STRITTt JOSEPH G HOGPENt GEORGE LEDER NATHAN, RONALD G SCHRIVERt JOHN A ZELLER, ROBERT S U ROCHESTER SCH MED/DENT MEDICAL COLL OF VIRGINIA SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED BOWMAN GRAY SCH MEDICINE SUNY STONY BROOK SCH MED MOUNT SINAI SCH ~EDICINE U ARIZONA COLL MEDICINE U OREGON HL SCIENCES CT~ B~YLOR COLLEGE MEDICINE 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 BLOCK, B GOLDSTEIN, GERALD BRUCE KATZt STEPHEN P KELLER, DAVID W KRELLENSTEINt DANIEL J LADOULISt CHARLES THEODORE LEEDS, LEROY J MEANSt E 0 ROSE, NOEL R SCHEIBER, S C TAYLORt J MICHAEL WOLIN, R E SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U ARIZONA COLL MEDICINE SUNY STONY BRCOK SCH MED w•sHINGTON U ~EDICAL CTR MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICINE U TEXAS MED BR-GALVESTO~ BAYLOR COLLEGE MEDICINE U CINCINNATI COLL MED ~AYNE ST U SC~ MEDICINE U ARIZONA COLL MEDICINE TUFTS UNIV SCH MEDICI~E SUNY BUFFALO SC~ MED d- �' --· -- ------ -- GR -YR FACULTY MEMBER NAME CURRENT SCHOOL 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 BERMAN, STEVEN ~ CATANZARO, ANTONIO KNOX, FRANKLYN G MC ~ARTINt DANIEL E POTTER, BERNARD S RAY, MICHAC::L SCHUDER, ROBERT J WAGNER, EDWARD H UNIV HAWAII SCH MEDICINE L CAL SAN DIEGO SCH MED M~YO MEDICAL SCHOOL UNIV LOUISVILLE SCH MED SUNY STO~Y BRCOK SCH ~ED SUNY BUFFALO SC~ ~ED SUNY BUFFALO SC~ MED U NO CAROLINA SCH MED 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 19b6 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966 BARO NE, ROBERT MICHAEL CHRISTODOULOU, JAMES CLEP-'MONSt JOAN E FARINA, A T FELDMAN, BERNARD ~OSEPH FIERRO, MARCELLA F FISGUS, CARL WAYNE LADUCA, JOHN N LEBERt MARTIN EDWARD LEHANEt DANIEL EDWARD MC DONALD, BRUCE MICHAEL PACHUTA, DONALD M PRESANT, CARY A SCHILLER, NELSON B SCHROTTt HELMUT G U CAL SAN DIEGO SCH ~ED CORNELL U MEDICAL COLL SUNY STONY BRCOK SCH ~ED NEW YORK U SC~ MEDICINE RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE MfDICAL COLL OF VIRGINIA MEDICAL UNIV S CAROLINA SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED HtRVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL BAYLOR COLLEGE MEDICINE GEO WASH U SC~ MEDICINE U MARYLAND SC~ MEDICI~E WASHINGTON U ~EDICAL CT~ U CAL SCH MED-SAN FRAN UNIV IOWA COLL MEDICINE 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 DAFFNERt RICHARD H DANTZKERt DAVID R HOFFMAN, LEON LARSON, DAVID L SALTZMAN, ALAN R SULLIVANt ALBERT L VENUTO, ROCCO CHARLES DUKE UNIV SCH MEDICINE U MICHIGAN MECICAL SCH MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICINE U TEXAS MED BR-GALVESTON SUNY BUFFALO SCH ~ED BOSTON UNIV SCH MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968 ANDRES, ~OEL M BALTIMOREt ROBERT SAMUEL BOGARD, BRUCE N COELt MARC N HOPENSt THEODORE JOSEPH, BRIAN SALIT MURPHYt PAUL KEVIN RAYMOND, HOWARD WARREN SCHLAERTHt ~OHN B SCHLAERTHt KATHERINE R STOFF, JEFFREY STUART U FLORIDA COLL MEDICINE UNIV SCH MEDICINE SUNY STONY BRCOK SCH MED U CAL SAN DIE€0 SCH MED U TEX MED SCH-SN ANTONIO HARVARD MEDlC~L SCHOOL HJRSHALL UNIV SCH MED U WISCONSIN ~EDICAL SCH U SOUTHERN CAL SCH MED U SOUTHERN CAL SCH MED H.RVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 CITRO, LAURENCE A DE ANGELISt ARTHUR FINCH, ALBERT 8 LIEBLING, MICHAEL ROY MOLTZ, DAVID ALBERT HOSHMAN, STEPHEN U PENNSYLVANIA SCH MED EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE (~STERN VIRGI~IA HED SCH U CAL SCH MEDICINE-LA EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE £INSTEI~ COLL MEDICINE 26 Y~LE THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 NAKAMURA, HACHIRO PERLINO, CARL A RABIN, BRUCE S ROBERTS, DOUGLAS L SCHREI8ER, DAVID STEVEN S~ITH, WILBUf\ L WOLFF, WILLIAM G ZAVISCAt FRANK GORDON SUNY STONY BRCOK SCH MED EMORY UNIV SCH MEDICINE UNIV PITTSBURGH SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL INDI~NA U SCH MEDICIN~ SUNY STONY BKCOK SCH ~ED WfST VIRGINIA U SCH MED 1970 1970 19 70 1970 1970 1970 19 70 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 BALISTRERI, WILLIAM FRANCIS BLU~, RONALD HOWARD CONTI, SEBASTIAN COPLEY, DONALD P DILLON, WILLIAM P ECKHERT, NANCY LYNN FEINSTEIN, EBEN I KERMAN, SUSAN HARRISON KRULISKY, THOM~S V LEIBOWITZ, ALAN 1 LITTMMJ, BRUCE H LZERNIEJEWSKI, RICHARD THOMAS NOVt.K, JAN M PINE, JEFFREY R ZMYSLINSKI, RONALD W U CINCINNATI COLL MED HARVARD MEDICAL SChOOl U CAL SCH MEDICINE-DAVIS SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO ~CH MED U MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH U SOUTHERN CAL SCH MED EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE U SOUTHERN CAL SCH MED SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED MEDICAL COLL OF VIRGINIA RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED E~ORY UNIV SC~ MEDICINE U OF SO CAROLINA MED SCH 1971 1971 1971 1971 1971 19 71 1971 1971 1971 1971 1971 1971 1971 ABELES, MICHA BARON, MICHAEL B CROt-JEN, ARTHUR C DE ANGELISt LAWRENCE JOSEPH EllERSTEIN, NORMAN S HALL, JOHN M HAROLDSt JAY ALAN LICHTMAN, JEFFREY BRUCE NADLER, DENNIS A R 0 S EN , DE N r, I S J STEIN, MARVIN STUART, CHARLES A TWAROG, FRANCIS JOHN U CONNECTICUT SCH MED U MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICIN~ EINSTEIN COLL MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SCH MED U CINCINNATI COLL MED VANDERBILT U~IV SCH MED E~ORY UNIV SC~ MEDICINE SUNY BUFFALO SC~ MED U MASSACHUSETTS ~ED SCH MOUNT SINAI SCH MEDICI~~ U TEXAS MED BR-GALVESTON H'RVARD MEDIC'L SCHOOL 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 BLANCHARDt RICHARD F BOMMER, WILLIAM J GOLDMAN, RICHARD STEPHEN HOLLAND, SANFORD J KOTRADY, KONRAD PETER LYMA~, GARY H MINTZER, IRA LEO MURRAY, WILLIAM T NATALE, DENNIS LLOYD SIEGELt ARTHUR SILVERMAN, ANDREW YECKES SMITH, CRAIG R 8UFFALO SCH MED U CAL SCH MEDICINE-DAVIS UNIV NEW MEXICO SCH MED COLL MED/DENT NJ-NJ MED UNIV UTAH COLL MEDICINE U SOUTH FLORICA COLL ~ED HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL hARVARD MEDIC~l SCHOOL EINSTEIN COLL MEQICINE SUNY STONY BROOK SCH ~E~ U TEX MED SC~-SN ANTO~IO JOHNS HOPKINS U SCH MED 1973 1973 ABRAMOWITZ, BRUCE MARK ElliSt DEMETRIUS BOSTON UNIV SCH MEDICIN~ UNIV PITTSBURGH SCH MED WINTER, 1982 SU~Y 27 d- �FACULTY 1973 1973 HABER~A~t MICHAEL A LOEWENSTEIN, JOHN ISAAC BOSTO~ 1974 1974 1974 1974 BUKOWSKI, ELAINE MARIE LOt HING-HAR SCHULMA~, ELLIOTT ARNOLD SYBERT, VIRGINIA PHYLLIS DUKE UNIV SCH MEDICINE EMORY UNIV SC~ MEDICI NE TEMPLE UNIV SCH MEDICINE UNIV WASHINGTON SCH ~ED 1975 1975 LARI, STEVEN JUD ZINNt STEVEN L U MINNESOTA MEDICAL SCH TfMPLE UNIV SCH MEDICI~E 1976 SPURLING, TIMOTHY JOHN U~IFORMED Dr. Cooke ~EMBER NAME CUPRENT SCHOOL GR-YR EMORY UNIV SC~ ~EDICINE UNIV SCH MEDICINE SVCS OF HL SCI Dr. Robert E. Cooke, has been appointed medical director of the Dr. Robert Warner Rehabilitation Center of The Children's Hospital of Buffalo. He was also named the A. Conger Goodyear Professor of Pediatrics at the School of Medicine. Dr. Cooke was previously a consultant to the Department of Mental Health in Massachusetts, and also served on the Board of Trustees of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, Waltham , Mass., and as chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foundation in Washington, D.C. His many other academic appointments have included: professor of pediatrics, Medical College of Pennsylvania; President, Medical College of Pennsylvania; Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison; professor of history of medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School; visiting professor, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Given Foundation professor and chairman of pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and pediatrician-in-chief, Johns Hopkins Hospital; in addition to many other national and local appointments. In the mid 1960's, Dr. Cooke was chairman of the National Steering Committee that created Project Head Start. A graduate of Sheffield Scientific School , he earned his medical degree from Yale University School of Medicine, and also holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Miami. Dr. Cooke is a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics, a Distinguished Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, and a member of the American Pediatric Society, among numerous other organizations. Dr. Cooke is also the recipient of many awards.O 28 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Lake Erie Sailing Dr. Ted Bistany and his crew have been battling Lake Erie for 10 years. They have sailed against the best sailors in the county, engaged storms, high winds and deadly calm. This year in his 11th attempt, Dr. Bistany and his crew came up winners in the 236-mile Lake Erie race - Buffalo to Toledo. There were 25 boats in the race that started on a Friday at 10:30 a.m. and ended at 3:19a.m. the following Sunday. According to Dr. Bistany there were really three races- the firs t from Buffalo to Long Point; the second from Long Point to Pelee (120 miles) ; the third from Pelee to the finish . Dr. Bistany, M'60, is a clinical assistant professor of medicine at the Medical School.D Medical Society Committees Twenty-two faculty members are serving ' on committees for the Erie County Medical Society during 1982-83. They are : Drs. James R. Nunn, M'55, clinical assistant professor of family medicine and clinical associate in medicine - Legislation; Allen L. Lesswing, M'54, clinical instructor in orthopedics - Public Health; M. Luther Musselman, M'37, clinical associate professor of medicine - Medical Education; William J. Breen, M'55, clinical assistant professor of medicine Economics; and Thomas W. Bradley, M'66, clinical instructor in family medicine - Peer Review. Elected to the Ethics Committee for threeyear terms were: Drs. Joseph L. Camp, M'54, clinical instructor in medicine and Nancy H. Nielsen, M'76, clinical a ssis tant professor of medicine and microbiology. Peer Review Committee members were also elected. They include: Drs. Timothy J. Collard, clinical instructor in orthopedics; Rob ert G. Fugitt, M'73; Joseph M. Greco, M'73, clinical assistant professor of urology ; William K. Major, Jr., M'69, clinical assistant professor of surgery; Elton M. Rock, M '59, WI TER, 1982 clinical assistant professor of medicine ; and James A. Smith, M'74, clinical instructor in orthopedics. Elected to three-year terms on the aminating Committee were: Drs. John J. Banas, M'52, clinical instructor in medicine ; Glenda D. Donoghue, clinical assistant professor of nuclear medicine; William E. O'Brien, Buffalo; and Andrew W. Tramont, clinical instructor in family medicine. Also elected were two additional delegates to the Medical Society of the S tate of New York for two-year terms. They are: Drs. Joseph A. Prezio, clinical assistant professor of medicine and clinical professor of nuclear m e dicine, chairman-elect; and Frank J. Bolgan, M'51, clinical associate professor of surgery. Dr. Edmond J. Gicewicz, M ' 56, clinical assistant professor of surgery and Dr. Victorino Anllo, clinical assistant professor of urology, will also serve as delegates. The alternate delegate to the State Society elected for a two-year term is Dr. Frederick R. Beerel , clinical assistant professor of medicine.D 29 �Faculty Honored Drs. Aquilina, N aughton Dr. Giuseppe A. Andres, professor of microbiology, pathology and medicine, won the prestigious Stockton Kimball award at the annual Medical School faculty meeting for his outstanding contributions to teaching, research and service. Dean John Naughton also presented Deans Awards to Drs. Joseph T. Aquilina, clinical professor of medicine, and Charles D. Bull, clinical associate in medicine. Also honored were four faculty members for distinguished teaching and nine retirees. Collectively the retirees have served the University 260 years. They are: Drs. Kenneth M. Alford, Gordon H. Burgess, William Dickson, Joseph Dziob, Francis Ehret, Donald Kerr Grant, Samuel Guest, George Koepf, and Robert Warner. All are emeritus. The Louis A. and Ruth Siegel awards ($500 each) for distinguished teaching went to Drs. Charles Severin, assistant professor of anatomical sciences; Richard Sills, assistant professor of pediatrics; and Robert Corretore, M'56, clinical assistant professor of family medicine. Dr. Ira Landsman, M'79, clinical assistant instructor in pediatrics, won the House Staff Teaching Award. Dr. Andres joined the faculty in 1970. He came from the University of Rome where he headed its laboratory of immunopathology for seven years. He was born in Torino, Italy in 1924, and received his M.D. from the University of Pisa in 1949. He was on the faculty and has been a Fellow in the departments of medicine and pathology at the Universities of Pisa, Rome, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and Stockholm's Karolinska Institute. Dr. Andres has authored many scientific articles in which he has made highly significant contributions by the technique of electronmicroscopic and immunoferri tin studies (there are in the world few who are technically qualified) of renal diseases and renal homografts which are tissue grafts from outside the body. He is a member of the American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists; serves on the National Research Council's Committees for Electronmicroscopy, Immunology, and Institute for Organ Transplantation; belongs to the European Society for Clinical Investigation , the Societa Italiana de Microscopia Elettronica, and Societa de Italiana de Allergia e Immunologia. Dr. Aquilina joined the faculty in 1951 as assistant in medicine. He received his medical degree in 1941 from U/ B. He is a Buffalo native. He was graduated from Grover Cleveland High School and received his BA from U/ B in 1937. He took his internship and residency at the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital. He was chief, cardiovascular section, 235th General Hospital , France during World War II. After returning from the service h e did postgraduate work at London School of Tropical Medicine/ Hygiene in England and the Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago. Dr. Aquilina was chief of medicine , VA Medical Center from 1968-77 and 1980-81. He is currently associate chief, medical service. In 1974 he won the Erie County American Legion Award for 25 years of "compassionate expertise in the healing arts." H e is a Diplomate, National Board of Medical Examiners and American Board of Internal Medicine and a Fellow, American College of Physicians. He has been active in several local , state and national professional organizations and has chaired and served on 13 30 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �medical school/hospital educational committees for second, third and fourth year students. He has authored or co-authored 19 scientific papers from professional journals. His major interests: internal medicine and drug evaluation. Before coming to Buffalo in ovember, 1949 he was assistant chief, medical service at the Batavia VA Hospital for three years. In 1970 he was appointed clinical professor of medicine at U/B. He is a past president of the Baccelli Medical Club of Buffalo. Dr. Bull was cited for his long service to the university, especially with the admissions committee. He joined the faculty in 1960. He received his M.D. from Howard University in 1945. Dr. Alford joined the faculty in 1946 as an instructor in pediatrics. He received his M.D. from U/B in 1937. He retired 36 years later as clinical professor pediatrics. Dr. Alford did his undergraduate work at Colgate University; his internship at Buffalo General Hospital and Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, where he also took a one year residency. His other post-graduate work was at Children's Hospital, Boston and Buffalo Children's Hospital. In 1971-72 he was a Fellow in Adolescent Medicine at Harvard. Dr. Alford served in the European Theatre during World War II (1941-46) and received five battle stars and the Bronze Star. He was a Major when discharged. Before coming to Buffalo he was a pediatrics instructor at the University of Toronto. Since 1950 he has been an attending or consultant at Children's and Buffalo General Hospitals. He is a Fellow, American Board of Pediatrics. He has been active in several medical societies and civic organizations. Dr. Burgess received both his BA and MD degrees from U/B in 1957 and 1963 respectively. He joined the faculty in 1975. He is retiring as a clinical assistant professor of dermatology. The 46year-old physician died July 17 at Millard Fillmore Hospital. Dr. Dickson joined the faculty in 1975 as a clinical instructor in gynecology/obstetrics. He received his BA degree from Hobart College in 1939; his MD from the University of Rochester in 1943. He took his intership and residency at Strong Memorial and Bellevue Hospitals. In 1950-51 he was a clinical assistant professor at the University of California. He is a Fellow, American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Dr. Dickson was a Lieutenant in the United States Navy from 1944-46. He will continue to be on the staff of the WCA and JGH Hospitals in Jamestown, NY. He also plans to continue his private practice. Dr. Dziob joined the faculty in 1946 as an assistant in surgery. He is retiring 36 years later as a clinical associate professor of surgery. He received his Ph.D. in 1932 from Providence College; his MD in 1936 from Jefferson Medical College. He graduated cum laude from Providence. Dr. Dziob took his internship and residency at New York City Hospital in pathology and general surgery (1937-41). He is a Diplomate, American Board of General Surgery and a Fellow, American College of Surgeons and American Association Surgery of Trauma. WI TER, 1982 31 Drs. Naughton , Bull Drs. Naughton, Andres �Drs. Na ughton, Kaepf Dea n Naughton, Dr. Guest Dr. Sills Dr. Warn e r Dr. Severin Dr. Ehret joined the faculty in 1944 as an assistant in medicine . He received his MD from U/B in 1937. He retires a clinical associate professor of medicine after 48 years. Dr. Guest received his BA from the State University of Iowa and his M.D. from Chicago Medical School in 1941. He joined the U/B faculty in 1951 as an assistant in anesthesiology. He retired 31 years later as a clinical associate professor of anesthesiology . He interned at the North Chicago Community Hospital and took his residency at Batavia's VA Hospital, 1946-49. He served in the United States Army as a Captain from 1942-46. Dr. Guest has been chief, department of anesthesiology at the Buffalo VA Medical Center since 1950 and director of the anesthesiology residency program (1950-1965) . From 1975-82 he was medical director of the respiratory therapy department at the VA, and for 20 years he was attending anesthesiologist at Erie County Medical Center and Buffalo State Hospital (1955-70). The last six years he has been adjunct clinical professor, respiratory therapy department, Erie County Community College. Dr. Guest is a Diplomate, American Board of Anesthesiology and a Fellow, American College of Anesthesiologists. He has been an active member of several professional societies and has authored several scientific articles for professional publications. Dr. Kerr-Grant received his B.S. and M.D. from the University of Adelaide in 1942. He joined the U/B faculty as an associate in pediatrics in 1963. He is taking an early retirement to return to England. After 19 years on the faculty, he is an associate professor of pediatrics. Dr. Koepf joined the faculty in 1941 as an assistant in medicine . He received his medical degree from U/B in 1937. He took pre-medicine at Ohio State University . He retires 41 years later as an assistant clinical professor of medicine. He took his internship and residency at Buffalo General Hospital. During World 32 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN ' �War II he served as a Lieutenant in the Army Medical Corps Reserves. He was also a John Harris Fellow in medicine at Johns Hopkins. Dr. Koepf founded the Medical Foundation of Buffalo in 1956 as an independent biomedical research institute. It started as a three-man operation and grew into one of the world's leading research organizations with a staff of 60, including 25 doctoral level scientists. The president of the Foundation noted that the non-profit institute conducts basic research on hormone related disorders including cancer, heart disease and diabetes. The Foundation is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, endowment income and charitable gifts. Dr. Koepf was also one of the co-founders of the Buffalo Medical Group along with Drs. Ramsdell Gurney, M'29, and Murray Howland. Dr. Warner has served on Governor Hugh Carey's Advisory Council on the Disabled since 1977. He was also a member of the ew York State Delegation to the White House Conference on the Disabled and served for one year on the Advisory Council of the New York State Division of the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation. An associate professor of pediatrics at the Medical School, Dr. Warner is also a visiting teacher and chief of the rehabilitation division, pediatric staff, Buffalo General Hospital; a consultant, Millard Fillmore Hospital; and a consultant in rehabilitation medicine, Erie County Medical Center. A veteran of the Army Medical Corps, he is a graduate of Harvard College and received his M.D. from the University of Chicago. After graduation he took a rotating internship at Buffalo General Hospital in 1939, followed by a special internship in pediatrics at Children's Hospital - the beginnings of a long relationship. Dr. Warner has received many awards and honors. They include: the third annual Pediatrician of the Year Award; Variety Club Man of the Year, 1965; Greater Buffalo Advertising Club Man of the Year, 1974; Outstanding Citizen Award from the Mayor of Buffalo, 1977; Harvard Man of the Year Award, presented by the Harvard-Radcliffe Club of Buffalo, 1979; Presidential Citation from Variety Clubs International, 1980; and Communication and Leadership Award from Toastmasters International, 1980. I Dean aughton summarized the school's progress and activities during the past year. "It was very hectic; there was many activities on many fronts, but we are becoming a cohesive school." He praised the faculty for their leadership in making improvements in education, research and service. He noted that the building program for the medical school and health sciences was "back on track" and should be completed early in 1986. Dr. Thomas Guttuso, M'60, clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology, was introduced as the chairman of the admissions committee. Dr. Edward A. Carr, Jr., professor and chairman of pharmacology and therapeutics, reviewed the activities of the faculty council. New faculty members were introduced by the department chairmen.D WI TER, 1982 33 Dr. Dziob �Dr. Alexander Brownie with students. Mark Venditti Beth Maher and friend. �Athletic Day Students and faculty relaxed and had fun. Doris Unger, Cathy Cyrulik, Dr. Leonard Katz. I �Dr. Charles Ande rson with patient and students. Dr. Michael Rudnick with students in the lab. Summer Head Start Veronica Nwabi-Lazorus, Brawn, Dr. Wright. Ten potential medical students got a head start on their professional education during an eight-week summer session (June 7 - July 30). This was the eighth year that courses were offered in histology, embryology plus introduction to biochemistry and gross anatomy. Coordinator of the preparatory support program was Dr. Maggie Wright, assistant dean of student affairs and director of minority programs. The students also learned about study skills, test wiseness, and participated in a preceptorship program. During the first week there was a special orientation session featuring Dr. Leonard Katz, associate dean for student/curricular affairs and professor of medicine. Other guest speakers were Drs. John Richert, Randy Sarnacki and Frank Corbett. The teaching faculty: Drs. Murray Ettinger, biochemistry; E. Russell Hayes, Joseph Rutnick, Chester Glomski, Harold Brody and Michael Meenaghan, all members of the anatomy department. There were also four teaching assistant/tutors assigned to the program.D Danna Dr. Arthur Lee, associate professor 36 of surgery. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Four Physicians Honored Four physicians at the Erie County Medical Center were honored at the 62nd graduation ceremonies for hospital residents. The ceremonies were sponsored by the medical-dental staff of the hospital. The Ignatius Semmelweiss Award was given to two people: Moses Derechin, M.D. (resident in pathology) for work on a new cancer detection test and Irene Lee, Ph.D. (postdoctoral fellow in chemistry) for her work on calcium test interferences in dialysis patients. The Semmelweiss Award was created in 1974 by Dr. Desider Pragay, clinical associate professor of biochemistry, pathology and director of the chemistry department of the Erie County Laboratory. The award is named for Ignatius Semmelweiss, the pioneer in antiseptic and aseptic procedures for surgery, obstetrics/gynecology in the mid-1800s in Austria and Hungary. The Norman Chassin Award is named for the attending in medicine at the medical center. The outstanding teacher of the year award is selected by the medical residents at the medical center. It was given to Charles Chambers, M.D. (intern in the department of medicine). Finally, the White Coat Award of the residents was given to Allan Friedman, M.D. (attending physician, Buffalo General Hospital). It was the 8th annual award given a faculty member by the graduating residents.D During the summer 24 first and second year medical students were introduced to primary care. Several students were in hospitals, health clinics and physicians' offices in the Buffalo area, but most were in eastern New York cities. The Medical Education Community Orientation (MECO) Program, sponsored by the American Medical Student Association, is in its sixth year. James Fink, third-year student, directed the program. The physician/preceptors participated voluntarily. Most of the students were on six-week stipends, but several worked longer. Among the contributors were: the Annual Participating Fund for Medical Education (APFME). New York State Academy of Family Physicians, Lamb Foundation, Jeffrey Fell, Gebbie Foundation, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, Medical Society of Erie County, and Cornell Foundation. There were also several private contributors. The students who participated in the MECO program are: Paul Berkowitz, Diane Flanagan, Charles Shapiro, Lynda Stidham, Karen Schupak, Deborah Silberman, Robert Lasek, Robert Amberger, Tim Dyster, Carl Turissini, Richard Banner, Jon Wardner, Richard Rosenfeld, John Leddy, Susan Ascher, Gerard Brogan, Jr., James Wasserman, Joe Curletta, Marc Siegel, Shirley Vandermey, Bonnie Richardson, Paula Rothman, Carmen A. Alvarez and Judi Leichman. The preceptors are: Drs. Andrew Ageloff, Hirsch, Gerd J.A. Cropp, Willies, Michael Dunn, John Conboy, Emerson C. Reid, Oyster, Alfred Malinov, J. Martin Zianaman, Robert Katz, Ausabec, Levine, Irving Aronow, Edward Hutcheiss, Tom Gerbasi, Shirley Lippsett, Fred Grella, Donald Robinson, Schocket, and Don Collure.D WINTER, 1982 37 MECO Program �Dr. Mario Rattazzi with one of the 40 exhibits. Drs. James Hassett, James McReynolds, Michael Anbar, Robert Mc!saa c. 200 Attend First Annual Studen ti Departmen tal Research Exhibit Dean John Naughton, Dr. Leonard Katz. Dr. Thomas Flanagan, Andy Francis, Mary Caserta. �Clockwise from lower left: Drs. Sandy Matalon, Murray Ettinger, Robert Summers, Jeff Boidt, Andrew Snyder, Francis Klocke, Nicholas Lebowitz, Herman Szymanski, Michael An bar, Peter Hogan, Barry Eckert, Joseph Caruana, the exhibits, Cindy Pritach, Alexander Brownie, Peter Hogan, Gracia Constantino, David Crawford, Nancy Glieco. 39 �Summer Fellowships Twenty-seven medical students participated in the annual summer fellowship program. For the first time this program is supported by a three-year, $90,450 grant from the National Institutes of Health, according to Dr. Thomas Flanagan, professor of microbiology, the program director. The grant supports summer research efforts of medical students, according to associate director Dr. Randolph E. Sarnacki, assistant professor of social and preventive medicine. Trainees were selected from applicants who are undergraduate medical stvdents. The students worked in laboratories under the tutelage of a mentor, who was responsible for their training. The mentors were recruited on the basis of their research competence and their experience in training young investigators. Dr. Mario T. Rattazzi, professor of pediatrics, is acting chairman of the summer fellowship research committee while Dr. Flanagan is on leave. John Badia ... Dr. Leonard Freeman, Nuclear Medicine, Montefiore Hospital "Quantification of Time-Activity Dynamics in the Transit of 99mTc-IDA Analogs through the Common Bile Duct for the Evaluation of Partial Ductal Obstruction." John C. Bowen ... Dr. Michael D. Garrick, Biochemistry "Automated Determination of Reticulocyte Count Via Hemolysate RNA Concentration." Mary Caserta ... Dr. Richard Sills, Hematology, Children's Hospital - "Pathophysiology of the Anemia Associated with Haemophilus Influenzae Meningitis." James M. Esser ... Dr. Jerome Roth, Pharmacology- "Contribution of MAO, COMT and PST to Metabolic Inactivation of Catecholamines in the Nigrostriatal System of the Rat." Alan G. Finkel ... Dr. Charles Severin, Anatomy - "Efferent Projections of the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus in the Rat." Nicholas Flores ... Dr. Edwin Naylor, Pediatrics - "Maple Syrup Urine Disease: An Evaluation of Current Diagnostic and Management Procedures." Andrew Francis ... Dr. Jerome Roth, Pharmacology- "Activity of Neuron-Specific Enolase in Biological Fluids After Brain Damage: Continuation." Ira Handler . . . Dr. Edmund Egan, Neonatology, Children's Hospital - "Perinatal Disease, Visuomotor Development & Cognitive Function in Middle Childhood." Erica Heit ... Dr. Allan Lewis, Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital - "Aerosol Immunization in Prevention of Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Sepsis." Patricia C. Hsia ... Dr. Barry Eckert, Anatomy- "Organization of Intermediate Filaments in Primary Cell Cultures." Michael Lahood ... Dr. Michael Garrick, Biochemistry "Characterization & Sequencing of Embryonic Rat Globin Genes." Paul Lindner ... Dr. Norman Solkoff, Psychiatry, ECMC "Sex Difference in Habituation." 40 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Raymond Meeks ... Dr. Joseph Caruana, Jr. , Surgery, V.A. Hospital- "Investigating the Effects of Increased Endogenous Insulin: Glucagon Ratio on Rat Liver Regeneration after CCL' Poisoning.'' Amy L. Miller ... Dr. Scott Peterson, Boston University, Biology - "The Mechanism of Insulin Receptor Down Regulation." Paul Nancollas ... Dr. Dilip Sinha, Cell & Virus 4, RPMI "The Requirements of Growth of Human Mammary Epithelial Tumor Cells in Collagen Gel Primary Culture." David 0' eil ... Dr. Mario Rattazzi, Pediatrics , Children's Hospital- "Towards Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Tay-Sachs Disease: Immunohisto-chemical Detection of Native & Modified Human B-hexosaminidase in Cat Tissues." Randall I. Rosenthal . . . Dr. Saxon Graham - "Distant Dietary Recall - A Methodological Study." Emilia A. Rutigliano ... Dr. Peter Kanter , Experimental Therapeutics, RPMI- "Biochemical Mechanism of Action of AB163 and NSC-278214." Michael Sansano, Jr .. . . Dr. Alan Reynard, Pharmacology"The Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on the Binding of Cell Surface Antibody in Smooth and Rough Phenocopies of E. Coli ." Juliet Seigle ... Dr. S. Matalon, Physiology - "Effects of Resuming Air Breathing After Prolonged Exposure to 100 o/r o' on the Alveolar Permeability." Elizabeth Spatola ... Dr. Norman Solkoff, Psychiatry, ECMC - "Non-maternal Care & Child Development." Michelle Stram-Foltin ... Dr. Bruce Dow, Neurobiology "Neural Mechanisms of Color Perception in the Monkey." Donald Tingley . .. Dr. A. Spector, Dept. of Ophthalmology , College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University. Eveline Traeger .. . Dr. Herbert Schuel, Anatomy- "Role of Arachidonic Acid in the Prevention of Polyspermy." John A. Ulatowski ... Dr. William McHugh, Neurology, Millard Fillmore - "Metoprolol in the Treatment of Essential Tumor." James J. Woytash ... Dr. Michael Meenaghan, Oral Pathology - "Evaluation of Human Explant Specimens Used in Vascular Reconstructive Surgery: A Light & Transmission Electron Microscopic Study." SanS. Yuan ... Dr. J. Medige, Orthopaedics , ECMC- " The Effects of Radiotherapy on Bone Strength."D WI TER, 1982 41 �Potty Flanagan, Guen Nicholas, Kevin Ferentz, Amy Schueckler, Douglas Jackson. The Bond Lindo Peterson, Amy Schueckler, Lauro Jo Booth. 42 THE BUFFALO PHYSIC lA �Peter Accetta, Nevan Baldwin, Mark Vendetta, Bill Hanavan. Laura fa Booth, Linda Peterson. Medical School Follies Some 400 students, faculty and friends attended the third annual Medical School Follies last spring. It was an evening of laughs, music, song and dance sponsored by the second year medical students. After cocktails the guests were treated to over 24 acts performed by students and faculty, ranging from the sublime to the ridiculous.D Drs. Murray Ettinger, Alan Reynard, Leonard Katz, Thomas Flanagan, John Wright, Alexander Brownie. WINTER, 1982 43 The Dancer �Nutrition Lectures H UMAN genetic and biological variations in populations living at sea level and in the high altitudes of the Andes in South Ainerica was the theme of Dr. Jered Haas' nutrition lecture. He is associate professor of the division of nutritional sciences, at Cornell University. He told his audience of anthropology, medical students, and faculty of his research in Bolivia and Peru how the people of that part of the world adapted to continuous living at high altitudes. He compared the individual and group behavior of these people with those in orth America and Europe. In his illustrated lecture Dr. Haas mentioned several functioning domains physical performance, nervous system function, nutrition, reproduction, health, intellectual ability, affective functioning, growth and development, and cross tolerance and resistance to stress. "People are shorter and weigh less in the high altitudes when compared to those who live at low altitudes," he said. "One of the major deficiencies of the Andean country is the lack of good land to increase food production which in turn would improve the growth and development of the people. Good nutrition is related to work capacity, growth and development," the Cornell scientist said. In conclusion he noted that the birth weight of babies is less in high altitudes and this increases the mortality risk. "Indian women are better adapted to the environment and have larger babies because they have lived in the high altitudes for many generations. "0 Malnutrition is severe in the developing countries as well as many areas in North America, according to the associate director of clinical research at MIT. Dr. R.K. Chandra noted that 57 percent of children under 5 years of age in orth America die of malnutrition. "In United States hospitals 20 to 40 percent of adults admitted for major surgery have malnutrition," professor Chandra said. 44 In his illustrated lecture the India born researcher said he had been interested in the relationship between nutrition and immunity since early age. He showed examples of the impact of nutrition on immunity and its clinical significance. Dr. Chandra also discussed the effects of disease and infection on well nourished and malnourished children. " utritional supplements are very helpful to people of all ages when they are undernourished. Children usually rally in a few days when given nutritional supplements." Dr. Chandra noted: - there is inter-action between nutrition, immunity and infection; -nutrition must be balanced - not too much or too little; - a baby's weight at birth is very important to his growth; -malnutrition can affect several disease states.D Drugs Dr. Maurice Lipton noted that there are many conflicting opinions among scientistresearchers on the use of certain drugs to treat various disorders and diseases. "Some of the drugs were effective, but later the same drug was proved to be not reliable in the treatment of the same disorder." The University of North Carolina psychiatry professor discussed two causes and concepts of disease. "The toxic theory - in ancient days it was believed that the devil was responsible for toxins in the body. Later there was the vitamin deficiency theory. These two theories have been in competition with each other for many thousands of years, but in 1959 the theory changed from the toxic concept to the vitamin deficiency theory." Dr. Lipton noted that Dr. Freud believed in the toxic theory of mental illness. "Today starvation is the major cause of illness in the under-developed nations. Protein malnutrition is killing kids in third world countries. Malnutrition occurs in many Central American, African and Asian nations. The central nervous system in developing humans must have the proper nutritional intake." The director of biological sciences research said, "we have diseases of regulation in this country and Western Europe. Some of these are growth, hypertension, THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �diabetes and cancer. We do not have nutritional diseases, but lead toxins are prevalent." Dr. Lipton also mentioned briefly Dr. Linus Pauling's "theory of optimum concentration of molecules to keep the mind running properly. The more you use the better - use lots - as Dr. Pauling suggests, in the treatment of the common cold." Dr. Lipton made several other observations: -man does not eat to prevent illness; he eats for pleasure; -in the last 50 years the major area of advancement in public health has been nutrition; -only the elderly and babies have nutritional problems in the United States; -food additives often make kids have hyperkenesis, and there is evidence to prove this correlation; - the original idea that schizophrenia was of biological origin is nonsense; - many of the drugs used to treat schizophrenia patients in the early days were later proved to be ineffective; - when an illness is puzzling, we often think malnutrition is the cause; this is nonsense; - there is an interesting interaction between social stimulation and malnutrition being studied in Central America. Dr. Lipton does not believe that the large amounts of sodium glucomate that is present in our food today is damaging. In conclusion he said, "there are a lot of new things and magical thinking taking place today in the field of nutrition."D Aging "I am more interested in aging than nutrition." That is what Dr. Edward J. Masoro, professor and chairman of physiology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, told faculty and students. The educator cited laboratory animal studies that proved under feeding in early age assures longer life. "Nutrition manipulation will probably delay aging in humans. Food restriction delays all disease processes." Dr. Masoro discussed the four major characteristics of aging: mortality, body composition, physiologic decline, and age-related disease. "All of the mechanisms responsible for length of life have not been fully explored. WINTER, 1982 But aging research for humans and medical progress has improved the length of life." The professor noted that physiologic change is evident with aging in both animals and humans. "Lean body mass is lost with aging." In conclusion Dr. Masoro said, "we need more exploration of specific food items. We must pressure Congress for more money to use in government institutions for 30-year studies on nutrition and aging."D " utrition is not just what we eat." That was the theme of Dr. RichardS. Rivlin's nutrition lecture on "Control of Vitamin Metabolism by Hormones and Drugs." The professor of medicine at Cornell Medical College went on to say that vitamin deficiency affects the way nutrition is utilized. This is as basic to clinical diseases as to biochemistry. The chief of nutrition service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center reviewed the biochemistry of vitamin B-2 in his slide presentation. He noted that vitamin B-2 deficiency causes cataract, discolorment of the skin, muscle apathy and loss of weight. He also discussed how hormones control vitamins and molecule action. "Vitamin metabolism is important to brain activity," Dr. Rivlin said. "Finding vitamin deficiency is very difficult and complex. " Dr. Rivlin told the students and faculty that boric acid, used to preserve food, can caus~ nutrition deficiency. He specifically mentwned a study of boric acid interaction among ew York City people . In conclusion Dr. Rivlin said, "this is a very interesting and exciting field. Nutrition involves much more than just what people eat."D Taurine "Taurine is essential and important in the development of the brains of all species, including humans." Dr. John Sturman discussed his research involving taurine on laboratory animals - rats, cats, puppies, rabbits and monkeys - in a nutrition lecture. The researcher/educator of New York State's Institute for Basic Research and Mental Retardation noted that taurine also affects the retina and liver. "There was a major breakthrough in the taurine story when Dr. Hayes and his Boston colleagues pinned down the cause of retina degeneration in cats when there was an absence of taurine in the diet. 45 d- �Dr. Sturman made several other observations: - there is no evidence that taurine affects smell; - taurine is metabolized in the liver; - the magnitude of concentration is one of the problems with taurine; - how cholesterol is handled during the first few weeks of life is very important and may influence how it is handled in later life; - there is no taurine in synthetic formulas; -humans have been on taurine-free diets for years; -human milk is loaded with cholesterol. In conclusion Dr. Sturman noted that the cartons that synthetic formulas come in cost more than the ingredients. "The synthetic formula industry is huge."O Nutrition and Health "Nutrition and health is the great question of our time. Everyone is obsessed with health in this country. People want to be healthy because of the high cost of being ill." That was the theme of Dr. M.C. esheim's nutrition lecture. He also discussed recent human nutrition developments and dietary guidelines. The director of nutritional sciences at Cornell University noted that 15 to 20 million Americans are recipients of on-going food programs (food stamp, school lunch, breakfast feeding, elderly programs, etc.) . "There is much people can do on their own to stay healthy. They can eat properly, exercise and have good personal habits. They can control their health to a certain extent by good nutritional and dietary practices," he said. "There is much disagreement in the nutrition community on the relationship between diet and chronic illness. But there is good evidence that diet and environmental factors are responsible for heart disease. Studies from around the world indicate that diet may play an important part in some chronic diseases." Dr. esheim noted that colon cancer and breast cancer among women is higher in the United States when compared to other countries. The scientist-educator discussed epidemiologic evidence and clinical studies that show the relationship between diet and 46 heart disease. "There is a correlation between cholesterol and incidence of heart disease." He mentioned the dietary goals adopted by a Senate select committee on nutrition in 1977. This is further proof of interest in nutrition and health by governmental agencies. Dr. esheim made several other observations: -fiber intake is important; - don't overeat - keep weight down; -reduce consumption of sugar, salt, beef and eggs; -use alcoholic beverages with moderation; -smoking and diabetes contribute to heart disease; - density of diet (calories per pound) has increased; - eat more fruits, vegetables, poultry and fish; -and a better diet will decrease mortality in some instances. In conclusion Dr. Nesheim said, "all studies indicate that we need to change our dietary patterns if we are to achieve better health. In the next few years we will see much more publicity on diet changes. The public will demand more advice on diet and nutrition."O Life Style Diet, environment and life style all contribute to cancer, according to Dr. W.J. Visek, professor of clinical sciences at the University of Illinois. "Forty percent of cancer in males and 60 percent in females may be diet related." He listed several environmental factors that cause cancer - tobacco, alcohol, sunlight, occupations, radiation, genetic and congential. The scientist-educator noted several studies that indicate that cancer is more prevalent in the western world than in developing nations. "The intake of fat, protein, calories and fibers is very important and often is correlated with cancer and heart disease." In another study Seven-day Adventists, who are vegetarians, and drink no coffee or alcoholic beverages, have a lower rate of cancer than the average population. MorTHE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �mons, on the other hand, who are meat eaters, but refrain from drinking and smoking, have less cancer than the average population. Scottish people, who are big meat eaters, have a high rate of colon cancer, according to Dr. Visek. "Fiber and vitamin A may be common denominators in the fight against cancer. People in South African nations have a high fiber intake, and less cancer. Diets that are high in animal fat are also high in calories and this is bad. If a person is 25 percent overweight, he has a 40 percent greater chance of dieing from cancer. Fats have nine calories per gram while protein and carbohydrates have only four calories per gram. In conclusion Dr. Visek suggested: -cancer is not an inevitable fact of life; -fat is a promoter of cancer; not an initiator; -unsaturated fats are worse than saturated fats; -fiber inhibits the absorption of fats; - breast cancer and colon cancer are highly correlated.O diet as compared to the highly refined western diet. Studies show calories increase carcinagensis in animals and unsaturated fats increases colon and mammary cancers. Breast cancer is uncommon in Japanese women, but higher in upper socio-economic groups, according to Dr. Newberne. Breast cancer is influenced by body weight and height. The nutrition expert suggests: - a balanced diet must not be deficient in fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, and milk; - a high starch diet may cause cancer; - esophageal cancer may be related to diet (low copper and zinc levels) and geographic areas; -vitamin A is important in the nutritional fight against cancer; -bran is a good source of fiber, but there are many other good fibers; -protein content and concentration has an affect on cancer; -eating beef is not necessarily bad for your health.D Brain Growth Cancer utrition is not the total answer to cancer, according to Dr. P.M. Newberne, professor of nutritional pathology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "But if we can provide a better diet from an early period in life we may be able to resist things that cause cancer." "The theory that 80 to 90 percent of cancer in humans is environmental is wrong. We develop cancer within our own bodies but why, we do not know," Dr. ewberne said. The scientist took note of studies that show obesity causes many diseases - colon and breast cancer, heart disease, hypertension and diabetes - just to mention a few. "Epidemology has given us the most information on human cancer, but there are many other studies underway that will give us additional data." The MIT professor said that Japanese who have moved to Hawaii and California had more colon tumors in the second generation after moving than those who remained in Japan. Africans don't have as much color cancer because they have more fiber in their WINTER, 1982 Two visiting nutrition experts, cosponsored by Tops Friendly Markets, agreed that food intake is important to brain growth and affects behavior. "At the turn of the century we didn't think nutrition affected the brain and behavior. The old brain sparing concept was proven false," Dr. Dave Levitsky said. The Cornell University psychology professor noted that this concept has changed because of tests on laboratory animals. "Many people believe food additives affect children's behavior, but this is not true. But when parents change their children's diet, they behave differently. Children show a delay in their brain growth because of poor nutrition. The changes are irreversible when children and animals have poor nutrition during the time of peak brain growth. The brain is smaller in malnurished animals," Dr. Levitsky said. The Cornell professor noted a South African study in 1950 that showed that children who suffered malnutrition had an IQ lag. He also indicated that often nutrition and environment are inner-related. 47 �Pigs are excellent models in studying nutrition, according to Dr. Levitsky. They also used rats, monkeys and rabbits in their laboratory experiments. "When food was restricted animals often became frantic and showed a lot of emotion." Food quantit.Y and composition is v,ery important to the brain function, accor-ding to Dr. G. Harvey Anderson, professor of nutrition at the University of Toronto. "The foods we eat actively affect brain biochemistry and ultimately this affects our behavior." The educator-scientist noted that food intake affects our sleep, pain, emotions , memory, apathy, motor coordination and depression. In his illustrated lecture Dr. Anderson showed how different diets affected laboratory animals. "Severe malnutrtion in rats changed their behavior. This also holds true for humans," he concluded.D Dr. Gresham Dr. Glen E. Gresham, professor and chairman of the department of rehabilitation medicine at U/B and director of rehabilitation medicine at Erie County Medical Center, was active in programs related to both stroke and spinal cord injury rehabilitation during the 1981-82 academic year. In the American Heart Association, Dr. Gresham was appointed to the Stroke Program Subcommittee of the national headquarters in Dallas and attended its annual meeting in New Orleans. At that time, the Stroke Committee of the Western New York Chapter was asked to develop guidelines for stroke rehabilitation services in the home. The W.N.Y. Stroke Committee also sponsored a major stroke education event in May, featuring Jacqueline Mayer Townsend. Also during 1981-82, Dr. Gresham completed three years of service as chairman of the Stroke Committee for the New York State Affiliate of the AHA and was a keynote speaker for a fall CME course on cognitive rehabilitation held in Rochester. He continues as chairman of the Stroke Committee of the W.N.Y. Chapter. In June, he gave a guest lecture on "Hemiplegia" at the Canada West Medical Congress in Vancouver. Dr. Gresham, who is also director of the spinal cord injury unit at Erie County Medical Center, is the first physician from Buffalo to 48 be elected to membership in the American Spinal Injury Association. During 1981-82, he continued to work with a newly developed Quadriplegia Index of Function and gave presentations about this new evaluation technique at the Inter-Urban SCI Meeting in Minnowbrook, ew York, the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine in San Diego, the American Spinal Injury Association in New York City, and the W.N.Y. Section of the American Physical Therapy Association in Buffalo. Dr. Gresham's co-workers in the development and testing of the Quadriplegia Index of Function were Sharon S. Dittmar, R.N., Ph.D.; Maria L.C. Labi, Ph.D.; John T. Hicks, R.P.T.; Sandra Z. Joyce, O.T.R.; and Margaret A. Phillips, R.N., M.S. The SCI Unit at Erie County Medical Center celebrated its third anniversary of successful operation on July 2, 1982. This unit, the first and only one of its kind in Buffalo, serves the seven counties of Western ew York. The celebration ceremonies featured a lecture by Dr. Murray Freed, noted SCI authority from Boston University, which was followed by a formal recognition by Dr. Gresham and Mr. James A. Phillips, administrator, of the contributions of all those persons whose dedication and service have made this program a success.D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Medical Alumni Officers Dr. Baumler Dr. Robert A. Baumler is the new president. He is a 1952 Medical School graduate and assistant clinical professor of medicine and associate physician at the Buffalo General Hospital. He has been on the faculty since 1956. Dr. Baumler took a rotating internship at the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital. He took his residency in medicine at the Buffalo General Hospital in 1953-55. This was followed by a cardiology residency at the New England Center Hospital in Boston. The physician-educator is a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology and the American College of Physicians. He is on the clinical cardiology council of the American Heart Association. Dr. Baumler is president of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine. He is a past president of the Western ew York Heart Association and the Medical Historical Society of Western ew York. He served in the United States Army in Dr. Eugene M. Sullivan Jr., is the new vice-president. He received both his bachelor's and medical degrees from U/B in 1959 and 1963 respectively. He joined the faculty in 1967 and is a clinical instructor in surgery. Dr. Sullivan had a rotating internship at Buffalo Mercy and then took his residency at the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital July 1964- September 1964, and September 1966 to July 1971. From September 1964 to September 1966 he was a medical advisor to the Korean Army. He also served 12 months at the Valley Forge General Hospital in the medical division of the Korean Military Advisory Group. Dr. Sullivan is a Fellow, American College of Surgeons and is a member of five other professional associations. He is an attending on the staffs of three hospitals- Our Lady of Victory, Buffalo Mercy and Erie County Medical Center.D Dr. Sullivan 1945-46.0 WINTER, 1982 49 Dr. Przylucki Dr. John E. Przylucki is the new treasurer. He received his bachelor's degree from Georgetown University in 1969 and his M.D. from U/ B in 1973. He joined the faculty in 1973 and is a clinical instructor in surgery. Dr. Przylucki took his residency in surgery at the Millard Fillmore Hospital from 1973-77, and has been director of the Intensive Care Unit at the hospital since he completed his residency. He is affiliated with St. Joseph's Intercommunity Hospital and is active in several local, state and regional professional associations.D �People Fourteen faculty and resident staff from the Department of Urology at U/B and Roswell Park Memorial Institute have presented scientific papers at the Northeast Section of the American Urological Association. The faculty and residents involved were Drs. Salah A. Elsaharty, clinical assistant instructor in surgery; J. Edson Pontes, associate professor; Zew Wajsman, research associate professor; Sunmolu Beckley, clinical assistant professor; Gerald Sufrin, professor and chairman; Kevin Pranikoff , assistant professor; Imre V. Magoss, professor; Jitendra Varma, clinical assistant instructor; Barry Malin, clinical assistant professor ; John F.M. Gaeta, professor of pathology and associate professor of urology; Shiro C. Imahori , clinical assistant professor of pathology; Gerald P. Murphy, research professor of urology; G. Swaneck, R. Rabinowitz, and Lenore S. Englander, clinical associate professor of pathology.O Dr. Eugene A. Gorzynski, professor of microbiology, has been elected a Fellow of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.O Dr. Felix Milgram, professor and chairman of microbiology, presented three seminars in Caracas , Venezuela recently. He was a visiting lecturer at Louisiana State University.O Front Row L toR: Drs. Joseph Kij, Sr., John Leone, Samu e l Costilone, Meyer Riwch un , M ilton Palmer. Back Row L to R: Drs. Richard Sounders, J. Frede rick Painton , Herbert Berwald, Lawrence Carlino. Dr. Lawrence Jacobs, clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology, clinical associate professor of neurology, and research assistant professor of physiology, was elected to the American eurological Association.D Dr. John F. Reilly, Jr., M'64, clinical instructor in medicine, has been elected president of the Western New York Society of Internal Medicine. Others elected were: Drs. Elton M. Rock, M'59, vice president, and Martin Mango, M'71 , secretary. Both are clinical assistant professors of medicine . Dr. Rajinder S. Sachar, clinical instructor in medicine, was elected treasurer.O Dr. Avirachan Tharapel , assistant professor of pediatrics, is the recipient of a $9,991 grant entitled: "Fragile-X chromosome study in families with X-linked mental retardation. " The grant is issued through the March of Dimes: Birth Defects Foundation and is from July 1982 through June 1983.0 Dr. Judith Hirsch, research assistant professor of physiology, has been awarded the Scholl Fellowship from the National Sudden Death Syndrome Foundation. She will join the Division of Pulmonar:, Disease to work with Drs. Gerd J.A. Cropp, professor of pediatrics/ assistant professor of physiology, and James A. Russell, assistant professor of pediatrics, on the study of heart oscillations in babies considered at risk of Sudden Infant Death.O Dr. Franz Glasauer, professor of neurosurgery, participated in a Soviet-American eurosciences study tour in Central Asia in May. During the visit he presented papers and visited hospitals and research institutes in several cities including the Burdenko Institute for Neurosurgery in Moscow. He was elected to the board of trustees of the Foundation for International Education in Neurological Surgery, Inc.O Five faculty members have co-authored three papers for scientific journals. They are : Drs. Margaret MacGillivray, Mary Voorhess, professors of pediatrics; Philip K. Li, assistant professor of pediatrics; Theodore I. Putnam, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics; and Erika Bruck, professor emeritus, pediatrics.D The 1927 Class at Spring Clinical Day 50 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �The 1932 Class at Spring Clinical Day First Row L toR: Drs. Angelo Leone, Leo Kopec, Arthur Cro me r, Jr., Myrtle Wilcox-Vincent. Second Row L to R: Drs. William Lewis, Carmela Patti, Marion Chimera, Roy Reed, Frank Leone, Joseph Smolev, Robert orthrup, Benjamin Obletz. Third Row L to R: Drs. Ha r vey Sloc um, Ra ym ond McCarth y, El mer Friedland, Arthur Strom , Ernest Homokay. Dr. Pearay L. Ogra , professor of pediatrics/ microbiology, presented a seminar at the Interasma Congress , Salsomagiore, Italy. He was a visiting professor of infectious diseases at Harbor-University of California at the Los Angeles Medical Center.O Dr. Ernst H. Beutner , professor of microbiology, presented three papers and a lecture for the Japanese Dermatological Association at the 16th International Congress of Dermatology in Tokyo . He also presented a seminar at the University of South Florida , Tampa.O Dr. Robin M. Bannerman, professor of medicine/ pediatrics , received a $175,000, twoyear grant from DHEW / MCJ for his Human Genetic Program.O Dr . Arnold I. Freeman, professor of pediatrics and head of the department at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, spoke at the 2nd International Meeting of Tumor Pharmacotherapy . His topic: "Childhood Leukemia CNS Prevention. " Dr. Freeman also authored an article for a scientific journal.O WI TER , 1982 Dr . Alejandro G. Paves , clinical instructor in gyn-ob, has moved from Warsaw , NY to Washington, DC . His new address is 1016 N. Scheuber Road #52 , Centralia , WA 98531.0 Dr. Duane T. Freier , professor of surgery, has been named chief of the department of surgery at Buffalo General Hospital. Since July 1980 he has served as chief of surgery at the Deaconess Division of Buffalo General and is director of the Medical School 's Renal Transplantation Program.O A 20-bed unit , designed to meet th e medical needs of persons no longer able to function normally because of drug abuse , is open at Erie County Medical Center. Dr. Nathaniel C. Webster is the director and psychiatric management is provided by Dr. Oscar Lopez, clinical assistant professor of ps ychiatry. Several members of the health care team will try to help patients 16 or older to break drug dependencies, clear up associated medical problems, solve their problems and find needed community service agency help.D Dr. Irwin Friedman, clinical associate professor of medicine , was selected to receive the Teacher of the Year Award by the medical residents at the annual graduation ceremonies at the Erie County Medical Center.D 51 �The 1937 Class at Spring Clinical Day Front Row L to R: Drs. Irving Weiner, Robert Lipse tt, Rose Lenaha n, Cha rles Banas, David Wein traub, John A m b rusko. Back Row L to R : Drs . Geo rge Koep f, S oli Goodman, Theod ore Fle mming, Charles Woeppel, Leon Roe, Jame s MacCa ll um , W illia m Ball , Samu el Dispe nz a, Richard Block , Willi am Whit e, Edw in Kriedeman n, Fran cis Eh re t, M. Luther Musselma n. Carolyn Haynie, a fourth year medical student, is the recipient of a $2,000 Rock Sleyster Memorial Scholarship. This is given to an outstanding third-year minority student who is interested in pursuing a career in psychiatry by the American Medical Association, Division of Educational Standards and Evaluation.D Dr. Djavad T. Arani has been appointed director of the angiology department at Buffalo General Hospital succeeding Dr. Ivan I. Bunnell, clinical professor of medicine, who was director for 14 years and is remaining with the department. Dr. Arani is a clinical associate professor of medicine at the Medical School.D Dr. Willard G. Fischer, M'36, has been reelected president of the Foundation of Deaconess Hospital, a division of Buffalo Ge neral Hospital. Elected to the board of directors for three-year terms were: Drs. Kenneth H. Eckhert, Jr., M'68, clinical assistant professor of surgery; Henry E. Black, clinical associate professor of medicine and clinical assistant professor of family medicine; and Harold C. Castilone, M'57, clinical assistant professor of gyn-ob.D 52 Three faculty members at Roswell Park Memorial Institute have received federal grants from the National Cancer Institute. The largest grant, $199,286, was awarded to Dr. Edward D. Holyoke of the surgical oncology department to study the pathophysiology of cancer metastasis. He is a research professor of surgery at the Medical School. Dr. Thomas L. Dao, research associate professor of surgery, has received a grant of $73,905 for a breast cancer study. Dr. Harold 0. Douglass, Jr., surgical oncology department at Roswell, is the recipient of a $31,683 grant for a study involving patients with gastric and pancreatic cancer. He is a research associate professor of surgery at the Medical School.D Three faculty members will attempt to identify factors which trigger post traumatic stress syndrome among Vietnam veterans. According to Dr. orman Solkoff, professor of psychiatry, the study will be conducted with Drs. Stuart Keill, clinical professor of psychiatry and Israel Alvarez, clinical assistant professor of medicine and nuclear medicine, at the Veterans Administration Medical Center. Approximately 100 Vietnam veterans will be interviewed.D TH E BUFFALO PHYSIC IAN �Dr. Ramesh Kohli, clinical instructor in medicine, is the medical director of the Hemodialysis Unit at the Deaconess Division of Buffalo General Hospital.D Dr. P.C. Lee, associate professor of pediatrics, has co-authored five papers for scientific journals with Drs. Brooks, Lebenthal, Kim, Carmody, Barrett, Ogra, and Riepenhoff-Talty. Dr. Lee also addressed the joint meeting of the American Institute of Nutrition and the American Society for Clinical utrition and the Canadian Society for Nutritional Sciences at Pennsylvania State University.O Dr. Elliott Middleton, professor of medicine/pediatrics, was a guest speaker at a symposium in Copenhagen on Cellular and Neurogenic Mechanisms in the Nose and Bronchi. He also spoke at the 2nd International Conference on Immunopharmacology in Washington, D.C.D Dr. Stanley J. Szefler, assistant professor of pedia tries/pharmacology/therapeutics, spoke at Fitzsimmons Army Hospital, in Denver and was a visiting professor at the University in London, Canada.D Four faculty members have received a $59,000 award from the Dr. Louis Sklarow Memorial Fund to study the influence of hormanes and other factors on glucose control and lipid metabolism in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. They are: Drs. Margaret Macgillivray and Mary Voorhess, professors of pediatrics; and Drs. Luis Mosovich and Philip K. Li, associate professors of pediatrics.D Dr. Erwin Neter, professor emeritus of pediatrics/microbiology, wrote a chapter entitled, "Microbiology of the Genitourinary System" for Medical Microbiology. He also co-authored a scientific article with Dr. Howard S. Faden, associate professor of pediatrics. In addition, Dr. Neter co-authored an article for the Journal of Pediatrics with Drs. T. Dennis Sullivan and Leonard J. LaScolea, both assistant professors of pediatrics. Dr. Neter spoke at the State University of California, Long Beach. His topic: "HostParasite Relationships: Recent Developments." He also presented two lectures in Heidelberg, West Germany recently. He was named man of the year, 1982 by the Buffalo Pediatric Society and elected chairman of the American Academy of Microbiology for 1982-83. He has also been appointed to the editorial board of a new publication, Diagnostic Immunology.D Front Row L to R: Drs. Oliver P. Jones, Edward Schwabe, Frances Gulliksen, Horace Battaglia , Harrison Karp. Back Raw L to R: Drs. William Staubitz, Richard Milazzo, Baris Marmolya , Albert Addesa, Vincent Parlante, Charles Baudo, Kent Brown, Leon Yochelson, Michael Jurca , Richard Ament, Vincent Cotroneo, Urban Throm. The 1942 Class at Spring Clinical Day WI TER, 1982 53 People �People Dr. Giuseppe A. Andres, professor of microbiology in pathology and medicine, participated in the 8th International Congress of Nephrology in Athens, and the International Meeting on Advances in Clinical Immunology of Liver and Kidney Diseases and Therapy in Erice, Italy. He addressed the annual meeting of the American Association of Pathologists, Minisymposia of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology in New Orleans. In addition, he gave a lecture entitled "Basement Membranes in Disease" for the Gordon Research Conference at Proctor Academy in Andover, New Hampshire . Dr. Andres is associate editor of Diagnostic Immunology and is appointed to the Transplantation Immunology Committee of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.D Dr. Emanuel Lebenthal, professor of pediatrics, was a visiting professor in nutrition at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine recently. His topics: "Milk Protein Allergy - Fact or Fiction"; "Perinatal Malnutrition"; "Impact of GI Development on Infant Nutrition." He was also a visiting professor and lecturer at Brown University. His topic was "The Impact of the ontogeny of the gut on infant nutrition." In addition, he attended the 5th Annual Alden H. Blackman Memorial Lecture at Brown University and spoke on "Lactose Intolerance - A Developmental Approach." Dr. Lebenthal has co-authored several articles for professional journals.D Dr. Peter Nickerson, professor of pathology, has co-authored three scientific articles for professional journals. He is also chairman of the "freshman orientation committee at the Medical School.D Dr. James R. Humbert, professor of pediatrics, was invited to speak at St. Justine Hospital, Montreal on "Iron Deficiency and Infections," and "Neutrophil Dysfunction in Oncology Disorders in Children." He also spoke at the University of Geneva Medical School, Switzerland recently. He has also coauthored an article for the Journal of Pediatrics. The title: "Newborn Screening for Hemoglobinopathies in New York State: Experience of Physicians and Parents of Affected Children."D Dr . Adrian Vladutiu has been promoted to professor of microbiology. He has authored and co-authored five scientific articles in professional journals recently. In addition, Dr. Vladutiu has received a $7,000 GRS grant.D First Row L toR: Drs. Robe rt Dean, Victor Welch, Daniel Riordan. William Bukowski , William Edgecomb, William Rob ert Ja ege~ Second Row L to R: Drs. Harold Peskovitz, Hans Kipping, Edward Breakell, Arthur Schaefe r, Daniel Curtin, Frederick Whiting, Anthony Merlino, Carl Nicosia. Third Row L to R: Drs. John Waite, Elbert Hubbard, Richard Kenline , Jam es Stagg, Edwin Lenahan, John Sheffer. Fourth Row L to R: Drs. C. Newer, James Phillips, Anthony Prezyna, Jerom e Tokars. Bake~ The 1947 Class at Spring Clinical Day 54 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �The 1952 Class at Spring Clinical Day Front Row L toR: Drs. Ralph Obler, Silvon Simpson, Roy Thurn, Eugen e Loeser, Burton Stu/berg, Oli ver Ste iner, John Ranchoff. Bock Row L to R: Drs. James Zeller, Milton Lapp, Robert Baumle r, Alfred Laza rus, Robert Wilson, Neal Fuhr, Jefferson Underwood, A lvin Brown, Albert Cartner, Joseph Gene wich, Me lvin Oys te r, Victor Pana ro. Or. Fred Rosen, former associate institute director for scientific affairs at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, received the sixth annual Dr. William H. Wehr Award, in August, in recognition of his distinguished career in cancer research at the Institute. Dr. Rosen joined the Institute staff in 1956 as associate cancer research scientist in the Experimental Therapeutics Department; and in 1979, he served as associate institute director for scientific affairs until his retirement in 1981. In addition, Or. Rosen served as research professor of biochemistry and adjunct professor of pharmacology at the Roswell Park Graduate Division at U/ B; and research professor of biology at Niagara University and Canisius College. Dr. Rosen is a member of many national scientific organizations including the American Association for Advancement of Science, the Endocrine Society, and the American Chemical Society. He has authored or collaborated on ov er 100 scientific publications. The Award is named after Or. William H. Wehr, who devoted his entire 37-year medical career to Roswell Park. He was one of the first ca nce r researchers in the nation to use radium in cancer treatment, and was instrumental in the growth and development of the Institute into a world leader in the fields of cancer research, treatment and education. Dr. Wehr died in 1980.0 WI TER, 1982 Elliot F. Ellis, professor and chairman of pediatrics , lectured at the University of California, Irving and Memorial Hospital Medical Center; Washington State Allergy Society, Tacoma; and the 30th annual Scientific Assembly of the West Virginia Chapter, American Academy of Family Physicians. His topics: "Allergy and Asthma Update "; "Theophylline Madness." He gave three lectures in Las Hadas, Mexico at the 6th annual Postgraduate Course in Pediatrics and also participated in several workshops on Food Allergies, Allergic Disease and Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Allergy. In addition, Dr. Ellis spoke at the Baystate Medical Center Monthly Pediatric Teaching Seminar on "Immunotherapy in Allergic Diseases." He also addressed the Florida Allergy Society and the American Academy of Pediatrics (Chapter I, District II) in Syracuse.O Dr. Andrea Jacobson has been appointed assistant professor of psychiatry, in charge of famil y studies. Dr. Jacobson received her M.D. from the University of California, Irvine in 1976 and her Ph.D. in psychology from Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore in 1972. Her psychiatric residency was at the University of Wisconsin. Prior to coming to Buffalo, she was a member of the South Bay Medical Psychiatric Group in California and taught in the Stanford psychiatry department.O 55 �The 1957 Class at Spring Clinical Day First Row L to R: Drs. Jam es Collins , Germonte Bon caldo, John Bongiovanni , Robe rt Sussman , Phili p Brune ll , Myron Go rsens tei n, Benn y Ce lnik e r. Second Row L to R: Drs. Josep h Kij , Jr ., John Parker, Paul A rchambeau , Robe rt Ca rpe nt e r, Charl es O'Con nor, She rm an Wa ld m an , John Cusick, Sol Messinge r, Harold Castiglion e. Thi rd Row L to R : Drs. Hilliard Jas on , Gregory Thors e ll, Be rnard Wak efie ld, Edwa rd Weise nh ei m e r, Bronson Bergho rn , Je rom e Kassire r, Ronald Toffo lo. Dr. Norman Solkoff, profes&or of psychiatry, participated in the International Conference on the Holocaust and Genocide in Tel Aviv. His topic: "Critical Review of the Literature: Survivors and Children of Survivors of the Holocaust. "0 Dr. Brian Joseph, associate professor of psychiatry, consulted and taught recently at the Ashkelon Regional Mental Health Clinic in Israel. He also consulted with the Israeli Defense Forces' (department of psychiatry) regarding traumatic neurosis based on his experience as a flight surgeon in Vietnam.D Dr . Steven Gutman, assistant professor of pathology, talked to the Western New York Division, American Association of Clinical Chemists in Ithaca. His topic: "Colorometric Determination of Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Diabetic Patients."D Dr. Margaret H. McAloon is a clinical associate professor of medicine at the Ambulatory Care Center, Buffalo General Hospital. She is a 1971 graduate of the Medical College of Pennsylvanian U/B has formed a library consortium of health institutions in Buffalo that embraces the eight teaching hospitals - Buffalo General/Deaconess, Children's, Mercy, Erie County Medical Center , Millard Fillmore , Research Institute on Alcoholism, Sisters of 56 Charity and the VA Medical Center. The consortium will encourage the libraries to formalize their cooperative efforts to strengthen and share collective resources and services; to provide more effective library and information services to meet the educational and health care needs of these institutions.D A U/ B professor who is internationally known for his pioneering research in biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics has received the 1982 Volwiler Research Achievement Award from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Dr. Gerhard Levy, 53 , distinguished professor of pharmaceutics and the director of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Center at U/B, was selected to receive the award because of his innovative research , which has significantly altered the direction of pharmaceutical education. The award, established to honor Ernest H . Volwiler, retired president and research director of Abbott Laboratories , is presented to pharmacy faculty members who differentiate themselves via their research.D Dr. Robin M. Bannerman, professor of medicine/pediatrics, was a guest lecturer at the VA Medical Center, St. Louis recently. His topic: "Background to Agent Orange: Some Previous Environmental Cases including Seveso and Love Canal."D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Martin B. Wingate, assistant dean for continuing education, and professor of ob/ gyn, was recently honored for having attained the highest level of achievement in both practice of medicine and the management of health care organizations. Dr. Wingate is among the first physicians in the country to be awarded membership in the American College of Physician Executives and be recognized for excellence in medical management. Physician executives add a new resource to health care organizations. Having demonstrated excellence in all aspects of patient care, the physician executive adds to these clinical skills the management training and experience necessary to more efficiently organize the highest quality health care services in a time of ever increasing costs and technology.O Dr. Nicholas Varallo of Lockport has been appointed to the Lockport Memorial Hospital Medical Staff with privileges in famil y medicine. Dr. Varallo completed a Fifth Pathway Program at U/B and is a graduate of the Autonoma University of Medicine in Guadalajara , Mexico. He served as a pediatric resident at Buffalo Children's Hospital and was chief resident in family practice at iagara Falls Memorial Medical Center prior to his appointment.D Dr. Marvin Herz, professor and chairman of psychiatry, received a Distinguished Alumnus Award from the University of Chicago Medical School. He is the principal investigator for a NIMH $52 ,140 Graduate Training Grant, "Medical Student Education, Psychiatry." Recently he also gave grand rounds presentations at the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center , Westchester Division, White Plains, the University of Rochester, N.Y. , and Gowanda Psychiatric Center. Dr. Herz also participated on a panel at the Society for Psychotherapy Research in Vermont; conducted a workshop at the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston; presented papers at the annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Associ ation in Toronto; and at a symposium on "Contemporary Issues in Partial Hospitalization at St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center, New York City; and at Wadsworth VA Medical Center, Brentwood Division, Los Angeles. He was also faculty course coordinator " Prevention of Relapse in Schizophrenia," in Toronto at the American Psychiatric Association meeting.O Dr. Robert J. Grantham, assistant professor of psychiatry, is president-elect (1982-83) of the Rotary Club of Kenmore.O First Row L to R: Drs. An th ony Floccare, George Tze tzo, David Carlson, Anth ony Markello, Sebastian Fasanello, Gerald Patterson, Pau l Loree. Second Raw L toR: Drs. Gail Gurtner, Arthu r Kl ein, Ja mes Bum bolo, Mor ton Klein, Ph ilip Morey, Michael Madden, Joseph Gerbasi, Joseph Armenia, Robert Ney. Third Row L to R: Drs. Charles Adams, Gordon Lang, James Graber, Philip Weisinger, Robert Klocke, Owen Bossman. The 1962 Class at Spring Clinical Day WINTER, 1982 57 People �People Drs. John W. Cudmore, M'62 and RogerS. Dayer, M'60, have assumed responsibility for the medical and administrative supervision of the emergency clinic at Buffalo General Hospital. Both are clinical associate professors of surgery. Dr. Dayer was also elected secretary of the hospital's medical staff.D Five faculty members are new officers of the Western New York Society of Internal Medicine. Dr. John F. Reilly, Jr., M'64, clinical instructor in medicine, is the new president. Other officers: Drs. Elton M. Rock, M'59, clinical assistant professor of medicine, vice president; Mantin Mango, M'71, clinical assistant professor of medicine, secretary; Rajinder S. Sachar, clinical instructor in medicine, treasurer; Robert Scheig, professor of medicine, and Carl J. Sheusi both delegates to the New York State Society of Internal Medicine.D Five pharmacology and therapeutics faculty members have authored or co-authored scientific articles for professional journals. They are: Drs. Robert J. Mcisaac and Cedric M. Smith, professors; Jerome A. Roth, associate professor; and Paul J. Kostyniak and James R. Olson, assistant professors.D Dr. Ganesh N. Deshpande, assistant professor of pedia tries, spoke at the Cryobiology Association meeting in Houston on "Functional Evaluation of Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (PMN); and Cryopreserved in a Dextran Glycerol Buffer (DGB).D Dr. Frank J. Cerny, research assistant professor of pediatrics/microbiology, spoke on "Exercise Breathing Pattern in Black and White Children and Young Adults" in Minneapolis at the American College of Sports Medicine Conference; and in Boston at the Fifth International Symposium on the Biochemistry of Exercise. His topic: "Exercise-Induced Loss of Muscle Enzymes." He also co-authored an article, "Characteristics of Adjustment of Lung Diffusing Capacity to Work" for the Journal of Applied Physiology.D Dr. Marie Riepenhoff-Talty of Hamburg has been named director of the virology laboratory at Children's Hospital. Formerly assistant director of the laboratory, Dr. Riepenhoff-Talty received a doctoral degree in microbiology, specializing in virology, from U/B.D F'ront Row L to R: Drs. Jam es Giambrone, Thomas Angustine, Jr., Jahn Kelly, Robert Brawn , Laird Quenzler, Richard Daffner. Back Row L to R: Drs. Ronald Levy, Thomas O'Connor, Jonathan Ehrlich, Donald Miller, Paul Goldfarb, Thomas Sheehan, Arthur Sosis, John Gibbs. The 1967 Class at Spring Clinical Day 58 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �The 1972 Class at Spring Clinical Day First Row L to R: Drs. Karen Price, Lind a Kam , Robe rt Kraopnik, Denn is Grass. Joseph Oliver, George Lu ndgre n. Secon d Row L to R: Drs. Ion Frankfort, A lan Ast, Stuart Ru bin, Robert Einhorn, Steph en Levine. Thi rd Row L to R: Drs. Richard Sa vage, Robert Cooper, John Kraus, Philip M oudy, Richa rd Dolina r. Dean John Naughton is the new president of the Western New York Chapter of the American Heart Association. Dr. Arthur Orlick is first vice-president, and Dr. Glen E. Gresham, professor and chairman of rehabilitation medicine, is second vicepresident.D Dr. Melinda S. Kwong, assistant professor of pediatrics , spoke on "Microvascular Permeability in Asphyxia" at the MidAtlantic Conference on Perinatal Research in Hershey, PA recently.D Two assistant professors of pediatrics, Drs. Leonard J. LaScolea and T. Dennis Sullivan, co-authored a scientific article with Dr. Erwin Neter, professor emeritus, for Pediatrics. The title: "Relationship between the Magniture of Bacteremia in Children and the Clinical Disease ." Dr. LaScolea also co-authored another article for the Journal of Clinical Microbiology.D Dr. Frank Schimpfhauser, associate professor of social and preventive medicine and assistant dean for development/ evaluation, has been elected to the board of directors, Mental Health Association of Erie County.O WI TER, 1982 Dr . Helen M. Caldicott, president of Physicians for Social Responsibility, has been named 1982 Humanist of the Year by the Amherst-based American Humanist Association. Dr. Caldicott, a pediatrician who works full time for nuclear arms control, received the award on June 19 during the association's annual conference at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA. She was the 1981 Medical School commencement speaker.D Dr. Gerald Sufrin, professor and chairman of urology, has been elected to membership in the Endocrine Society, a leading organization in endocrinologic research.D Four faculty members at Children's Hospital have been promoted, according to Dr. Elliot Ellis, professor and chairman of pediatrics. They are: Drs. Edmund A. Egan, II, to professor of pediatrics, chief, division of neoantology; Norman S. Ellerstein, to associate professor of pediatrics, director of p edi a tric housestaff program; Robert C. Welliver, to associate professor of pediatrics, division of infectious disease; Robert L. Gingell, to clinical associate professor of pediatrics, division of cardiology.D 59 �People Drs. A.O. Vladutiu, professor of pathology and research associate professor of medicine, and L.S. Baitman co-authored a scientific article published in the American Journal of Clinical Pathology entitled, "M-components at the Application Point in Serum Protein Electropheresis.D More than 200 scientists and physicians from Europe, Asia, Africa, South America, the U.S. and Canada attended the seventh international conference on Defined Immunofluorescence, Immunoenzyme Studies and Related Labeling Techniques at the Niagara Falls Hilton and the International Convention Center in June. The conference is organized by U/B's departments of microbiology and periodontics and the International Service for Immunodermatology Laboratories. A dozen invited speakers from as many nations d.iscussed the latest in indirect and direct immunofluorescence, immunoelectromicroscopy and immunoenzyme testing- methods developed within the past twenty years to aid in diagnosing scores of illnesses, including the autoimmune disease.D Steve Kaminsky Steven G. Kaminsky, Senior Graduate Student in the Department of Pathology, won two awards at the National Student Research Forum held in April1982 at the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas. Steven was first place winner of the James W. McLaughlin Award in Infectious Diseases and Immunology and second place winner of the Mead Johnson Award (Graduate Student Category). The James W. McLaughlin Award was established at the University of Texas Medical Branch and recognizes the best paper in the fields of infectious diseases and immunology. The Mead Johnson Award is given for overall excellence in research. The paper was entitled "Genetic Defect of atural Killer Activity in SJL Mice: Role of the Thymus." The results of the study clearly demonstrate that there is a marked effect by the thymus in the regulation of the Natural Killer (NK) cell population in SJL mice and that this effect may indicate a new role for the thymus in immune regulation. The major professor and faculty sponsor was the late Dr. Gustavo Cudkowicz, Professor of Pathology and Microbiology.D 60 Dr. Gerald P. Murphy, research professor of urology and director of the National Prostatic Cancer Project with headquarters at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, has received confirmation of the American Cancer Society's approval and support for a Phase II efficacy study on interferon treatment for prostate cancer patients, beginning this summer at three centers in the United States. The limited study on 25 selected patients will be conducted at Roswell Park Memorial Institute under the direction of Dr. J. Edson Pontes, associate professor of urology and chief of urologic oncology; the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, under the direction of Dr. Stefan A. Loening, associate professor of urology; and the University of California Medical Center, San Diego, under the direction of Dr. Joseph D. Schmidt, head, division of urology. The studies will be coordinated through the National Prostatic Cancer Project ( PCP) headquarters staff. Dr. Murphy indicated that previous Phase I studies at Roswell Park Memorial Institute have provided the basis for this multiinstitutional study, which will be one of the first such multicenter undertakings against this important cancer.D Ten new faculty members have been appointed to Children's Hospital according to Dr. Elliot Ellis, professor and chairman of pediatrics. They are: Drs. Robert E. Cooke, A. Conger Goodyear professor of pediatrics, director of Rehabilitation Center; Charles E. Francemone, M'79, assistant professor of pediatrics, division of Ambulatory Pediatrics; Irene . Sills, assistant professor of pediatrics, division of endocrinology, director of Metabolic Disease Program; Ping-Cheung Lee, associate professor of pediatrics, division of gastroenterology/nutrition; Andrew M. Missett, assistant professor of pediatrics, division of Ambulatory Pediatrics; David T. Wong, assistant professor of pediatrics, division of infectious disease; Irene N. Burns, M'78, clinical instructor of pediatrics; Linda A. Cardone, M'79, clinical instructor of pediatrics; Kathleen N. Conboy, R.N., PNA, clinical instructor of pediatrics, division of allergy/clinical immunology; Madelaine D. Murad, clinical instructor of pediatrics.D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �People Dr. Om P. Bahl, professor and chairman of the department of Biological Sciences, received the Medical and Life Science Award of the National Council of Asian Indian Organizations in North America at its recent convention in Chicago. Dr. Bahl was honored for his work with a hormone he is using for detection of pregnancy and the diagnosis and management of some types of malignant tumors.D Two pediatrics faculty members, Drs. Stanley J. Szefler and Elliot F. Ellis, coauthored an article for the Journal of Allergy in Clinical Immunology. The title: "Steroidspecific and Anticonvulsant Interaction Aspects of Troleandomyucin in Steroid Therapy."D Dr. Ichiro Nakamura, assistant professor of pathology, is working on a project, "Lytic and Nonlytic Functions of Cytotoxis T Lymphocytes." It is funded by the Medical School Research Development Account.D Dr. John Gaeta, professor of pathology and associate professor of urology, presented "Clinical Correlations of Prostate Cancer Pathology" at the American Urological Association seminar on Prostate Cancer Management in Washington, D.C.D Dr. Sateesh Satchidanand, assistant professor of pathology, was a guest lecturer at Buffalo General Hospital Nursing School. His topic: "The Polyp Cancer Sequence."D Two faculty members received grants from the Arthritis Foundation of Western New York. Dr. Patrick B. Costello, assistant professor of medicine, received an $8,000 grant for a study of aspirin hydrolysis in human body fluids. Dr. Floyd Green, professor of medicine/microbiology, received $3,200 for the purchase of a computer.D The lOth anniversary of the Buffalo General Hospital Community Mental Health Center was celebrated in June. Dr. June Jackson Christmas, director of the behavioral sciences program at the School of Biomedical Education at the City College of New York, Was the featured speaker.D WINTER, 1982 The Classes of the 1920s Dr. Dante Morgana, M'21, an ophthamologist who has practiced in Lockport for 59 years, received the Canisius College President's Medal during the college's 116th commencement ceremony in May. Although Dr. Morgana is now semi-retired, he remains a member of the honorary staff at Lockport Memorial Hospital and does consulting and office work at his office in the Bewley Building, Lockport.D Dr. Marvin A. Block, M'25, professor of medicine (emeritus), received a special achievement award at the third annual conference of the New York Federation of Alcoholism Counselors held recently at Niagara University. Dr. Block was a pioneer in the fight against alcoholism and is recognized worldwide as an authority on the disease.D Dr. Joseph J. Pisa, M'26, retired in January, 1981. He lives at 664 Seventh St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14213. He continues to be active in several local professional organizations.D Dr. Bruno Schutkeker, M'28, received the Hyman L. Levin Award for "dedication to furtherance of mental health in the community" from the Mental Health Association of Erie County.D The Classes of the 1930s Dr. Thomas S. Bumbalo, M'31, professor emeritus, was re-elected president of the Board of Directors of Buffalo Hospice, Inc.D Dr. Benjamin E. Obletz, M'32, Emeritus professor of Orthopaedics, was honored by the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery for his 75th birthday and 50th anniversary graduation from the Medical School. He was also awarded a University Chair with the following inscription: "In grateful recognition of many years of dedicated service as a skilled clinician and outstanding educator."D Dr. John M. Constantine, M'34, has retired. He is living at 309 Grove St., Oneonta, N.Y. 13820.0 Dr. Carl L. Streicher, M'35, retired last year from his ophthalmology practice. He spends his time boating, playing golf, tennis, fishing and traveling. He lives at Lake Havasu City, Arizona 86403.0 61 �Dr. Willard G. Fischer, M'36, has been reelected president of the Foundation of the Deaconess Hospital, a division of Buffalo General.D Dr. Bernard S. Stell, M'36, presented a special program - "Beyond the Stereo Camera" at the PSA International Convention in New Orleans in August. He showed how to use one or two SLR cameras to make 3-D portraits, nature close-ups and stereomacrography shots. Part I described the use of non-stereo equipment for making those type of stereo views, Part II illustrating (with 2-D slides) the relationship between cameras and accessories, and Part III showed stereograms of the results of the described techniques. In the process a new term "Natural Vision Focus" was compared to "Selective Focus." The fact that Dr. Stell has 4 stars in pictorial and nature and 3 in stereo attests to his expertise in these subjects, and to the fact that both 3-D and 2-D photographers were abb to learn much from his presentation in New Orleans. Dr. Stell lives at 16029 Meadow Park Drive, Sun City, Arizona 85351.0 The Classes of the 1940s Dr. Burton L. Olmsted, M'41, was recently elected President of the New England Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons at the annual meeting in Laconia, New Hampshire. He is now living at 8 Rock Wall Lane, Cape Elizabeth, Maine 04107.0 Dr. Pasquale A. Greco, M'41, clinical associate professor of urology, has been reelected chairman of the board of directors of Blue Shield of Western New York.D After 15 years of active Pathology Practice in Lancaster, CA, Dr. Thomas R. Humphrey, M'43, is semi-retired. He is presently serving as a pathologist for a small rural district hospital in Lake Isabella, which is located in the foothills of the Sierra Madre Mountains near Bakersfield, CA and Sequoia National Park. Dr. Humphrey is a Diplomate, American Board of Pathology and lives at Rt. #1, Box 393-A, Lake Isabella, CA 93240.0 62 Dr. Thomas F. Frawley, M'44, gave the annual John H. Talbott Lecture in March at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. His topic: "Diabetes, ew Perspectives on an Old Disease." Dr. Frawley is president of the American College of Physicians. He is Emeritus Professor of Medicine at St. Louis University. After graduating from U/B Dr. Frawley took his residency in internal medicine at the Buffalo General Hospital. Following two years of Army service, Dr. Frawley returned as a Research Fellow in Medicine at the Buffalo General Hospital from 1947 through 1949 and then pursued further clinical and research training at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital. He then moved to Albany Medical College as head of the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and in 1959 was made Professor at that institution. In 1963, Dr. Frawley became Chairman of the Department of Internal Medicine at St. Louis University School of Medicine. In 1974, he left the post of Chairman but stayed with the University to head the Section of Endocrinology. During his distinguished teaching career, Dr. Frawley has won the Outstanding Teacher Award at both Albany and St. Louis. His research in the field of diabetes and hypoglycemia have been widely recognized, and he is a member of many prestigious societies including the Association of American Physicians.D Dr. Casimir F. Pietraszek, M'44, clinical professor of medicine, was elected to a threeyear term by Blue Cross of Western New York as a corporation member representing the Erie County Medical Center.D Dr. Herbert E. Joyce, M'45, acting director and clinical assistant professor of family medicine, is the project director for a $235,473 continuation grant from the Department of Health and Human Services. It is for the departments of family medicine at the Deaconess Division of Buffalo General Hospital and will run through August, 1983.0 Dr. John K. Quinlivan, M'45, clinical instructor in surgery, has been elected a member of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Eugene M. Marks, M'46, has been director of medicine and environmental health at the Remington Arms Co., Inc., Bridgeport, CT since 1968. He started his industrial-medical professional career in 1952 in Niagara Falls. He was honored in April when he was elected director of the American Occupational Medical Association's 67th annual conference in Toronto. After his internship and residency at the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital, he served in the United States Army Medical Corps in Korea and Japan (1948-51). Dr. Marks is a Fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine and the American Academy of Occupational Medicine. He lives at 22 Grand Place, Newtown, CT 06470.0 Dr. Louis Hertz, M'47, is in family practice and his new address is P.O. Box 130, Loomis, CA 95650.0 Dr. Paul C. Weinberg, M'48, is in the Departments of Family Medicine and Psychiatry at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. The professor has written several book chapters dealing with human sexuality. Dr. Weinberg resides at 8007 Oak Star, San Antonio, TX 78229.0 The Classes of the 1950s The 1981 Blue Shield Tribute is dedicated to Dr. George E. Taylor, M'50 , of Cuba, N.Y. He is the immediate past president of the 8th District Branch Medical Society and a past president of the Medical Society of the County of Allegany.D Dr. Ronald F. Garvey, M'53, has been elected the first president of the Parkland Surgical Society. Dr. Garvey is a clinical professor of surgery at Southwestern Medical School and serves as chief of surgery at St. Paul Hospital in Dallas, Texas, where he is in private practice.D Dr. Edward W. Hohensee, M'54, clinical associate professor of ophthalmology, has been appointed to a five-year term on the medical advisory board of the New York State Commission for the Blind and Visually Handicapped.D WI TER, 1982 Drs. Shram, Pe te rson Dr. S. Paul Shrum, M'54, and John Peterson, M'55, are working here at Armed Forces Hospital , Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Dr. Shrum is in Emergency Medicine. Dr. Peterson is chief of the department of obstetrics/gynecology. The photo shows a moment of relaxation at a local art display. Both are serving under contract to the government of Saudi Arabia to provide medical services to Royal Saudi Air Force personnel and their dependents. The hospital is a newly established American managed 150-bed general hospital. It is part of the newly developing system of health care being developed in Saudi Arabia.D Dr . James R. Nunn, M'55, clinical professor of family medicine, has been reelected to the board of directors of Blue Shield of Western New York.D Dr. David Benjamin Asher, M'56, is a clinical associate professor of Nephrology at the University of Arizona School of Medicine. He is past president of the Arizona State American Medical Association and a Fellow, American College of Physicians. Dr. Asher 63 �was recently elected president of the Arizona State Board of Medical Examiners and is currently on the National Board of Trustees of the United Synagogues of America. He resides at 5635 E. 7th Street, Tuscan, AZ 85711.0 Dr. Marvin . . Eisenberg, M'57, is President of the Medical Society, County of Orange. The radiologist resides at 36 Randall Heights, Middletown, NY 10940.0 Dr. Sol Messinger, M'57, is the new president of the Western New York Society of Pathologists. He is a clinical assistant professor of pathology at the Medical School.D Dr. Williams Dr. James S. Williams, M'58, is the new chairman of the surgery department at the Millard Fillmore Hospital. He comes from Rochester, N.Y. area where he served as chief of surgery at the Joseph C. Wilson Health Center, attending surgeon at Strong Memorial Medical Center and Rochester General Hospital and surgical consultant at the Willard Psychiatric Center.O Dr. Julius V. Rasinski, Jr., M'59, is in his 17th year as team physician for the California Angels baseball team. He was appointed to the President's Council for Physical Fitness. He lives at 1500 Katella St., Orange, CA 92667.0 The Classes of the 1960s Dr. Theodore Bistany, M'60, of the Buffalo Yacht Club won the PERF A Class race for the biggest boats at the Niagara Frontier Invitational Regatta. Most of the PERF A boats are 30-feet or longer. On the second day of racing Dr. Bistany took second in his Tartan 41. He is a clinical assistant professor of medicine.D Dr. Andre Lascari, M'60, has been appointed chairman and professor of the department of pediatrics at the Medical College of Pennsylvania (formerly Women's Medical College) in Philadelphia. His new home address is 213 Gypsy Road, Gulph Mills, PA.D 64 Dr. John I. Lauria, M'60, assistant professor and chairman of anesthesiology, has been appointed to a five-year term on the State Board for Medicine by the New York State Board of Regents.O Dr. Michael Cohen, M'61, associate professor of pediatrics and neurology, was recently elected to the American Neurological Association.D Dr. Howard M. Hochberg, M'61, is vice president, Monitoring Product Divisions at Squibb Medical Systems, Inc. His address is Squibb Medical Systems Group, 13208 Northrup Way, Bellevue, WA 98005.0 Dr. Roberta M. Gilbert, M'62, gave two presentations at the National Conference on Breast Cancer in New Orleans last spring. They dealt with the Psychosocial Aspects of Breast Cancer Treatment and Follow-up. Dr. Gilbert's office is at 8901 W. 74th Street, Shawnee Mission, KS 66204.0 Dr. Arthur C. Klein, M'62, is on the faculty of the University of Southern California. He is a anesthesiologist, and is active in many local and regional professional societies. His address is 1938 N. Hobart Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027.0 Dr. Elizabeth G. Serrage, M'64, of Cape Elizabeth, Maine, is president-elect of the Maine Society of Eye Physicians and Surgeons. Her private practice is in Portland.O Dr. Lillian Vitanza Ney, M'64, of Jamestown, N.Y. has been elected to Fellowship in the American College of Cardiology. Dr. Ney is a graduate of Wells College, Aurora, .Y. She is currently director of cardiology at Woman's Christian Association Hospital in Jamestown, NY.O Dr. Gary H. Jeffery, M'65, is presidentelect and treasurer of the Buffalo Ophthalmological Society.O Dr. H. Elliott Larson, M'65, is on the scientific staff of the U.K. Medical Research Council, London, England. He was named a Fellow, THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Royal College of Physicians in 1981. He has been active in infectious disease research and has co-authored several scientific papers. In The Lancet - "Impairment of Human Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Function by Influenza Virus" (1976); Pseudomembranous Colitis: Presence of Clostridial Toxin" (1977); "Clostridi urn Difficile and the Etiology of Pseudomembranous Colitis" (1978) . In the British Medical Journal- "Undescribed Toxin in Pseudomembranous Coli tis" (1977); British Journal of EXP, Pathology- "Influenza Viruses and Staphylococci in Vitro: Some Interactions with Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes & Epithelial Cells" (1977); Br. F. Dis. Chest - "Impaired Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Chemotaxis After Influenza Virus Infection" (1980) ; Journal of Medical Virology - "Isolation of Rhinoviruses & Coronaviruses from 38 Colds in Adults" (1980); Journal of Infectious Diseases - "Epidemiology of Experimental Enterocecitis Due to Clostridium Difficile" (1980) . Dr. Larson lives at 52 Cleveland Road, London, W. 13 Ave., England.D Dr. Douglas Klatch, M'71, has been named director of the department of otolaryngology at the Erie County Medical Center. He has been assistant director of otolaryngology since July 1980. The assistant professor of otolaryngology, completed graduate training in surgery at Long Island's North Shore Hospital and the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital followed by a head and neck oncology fellowship at U/ B and a maxillofacial trauma fellowship in Basel, Switzerland. He served in the U.S. Army.D Dr. Robert M. Barone, M'66, is an associate clinical professor of surgery at the University of California at San Diego. In February, the FDA approved the Infusoid Implantable Pump. In May, he left the San Diego Tumor Institute to start a new practice of Oncology in San Diego with two surgical oncologists and a medical oncologist. Dr. Barone lives at 7813 Via Capri, LaJolla, CA 92037.0 Dr. Steven J. Morris, M'73, will be elected to Fellowship in the American College of Physicians in April, 1983 during the Convocation ceremony at the College's Annual Session in San Francisco. Dr. Morris is a specialist in gastroenterology and is on the staff of the Crawford W. Long Hospital, Piedmont Hospital. He has been a resident of Atlanta for three years.D Dr. John E. Spoor, M'66, was elected Chairman, New York State Emergency Medical Services Council for 1982. He was also elected Chairman of Emergency Medicine of the Medical Society of New York State for 198283. He resides at RD #1, Box 157, Laurens, NY 13796.0 Dr. Michael A. Sansone, M'73 has been elected secretary of the Buffalo Ophthalmological Society.D Dr. Robert A. Milch, M'68, clinical instructor in surgery, was re-elected vice president of Buffalo Hospice, Inc. He was also reelected president of the National Association of Hospice Physicians.D Dr. Wilbur L. Smith, M'69, was promoted to professor of radiology and pediatrics in July at the University of Iowa. He is living at 2271 Coe Drive, Iowa City, IA.D WI TER, 1982 The Classes of the 1970s Dr. Thomas V. Krulisky, M'70, is an assistant clinical professor at the University of Southern California. He has recently been appointed the Medical Director of Edgemont Hospital in Los Angeles. Dr. Krulisky resides at 250 Oakhurst Lane , Arcadia, CA 91506.0 Dr. Irene A. Burns, M'74, is in private practice of pediatrics and adolescent medicine in Batavia. She is affiliated with Genesee Memorial Hospital and St. Jerome's Hospital in Batavia, and Children's Hospital of Buffalo. She lives at 222 West Main Street, Batavia, NY.D Dr. Norbert Szymula, M'74, clinical associate professor of otolaryngology , presented a paper - "Human Mycotic Infections" at the 42nd annual meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngologic Allergy in New Orleans in October.D 65 I D r. Klatch �Dr. Stephen W. Sadow, M'75, is a Diplomate, American Board of Surgery. He completed a Fellowship in peripheral vascular surgery at Beth Israel Hospital, ewark, .J. r~cently. He lives at 78 Locust Avenue, Millburn, NY 07041.0 Dr. Michael Robert Bye, M'76, is an assistant professor in pediatrics at Temple University. His address is 135 Cynwyd Road, Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004.0 Dr. Walwin D. Metzger, M'76, an internist, has moved to Florida from Ohio. He is living at 7909 Apt. C, Landmark South, Tampa, FL 33615.0 Golden Buffalo Award Drs. Alan I. Leibowitz, (SUNY at Buffalo 1970) and John F. Breen (Georgetown 1969) both former faculty members and house officers at the State University of New York at Buffalo presented the Golden Buffalo Award to a graduating student at the University of South Florida College of Medicine (Tampa). Dan Riggs (Class of 1981). Karen L. Mahakian (Class of 1982). Drs. Leibowitz and Breen are currently faculty members at the University of South Florida College of Medicine and created the award to honor their teachers during their "Golden" years at Buffalo. The award is made for competency, humanity and humility in medicine. It will be presented yearly to a deserving graduate who is nominated by his or her class, then selected by Drs. Leibowitz and Breen. The award hangs in the Health Sciences Library at USF. A cash award is also given. Other Buffalo alumnae are encouraged to create such an award at their current institution and contact Dr. Leibowitz in Tampa.D Drs. Leibowitz, Riggs, Breen. 66 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Dr. Joseph Misiti, M'76, clinical assistant instructor in surgery, has been appointed to the associate staff of Lockport Memorial Hospital with privileges in vascular and general surgery. He has been a trauma Fellow at the Erie County Medical Center, where he also took his internship and residency. Dr. Misiti lives at 231 Transit Road, Lockport, NY.D Dr. Kevin Greenidge , M'77, was invited to give a paper and course at the 1982 American Academy of Ophthalmology annual meeting in San Francisco in November . The course outlined the correct protocol for argon laser trabeculoplasty, argon laser iridotomy, and argon laser treatment of the iris to enlarge the pupil , and to deepen the chamber angle. The paper's title: "The Effect of Agron Laser Trabeculoplasty on the Glaucomatous Diurnal Curve ." Dr. Greenidge is associated with the Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia.D Dr. Kenneth L. Glick, M'78, is instructor in medicine , Johns Hopkins and medical director of Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Home Care-Hospice Program. During his internship he received the Howard K. Rathbun Award for clinical excellence. From July, 1981 to June, 1982 Dr. Glick was chief medical resident at Baltimore City Hospitals. He has joined a group of internists in Owings Mills, a Baltimore suburb. The Glick's have two girls, Dana, born in June , 1979, and Jorie , born in April , 1982. Mrs. Glick (Sandy] is teaching at Villa Julie College. They live at 2202 Oxeye Road, Baltimore, MD 21209.0 Dr. Alan Kuritzky, M'77 , is a clinical instructor at the Medical School. The nephrologist is associated with Drs. Robert Schultz, M'65, and Theodore Herman, both clinical assistant professors of medicine.D Dr . Daniel P. Rollo, M'78, finished ob/gyn residency at Hershey Medical Center and is now in private group practice. He resides at 118 Garden Avenue , Myerstown, PA 17067.0 WI TER , 1982 Dr. Jeffrey Steier, M'78, has completed training in neurology at the Mayo Graduate School of Medicine.D Dr. Donald Armenia , M'79, is affiliated with Buffalo Mercy Hospital and the Erie County Medical Center. He recently opened an ophthalmology practice in West Seneca, NY with Dr. Michael Sansone , M'73.0 Dr. Ramon J. Pabalan, M'79, has completed three years of family medicine residency at the University of Cincinnati. He is now in emergency medicine residency at the University Hospital in Jacksonville, FL. He is living at 7201 Arlington Expressway, #102, Jacksonville , FL 32211.0 Dr. Bruce D. Rodgers, M'79 , a chief resident in obstetrics and gynecology at U/B was awarded the Russell J. Van Coevering Sr. Award for excellence in wholistic health care . The award was instituted in memory of the late Dr. Russell J. Van Coevering Sr. by his family. It is awarded to the physician in the ob/ gyn residency program who shows an outstanding sense of compassion, understanding, and empathy for the patient. Dr. Rodgers graduated Summa Cum Laude in 1975 from Manhattan College, and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He is a member of the James A. Gibson Anatomical Honor Society, and Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society. The award was presented to Dr. Rodgers in June at Buffalo Children's Hospital. He is a clinical assistant instructor at the Medical School.D Dr. Douglas A. Waldo , M'79 , has completed his residency at Boston City Hospital in internal medicine. He has entered active duty with the United States Air Force to repay his scholarship . He is an internist and chief of clinical medicine at Malmstrohm AFB . He is living at 2018-5th Avenue N, Great Falls, MT 59401.0 The Classes of the 1980s Dr. Thomas J. Dougherty, M'80 , of the radiation medicine department at Roswell Park Memorial Institute , received a $69 ,345 grant from the National Cancer Institute for studies involving intraoperative photoradiation therapy.D 67 �In Memoriam Dr. Leon Yochelson, M'42, died of cardiac arrest June 22 at George Washington University Hospital. His age was 64. He was chairman of the Psychiatric Institute of Washington and former chairman of the psychiatric department at George Washington University. An authority on the relationship between law and psychiatry, Dr. Yochelson was a former co-chairman of the university's Institute of Law, Psychiatry and Criminology. In addition to teaching and wrjting on the law and psychiatry, he often was called as an expert witness in trials where testimony on forensic psychiatry was needed. He joined the medical faculty at GWU as an assistant clinical professor in 1949 and held the rank of professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at his death. He also had taught at Catholic University, Howard University, the University of Oklahoma and elsewhere. He was a training and supervisory analyst at the Washington Psychoanalytic Institute for many years. In addition to serving as chairman of the Psychiatric Institute of Washington, he was chairman of the Psychiatric Institute Foundation, its research and education arm. He was chairman of the Psychiatric Institutes of America. As a private physician, Dr. Yochelson had maintained a practice in psychiatry here since 1948. At his death, he was chairman of Professional Associates, a group practice. After an internship at St.Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, he served in the Army in the Pacific and Australian theaters during World War II. After the war he returned and graduated from the Washington School of Psychiatry and the Washington Psychoanalytic Institute. He was a staff physician at George Washington University Hospital, Sibley Memorial Hospital, the Children's Hospital National Medical Center and the Psychiatric Institute of Washington. Dr. Yochelson was an examiner of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, a charter member of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, a Fellow of the American College of Psychiatrists, and a member of numerous other professional organizations.O 68 Dr. Howard E. Rogers, a retired surgeon who practiced 45 years in Buffalo, died of a heart attack July 28 at Lakeland Regional Medical Center in Lakeland, Florida. He graduated from the Medical School in 1925, and interned at Sisters of Charity Hospital and the former St. Mary's Hospital. Dr. Rogers worked as an attending surgeon at Sisters and Millard Fillmore Hospitals and had a private practice until he retired in 1970 and moved to Sebring, Florida.O Dr. Marvin H. Milch, M'32, died August 28 in Millard Fillmore Suburban Hospital after a long illness. The 75-year-old ophthalmologist was in private practice 43 years before his retirement in 1975. He had been active in several local, regional and national professional societies.O Dr. Howard B. Lawrence, M'35, died in Tucson, Arizona February 12 after a long illness.D Dr. Frank A. Trippe, M'16, died November 26, 1981 at the age of 91. He lived in Erie, PA.D Dr. Gordon H. Burgess, 46, a retired dermatologist, died July 17 at Millard Fillmore Hospital. While active in his profession, he was a clinician with the dermatology department at Roswell Park Memorial Institute and an assistant clinical professor of dermatology at the Medical School. He earned his bachelor's degree in geology from U/B in 1957 and graduated from the School of Medicine in 1963. During the Vietnam War, he served as a Captain in the Medical Corps at Fort Sam Houston, Texas and Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. He was a contributor to numerous scientific journals and medical textbooks and an active member of several professional societies. Dr. Burgess was a Diplomate on the American Board of Dermatology, and a member of the Geological Society of America and the Canadian Geological Society.O THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �A Message from Robert A. Baumler, M.D. '52 President, Medical Alumni Association The annual Spring Clinical Day - May 7, 1983 - is being planned now and we expect it to be clinical and practical while incorporating the more recent developments on the 'Doctor's Disease' - coronary artery disease. It should prove of great interest and utility to all Buffalo physicians as well as alumni. The U/B Medical School classes of '73, '68, '63, '58, '53, '48, '43, '38, '33 and '28 will be celebrating their quinquennial reunions but all alumni will want to come back, meet their classmates, and see what's going on at the school. Spring Clinical Day is again being held at the new Marriott Inn across from the Amherst Campus with scientific exhibits, the morning cardiology program and the afternoon Stockton Kimball speaker. Mark the date on your calendar now and be sure to come.D Robert A. Baumler, M.D. '52 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- IIIIII BUSINESS REPLY CARD FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 POST AGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 BUFFAlO, N.Y. NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAilED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET, BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 20 32234 lllD 44 DR. ROBERT L. BROWN 1 56 t; R HI o'o K A 6 FFALO '( 1422b THE HAPPY MEDIUM Fill out this card; spread some happiness; spread some news; no postage needed. [Please print or type all entries.) 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, Winter 1982 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine -- Periodicals Medical colleges -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-Winter Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Relation A related resource MicFilm LD701 .B42 M5 no.268-271, Buffalo physician and biomedical scientist Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008_1982-v16n04-Winter Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Dean Naughton's Message Spring Clinical Day 9 Classes Give $45,000 Boys Will Be Boys by O.P. Jones, Ph.D., M.D., Distinguished Professor Emeritus Barbados Seminar Graduates with Medical School Appointments Dr. Cooke Erie County Sailing/Faculty Serves Faculty Honored Athletic Day Summer Head Start Physicians Honored/MECO Research Exhibit Summer Fellowships Follies Nutrition Dr. Gresham Alumni Officers People The Classes In Memoriam Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-02 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v16n04 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 72 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. 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For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7b2ab21373177855aa8706a469149613.pdf d15184ea85f02c63e7972237ace119b1 PDF Text Text School of Medicine State University of New York at Buffalo Volume 16 Number 3 Fall 1982 The Buffalo Physician �Dean Naughton From the desk of John aughton, M.D. Dean, School of Medicine Dear Alumni and Alumnae: The School of Medicine initiated its academic year on August 16. 1982. I am pleased to report that the Admissions Committee has selected another very promising class of future physicians. Its composition and characteristics are comparable in many respects to those of the previous classes selected. The general f ea tu res in­ clude a composition of 84 men and 51 women, 57 percent of whom are from the overall Western ew York region, and 16 percent of whom are classified as under-represented minorities or educationally disadvantaged students. Seventy-five tudents came from twenty different universities and colleges within SUNY - Buffalo, Cornell, Canisius and Columbia having the major representation. The overall academic preparation of the class is strong. Two students were admitted to the 1.D.-Ph.D. program bringing the number enrolled in this program to three. We anticipate admitting four a year be inning in the 1983-84 academic vear. On October 9 and 10 the School of edicine will host its se~ond annual Parents Week-end. At that time, the facul­ ty, staff and I look forward to meeting many of the parent of the entering class as well as parents of the third year class. The new class will be the last selected under the leadership of Dr. Harry Metcalf. Harrv did an excellent job over the last five years. The directorship ~f the Admissions Office and Chair­ manship of the Admissions Committee has been a sumed by Or. Thomas Guttuso, a Buffalo alumnus and an Ophthalmologi t. Tom has served the committee and the school well in the past. I look forward to his contributions and leadership in the years to come.a �Fall 1982 Volume 16, Number 3 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (USPS 551-860) Published by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo EDITORIAL BOARD Editor ROBERT 5. MCCRA AHA 2 Dean, School of Medicine OR. JOHN AUGHTO Photography U HUGOH. EDWARD GER OWAK Visual Designers WATKI 6 13 14 15 RICHARD MACAKANJA OONALDE. 3 4 5 Associate Editor TERI ROBERTS 16 23 24 26 27 CO SULTA TS President, Medical Alumni Association DR. ROBERT A BAUMLER 28 30 Vice, President, !=acuity of Health Sciences DR.F.CARTERPA ILL President, University Foundation JOH M. CARTER Director of Public Affairs HARRY JACKSO 37 38 42 43 44 Teaching Hospitals 51 The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veteran Administration Medical Center 56 I THIS ISSUE Dean aughton's Message (inside front cover) Commencement Iris Dedication Students Honored "Beyond Medical School," by Or. DeWitt Stetten Angioplasty Chronobiology by Dr. William J.M. Hrushesky Calcium Blockers "Bioethics in Ob/Gyn" by Dr. Myron Gordon Alumni Honored Halloween Party Stress Conference Alumni Tours Reception for Seniors The Progress and development of the Buffalo Medical School Library, 1846-1981 by F.X. Roberts Heart Muscle Surgery/Cancer Seminars Dues Paying Alumni, 1982 Continuing Education/Orthopaedic Scientific Day MEGO/Career Opportunities/Cancer Programs People The Classes In Memoriam Dr. Robert Baumler's Message (inside back cover) The cover by Barbara Evans depicts specialization that was alluded to by the commencement speaker page 6. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA , (USPS 551-860). Fall, 1982 - Volume 16, umber 3 publi hed quarterly Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter - by the School of Medicine, State University of ew York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, ew York 14214. Second cla s postage paid at Buffalo, ew York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA , 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo. ew York 14214. Copyright 1982 by The Buffalo Physician. FALL, 1982 1 �George Rafferty and colleagues. 136thAnnual Commencement In his welcome to the graduates and their families Dean John aughton praised the class for their excellency academically, socially and for their role in university/community life. "Everyone of you did very well in the national matching. We are happy that 52 of you are staying in Buffalo for your residency." Dr. aughton noted that the first medical class had 17 graduates in 1847. "Today we are awarding 142 (92 men, 50 women] Doctor of Medicine degrees, and 24 Doctor of Philosophy degrees. The first class spent 90.00 a year for their medical educa­ tion, plus $3.00 a week for living allowance." Dean aughton introduced several dignitaries including President Steven 8. Sample, who conferred the degrees. For the second consecutive year a brass band replaced the organist and the reception was at the Buffalo Convention Center. Also the class selected an outside commencement speaker, Dr. DeWitt Stetten Jr., senior scientific advisor, ational Institutes of Health. Dr. Leonard Katz, associate dean led the graduates in the Charge of Maimonides and Dean aughton administered the Oath of Hippocrates. Doing the hooding was Drs. Elliot F. Ellis, Diane Jacobs and James P. olan. Dr. John Richert, assistant dean, presided over the signing of the Book of Physicians. 2 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �.. When Dr. John Wright returned to the University of Buffalo from Johns Hopkins to become Chairman of the Department of Pathology, he found the department's sophomore course was not popular. Many students felt it was disorganized and believed that its emphasis was not directed at preparation for clinical work. Dr. Wright has been so successful in changing Pathology 600 that it is difficult to imagine starting the third year without his teaching. Dr. Wright saw his course, not primarily as the transmission of facts, but as an opportunity to form models of disease processes. In so doing, he shifted the emphasis away from strict morphology and towards pathophysiology, thereby allowing students lo integrate the mass of preclinical facts into meaningful clinical concept . Dr. Wright's usefulness, however, did not end there; the very depth with which he understood disease lead him to integrate into the course some of the ethical issues surrounding its treatment. Thus, Wright, the pathologist, emerged as an intellectual and ethical role model for the clinical doctor. Certainly, this commitment to teaching and familiarity with patient care has its roots in Dr. Wright's training. After completing medical school, a rotating internship and a year of medicine in Winnipeg, he felt restricted by the pressure to specialize and saw in pathology a means to remain a generalist without sacrificing depth. He came to Buffalo in 1963 to complete his study of pathology and, on finishing a fellowship, accepted a position on the Johns Hopkins faculty, which he held for seven years. He miss­ ed the direct contact with patients his choice of pathology denied him, but soon discovered that his affection for people could find expression in teaching. Buffalo won him back in 1974 with its fine pathology faculty, good residents and the dual challenge of reorganizing the sophomore course and the department in general. Our exposure to Dr. Wright has shown us that a doctor can be deep without being egocentric, can teach without being in­ timidating and can lead without being dictatorial. Certainly, we are better off for having met Dr. Wright, for he fulfilled a critically important role in our medical education, pro iding outstanding in­ tellectual and professional leadership at a time we most needed it, and for that he has earned our lasting gratitude and with it this dedication. Stephen /. Donovan for The Class of 1982 For Dr. Wright this was the second yearbook dedicated to him. The 1977 class also honored him with the Iris dedication. In his response professor Wright noted that it was nice to be remembered. "My major contact with you folks was early in your education." He also shared something very personal with the students and his colleagues. "I am an identical twin. My brother lives 1500 miles from here and is an engineer. Three years ago I received a call from a physician telling me that my twin brother was a patient of his. He was seriously ill. After many tests, delays and com­ plications it was revealed that he had Hodgkins Disease. It was almost like having the disease myself. I relate this to you because what I went through you will soon encounter. You will be emersed in human suffering and pain. This will be a devastating stres for you. De-personalization is one way to shake off stress. I know you FALL, 1982 3 Ann Curry, Ors. Pann,/1, Steven Sample. · Iris Dedication to Dr. John Wright Dr. Norman Chassin d- �Daniel J. Boorstin, a Pulit­ zer Prize-winning historian and 12th Librarian of Congress spoke at the 136th general uni­ versity commencement. Pre­ sident Steven B. Sample con­ ferred degrees on most of the 4,647 graduates at the Buffalo Convention Center. The 1982 graduate count includes 321 doctoral candidates, 1,267 can­ didates for the master's de­ gree, and 3,086 bachelor's degrees. President Sample presented attorney Howard T. Saperston Sr., with the Chancellor's Medal, the highest award the university can bestow for ex­ ceptional contributions to the community. □ Andrew Hordes, Ors. Stellen, Sample. will chose an alternate approach - improve the system. get in­ volved with your patients; don't withdraw from them." In conclusion, Dr. Wright said, "I know you will be a credit to your school, your teachers, your patients and most importantly to yourselves. "O Dr. Wright 23 Students Honored Twenty-three medical students won special awards. Or. Kamal Tourbaf, clinical professor and chairman of the awards committee, presented the awards at commencement. William E. Schu, Daniel E. Ford, Robert . Stern each won two awards. The awards and honors: Thesis Honors - Jeff Bilotta, Michael A. Cesar, Joan 0. Cho, Steven I. Goldstein, Stephen M. Hershowitz, Andrew R. Hordes, David I. Kurss. Baccelli Award - (academic excellence in the clinical years] - Peter J. Sofia. Gilbert . Beck Memorial Prize in Psychiatry (academic ex­ cellence] - George A. Rafferty. Buffalo Surgical Society Prize in Surgery (academic ex­ cellence - junior, senior years) - William E. Schu. II. Children's Hospital Prize (excellence in understanding dis­ ease in childhood] - Susan J. Gallagher. Dean's Award (participation in extra-curricular activitie in the medical school while maintaining a high standard of academic excellence) - Stephen B. Pollack. 4 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIAN �Gordon S. Ehrlich Memorial Award (to the graduating student who has best demonstrated an interest in and knowledge of pediatric pulmonary disease) - Paul . Rosenberg. Bernhardt & Sophie 8. Gottlieb Award (expertise in areas out­ side of medicine) - William E. Schu, II. orman Haber Memorial Award (proficiency in Otolaryngology) - Jonathan B. Warach. Dr. Heinrich Leonhardt Prize in Surgery (academic ex­ cellence) - Elizabeth Paroski-Barlog. Lieberman Award (interest, aptitude in the study of Anesthesiology) - Michael A. Cesar. Hans J. Lowenstein Award in Obstetrics (academic ex­ cellence) - Daniel E. Ford. Maimonides Medical Society Award [proficiency in the basic sciences) - Marcia A. McAvoy. Medical Alumni Association Award (community commitment) - John S. Santelli. David K. Miller Prize in Medicine (demonstration of Dr. Miller's approach to caring for the sick - competence, humility, humanity) - Daniel E. Ford. Mark A. Petrino Award (demonstrated interest and aptitude for the general practice of medicine) - Cathereine L. Bilodeau. Clyde L. Randall Society Award in Gynecology-Obstetrics (academic excellence) ancy Gail Belleisle Murphy. Emilie David Rodenberg Memorial Award (academic ex­ cellence in study of diabetes, its complications) - Robert M. Stern. Philip P. Sang Memorial Award (ability to relate well to patients, faculty and staff) - Arlene R. Curry, Gail A. Greendale. Morris & Sadie Stein euroanatomy Award (excellence in neuroanatomy) - Robert M. Stern. Upjohn Award (research ability) - Jeff Bilotta. John Watson Award in Medicine [enthusiasm for and commit­ ment to scholarship in medicine) - Ralph Mastrangelo. Frederick B. Wilkes Pediatric Award (to the graduating stu­ dent entering a career in Pediatrics who has best exemplified Dr. Wilkes' skills and dedication to patients) - Warren W. Wasiewski. HO OR MEDICAL SOCIETY Kevin J. Barlog, Jeff Bilotta, Elliot K. Chartash, Robert P. Dudek, Daniel E. Ford, Richard V. Homan, Marcia A. McAvoy, ancy G.B. Murphy, Steven J. ierenberg, Jessica C. Rockwell, William E. Schu, Peter J. Sofia, Robert M. Stern, Warren W. Wasiewski, Richard A. Wolf, Gerald . Yacobucci.O Drs. Alexander Brownie, Mary Voorhess. Catherine Bilodeau, Dean Naughton. DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY John A. Anstrom, Roger Alan Daley, Dale Roth Fish, Jeffrey David Green, Bonnie Lee Hylander (Anatomy); Gordon Hunter Downie (Pathology); John H. Eldridge, Susan A. Krasny, Karen A. Olson, Christopher J. Papasian, Tzi-Kang Peng (Microbiology}; Rodney Ferguson, Finn Hansen, arender Kalyan, Thomas Koroscil, Gabriel Lando, Vera da Silva, Stephen Walsh (Biochemistry); Claire Marie Fraser, Richard Francis Hart (Phar­ macology); Henry Manuel, Harold B. Pinkofsky (Biophysical Sciences); John A. Sterba, Richard A. Stockton {Physiology) .0 FALL, 1982 5 d- �"BEYO D MEDICAL SCHOOL" by DeWitt Stetten, Jr., M.D., Ph.D. Senior Scientific Advisor, IH Commencement Address students: Michael Cesar. /onolhon Woroch, Poul Rosenberg. //onor THE OPE I G sentence of Hippocrates' Aphorisms has been translated, "Life is short and the art long, the occasion fleeting, ex­ perience fallatious, and judgement difficult." The difficulty of judgement is revealed by an anecdote attributed to a former Dean of Harvard edical School, David Edsall. It is reputed that during a commencement ceremony he congratulated the members of the graduating class upon the vast amount of information which they had acquired in the preceding four years. He warned them, however, that approximately 50% of what they had just learned would be proven wrong during their professional lifetimes. "My problem," he added, "is that I cannot, at this time, tell you which 50% is right and which 50% is wrong. I believe that Edsall's proposition of half-century ago is certainly still true. The final judgements as to the accuracy of what you have here learned will be left to you and will be determined by the nature of your con­ tinuing education. The problem may be viewed in another fashion. Some years ago, the Yale historian of science, Derek DeSolla Price, studied the nature of the annual growth in size of the literature of each of several sciences. It is my recollection that he ascertained that the growth of the medical literature was presently in an exponential phase and exhibited a doubling time of approximately ten years. Clearly there is a fraction of the medical literature which is non­ sense. But if we assume that this fraction remains sensibly con­ stant over the years, we can then conclude that the fraction of medical literature worth noting is constant and that the growth of medical knowledge parallels the growth of medical literature, doubling each decade. Stated in more familiar terms, this means that assuming your faculty here has taught you everything which is known about medicine in 1982, if you fail to add to this reservoir of knowledge in the years ahead you will, after 10 years, be ap­ proximately half-educated - after 20 years one-quarter educated 6 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �- after 30 years one-eighth educated - and after 40 years, as your professional careers approach conclusion, your knowledge of medicine will encompass only one-sixteenth of what will then be known. This projection, in my opinion, argues forcibly for the ab­ solute requirement that the education of the physician must con­ tinue throughout his professional career, and one of your obligations in the years ahead will be to determine the channels of continuing education which are best suited to your needs. I hope by this time that you have all acquired the habit of con­ sulting the current medical literature and that many of you have initiated subscriptions to some of the more important medical journals. This habit, once established, will persist throughout your lifetimes. You will, I hope, purchase new texts and new editions of old texts in your selected fields of activity and consult these fre­ quently. You will, in most cases, secure residency training over the years ahead, taking advantage of this elegant pedagogic device which achieves that desired goal - total immersion of the can­ didate into a structured educational and training program. Over ensuing years some of you may find opportunity for brief re­ juvenating residency experiences. Others will take the various short courses in one or another area of medicine which are being offered either by medical societies or by academic medical centers. Some of you may establish permanent ties with such centers and in this way affiliate permanently with one of the in­ stitutions which is generating, scrutinizing and disseminating new medical knowledge. In my observations, this is perhaps the most effective way by which a physician can keep current with his field. The grand rounds, the combined clinics, and the lunches in the doctor's dining rooms all are part of such an association. Bear in mind that the process of growth of knowledge is a continuous one and any serious lapse in the continuing process will be overcome only with the outlay of much effort. I have long felt that the process of educational maturation is, in fact, a transfer of the major responsibility from the teacher to the student. Up to the present in each of your careers what you have learned and whether you have learned has been deter­ mined in large part by the exertions of your faculty who have browbeaten you with grades and rewarded you with diplomas. From this point forward, however, to an ever increa ing degree, whether the process continues depends upon you the student. If you do not accept this responsibility, the investment which your medical school has made into each of your careers will have been forfeited. An entirely separate and distinct aspect of how to cope with the exuberant growth of knowledge is open to each of you. Every physician wishes to feel quite secure within the realm of his ac­ tivities. He wants to know that his diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are expert and current - both for his own gratification and that of his patient. He wants to be certain to provide the best available services and to avoid commission of mistakes, par­ ticularly if they might subsequently be construed as malpractice.· A popular defense against all of these problems is the determina­ tion to specialize. FALL, 1982 7 David Gol!segen, Dean aughlon. President Steven B. Sample outlined the priorities and goals of his administration during his "State of the University" address in April. His five goals: strengthened research, aggressive recruit­ ment of the best students in ew York State, im­ provements in the quality of student life, expanded com­ mitment to public service and revitalization of the Western ew York economy. Dr. Sample will be formally inaugurated as the 12th president of UIB on Sunday, October 10. □ d- �/\fork Chung. Specialization is not a new response to a burgeoning field of knowledge. Thus there was a happy time when a single automobile mechanic could be relied upon to perform all of the many func­ tions required to maintain and service an automobile. The same man would remove dents from fenders, regrind valves, repair the transmission and align the front wheels. Of ten he also sold gas­ oline and repaired tires. Today, at least in more densely settled areas, one rarely finds such diversely talented mechanics and the car owner must therefore locate a body specialist, a transmission specialist and a tire expert. Even more ancient than specialization among auto mechanics is specialization among performing musicians. The violinist is not expected to be competent on the flute and we should be surprised to find a percussionist who also plays the harp. As long as orchestra music contained no more than four voices, each performer could keep track of what was going on in other portions of the orchestra and the system worked pretty well. However, with the addition of woodwinds, brasses and per­ cussion instruments to the initial string ensemble, a new kind of musician had to be invented. This was the conductor. He was not required to be a virtuoso on any particular instrument, but necessarily was expected to have some familiarity with the per­ formance capabilities of all instruments. His role was that of the great synthesizer. He put the show together. The question may be raised, in view of the ever increasing number of medical and surgical specialities, whether there is need to develop yet another specialty - a medical conductor - who can interpret reports derived from each of the specialties and can syn­ thesize, for the patient, the best course of action. In my ex­ perience, physicians of this category and quality are today scarce. The majority of graduates of American medical schools expect to enter one or another specialty and the standard route of entry is through an approved residency training program followed, in many cases, by examination and certification. As a result, I believe, of the explosion in medical knowledge, new sub­ specialties continue to appear so that today we have, for example, surgeon-plastic surgeon, surgeon-thoracic surgeon, internist­ cardiologist, or internist-hematologist. I was startled to learn a few weeks ago that a distinguished internist of my acquaintance, who was specialized in endocrinology, felt himself unqualified to care for a patient with a myocardial infarct. There were, he felt, many minutiae in the care of a coronary accident with which he could not maintain familiarity. This, he told me, was the business of a cardiologist. Among the youngest of the specialties is, of course, family practice which is of ten taken to include those branches of medicine otherwise in the domain of the internist and the pediatri­ cian. This is certainly an important and fascinating domain to cover, but the coverage must necessarily be broad and therefore somewhat shallow. My limited contact with physicians of this category leads me to believe that much of their time is spent in the performance of two major activities. One of these is triage, which is the selection of the appropriate specialist to consider the needs of the patient. This function, it has long seemed to me, will sooner or later be effectively computerized and it is not difficult to visualize a program which will assign each patient to the appro8 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �priate specialist with relatively infrequent mistakes. Except in emergency situations, such mistakes should generally not be irretrievable. The second function of the generalist, the family physician, will be always the care of relatively minor illnesses. In some practices this latter activity is being assumed with increasing frequency by persons receiving considerably less formal educa­ tion than is needed for a doctoral degree. This is an area in which one or another type of Physician's Assistant can often perform ad­ mirably under the relatively remote surveillance of a physician. Furthermore, I have encountered a number of persons who, after a few years of family medical practice, return to an academic center to undertake a residency in one or another specialty. Various reasons for this change, of course, are given but mostly they seem to relate to the fact that the general practitioner works harder and often earns less than does his specialist colleagues. I suspect that a contributory reason is that the generalist sooner or later becomes overwhelmed by the vast amount of information which he must try to master if he is to assume responsibility for the care of patients suffering from widely diverse conditions. Rather than try to con­ sume the whole pie, it is ever so much easier to cut out a narrow slice. Undoubtedly, many of you will elect to specialize. You will become psychiatrists, gastroenterologists, orthopedists, or ophthalmologists and inevitably you will find your own specialities very engrossing. Many of you will cancel your sub­ scriptions to the more general journals since you will scarce! find the time to cover the journals dealing with your own specialty. Certainly, as you become progressively more and more specializ­ ed, you will be forced to reduce your attention to the patient as a whole - to his domestic and employment environments and to such problems that he may have which are outside the immediate domain of the organ system or the group of diseases which com­ prise your specialty. Over the past several years I have had the op­ portunity of observing, at a very personal level, how the process of specialization both serves the needs of the patient and simultaneously may fail to direct the patient to persons or agencies that might be of great assistance to him. In what follows I do not mean specifically to indict th~ profession of ophthalmology. I fully believe that analogous situations may be encountered in any specialty or subspecialty of medicine or surgery. My personal inclination, however, relates predominantly to diseases of the e e and loss of vision. Last summer I published a brief paper in the ew England Journal of Medicine in which I described some of the difficulties which I had encountered in the process of adjusting to my own blindness. As a result of this publication, I was deluged with letters and telephone calls - mostly coming from blind persons or their relatives seeking information as to how they might improve the quality of their lives. I have now heard from at least 500 per­ sons who have taken the trouble to share with me their problems, their frustrations, and such solutions as they have discovered. The accumulated information is, of course, anecdotal, but some of the anecdotes are, I think, revealing. Take, for instance, the case of a friend of mine - a man of approximately 70 years who has a mark­ ed intention tremor of both hands. The tremor is a coarse one and FALL, 1982 9 Dr. DeWitt Stetten Jr. Dr. Edward Corr Jr. d- �Harold Ginsberg. Dr. Leonard Katz can readily be seen from across the room. He developed a cataract which his ophthalmologist diagnosed and treated in a conven­ tional fashion. After removal of the cataract he prescribed a con­ tact lens for the aphakic eye, which completely frustrated my friend who was totally unable, because of his tremor, either to in­ sert or remove the lens. In this instance it would appear that the ophthalmologist had concentrated his attention upon the patient's eye to such an extent that he neglected to look at the patient. In this instance a complete physical examination of the patient was not required in order to forecast the inadequacy of the prescrib­ ed treatment. A mere inspection of the patient would have suf­ ficed. The ophthalmologist, however, failed to come out from behind his ophthalmoscope and look upon the patient's fundus but upon the patient. As medical students, I am sure you have been taught that the proper approach to a patient entails a more or less complete history and a more or less complete physical examination. I can recall a lecture of 50 years ago given by the late Dana Atchley at the College of Physicians and Surgeons to our second year class an introductory lecture to physical diagnosis. The lecture dealt with what one can learn about the patient during the three seconds which elapse between the time he enters your office and the time he is comfortably seated beside your desk. One notes the patient's hair, facies, skin color, eyes, lips, neck, hands, fingernails, gait and posture. I can still recall Dr. Atchley simulating for us the facies, the tremor, the gait and the posture of Parkinsonism. Often, as he pointed out, the diagnosis can be made during those initial three seconds. In order to do so, however, the physician must look up at his patient. It has certainly been my experience, confirmed by anecdotes from other patients, that many specialists today do not, in fact, take a complete history, do not perform a complete physical examina­ tion. Such histories and physicals as are commonly elicited by most specialists relate almost entirely to the interests and tools of their specialty. This practice seems to me to overlook the fact that every patient presenting himself to a physician is fundamentally a human being in need of humane understanding. When each of you first came to medical school you were also merely human beings. You had graduated from colleges where a portion of your time and effort was devoted to a group of subjects called the humanities. Inclusion of these in your curriculum was designed to stress your humanism. Then, as medical students, your education was directed chiefly to the generalities of health and disease. The specialties were certainly introduced to you but in no sense were you, at that time, converted into specialists. Your teachers, J trust, stressed the importance of looking at the whole patient which includes his oc­ cupational and domestic environments. During the residency years ahead for most of you this perspective will change. You will find yourselves devoting increasing attention to the patient's car­ diovascular system, gastrointestinal system, pulmonary system; to his tumor, his eye or his skin; and with decreasing frequency will you find the time and effort to take a good close look at the whole patient. In other words, as you progressively become specialists, there will be a decreasing concern in humanism. My chief text this evening is to caution you not to let the broad 10 THE BUFF ALO PHYS ICIA �.. humanistic approach to the patient's many problems slip away. There are complications arising from each specialized category of diseases which may not normally come to the attention of the con­ cerned specialist. Consider, for instance, the patient under treat­ ment by an orthopedic surgeon whose arms have been im­ mobilized for good and sufficient reason, but who at the moment is troubled by an itch on his nose which he cannot scratch. Consider the patient who has had a colostomy and whose social life has been jeopardized by anxiety about odor, borborygmi or leakage. Consider the visually handicapped person who, for the 20th time, runs into the edge of a coffee table and bruises his shins at a height precisely 12 inches off the floor. What help, if any, can he expect from his ophthalmologist to see to it that this particular complica­ tion of blindness does not occur again. I have learned a great deal from the stud of the many letters received since the publication of my ew England Journal of Medicine article, and much of what I have learned is, I believe, not widely known to the ophthalmological world. As an example may I cite advice received from a blind retired woman who noted, as she was losing her vision, that blind persons have great problems not only in reading, but also in writing. Therefore, in an­ ticipation of total loss of vision she had herself schooled in touch typewriting and is today a very proficient typist, even though total­ ly blind. This has permitted her to write her memoirs and to main­ tain an active correspondence. I have not found this particular prescription in any textbook of ophthalmology, yet its good sense is entirely obvious and to me very appealing. One might expect that since the majority of individuals losing their vision are seen by ophthalmologists that they would normally be referred to experts in rahabilitation, in the treatment of low vi­ sion, and in the many goods and services which are provided by very many agencies catering to the needs of the blind. Clearly the blind, as a population, have some political clout. Blindness is, I believe, the only disease mentioned by name on Form 1040 of the Internal Revenue Service. Yet such anticipated referral frequent­ ly does not occur. I have heard from a woman in Cambridge, assachusetts, who was blind for 18 years and wa seen by 12 ophthalmologists before anyone directed her to the invaluable Talking Books Program, which is run by the Aids for the Blind and Physically Handicapped at the Library of Congress. This agency provides a choice of almost one-half million books which have been read onto records or tapes, together with appropriate tape players, to permit enjoyment of this material. Service, incidental­ ! , is entirely free and distribution is made through regional public libraries. I have even heard of one ophthalmologist who dis­ courages the use of these products by his patients on the grounds that the Talking Books Program is "mere! a crutch." This attitude is, in my opinion, foolish and perhaps sadistic. The Talking Book is no more of a crutch to the blind individual than is the printed book to the normally sighted. Besides which, what is wrong with crutches? A curious evidence of the ophthalmologist's insensitivity to the needs of the partially sighted came from a telephone call which I received from a visually handicapped patient under treat­ ment at a very famous ophthalmology clinic. He told me that in the waiting room where he spent many hours there was a large stack FALL, 1982 11 1onuel Saint-Mortin. George Rafferty d- �of magazines and newspapers for the entertainment of the clientele, but not a single journal or book in large print which the visually handicapped patient might have read. It ha appeared to me and to a number of my correspondents that the ophthalmologist may often develop a hostility to blindness. He sees blindness as an evidence of his failures and these he wishes to sweep under the rug. Alternatively he comes to the attitude, "Thi man is blind and I can do nothing for him." It is this statement which I find par­ ticularly troublesome. More precisely he might state, "This man is blind and I can do nothing for his vision. There are, however, quite a few things which I can do for him." In the hope of reviving the kind of humanistic sensitivity with which all physicians should hopefully be equipped, I have su gested to a number of ophthalmologists that during the three­ year residency training in this specialty, short periods of time be assigned to experiences which stimulate the condition of deteriorating vision. It should be entirely possible to equip each resident for a period of one or more days with a pair of fro ted spectacles through which he can see little but light and dark. In ad­ dition, it might be worthwhile to provide him with an absolute blindfold for a period of time. Optical devices are available which mimic many of the more common specific defects of vision such a tubular vision, hemianopsias, loss of central vision, etc. I believe that every opththalmologist should experience these sensations. Furthermore, I would not be satisfied to have him sit quietly in hi office or remain in bed during these experiences. I think it is im­ portant that each new ophthalmologist encounter the real problems of the visually handicapped. Let the blindfolded oung doctor go on rounds. Let him talk to patients in the OPD. In i t that he get his lunch by going through the cafeteria line, an interestin experience for someone who cannot see. Let him accompany his spouse to an art gallery, a motion picture, or a theatre, so that he i aware of the limitations which blindness imposes upon these and similar experiences. I would hope that ophthalmologists who have passed through such a brief course of training would have better understanding of the problems with which their patients are dail confronted and would, in consequence, practice a more u eful kind of medicine. It is an interesting exercise to consider other specialties in which such simulated clinical experiences might be included in training. Every would-be orthopedic surgeon might be im­ mobilized for a brief period in one or another plaster cast. One could equip the trainee in otology with ear plugs for a while. One might even dust the would-be dermatologist with "itching powder." It is more difficult to design stimulation experience of this sort for the trainee in cardiology or oncology. Still, in some way we must sustain such humanism as survives the rigors of medical education. We must, from time to time. tear the urologist away from his cystoscopic view of the world. We must induce the ophthalmologist to come out from behind his ophthalmoscope and look at his patient. If we fail in thi way, we may expect the increasing resentment of the patient population. If we succeed we may hope that even in an era of high specialization, medicine will still be practiced in the grand tradition of Hip­ pocrates, of Galen, of Ambroise, Pare and William Osler. □ 12 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Angioplasty Angioplasty, a nonsurgical technique, is used to treat severe narrowing of arteries. In­ troduced in 1964 by Oregon's Drs. M. Judkins and C. Dotter, it was used to dilate narrowed arteries in legs of patients with severe peripheral vascular disease which made them unacceptable bypass surgery candidates. During the then somewhat crude procedure, catheters of increasing size were used to dilate clogged blood vessels. Because of complications - vessel injury and hemorrhage the procedure was abandoned in this country. In Switzerland ten years later, Dr. A. Gruntzig and associates used a double lumen balloon catheter to dilate narrowed parts of blood vessels in patients. Following great success in peripheral and renal arteries, the first percutaneous coronary angioplasty known as PTCS was done successfully in 1977. Since then, some 3000 procedures - using improved instrumentation have been reported around the world. At 73 national centers, over 1500 cases have been monitored by IH's ational Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Nine have been done at the Erie County Medical Center by cardiology atten­ ding eil Dashkoff, clinical assistant professor of medicine. ationally, most cases have involved single vessel disease; the remainder double or triple vessel disease. Two-thirds of the lesions have been located in the left anterior descending coronary artery. The others in the right or circumflex coronary arteries. In his report to the medical/dental staff, Dr. Dashkoff said, "We are on the frontier of angioplasty. With more refined instrumenta­ tion and experience, results will continue to improve. "The more you do, the better you become." He noted two catheters - one inside the other - are used during the procedure. The outer or guide catheter is used to enter the coronary artery where the lesion is located. FALL. 1982 The inner or balloon catheter then moves down the coronary artery under fluoroscopic/pressure monitoring until it passes the lesion. Once there, it is inflated/deflated for 10-15 seconds by a controlled pressure pump. The cycle of inflation/deflation is repeated until the lesion of arteriosclerotic plaque is com­ pressed against the vessel wall and/or is cracked open to allow blood to flow un­ restricted through the widened blood vessel. Dr. Dashkoff noted some 10-15 percent of bypass surgery patients are candidates for coronary angioplasty. Those who are careful­ ly selected have a short history of angina less than a year - when lesions are softer/noncalcified and lesions are in the proximal part of one or more coronary arteries. "Because of possible rare complications heart attack or death - there is cardiac stand­ by which we hope is cancelled," Dr. Dashkoff said. He compared the $25,000 cost for bypass surgery to a $4,000-$5,000 for angioplasty. In both, he noted comparable complications and a 15 per cent recurrence rate during the first year. One of the nice things about angioplasty, he said, is that it is less complicated to repeal than surgery. He noted success with cor­ onary angioplasty is currently 63 percent. "It is a promising, nonsurgical alternative for selected patients," he said. He credited Beth Sloan, RN, as instrumen­ tal in helping to get the procedure underway at the medical center. The use of angioplasty in renal artery dis­ ease was reviewed by radiology attending Bhupendra epani. He has performed some 30 cases at the medical center. The first, in February 1980, was a patient of Dr. Joseph Walsh. "He helped to establish a protocol for renal artery angioplasty at the medical center," he said. "The patient is still doing well." He pointed to a local/national success rate of 85 percent for the well-accepted procedure in renal artery disease. □ 13 �Chronobiology by William J.M. Hrushesky, M'73 Assistant Professor of Medicine, Laboratory Medicine, Pathology University of Minnesota Chronobiology is the study of the temporal relationships of biologic phenomena. The biology of all living things on this planet has evolved with a certain and locally definable cosmological reality. One of the essential qualities of the milieu, in which we find ourselves, is a constantly changing but re ularly recurrent arrangement of strong and weak geophysical, heliophysical lunophysical and other less well-defined cosmological forces. The rhythmic arrange­ ment and rearrangement of these bodies and the resultant force patterns engendered by these spatial rearrangements "mark time" in our corner of the universe. As the heliodependent chemistry of life came into being, the very first hurdle which had to be overcome was the storage of enough energy to "hold that life together" during the regularly recurrent span of time in which no direct source of energy would be available. Adaptability to the circadian reality of our planet was a sine qua non of life. This regular­ ly recurrent lack of solar energy was also the impetus for the development of chemical envelopes (membranes) to protect and keep the molecules of life aggregrated. The relative absence of energy during half of this "cell's" life has also led to the development of organelles and intracellular "batteries." The homeostasis of biology has retained this es­ sential circadian periodicity throughout evolution. It is such a basic life property that derangements often have lethal conse­ quences. Its most obvious mark upon us is the one-third of our entire lives which we spend asleep. Life probably developed in that part of the earth's surface where day and night length are of relatively equal duration throughout the year and in a fluid atmosphere which changes its physical properties relatively slowly and gradually in response to the dailv and annual rearrangements of the earth and sun. As the molecules and cells of life generally spread from the equator, however, methods of coping with seasonal differences in energy availability of a very great degree 14 became required. Elaborate life cycles of single cells and specialized cellular organelles, as well as complicated, permanent arrangements of cells evolved. Storing energy over regularly recurrent long spans of low energy availability ultimately resulted in the development of organisms with complex plans for keeping their "life stuff" together through these long periods of energy dearth. Many millennia passed before life left the sea. During these millions of years organisms came into being whose territories bordered large land masses. The tremendous regularly recurrent magnetic and gravitational forces of the moon upon the earth resulted in massive regular monthly movements of the fluids covering the earth. These movements had to be dealt with by these living organisms. Therefore, in order to deal with each of these three physical rhythms, as well as others with less obvious cosmological casuality, this "life" has built into its biochemistry and genetics multiple highly complex interacting networks. These three physical rhythms have left an in­ delible imprint upon every earth-born life form. Endogenous rhythmic properties of life are common to all living organisms on earth. Chronobiology takes each of the interact­ ing time frames into consideration per se, defines and quantifies their biological effects, and uses the understanding engendered to ask scientific and biomedical questions very much more effectively and precisely than can be done if these essential rhythmic qualities of !if e are not carefully considered. \ ' ' ' ' I I I I I I ,, I 'I I 12 I , , , 2'- , ,,, I I I I I I I I I \ ' ' ' Logo Clock THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Calcium Blockers Calcium blockers, a new group of drugs, have been approved by the FDA to treat angina. The approval follows three years of clinical trials in this country. Among physicians to use the drugs in the study is Dr. Francis Klocke, M'60. He is director of car­ diology at the Erie County Medical Center and professor of medicine/physiology at U/B. Dr Hrushesk} CHRO OBIOLOGY RESEARCH PROGRESS REPORT The Chronobiology Cancer Research Program at the Masonic Cancer Center has clinical, preclinical, and basic components. The ongoing research addresses the pefinition and use of biologic rhythms for cancer treat­ ment, diagnosis, and prevention. A large number of mouse and rat studies have demonstrated very large and predictable differences in the lethal toxicity of seven anti­ cancer agents, which depend upon the circa­ dian stage these drugs are given. Clinical studies at the Masonic Cancer Center have demonstrated for the first time that the extent of bone marrow suppression of a chemotherapy regimen depends in part upon the circadian stage and what season these agents are administered. This research has shown that the manner in which cisplatin is metabolized and excreted is also time­ dependent. Furthermore, the kidney damage associated with the administration of cisplatin is much less severe when the drug is given at a time of day when the human kidney normally excretes the highest concentrations of potassium. This research program has also allowed the development of a chronobiological method for predicting which patients are destined to develop doxorubicin-induced con­ gestive heart failure. This predictive capacity may allow avoidance of this lethal drug com­ plication in the future. □ FALL, 1982 He notes the calcium blockers are not a panacea. Rather, they are an addition to drugs currently used to treat angina. "Our clinical experience has been limited," he said. "It will be a few years before we clearly understand the role of each of the calcium-blocking drugs - Nifedepine, Verapamil and Diltiazem. The drugs have been in use in Europe for 20 years. What is known is that they stop the calcium molecules from causing blood vessels to con­ tract spasmodically. By changing the rate calcium enters and leaves cells, blood vessels are dilated. Once open, blood flow to the body is in­ creased and the heart works less hard. Also, dilated blood vessels within the heart in­ crease blood flow to the heart muscle, the op­ posite of what occurs with angina. In angina, pain occurs when the heart does not receive enough oxygenated blood. Dr. Klocke notes the calcium blockers may aid in treating the irregular and rapid heart beats known as arrhythmia and tachycardia. The most common or effort-related form follows physical exertion or emotional excite­ ment. Blood pressure and heart rate in­ creases. These patients use beta blockers. The rest or no-exertion form of angina may result from spasms in the arteries. Because blood flow to the heart muscle is restricted, these patients may be helped by the calcium blockers, Dr. Klocke said, along with the nitrates including nitroglycerin they now use. Also candidates for the calcium blockers, according to Dr. Klocke, are patients who, because of asthma or weak hearts, are unable to tolerate common drugs such as nitroglycerin or beta blockers. □ 15 �BIOETHICS I OBSTETRICS GY ECOLOGY: If ot ow, When? A D Myron Gordon, M.D. Class of 1948 Albany, ew York Few invitations have pleased me as much as that which I received from your President, Dr. John Bartels, asking me to address this Socie­ ty. As an Alumnus of the Medical School and as a colleague and friend to many of you, I was particularly delighted by this opportunity to participate in this annual tradition which honors the founder of our Medical School and University. In searching for a subject for tonight's presentation several considerations came to mind. I could take the easy path of reminscences - about my arrival in Buffalo on December 29, 1944 during that winter of constant cold and snow, of ew Year's Eve at the U.S.O. at the Hotel Genesee; of my first classes at the High Street Medical School; of that freshman class of ASTP's, V-12's, civilians - and 6 women; of our first in­ troductions to the "magnificent" Juniors and Seniors - first to be admired, then to be emulated, and finally to be consulted as ad­ visors and friends; of our first encounter with house staff; of the first stethoscope - carried so carelessly in the back pants pocket so that the jacket might catch on it, exposing for all to see this symbol of a doctor; of our Professors, O.P. Jones, Jumphries, Edwards, Griffith and Youngbird, the incomparable Samuel Sanes, Harry Laforge, Edward Winkler, and that true gentle person, Clyde Randall. Discarding the sentimental. I might have reviewed the !ife of that young man from Austerlitz, New York who, at the age of 35 and with a few other stalwarts, founded the Medical School from which the University of Buffalo gestated, and for whom this lecture was nam­ ed. Prom the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical College. Presented by invitation as the James Platt White, M.D. Lecture al the Buf­ folo Gynecologic and Obstetric Sacie­ ly, Buffalo, ew York, April 15, 1980. 16 In deference to those who accompany the members here tonight and hoping that I might prevent the development of the glassy-eyed stare that comes over those who "have ears but they hear not" 1 , I also rejected a purely scientific subject from my Department files. Again, I might have selected the easy path of a travelogue about my recent trip to the People's Republic of China, but I was con­ cerned that the instant experts are becoming so numerous as to leave no organization unin­ formed on the quantity and quality of medical care in China. On a more positive note, after con­ siderable deliberation, I chose to speak to you on the subject of bioethics in our discipline for several reasons: Firstly, as I reviewed the life of Professor James Platt White,2 I was struck by his own concern for the ethical aspects of teaching and practicing medicine, and by the high ethical esteem in which he was held by his colleagues and contemporaries. Secondly, medicine in general, and Obstetrics and Gynecology in particular is un­ dergoing rapid transformations in its practice and, more importantly, in the individual and collective goals of its practitioners. Whenever such transition occurs, ethical issues tend to surface, become prominent, and force a re­ examination of values and goals. Lastly, at the time of my graduation from medical school in 1948 my ethical awareness was only momentarily awakened by the Hip­ pocratic Oath which was administered to us. During my years of training, ethics largely referred to abortion, to my relationships to other physicians, and lo admonitions that I treat patients and nurses courteously. When I became a practicing physician and applied to professional societies for membership to be ethical seemed to revolve around not splitting fees. The code of ethics of the A.M.A. was rapidly filed under "A". It has only been dur­ ing the past decade in which bioethics has been receiving increasing recognition within medical education as a discipline with its own curriculum. research and accolytes (professors), that my own sensitivity to bioethical issues in Obstetrics and Gynecology has been sufficiently raised to bring me to choose this as the subject of this presentation. In 1974, at one of my last A.C.O.G. Ex­ ecutive Board meetings as District II ChairTHE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �man, I proposed a clinical-ethical problem to the Board. The President's response was to form a Committee on Bioethics, and to ap­ point me as its Chairman. I was certain that I did not have the background, education, knowledge, or the temperment for the Com­ mittee's work, and I was even more certain that I was about to develop an acute case of "foot-in-mouth" disease. Five years later, I was surprised that I may have learned something about the subject and that the Com­ mittee may have even made some con­ tributions to the College and to the Specialty. I am not a bioethicist or bioethician, nor have I ever had formal classroom ethical education. I do not speak "Ethic," and I probably would not recognize a deontologist or a consequentialist if I stumbled over one. I am, like many of you, involved in bioethical considerations in my daily clinical endeavors without being conscious of it. Bioethics deals with the concepts of morality, moral problems and judgements as related to the health sciences. It raises the question as to what is right or what ought to be done in situations which call for a moral deci­ sion. There are no automatic systems or Professor White fomulas for arriving at ethical answers or to make one moral, or to punish one if not moral. Bioethics does not campaign for a particular life style or value. As pointed out by Dr. Edmund Pellegrino,' the current revival of bioethics is rooted in several recent phenomena of great social im­ portance: (1) The multiplicity, growth and complexity of new medicomoral problems, (2) The emergence of moral pluralism, (3) The increasing demand by patients for greater participation in decision-making and to be acting as their own moral agents. To these I would add a fourth of particular im­ portance to our specialty, the growing emphasis on equal human rights, i.e., women's rights. Examination and application of the bioethical aspects of Obstetrics and Gynecology cannot be assigned by us, the practitioners, to a selected "clergy," the ethicians, who will teach, discuss, research and write on these problems as though in some ways to act as surrogates for us. Churchill has pointed out that Medicine is a powerful culture with a tradition that con­ stitutes the nature and substance of the profession. It is transmitted to each new generation of physicians as learned standards of conduct, parameters of moral choices, and reorientation of value systems. At the center of this culture is the "cultic activity", the en­ counter with patients The ethics of medicine, i.e., it's moral and aesthetic tone, character and quality, revolves around this clinical en­ counter.• Pellegrino has designated this as the meeting place of "ethics and the moment of clinical truth" - the link to the "act of clinical decision." Bioethics, like most other under­ takings in which we involve ourselves must have relevance to the major theme of our work, the physician-patient relationship. Thus, the clinician must be directly involved in the examination and exposition of this in­ terface between ethics and clinical medicine.• The theme of my presentation tonight is that our profession, Obstetrics and Gynecology, is in its essential nature more deeply rooted in bioethics than other specialties. Consequently, many of the issues and problems which we are encountering in practice, in dientity, and in professional in­ teractions have significant bioethical com- FALL, 1982 17 d- �ponents which arise from this special relationship. It then follows that the answers and solutions to these issues and problems will have to be sought as much within the dis­ cipline itself as in the outside forces which we perceive as playing determinant or adversary roles in our professional lives. This special ethical nature of Obstetrics and Gynecology which I have emphasized was identified by the Committee on Bioethics as due to the specialty's involvement in three particularly sensitive areas which impact on both the individual and society: (1) the ability to procreate (or not to procreate). (2) sexual function, and (3) sexual identity. In addition, I would suggest a fourth area of special con­ cern, (4) the family relationship. Thus, for each area of bioethical concern which applies to the general field of medicine, additional considerations must be given to their specific application in Obstetrics and Gynecology. To clarify this thesis a bit, I would like to review a few of the issues upon which the Committee on Bioethics deliberated during my tenure as Chairman. The Committee was established by the Executive Board of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in June, 1974 "to identify, evaluate, and make recommendations re­ garding ethical issues which affect the specialty of Obstetrics and Gynecology." At its first meeting the Committee developed a list of subjects which could be considered of ethical concern to the specialty (Table 1). It is readily apparent that these subjects relate to various aspects of clinical practice, research, patient-physician relationship, public image, and even malpractice. Because of their relative importance three of the first issues taken under consideration were perinatal research, induced abortion, and sterilization. The membership of the original committee was nicely balanced between clinicians, academicians and researchers, and this balance has been maintained as replacements have occurred. In addition to an excellent staff, the committee was provided with the services of two consultant bioethicians, the late Dr. Andre E. Hellegers of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics and Dr. Jack Provansha of Loma University School of Medicine who provided the essential elements of expertise in clinical and classroom bioethics needed to make the Committee's work coherent and ethically consistent. 18 On Perinatal research,• the Committee reaffirmed the College's commitment to biomedical research as essential to its con­ tinuing concern for the mother and fetus. It recognized that the Obstetrician-Gynecologist in daily practice has always accepted the dual responsibility presented by the pregnant woman and her fetus, and therefore, the com­ peting concerns which may be present in research and medical care do not diminish the physician's responsibilities in making ap­ propriate clinical decisions. It also noted that research on the in-utero fetus should not harm the fetus, and, in particular, not make the decision to abort irrevocable. In developing two statements on induced abortion/, the Committee emphasized several cogent points for physicians to con­ sider. It emphasized the importance of the physician's traditional role as a counselor, and that he or she guards against acting only as a technician. In this vein, that statement also pointed out the common ethical issues of abortion with other surgical-medical procedures, i.e., the need for informed con­ sent, competence to do the procedure, ap­ propriate charges, etc. The Committee then went on to point out the differences from other surgical procedures, in particular, the nature and value of the fetus, and that, even if in the judgment of the physician abortion is indicated, it should not be considered as a trivial matter. In both of the final statements, special emphasis was placed on the concept that by inducing abortion as the resolution to the competing welfare interests of the women and her fetus, the physician does not necessarily have an adversary relationship to the fetus, and that destruction of the fetus is not the primary purpose of the abortion. In the statement on Ethical Considerations in Sterilization,• the Committee recognized that the usually elective nature of the procedure presents the possibility for later regrets and that because of its relationship to procreation, sterilization of the individual may affect the common good, i.e., society. As the Committee noted in its statements on abortion, certain general principles apply to sterilization as to other aspects of medical practice including that the physician assist the patient in her right to seek or refuse health care, that the physician act primarily with the patient's good in mind, and that the physician not become merely the agent of patients or THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �------- others especially in matters involving medical judgment and personal conscience. As in all surgical procedures, the physician should determine that sterilization is appropriate, that there are not contraindications, that the procedure selected is the best for the patient and that the physician is competent to perform it. The statement also affirms the importance of proper counseling to truly informed consent and it reaffirms the unethical nature of linking sterilization to the withholding of medical care. It finally points out both the ethical and medical problems raised by age and time restrictions which are now a part of governmental regulations and law. The development of this last statement il­ lustrates in a personal way some of the points I have been trying to make. In the early 1970's I actively opposed the development of regulations for sterilization within the municipal hospital system. I must say that I played a truly adversary role to the individuals and groups who were the ad­ vocates of stringent regulations for steriliza­ tion. Eventually these were also embodied in a City ordinance and in good part, into Federal regulation. As I look back now from the vantage point of my experience in developing the College's ethical policy, I believe that there was a need for guidelines FALL, 1982 - ------------~------ - and even some regulation, and that the earlier publication of such a statement of ethical principles as was eventually developed by our professional organization might have defused or certainly modified some of the more stringent aspects of the present regulations. We find ourselves today as professionals frequently at odds with the health care concepts championed by signifi­ cant groups of our constituents (women). Possibly our own examination of both the ethical and scientific aspects of these areas of concern might provide more agreement rather than controversy between us. ot everything that the Connittee con­ sidered was so important or, in modern terms, "so heavy." For instance, we responded to a request for an opinion on contraceptive advertising on television by stating that while not specifically an ethical issue, adver­ tisements should not be viewed as replacing sex education and that the audience's freedom of choice might be abridged by an unexpected encounter with objectionable advertising. Parenthetically and off the record, the Committee noted that an en­ vironmentalist television viewer might find detergent commercials obscene!! For those of you who have the good fortune to work with, to read, or to listen to the late Andre Hellegers, you knew as we did, the sharpness and impishness of his wit and the clarity and fairness of his intellect. This last statement on ethical principles governing the administration of drugs was devised in response to letters of inquiry from Fellows concerned about the issue of laetrile and their ethical responsibility to patients who want the physician to prescribe it. While most of the Committee was engaged in discussion and anecdotes about quackery and the rights of the physician, Andre quietly composed the following which the Committee immediately adopted almost without change. Like Andre, it was precise, balanced and witty with just a touch of humor. 1. Physicians shall not be obligated to ad­ minister a drug which is unproven as to safety or effectiveness, even if the patient wants it. 2. Physicians shall not be obligated to withhold a drug which has been deter­ mined to be safe and effective, if the physi­ cian wishes to administer it and the patient to take it. 19 d- �3. Physicians shall not be obligated to ad­ minister or to withhold a drug which has been determined to be safe but ineffective if given for placebo effect. 4. Placebos should be used with great cir­ cumspection, since they may undermine patient-physician relationships, both in the particular and in the aggregate, by lessen­ ing trust. The Committee is aware of the fact that the determination of whether a drug is in fact safe and effective is the appropriate subject for scientific inquiry and regulation. These are matters of science and of law and are in­ dependent of the above guidelines which are purely matters of ethics."• During the five years of my tenure, the Committee considered a number of subjects (Table II). The results of these deliberations have been adopted as College policy, served as the basis for answers to queries by Fellows or other organizations, or, have been referred to other interested groups within the College for incorporation in their own work. We are the principal physician to women, yet it is women's groups who are frequently our severest critics. It is they who are trying on their new-found self-awareness, and flex­ ing muscles of influence and power. They are concerned about applied medical technology, physician-patient relationships, sexual identi­ ty and function, and their own human rights. Legislatures and regulatory agencies have taken the bit in their teeth and are running away with health care issues - sterilization, funding of abortion, requiring drug informa­ tion, fee limits and so on. We offer advice and, frequently, it is ignored, denigrated, or dis­ torted. When we read or hear of new regulations or laws, our responses run the course of anger, frustration, rejection, and finally resignation. One does not have to recite the litany of abuses which we perceive as having been directed at us by an ever in­ creasing population of lawyers and administrator-bureaucrat types. One only has to mention such terms as informed consent, malpractice, wrongful birth, FDA and Federal regulation, to excite an autonomic "battle" reaction in any group of Obstetricians­ Gynecologists. I fear, however, that these "battles" will never be won for us in either the legislature (lawyer controlled) or governmental agency (bureaucrat controlled). 20 I believe that it is with the public itself, our constituency, our patients with whom we must increase communication, erase mis­ understanding, restructure our image and demonstrate our own initiative in dealing with their concerns. I submit that the explora­ tion and development of the bioethical aspects of many of these issues off er us a readily available mechanism to increase this communication, and because these and similar issues are an integral part of many of the problems which we face as a profession, provide us with useful approaches to their solution. Well, where have I led tonight? I hope not as a prophet of doom, suggesting the need to repent, or that maybe it is already too late. I do not mean that we Obstetrician­ Gynecologists have been chosen for any special trial, nor have we been selected to lead any new charge against the entrenched guns of the enemy. I do think that we are aware of the ethical concerns in the practice of medicine, perhaps better than most, having been involved in a specialty in which com­ peting concerns abound and having had a long history of self-examination and inquiry. We should develop and strengthen our own bioethical muscles, recognize areas of con­ cern early, and develop the ethical concepts associated with new treatment modalities, and particularly, new technology, at the same time as we develop the scientific protocols and operating standards concerning their use. When we have done so, we should make the public and our patients aware of these ethical concerns and conclusions. Because we need the discipline of classroom ethics to assist in our examination of clinical bioethics, I might suggest the recruitment of a departmental bioethicist, perhaps shared with the Department of Pediatrics, as we do perinatologists and neonatologists. This "house ethicist" might even be a graduate student, since "board cer­ tified" bioethicists may be in short supply, who would participate in regular clinical con­ ferences, teach students and house officers and carry out research projects. Further along the bioethicist might initiate "Clinicoethical" rounds with the students, house staff and in­ terested attendings. Certainly there is an abundance of "case material" on our services for such rounds and conferences. THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIAN �Several other suggestions come to mind, but I think that I have made my point and would do better to avoid the boredom of overstatement of a case. Since it is always helpful when trying to make a point to draw upon, the precedence of authority and tradition, I draw your attention to the Charge to the Graduating Class delivered by Professor James P. White, M.D. on February 26th, 1867 at the commencement in the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo. 10 In the eloquent and formal manner of that day, he emphasized many aspects of the ethical relationships of the physician to his patients, his community and to his colleagues. He exhorted these new graduates to learn about their place of prac­ tice and its people, to teach prevention, to not become political partisans, to continue their professional education, and to constantly im­ prove the mind as a superior means of serving mankind. He made a special plea for the new physician not to depricate other practitioners, to meet together often (as you do tonight), and to lessen the groundless censure of the com­ munity by gradually "enlightening the public mind with medical matters." T t TUI I:\ l'f:111 "• I\ \I~ " l' \\ IIITI. ll (1 r Cover page of Monograph Dr. White then spoke of the University of Buffalo and its founding, and encouraged their support in the future. He concluded this marvelous exhortation to exemplary behavior and practice by warning that it will not be a life which includes rest on the Sabbath, leisure time or nights of uninterrupted sleep, but that "if pursued with right motives and religious trust as your last and greatest reward, a fadeless inheritance." For my own conclusion, I cannot promise a similar reward for your kind attention tonight, but can instead only complete the aphorism from which I drew the title of this presenta­ tion. IF I AM OT MYSELF, WHO WILL BE FOR ME? IF I AM FOR MYSELF O LY, WHAT AM I? IF OT OW, - WHE ? FALL, 1982 Professor Jomes Plott White's Charge to the Graduating Closs, February 26, 1867. 1. First location, the only one 2. Learn about your home and its people. 3. Teach prevention as well as cure. 4. Do not become political partisans. 5. Continue education. 6. Progressive but not o faddist. 7. Ethical relationships. 8. Meet together often. 9. Inform public on medico/ molters. 10. Charge well for services, but fairly. 11. Have concern for Alma Mater. 21 d- �TE SIO S OR ETHICAL DILEMMAS FOR OBSTETRICI /GY ECOLOGISTS ETHICAL CO CERNS TABLE I: Ethical Concerns to the Obstetrician-Gynecologists Induced Abortion Malpractice Contraceptive (Teens) Sterilization Adoption Artificial Insemination Genetic Counseling Out-of-Hospital Delivery Shored Responsibility Hysterectomy Feta/ Monitoring Cesarean Section Patient Relationships Resident Participation Venereal Disease Hormone Treatment Informed Consent Research TABLE II: Ethical Problems Considered by the Committee on Bioethics 1. Ethical Considerations in Fetal Research 2. Some Ethical Considerations in Abortion 3. Further Ethical Considerations in Induced Abortion 4. Ethical Considerations in Sterilization 5. Ethical Aspects of Informed Consent 6. Broadcast 1. ABORT/0 2. GO TRACEPTIO 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Advertising of Contraceptives 7. Administration of Laetrile 8. Sterilization as o Prerequisite to Obstetrical Care 9. Support of Bioethico/ Research on Amniocentesis 10. Adoption -ADOLESGE T T U EXPECTED COMPLICATIO S a. Hemorrhage-Pregnancy, O.R. b. Patient in shock c. Convulsing patient d. Post-op death e. eonatal death DYi G PATIE T I FORM/ G PATIE TS - CA GER. AB ORMAL FETUS/I FA T ADOPT/O I FERTILITY - U SUCCESSFUL TREATME T I FORMED CO SE T STERILIZAT/O - FAILURE PRE ATAL, GE ETIG, HEALTH GOU SELING SEDUCTIVE PATIE T OBSTETRICAL COMPLIGATIO S - C. SECTIO DEGISIO PROBLEMS OF EO ATE APPLIGATIO OF TECH OLOGY COMPETIT/O - MIDWIFE, FAMILY PHYSIC/A URSE F. Vann. M.D. Personal Comm. 3. HIGH RISK OBS PATIE 14. 15. 16. ETHICAL CO SIDERATIONS I STERILIZATIO REGOG IZES ELECTIVE ATURE A D IMPORTA CE ACT PRIMARILY FOR PATIE T'S GOOD PHYS/CIA OT MERELY AGE T CO SIDERATIO SAS I ALL SURGERY GOU SELING - LI KAGE - I FORMED CO SE T AGE A D TIME RESTRICT/O SMAY BE U ETHICAL A D MED/CALLY U WISE REFERE CES • Psalm 115 Verses 5 and 6: The Holy Bible, King James Version. 1 /avert, C.T.: Jomes Platt White, A Pioneer in American Obstetrics and Gynecology, fr. Hist. Med., 489, Autumn 1948. 1 Pellegrino. E.D.: Ethics and the Moment of Clinical Truth, /.A.M.A. Editorial 239: 960, 1978. 'Churchill, L.B.: The Ethicist in Professional Education, Hastings Center Report; 9:13, December 1978. 'Ethical Consideration in Perinatal Research; Statement of Policy, American College af Obstetricians ond Gynecologists, May 1975. • Some Ethical Considerations In Abortion; Statement of Policy, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, October 1975. 'Further Ethical Consideration In Induced Abortion: Statement of Policy, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, December 1977. • Ethical Considerations in Sterilization; Statement of Policy, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 1979. • Minutes, Committee on Bioethics; American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, March 13-14, 1978. ,. Charge to the Graduating Closs. Professor James P. White, M.D .. Pub/: Joseph Warren and Co., Printers. Buffalo, Y: Delivered at the Commencement in the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo, February 26, 1867. 22 ETHICAL CO SIDERATIO S RESEARCH IN PERI ATAL REAFFIRMED CO TINUI G CO GER FOR BOTH MOTHERS A D FETUS SHOULD BE ETHICAL PROBLEMS OF ABORTIO SEPARATE HUMA EXPERIME TATIO IS ESSE TIAL PERSO AL ETHICS PARAMOU T RESPO SIBILITY OR SE SITIVITY FOR APPROPRIATE CL/ ICAL MA AGEME T RESEARCH I VOLVI GI -UTERO FETUS PROLO GING OR SHORTE I G LIFE OF PREVIABLE FETUS ETHICAL CONSIDERATIO I INDUCED ABORTIO PHYSIC/A 'S TRADIT/O AL ROLE LAW A D ETHICS ETHICAL ISSUES COMMO TO ALL SURGICAL A D MEDICAL PROCEDURES SPECIAL ETHIC PROBLEMS -Special nature and value of the fetus -Danger of disvaluing fetal life -Maintain sensitivity to larger human values COU SELING JS ETHICAL RESPO SIBILITY PHYSIC/A SHOULD OT ACT SOLELY AS TECH IGIA THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Two Alumni Honored Two alumni, Drs. Jack Lippes, M'47, and Albert Rekate, M'40, were honored along with three others at the 43rd annual U/B Alumni Association Installation and Awards Banquet in June. Dr. Rekate was the 1982 winner of the Samuel P. Capen Alum­ ni Award, given for exceptional service to the University, its students, staff and alumni. The professor of medicine is a teacher­ administrator at the Medical School. His students, past and pre­ sent, constantly articulate the positive effect he has had on their careers. Dr. Lippes, professor of Gyn/Ob, was one of three to receive the Distinguished Alumni Award. He invented an intrauterine contraceptive used world-wide and consultant to world governments of emerging nations. He is author of numerous ar­ ticles on reproductive physiology, birth control, obstetrics and gynecology. Dr. Lippes is a consultant to The Population Council of Rockefeller University, past medical director of Planned Parenthood of Buffalo and past president of the ational Associa­ tion of Planned Parenthood Physicians, among several memberships. Dr. Rekate is semi-retired and splits his time between South Carolina and Buffalo, Dr. Rekate teaches in the rehabilitation summer student program for freshmen medical students. He al o teaches residents in the physical medicine and rehabilitation program. He has held numerous academic appointments, in­ cluding chairman of the medical admissions committee, associate dean of the school of Health Related Professions, and acting chairman of the department of rehabilitation medicine. In the community he serves on the board of directors of Buf­ falo Hearing and Speech Center and continues to lend his exper­ tise to medical organizations in South Carolina. He has held numerous positions at E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital, including director; is a Fellow of the National Research Council and Diplomate, American Board of Internal Medicine. Dr. Rekate is also a generous benefactor of the U/B School of Medicine. Other recipients of Distinguished Alumni Awards were: Herald Price Fahringer, prominent attorney and defender in First Amendment trials; and Judge Mary Ann Killeen, supervising Judge of Erie County Family Court and civic servant. The George W. Thorn Award for commendable career/civic accomplishments by a young graduate was given to Orrin D. Tobbe, whose rapid succession of promotions in banking currently finds him a senior vice president of Marine Midland Bank. □ FALL, 1982 23 Dr. Lippes Dr. Rekate �Halloween Party Costumes and make-up made identification im­ possible at the first an­ nual student/faculty halloween party. □ Pholos b1· Amy Schueckler and \fork Sloon 24 THE BUFF ALO PHYS I CIA �FALL, 1982 �discussed the problems of physicians under 40 and over 40. Those who turn to drugs and Stress Conference Dr. Bissell "We must learn to laugh and live with stress." This was the theme of Dean aughton's opening welcome and remarks at the Stress and the Physician Conference attended by some 150 physicians and their wives. "I have more than a passing interest in this subject because just recently I put together a chapter on stress and heart disease. The Medical School is very interesting too because we are living in an era of drug and alcohol abuse. We must be understanding of these problems and salvage people and make them productive," Dean aughton said. He noted that we have developed a psy­ chology that stress is bad. "This is wrong. Stress is good for us. We must have the ability to cope and respond to it. Our inability to deal with stress is the major underlying problem." Dean aughton also discussed briefl the behavioral patterns of different personalities. "People who are more hostile and aggressive are more susceptible to heart disease," he said. The conference was co-sponsored by the Erie County Medical Society, Medical Alumni Association and the Continuing Medical Education office. The main speaker, Dr. Merville Vincent gave an overview of physicians who don't know how to handle stress. "It often begins in medical school, continues on through in­ ternship and residency. Once the physician gets into practice he becomes more busy, has longer hours and less time for family life. He wants power and money and feels indispensi­ ble. Fatigue/exhaustion takes over and he looks for an escape. "At this point the young physician must step back, look at himself and get off the treadmill. If he doesn't he often turns to booze, drugs and another woman. They won't admit they have a problem; often they treat themselves and this is double trouble. The next step could be suicide," Dr. Vincent said. The medical director of Homewood Sanitarium, Guelph, Ontario noted that pride keeps many physicians from seeking help. He 26 alcohol are certain they can quit anytime, but usually they can't. The Homewood Sanitarium admitted 93 physicians as in­ patients from 1960-67 and 280 since 1967 for drug/alcohol problems. Dr. Vincent noted that considerable progress has been made in treating the stress problem since 1975. There has been earlier recognition of the problem; steps have been taken to prevent it; there has been improved treatment plus a positive program of rehabilitation. "We must deal with the problem rather than ignore it," Dr. Vincent said. The Cana­ dian Medical Association and the Department of ental Health (USA) have had con­ ferences on stress. Almost every state has a special committee dealing with the problems and there is a growing interest in medical schools to deal with the problem. Dr. Ross Markello discussed the physi­ cian's career, life cycles and career changes. The U/B anesthesiology professor outlined four stages of the physician:s <;:areer: 1. The physician is setting up his practice (age 20-45); establishing professional identity and relationships; becoming known in the community as a capable, responsible physi­ cian. 2. id-career crisis (45-55); he reassesses his progress relative to his life-long am­ bitions; he may decide to level off or shift career emphasis. 3. Decline and disengagement (55-65); he learns to accept reduced levels of power and responsibility; may have new sources of satisfaction (family, hobbies). 4. Bowing out (65 and over); adjusting to drastic changes in life style; using experience on behalf of others; writing and working with professional organizations. Dr. arkellG noted that surveys show that 90 percent of physicians like medicine and are pleased with their choice of a profession. He talked about "dual career couples" and predicted that within 10 or 20 years there will be more women (60%] than men in medical school. In discussing the physician's life cycle Dr. Markello noted the changing home respon­ sibilities of parenthood and the adjustments necessary in dealing with the adolescent. THE BUFF ALO PHYS ICIA �"Suddenly the children are off to college and this is another adjustment problem. And when the physician becomes a grand-parent that could be a problem in dealing and un­ derstanding the younger generation." The physician-educator noted that burnout could come at any age, but it is more likely in mid-life. He suggested two good books on career changes: "Pathfinders", and "Shifting Gears." "Physicians are reluctant to consult psy­ chiatrists and growing old gracefully is very difficult for most physicians," Dr. Markello concluded. The president of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism discussed the legal im­ plications in dealing with problem physicians. Dr. LeClaire Bissell noted the impaired physi­ cian may have an alcohol or drug problem, may be senile or have some other illness, may be ignorant because of poor training; may not be reading or attending continuing education courses. "Many of us don't know how to approach and talk to an alcoholic or drug addict. This is not a game for amateurs," Dr. Bis~ell said. She discussed the different state rules that deal with the impaired physician, and noted that there were many excellent films and books available on the subject. Dr. Bissell listed four dangers in dealing with the impaired physician: libelous slander; tortureous interference with his practice; malicious prosecution and con­ spiracy. "Often when a physician is impaired it takes years for medical committees or the courts to stop him from practice. It is impor­ tant that the physician get appropriate and ex­ cellent treatment for his problem," Dr. Bissell concluded. In his luncheon address, attended by many wives, Dr. Vincent talked about marital problems. 1. Time wives become depressed because there isn't enough time together. This started in medical school, continued through residency and setting up practice; 2. Communication requires time; often the physician's professional role is carried over into the home; 3. Anger is built up during the day by both parties and of ten it all spills out at home; 4. Wive's expectation from husband, who is of ten too busy to take on home/family responsi bi Iiti es; 5. Mis-use of money. Often physicians over-spend, over-borrow and make poor in­ vestments. His worst enemy is his borrowing power. When budgeting is successful, it is the woman who does it; 6. The closeness to women patients often gives the wife reasons to be jealous. As a solution Dr. Vincent said, "talk things out together. Line up your family goals and priorities together and stick to them. Time together is crucial." In conclusion Dr. Vincent said, "sexual problems don't come from lack of education. The mind is the most important sex organ." □ /photo b) Jomes £. Kell}-/ 1982 Alumni Tours October 8 - 17 GREECE complete - Buffalo - $1299 complete - JFK- $1149 Departures from many other cities Features: Eight nights Royal Olympic Hotel (center of Athens); continental breakfasts, seven dinners; full day three-island cruise in­ cluding lunch. October 8 - 18 GREEK CRUISE OPTIO complete - Buffalo - $1599 complete - JFK - $1449 Six nights Royal Olympic Hotel; continental breakfasts, five dinners; 3 days/3 nights deluxe cruise of Greek Islands including all meals. For more information, contact Bill Dock, U/B Alumni As~ociation, Center for Tomorrow, Buffalo, ew York 14260. HAWAII (Oahu, Maui, Kauai) 12 days, 11 nights, October 12 and ovember 2 departures. $1195 from ew York; other cities less. Call 1-800-225-3060 for details. FALL, 1982 27 Dr. Vincent �from lower left: Jo Brody, Joe Failla, Charle Andrews: students/friends; The Brody's, .\fichoel Sellman; Charles icholos, Marcia McAvor, William Penhallurick; Dr. and ,\frs. Martin Wingate, Dr. Donald Lorson. □ Clockwise Medical Alumni Association Hosts 9th Annual Reception for Seniors Approximately 250 students, faculty, alumni and their spouses attended the annual cocktail-reception for seniors at the Albright-Knox. □ 28 THE BUFF ALO PHYS ICIA �J Clockwise from lower left: Two guests; Jerry Sufferin, President Sreven Som pie; Deon oughlon, Or. Robert Schultz; Charles icholson ond friend; The Stern Pollocks, Kevin Vorlog; Peter Sofio and friend: Wendy Kloez, Joseph Woyne: Dr. and Mrs. Felix filgrom; Arlene Curry and friend: David Levine, Patricia Guilts. □ FALL, 1982 29 �The Progressand Development of the Buffalo Medical School Library,1846-1981 By: F.X. Roberts Graduate Student Department of Higher Education History, like life, must be continuous or die; character and institutions may be altered but slowly; a serious interruption of their development throws them into national amnesia ... Will Durant - The _Story of Civilization Dr. Joseph Warren, in his address to the Medical School graduating class in 1874, men­ tions the venue of the School's first lectures given in the period 1847-1849, that is, in rooms over the old post office at the corner of Washington and Seneca Streets in downtown Buffalo. At this same location was housed the Medical College Library described in the October, 1846 Annual Circular as: (consisting of over 500 volumes including all the late and standard works upon every department of medicine and surgery, with the collateral sciences." The development of this core collection was taken in hand by Dr. James P. White, ear­ ly in 1847, when he was appointed, at a meeting of the faculty, as a committee of one for fitting up the library. Or. White continued lo direct the development of the Library in the Medical School's second home on Virginia Street, where it moved in 1849, until his death in 1881. Among the many efforts made by Or. White to expand the collection was the arrangement for a standing order for the publication of the Smithsonian Institute. But, even taking into consideration the intervening Civil War, no rapid growth in bound volumes appears to have occurred for a period of three decades. But by 1884 it is being recorded in 30 the Annual Announcement of the Medical School that the college library has on its shelves some 1,500 bound volumes. At the same time, however, numerous pamphlets were being added, as well as files of the leading medical journals. Spending a fairly large percentage of available funds on jour­ nals, as distinct from books and other materials, is not an unfamiliar phenomenon in libraries with a scientific orientation, which may be part of the explanation for the slow growth in the book collection during this period. It is perhaps not surprising, in a period when students were being reprimanded for bringing cadavers into the School in order to develop their knowledge of anatomy [Faculty meeting of April 24, 1847: "Resolved that no medical student shall be allowed to bring to the Institution a subject for the purposes of dissection, and if any student shall be guilty of doing so it shall be deemed adequate cause for expulsion."), that the faculty were called upon to subscribe the sum of 1,050 each to, among other things, support the development of the Library. Also, it is understandable, in a time when little or no education in the field of librarianship was extant, that the first person to be designated "librarian" was the Demonstrator of Anatomy, Mr. Corydon Laford, whose library work was merely add­ ed on to his other duties with no increase in salary. The Library at this time also seems to be undergoing some of those feelings of isolation and loneliness felt by libraries in educational settings where most of the teaching is done through the textbook method. This was true of the teaching at Buffalo Medical School during the period of the last decade of the 19th cen­ tury, where fairly extensive lists of textbooks were printed in each of the School's annual catalogs. Students were expected to own copies of most, if not of all, of these textbooks. THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �They were expressly forbidden to borrow a library copy for class use! At any rate, the information in the annual catalogs of the Medical School for this period sounds plaintive enough: "The regular college librarian is in daily attendance from 2-10 p.m., and students are not only permitted but urged to make free use of the facilities offered." Part of this apparent lack of use might be attributed to the restrictions on opening hours. But by the last decade of the century the hours were changed to 9 a.m. - 6 p.m., and the plea for students to make use of the Library disappears from the information an­ nouncements during this period. What has been added, however, gives a better insight into the direction that the development of the Library was then taking. It is pointed out, for example, that all the latest textbooks are available, as well as books of reference. The fact that foreign medical journals are available is specifically stated, as is the fact that the collection is now carefully cataloged. At the turn of the century this more replete and orderly-sounding library reported a bound book collection of some 7,000 volumes. Part of this growth was owing to the gift to the libraries of two deceas­ ed members of the faculty, Dr. Julius F. Miner, and Dr. George . Burwell. To the gift of the library of Dr. Burwell was attached the sum of $2,500 to be placed in a trust fund for the maintenance of the Burwell Collection and/or use by the Medical Library for other purposes deemed appropriate by the faculty. It was in 1893, when much of this real growth in the Library began, that the Medical School moved to a new three-story building on High Street, close to the Buffalo General Hospital. This location was to be its home un­ til 1953. Much of what to today's ear sounds like the language of hyperbole was used to describe this new building: "This is the hand­ somest and best adapted building for all the medical sciences in the United States." And it was also called "the most tasteful, comfort­ able and best arranged medical college edifice in the United States; perhaps even the world." The Medical Library also got its share. The "magnificent college library," it was called; and if it could not quite measure up in terms of service provided (e.g. the new card catalog was still in preparation), it was, FALL, 1982 •✓ / - ~ _--- - ..... ---. ./ , ~ _-~-· . I .. -;- -:~-=-T" ---- =-:-..:::--=. The Library was on the top floor of this building. in physical appearance, very appealing to judge by the full-page artist's impression of it in the 1893 Annual Announcement and from the photographs of it in the History of Medicine Library collection. These show a large salubrious-looking, well-lighted room (at first with gas fixtures, but later, in the early part of the new century, with electric lights). Off this space were alcoves with book presses. A large rec­ tangular, heavy oak table filled with center space. The ornate, Victorian-style woodwork was also of oak. The alcoves contained round, oak reading tables. Above the alcoves a balcony surrounded the room at a height of about ten feet where there were more wall shelves for books, and some free-standing book bays. The outer edge of the balcony was enclosed by an ornate balustrade. Comfortable-looking window seats were also provided, in addition to the seating at the various reading tables on the main floor and 31 d- �on the balcony. At the opening of the High Street building in 1893, Dr. Charles Cary, in his address, included the following informa­ tion on the Library: "The library rooms are fireproof, and contain our present library of about 4,000 volumes and 5,000 unbound pamphlets. They are capable of holding about 40,000 volumes." After the death of Dr. White, Dr. Matthew Mann took over as head of the Library Com­ mittee. During these early years decisions affecting the Medical Library were made by vote of the faculty with the advice of the Library Committee. The "librarian" (so­ called) was regarded as a clerical assistant retained to carry out the directives of the Committee or its Chairman. After the first person iven the title of "librarian" (Mr. Corydon Laford] left in 1852 there is no record of the position having been filled until 1889 when a Ms. Sarah P. Sheldon was hired. She stayed until 1894. At about this time. under the direction of Dr. Mann, and with the help of the superintendent of the Buffalo Library, who sent a trained assistant to the college to help Ms. Sheldon, the first card catalog of the collection was prepared. And it was during this period, in the middle of the last decade of the 19th century, that the services and ac­ tivities of the Library began to expand into relationships beyond the confines of the Medical School itself. By 1894 Dr. Mann was able to report that the cataloging project was nearly complete, and when finished it would provide a com­ plete index of the collection that would be at the disposal of anyone in the medical prof es­ sion who cared to make use of it. The Library Committee urged that ties with the library of the Sur eon-General's Office in Washington, D.C. be strengthened, especially in the matter of further subscription support for Dr. John Shaw Billings' very useful Index Medicus. This action was in part prompted by cor­ respondence with Dr. Billings, but also 32 because the Library Committee recognized how useful access to a larger, more extensive medical library collection would be for the School's needs. An early example of in­ terlibrary loan is cited in October, 1894, when it was noted by the Committee that: "The librarian was authorized to draw books from the Surgeon-General's library at Washington under the rules laid down by that library." The Medical Library's collection con­ tinued to grow even to the point that in 1895 it engaged in a cooperative program to ex­ change duplicate books and journal files with other libraries. It was also in 1895 that the Library was registered. by the ew York Board of Regents, as the edical Department Library of the University of the State of ew York. From the outset, however, problems with appropria lions from external bodies seem to have been part of life, as a report from the Library Committee in December of 1895 indicates. This report shows, too, that, in terms of the currency of the time, the Library was increasing its operating budget: "Dr. Mann reported that the college library was now placed on the Regents list, but that owing to some misunderstanding it had only receiv­ ed $100 from the Regents' Appropriation, and he urged the necessity of making ap­ propriations in definite sums for the college library at the beginning of the fiscal year as the moneys spent at different times during the past year amounted to over $600." After Ms. Sheldon left in 1894, the position of "librarian" remained vacant until 1900 when a Ms. Harriet Staff eldt was hired as an "assistant in the library." During this period the yearly appropriations voted by the f acuity for library use ranged between $400-$500, and we also find Dr. Mann requesting: "Some provisions be made for more bookcase room in the library." By 1902 this request had developed into one for a new addition to the Library. The new addition granted was a space of an ad­ ditional two rooms on the first floor of the High Street building. By January, 1903 these were completely refurbished with new floors, and wall cases and tables from the Main Library. All of this growth went without a hitch, except that Dr. Mann had to approach the faculty again for an extra 550 to complete the furnishings of the new library rooms. He got it. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Dr. Mann, having done yeoman work as head of the Library Committee to bring the collection and the physical facilities of the Library to a very commendable stage in their development, left his position as Chairman of the Library Committee, to be replaced by Dr. Irving Phillips Lyon, who is also occasionally listed in the Annual Announcement as "Librarian." This is the first instance in which the Chairman of the Library Committee is specifically so designated, but in fact it would appear that no professionally trained librarian had, to this point, ever had a hand in the Medical Library's development in any long term sense. The individuals cited as working in the Medical Library (and mentioned in the An­ nual Announcement as "the regular college librarian" or "a competent librarian in daily attendance"), having been merely assistants to the head of the Library Committee, who acted as "Librarian," had not undergone the type of library training which would have made them professional librarians in the modern sense. These remarks are in no way meant to impugn the competence of these in­ dividuals in terms of their work in the Medical Library, but only point out that at this time (ca. 1900) professionally trained librarians were rare commodities, and formal library training was, if not in its infancy, just beginning to walk upright. In 1905 the person with the longest connec­ tion with the edical Library, first in the role of "assistant librarian" and later of "librarian," Ms. Grace Persch, was hired. About June, 1905 Dr. Lyon recommended that Ms. Persch be sent to Chautauqua, at the School's expense, for a six-week course in library work. Upon her return Ms. Persch entered into her work as "assistant librarian ' and stayed with the Medical School until 1936, having been appointed full "Librarian" in 1918. It is not recorded what Ms. Persch's starting salary was, but in February, 1912 she took the probably quite courageous step of sending a communication to the faculty ask­ ing that her salary be increased to $12 per week. The secretary records in the minutes of that meeting that: "After considerable (my italics) discussion it was moved and carried that she be granted the raise." Ms. Persch. it appears, was nothing if not resourceful. This is shown by the fact that in 1913 she again solicited the faculty, this time FALL, 1982 for permission to sell textbooks to the that con­ students. Again it is recorded siderable discussion ensued, and "several plans were proposed.'' Dr. Williams believed that the School should share in whatever profits were made. In the end, however, Dr. Stockton moved that Ms. Persch be granted the privilege asked for, and this was carried out. A well-deserved victory for the hardworking and long-suffering Ms. Persch. Having joined such organizations as the Association of edical Librarians, and the American Bibliographic Society, the Medical School found itself more and more called upon to engage in library-related activities outside the bounds of its own walls, or beyond the exigencies of its own needs. One of these activities was helping to build up a basic collection of books for a new medical library recently established in San Francisco, which in the first decade of the 20th century was still a developing city needing to call upon the East for help in such matters. Ors. Park and Stockton suggested a plan whereby books for this worthy cause would be received into the Medical Library at Buffalo by soliciting every regular physician in the area. The material would then be processed and packed for transhiprnent to San Francisco. o doubt the burden of this task fell upon Ms. Persch, as did the job of drawing up the list of current journals held by the Library "(to) be mailed to all members of the profession.'' It is not clear if this statement means in Buffalo or nationwide. Either way s. Persch deserved her raise! Internally the edical Library was having the usual number and variety of day-to-day problems, though some perhaps were more peculiar to a library in a medical school. For example, much time and effort, and finally some money, was spent on curing the problem of keeping fumes from the chemistry room out of the Library. Other problems ranged from how to get more window light on the side of the Library on which the German American Brewing Company was contemplating building a high brick wall, (in the end this was never put up), to who should pay expressage on books ordered from the Surgeon-General's Library. (It was decided that the individual orderin the material should pay.). To anyone in the contemporary library world who thinks that the mutilating of library books is an outcome of present day un33 d- �disciplined youth brought up in a throw-away society, the following difficulty which the Medical Library was undergoing in 1915 may provide a more balanced perspective: At the Library Committee meeting of January 4, 1915, the matter of mutilation and of cutting out articles from journals and books was thoroughly discuss­ ed. Dr. Lyon recommended that a notice be posted in the library, the following notice being submitted for posting: 'Any student detected in mutilating or clipping any jour­ nal or book contained in the library will be summarily expelled from the School without redress. Any others will be refused all further use of the library, and will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law.' This notice was posted, but it is not reported what effect it had on the problem. Other "library material" which perhaps was not as readily and illegally appropriated, but which in any event was available for cir­ culation, was that provided from the Medical Library's early involvement in the area of loaning out resource materials for study, that is, bones. As reported in the Annual An­ nouncement during the period 1908-1910: "A complete bone library is available for the students' use. This is located in the college library and may be made use of in the same manner as are the books.(?) Bones are also provided for home study and are loaned to any student who makes a deposit for their return." Eventually this interesting collection moved itself to the Anatomy Department and was loaned out from there. In the early years of the 20th century the Medical Library's collection grew through in­ creased appropriations and through the dona­ tion of the libraries of various individuals from the Buffalo medical community, and deceased members of the medical teaching faculty. The White. the Burwell, and the Miner collections have already been men­ tioned. It was about this time (ca. 1910) that Abraham Flexner gave the Buffalo Medical Library high marks in his oft-cited report on medical education in the U.S. and Canada. He 34 was only luke warm about the medical school per se; but teaching techniques have progressed in medical education, both in Buf­ falo and nationwide since 1910. In the second decade of the 20th century the Medical School was the recipient of the library of Dr. Roswell Park who died in 1914. As this was a rather extensive collection, and as various stipulations were attached, a cer­ tain amount of planning had to be done related to receiving it. On February 24, 1914 the following letter was sent to the Dean of the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo by Dr. Park's son, Mr. Julian Park: y Dear Dr. Williams: It has always been the intention and desire of my father that his Medical Library should be given to the University of Buffalo at his death. This collection is to be carefully kept and known as the Roswell Park Library. I am therefore offering it to you as such, in the hope that you will be able to accept it and care for the same. That is to say that this Library is to be kept in separate and suitable cases, marked as above indicated. If you will signify your willingness to take this, we will arrange re­ garding the removal of the same. Yours very truly, Mr. Julian Park This offer elicited much discussion in the Library Committee, and in the faculty as a whole. It was decided to empty the room used as a periodicals room and to make this room available for Dr. Park's library. The work of the Park bequest was com­ pleted by 1916, and the Medical School's an­ nual catalog for that year announced: The private medical library of the late Roswell Park, for many years Professor of Surgery, is installed in a special room. This valuable collection of books, journals and reprints, numbering several thou­ sand was generously bequeathed to the College by the terms of Dr. Park's will, and is at the disposal of students and alumni, and of the medical profession of the city, for study and reference. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �In 1918-19 closer links were developed between the Medical Library and the Grosvenor Library, which was a fairly 1arge research library located near the Medical School's High Street building. This was to be done through a program of sharing the burden of acquiring journals relevant to the study of medicine. A cooperative relationship between the two institutions existed at many levels. For ex­ ample a recommendation coming out of the interaction at this time, "that the libraries consult each other before ordering a new periodical or (a) book of the more expensive kind" was honored. In fact the relationship remained close even after the Grosvenor Library became a division of the Buffalo and Erie County Library System. And it was in 1961/62 that the full medical collection of the Grosvenor was amalgamated with the collec­ tion of the Medical Library of the University of Buffalo. The early cooperation between the Grosvenor Library and the University of Buf­ falo Medical School has thus resulted in a useful contribution to the growth of the Medical Library collection. The 1930s and the 1940s were relatively un­ eventful decades for the Medical Library, if not for the world in general. Growth in terms of bound volumes and other materials con­ tinued, of course. At the beginning of this period the University of Buffalo Medical Department's Annual Announcement for 1931/32 states: The Library located at 24 High Street contains more than 22,000 bound volumes, including reference works, periodicals, transactions and reports and about 51,000 unbound pamphlets. Its facilities are available to students and to members of the Medical Profession in Buffalo and vacinity. In 1936, after 31 years of faithful service, Ms. Persch retired. Her monetary rewards had by that time risen to well over $2,000 per annum, and she had, in the latter part of her career, been given aid in the form of various "assistant librarians." The Library's operatin budget, too, had increased dramatically in the 31 years of Ms. Persch's tenure from the 500 or $600 per year available in 1905 to $5,000 or $6000+ avaHable in the late 1930s. FALL, 1982 It was during the decade of the 1940s that the Medical Library changed its status to that of the Medical/Dental Library when in 1944 the essential books from the Dental Library collection were moved into the Medical Library on High Street. Space considerations prevented the full Dental collection from be­ ing amalgamated at that time, but the remainder of the collection was stored until such time as a new building would be ready for the relocation of the full Medical/Dental collection. By the end of the decade of the 1940s the medical/dental collection had grown to about 34,000 bound volumes and some 55,000 un­ bound pamphlets. It was at this time (i.e. 1950/51/52) that the collection was reclassified and recataloged under the Library of Congress system. The plan was to have the work done ready for the move from High Street to the Library's new quarters in Capen Hall on the University's ain Street Campus. This move took place in 1953. With the integration of the Biology, Phar­ macy and ursing collections in March, 1961 the Medical/Dental Library became the Health Sciences Library. The decades of the 1950s and 1960s were difficult years for the newly-established Health Sciences Library. The staff did what it could with a bad situation, and while "users of the Health Sciences Library are amiable, . . . their patience is rapidly wearing thin through the overcrowding in the Reading Room and stacks," so stated the Director in one of his Annual Reports at the time. The official view of the state of the Health Sciences Library during this period can be best given by quoting again from the Annual Report of the Director of Libraries to the University President during the middle years of the 1960s decade: The Health Sciences Library with a collection of 70,000 volumes falls below the standards of 100,000 volumes for libraries to support a comprehensive Bio-Medical research program. However, our library surpasses the standards of 1,200 to 1,500 suggested as adequate for periodicals subscriptions: we have 1,701. 35 d- �Also the Library's reference service is showing much improvement, according to the Director. And the Library is moving ahead with the times by acquiring a photo-copying machine, making material easier to lend to local hospitals. However, the Director still feels constrained to mention again and again in his reports the inadequate physical facilities provided for the Library in Capen Hall. When the present Librarian, Mr. C.K. Huang, took over in July, 1970, many of the problems related to the Library's physical facilities in Capen Hall were still to be solved. evertheless, at the start of the decade of the 1970s the Health Sciences Library contained about 100,000 bound volumes, and was receiv­ ing more than 3,000 periodicals. By the early years of the decade it had established links, through the SU Y Bio-Medical Com­ munications etwork, with other medical collections in New York State. It had also in­ creased its usage of the National Library of edicine through interlibrary loan, and had begun to speed up these activities through agreements with other regional networks and through the use of teletype and computer terminals. Despite the fact that the new Librarian had to report cutbacks in operating funds and freezes in hiring imposed by the State in 1972 and 1973, he was also able to point out that, while shortage-of-space problems were an ever-present fact of life in the Capen Hall facility, the Heal th Sciences Library "had maintained its status as the heaviest user among the 22 participating institutions of the SU Y Bio-Medical Communications etwork." The Library had also increased its attendance count by 22%, and its ILL requests by some 46%. It was, however, with no small sigh of relief that the Health Sciences Library was able to vacate its cramped quarters in Capen Hall, partly as a result of a strong recommen­ dation of the AAMC accreditation visit in 1972, and move to its present quarters in the 36 Stockton Kimball Tower in July, 1974. Here facilities, while not ideal, provide more space in which to expand and continue the growth areas already started on. Among these are the audiovisual section, a media resources center for medical students, and a History of Medicine collection, which presently has about 10,000 volumes of rare and valuable medical books. In the area of modern library technology, in addition to the innovations already mentioned, the library also has access to the MEDLINE network and the TOXLI E network via on-line computer information retrieval systems for searching over 3,000 international health science jour­ nals. Other more recent data bases now available are CancerLit and BIOSIS. The Library is also a resource library as part of the medical library program of ew York and New Jersey. From its modest beginnings in 1846 to its present position in the 1980s, the Medical Library/Health Sciences Library has grown to be a leading medical resource facility in New York State and in the U.S. It has by no means solved all of the problems related to running such a facility, be they space problems, per­ sonnel problems, collection building problems, problems of interlibrary loan or, the most persistent of all, fiscal problems. But it has emerged through the many tribulations and commendations outlined here to be a leader in the field of medical librarianship. In its immediate future, the Health Sciences Library looks forward to the comple­ tion of the renovation of the Main Street Cam­ pus, where in a spacious, well-planned, free­ standing library building it can continue the tradition started in 1846 at the corner of Washington and Seneca in downtown Buffalo, and add to its stature as one of the leading Health Sciences library facilities in the United States. □ THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �He was not feeling well. As he began to collapse, his training in emergency medicine prompted him to remain calm. That's how orman Kolb recalled his first heart attack some weeks back and the subsequent surgery that enables him to walk two miles a day and to be among a small group of patients lo survive acute shock from a heart attack and subsequent emergency surgery. He was transferred to the Erie County Medical Center. Here, insertion of an intra-aortic balloon catheter reduced the strain on his severely damaged heart. Still, cardiologist eil Dashkoff, assis­ tant professor of medicine, was uncertain whether his patient would survive. Mrs. Diane Kolb recalls the numerous warnings over the next ten days. "It was touch and go," she said. The cardiac angiograms pointed to a large portion of the heart muscle no longer func­ tioning. That, Dr. Dashkoff said, impaired the function of the remaining normal heart muscle. Mrs. Kolb remembers the call Saturday for permission to proceed with surgery. The odds, she said, were not good. "There were so many times when he could have died. I just knew he would make it," she said. Over the next few hours, the surgical team of Drs. S. Subrama­ nian and Murray Andersen, professors of medicine, removed the portion of heart muscle not functioning and reattached the remainder. "Against all odds," Mrs. Kolb recalls, " orman was still with us." Three days after surgery, the intra-aortic balloon catheter was removed. Soon after, the patient was weaned off the ventilator, then transferred from intensive care to the cardiac rehabilitation unit. Before long, he was averaging 1000 paces a day in the hospital corridors. How did he feel a week after surgery? "Never better," Mr. Kolb said. " o pain, no shortness of breath. Just great." Mak­ ing a difference in his quality of life at the medical center were the nursing and house staff. The day of his heart attack was the day Mr. Kolb was promoted to a more demanding job. It was one filled with stress. Today, a typical day for Mr. Kolb includes assisting his wife in her small bridal shop. And there are plans for fishing and travel. "Thanks to my medical care, I have a future," he said. □ Heart Muscle Surgery Cancer Seminars Oct. 7-8, "Cancer in the Elderly - An Inter­ disciplinary Perspective"; Chairperson: Dr. Evan Calkins Oct. 8-9, "Annual Meeting of the ew York State Cancer Programs Association." Oct. 14, "Symposium on Dentistry and Cancer"; Chairperson: Dr. Norman Schaaf. Oct. 21, "Computers in Medical Practice"; Chairperson: Fil E. Vanvoris, MBA, MA. FALL, 1982 ov. 4, "Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Therapy"; Chairperson: Dr. Ronald Vin­ cent. Issues in ov. 18, "Contemporary Osteoporosis"; Chairperson: Dr. Julian L. Ambrus. Dec. 9, "Comprehensive Care of the Ad­ vanced Cancer Patient"; Chairperson: Dr. Edward Bockstahler. 37 �Dues Paying Alumni, 1982 (calendar year, June 1, 1981 to May 31, 1982 inclusive) A special thanks to the dues-paying medical alumni listed here. And to the nine reunion classes -1932, 1937, 1942, 1947, 1952, 1957, 1962, 1967, 1972 - who contributed $45,000 to the Medical School. All of us at the School of Medicine appreciate your support and participation. Bradley Hull Russell S. Kidder Abraham S. Lenzner Daniel J. McCue James L. McGrane John J. O'Brien Allen A. Pierce Roman Shubert Anthony J. Virgo Philip 8. Weis 194Z 1936 Murray A. Bratt arion J, Chimera Elmer Friedland Frank G. Leone Harold Levy W. Reese Lewis Hugh J. McGee Robert R. orthrup Benjamin E. Obletz Bronislaus S. Olszewski Harvey C. Slocum Joseph M. Smolev Arthur W. Strom Myrtle W. Vincent arvin L. Amdur Richard C. Batt Paul A. Burgeson Alfred Cherry John P. Crosby Edward G. Eschner Willard G. Fischer Jerome J. Glauber Avrom M. Greenberg Irving Helfert Frank C. Hoak Eli A. Leven William F. Lipp 1937 1933 Wilfrid M. Anna Henn· Haines J. Cu~ti Hellriegel Joseph W. Hewett Thomas C. Hobbie Ernest G. Homokay Franklyn A. Huber Louis Kolbrenner Murray A. Yost 1934 J. Edwin Alford John V. Anderson Alfred L. George John C. Kinzly Harry G. Laforge Charles E. May John D. O'Connor Earle G. Ridall Myron G. Rosenbaum Edgar A. Slotkin Max B. Weiner 1935 Wendell R. Ames John F. Argue Willard H. Bernhoft Russell F. Brace Raymond H. Bunshaw Benjamin Coleman Kenneth H. Eckhert Victor B. Lampka Bennie Mecklin Charles E. Moran Daniel D. Peschio Clayton G. Weig George S. Young Albert J. Addesa Richard Ament Horace L. Battaglia Charles A. Bauda Vincent S. Cotroneo George L. Eckhert Harrison M. Karp Boris L. Marmolya Richard Milazzo Vincent J. Parlante John D. Persse William J. Staubitz Leon Yochelson 1939 193Z Kenneth M. Alford John Ambrusko William L. Ball Charles F. Banas Richard M. Block Francis E. Ehret Theodore C. Flemming Soll Goodman Stanley J. Jackson George F. Koepf Edwin Kriedemann Ro e . Lenahan Robert W, Lipsett Alice C. Lograsso James D. Maccallum M. Luther 1usselman Leon M. Roe Irving Weiner David H. Weintraub William F. White Charles J. Woeppel 1938 Charles F. Becker Russell J. Catalano George M. Cooper orman J. Foil Chester J. Kaminski Samuel L. Lieberman Alfred A. Mitchell H. Robert Oehler Eustace G. Phillies Maxwell Rosenblatt Clarence A. Straubinger Walter L. Sydoriak Richard . Terry 38 Russell . Battaglia Grosvenor W. Bissell La Moyne C. Bleich Ruth C. Burton Milton V. Caldwell Llovd A. Clarke Alf~ed H. Dobrak William Dugan Matt A. Gajewski John H. Geekier Kenneth Goldstein Harold M. Harris Henry V. Morelewicz Elizabeth P. Olmsted A. V. Postoloff Frank T. Riforgiato Roy E. Seibel John J. Squadrito Robert E. Storms Everett H. Wesp Marvin N. Winer 1943 1940 Julian J. Ascher Edward R. Cannon arshall Clinton Herbert H. Eccleston William Hildebrand Evan W. Molyneaux Warren R. Montgomery Thomas F. Prestel Ru sell E. Reitz Albert C. Rekate orbert J. Roberts Robert H. Roehl C. Henry Severson Allan W. Siegner Louis A. Trippe William 0. Umiker Stanley T. Urban John D. White 1941 S. Yale Andelman Joseph T. Aquilina Berten C. Bean Anthony J. Cooper Robert W. Edmonds George A, Gentner Pasquale A. Greco Donald W. Hall Eugene j. Hanavan Ralph T. Behling Marvin L. Bloom Richard J. Buckley Ivan L. Bunnell Peter A. Casagrande Robert J. Collins John M. Donohue Alfred S. Evans L. Walter Fix Thomas L. Grayson Stewart L. Griggs Thomas R. Humphrey Richard J. Jones Ruth F. Krauss Melbourne H. Lent Anthony J. Marano Ronald E. Martin Randolph J. cConnie Franklin Meyer Robert W. Moyce John C. info Walter R. Petersen Charles C. Richards Joseph J. Ricotta Gene D. Sherrill Alexander Slepian Gertrude S. Swarthout Ralph E. Smith Charles J. Tanner Hazel J. Trefts Louis A. Trovato Morris Unher Joseph A. Valvo La Verne G. Wagner John R. Williams Paul J. Wolfgruber THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �1944 Anthony M. Aquilina Willard H. Boardman Raymond G. Bondi Clifford F. Bramer Robert L. Brown Eileen L. Edelberg Herman Edelberg Richard W. Egan ewland Fountain Thomas F. Frawley Frank T. Frost Andrew A. Gage Irwin A. Ginsberg Harold P. Graser Raymond A. Hudson Sidney R. Kennedy Frank H. Long James E. Macaluso Francis C. Marchetta James Mezen Casimir F. Pietraszek Joseph Ross Sidney M. Schaer Carrol J. Shaver Walter F. Stafford Clinton H. Strong James R. Sullivan Paul Weygandt 1945 Richard H. Adler William S. Andalora Bruce F. Baisch orman Chassin Geor e . Ellis Edward G. Forgrave George W. Fugitt Arthur Grabau Richard . Greenwald Ivan W. Kuhl Vito P. Laglia Victor C. Lazarus William D. Loeser H. Paul Longstreth William clntosh Stuart J. Miller John K. Quinlivan John G. Robinson William J. Rogers Albert J. Rosso K. Joseph Sheedy Jacob M. Steinhart Joseph D. Tannenhaus Wayne C. Templer George Thorngate TV Gilbert B. Tybring Charles E. Wiles Jane B. Wiles 1946 Charles D. Bayer Donato J. Carbone Alexander R. Cowper John T. Crissey Lawrence H. Golden FALL, 1982 Edward F. Gudgel Ross Imburgia Annabel M. Irons Charles A. Joy Harold Levy Eugene M. Marks Harry Petzing Amo J. Piccoli Herbert S. Pirson Albert G. Rowe Henry M. Tardif Paul M. Walczak 1947 Bruce Babcock William C. Baker Edward S. Breakell William M. Bukowski teven Cline Daniel E. Curtin Robert J. Dean William S. Edgecomb Robert J. Enrenreich Col. Henry S. Gardner Elbert Hubbard III Peter J. Julian Hans F. Kipping Jack Lippes Richard J. Marchand David H. Nichols Donald C. 1 uwer Harold Pescovitz James F. Phillips Phillip L. Reitz Jr. Daniel J. Riordan Arthur J. Schaefer John 8. Sheffer James F. Stagg Joseph C. Todoro Jerome I. Tokars John H. Waite Victor C. Welch Frederick D. Whiting Robert H. Wildhack 1948 Col. James G. Borman Raphael S. Good Myron Gordon H~rold L. Graff Warren H. Hanson \, arren L. Hollis Judith L. Landau Vernon C. Lubs John J. Marinaccio Ansel R. Marlin Daniel G. filler orman inde Darwin D. Moore Cletus J. Regan Lester H. Schiff Edgar C. Smith Irwin Solomon Rebecca G. Solomon Edward R. Stone Jasper L. Van Avery Paul Weinberg s. Paul Zola 1949 Carmelo S. Armenia J. Bradley Aust Alfred Berl Harold Bernhard Lawrence M. Carden Julia M. Cullen Philip C. Dennen Joseph E. Griffin Irving Lang Arthur Mogerman Jacqueline L. Paroski Frank A. Pfalzer Robert D. Sanford Max A. Schneider Fred Shalwitz Irma M. Waldo Pierce Weinstein James A. Werick Charles J. Wolfe 1950 Roland Anthone Sidney Anthone Robert E. Bergner James J. Brandl Charles Brody Carl A. Cecilia Frank Chambers Anthony Conte Adelmo P. Dunghe Carmen D. Gelormini Robert . Kling Richard J. Leberer Karl L. Manders Patricia A. Meyer Robert J. Patterson Henry L. Pech Jr. Roy W. Robinson Clarence E. Sanford Vincent Scamurra Helen F. Sikorski Yale Solomon George E. Taylor Hyman Tetewsky Edward C. Voss Jr. Gertrude L. Waite Anne A. Wasson William S. Webster Sidney B. Weinberg 1951 Jay B. Belsky Carl R. Conrad Leonard S. Danzig Harvey D. Davis Allen L. Goldfarb Ludwig R. Koukal Harold P. Krueger Eugene V. Leslie Thomas J. Murphy John L. Musser Daniel A. Phillips Marvin J. Pleskow Robert E. Ploss Robert L. Secrist 39 Edward Shanbrom Bernard Smolens James W. Weigel 1952 Donald J. Adams John J. Banas Robert A. Baumler Alvin J. Brown Bruce F. Connell Barbara G. Corley Bernie P. Davis Donald F. Dohn eal W. Fuhr Albert A. Gartner Jr. Joseph E. Genewich Donald J. Kelley Melvin R. Krohn Milton C. Lapp Alfred Lazarus Eugene W. Loeser Jr. Colin C. MacLeod Ralph M. Ohler Victor A. Panaro John Y. Ranchoff Harry Richards Travers Robbins James . Schmitt Byron E. Sheesley S. Aaron Simpson Donald H. Sprecker Burton Stulberg James lrme Szabo Roy J. Thurn S. Jefferson Underwood Kurt J. Wegner Charlotte C. Weiss James F. Zeller 1953 George G. Bertino Stanley L. Cohen Thomas Comerford Jr. Felix A. Delerme Donald L. Ehrenreich Sander H. Fogel Jack Gold John W. Handel Curtis C. Johnson Herbert E. Lee Edmund A. Mackey Milford C. Maloney Robert E. aynard Richard J. agel James Orr Molly Panner Seidenberg Bertram A. Portin Donald 0. Rachow Joseph F. Ruh Howard C. Smith Harold Smulyan Robert S. Sobocinski John . Strachan Michael A. Sullivan Reinhold A. Ullrich d- �1954 Eugene L. Beltrami Joseph L. Campo icholas C. Carosella Louis C. Cloutier John L. Conboy Robert D. Foley Byron A. Genner III Robert W. Haines Florence M. Hanson William J. Howard Eugene C. Hyzy William R. Kinkel Allen L. Lesswing ylvia G. Lizlovs Charles H. Marino Ernest H. Meese Donald J. Murray . Allen orman Walter A. Olszewski Robert J. Pleiman Robert J. Powalski Edward A. Rayhill Edwin B. Tomaka Marlyn Voss Paul L. Weinmann Donald M. Wilson 1955 Vincent S. Celestino James R. Collins Louis R. Conti James M. Garvey Frank J. Gazzo ichael J. Gianturco Cleora K. Handel Sarni A. Hashim Sylvan H. Horwald Kathryn Keicher John H. Kent Edward H. Kopf S. Joseph Lamancusa Winifred G. Mernan George L. Mye Leonard R. Schaer Anthony B. Schiavi Ray G. Schiferle Robert A. Smith James G. Stengel Barbara Von Schmidt Eugene B. Whitney John A. Winter Donald A. Wormer 1956 M. David Ben-Asher Helen Buerger Robert 8. Corretore Edmond J. Gicewicz Peter F. Goergen Frederick P. Goldstein Oliver P. Jones Joseph L. Kunz Fred Lee Thoma Luparello Sue A. Mccutcheon Robert G. McIntosh Frederick C. uessle Paul C. Ronca Bernard H. Sklar Herbert Tanney 1957 Arthur L. Beck Jr. Bronson M. Berghorn Germante Boncaldo John R. Bongiovanni Philip A. Brunell Robert E. Carpenter Harold C. Castilone Benny Celniker Frank J. Chafe] John K. Cusick Marvin N. Eisenberg Gerald Friedman Myron Carsen tein Lorie A. Gulino Barbara H. Hetzer Harris H. Kane) Charles E. Lowe Ross Markello ol Messinger Herbert Meisch Richard F. Miller Charles F. O'Connor John S. Parker Herbert Silver Robert Su man Bernard D. Wakefield Edward /. Weisenheimer Sherman Woldman 1958 Edward C. Ale si Elroy E. Anderson fohn V. Armenia ranklyn . Campagna Dominick Cultrara Robert C. Dickson Frederick W. Dischinger Domonic F. Falsetti Eugene A. Friedberg John J. Giardino William Glazier John F. Holcomb Leo A. Kane arie L. Kunz Michael A. Mazza Robert J. Perez Lucien A. Potenza Richard A. Rahner Elliott Rivo Richard R. Romanowski Samuel Shatkin Morton Spivack Alfred M. Stein Richard D. Wasson Morton 8. Weinber Reinhardt W. Wende James S. Williams Franklin Zeplowitz Harold B. Zimmerman 40 1959 George R. Baeumler Mary Ann Bishara Robert J. Brennen Robert A. Brenner Donald L. Cohen James Doyle Richard Falls Joseph A. Ferlisi eymour D. Grauer Logan A. Griffin Morton H. Heafitz John W. Kostecki William J. Mangan Joseph F. Monte Julius V. Rasinski Jr. Elton M. Rock Russell C. Spoto 1960 William E. Abramson Joseph G. Antkowiak Robert Bernot Joseph A. Chazan Roger S. Dayer Gerard J. Diesfeld Edward J. Graber Thomas J. Guttuso John H. Harrington James R. Kanski, Jr. Harris M. Kenner Francis J. Klocke Harry L. Metcalf Harry H. akata Daniel A. Rakowski Eugene P. Rivera Gerald L. Saks Robert H. Sauer Marvin Shapiro John A. Tuyn 1961 Joel M. Bernstein Harold Brody Carlo E. Desantis Allan S. Disraeli Paul D. French Henry F. Goller Richard C. Hatch William J. Hewett orman Hornung James R. Markello Brenton H. Penwarden Saar A. Porrath Paul T. Schnatz Arthur T. Skarin Ronald H. Usiak Howard C. Wilinsky Robert Winters 1962 Charles G. Adams artin Cowan Sebastian Fasanello Jack C. Fisher Anthony J. Floccare Joseph R. Gerbasi Jame E. Graber Joseph W. Hanss Jr. Mark P. Heilbrun John L. Kiley Paul J. Loree Arnold . Lubin Michael M. Madden Anthony P. Markello Philip D. Morey Robert G. ey Alan L. Pohl Bernard Polatsch William P. Scherer III Melvin J. Steinhart Anthony C. Trippi George R. Tzetzo Philip I. Weisinger 1963 David S. Berger Max M. Bermann David T. Carboy Frank E. Ehrlich Ernest A. Falla Anthony Foti Donald A. Levine George . Lockie David 1. Malinov Richard B. arins Robert Post Henry A. Scheuermann Robert B. Spielman Eugene M. Sullivan Charles S. Tirone Jo eph C. Tutton John M. Wadsworth 1964 Walter A. Ceranski William A. Fleming George R. Glowacki Gerald B. Goldstein Arnold H. lsraelit David A. Leff Marilyn A. Lockwood Ronald S. Mukamal Lillian V. ey David E. Pittman John F. Reilly Sheldon Rothfleisch tephen C. Scheiber Elizabeth G. Serrage Irving Sterman David J. Weinstein Richard W. Williams Richard E. Wolin 1965 William H. Adler III John J. Bird William C. Bucher Joseph G. Cardamone Lance Fogan Jerald Giller Anthony V. Grisanti THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIAN �Ira Hinden Gary H. Jeffery Calvin Marantz R. Scott Scheer Robert . Schnitzler Daniel S. Schubert Robert W. Schultz Joel Steckelman Benjamin J. Wherley 1966 Sean R. Althaus Louis J. Antonucci Jared C. Barlow Robert Barone Thomas W. Bradley Bernard J. Feldman James D. Felsen C. Wayne Fisgus Kenneth Klementowski Jeffrey E. Lindenbaum Edward J. Reich Charles Rubin Roger W. Seibel Anthony B. Serfustini William L. Sperling John E. Spoor Murray A. Yost Jr. 1967 John R. Anderson Thomas Augustine Jr. Robert M. Benson orman Berkowitz Richard H. Daffner David R. Dantzker David J. Fugazzoto Douglas Gerstein James P. Giambrone John W. Gibbs Jr. Leon Hoffman Ronald P. Josephson Richard G. Judelsohn John P. Kelly Michael M. Kline Jacob . Kriteman Allwyn J. Levine John P. Menchini Donald E. Miller Dorothy M. Murray Laird C. Quenzler Steven Rinner Harvey A. Schwartz J. Brian Sheedy Thomas P. Sheehan Arthur C. Sosis George S. Starr James M. Strosberg Linda Young Richard Young 1968 William E. Clack Georfrey E. Clark Thomas J. Cumbo Lawrence J. Dobmeier FALL, 1982 Ronald J. Friedman Kenneth Jewel Richard F. Kaine Z. Micah Kaplan Gary D. Karch Julian R. Karelitz David Kramer Kenneth W. Matasar Jonathan C. Reynhout Robert D. Rodner Barbara Blase Sayres John E. Shields Jr. Morris Stambler Charles P. Yablonsky 1969 Joel B. Bowers James Cavalieri Lang M. Dayton Arthur De Angelis Carl J. Depaula Robert J. Gibson David F. Hayes Louis Hevizy Hanley M. Horwitz Russell G. Knapp Jr. Richard T. Milazzo James Patterson Douglas L. Roberts Thomas S. Scanlon Lester S. Sielski Ronald F. Teitler Harvey Weinberg Madeline J. White 1970 Ronald H. Blum Peter L. Citron Donald P. Copley Allen Davidoff Carl Ellison Eben Feinstein Charles A. Fischbein George D. Goldberg David S. Irwin Dennis J. Krauss Thomas V. Krulisky ichael L. Lippmann Bruce H. Littman John Rider Jerfrey S. Ross Robert M. Ungerer Harold . Vandersea Martin . Mango Denis G. Mazeika Joel H. Paull David Potts Kenneth Solomon Richard I. Staiman William C. Sternfeld llja J. Weinrieb John M. Wendell Bennett G. Zier 1972 Richard Berkson Harold B. Bob john ). D'Alessandro Robert Z. Fialkow Ian . Frankfort Allan G. Gasner Robert B. Kroopnick Stephen). Levine Robert H. Levitt urray A. orphy Philip C. oudy Dennis L. atale Karen A. Price Jame S. Rosokoff Stuart Rubin Arthur L. Siegel Stuart R. Toledano 1973 ancy L. Dunn Robert Fugitt Joseph M. Greco ichael A. Haberman Ralph R. Hallac Marie H. Heller Jeffrey P. Herman Sharon Kuritzky Paul Kuritzky Dana P. Launer John Lowenstein Arthur W. Mruczek Joseph M. Mylott Garsutis Palys Melvin Pratter John E. Przylucki Steven T. Pugh Jacob D. Rozbruch Barry Sanders Arnold W. Scherz Jonathan Wi e 1974 1971 Michael B. Baron Jerald A. Bovina icholas J. Capuana anny E. Christakos Kenneth J. Clark Jr. Terence . Clark Harvey Greenberg ark S. Handler David E. Hoffman coll D. Kirsch Stanley 8. Lewin Gordon L. Avery Daniel R. Beckman James L. Budny Elaine . Bukowski Alan G. Burstein John H. Clark Thomas Donohue Jockular B. Ford John F. Marra Isaiah Megget Kathleen W. Mylotte Lawrence Oufiero 41 Sanford R. Pleskow Dominick R. Prato John C. Rowlingson Elliott A. Schulman Roy E. Seibel Louise M. Stomierowski orbert Szymula 1975 Penny Asbell John Asheld David Bendich Coley Cassiano Marguerite Dynski Robert E. Fenzl Tone Johnson Charles atalizio Peter eumann Thomas Rosenthal Michael Rowland Sylvia Regalia Spavento tanley J. Szefler Michael Taxier 1976 Russell Bessette tephen Bien Sonia Burgher Michael Bye Adolfo Firpo Betancourt Timothy Gabryel Thomas Hadley hin Liang Walwin etzger Melvin Pohl Dennis R. Pyszczynski Geraldine K. Sledzieski Thomas Small John Wiles William Wood 1977 John E. Billi edra J. Harrison Michael S. Kressner Alan S. Kuritzky Jeffrey A. Mogerman Mark J. Polis Thomas A. Raab Carl ). Schmitt Janet Shalwitz Linda Smith Reginald 8. Stiles Russell Van Coevering Ronald A. Vidal 1978 Thomas R. Achtyl athaniel A. Barber Richard R. Curran Scott D. Goldstein Stephen E. Killian George E. Ruta John P. Scanlon d- �1979 Walter A. Balon Michael R. Cellino Terence L. Chorba Frederick A. Eames Steven . Elias Natale ). Gagliardi Andrea S. Gold uzanna L. Lin Bruce D. Rodgers Daniel H. Saltzman 1980 Wesley Blank Mark Gilbert Donna Jamieson Richard Lubell Lloyd D. Simon Ellen Tedaldi 1981 Stanley Bukowski Robert A. Jakubowski Fred C. 01 on Richard A. Smith Continuing Education September 24-25 "Primary Care of the Injured Hand", Buffalo Hilton, Program Director, Dr. Clayton Peimer, Assistant Professor of Orthopedics. October 1-2 " utrition", Center for Tomorrow, SU Y/AB, Amherst Campus, Program Director, Dr. Robert Cooper, Chairman and Associate Professor of Pharmacy. October 9 "The Role of the Primary Care Physician in Geriatric Medicine", Holiday Inn, Jamestown, Program Director, Dr. B. Rappole. October 21 "Computer Management For Office Medical Practice", Hilliboe Auditorium, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Program Directors, Fil Vanvoris, Adjunct Associate Professor, Center for Management Development and Dr. Robert Cerveny, Associate Professor of Management Information Systems. October 28-30 "Recent Advances in Pediatric Lung Diseases," Dr. Gerd J.A. Cropp; Hyatt Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. ovember 18 "Osteoporosis", Hilliboe Auditorium, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Program Directors, Dr. Clara Ambrus, Research Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Dr. Martin Wingate, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. □ Orthopaedic Scientific Day 10-Game Grid Slate Includes Buffalo State The U/B Bulls will play a 10game football schedule next fall. Sept. 11 - at Cortland State College; Sept. 18 - at Baldwin-Wallace College ( ) ; ept. 25 - U IVERSITY OF ROCHESTER; Oct. 2 BUFFALO STATE COLLEGE; Oct. 9 - at Canisius College; Oct. 16 - ITHACA COLLEGE; Oct. 23 - BROCKPORT STATE COLLEGE; Oct. 30 ORWICH U IVERSITY; ov. 6 - at Albany State University; ov. 13 - at Alfred University. Home games are in caps. □ The 11th Annual University Orthopaedic Residents Scientific Day was held ay 20, at the Erie County Medical Center. Dr. C. McCollister Evarts, Dorris H. Carlson, Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, was the Visiting Professor and delivered the 7th Annual David M. Richards, M.D. Memorial Lecture which was titled "Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Congenital Hip Dysplasia." Six Orthopaedic Residents presented scientific thesis paper : J. David Bannon, M.D. - "Capito Hamate Fusion for Kien­ bocks Disease." Roman B. Cham, M.D. - "Absorbable vs. on-absorbable Suture in the Microneural Repair of Sciatic er es in Rats." aury Harris, M.D. - "Review of Base of the eek Osteotomy for Slipped Capital Femoral Ephiphysis." John C. Haumesser, M.D. - "Traction Radiograph of the Hip: A Review of its Use in the Evaluation of Pediatric Hip Pathology." Ramdev Mudiyam, M.D. - "Review of Surf ace Hip Replace­ ment Arthroplasty." ario D. Santilli, M.D. "The Use of Polytetronflouroethelyne in Ligamentous Reconstruction of the Knee: A Preliminary Report." □ 42 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �During the summer, 23 first and second year medical students were introduced to primary care. Six of the students were in Jamestown, ew York, while the others were in hospitals, health clinics and physicians' offices in Buffalo and several other cities in the state. The Medical Education Community Orientation (MECO) Program, sponsored by the American Medical Student Associa­ tion, is in its fifth year. Two students (Richard Jackson, 3rd year; Erike Swanson, 4th year) directed the program. Most of the students were on six week stipends, while several worked for seven or eight weeks. Among the contributors were - the Annual Participating Fund for Medical Education (APFME), ew York State Academy of Family Physicians, Lamb Foundation, Jeffrey Fell, Gebbie Foundation, Buffalo Academy of Medicine, Medical Societ of Erie County, and Cornell Foundation. There were also several private con­ tributors. The 17 physicians participated voluntarily. The students participating in the MECO program are: Jamie Hibit, Younghee Limb, Doug Jackson, Melinda Cameron, Suzanne Meyers, John Fisch, R. James Koness, Kristin Brodie, Louis Kovoussi, Mark Antos, Michelle Stram-Foltin, John Fitzgerald, Mitchell Karmel, James Fink, Michael Pond, Andrew Schneider, Richard Jackson, Sharon Alger, Madeline Lalia, Am Schueckler, Raymond Chan, Douglas Floccare, Tim Dahlgren, and Paul Bergstrand. The preceptors from WCA Hospital in Jamestown are: Ors. Wiecha, Bert Rappole, James Bumbalo, M'62, William Ellis, George Lewis, and Heverly; Barry i<line, Buffalo V.A. Hospital; Lutinski, Plattsburg; James Dunlop, M'69, Grand Island; Frederick Occhino, orth Collins; James Rafferty, Roswell Park Memorial Institute; John Conboy, M'54, Kenmore; S. oyes, Erie County edical Center; James Stover, Saranac Lake; T. Franpz; Paul Buerger, '49, Lockport; and Donald Robinson, M'74, Hamburg. □ MECO Program Cancer Programs October 8, 9, 1982 Annual Meeting of the ew York State Cancer Programs Association Career Opportunities "You Can Make It If You Try" was the theme of the program "Career Opportunities in Medicine for Minorities. The one-day program was co-sponsored by the Student ational Medical Association and the Office of Medical Education. Dean John aughton and Dr. aggie S. Wright, assistant dean for student affairs, introduced the program. Dr. James 8. McDaniel Jr., clinical assistant professor of Gyn/Ob, spoke to the 22 potential medical students about "Health Care eeds for the Poor and Underserved in Buffalo and Western ew York." "A Place for You in Health Sciences" was the topic of Dr. Lester Smith, clinical associate professor of medicine and director of the Center for the Aging. The U/8 student participants: Margaret Kadree, Dawn Mellish, Kim Woods, Linda-Jo Saunders, Fitzroy Dawkins, David Kountz, John Diggs, elly Boggio, Carla Dixon and Lisa Hernandez. Eric Dobson was program coor­ dina tor.D FALL, 1982 43 Roswell Park Memorial Institute Buffalo, .Y. January 21 - 22, 1983 Cancer Control Research in the Cancer Center Holiday Inn Bethesda, Maryland For further information con­ tact: Curtis Mettlin, Program Coordinator, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm Street, Buffalo, ew York 14263, Telephone: 716-8454406. �People Dr. William professor of presented two Medical Center, R. Bartholomew, associate microbiology/pathology, lectures at Cedars-Sinai Los Angeles recently. □ Dr. Carl J. van Oss, professor of microbiology, lectured at the Central Laboratory of the etherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service in Amsterdam recently. He also represented U/B at the first Bioprocessing Science Working Group Meeting of the Universities Space Associa­ tion, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.O Dr. Ernst H. Beutner, professor of microbiology, lectured on "Immune Responses to Scratching" at the 3rd annual Dermatopathology Colloquim at Guy's Hospital, London recently. He also presented a paper at the 3rd International Conference on Psoriasis at Stanford University. Dr. Beutner also reported on "Stratum Corneum Antigens" at a conference in Cardiff, Wales. □ Dr. Russell J. isengard, professor of microbiology, addressed the Chilean Society of Periodontology in Santiago, Chile recently on "Clinical and Immunological Aspects of Inflammatory Periodontal Disease." □ Dr. Ambrose A. Macie, clinical assistant professor of Gyn/Ob, is chairman of the ew York Section 6, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Dr. Joseph J. Ricotta, M'43, is vice-chairman. □ Several alumni and faculty member have been elected as department chiefs for one year on the medical staff of Lockport Memorial Hospital. They are: Ors. John Bodkin, M'76, chief and clinical instructor in family medicine; Joseph Genewich, M'52, chief of medicine; Joseph Daly, clinical in­ structor and chief of Ob/Gyn; Albert Franco, M'55, chief of staff and clinical assistant profes or of radiology; Thomas Regan, M'48, vice chief of staff; and Wayne Fricke, M'66, chief of surgery. □ Dr. Jerome A. Roth, associate professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, has authored an article for Biochemistry magazine. □ 44 Dr. Josie Linn Olympia, clinical associate professor of psychiatry, is president of the Western ew York Psychiatric Society. She is also director of medical education at the Buf­ falo Psychiatric Society. She is also director of medical education at the Buffalo psychiatric center and assistant chief of the psychiatric service at the Veterans Administration Medical Center. President-elect is Dr. Murray Morphy, M'72, assistant professor of psy­ chiatry; secretary, Dr. John Wadsworth, M'63, clinical associate professor of psychiatry; treasurer, Dr. Victoria H. Besseghini, clinical assistant professor of psychiatry. □ Dr. Arnold I. Freeman, professor of pediatrics, received a $59,093 ational Cancer Institute grant for clinical studies of treatments of childhood cancer. He is at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. □ Dr. Carl W. Porter, research associate professor of pathology, received a $46,286 ational Institute grant for anti-cancer drug studies. He is in the experimental therapeutics department at Roswell Park. □ Dr. Joseph M. Bernstein, clinical assistant professor of otolarngology, has co-authored three scientific articles for publication in professional journals. The titles and journals are: "Are Immune Complexes a Factor in the Pathogenesis of Otitis Media with Effusion?", Am. J.Otolaryngol 3:20-25, 1982; "Chemotactic Activity in Middle Ear Effusions," Otolaryngol Head, eek Surg. 89:1007-1012, ov.-Dec., 1981. "The Role of IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity in Otitis Media with Ef­ fusion," Otolaryngol Head eek Surg. 89:874878, Sept.-Oct., 1981.D Dr. Enrico Mihich, research professor of pharmacology/therapeutics, received a $112,878 ational Cancer Institute grant. □ Two faculty members, Ors. Erwin eter and L.J. LaScolea, Jr., have co-authored an ar­ ticle for the Journal of Clinical Microbiology. Dr. LaScoleas is assistant professor of pediatrics/microbiology and Dr. eter is professor emeritus of pediatrics and microbiology. □ Three pediatric professors, Drs. Pea ray L. 0 ra. Marie Riepenhoff-Talth, and Philip K. Li, have co-authored a scientific article for the Journal of Medicine. □ THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Dr. John W. Georgitis, research assistant professor of pediatrics, was a panel partici­ pant at the American Academy of Allergy meetings in Montreal. He also co-authored an article for Annals of Allergy. □ Dr. Leonard J. LaScolea, assistant professor of pediatrics, spoke at the annual meeting, American Society for Microbiology in Atlanta recently. His topic: "Clinical Specimen Procurement and Transport." □ Dr. Huberto W. Prado, clinical instructor in psychiatry, is the new chief of out-patient services at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center. He will coordinate 50 treatment programs at 35 locations in the four counties served by the Center. He has been on the staff since 1971, most recently as chief of the Center's iagara­ Orleans unit. □ Dr. Dedenia D. Yap, clinical assistant professor of psychiatry, is the new chief of the Niagara-Orleans unit, Buffalo Psychiatric Center. □ Dr. Elliott Middleton Jr., professor of medicine/pediatrics, addressed the 38th an­ nual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy in Montreal recently. He also spoke on "Asthma, Calcium, and Calcium An­ tagonists" at the American Association of Cer­ tified Allergists. □ "Interrelationships Between Vitamin A and Iron Metabolism" was the topic of a nutri­ tion lecture given by Dr. Robert E. Hodges, professor of medicine/biochemistry, Univer­ sity of ebraska Medical Center, Omaha. □ The Buffalo Medical Arts Society honored two long standing members for their services to the Western New York community. Dr. Theodore Ciesla, M'31, performed services for the Erie County Health Department and was director of the Chest Clinic before his retirement in 1975. Dr. Edmond Gicewicz, M'57, was also honored for his many com­ munity activities. The clinical assistant professor of surgery at U/8 is president-elect of the Erie County Medical Society. □ Dr. Richard E. Wolin, M'64, clinical assis­ tant professor of psychiatry, is the new presi­ dent of the Bry-Lin Hospital medical staff. Dr. Enrique A. Willmott, clinical assistant professor of psychiatry, is secretary­ treasurer. Dr. Sebastian S. Fasanello is Dr. S. Subramanian, professor of surgery, spoke in Guadalajara, exico on surgery for children at meetings of the pediatric section, Puerto Rico Medical Association and Puerto Rico Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics. He is also chief of cardiovascular surgery at Children's Hospital. □ A group of 31 Buffalonians and former Buffalonians attended a luncheon in May at the 82nd Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in Atlanta, Georgia. One of the highlights of the luncheon was to pay tribute to Dr. Erwin eter, professor emeritus of microbiology/pediatrics, who was made an Honorary Member of the ational Society. The function was organized by Dr. W. Bartholomew, President of the Western ew York Branch of the American Society for Microbiology .0 Left to right: Ors. Mary Smaron, Chicago; Eileen Hinks, Philadelphia; Arthur Crist, Harrisburg; Anne Morrisse)', eter, Buf­ Cleveland: Victoria Wicher, Albany; Erwin falo: Konrad Wicher, (back}, Buffalo. president-elect. □ Dr. Dogan M. Perese, clinical associate in neurosurgery, is president of the medical staff of Our Lady of Victory Hospital. Dr. Joseph F. Kij, M'57, is vice president, and Dr. Frank E. Ferro is secretary. □ FALL, 1982 45 �People Seven faculty members participated in the joint national meeting of the Society of the Head/ eek Surgeons in Florida recently. Dr. John M. Lore, professor/chairman of otolaryngology, president of the society of head and neck surgeons and chairman of the department of otolaryngology at Sisters Hospital, was one of the principal speakers at the meeting. Also making presentations from the University of Buffalo were Dr. Frank Marchetta, secretary of the Society of Head and eek Surgeons, and Dr. Jean G. Haar, both clinical associate professors of otolaryngology; Dr. Monica B. Spauling, assis­ tant professor of medicine/pediatrics; Dr. Douglas Klotch, and Dr. Keun Y. Lee, both assistant professors of otolaryngology; and Dr. Anjum Khan, research assistant instructor of otolaryngology.O Dr. Reinhold Schlagenhauff, associate professor of neurology, spoke on Elec­ tromyographical/clinical analysis in the tar­ sal tunnel syndrome at the 12th World Congress of eurology in Kyoto, Japan. The paper was co-authored by Dr. T. Hattori of Chiba Japan. □ · Dr. Tee-Ping Lee, research assistant professor of pediatrics, lectured at the 18th annual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy in Montreal. □ Dr. Marie Reipenhoff-Talty, assistant professor of pediatrics, spoke in Atlanta at the American Society of Microbiology. She also co-authored two scientific articles for scien­ tific journals recently. □ Dr. Edwin W. aylor, research associate professor of pediatrics, has co-authored an ar­ ticle for a scientific journal. □ Dr. Cedric M. Smith, professor of phar­ macology and therapeutics, wrote an article for the ew York State Journal of Medicine, "Alcohol and Drug Problems in Medical Patients: A Comprehensive Survey of Physicians Perceptions. "D Or. orman S. Ellerstein, assistant professor of pediatrics, gave a series of lec­ tures on medial issues in child protection and advocacy at the Child Protection Services Training Institu le Seminar in Plainsview, .Y. recently. □ Dr. H. Sherwood Lawrence gave the 12th annual Ernest Witebsky Memorial Lecture. His topic: " ew Immunological Basis for Clinical Responses to Tran sf er Factor Therapy." Dr. Lawrence is the Jeffrey Bergs­ tein Professor of Medicine, Head of Inf ec­ tious Disease at ew York University. □ Dr. Ganesh . Deshpande, assistant professor of pediatrics, spoke at the 10th an­ nual Western Genetics Conference. □ Ors. Robert Guthrie, professor of pediatrics, and Edwin W. aylor, associate professor of pediatrics, have co-authored two scientific articles for professional journals. □ Four pediatrics faculty members have co­ authored an article for the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology. They are Ors. Philip K. Li, assistant professor of pediatrics· Margaret H. MacGillivray, and Mary L. Voorhess, both professors of pediatrics; and Theodore I. Put­ nam, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics. □ Dr. Georgirene D. Vladutiu, research associate professor of pediatrics, addressed the annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology recently in ew Orleans. □ Dr. ancy A. Owens, assistant professor of pediatrics and microbiology, has co-authored two scientific articles for professional jour­ Dr. Gerd J.A. Cropp, professor of pediatrics, addressed the annual meeting of the American Lung Association/ American Thoracic Society in Los Angeles on "Manage­ ment of Asthma: The Pumonologist's Ap­ "Arterial Destruction during Continuous Methacholine Inhalation in Rhinitis, Suspected and Proven Asthma," was the topic for Dr. Gerd J.A. Cropp at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy in Mon­ treal. He is a professor of pediatrics. □ proach." □ 46 nals. □ THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Dr. Lucille Hurley, professor of nutrition, University of California/Davis, lectured at the edical School in May. Her topic: "Trace Metals in Early Development." □ Three faculty members are new officers in the Western ew York Society of Pathologists. Dr. Sol Messinger, M'57, clinical associate professor of pathology, is president. Ors. Sateesh Satchidanand, assistant professor of pathology, is secretary; and John Fisher, clinical assistant prof.essor of pathology/pediatrics, is treasurer. □ Several hundred scientists and physicians from around the world attended the 8th Inter­ national Convocation on Immunology spon­ sored by the Ernest Witebsky Center for Im­ munology in June. The Convocation, which focused on "Regulation of the Immune Response," featured 40 scientists from eight foreign coun­ tries and the United States. They presented the most current findings in this area of research. Sir Gustav J.V. Nossa}, director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne Australia, delivered the Ernest Witebsky Memorial Lecture. His topic: "Unifying Concepts of Tolerance and Im­ mune Regulation." The lecture has been es­ tablished in memory of the late Dr. Witebsky, an internationally-known immunologist at U/B who served as the Center's first direc­ tor. □ Or. Gerald P. Murphy, director of Roswell Park emorial Institute, was elected 1982 president of the Society of Surgical Oncology, at its 36th annual meeting in Marco Island, Florida. He is a research professor of urology at U/B.O Dr. Julius Axelrod, a 1970 obel Prize winner in medicine for his research on the autonomic nervous system, spoke at the School of Medicine recently. Dr. Axelrod who is with the ational Institutes of Health, discussed "Lipids and the Receptor Mediated Transmission of Signals Through Membranes." His visit was spon­ sored by U/B's Biomembranes Group, an in­ terdisciplinary graduate group. □ FALL, 1982 Dr. Edward Marine, clinical associate professor of medicine and family medicine, was honored by the United Scleroderma Foundation of Western ew York recently. The medical director of Health Care Plan was instrumental in the formation of the self-help group and for arranging monthly meetings. □ Buffalo General Hospital received a gift of more than 1.1 million to its building fund campaign in memory of a physician who was on its medical staff in the early 1900s. The gift, from the estate of the late David T. Wende, a former Buffalo resident, in memory of his father, Dr. Grover W. Wende, boosts the amount raised by the campaign to $11,196,720. The drive had a goal of $10 million. Or. Wende, who was nationally known in the fields of dermatology and radiation therapy, served many years on the hospital staff. He also served as a professor of der­ matology at the University of Buffalo Medical School and as president of the American Der­ matological Association from 1911-1912. A hospital spokesman said the radiology department planned for the hospital's new facilities on High Street will be named the Crover W. Wende Radiological Suite. The bequest is the largest single contribution to the building fund drive. □ Dr. Emma K. Harrod, clinical-research assistant professor of rehab medicine, is the new president of the Crippled Children's Camps. She has been a member of the board for five years. She is attending physician in the rehab medicine department, Erie County edical Center. She is also on the staff of Children's and Buffalo General Hospital and is a pediatrician with the Health Care Plan. □ Two faculty members received ational Cancer Institute grants recently. Dr. E. Douglas Holyoke, research professor of sur­ gery, received a $47,356 grant to study and treat patients with early stage colon and rec­ tum cancer. Dr. Avery A. Sandbery, research professor of medicine, received a $54,809 grant to study chromosomes of human bladder tumors. Both are on the Roswell Park emorial Institute staff. □ 47 �Roswell Park Memorial Institute dedicated a new bone marrow transplant unit in April. □ Dr. James Hassett, Jr., assistant professor of surgery at U/8 has been named director of the trauma intensive care unit at the Erie County Medical Center. It is a component of the trauma research center, one of a handful in the country funded by the ational Institutes of Health, that is headed by Dr. John Border. Dr. Hassett comes from Buffalo General Hospital where he directed emergency ser­ vices and coordinated trauma and surgical on­ cology services. After graduation from Canisius College with a BS degree in biology, he earned the MD degree at Loyola University and con­ tinued graduate training in surgery at Buffalo General Hospital. He also served for three years in the U.S. avy at its regional medical center in Portsmouth, Virginia. A Diplomate of the American Board of Medical Examiners, he has published in his field. □ Dr. Erwin eter, professor emeritus of pediatrics and microbiology at U/B and direc­ tor of Bacteriology at Children's Hospital from 1936-1981, has been named Pediatrician of the Year by the Buffalo Pediatric Society. This fourth annual award for distinguish­ ed service in the field of pediatrics was presented to him at the Society's recent dinner dance at the Marriott Inn. Dr. eter has also served as a consultant bacteriologist at Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1948 to the present, and he was a member of the SU YAB Center for Im­ munology from 1969-1980. A native of annheim, Germany, he has received numerous other honors throughout his lengthy medical career. They include the SU YAB Stockton Kimball Award, 1977; Gold Medal of Merit, State of Baden­ Wurtemmburg, Germany, 1978; Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1979; Honorary Life Membership, Reticuloendothelial Society, 1980; and Honorary Membership, American Society for Microbiology, 1982. In addition, the Erwin eter Award was established in his honor in 1979 as an annual student award by the Western New York Branch of the American Society for Microbiology. Dr. eter has authored more than 400 publications. □ 48 The Western ew York Branch of the American Society for Microbiology celebrated the beginning of its second decade at the spring meeting at the Erie County Medical Center in February. One of the highlights of the meeting was the presentation of the Erwin eter Award for the best graduate student poster presen­ tation. The Erwin eter Award was initiated by the Branch in 1979 and has been awarded on an annual basis as a tribute to Dr. Erwin eter, professor emeritus, for his contribu­ tion in the field of Microbiology. This year, Ken T. Miyasaki from the Department of Oral Biology was presented the award for his poster presentation "Purification of a Serogroup-Defining Antigen from a Clinical Isolate of Actinobacillus octinomycetem­ comitons" by K. Miyasaki and R. Genco. In addition to the oral and poster presen­ tations, a guest speaker, Dr. J.W. Costerton from the University of Calgary, presented his work on "The Bacterial Glycocalyx in ature and Diseases." Drs. William Bartholomew and Daniel Amsterdam, department of microbiology, were re-elected president and vice president. Other officers elected were P. Hammond, secretary-treasurer (department of oral biology) and . Stinson, alternate councilor {department of microbiology). □ Dr Erwin eter presenting the 4th Annual Erwin eter Award lo Kenneth Miyasaki for his poster presentation. □ THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Three pediatric professors, Drs. Joel M. Bernstein, Elliot F. Ellis, Philip K. Li, have co­ authored a scientific article for Otolargynology Head & eek Surgery. □ Four faculty members from Kyungpook ational University in Daegu, Korea, have been invited to U/B as visiting scholars for the fall 1982 semester. Dr. Jung-Seung Chung will work in the department of linguistics; Dr. Young-Ooo Kwon, department of mechanical engineering; Or. Sung-Ho Lee, department of obstetrics and gynecology, and Dr. Chang­ Sup Seong, department of otolaryngology. Kyungpook ational University is one of a number of foreign institutions with which U/B has formal agreements for academic, research and informational exchanges. Other institutions are located in Canada, Japan and China. □ Dr. Diane M. Jacobs, professor of microbiology, presented a seminar at the University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. □ Dr. Felix Milgrom, distinguished professor and chairman of microbiology, lectured at Stanford University on "Studies on Pathogenic Immune Complexes" recently. He also presented a seminar at the University of Toronto. □ Three faculty members, Dr. W.R. Kinkel, L. Jacobs and Reid Heffner, co-authored a scientific article for Cerebovascular Diseases, "Pathological Correlations of C.T. Images in Cerebral Ischemia and Infarction. "O Dr. Gerald Sufrin, professor/chairman of the urology department at the Buffalo General Hospital, has been appointed to the editorial board of investigative urology, a leading research journal in this field. □ Dr. Joseph Daly, clinical instructor in ob/gyn, is the chief of ob/gyn at the Lockport Memorial Hospital. □ Dr. Rudolph Sada, clinical associate in nuclear medicine, is director of nuclear medicine at the Lockport Memorial Hospital. The hospital recently purchased some new nuclear equipment including a sophisticated computer. □ FALL, 1982 Five faculty members and one third-year medical student participated in the annual Buswell Day Scientific Symposium. Dr. Helen Ranney, professor of medicine, University of California, San Diego, was the lecturer. Dean John aughton presented certificates to the Buswell Fellows - Ors. Yoshifumi Abe, Her­ man V. Szymanski, Hideho Arita, Christine Pristech, Michelle M. Cloutier and Thomas M. Rossi, after their presentations. □ Dr. S. Mouchly Small, professor of psy­ chiatry, has been renominated for a third year as President of the ational Muscular Dystrophy Association. He has also been nam­ ed one of the vice-presidents for the 5th Inter­ national Congress on euromuscular Diseases in France in September. □ Dr. Marvin I. Herz, professor and chair­ man of psychiatry, was a panelist for the American College of Psychiatry Update Series in Orlando, Florida. He also visited Stony Brook where he presented a lecture, and has published a scientific article in Inter­ national Journal of Partial Hospitalization. □ "Adverse Reactions to Drugs" was co­ authored by Ors. Elliot F. Ellis, professor and chairman of pediatrics, and Stanley J. Szefler, assistant professor of pediatrics. The article appeared in Practice of Pediatrics. □ Three faculty members have been elected officers of the ew York State Society of Anesthesiology, District 7. Drs. James P. Bur­ dick, M'75, is president-elect; clinical instruc­ tors in anesthesiology, Hashim M. Iyoob, is secretary and Suresh C. Sharma is treasurer. □ Dr. Oguz K. Sarac, clinical associate professor of surgery, is acting chief of surgery at the Deaconess Division of Buffalo General Hospital. □ Two faculty members are new officers at Sheehan Memorial Emergency Hospital. Dr. John G. Zoll, M'40, clinical associate professor of neurosurgery, is vice president; Dr. Rolan­ do T. Velasquez, clinical instructor ob/gyn, is secretary. Ors. Jeremiah O'Sullivan is presi­ dent and Charles S. arasi is treasurer. □ 49 People �People Dr. Gerald J. Hardner, clinical associate professor of urology, has been elected Presi­ dent of the Sisters of Charity Hospital Medi­ cal Staff for 1982-83. Dr. Hardner is also chief of urology at Sisters Hospital. Other staff officers for new terms, which begin April 1, include Dr. Paul Milley, clinical associate professor of pathology/anatomy, president-elect; Dr. Elton Rock, M'59, clinical assistant professor of medicine, secretary; and Dr. Joseph Anain, clinical assistant professor of ototaryngology, treasurer. □ Or. Edmond J. Gicewicz, '56, clinical assistant professor of surgery, has recently been installed as president of the Erie Count edical Society at its annual meeting. He is also athletic physician for sports at U/B, an Erie County medical examiner and examining physician and medical officer for several local companies. Other principal officers are: president-elect, Dr. James F. Phillips, M'47, clinical professor of medicine; vice president, Or. Victorino Anllo, clinical assistant professor of urology; and secretary-treasurer, Dr. John M. Hodson, '56, clinical assistant professor of urology. □ Or. Barry S. Eckert, assistant professor of anatomy, was invited to present a poster of his research at a symposium entitled "Spatial Organization of Eukoryotic Cells" held in Boulder, Colorado, April 30-May 2, to honor Dr. Keith R. Porter upon his retirement from the University of Colorado. Over his 45-year career, Dr. Porter has contributed extensively to the technology of Elecron Microscopy and discovered such cell organelles as ribosomes, lysosomes, microtubules and endoplasmic reticulum. The symposium was organized and attended by Dr. Porter's former students and postdoctoral fellows. □ Three alumni have been elected officers of the Buffalo Ophthalmological Society. Dr. Kenneth V. Klementowski, M'66, is president. Ors. Michael Sansone, M'73, is secretary and Gary Jeffrey, M'65, is treasurer. He is also a clinical instructor in ophthalmology. Dr. Klementowski is chairman of the division of ophthalmology at DeGraff Memorial Hospital and a member of the staff at Kenmore Mer­ cy, Buffalo General and Lockport Memorial Hospitals. □ Harrington lecturer Dr. Poul ,\larks is congratulated by Deon oughton for his excellent presentation on cancer research. Dr. 1orks is president and chief executive officer of Sloon Kellering.D 50 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Robert Summers, associate professor of anatomy, represented the department as a delegate to the interest group in gross anatomy teaching of the American Associa­ tion of Anatomists. Gross Anatomists from over 40 medical and dental schools attended the meeting. Or. Summers was named to head a committee to survey Dental Gross Anatomy Programs in U.S. and Canadian dental schools. Dr. Summers also presented seminars in the departments of biology at Wayne State University and the University of otre Dame. He spoke on the "Role of the Cortical Reaction in Surface Changes During Fertilization" and on "The Establishment of a Human in vitro Fertilization Clinic: Procedures and Poli tics. "O Dr. Kenneth Edds, assistant professor of anatomy has received a three year grant of $150,000 from the Cell Biology Program of the ational Science Foundation for a study on "The Formation and Function of Coelomocyte Filopodia. " □ Two graduate students in the department of anatomical sciences were the recipients of teaching and research awards. Ms. Judith Henderson received an award from the graduate school as one of five outstanding teaching assistants in the University during the 1981-82 year. Her advisor is Dr. Kenneth Edds, assistant professor of anatomy. One of the awardees for the 1980-81 year was Jeffrey Boldt, who is completing his degree under the tutlage of Dr. Herbert Schue], associate professor of anatomy. Ms. Linda Parysek received a Presidential Scholarship to attend the 1982 Electron Microscopy Society of America meeting held in Washington, O.C. in August. The award was ponsored by the EM Society of America (E SA) and was based on an abstract sub­ mitted for presentation at this meeting. Nine medical students were among 45 U/B health science students to be named to the 1982 edition of Who's Who Among Students in American Universities and Colleges. They were: Michael Cesar, Richard Collins, James Corasanti, James Decaprio, Kevin Ferentz, David Gottsegen, Margaret Kadree, Isaiah Pinchney and Erika Swahson. Students were selected on the basis of academic achieve­ ment, community service, extracurricular ac­ tivities, leadership and future potential. More than 1,300 institutions from the U.S., District of Columbia and several foreign countries are represented in the 1982 listings. □ Three f acuity members are newly elected officers in the Buffalo Radiological Society. They are: Ors. Oscar J. Llugany, vice presi­ dent; Ehsan Af shani, secretary; Edward Dziob, treasurer. All are clinical assistant professors of radiology. Dr. Brian Block, a radiologist at Mount St. Mary's Hospital, Lewiston, is the new president. □ Three clinical assistant professors of ob/gyn are the new officers in the Buffalo Gynecologic and Obstetric Society. Ors. Mar­ vin J. Pleskow, M'51, is president; Daniel Kozera, vice president; John aples, treasurer; orman Courey, clinical professor, is secretary. □ The Classes of the 1920's Dr. Elmer T. McGroder, M'21 has retired. He is a past president of the Medical Society of the County of Erie. □ The Classes of the 1930's Dr. Thomas S. Bumbalo, M'31, has been re­ elected president of the Erie County Board of Health. □ Also. this spring, Ms. Parysek was one of the recipients of the 1982 Willard B. Elliot Award. The award, sponsored by the Buffalo Chapter of the Society of Sigma XI and nam­ ed for the former Professor of Biochemistry, is in recognition of research accomplishment and scholarly achievement. Ms. Parysek's ad­ visor in her thesis work is Dr. Barry Eckert, assistant professor of anatomy. □ FALL, 1982 Dr. David H. Weintraub, M'37, is assistant professor of pediatrics at Case Western Reserve University Medical School. In 1981 he was nominated for a "Teaching Excellence Award." He is also a clinical professor, emeritus, at U/B. Dr. Weintraub lives at 3175 Laurel Rd., Shaker Heights, Ohio 44120.D 51 The Classes �Dr. ,\forks The Classes of the 1940's In May, the ew York University School of edicine, department of anesthesiology, pre­ sented Richard Ament, M'42, with its Distinguished Alumnus Award in recognition of meritorious service to the specialty of anesthesiology. He is a clinical professor of anesthesiology at U/B and is treasurer of the Council of Medical Specialty Societies. He represents the American Society of Anesthesiologists. □ The urology department honored Dr. William J. Staubitz, professor and chairman emeritus at a special dinner in May. Dr. Staubitz graduated from the Medical School in 1942 and was chairman of the urology department for 18 years. The dinner recogniz­ ed Dr. Staubitz's contributions to the School of Medicine as well as his distinguished career as an academic urologist and leader in American Urology. □ Dr. Eugene arks, M'46, has been elected director of the American Oc­ cupational Medical Association for 1982-85. He is with the Remington Arms Co., Inc., Bridgeport, CT. Dr. Marks is a Fellow, American College of Preventive Medicine. He lives at 22 Grad Place, ewtown, CT. 06470.D Dr. Richard J. Valone, M'46, moved to Phoenix in 1977 from Utica, .Y. where he had practiced for 25 years. He is now in prac­ tice with a group of ophthalmologists in Arizona. His office address: 601 West Gleneagles Dr., Phoenix, AZ. 85023.D Dr. William H. Bloom, M'48, is president, Long Island euroscience Academy and the Penataquit Civic Association. He is a past president of the Suffolk County Medical Society; Suffolk Academy of Medicine and secretary of the 2nd district branch, SS Y. Dr. Bloom lives at 158 S. Penataquit Ave., Bayshore, .Y. 11706.D The Classes of the 1950's Dr. Joseph Genewich, '52, is the new chief of medicine at Lockport Memorial Hospital. □ Dr. Robert J. Collins, M'43, retired in July. He will live in Jupiter, Florida in the winter and at 81 Linden Ave., Buffalo, .Y. 14214 the rest of the year. He has been a clinical associate professor of gyn/ob at the Medical School. Dr. Collins has also been active in state, regional and national societies. □ Dr. John T. Donovan, M'43, of Lockport has been appointed to the nominating committee of the Medical Society of the State of ew York representing the 8th district branch. □ Dr. Andrew A. Gage, M'44, has been elected to a two-year term on the board of governors of the American College of Surgeons. He is professor of surgery at U/B and chief of staff and chief of surgery at the Veterans Administration edical Center. □ Dr. John K. Quinlivan, M'45, chief of plastic surgery at Mercy Hospital, has been elected a member of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. He is a clinical in­ structor in surgery at U/B. □ 52 Dr. Kenneth S. Mesches, M'53, is assistant clinical professor at the University of Califor­ nia and chief of staff at Santa Rosa Memorial Hospital. General surgery is his specialty. He is a Diplomate, American Board of Surgery. He lives at 7260 Bennett Valley Rd., Santa Rosa, CA. 95404.0 Dr. O.P. Jones. M'56, distinguished professor emeritus, authored an article that appeared in the March issue, The American Journal of Surgery, "The Peripatetic Surgeon in Valhalla." □ Dr. Philip A. Brunell, M'57, is professor of pediatrics at the University of Texas, San An­ tonio. He resigned the department chair­ manship, after six years, to take a three month sabbatical in Amsterdam during the summer. He has also been associate editor of the new "Red Book" {a report of the committee in in­ fectious disease of the Academy of Pediatrics). He lives at 12818 King's Forest Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78230.D THE BUFF ALO PHYSIC IA �Dr. Harry L. Metcalf, M'60, clinical assis­ tant professor of family medicine, has been reappointed to the Commission on Public Health and Scientific Affairs of the American Academy of Family Physicians. □ Dr. Gordon Burgess, M'63, clinical assis­ tant professor of dermatology, has retired. □ Dr Toffolo Dr. R. Ronald Toffolo, M'57, has been ap­ pointed chairman of the department of radiology at the Millard Fillmore Hospitals, both Gates Circle and Suburban. Dr. Toffolo, a native Buffalonian is a Diplomate of the American Board of Radiology with special competence in nuclear medicine. He is a clinical assistant professor of radiology and clinical instructor in nuclear medicine at U/B. □ Dr. Marie Kunz, M'58, is helping to stan­ dardize health care on ew York State cam­ puses. The acting director of the U/B health office is also re-establishing a venereal dis­ ease clinic. □ Dr. Mary Ann Zavisca Bishara, '59, has been elected president of the iagara County Medical Society for the next two years. The anesthesiologist lives at 679 Mt. View Dr., Lewiston, .Y. 14092.D Dr. Daniel C. Kozera, M'59, is vice presi­ dent elect of the Buffalo Gynecol­ ogical/Obstetrical Society for 1982. He was also selected "Citizen of the Year" (1981) for the Field of Medicine awarded by the American-Polish Eagle of Buffalo. Dr. Kozera is a clinical assistant professor at U/B. □ The Classes of the 1960's Dr. Thomas Guttuso, M'60, is the new chairman of the admissions committee at the Medical School. He is a clinical assistant professor of ophthamology. □ FALL, 1982 Dr. Frank E. Ehrlich, M'63, has moved to Johnstown, Pa. where he is chairman of the at department of emergency medicine Conemaugh Valley Memorial Hospital. He is living at 1086 Franklin Street, Johnstown, Pa. 15905.D Dr. John L. LaMar, Jr., M'63, is president of the physician's sponsored LP.A., Southern Intercounty edical Association. He is also fund raising chairman for the Board of Trustees, Pennsville Public Library. The pediatrics specialist lives at 44 Supawna Rd., Salem, .Y. 08079.D Dr. Ronald S. Mukamal, M'64, is president of the orth Carolina Association of Jewish en. The surgeon lives at 201 Maple St., Whiteville, N.C. 28472.D Dr. Harvey Bigelsen, M'65, is president of the Arizona Board Homeopathic Medical Ex­ aminers. He was appointed by the Governor. He has been on the Board of the American Holistic Association and currently is state coordinator. Dr. Bigelsen lives at 12609 80th Place, Scottsdale, AZ. 85251.D Dr. Louis Antonnuci, '66, ophthalmology attendin , spoke on management of diabetic retinopathy at the fourth annual seminar on diabetes/visual impairments sponsored by the Blind Association of W Y and the American Diabetes Association. He is a clinical assistant professor of ophthal­ mology. □ Dr. John J. O'Connor, '66, is assistant clinical professor at George Washington University. He is also a clinical instructor in surgery. He is a Fellow of the College of urgeons; president of the Greater Metropolitan Surgical Endoscope Society; director of colon/rectal surgery service, Columbia Hospital for Women. Dr. O'Connor. 53 �his wife, Patricia, and daughter, Erin Eileen, live at 7111 Heathwood Ct., Bethesda, MD. □ Dr. Harold C. Kulman, M'68, is director of the Sarasota Vascular Laboratory. His specialty is vascular general surgery. Dr. Krulman lives at 5527 American Dr., Sarasota, Florida 33581.D The Classes of the 1970's Dr. Thomas V. Krulisky, M'70, was ap­ pointed medical director, Edgemont Hospital, Los Angeles in February. He is a assistant clinical professor at the University of outhern California. He is a member of the psychiatry committee, Southern California Psychiatric Societ . Dr. Krulisky lives at 250 Oakhurst Lane, Arcadia, CA. 91006.D Dr. Jerald Bovino, M'71, is a clinical assis­ tant professor of surgery at the Medical College of Ohio in Toledo. He is also director of ophthalmology education and chairman of the retinology section, St. Vincent Hospital edical Center. In 1979 he published an arti­ cle, "Sciera! Spreading Forceps for Drainage of Subretinal Fluid" for the American Journal of Ophthalmology. He co-authored two ar­ ticles for the same journal in 1980 and 1982 " easurement of the Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in Retinal Detachment" and "Jntrocular Foreign-Body Hazard during Vitrectomy." In JAMA in 1982 he co-authored, "When Friends or Patients Ask About Retinal Detachment." Dr. Bovino lives at 5339 Brooklawn Dr., Toledo, Ohio 43623.D '71, was elected Dr. Thomas G. DiSessa, to Who's Who in California in May. The assis­ tant professor of pediatrics at UCLA is a Fellow, American Academy of Pediatrics; American College of Cardiology; Society of Pediatric Echocardiography; and American Society of Echocardiography. His third son, Peter Richard, was born February 7, 1982. Dr. DiSessa has co-authored a book, "Two Dimenional Echocardiography Clinical and Pathological Correlations" that will be published in 1983 by The Little Brown Co. Dr. DiSessa has also co-authored scientific articles for The American Heart Journal, The Journal of Pediatrics, and The American Journal of Cardiology. The OiSessa family lives at 6843 Chisholm Ave., Van uys, CA. 91406.D 54 'or. Gerald Coniglio, M'72, has been ap­ pointed to the medical staff of Lockport Memorial Hospital in orthopedic surgery. A native of Mt. Morris, Dr. Coniglio graduated from SUNY at Buffalo Medical School. He completed an internship in anesthesiology at the Upstate Medical Center in Syracuse and served as a surgical resident at St. Joseph's Memorial Hospital in Syracuse. Prior to joining the staff at LMH, Dr. Coniglio completed a four year residency in orthopedics at the Southwestern Michigan Area Health Education Center and was a member of the medical staff at Park Ridge Hospital in Rochester. □ Dr. Kenneth L. Gayles, M'73, spends some of his leisure time making music with his 15 brothers and sisters. The clinical instructor in medicine is a cardiovascular disease specialist. □ Dr. William J.M. Hrushesky, M 73, assis­ tant professor of medicine and laboratory medicine and pathology at the University of innesota, has been awarded a $290,000 NIH grant to study the clinical application of chronobiology in cancer. □ Dr. James S. arks, '73, is chief of the Research/Epidemiology Branch, utrition Division, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta. He has authored or co-authored over 25 papers on Legionnaires Disease and other general topics in Child Health and Epidemiology. Dr. Marks is active in several professional societies and lives at 3165 King Arthur Ct., Atlanta, GA. 30345.D Dr. Elaine arie Bukowski, M'74, is assis­ tant professor of anesthesiology at Duke University. She joined the faculty in 1979. Dr. Bukowski has been appointed to two national committees - blood and blood products and scientific exhibits for the 1983 meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists in Atlanta. She lives at 600 Brookview Dr., Chapel Hill, NC 27514. She reports that the moderate climate is en­ joyable. □ Dr. Richard J. Goldberg, '74, is assistant professor of psychiatry at Brown University. He has authored two articles recently: "Anx­ iety Reduction by Self-Regulation: Theory, THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA, �Practice, and Evaluation" in the April 1982 Annals of Internal Medicine; " anagement of Depression in the Patient with Advanced Cancer" in the July 24/81 JAMA. Dr. Goldberg lives at 182 Freeman Parkway, Providence, RI. 02902.D Dr. John C. Rowlingson, M'74, is associate professor of anesthesiology and director of the Pain Management Center, University of Virginia edical Center. He is active in several state and regional professional societies. Dr. Rowlingson lives at 2590 Cedar Ridge Lane, Charlottesville, VA. 22901.D Or. associate American on the orbert Szymula, M'74, clinical professor, was named a Fellow, Academy of Otolaryngology. He is staff of the Lockport Memorial Hospital. □ Dr. Stanley J. Szefler, M'75, assistant professor of pediatrics, presented two papers at the American Academy of Allergy annual meeting in ontreal recently. He also co­ authored an article "Adverse Reaction to Dru s" for Practice in Pediatrics. □ Dr. Steve Bien, M'76, started his practice July 1 in Farmington, aine (Box 4565, RFD 2, 04938).D Dr. John Bodkin, M'76, clinical instructor in family medicine, is the new chief of famil medicine at Lockport Memorial Hospital. □ Dr. Carl Jay Bodenstein, '78, i associated with Variety Children's Hospital in Miami and his specialty is neonatology. He resides at: 9761 SW 120th St.. Miami, FL. 33176.D Dr. Mark S. Glassman, M'78, is a Fellow in Pediatric Gastroenterology at the University of Pennsylvania. He has co-authored a chapter in "Failure to Thrive in Infanc and Early Childhood", (Johns Hopkins University Press) and he will present a paper on " utritional Uniqueness of the Child" at a symposium on pediatric nutrition by the University of Pennsylvania, Children's Hospital. He lives at 891 . Pennock St.. Philadelphia, PA. 19130.D FALL, 1982 The Classes of the 1980's Dr. Wesley S. Blank, M'80, is finishing his second year of residency at orth Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, .Y. Ob/Gyn is his specialty. In December, 1981 he married anette Reiner of Great eek, .Y. They honeymooned in Finland cross-country skiing. They live in building 4/5, Apt. 3-J. 300 Communit Dr., Nanhasset, 11030.D Or. Thomas J. Dougherty, M'80, received the Crowdle Award for outstanding achieve­ ment in chemistry from Canisius College. The associate professor of pathology and radiobiology at U/B pioneered a treatment for cancer using light to shrink tumors. He is now head of the division of radiation biology al Roswell Park Memorial Institute. The award is named in the memory of Dr. James H. Crowdle, former chairman and member of the Canisius College chemistry department for -10 years. □ Or. David S. Duani, M'80, was among 20 recipients of a $1,500 award from the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) to help finance his graduate training in family medicine. The AAFP is the second largest medical organization in the nited States representing the nation's family doc­ tors. The ead Johnson Awards for Graduate Education in Family Practice, given annually by the cademy since 1952 to aid young physicians planning careers as family doctors, are made possible by a grant from the Phar­ maceutical Division and utritional Division of Mead Johnson & Company, Evansville, In­ diana. Dr. David Duani was selected from a field of 150 candidates on the basis of scholastic achievement, leadership qualities and qualifications for, and interest in family prac­ tice. He is currently a family practice resident at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Department of Family Practice, Charlottesville. □ Or. Brett C. Shulman, '81, is a resident in internal medicine at Strong emorial Hospital, Rochester, .Y. He lives at 928 East­ brooke Lane, Rochester, Y 14678.D 55 �In Memoriam Dr. Gustavo Cudkowicz, professor of pathology/microbiology, died May 25 of cancer. He joined the faculty in 1969. He was principal cancer research investigator at Roswell Park Memorial Institute for three and one-half years before coming to U/B. A native of Zurich, Switzerland, he receiv­ ed his medical degree cum laude from the University of Milan (Italy) where he was also a resident in radiology and later joined its ational Cancer Institute. A post-doctoral fellow at the University of Uppsala (Sweden). he also pursued postgraduate studies at the Oak Ridge ational Laboratory before joining Roswell's staff. At OR L he completed a course in ad­ vanced industrial and research radioisotope techniques subsequently served as a biologist there, and participated in the graduate stu­ dent program at the Un'iversity of Tennessee's Institute of Radiation Biology. One of Dr. Cudkowicz's major discoveries was that the mechanism of graft rejection of bone marrow transplants differs from the mechanism operating in rejection of solid organs such as the kidney. He conferred with scientists in the United States and in other world cities and served on a number of editorial boards for prestigious scientific publications. In recent years he had organized and co­ directed a number of international sym­ posiums on immunology. In 1980 he was the recipient of the first Marie T. Bonazinga Award for outstanding research presented by the Reticulo Endothelial Society and in 1981 was elected an honorary life member of the French Society of Immunology. He was also a member of numerous professional societies including the American Association of Pathologists, the Society for Ex­ perimental Biology and Medicine, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Transplantation Society, the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Association of Immunologists, the International Society for Experimental Hematology, the Reticuloendothelial Society and the ew York Academy of Sciences. He had completed a bibliography of more than 130 original scientific articles, chapters or books. □ Dr. elson G. Russell Jr., assistant clinical professor of medicine/emeritus, died May 15. The 74-year-old internist was an active Episcopal layman. He was on the Medical chool faculty 14 years and was in practice 45 years. He was on the staff of Buffalo General Hospital. He served with the U.S. Army Medical Corps during World War II in Europe. When discharged he was a lieutenant colonel. Dr. Russell, a member and a past vestryman at St. Paul's Cathedral, received the Bishop's Cross in 1968 as Episcopal layman of the year. He was active in several professional and civic organizations. He received his MD from McGill University. □ Dr. Vincent I. Bonaf ede, M'30, died April 7 in Mount Morris, .Y. after a long illness. □ Dr. Caryl A. Koch, M'23, died April 28 at Buffalo General Hospital. The 83-year-old physician lived in Orchard Park for 50 years and retired in 1974. He was a physician for the Orchard Park school system for 10 years. Dur­ ing the two world wars he was in the U.S. aval Medical Corps. In 1942 he was in charge of the first naval hospital in England. He was a navy commander when discharged. Dr. Koch was on the staff of Mercy Hospital, and Our Lady of Victory in Lackawanna. He was active in several professional associations as well as lodges and fraternal Dr. Cudkowicz organizations. □ THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �A Message from Robert A. Baumler, M.D. '52 President, Medical Alumni Association Fellow Alumni of the University of Buffalo Medical School: As newly elected president of your governing board for 19821983, I hope to do what I can to serve both you and our school dur­ ing my brief tenure. Our program committee under the chair­ manship of Dr. Charles Tanner will be meeting through the summer to plan next year's Spring Clinical Day and if any of you have any suggestions we shall be glad to hear them. Physician , perhaps more than any other alumni, have had their identities set and their lives changed by their medical degree, which perhaps accounts for the special relationship medical alumni have come to have with their alma mater. That bond can still be reciprocally Robert A. Baumler . .\1.D. '52 ratifying. □ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------111111 BUSINESS FIRST CLASS REPLY CARD P RMIT NO. 2210 POST AGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, ew York 14214 BUFFALO, .Y. 'OPOST G TAMP CESSAR't If MAILED I. TH U. ITTD TATTS �THE BUFF ALO PHYSIC! STATE U IVERSITY OF EW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 M I STREET, BUFFALO, EW YORK 14214 R 44 D 92 0032234 • 0 E T RO T 000 RO 0 Y Ff LO 14226 MIM,-,11111..,..,_, • ._.,_.. THE HAPPY MEDIUM Fill out this card; spread some happiness; spread ome news; no postage needed. (Plea e print or type all entries.) ame ---------------------------------- Year MD Received ---- Office Address-----------------------------------------­ Home Address-----------------------------------------If not UB, MD received from ____________________________________ In Private Practice: Yes 0 In Academic Medicine: Yes D o O Specialty _____________________________ o O Part Time O Full Time 0 Schoo] ____________________ Title ---------------------- Other:---------------------------------------------Medical Society Memberships:-----------------------------------NEWS: Have you changed positions, published, been involved in civic activities, had honors bestowed, etc.?----- Please send copies of any publications, research or other original work. _ _ _ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, Fall 1982 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine -- Periodicals Medical colleges -- New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-Fall Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Relation A related resource MicFilm LD701 .B42 M5 no.268-271, Buffalo physician and biomedical scientist Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008_1982-v16n03-Fall Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Dean Naughton's Message Commencement Iris Dedication Students Honored "Beyond Medical School," by Dr. DeWitt Stetten Angioplasty Chronobiology by Dr. William J.M. Hrushesky Calcium Blockers "Bioethics in Ob/ Gyn" by Dr. Myron Gordon Alumni Honored Halloween Party Stress Conference Alumni Tours Reception for Seniors The Progress and development of the Buffalo Medical School Library, 1846-1981 by F.X. Roberts Heart Muscle Surgery/Cancer Seminars Dues Paying Alumni, 1982 Continuing Education/Orthopaedic Scientific Day MECO/Career Opportunities/Cancer Programs People The Classes In Memoriam Dr. Robert Baumler's Message Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-02 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v16n03 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 60 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. New York (State) -- Buffalo Is Format Of A related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format. Journals and magazines (periodicals) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1982 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/1c60ae35b07bef69ad14db4f5b0119ed.pdf 32f026badea554e38be32e0514c2b488 PDF Text Text THE L0 BUFFA VOLUME S C H O O L O F M E D IC I N E 16 STATE NUMBER PHYSICIAN 2 UNIVERSITY SUMMER OF NEW 1982 YORK AT BUFFALO �Dean Naughton From the desk of John Naughton, M.D. Dean, School of Medicine Dear Alumni and Alumnae: I was pleased to learn recently that of two important criteria used to measure a Medical School's status, SU YAB's School of Medicine and Faculty of Health Sciences fared very well. Since the measures related directly to our educational and research missions, I was even more delighted. Since a great deal of my time is spent dealing with operational and policy issues, it seem­ ed appropriate to share these bits of information with you. In the educational arena, you should be pleased to know that this School of Medicine is among the leaders in the areas of graduate and post-graduate biomedical education as well as in the medical student and house staff education and training. Ac­ cording to the data made available through the Chronicle of Higher Education, SU YAB ranked sixth among the 126 schools of medicine for total number of students enrolled. More impor­ tantly, in the Doctor of Philosophy programs and post-doctoral student programs, SUNYAB's School of Medicine ranked 20th and 29th, respectively. This is indeed an enviable ·record. A strong school of medicine and graduate center must also have a strong commitment to scholarship and to research activity. Several issues ago, the multiple research programs conducted throughout the pre-clinical and clinical departments were reviewed for you. I was pleased to learn that on a per capita faculty expenditure basis, SU YAB ranked 31st among the nation's medical schools. This represents a marked improvement over earlier years and places the institution in the first quartile of extramarally supported institutions. It also correlates quite nicely with the biomedical educational mission. I report these two aspects of progress and status with you so that you can develop a sense of perspective and appreciation about the total nature and mission of your school of medicine. Hopefully, you share with me a sense of pride and accomplish­ ment for the work being done by the faculty and students. □ �Summer1982 Volume 16, umber 2 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIAN ( SPS 551-8601 Published by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo EDITORIAL BOARD Editor ROBERT 5. MCGRA AHA Dean, School of Medicine DR.JOH AUGHTON Photography 14 U OWAK 19 20 Visual Designers 21 HUGOH. EDWARD GER RICHARDMACAKA JA Do ALD E. WATKI S Associate Editor TERI ROBERTS CONSULTA TS President, Medical Alumni Association DR. 2 8 ORMA CHASS! Vice President, Faculty of Health Sciences DR.F.CARTERPA ILL President, University Foundation JOH M. CARTER Director of Public Affairs HARRY JA K 0 Teaching Hospitals The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veteran Administration Medical Center THE BUFFALO PHYSIC IA 22 24 26 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 41 44 I THIS ISSUE Dean aughton's Message (inside front cover) Post Graduate Matching Guido Baccelli, Physician, Statesman, Citizen of Rome The Clinical Years Student Awards/Fifth Pathway/Transfers Exercise, Good Health Dr. Ronald Martin Parents' Weekend Dr. Koslow CAT Scanning for the Clinician Athletic Day Infectious Disease Dr. Warner Summer Fellowships Physiology Chairman CAPO Program Pediatric Conferences Dr. hardack Better Vision/Continuing Medical Education People la ses In Memoriam Dr. Chassin's Message (inside back cover) The cover by Donald Watkins refers to story on Page 8. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA . (USPS 551-860). Summer, 1982 - Volume 16, umber 2 published quarterly Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter - by the S hool of Medicine, State University of ew York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, ew York 14214. Second clas po tage paid at Buffalo, ew York. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA , 139 Cary Hall, 3435 Main treet, Buffalo, ew York 14214. opyright 1982 by The Buffalo Physician. SUMMER, 1982 1 �Steve Goldstein, John fisgus, Michael Waxman Post Graduate Matching Jessica Rockwell. Sue fischeck Eighty-eight percent of the senior medical students received their first, second or third choices in the annual ational Resident Match Program. Twenty-three of the 143 students did not par­ ticipate in the national program and matched themselves. Two other students are not taking internships. According to Dr. Leonard Katz the 1982 match was the best in the school's history. "The caliber of the programs matched was excellent." The most popular programs were medicine, 55; surgery, 21; pediatrics, 20; family practice, 14; and Ob/Gyn, 13. Dean John aughton told the students "that their contributions to the school and the community during the last four years were appreciated. You are a good class; thi:-;;is a gratifying match; the Buffalo based programs are doing well. We wish you well after you graduate." Fifty-three students selected Buffalo based programs for their residency and another 40 will remain in ew York State. The most popular Buffalo post-graduate programs were medicine, 33; sur­ gery, 17; pediatrics, 21; family practice 14; and ob/gyn, 13. Students selected superior programs at Yale, Dartmouth, Johns Hopkins, Case Western Reserve, New York University, Presbyterian and Montefiore Hospitals, University of Rochester, Minnesota and Virginia. Match Day began 30 years ago. This year 13,044 fourth-year students throughout the nation were matched with hospitals and programs of their choice. Faculty members who assisted in the U/B program were: Ors. Dennis adler, pediatrics; Joseph Caruana, surgery; Murray Morphy, ob/gyn and psychiatry; John Richert, family medicine. Abati, Andrea D., YU Medical Center, ew York, Pathology C Adler, Daniel J., Lenox Hill Hospital, ew York, Medicine C Alleyne, Michael G., SU Y/Buffalo, Anesthesiology Andrews, Charles F., University of California (Irvine], V.A. Long Beach Hospital, Medicine C Augustino, Michael, University of Miami Affil. Hosps., Ob/Gyn C Barlog, Elizabeth, SUNY /Buffalo, Buffalo General Hospital, Surgery C Barlog, Kevin, SU Y/Buffalo, Buffalo General Hospital, Surgery C Bartlett, Michael, University of Rochester Assoc. Hospitals Program, Rochester, .Y., Medicine C Baumwell, Ivan A., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Preliminary 2 THE BUFF ALO PHYS ICIA �,. Beneitone, Roger J., University of Connecticut Affiliated Hospitals, Farmington, Conn., Medicine C Bilodeau, Catherine L., SU Y/Buffalo, Family Practice C Bilotta, Jeffrey, Presbyterian Hospital, New York, Medicine C Blossom, Mark, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Medicine C Brody, Jill, SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Cesar, Michael, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Chartash, Elliot K., Temple U. Hospital, Philadelphia, Medicine C Chirlin, Robert, Cose Western Reserve University Hospital, Cleveland, Pediatrics C ew York, Medicine C Cho, Joan 0., Harlem Hospital, Chung, Mark, University Hospital SU Y /Stony Brook, N. Y., Medicine C Hospital Center, New York, Cochrane, Cheryl, Montefiore Surgery C Preliminary Contessa, Benjamin, assau County Medical Center, East Meadow, . Y., Ob/Gyn C Corbelli, Richard, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Crandall, E. Scott, SU Y /Buffalo, Ob/Gyn C Cunningham, Kevin, SU Y /Buffalo, Ob/Gyn C Curry, Arlene, St. Vincent Hospital, N. Y., Medicine C DeLeo, Rosemary, Ulster County Family Practice Program, Kingston, . Y., Family Practice C Dew, Thomas, SU Y/Buffalo, Pediatrics C . Y., Donovan, Stephen J., Bronx Municipal Hospital Center, Psychiatry C Dudek, Robert P., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Surgery C Engelbert, Marc S., Mt. Sinai Hospital, N. Y., Ob/Gyn C . Y., Ob/Gyn C Erickson, Amelia A. The ew York Hospital, . Y., Surgery C Failla, Joseph, North Shore Hospital, Manhasset, Faillace, Frank A., Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Medicine C . Fischbeck, Susan, Case Western Reserve University Hospital, Cleveland, Pediatrics C Fischer, Sheila R., Montefiore Hospital, N. Y., Pediatrics Social Fisgus, John R., SU Y /Buffalo, Medicine C Pediatrics Ford, Daniel E., Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Medicine C Freedenberg, Debra, Yale- ew Haven Medical Center, Conn., Pediatrics C Gallagher, Susan J., SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Pediatrics Gasparo, Beth Ann, Eastern Virginia Graduate Medical School, orfolk, Va., Pediatrics C Primary Geering, Timothy, Cincinnati General Hospital, Cincinnati, Family Practice C Gelormini, Joseph L., SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Gianfagna, Robert A., SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Gibbons, Olga, Downstate Medical Center, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, Family Practice C Ginsberg, Harold, University of California, San Francisco, Research Fellowship Gioia, Joseph F., Millard FiJlmore Hospital, Pathology Goldberg, Jody, Montefiore Hospital Center, . Y., Pediatrics C Goldberg, Rochelle, Medical College of Pa., Philadelphia, Medicine C SUMMER, 1982 3 Paul Rosenberg, Lindo Rabinowitz �The Jay Levat's Linda-Jo Saunders, Lauracinnie Jenkins Goldstein, Steven I., YU-University Medical Center, . Y., E TC Golia, Anthony, Millard Fillmore Hospital. Medicine C Preliminary Gordon, Randi, Case Western Reserve University Hospital, Cleveland, Pediatrics C Gottsegen, David ., Duluth Family Practice Research, Duluth, Minn., Family Practice C Graf, Jeannette 0., Long Island Jewish Hospital. .Y., Pediatrics C Granese, Diana R., SU Y/Buffalo, Ob/Gyn C Greendale, Gail A., Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Medicine C Preliminary Grobe, Lydia H., SU Y/Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, Surgery C Halabi, Mohamed K., American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon, Ob/Gyn Harster, Gerald A., Montefiore Hospital. Pittsburgh, Flexible Healy, Elaine, Westchester County Hospital, Valhalla, .Y., Medicine C Heath, Richard, SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Herschowitz, Stephen M., assau County Medical Center, East Meadow, N. Y., Medicine C Preliminary Homan, Richard, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pa., Family Practice C Hordes, Andrew R., Maine-Dartmouth Family Practice, Augusta, Maine, Family Practice C Hurley, Patrick T., University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Va., Medicine C Primary Jain, Rakesh K., Georgetown V.A. Program, Washington, D.C., Medicine C Photos b~· Ed llovak Jenkins, Lauracinnie, SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Kane, Matthew J., SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary 4 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Kawecki, Annette R., Framingham Union Hospital, Framingham, Mass., Flexible University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Pediatrics C Kelly, Mary A., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Kloesz, Wendy, University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Fami­ ly Practice C Korwin, Debbie, SU Y/Buffalo, Pediatrics C Kousourou, Harry H., University Hospital SU Y /Stony Brook. . Y., Medicine C Kurss, David I., SU Y /Buffalo, Ob/Gyn C Leberer, Joseph P., SU Y /Buffalo, Buffalo General Hospital, Keane, Virginia, Surgery C Lee, Sin Ping, . Y. Infirmary/Beekman Downtown Hospital, . Y., Ob/Gyn C Leon, Michelle, University of Missouri, Kansas City Affiliated Hospitals, Kansas City, Medicine C Levat, Jay M., Montefiore Hospital Center, . Y., Medicine C Levine, David C., Lenox Hill Hospital, . Y., Surgery C Maisonave, Marvin, SU Y /Buffalo, Medicine C Pediatrics Marchand, Paul, Kaiser Foundation, Santa Clara, Ca., Medicine C Mason, Amy J., Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, . Y., Medicine C Mastrangelo, Ralph, orth Shore Hospital, Manhasset, . Y., Medicine C McAvoy, Marcia, SU Y /Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary McDonnell, Mar~aret P., SU Y/Buffalo, Ob/Gyn C Mc ally, Lois M., YU Medical Center, .Y. Surgery C Mendola, Janet, SU Y/Buffalo, Psychiatry C Mennen, Martin, Baylor College Affiliated Hospitals, Houston, Texas, Flexible Moll, Jeffrey, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Medicine C Murphy, ancy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Medicine C Elaine Healy, Dr. Katz Cathy Cyrulik, Mary Shapiro S M ER, 1982 5 �Chor/es Andrews. Jeff Bilotta icholson, Charles, SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Nierenberg, Steven J., Montefiore Hospital Center, . Y., Medicine C Preliminary orris, Andrew M., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Preliminary Marvin Maisonave, Isiah Pinckney ybord, Elsa, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Pathology Orgel, David, SU Y/Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, . Y., Pediatrics C Penhallurick, William, Yale- ew Haven Medical Center, Conn., Anesthesiology Peters, ancy, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Pinckney, Isaiah, Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, Family Practice C University Hospital, Cleveland, Medicine C Pollack, Stephen, Erie County Medical Center, Opthalmology Rabinowitz, Linda, Yale- ew Haven Medical Center, Conn., Pediatrics C Pleskow, Douglas, Case Western Reserve Rafferty, George, Case Western Reserve University Hospital, Cleveland, Psychiatry C Roche, Steve A., University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Program, Dallas, Psychiatry C Rockwell, Jessica, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Ob/Gyn C Rosenberg, Paul ., SUNY /Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Ross, Josephine R., SU Y/Buffalo, Pediatrics C Rougeux, Richard, SU Y/Buffalo, Pediatrics C Saint Martin, Manuel, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Ange/es, Surgery C 6 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Sammis, Cynthia L., Maine-Dartmouth Family Practice, Augusto, Moine, Family Practice C Santelli, John S., University of Maryland Hospital, Baltimore, Pediatrics C Saunders, Linda-Jo, ossou County Medical Center, East Meadow, . Y., Surgery C Schantz, Arthur, Long Island Jewish Hospital, . Y., Surgery C Schechter, William, Presbyterian Hospital, .Y. Pediatrics C Schenk, Gregory P., SU Y /Buffalo, Family Practice C Schertzman, Donald, assou County Medico/ Center, East Meadow, .Y., Medicine C Preliminary Schneider, Steven, Highland Hospital, Rochester, . Y., Family Practice C Schu, William, SU Y /Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, N. Y., Surgery C Sellew, Ann, ew York Hospital, N. Y., Psychiatry C Serna, Joe R., Jr., Phoenix Hospital Affiliated, Phoenix, Pediatrics C Silbiger, Sharon R., University of Mass., Coordinated Program, eurology C Worcester, Smith, Alford, Downstate Medical Center, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, Family Practice C Sofia, Peter J., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Surgery C Preliminary Speach, Albert, Jr., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Surgery C Preliminary Spurdon, Chantel H., University of Rochester Hospital Programs, Rochester, . Y., Ob/Gyn C Stegemann, Philip M., SU Y/Buffalo, Buffalo General Hospital, Surgery C Stephens, Susan M., Travis Air Force Bose, David Grant Medical Center, Fairfield, Co., Pediatrics C Sterman, Ilene, SU Y /Buffalo, Pediatrics C Stern, Marc F., SU Y/Buffolo, Medicine C Stern, Robert, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Preliminary Swanson, Erika, Medical Center/Beaver County, Beaver, Po., Family Practice C Thomas, Robert C., Jr., SU Y/Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, Surgery C Van Gorder, Thomas R., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Surgery C Vitale, Gerard F., orth Shore Hospital, Monhosset, . Y., Surgery C Vogt, David G., SU Y/Buffalo, Erie County Medical Center, Surgery C Preliminary Wadell, James C., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Medicine C Preliminary Warach, Jonathan 8., SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Wasiewski, Warren W., SU Y /Buffalo, Pediatrics C Waxman, Michael D., ew Rochelle Hospital Medical Center, ew Rochelle, . Y., Medicine C Wayne, Joseph T., St. Louis University Group Hospital, St. Louis, Medicine C Pediatrics Weiner, Judith G., SU Y/Buffalo, Medicine C Preliminary Wolf, Richard, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Center, Hanover, .H., Medicine C Yacobucci, Gerald ., Millard Fillmore Hospital, Surgery C S MMER, 1982 7 Elaine Healy Annette Kawecki, Dr. Murray Morphy �GUIDO BACCELLI (1832 - 1916) PHYSICIAN, STATESMA A D CITIZE OFROME by Thomas S. Bumbalo, M.D., M.Sc. (Med.) Clinical Professor, Pediatrics - Emeritus - U/B Medical Director, Erie County Medical Center - Retired Massimo Carrella, M.D. Assistant Professor, Medicine - U/B Attending Physician, Erie County Medical Center Guido Baccelli, one of the greatest clinicians of the 19th century and the major contributor to the Renaissance of Italian Medicine, was born in Rome on ovember 25, 1832.1 Baccelli was a decendent of an old and illustrious noble Florentine family that had moved to Rome in the 1700's. Baccelli's father, a well-known surgeon and father of eight children, apparently had not enjoyed the luxury of great wealth. Guido Baccelli's son, Alfredo, an author and politician who published a biography of his father in 1931, wrote that his father inherited "un barile d'aceto (a barrel of vinegar,) some land and a house." 2 While a student at the University of Rome from which he graduated at the age of 22 years, Baccelli was inspired and fascinated by the works of the great masters of medicine, amongst whom were Giovanni Bat­ tista Morgagni - the Italian anatomist of Padua whose "De Sedibus et Causis Mor­ borum" made pathological anatomy a science and the anatomist, Marcello Malpighi. However, he was not always the serious stu­ dent while serving his assistantship (the equivalence of today's residency) at the San­ to Spirito Hospital. Baccelli's conduct was not much different from present-day House Officers who engage in such pastimes as a game of dice or bridge on payday nights. Baccelli, too, on payday nights, enjoyed a spirited game of Zecchinetto, an Italian game of cards. During Baccelli's early medical career, the stethoscope was not generally used in Ita­ ly, even though Rene Laennec, the dis­ tinguished French physician had discovered the stethoscope in 1819, thirteen years before 8 Dr. Boccel/i Baccelli's birth. Baccelli insisted on always using the tubular monaural stethoscope for auscultation rather than the common practice of the time of placing the ear to the patient's chest. For this practice, Baccelli became known as "the doctor who vists patients with the trumpet." Very early in his career, Baccelli demonstrated a profound interest in academic medicine in both the fields of research and teaching. Only two years after graduation from Medical School, at the age an assistant of 24, he was appointed professor of Medical Jurisprudence by the University of Rome. Early in his career he possessed an intense interest in the field of pathology. At a time when the University of Rome lacked an organized Pathology program, Baccelli busied himself correlating the clinical findings of his patients with find­ ings revealed at the autopsy table, perform­ ing an incredible number of autopsies, well in the thousands, before he was appointed a full professor. THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �At the early age of 32 years, his alma mater appointed him a full professor in the department of Clinical Medicine. He spent the next 60 years as a dedicated and devoted teacher, watching many of his students dis­ tinguish themselves as important members of the Italian clinical and academic community. Among those that so distinguished themselves was the beloved clinician Augusto Murri (1841 - 1932) who studied in Berlin, Paris and Florence under the dis­ tinguished clinicians of the time, including the French physician Jean Baptiste Bouillaud of infectious endocarditis fame; Ludwig Traube, the German physician of Traube's semilunar space fame; and Theodor Frerichs, the Berlin physician of Frerichs theory fame. Augusto Murri worked with Baccelli as his assistant and eventually became Baccelli's successor. 3 In memorializing Baccelli, Augusto Murri stated that indeed Baccelli had no reason to be envious of Murri's former distinguished teachers.• Baccelli possessed all the attributes of a great teacher. He was a warm, kind and vigorous man with a forceful drive and a deep scientific curiosity. He was colorfully articulate and eloquent. As a classical Lalin scholar, at times he would draw on his ready knowledge of Latin by presenting clinical data and preparing scientific papers entirely in Latin. Baccelli was blessed with a marvelous memory, a singular versatility and the capability to ferret out necessary data to arrive at a correct clinical diagnosis. He in­ sisted on using elementary methods to arrive at a diagnosis by correlating a careful medical history with a carefully performed physical examination. He also advocated the use of a formula that synthesized older knowledge and methods with modern analysis to arrive at a diagnosis. Baccelli had an excellent knowledge of anatomy and in his teachings, he stressed the importance of applied anatomy in diagnosis. He instilled in his students and colleagues an awareness and a critical, but always compassionate, analysis of their shortcomings. He also stimulated students and colleagues to always consider the value of clinical observations, together with reliable laboratory and research data in studying patients. Seasoned clinicians who attended his lectures and medical rounds were frequently awed and amazed by the vastness of Baccelli's medical SUMMER, 1982 knowledge. Baccelli was the ferment that generated interest and stimulated students and colleagues to study and learn and then translate their medical knowledge to the welfare of their patients. Indeed, he was that rare combination of a diligent researcher, a dedicated teacher and a superb clinician with the eloquence of a Roman orator. Baccelli's presentation at a medical meeting in Paris in 1887, prompted the French physi­ cian Jean Baptiste Bouilland to say, "Today you have heard the Demosthenes and the Cicero of Science." An interesting anecdote that is documented in the Italian Medical literature relates to Baccelli's encounter with the papal government of Rome before the unification of Italy. Cardinals of the Papal Government of the time capriciously and frequently negated even the most modest of Baccelli's requests. Baccelli was considered anti-papal, and eventually he had to make a public declaration refuting malicious accusations against him. However, Baccelli's popularity and enthusiastic acceptance by his students and members of the medical community of Rome served to shield him from further resistance and propaganda eminating from the Papal Government. In essence, like in modern medicine, Baccelli was harassed by governmental bureaucracy which he was compelled to resist and oppose. 5 CLI ICIA , RESEARCHER A D TEACHER Baccelli's description of aphonic pec­ toriloquy, which became known as the Baccelli sign, contributed considerably to his international reputation as a clinician. The Baccelli sign is the transmission of the sound of the whispered voice through a serous plural effusion but not transmitted through a purulent plural effusion, thus making it relatively simple to distinguish between a serous and a purulent plural effusion. Another diagnostic sign developed by Baccelli was the percussion of the ilium bone as an aid in the diagnosis of an ovarian tumor. In that era, before the advent of such sophisiticated diagnostic tools as x-ray, ultra sound and CAT scan these clinical signs played an important role in clinical diagnosis. 9 d- �Baccelli's knowledge of malaria [the word malaria comes from two Italian words - maJ aria meaning bad air) and his research in the transmission of malaria gave impetus to the reclamation of swampy lands in the Com­ pagna Romana. In a lecture on malaria presented at the University of Palermo in 1902, Baccelli not only gave evidence of his profound knowledge of malaria, but also his knowledge of ancient medical history. He recalled that Hippocrates was the first to es­ tablish the relationship of malaria with stag­ nant water. Baccelli opened this particular lecture by addressing the audience as "illustrious and valiant colleagues and belov­ ed disciples." This rather flowery and ornate introduction is indicative of the gallantry of the era and also the high esteem Baccelli had for his colleagues and students. At a time when the Laveran theory of the transmission of malaria was not wholly accepted in Rome, Baccelli supported the theory of Alphonse Laveran (1845 - 1922), the French discoverer of the malaria parasite, plasmodium vivax. 5 Baccelli classified malaria according to the presenting symptoms and the intensity of the symptoms, using such terminology ad diaphoretic, syncopal, lethargic, biliary, catharral and rheumatoid.a In 1890, Baccelli introduced the use of Quinine intravenously in the treatment of malaria. Undoubtedly, malaria of some 90 years ago was more virulent and justified such heroic methods of treatments. The animal research that introduced intravenous use of Quinine again was evidence of Baccelli's keen mind as a researcher. The rationale for the intravenous treatment was to get to the red blood cells that carried the parasite. He first administered Quinine hydrochloride intravenously to rabbits with resultant total failure. Baccelli attributed the death of the research rabbits to the acidity of the Quinine hydrochloride. He then used a neutralized solution of Quinine intravenous­ ly and the rabbits survived. The use of the neutralized solution of Quinine hydrochloride intravenously in the treatment of malaria met with gratifying success. Baccelli also learned that by administering the Quinine solution at the decline of the fever peak, it prevented the next temperature spike. In an attempt to sterilze blood, Baccelli introduced the use of corrosive sublimate 10 (corrosive mercuric chloride] intravenously in the treatment of syphilis, septecemia and erysipelas and also the use of phenol in the treatment of tetanus. The research methodology differed little from Paul Ehrlich's research that led to the successful treatment of syphilis with the combination of arsphenamine and copper, known as Salvar­ san or 606, the 606th different chemical that Ehrlich tested in his search for a cure of syphilis. or did Baccelli's research methodology differ appreciably from 20th century research that, eventually in 1945, won the Nobel Prize for Fleming, Florey and Chain for their penincillin research. Their research in essence, too, was a search for an internal antiseptic. Baccelli's treatment of these grave diseases led Virchow to remark, "that which Lister did for the surface of the body, Baccelli has done for the blood."' In addition, Baccelli introduced, in Italy, oxygen therapy for the treatment of pneumonia which he administered to . King Vittorio Emanuelle IL He also introduced, in Italy, venesection in the treatment of hypertensive nephritis. Between 1852 and 1863, Baccelli publish­ ed, in three volumes, a scholarly dissertation entitled "Pathology of the Heart and the Aor­ ta" in which he presented a critical analysis of the known medical data in the field of car­ diopathy.1 Indeed, Baccelli's volume of car­ diac knowledge compared very favorably with the prestigious works of the Irish physi­ cian, William Stokes and the Heidelberg physician, Nikolas Friedreich. In 1876, Baccelli applied his untiring energy and research skills in the treatment of aortic aneurysm by the introduction of a coil of metal in the walls of the aneurysm. In more recent times, surgeons, using much the same principle, have treated the anomalous dystrophy of the abdominal wall in infants, known as omphalocele, by implanting a fine plastic mesh in the dystrophic anterior ab­ dominal wall. Baccelli was among the first clinicians to focus attention to host reaction, in disease processes, in evaluating patient response to specific disease. He used tuberculosis as a classic model, explaining that the mycobacterium tuberculosis is capable of causing pulmonary tuberculosis with cavita­ tion in one patient, central nervous system THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �tuberculosis in another and tuberculous enteritis in yet another patient, depending on the reaction of the host to the tubercle bacillus and the "locus minoris resistentiae" of the patient. Baccelli repeatedly cautioned the Italian medical community to keep abreast of new medical knowledge and never to be content with the bare medical knowledge required to guarantee a medical diploma and the license to practice medicine. Was Baccelli one of the forefathers of con­ tinued medical education? Baccelli's fame was truly recognized in­ ternationally. He was not only the number one clinician in Italy but one of the greatest clinicians of his time. He was honored by the Medical Institute of France and the Medical Academies of England and America. Not­ withstanding all these honors, Baccell_i _was never appointed a member of the presllgious Italian Academy of Lincei, even though he was recommended for membership by its President, Quintino Sella. Obviously, professional rivalry and envy were not in­ vented in the 20th century. Baccelli con­ tributed abundantly to the Italian, Germany and French medical literature with a total of 132 published papers by the end of his medical career.• In addition, Baccelli was the founder of the prestigious Italian medical journal Policlinico and also the founder of the Italian Society of Internal Medicine. ST A TESMA A D CITIZE Perhaps the impetus for Baccelli's active career as a stateman and citizen of Rome was the memory of the past gradeur and greatness of the Roman Empire. E_vidence ~f this was his fascination with Latin and his burning interest in the antiquity of Rome and the fame of the great men of ancient Rome. 9 In 1874, Baccelli was elected a Deputy of the Italian Parliament. From 1880 - 1884, he served as Minister of Education in the Italian Cabinet. He served a second term as Minister of Education from 1893 - 1896 under Prime Minister Crispi. From 1901 - 1903, he served as Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce. As the Minister of Educa­ tion, he sponsored many reforms in the Italian educational system. He was a forceful proponent and supporter of the ~utonomy_of the institutions of higher learnmg. He m­ sisted that the universities had the sole right SUMMER. 1982 to confer degrees but the government had the sole right to grant a license to practice a profession, much like today's practice in our country. Remembering how, before the unification of the many Italian republics into a united nation, Italy had been invaded, plundered and humbled by a great assortment of Euro­ pean armies including the Austrians, the French, the Germans, the Flemish, Spanish and Hungarians, Baccelli as a statesman and citizen and even as a doctor of medicine worked to help build a strong, viable Italy that no longer would be an easy mark for the conquering armies of Europe. Bacc~lli _ad­ vocated legislation to develop and mamtam a healthy population, particularly the youth, by proposing a rigid program of physical acti~ity including a variety of sports and gymnasllcs. He believed that a program of physical, men­ tal and moral education would produce a new generation strong and healthy in body and mind just as existed in Ancient Rome. Indeed Baccelli, as a statesman, had an in­ satiable desire to use the Roman classics and Roman antiquity for their moral, political and educational value. He referred frequent­ ly to an aphorism of the times, "mens sana, in corpore sano" (a healthy mind in a healthy body). As the minister of agriculture, he ad­ vocated some form of manual labor in the fields as part of the elementary school curriculum to teach children the fundamen­ tals of agriculture. Indeed, in today's educational system, Dr. Jean Mayer, the world recognized nutritionist and President of Tufts University, in his belief to broaden the scope of liberal education stated, "Although our students most probably will not end up being farmers, it is important that they know something about agriculture." While in office, Baccelli also established the "Tree Feast Day," Arbor Day in our society, to encourage the planting and maintenance of trees. He was also credited with the im­ proved culture of wheat in Italy. From 1901 to 1903 while the Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce, Baccelli became concerned about the effects of alcoholism - particularly in the working class. With the industrial transition of the era and its resultant stress on the worker, Baccelli recognized the dangers of alcohol and recommended a reasonable use of wine in 11 d- �preference to stronger alcoholic beverages. With a mild resemblance to the modern "Madison Avenue" hucksters of our times, he promoted a competition amongst Italian wineries to produce a wine of modest cost and lower alcohol content which he dubbed "Vino Popolaro", wine of the people. As a statesman, physician, citizen and humanist, he advocated obligatory drainage of malaria lands. The merit of this plan was the eventual reduction in the incidence of malaria and improvement of the national economy. He deemed it urgently necessary to improve the condition of the land, the quality of water and he deemed it equally urgent to irrigate the land to improve productivity and the health of the citizens. Baccelli was able to persuade the Italian Parliament to compel land owners to improve their lands. He con­ tended that the land was sacred and the abuse of the land, in essence, constituted a social crime. He also, without success, tried to in­ stitute a land reform program that provided equitable distribution of land. A program that has never met with total success anywhere in the world! Baccelli was responsible for the construc­ tion of the Passeggiata Archeologica (the Archeological Promenade) which runs from the Palatine Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, to the Terme Antonine Spa. Lined with shady trees, this promenade stands as one of Rome's interesting landmarks. The archeological restoration of the Forum, the Vestal Virgins Temple, the Concordia Temple and the Vista Temple were in part due to Baccelli's intense interest in ancient Rome. Baccelli also vigorously supported the archeological excavation of Pompeii, which today stands as one of the outstanding archeological wonders of the world. Another admirably quality of Baccelli was his democratic idealism. While he enjoyed an intimate association with the aristocracy, the politicians and the plutocrats of Rome, he never made himself subservient to any of them, particularly to the aristocracy. He promoted the dignity of the individual and in­ sisted that justice and peace for all hinged on public and individual virtue and integrity. Baccelli was an ardent patron of opera and music. He had a keen fondness of domestic animals, particularly cats. He also was an ar­ dent hunter, but with a poor hunting reputa­ tion. 12 After the death of his wife, about whom lit­ tle is written, Baccelli met an old friend and former patient, the Princess Eleanora Cenci Vicovaro. Baccelli lived and traveled with the Princess until her demise caused by diabetes mellitus. After the death of Princess Vicovaro, Baccelli returned to Rome and was at once rejuvenated by the rising ferment in prepara­ tion of World War I. In October of 1915, ap­ proaching the age of 85, Baccelli suffered a bout of bronchopneumonia with a recurrence two months later followed by heart failure and death on January 10, 1916. Baccelli will live forever amongst the names of great men. He left an indelible mark in medicine, in education, in public health and in communal welfare. It can safely be stated that his entire life was dedicated to the welfare of his fellow man, the appreciation of the greatness of ancient Rome for which he had an everlasting love and a profound drive to help make his Italy, once more, a great na­ tion. Indeed Baccelli was "the true son of Rome, the greatest citizen of Rome." □ BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Enciclopedia ltaliana, Roma, lstituto Giovanni Trec­ cani. 1949, Vol. 5, p.779. 2. Baccelli, A.: Guido Baccelli Ricordi. apoli, Edizione La Riforma Medica, 1931, p.1. 3. Castiglioni, A.: A History of Medicine, ew York. Alfred A. Knopf, 1947, 2nd Edition. p.840. 4. Murri, A.: Guido Baccelli cittadino e insegnante, II Policlinico, Sezione Medica, 23:l (1916). 5. Manzi. L.: Proceedings of the XXIII International Congress of the History of Medicine, London, Wellcome Institute, Vol. 2, p. 1116. 6. Baccelli, G.: L'Infezione de malaria, Cassella Medica di Roma, 30:393 (104). 7. Maragliano. E.: Guido Baccelli clinico, II Policlinico Sezione Medica. 23:25 [1916). 8. Gorrini, G.: Guido Baccelli, La vita, !'opera, ii pen­ siero, Torine, S. Lattes Co.,1916 p.31. 9. Gsanarelli, G.: Guido Baccelli uomo politico e medico sociale, II Policlinico, Sezione Medica, 23:71 (1916). THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �The Baccelli Medical Club of Buffalo I .. 1910 the Italian University Club of Buffalo was organized by a group of professional men. Membership was limited to Italian decent graduates of the schools of Medicine, Dentistry, Law and Pharmacy of the University of Buffalo. The preambles of the club, in part, read, "To perpetuate and foster, in America, the rich professional and cultural heritage of Italian Arts and Science." Monthly meetings of the club were rotated to then prestigious hotels in Buffalo; the Genesee Hotel, the Iroquois, the Broezel, the Lafayette and the original Hotel Statler which later was renamed the Buffalo Hotel, when the Statler was built facing McKinley's monument. Annually, a sumptuous banquet was held in honor of all the new university graduates of Italian decent. In 1918, when many of its members were called to arms in World War I, the club was disbanded. In 1920, the club was reorganized as the Italian Medical Group of Buffalo. Membership was limited to physicians of Italian decent. In 1924, the name of the club was changed to the Baccelli Medical Club of Buffalo, in honor of Dr. Guido Baccelli. The name Baccelli was suggested by Dr. Joseph S. Giau-Franceschi, a Buffalo Radiologist who had studied in Italy while Baccelli was Italy's Minister of Education. In 1948, the Baccelli Medical Club sponsored an annual meeting, together with the Buffalo Academy of Medicine, bringing to Buffalo distinguished American Physicians of Italian decent. In addition, in 1948, the Bacelli Medical Club established the Guido Baccelli Award which is granted to a graduating student of our medical school who has distinguished himself in a medical research project while a student. The award, in addition to a com­ memorating plaque, includes a stipend of $200. As of today, the Baccelli Medical Club has a membership of 141 physicians representing all the disciplines of Medicine and Surgery, many of whom have distinguished themselves as teachers in our medical school. The club continues to meet monthly with a dinner, followed by an address by a prominent physician or researcher for which the membership receives CME credits. Guido Baccelli (1832-1916) Physician and Citizen of Rome Guido Baccelli, one of the greatest clinicians of the 19th cen­ tury and the major contributor to the Renaissance of Italian Medicine, was born in Rome on November 25, 1832. Baccelli was a descendent of an old and illustrious noble Florentine family that had moved to Rome in the 1700's.D SUMMER, 1982 13 �Deon John Naughton The Clinical Years Dr. Evon Calkins "As a class you have done very well in your first two years. The faculty is very proud of your academic accomplishments. We ex­ pect a lot from you in the next two clinical years." That is what Dean John aughton told the 138 third year students at the fourth annual one-half day of orientation. The students started their clinical rotations the next day at the teaching hospitals. Continuing, Dean aughton said, "People will see you as physicians wherever you go in the hospitals. I wish you well." Six faculty members participated in the case history presen­ tation. Before introducing the patient to the students, Dr. Evan Calkins talked briefly about the ingredients for proper manage­ ment and the person as a patient and the person as a physician. The professor of medicine and chairman of the curriculum committee said, "All disciplines use the same "raw materials'' a good history, physical examination, laboratory assessment, careful discussion with the patient and family and a well-thought­ out plan of management. As a student, it is essential to improve one's skill in these fundamental clinical disciplines as one proceeds throughout the entire third year course. "Patients are never compartmentalized the way we physicians compartmentalize our different disciplines. Patients almost always present problems involving several disciplines. As students, what one learns in one "course" is applicable in all courses. As physicians, one must develop some degree of mastery of all of these disciplines, and look at the patient from a holistic point of view. "The development of an integrated approach to the entire patient is one of the biggest challenges faced by students during the third year." Patient X, a 19-year-old college student, and her mother were interviewed for 30 minutes by physicians and students. For the past seven years the young lady had suffered from psoriasis, and for five years from continuously active rhematoid arthritis. The four physicians who interviewed the patient were: Drs. Lawrence ). emeth, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics; Linda F. Pessar, assistant professor of psychiatry; Brummitte Wilson, assis­ tant professor of dermatology; and Evan Calkins. This demonstrated the "team concept" that the students would be in­ volved with during their careers. Case Summary: In 1975 she began to notice itching of the scalp, increased dandruff and a rash on the scalp, arms and shins characteristic of psoriasis. She received steroid ointment in a coal tar base with some improvement. In March 1977 she fell on the right knee which became sore and developed an effusion. She fell, again, on June 13, 1977, when the knee was still swollen. Shortly thereafter she developed fever, soreness, swelling and stiffness of both wrists with similar involvement of the metacarpalphalangeal joints, PIP joints, elbows, neck and shoulders. She was hospitalized at the Children's Hospital on May 31, 1977 where she was found to spike a daily fever of 101 degrees. There was a grade iii harsh systolic murmur on the left in the left intercostal space. There was no splenomegaly. Psoriasis was evident, especially on the scalp. 14 THE BUFF ALO PHYS I CIA �Dr. Evan Calkins, the patient and her mother. Dr. Lawrence emeth. There was an effusion of the right knee with swelling and tenderness of both ankles, PIP joints and wrists. She was treated with aspirin 12 tablets daily with some im­ provement in her rheumatologic picture, but developed tinnitus, nausea, GI symptoms and confusion. She was then placed on In­ docrin, 25 mg. three times daily. I first saw her on July 29, 1977. She was extremely an­ tagonistic at the prospect of seeing another physician, discourag­ ed, and negative about her illness. On physical exam she was slightly plump but attractive, despite her sullen expression. Her general examination revealed only the apical systolic murmur. There was moderate soft tissue thickening of both wrists. There was slight limitation of dorsiflexion of the right wrist and slight tenderness and soft tissue thickening of the PIP joints and MP joints. Her neck was held in a slightly anterior flexed position and showed limitation in attempts to extend it. Rotation was good. Motion of the spine was good. Elbows and shoulders were benign. Examination of the hips showed pain at the extremities of rotation on the right and some limitation of internal rotation of the left hip. The knees showed minimal soft tissue thickening but no effusion. Ankles were slightly swollen and tender. There was quite marked soft tissue swelling and tenderness of the right third metatarsal head and of the left first metatarsal head. There were patches of psoriasis over her scalp with con­ siderable loss of hair especially in the frontal area. She had been told by her dermatologist that her hair had "gone to sleep" because of the shock of the acute illness. Laboratory data revealed a hemoglobin of 10.9 and a white cell count 11.9 with normal differential. Sedimentation rate 62. Rheumatoid factor negative. A A negative (although, on several occasions, it was positive in a dilution of 1:28). Urine examination showed a trace of protein on several occasions. Initially, I followed her on a conservative program. This in­ cluded aspirin, approximately 6 tablets daily and Indocin ap­ proximately 3 tablets daily. She remained at home on a program including, predominantly, bed rest. Schooling was by a home tutor. d- SUMMER, 1982 15 Dr. Theodore Popodemetriou and patient. �.. Drs. John Lourio, Fronk Evans. Jomes Nolan, Leonard Kotz, Roseanne Berger, Jomes O'Leary. Unfortunately, one full year of conservative treatment was not accompanied by any significant improvement. The sedimen­ tation rate remained extremely high. Although evidences of ac­ tive joint involvement were confined to a few joints, only, it was obvious that she still had active rheumatoid disease. Her psoriasis also continued to be active. Clearly, some measure should be initiated to try to arrest the continuous activity of this young person's disease. Despite the fact that, traditionally, the presence of psoriasis is deemed to be a contraindication to gold therapy, careful consultation with several colleagues indicated that this was a relative rather than absolute contraindication. On June 28, 1978 we started, very carefully, with a program of intramuscular Mychorysine inj ec­ tions. These were continued until May 10, 1979 by which time she had received a total of 450 mgm. of gold preparation. Unfor­ tunately, this was not accompanied by any improvement. Urinalyses continued to show proteinuria, in trace amounts and this, together with the lack of clinical response, led to a decision to discontinue treatment on May 10, 1979. On October 16, 1979 I wrote to Dr. Hoak, her dermatologist, as follows: "For some time I had felt that low dose steroid therapy would be justified with this young person, particularly because, at this stage of life, it is essential that she begin to achieve a greater degree of independence from her parents and begin to "live her own life". She was adverse to steroids, fearful of gaining weight and getting a "puffy face". evertheless, she finally consented and on July 5, we started her on prednisone in a dose which, after a bit of trial and error, stabilized at 5 mgm. in the morning and 2.5 mgm. in the evening. She continued to take Indocin, one tablet every morning, aspirin 6 tablets daily, ferrous sulfate and cream for the psoriasis." In late September 1979 she tried to undertake part-time employment in the record room at the Children's Hospital. The weight of the records proven to be too much for her sore wrists, and she had to give up this position. She started college on a close to full-time basis in the fall of 1980. She did well in her studies and with her social life. 16 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIAN �.. Her condition remained somewhat the same until February 1981. By this time, both her psoriasis and arthritis were somewhat better. I had been concerned, however, because she was develop­ ing a puffy face even on a very low dose of Prednisone (5 and 6 mgm. per day alternating). She had missed her menstral period in January. She was beginning to show rather striking striae and other evidences of Cushingoid appearance. Concerned that she might be developing an adrenal tumor, I switched her from Prednisone to Cortisone, 4 tablets daily for 3 days and then obtained a serum cortisol level. This returned at 5.8 UG/DL [normal range between 6 and 29 UC/DL). Over the course of the ensuing three months her course was characterized by increasing "Cushingoid" appearance, and in­ creasing erythroderma which began to extend over her entire body. She was treating the skin lesions with large doses of steroid ointment (2.5% hydrocortisone in vase line base). Her der­ matologist consistently maintained that her Cushingoid appearance could not be due to the amount of steroids she could be absorbing through her skin. By May, 1981, however, it was apparent that this thesis was in error. At the advice of Or. Hans Kipping, she was switched to a much more dilute concentration of corticosteroid (1% ). with gradual resolution of her erythroderma and decrease in her Cushingoid appearance. By mid June, 1981 her features were beginning to return toward normal. Articular symptoms, which had been in abeyance during the 4 to 6 months, began to become somewhat more active again. We were able, however, to reduce her oral Prednisone to 2 mgm. per day, which dose she is taking al present. I should point out that, approximately two years ago, as a result of discussions with a priest, Susan achieved a much more constructive attitude toward life, herself, and her illness. Although this optimistic spirit was tested and tried, greatly, dur­ ing the spring of 1981, it has stood her in great stead. She has achieved a positive outlook on life, a much greater sense of responsibility for her own illness, and a determination to con­ tribute something in life, and to enjoy life, despite her continuing chronic illness. d- SUMMER, 1982 17 �Both she and her parents have been quite concerned over the fact that she has gradually developed hyperextension deformities of several fingers. Measures to prevent these from becoming worse have been discussed with Dr. Papademetriou. The orthopedic aspects of her case are being followed, carefully, so that surgical intervention can be initiated in a preventive rather than purely curative fashion. In summary, Susan has managed to adapt to two difficult chronic illnesses. Both are of unknown cause, uncertain cure, and poorly understood interrelationship. Both lead to certain obvious changes in appearance, and in capability to participate in normal activities of a young adult. Susan has responded well to this challenge. At times, however her combination of diseases becomes "too much" for her and even for her physicians, and the entire system comes under great stress. We have always been honest with her and her parents and believe that we have a good relationship. After the patient and her mother left, Dr. Theodore Papademetriou, clinical professor of orthopedics, showed slides and questioned the students. Medical management comments were made by Ors. Martin Wingate, professor of gyn/ob, emeth, Papademetriou, Wilson and Calkins. Dr. Pessar noted that Susan was a very courageous person and that her emotional life had also been affected by her illness. Dr. Pessar told the students that they would have tensions in dealing with patients. Most of the time patients can best be helped by primary physicians, rather than psychiatrists. The students learned what was to be expected of them during their two years of clerkship from several faculty members who discussed their respective disciplines. They were: Ors. James olan, professor and chairman of medicine; Erika Bruck, professor of pediatrics - emeritus; James Evans, associate professor of surgery; James O'Leary, professor and chairman of gyn/ob; Roseanne Berger, clinical assistant professor of family medicine; John Lauria, associate professor and chairman of anesthesiology; and Linda Pessar. Dr. Leonard Katz, associate dean, congratulated the students on the excellent job they had done on the boards. He talked brief­ ly about the transition to the clinical years and said, "very ex­ citing times are ahead for all of you. As young physicians you must learn to communicate with your patients and other members of the health team." In closing Dr. Calkins told the students how they would be evaluated and reviewed. "Half way through your rotation an evaluation will be made of your strengths and weaknesses. You will have a chance to discuss this with your preceptor and make adjustments. Your student days are behind you; your professional days ahead; respect your patients and dress properly.'' □ 18 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Student Awards Six second and third year students shared eight awards in a mini convocation on the first day of classes. After the ceremony they joined their classmates in a picnic at Baird Field on the Main Street Campus. James Corasanli won three awards - the Ernest Witebsky Memorial in microbiology and the Douglas Riggs in pharmacology and the Kornell Terplan in pathology. Charles White won two awards - the Jomes A. Gibson & Wayne J.Atwell in anatomy and the Edward L. Curvish in biochemistry. Annette McDermott also won this award. Other award winners Josephine Ross, Charles Boudo in Family Practice; Mitchell Karmel, John Sheffer, pathology; Patrick Hurley, Farney R. Wurlitzer in psychiatry. □ Fifth Pathway Twenty-one entering fifth pathway medical students, who will be here for nine months for clinical training, were in­ troduced by Dr. John Richert, assistant dean. They are: Philip J. Aliotta, Agnes Blau, Francis J. Catanzarita, Kevin J. Ciccone, Ke­ vein J. Egan, Donna L. Ehlers, Philip V. Felice, Paul R. Hokr, Thomas C. Kockinas, John R. Macaluso, Milan Mirolovich, Mark . Monroe, Thomas C. Moy, David J. Odland, David W. Reagan, Roy R. Reardon, Robert P. Rosenberg, Judith E. Sherman, Charles V. Sperazza, Robert A. Weiner, and John V. Yacono. Fifteen American students, who had completed their basic science requirements, came to the campus August 3 for an inten­ sive two week orientation. Then they joined the junior class for the clinical years. The transfer students came from both foreign and American universities. The four-year HEW grant expired ac­ cording to Ors. John Richert and Joseph Aquilina, co-directors of this year's program. The new students from City University of ew York Virginia Chang, Alex Frank, Steven Lee, Peter Mazzoni, Allison Pataky, and ewton Seiden; from University of Padova, Italy Nicholas Aquino; from University Auton de Tamaulipas, Tam­ pico, Mexico - Edward J. Coleman; from Faculte Libre de Medecine, Lille, France - John C. Krusz; from St. George's University, Granda, WI - Francis C. Mezzadri; from American University of the Carribean, Plymouth, Montserrat - JoAnn C. Pravata; from University of Tennessee Center - Brooke D. Durland; from SU Y Downstate Medical Center - Bradley H. Cresto!; from ew York Medical College - Ronald D. Greco; and from Loyola University - Michael S. osanov. Individual picture taking followed the session. □ SUMMER, 1982 19 15 Transfers �Exercise and Good Health Exercise makes an important contribution to health and makes physical and physiologic improvement to many body systems, according to Dr. Ralph S. Paffenbarger Jr. "Exercise is winning the battle as insurance that helps prevent heart attacks." The Stanford University professor of epidemiology noted ex­ ercise has been the most striking change in our life style of the 20th century. "It is not a health fad. It is not as lonely as it used to be." The Harrington lecturer zeroed in on several studies that prove physical activity prevents heart attacks. "Even a moderate amount of physical activity can reduce heart attacks." Dr. Paffenbarger observed that there was a lower rate of heart disease among farmers, mail carriers, construction men, railroad workers, and others who have occupations that require physical effort. High energy output on the job lessens heart attack risk. "Smoking, obesity, diet and high blood pressure are major risk factors that often lead to heart attacks," the physician­ educator said. "Less smoking has been one of the major factors in the reduction of heart attacks in the last decade." He cited a study of San Francisco longshoremen from 1951 to 1972 that proved conclusively that physical activity reduces heart attacks. Even people who had a history of heart .problems were not harmed by high energy output. People who participated in vigorous sports had fewer heart attacks than people who did nothing. Long term physical activity proved to be good for men. Dr. Paffenbarger cited a study of the life style of 50,000 former Harvard and University of Pennsylvania students. Most of the physical activity of this group was centered around yard work, walking, jogging, climbing steps and sports. Those who walked less than five blocks a day were a higher risk (coronary disease) than those who played vigorous sports. "The less active a person is the more likely he is of having a heart attack," Dr. Paffen­ barger said. "People with a family history of heart problems - who also are diabetic, smoke, have high blood pressure and are obese can lower the risk of heart attacks by exercising," the physician said. From a clinical view people with hypertension are the greatest heart risks; those with a sedintary life style, smokers and obese people are also likely heart victims. People who have a family history of heart problems are least likely heart victims. Dr. Paffenbarger made these observations: - the style and level of activity is important; - the greater the physical activity the lower the heart attack risk; - men who have been active in their teens must maintain their activity during their adult life or they will be more likely to have a heart attack; - conversely men who were inactive in early life will decrease their heart attack risk if they increase their physical activity; - an active life style both at work and during leisure time reduces the risk of heart attacks; - people who don't smoke and aren't obese or hypertensive are less likely to have heart attacks; 20 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �- men who have survived one heart attack will be more likely to live and survive another if they maintain some physical activi­ ty as opposed to being sedintary; - walking rapidly burns up lots of energy; - work up a sweat; - do something you enjoy - jog, swim, run, play golf, tennis or squash; - happiness is high energy output; - physical activity makes for a longer life. In the future we must find out what kind of exercise is need­ ed and best for all of us. We must learn more about the intensity, frequency, timing and duration of exercise. We must learn how to measure physical activity. In conclusion Dr. Paff enbarger said, "The true test of in­ telligence is not how much we know or how we do it, but how we behave when we don't know what to do." □ Dr. MartinRetires Dr. Ronald E. Martin, M'43, of Eden, .Y. retired in January as director of clinics at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center. He recalls the days of house calls and delivering babies at home. As a battalion surgeon with the 10th Ar­ mored Division, he was on the front lines, dispensing first aid. During the Battle of the Bulge he was captured by the Germans. For two weeks he treated German and American wounded, until the Americans attained supremacy. "There was no way of moving hundreds of wounded, so we just sat there," he recalled. For gallantry in action, Dr. Martin was personally awarded the Silver Star by General George S. Patton. "He was a man who wasn't afraid to come up to the front lines," Dr. Martin says. "Most generals saw nothing of the action." Returning home, Dr. Martin joined his un­ cle, Dr. Grover Priess, in his general practice in Eden. In 1951, he was recalled as an army reservist and sent back to Germany for two years, this time doing administrative work as a regimental surgeon with the 2nd Armored Division. SUMMER, 1982 Then it was home again, where he worked with his uncle under the elder doctor's death in 1966. Dr. Martin then set up his own prac­ tice, mainly in pediatrics, the great love of his medical life. In 1976 he joined the staff of the Buffalo Psychiatric Center. "The tenure at the psychiatric center has given me an entirely different view of what psychiatric hospitals are like. I hope in the future the public will come to know that these people aren't treated badly; it's not in­ carceration." He is sorry to see the medical profession become, in the eyes of an old-time general practitioners depersonalized. " owadays it's not as rewarding - you depend on your labs rather than actually physically diagnosing," Dr. Martin said. He's looking forward to spending more time in his pre-Civil War home, and catalogu­ ing his extensive collection of antique medical implements and books. Many of them came from the estate of another doctor­ predecessor, a Dr. Shaw who returned from treating the Civil War wounded to set up practice in Eden 117 years ago. □ 21 �J Parents' Weekend .... Dr. Kotz Dr. Middleton. Dean Approximately one-half of the families of first year medical students attended the first annual parents weekend last October. The guests toured and saw demonstrations in several of the basic science departments anatomical sciences, biochemistry, biophysics and physiology - on the main street campus. There was a reception for parents and students at the Buffalo/Erie County Historical Society. On Sunday after­ noon there were special tours and demonstrations of several clinical departments at the Erie County Medical Society. Dean John aughton talked briefly to the parents about medical education. Other faculty participants: Ors. George Alker, Michael Anbar, Harold Brody, Alexander Brownie, Edward Carr, Richard Condit, John Cotter, Barry Eckert, Murray Ettinger, Karen Ferguson, Chester Glomski, Glen Gresham, Perry Hogan, Leonard Katz, Frances Klocke, Frank Mendel, James olan, Jan ovak, David Pendergast, John Richert, Randolph Sarnacki, Frank Schimpfhauser, Maggie Wright and Joseph Zizzi. Student volunteers were: James Corasanti, James DeCaprio, Lin­ da Peterson, Juliet Seigle, Roni Shimony and Deborah Silberman. □ aughton 22 THE BUFF ALO PHYS ICIA �I A view of the city from the top floor. Dr. Gresham Morion Morionowsky Dr. Francis Klocke SUMMER, 1982 23 �Dr. Koslow Dr. Alan R. Koslow, M'78, is involved with a collection of implements detailing medical progress in recent centuries. Several thou­ sand pieces of medical memorabilia, recently unwrapped after two decades of obscurity in a basement, were catalogued recently at Stanford University Medical Center's Lane Library by a third-year surgical resident with a yen for history and collectibles. Many of the objects pay unwitting tribute to superstition. The oldest instrument, dating back to about 1690, is a scarifier which was used to suck blood and serum from the ill. The rationale for the painful treatment now known to be useless was the ancient belief, spawned by the Greek philosopher Hip­ pocrates, that the body was comprised of humors - bite, blood and phlegm - which needed to be drained when one became dominant. The scarifier consists of one or more blades, about a quarter inch long, and a separate cup. After cuts were made, the cup was placed on the body heated, so that as it cooled it would draw out blood. Later models were equipped with ad­ justable blades a testament to technological skill but still fell short of today's medical knowledge. Dating back more than 100 years ago or­ nately carved scalpels and saws, usually with ebony or ivory handles. The intricate, artistic designs caused death for those persons whose skin was opened, since the nooks and crannies on the sculptured surfaces were marvelous spawning grounds for infection in a day before sterilization. As recently as the turn of the current cen­ tury, specially designed forceps were used to crush heads of infants who were too large at their moment of birth to pass through their mother's pelvis. Such devices predated the now-routine Caesarean section, which allows the baby to be removed while sparing the mother and baby's life. From dusty boxes stored in the basement for more than two decades, Dr. Koslow iden­ tified, photographed and catalogued the 24 collection he estimates to be valued at about $500,000. The pieces had been wrapped in "1959 newspapers, which gives us a clue that they were wrapped up when the Medical Center moved down from San Francisco 22 years ago," Koslow said in a recent inter­ view. Some of the more historically significant pieces, including an 1890 syringe kit belong­ ing to Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, are on public view in a lone display case in the library. But most of the material remains locked up in a basement case awaiting available funds for permanent display facilities. Peter Stangl, Lane Library director, said no arrangements have been finalized for public display of the collection, which he calls "significantly large. "We are genuinely hoping to find some way to display these materials in a manner which will give them the· respect they deserve. But even until then, the cataloguing efforts of Kowlow enable our staff to preserve the valuable material we have or hope to receive in a safe and proper manner." According to Dr. Koslow, "The important thing about the collection is the scope. It has an example of just about every major field, except for anesthesia." Dr. Koslow is hesitant to rank the medical collection against other universities, but he estimates that it might be in the top 10 or so in the nation in terms of quality and quantity. Most of the pieces arrived at Stanford haphazardly, often as bequests from widows or their attorneys, unsure what to do with a doctor's personal instruments. But their fate until Dr. Koslow's arrival was uniform - obscurity. "It was serendipity, really," said Stangl about how Koslow's talents were matched with the collection. Claire Still, who retired as medical history librarian at Lane, chatted one day with Dr. Koslow and learned he had attended the University of Buffalo. She asked if he knew a young medical student who had catalogued a small implement collection there. THE BUFF ALO PHYSIC IA �Dr. Koslow knew him well. It was he. And for the next few months, the surgical resident spent the miniscule hours of free time he was able to budget each week at identifying the wide array of often gruesome, sometimes beautiful, and occasionally puzzling tools. Using a skill picked up on vacation trips, Dr. Koslow photographed - using a light box and the advice of Medical Center staff photographers - each item for additional cataloguing. "I consider myself more of an historian than a collector in that I get as much joy from cataloguing and working with someone else's as I do from my own collection." Dr. Koslow, an admittedly addicted collector, does maintain his own small medical artifacts collection and also, as a hobby, collects stamps - all with medical themes. "Just about everything I do is medical," laughs Koslow. The painstaking work for Dr. Koslow at Lane Library involved matching various im­ plements with various catalogues, many of which were in the Lane Collection. "What you do is you look back a year at a time until the particular item isn't there anymore. Then you figure it was introduced the next year, and that's often how you date objects," he explained. Storing data mentally is a crucial skill for the cataloguer. "There was one particular scissors, I just couldn't identify," said Dr. Koslow. "I just kept it in the back of my mind until one day I ran across it in a catalogue." While the collection as a whole, Dr. Koslow estimates, is worth about $500,000, in­ dividual implements are worth from about $5 to $300, while several large surgical kits range in value up to about $6,000. "Those came from a day when the sur­ geon had to supply his own tools. The cases were ornate and the doctor carried it around from operation to operation. Before steriliza­ tion became a common practice in the last decades of the 19th century, the knives often were simply wiped off and put back in their crushed velvet container, where an often deadly array of germs waited on the metal to be inflicted into the next patient. SUMMER, 1982 "We can learn a lot about medicine by looking at these knives," said Dr. Koslow. For example they would make double-sided knives, "so in an amputation they could go around first one side and then without turn­ ing the knife, they could reach around and get the other side. "Speed was essential in the days before anesthesia, because of the humane need to finish as soon as possible to reduce the patient's suffering." While many of the devices, including the scarifiers, are testaments to outdated and now rejected practices, the collection in­ cludes several precursors of hope. Among these are two listerizers, looking a bit like kerosene lamps, which were used to vaporize carbolic acid as a disinfectant. Starl­ ing around 1870, these devices were the first major breakthrough in surgical infection con­ trol and drastically reduced deaths. From the 1840s comes a trephine set, used to drill holes in people's heads to release "evil humors" from the brain. While the superstitious practice, which originated in prehistoric times, is of course extinct, the technique has been adapted to modern day surgery. Doctors occasionally cut a hole in the skull to release the pressure of blood or water on the brain. As for Dr. Koslow, he is taking two years off after his third year of residency to pursue a two-year research project in Bethesda, Maryland under the auspices of the American Red Cross. He is researching early signs in the development of hardening of the arteries, and he hopes after the project and two more years of residency to practice vascular sur­ gery - and continue collecting. □ 25 �CAT Scanning for the Clinician Computerized tomography (CT) has dra,wn much more atten­ tion than have any of the large number of advances in medical technology that took place in the 70's. CT became the target of public and political concern as an epitome of the "costly and un­ necessary" medical gadgetry. CT also became the acclaimed greatest achievement in modern medical diagnosis as reflected in the 1979 obel Prize for Medicine. It is not surprising, therefore, that the Continuing Medical Education symposium on "CAT Scan­ ning for the Clinician," was very well attended. This symposium, sponsored by the Departments of Biophysical Sciences and Radiology, included presentations by members of the two sponsoring departments. The symposium was opened by Dr. Martin Wingate, assistant dean -for continuing medical education and professor of Gyn/Ob. After a short in­ troduction about the physical principles of CT by Dr. Michael An­ bar, professor and chairman of biophysical sciences, each of the participating clinicians described the uses of CT in the area of his specialty. The seven physicians who made presentations were: Drs. George J. Alker Jr., acting chairman and clinical professor of radiology, and acting director of the radiology department, Erie County Medical Center; Paul E. Berger, clinical associate professor of pediatric radiology; James M. Hassett Jr., assistant professor of surgery, and director of emergency services, Buffalo General Hospital; David Hayes, clinical assistant professor of radiology; Donald J. Kelley, clinical instructor in surgery; Eugene V. Leslie, professor of radiology; and Jan M. ovak, assistant professor of medicine. 26 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �It was evident that CT has numerous unique applications in a variety of areas ranging from neurosurgery to internal medicine, and from emergency medicine to pediatrics. The presentations, which were followed by numerous questions from the audience, culminated in a panel discussion about the usefulness and cost effectiveness of CT as compared with other diagnostic methods. It was the consensus of the panelists that CT offers unique diagnostic information with a relatively low risk lo the patient (compared with other radiological modalities). It was also pointed out that the high sensitivity and specificity of CT scanning make it a cost­ effective technique in spite of the high cost of the equipment. This is especially true of the numerous cases where CT can be per­ formed on an ambulatory basis, while alternative procedures re­ quire hospitalization. At the end of the day participants of the symposium were in­ vited to visit the CT installations at Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo General Hospital and Children's Hospital and thus they had the opportunity to see the CT scanners in action. (MA) □ Ors. Leslie, Novak 27 �f'red McAdam Athletic Day Steve Pollack and friend 28 THE B FF ALO PHYS I CIA �Or. Leonard Kotz and students Mike Wenzel Pot Flanagan, Sharon Alger �Ors. Wesl, Murphy, Apecillo Infectious Disease Man shares his environment with a range of living organisms. Some are helpful. These aid man to fight disease. Others are harmful. These are the concern of the infectious disease division at the medical center. Its aim - to identify, treat and prevent them. Heading the newly-reopened division is Dr. Michael Apicella, professor of medicine. He returns to the Erie County Medical Center after two-and-a-half years at the University of evada (Reno) where he held a similar post. Long interested in Neisseria gonorrhea, he did research in Buffalo from 1970 to 1978. Another area of interest for Dr. Apicella is meningitis. Endocarditis and brain abscesses are the concern of Dr. Timothy West, assistant professor of medicine. His studies on staphylococcal infections have led to a test that is used to pinpoint its presence in man. The Indiana Medical School graduate completed an infectious disease fellowship at Charleston, South Carolina's Veterans Hospital before coming to Buffalo. Anerobic organisms which grow in the absence of oxygen are what interest Dr. Timothy Murphy, assistant prof e sor of medicine. He is taking a close look at those implicated in GI infec­ tions and lung abscesses. He also is studying anti-microbial agents and penicillin­ binding proteins. From his work on the latter has come a test to pinpoint its presence. Dr. Murphy completed a fellowship in infectious disease at Tufts Medical School where he earned the MD degree. □ 30 THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Dr. RobertWarner As a state employee, Dr. Robert Warner, 70, is mandated to retire in May from the center he has directed since it was organiz­ ed in 1955. Dr. Warner credits Dr. Mitchell Rubin, former head of pediatrics at Children's Hospital with being way ahead of his time in 1955 when he thought to establish the Rehab Center. What had begun as a clinic for physically crippled children over the years under Dr. Warner's push has widened to take in the mentally crippled. Dr. Warner peeked into his case record book and said that 5,134 children have come to the Rehab Center for help. Dr. Warner is equally proud of his idea that led Dr. Robert Guthrie to develop his simple test for the genetic disorder known PKU, a birth defect that untreated, leads to mental retardations. "That test, now required by law in 46 states and used in the other four and all over the world, has saved thousands of children from mental retardation and saved many millions in public and private care funds." Dr. Warner has served on Governor Hugh Carey'_s Advisory Council on the Disabled since 1977. He was also a member of the New York State Delegation to the White House Conference on the Disabled and served for one year on the Advisory Council of the New York State Division of the Office of Vocational Rehabilita­ tion. An associate professor of pediatrics at the Medical School, Dr. Warner is also a visiting teacher and chief of the rehabilitation division, pediatric staff, Buffalo General Hospital, a consultant, Millard Fillmore Hospital; and a consultant in rehabilitation medicine, Erie County Medical Center. A veteran of the Army Medical Corps, he is a graduate of Harvard College and received his M.D. from the University of Chicago. After graduation he took a rotating internship at Buffalo General Hospital in 1939, followed by a special internship in pediatrics at Children's Hospital - the beginnings of a long relationship. Dr. Warner has received many awards and honors. They in­ clude: the third annual Pediatrician of the Year Award; Variety Club Man of the Year, 1965; Greater Buffalo Advertising Club Man of the Year, 1974; Outstanding Citizen Award from the Mayor of Buffalo, 1977; Harvard Man of the Year Award, presented by the Harvard-Radcliffe Club of Buffalo, 1979; Presidential Citation from Variety Clubs International, 1980; and Communication and Leadership Award from Toastmasters International, 1980.D SUMMER, 1982 31 Dr. Worner �Summer Fellowships Twenty-three medical students participated in the annual summer fellowship program. For the first time this program is supported by a three-year, $90,450 grant from the ational Institutes of Health, according to Dr. Thomas Flanagan, professor of microbiology, the program director. The grant supports summer research efforts of medical students, according to associate director Dr. Randolph E. Sarnacki, assistant professor of social and preventive medicine. Trainees were selected from applicants who are undergraduate medical students. The students worked in laboratories under the tutelage of a mentor, who was responsible for their training. The mentors were recruited on the basis of their research competence and their experience in training young investigators. Two students - Richard Collins and Ross Greenberg - are continuing their research started last year. Others in the program are first and second year students. They each receive a $1,200 sti­ pend for ten weeks work. David Barber, " utrition and the Ability to Repair Damage to D A;" Sponsor: Dr. J. Spence. Robert Burns, Jr., "Measurement of Normal utritional Parameters in the Elderly Population;" Sponsor: Dr: Evan Calkins. Mary T. Caserta, (A.) "Red Cell Abnormalities in Association with Viral Infections;" (B.) "Effects of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (PI) upon the Deformability of Sickle Cells;" Sponsor: Dr. Richard Sills. Richard Collins, " eural Retubulization by Microvein Graf­ ting;" Sponsor: Dr. Clayton Peimer. James Corasanti, "Mice with Carcinogen;" Sponsor: Dr. Gabor Markus. Susan Danahy, "The Interrelationships between Insulin Bin­ ding and Degradation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes;'' Sponsor: Dr. John Amatruda. Andrew Francis, Jr., "Characterization of Brain Phenolsulfotransferase;" Sponsor: Dr. Jereome Roth. Gerald Grass, "The Relationship of Personality Type and Family History of Cardiovascular Disease to Hypertension and Coronary Heart Disease;" Sponsor: Dr. James Blascovich. Ross Greenberg, "Diastolic Impedance of the Coronary Cir­ culation;" Sponsor: Dr. Robert Mates. Robert Herman, "The Pathogenesis of Respiratory Synctial Virus Infection in the Cotton Rat;" Sponsor: Dr. Pearay Ogra. James Holmes, "Ventilatory Adaption to Exercise in Restric­ tive Lung Disease: Sickle Cell Anemia;" Sponsor: Dr. Frank Cerny. Margaret Kadree, "Study of Pathophysiology of Microvascular Occlusion due to Cerebral Malaria and Exploration of Therapeutic Agents which may Prevent the Occlusion;" Sponsor: Dr. Julian Ambrus. Michele Kaufman, "Assessment of Hormonal Factors which Influence Fetal Growth in Infants of Diabetic Mothers;" Sponsor: Dr. Margaret MacGillivray. Stephen Kinsman, " eurotoxicity: Structural and Functional Changes Induced on a Single Central euron;" Sponsor: Dr. Donald Faber. 32 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �Karin Klingman, "Incidence of Ampicillin and Cephalosporin­ Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Causing Serious Community Ac­ quired Infections;" Sponsor: Dr. Joseph Mylotte. Gwen Nichols, "Aging on the Function of the Autonomic er­ vous System;" Sponsor: Dr. Robert Mcisaac. Mark igogosyan, "Effects of High Pressure on Active Sodium Transport Across Toad Urinary Bladder;" Sponsor: Dr. Suk Ki Hong. Cynthia Pristach, "Critical Variables Predicting ature and Severity of Alcohol Withdrawal;" Sponsor: Dr. Cedric Smith. Karen Schupak, "Incidence, Morbidity and Motality of Pneumococcal Disease at the Buffalo VA Medical Center;" Spon­ sor: Dr. Thomas Beam. Eveline Traeger, "Role of Fertilization Envelope Hardening in the Prevention of Polyspermy;" Sponsor: Dr. Herbert Schue!. Charles White, "Development of a Computer Assisted Medical Information Acquisition System;" Sponsor: Dr. Robert Spangler. Maurice Wolin, "Determination of Diffusion Coefficients; · Sponsor: Dr. Leon Farhi. Benson Zoghlin, "Aging on the Function of Sympathetic Ganglion;" Sponsor: Dr. Robert Mcisaac. □ Dr. Leon E. Farhi is the new chairman of the physiology department. He is internationally known for his pioneering work on the effects to man of carbon monoxide, one of the major en­ vironmental pollutants. The physiology professor joined the U/B faculty in 1958. In the last 25 years he has received numerous grants to study man's relationship with the environment. Recently he captured a coveted spot for one of his experiments on a future flight of the space shuttle. His proposal for a blood-circulation experiment, which can be carried out on the shuttle but not here on earth, was chosen by the ational Aeronautics and Space Administration as one of 25 for a future shuttle trip that will be devoted entirely to the life sciences. A native of Cairo, he received the BS degree from the Inter­ national College of the American University and the MD degree from the Universite St. Joseph, Beirut. Before coming to Buffalo, he was on the faculty of Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center and completed post-doctoral fellowships at the University of Rochester and Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Farhi has been active in various scientific organizations, including the American Physiological Society, Aerospace Medical Association, the Undersea Medical Society, the American Thoracic Society and the American Heart Association. He has also served in editorial capacities for Undersea Biomedical Research and the Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology and been consultant to various health-related and scientific groups. □ SUMMER, 1982 33 Physiology Chairman Dr. Forhi �CAPDProgram Elaine, 31, is a graduate student in English. Richard, 60, and Leonard, 51, are retired. All have end-stage renal disease. Because of this, all were candidates for a new program at the medical center that allows them to be dialyzed through the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity rather than be tied to a large dialysis machine. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis or CAPD as the program is called is the first ever in Western ew York and one of the few in the nation. It is headed by Dr. J. Joseph Walshe, clinical assistant professor of medicine. The new program followed a year of planning by him, Dr. Rocco Venuto, M'67, associate professor of medicine, (director of renal ser­ vice) and two nurses specialized in renal dialysis. They are Chris Krol and Jo ce Atelson (the latter now lives in Philadelphia). A simple, safe procedure, CAPD allows patients to use the peritoneal membrane that lines the abdominal cavity as a filter to cleanse blood of impurities. Following the surgical implantation of an indwelling catheter in the abdominal wall, urses Chris Krol and Debbie Ruffino review CAPD procedure with Dr. Venuto. the patient merely adds and drains special fluid. Because some two quarts are always in the abdominal cavity, the patient, dialyzed continuously, can go about his or her business. The fluid exchange is performed by the patient four times a day over a 30-minute period (ten to add fluid, another 20 to drain it). Similar programs at other major medical centers met with varying success, according to Dr. Walshe. The approach at the medical center is different, he said. A coordinated team and a specialized four-bed unit are used. Here four skilled nurses train and treat patients. Other team members are a social worker, a dietitian, a psychologist and a medical director. Currently, one patient a week is in train­ ing. With more nurses, nursing team leader Deborah Ruffino looks for an increase in the num her of patients. To avoid infection, a major complication of the new treatment, unit nurses JoAnna Doherty and Sr. Anne Marie Ball stress the importance of a clean environment. Patients also are shown how to use special clamps and sterile dressing during the fluid ex­ change. They also learn about function of kidneys, the role of diet, etc. Once a month, patients return to the renal clinic for a tubing change at Erie County Medical Center. According to Dr. Walshe, CAPD is not for every patient. Rather, patients must be carefully selected. Some are not psy­ chologically motivated. Others have special medical problems. He notes the enthusiasm of four patients in a pilot program. "Their body chemistries were much improved over hemodialysis and intermittent peritoneal dialysis." For patients, not being tied to a dialysis machine, controlling the treatment and hav­ ing a better sense of well being is making a difference. With current knowledge, Or. Walshe believes CAPD is an effective treatment for some 35 to 50 percent of patients who have end-stage renal disease. With new research findings will come other forms of treatment, he said. But for now he believes CAPD provides the greatest freedom and independence to patients over other forms of dialysis. □ THE BUFF ALO PHYSICIA �Seventh International Conf ere nee on Defined Immunofluorescence, Immunoenzyme Studies and Related Labeling Techniques June 8 -11, 1982 Niagara Hilton, iagara Falls, .Y. This Conference meets the criteria for 18 hours of Category I of the Physicians Recognition A ward of the American Medical Association in the framework of Continuing Medical Education. It is the first in this series to be held in the U.S.A. It is being organized, with the advice from the !UIS-World Health Organization Subcommittee on Standardiza­ tion in Immunofluorescence, by the Depart­ ment of Microbiology, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, SUNY AB, the Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, SUNYAB, and the International Service for Immunodermatology Laboratories (ISIL). Three courses have been designed to present application modes of labeled-antibody techniques to practicing physicians and in­ terested scientists: one course covers Clinical Applications of Immunofluorescence and Related Labeling Techniques; another covers Laser Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorters and Use of Monoclonal Antibodies in Im­ munofluorescence and Immunoenzyme Techniques; the third covers the topic of Con- trols and Quantitation of Immunocyto­ chemistry. The Conference's over-all objective is the promotion of well-characterized and quan­ ti ta ti ve labeled-antibody studies with emphasis on their application to public health, clinical medicine, and research. More than forty invited speakers from the U.S.A. and overseas will present "the state of the art" in plenary sessions and symposia. Workshops will provide opportunity to pre­ sent and discuss recent research. Topics covered at the Conference will encompass methodology of immunofluorescence, im­ m unoenzyme and related techniques; application of these techniques to the study of autoimmunity, biophysics and biochemistry; use of these techniques in bacteriology, dermatology, endocrinology, mycology, nephrology, neurology, oral biology, parasitology, physiology, tumor im­ munology and virology. For further information, please contact R. isengard, SUNY AB, 210 Sherman Hall, Buf­ falo, ew York 14214, or call (716) 831-3787, 2905, or 831-3625. The local organizing and planning com­ mittee: E.H. Beutner, Secretary General; R.J. isengard, Chairman of Finance Committee; S. Krasny, Chairman of Accommodations Committee; 8. Albini, G.A. Andres, T.P. Chorzelski, V. Kumas, F. Milgrom, P. Orga. □ June 21-25 "The 2nd International Symposium on Infant utrition and the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract," Dr. Emanuel Lebenthal; Sheridan Brock Hotel, Niagara Falls, Canada. July 15-17 "The 5th ational Buffalo Con£ erence on Pediatric/ Adult Allergy and Clinical Immunology," Ors. Elliott Middleton and Elliot F. Ellis; The Four Seasons Hotels, Toronto, On­ tario. July 22-24 "The 14th ational Advances in Pediatrics," Dr. Elliot F. Ellis; Harrah's Marina Hotel, Atlantic City, ew Jersey. September 10-11 "The 4th Neonatal/Perinatal Fall Symposium Presents: Pharmacology and Therapeutics," Dr. Ralph J. Wynn; Buf­ falo Marriott Hotel. October 28-30 "Recent Advances in Pediatric Lung Diseases," Dr. Gerd J.A. Cropp; Hyatt Hilton Head Island, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. SUMMER, 1982 35 Pediatric Conferences �Dr. Chardack Dr. William Chardack, a graduate of the University of Paris, joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery of the University of Buffalo in 1949, when Dr. John Stewart and Dr. John Paine, then co-chairmen of the Department of Surgery, recommended his ap­ pointment as Assistant Chief, Surgical Service on the Staff of the Veterans Administration Hospital. As the first surgeon in the Hospital, which then was in preparation for receiving its first patients in January 1950, he was in charge of its early surgical organization. After Dr. James McCallum, the first Chief of Surgery, resigned to enter the private practice of surgery. Dr. Chardack became Chief of the Surgical Service, serving in this position until 1968. In the intervening years Dr. Chardack was the key person in the VA Hospital in the building of a strong program in surgical care, education and research. His personal contributions to surgical knowledge are many. In 1950 Dr. Chardack, with Dr. Mccallum, performed the first successful resection of a Pancoast tumor. Before that time, this type of lung cancer was thought to be inoperable and incurable. Since then their method has been accepted as stan­ dard surgical treatment for this cancer. Dr. Chardack introduced a wide variety of procedures in cardiac surgery, head and neck surgery, and vascular surgery to the VA Hospital practice and to the community. In 1953 he performed a resection of the ab­ dominal aorta and replacement by a homograft, which was the first operation of this type to be performed in this part of the country. He was among the first surgeons in this community to perform cardiac valvular surgery. He made noteworthy contributions to the surgical treatment of pulmonary em­ physema and esophageal cancer. He became known world-wide for his pioneering work on the development of the implantable car­ diac pacemaker. Dr. Chardack established a surgical animal research program at the VA Hospital 36 in 1952. In the 1950's and early 1960's this research program developed major in­ novations to the development of synthetic skin for the treatment of burns, coronary artery surgery, and cardiac pacemakers. The work on the development of a substitute for skin in burned patients stimulated others to continue similar research. The work on cor­ onary arterial surgery led to the development of the extensive and successful open heart surgical program which now exists at the VA Hospital. Most important, it was in the Surgical Research Laboratory that ex­ perimental work on the implantable cardiac pacemaker began in 1958. The first use of a pacemaker in a patient with heart block was in 1960. Since then its success has been shown in the dramatic reduction in death rate from heart block as well as in the improvement in the quality of life for those patients with pacemade heart rhythm. The VA Hospital establish.ed an indepen­ dent surgical residency training program when it first opened and was affiliated with the Medical School for the teaching of medical students. In the next ten years, Dr. Chardack developed a coherent un­ dergraduate surgical clerkship and an out­ standing surgical residency program. Many of the surgeons in this community had surgical training at the VA Hospital. In the mid-1960's, perceiving that the future development of high quality medical education rested on University affiliated programs, Dr. Chardack was instrumental in merging the surgical residency training program with the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital and the Buffalo General Hospital for the substantial benefit of all. About the same time he established the first Thoracic Surgical Residency training program in Buffalo and he remained as Program Director of this until 1974. The strengths of the educational programs he es­ tablished continue to flow into our current un­ iversity teaching effort. Dr. Chardack has always been an active contributor to the Medical School. These ac­ tivities were epitomized by his efforts as a co­ founder (with Dr. Small) of the School's Faculty Council. Dr. Chardack was first Presi­ dent of the Faculty Council, a body which has evolved into an important policy-making unit of the Medical School faculty, much used by the Dean of the School of Medicine in faculty governance. (A.A.G.)O THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �The Erie County Medical Center has developed a two-prong program that may improve the vision of patients with retinitis pigmentosa, according to Dr. Leonard Temme, assistant professor of physiology at the Medical School. This degenerative disease of the retina reduces vision in a patient to the size of a keyhole. The program has helped four patients increase their vision. The patients are first seen in the eye vision clinic. Here func­ tion of the central vision and peripheral areas of the retina are determined. Those who have full function in the central vision area are candidates for retraining. "When cones in this area are intact, the stimulation of light and color prompts signals to the brain. But this area also blocks signals from the perophery where rod action is faulty. Thus, signals to the brain go haywire and the patient is unable to see," Dr. Temme said. Research in the laboratories of Dr. Werner oell, professor of physiology, points to the presence of degenerative remnant cells. These continue to function and provide information to the brain. By retraining the subject, the remnant cells may be used to im­ prove vision. Through a new look at an old way to view blind areas of the retina - psychophysics - Dr. Temme has identified a number of patients for retraining. After determining how abnormal their remnant cells are, he used a grid. Its series of lined patterns are projected on a screen. Then, as a patient views the pattern, the response from the central vision area of the retina is blocked. This, Dr. Temme says, permits signals from the periphery of the retina to reach the brain. He points to the patient who, in a matter of eight hours, is able to retrain himself to see things in areas where he had no previous sight. □ Continuing Medical Education June 6 - Contemporary Hotel. Stereotactic Technique - Buffalo Hilton June 17 - Use of Calcium Blocking Agents In Iscemic Heart Disease - Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Hilleboe Auditorium. Sept. 11 - Frontiers Of Drug Therapy - Buffalo Hilton Hotel. Sept. 24, 25 - Primary Care of the Injured Hand - Buffalo Hilton Hotel. Oct. 1, 2 - Nutrition - Center For Tomorrow, Amherst Campus, SUNYAB. SUMMER, 1982 37 Better Vision Dr. Temme �Dr. Klein People Dr. Welner Dr. Fisher Three Medical School faculty members are the new medical board officers at Children's Hospital. They are: Ors. David M. Klein, president; Daniel H. Welner, president-elect; and John E. Fisher, secretary-treasurer. Dr. Klein is head of the department of neurosurgery at Children's Hospital and an associate professor of neurosurgery at U/B. A graduate of the George Washington School of Medicine, Washington, D.C., Dr. Klein has been a member of the Hospital staff since 1963. He is a charter member of the American Society of Pediatric eurosurgery, a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and he belongs to numerous other medical groups. The president-elect, Dr. Welner, will become staff president in 1984 following Dr. Klein's term. He is an attending physician al Children's, as well as a clinical associate professor of Pediatrics at U/B and a Fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Welner received his M.D. from Cornell University and has been on the Hospital staff for 32 years. Secretary-treasurer Dr. Fisher is a cer­ tified anatomic and clinical pathologist and a clinical assistant professor of Pathology at U/B. He graduated from the University College of Dublin, Ireland. Dr. Fisher holds Fellowships in the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Clinical Pathologists. He has been on the Hospital staff for 11 years and is an attending pathologist. □ Or. Gustavo Cudkowicz, professor of pathology/microbiology, presented papers at workshops at Rockefeller University and Bethesda, Maryland recently. □ 38 Dr. William Tornow, an area pediatrician took the Best of Show award at the sixth an­ nual Physician's Photo Show sponsored by the Sisters Hospital medical staff. He is a clinical assistant professor of pediatrics at U/B. Other winners in the competition were Dr. Albert Menno, Sisters Hospital, clinical assistant professor of surgery, first place in color; Dr. Grant Golden, St. Josephs Hospital, second place in color and first place in black and white; and Dr. Paul Milley, Sisters Hospital, clinical associate professor of pathology/anatomy, second place black and white. □ Dr. Erwin Neter, professor emeritus of pediatrics/microbiology, was elected an honorary member of the American Society for Microbiology. He had the highest recogni­ tion in the society based upon.his outstanding contributions to microbiology. He also spoke to the Microbiology Honor Society of the California State University at Long Beach on "Host-Parasite Relationships: Recent Developments." □ Dr. Mary L. Voorhess, professor of pediatrics, has been elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for "clinical investigation of the diagnosis and management of tumors of neural breast origin in childhood. □ Dr. Elliot F. Ellis, professor and chairman of pediatrics, spoke at a seminar of The American Academy of Allergy, ew England Deaconess Hospital. His topics: "Therapy of Childhood Asthma" and "Theophylline and Deri vates. "O Dr. S. Mouchly Small, professor of psy­ chiatry, has been elected to the executive committee, American Board of Psychiatry and eurology.0 Dr. Giuseppe Andres, professor of microbiology/pathology, gave two lectures during the Columbia University Renal Diseases Conference. His topics: "Im­ munologic Basis of Renal Disease" and "Mem brano-Prolif era live Glomerulone­ phritis."O THE B FFALO PHYSIClA �Ors. Murray A. Yost, Jr., clinical associate professor of gynecology/obstetrics and psy­ chiatry, and Philip K. Li, assistant professor of pediatrics and pathology, attended the Seminar in Laboratory Medicine and Hospital Management at Tianjin Medical College in Tianjin, The People's Republic of China. Dr. Li is the program director and it is sponsored by Tianjin Medical College and the China ational Chemical Import and Ex­ port Corp. □ Co-authors of an article, "Sociomedical Issues in the Curriculum: A Model for Institutional Change," in the Journal of Medical Education are Ors. Peter Gessner, professor of pharmacology and therapeutics; Leonard Katz, professor of medicine; and Frank Shimpfhauser, assistant dean for development and evaluation. □ Dr. Oliver H. Beahrs, internationally known head and neck surgeon, received the Roswell Park Medal of the Buffalo Surgical Society in March. The professor emeritus at the Mayo Medical School discussed factors affecting mortality and morbidity in head and neck surgery. □ People The annual giving campaign sponsored by Sisters Hospital Foundation raised $270,726 during 1981. Proceeds of the campaign were turned over to Sisters Hospital and are being used for health care equipment, the Special Care ursery (intensive care unit for new­ born babies). Seton Family Health Center in Alden, special surgical facilities, the Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, continuing education for nurses and for Lifeline, a com­ munications link between the home-bound elderly or disabled persons and the hospital. □ Dr. Gerald Sufrin is the new head of the urology department at Buffalo General Hospital and U/B. He received his M.D. at Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse. He comes to Buffalo from the Jewish Hospital, St. Louis. □ Four faculty members are the new of­ ficers of the Buffalo General Hospital Medical Staff. Dr. James R. Kanski, M'60, clinical associate professor of medicine, is the new president. Vice-president elect is Dr. John W. Cudmore, M'62, clinical associate professor of surgery. Ors. Roger S. Dayer, M'60, clinical associate professor of surgery, and Walter T. Zimdahl, clinical associate professor of medicine, are secretary and treasurer respectively. Dr. Michael T. Genco is president-elect. □ Dr. William C. Aungst, research associate professor of medicine, has been elected vice president and president-elect of the New York State Division, American Cancer Socie­ ty. He is associate director for clinical affairs at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. □ Dean and Mrs. John aughton were guests of President and Mrs. Reagan February 2 at a White House reception for the Council on Physical Fitness. □ SUMMER, 1982 Two new faculty members have joined the psychiatry department. Dr. C. Timoth Golumbeck is assistant professor and direc­ tor of residency training. He received his M.D. from The Johns Hopkins Universit Medical School. He took his residency there and at the Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic. Dr. Giovanni A. Fava is a research assistant professor. He received his M.D. in 1977 from the University of Padau School of Medicine, Italy. He was a resident in psychiatry at the Institute of eurology and Psychiatry. □ Four faculty members are officers of the Erie County Medical Center Medical-Dental Staff. Dr. Carimir F. Pietraszek, M'44, is the new president. He is a clinical professor of medicine and chief of tuberculosis and pulmonary disease. Dr. John R. Border, professor of surgery, is president-elect and director of the trama research center. The new treasurer is Or. Richard Bettigole, associate professor of medicine/pathology and director of hematology and the blood bank. Dr. Joseph R. Gerbasi, M'62, represents the volunteer staff. He is clinical associate professor of surgery. Dr. Ralph Argen. clinical assistant professor of medicine, will be secretary to the advisory board. □ 39 Dr. Pietroszek �People Dr. Cooney Dr. Donald R. Cooney, has been ap­ pointed surgeon-in-chief and chairman of the department of pediatric surgery at Children's Hospital. Dr. Cooney has served as associate chief of surgery since February, 1980, when he joined the Hospital staff. Before coming to Buffalo, he was an attending pediatric sur­ geon at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn., as well as assistant professor of Surgery at the Mayo Medical School. Dr. Cooney, an associate professor of pediatrics and surgery at U/8, is a Fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Surgeons and numerous other national and local professional societies. He is the author of many medical journal articles and is the recipient of numerous awards, including the 1979 Teacher of the Year award from the Mayo Medical School. Dr. Cooney, who received both his B.S. and M.D. degrees from Ohio State Univer­ sity, was previously a clinical instructor and resident in Surgery at Ohio State University, Indiana University and SU YAB. Dr. Cooney replaces Dr. Theodore C. Jewett Jr., M'45, surgeon-in-chief since 1957. Dr. Jewett will continue on as associate chief/ director of surgical education in the department of surgery. Dr. Jewett is professor of surgery at U/8. □ Dr. Timothy E. O'Connor, an organic chemist, has been appointed associate direc­ tor for scientific affairs at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. The native of Ireland has had 30 years of experience in cancer research. □ Dr. Lazarus Dr. Victor C. Lazarus, M'45, clinical assis­ tant professor of urology, has been elected president of the Medical Staff at Millard Fillmore Hospital. Dr. Lazarus, an attending urologist, succeeds Dr. Frank J. Bolgan, M'51, chairman of the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Other new officers are: president-elect. Dr. Peter D'Arrigo, M'56, clinical assistant professor of medicine and attending in Medicine: secretary, Dr. Norman Hornung, M'61, clinical instructor in urology, attending urologist: and treasurer, Dr. Henry Carls. attending surgeon. He is a clinical associate in surgery at U/B.O 40 Dr. Lawrence D. Jacobs, clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology and clinical associate professor of neurology and research assistant professor of physiology, has written a scientific report published in the November 1981 issue of Science magazine. The article is entitled, "Intrathecal Interferon Reduces Ex­ acerbations of Multiple Sclerosis.'' □ The Erie County Medical Center will open Western ew York's only in-patient unit for the treatment of drug addicts. It will be a 20-bed unit in a wing of the hospital's 9th floor. Patients 16 years and older will receive a 14 to 21-day treatment to rid their bodies of their drug dependence. The program will include 24-hour observation, counseling and post-hospital follow-up with existing services. □ Dr. Saxon Graham, professor and chair­ man of social & preventive medicine, has been named to the board of directors of the American College of Epidemiology. □ Dr. Dennis Sullivan, assistant professor of pediatrics, has taken over as program direc­ tor of the pediatric services of Children's Hospital at the Roberto Clemente West Side Health Center. Or. Sullivan has been chief of ambulatory pediatrics at Children's Hospital. □ Fifteen area urologists, most of whom are either U/8 alumni or faculty members, received special awards recently for their 25 years of service. Dr. Datta G. Wagle, clinical assistant professor, made the awards to Ors. Lawrence Carden, M'49; Robert Franz, M'49; George Futitt, M'45; Thomas Kaiser, M'43; Melbourrne Lent, M'43; Victor Lawarus, M'45; William Staubitz, M'42; Edgar Slotkin, M'34; Joseph D. Errico, Edward Fink, Maurice Gonder, Pasquale Greco, Imre Magoos, William Miesen, G.S.M. Wilson. □ Dr. Sambamurthy Subramanian, professor of surgery, was honored as "Man of the Year" by the Bailey-Delavan Businessman and Taxpayers Association in February. He is chief of cardiovascular sur­ gery at Children's Hospital. □ THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA �The Classes The Classesof the 1920s Dr. Lawrence L. Carlino, M'27, has been in private practice since 1929. He has had senior surgical privileges in three hospitals in the Lewiston area since 1968. He is spend­ ing his winters at his Miami home. He still lives most of the year at 920 Mohawk St., Apt. 203, Building One, Lewiston, N.Y. 14092. He has authored a physics book, "The Protospin Theory of the Universe," that will be off the press in early summer. He is active in several local and state professional societies. □ Dr. L. Maxwell Lockie, M'29, has joined the Millard Fillmore Hospital staff as a con­ sultant in rheumatology. He is professor of therapy and medicine at U/B. Dr. Lockie's involvement in medicine dates back to the late 1920s when he graduated from the University of Buffalo, School of Medicine, and began his residency at Buffalo General Hospital. In 1931, while working as an assistant resident at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, Dr. Lockie started an arthritis clinic. He co-founded the American Rheumatology Association in 1957 and has acted as president. In addition to his term as president, Dr. Lockie served as chairman for the Association's Liaison Committee and acted as the liaison between the committee and the Food and Drug Administration. He believes that his success in this liaison posi­ tion was due to his education in phar­ maceuticals. Dr. Lockie earned a degree from the University of Buffalo, School of Phar­ macy, in 1923. During his career, Dr. Lockie pioneered the use of British anti-lewisite (B.A.L.) as a treatment for gold poisoning. Dr. Lockie's research efforts also included studies on gout. By learning how to produce gout at­ tacks, Dr. Lockie discovered causes for these attacks. Therefore he was able to treat gouty patients effectively by adjusting their diets. Dr. Lockie has co-authored more than 125 medical papers and textbook chapters. He is a Professor of Therapy and Medicine at the State University of ew York at Buffalo and travels throughout the world, lecturing on arthritis. □ SUMMER, 1982 The Classesof the 1930s Or. Samuel R. Patti, M'34, has retired. He has been active in several professional or anizations. He lives at 501 Deer St., Dunkirk, .Y. 14048.D Dr. Niels G. Madsen, M'35, has retired and lives at 840 Galen Or., State College, Pa. 16801. He remains active in several professional organizations plus UKEWATCH, World Constitution & Parlia­ ment Association, Union of Atomic Scientists, Union of Concerned Scientists, American Humanists, PLANETARY CITIZE , AACP, PUGWASH, and Unitarian-Universalist Fellowship Association. □ The Classesof the 1940s Dr. Ronald E. Martin, M'43, of Eden was honored at a special retirement party in January for his 30 years of service as a general practitioner. The last five years he has been director of clinics at the Buffalo Psychiatric Center. During World War II he was a battalion surgeon with the 10th Ar­ mored Division. He was captured by the Ger­ mans during the Battle of the Bulge and treated both Germans and Americans. For 12 years he devoted his day off to serving at the Cattaraugus Indian Reservation. He was also deputy Erie County medical examiner for several years. □ Dr. Louis Hertz, M'47, is in family prac­ tice. His office address: 3465 Taylor Road, P.O. Box 130, Loomis, Ca. 95650.0 Dr. George L. Collins, Jr. M'48, has been elected a delegate from the Medical Society of the State of New York to the House of Delegates of the AMA for two years. He is a clinical assistant professor of medicine. □ The Classesof the 1950s r. Milford C. Maloney, M'53, a car­ diologist, was named "1982 Man of the Year" of the Western ew York Chapter, American Heart Association. He is past president of the chapter, clinical professor of medicine at U/B, and president of the Erie County 41 �Medical Society. He is also chairman of the department of medicine at Mercy Hospital, and past president of the U/B Medical Alum­ ni Association. □ diagnostic breast center at Santa Monica Hospital. He has authored many scientific ar­ ticles and lives at 527 N. Alpine Dr., Beverly Hills, Ca. 90210.D Dr. William R. Kinkel, M'54, has been elected president of the American Society of euroimaging. He is clinical professor of neurology and anatomy and director of the Dent Neurologic Institute at Millard Fillmore Dr. August J. D'Alessandro, M'65, is af­ filiated with the Fairfield Hills Hospital, Newtown, Ct. where he is unit chief psychiatrist-geriatric and treatment services. He is also a consultant at the Wassaic Development Center, Wassaic, N.Y. and medical director, Catholic Family Services, Danbury, Ct. He and his wife and two children live in ewtown, Ct. 06470, Box W.D Hospital. □ Dr. H. Albin Leonhardt, M'55, was elected a member of the International Arthroscopic Association last September. The orthopedic surgeon lives at 35 E. Madison Ave., Florham Park, .J.07932.D Dr. John H. Peterson, M'55, is chairman of the gynecology/obstetrics department at Armed Forces Hospital, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. His work involves the organization and administration of this department. He has had many unique clinical experiences and opportunities. Before going to the Middle East Dr. Peterson was clinical professor of gyn/ob at Buffalo General Hospital and clinical assistant professor at U/B. He plans to return to Buffalo in January, 1983. His ad­ dress is Box 570, Dhahran Airport, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. □ Or. Jean George Haar, M'56, is the new chairman of the otolaryngology department at Buffalo General Hospital. He is clinical professor of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the Medical School. In 1951 he received a DOS from U/B.D Dr. Germante L. Boncaldo, M'57, was a consultant in clinical rheumatology at Ghubu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan in December. 1982.D The Classesof the 1960s Dr. Harry Metcalf, M'60, has been ap­ pointed to the commission on public health and scientific affairs of the American Academy of Family Physicians. He is director of admission and clinical assistant professor of family medicine. □ Dr. Saar Porrath, M'61, is assistant clinical professor of radiology at UCLA Medical School. Dr. Porrath directs the newly opened 42 Dr. Patrick J. Kelly, M'66, associate professor of neurosurgery at U/B was among nine honored as "Citizens of the Year in Buf­ falo Medicine," by The Buffalo News. He uses computer and CAT scan x~ray to create a model or "road map" of the human brain and tumors. This system was developed while he was at the Erie County Medical Center. He is now chief of neurosurgery at Sisters Hospital. He has authored several manuscripts for medical magazines in recent months. His several medical memberships include the American & World Society for Stereotactic and Functional eurosurgery, and the Congress of Neurological Surgeons. He lives at 96 Cleveland Ave., Buffalo, .Y. 14222.D The American College of Physicians [ACP) announced that Dr. Stanley J. Bodner, of Donelson, T , has been elected to Fellowship in the 53,000-member national medical specialty society. Dr. Bodner, a specialist in Internal Medicine and Inf ec­ tious Diseases, was honored during the Con­ vocation ceremony at the College's Annual Session in Philadelphia, April 19-22, 1982. Dr. Bodner is one of 16,000 physicians honored with Fellowship in the College 649 have been elected this year. A 1967 graduate of the U/B School of Medicine, Dr. Bodner has been a resident of Hermitage and Mt. Juliet for eight years and is on the staff of the Donelson, Southern Hills, ashville Memorial Madison Hospitals. He is an Assis­ tant Clinical Professor in the Department of Medicine at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. □ THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA r �Dr. Anthony J. LoGalbo, M'67, recently moved from Upstate ew York to Denver. He is an orthopaedic surgeon. He is living at 8651 Jamison Ave., Englewood, Colorado 80112.D Dr. Erwin J. Haas, M'68, was elected a Fellow, American College of Physicians recently. He conducted the 6th annual Grand Rapids infectious diseases symposium last year. He is married to Kristen Kitfsteiner, MD. They have two children and live at 2150 E. Beltline SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506.D Dr. Milton P. Kaplan, M'68, is assistant clinical professor of medicine (dermatology) at the University of Southern California Medical School. His new address is 2190 Westshore Lane, Westlake Village, Ca. 91361.D The Classesof the 1970s Or. Donald George, M'76, is assistant professor of pediatric gastroenterology at the University of Florida. He lives in Gainesville, Florida 32610.D Or. Patrick R. Hayes, M'76, completed his residency in neurology at Ohio State Univer­ sity in July. He has been board certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. He lives at 5248 Dory Lane, Columbus, Ohio 43220.0 Or. Carlos Schenck, M'76, lives at 4715 Girard Ave., South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55409.D Or. Brian S. Kaufman, M'77, in July became assistant professor of medicine at the Chicago Medical School and director of the medical surgical intensive care unit of the orth Chicago Veterans Administration Hospital. Or. Kaufman completed a two-year fellowship at the Ellis Hospital Critical Care .Y. before moving to Center, Schenectady, Or. eil Carroway, M'70, is assistant clinical professor of medicine at the Univer­ sity of Rochester Medical School. He has been director of ambulatory services at Genesee Hospital since January 1981. He lives at 101 Thachez Rd., Rochester, .Y. 14610.D Dr. Bernard Traub, M'77, has been ap­ pointed associate pathologist at Millard Fillmore Hospital. □ Dr. Stanford S. Davidson, M'71, is assis­ tant clinical professor of ophthamology at the Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA Medical School. Dr. Davidson, his wife Joan and children Lisa, Josh and Alex live at 1525 Via Arco Palos, Verdes Estates, Ca. 90274.D Dr. Duret S. Smith, M'77, is chief resident, orthopedic surgery at Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse. In July he begins a Fellowship in surgery of the hand with Dr. John Madden in Tucson, Arizona. □ Or. Joseph Manno, M'72, is chief of the ophthalmology department, Metropolitan Eye and Ear Hospital, Atlanta, Ga. His home address: 5375 Long Island Dr., N.W., Atlanta, Ga. □ Dr. Paul H. Wierzbieniec, M'74, is a Fellow, American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. He is a clinical instructor in orthopedics at U/8. □ Dr. John J. Bodkin II, M'76, has been elected chief, department of family practice, Lockport Memorial Hospital, ew York. He is a clinical instructor in family medicine at the Medical School. He lives at 185 Bramble .Y. □ Court, Williamsville, SUMMER, 1982 Chicago. □ Dr. Kenneth L. Glick, M'78, is entering private practice in July. His specialty is inter­ nal medicine. He has been chief medical resident at Baltimore City Hospital and in­ structor in medicine at Johns Hopkins University. During his internship in 1978-79 he won the Howard K. Rathbun Award for clinical excellence. He lives at 7 Sugarloaf Court #210, Baltimore, Md. 20209.D The Classesof the 1980s Dr. Brian Chamides, M'81, is serving his residency at ew York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, in pathology. He live at 434 E. 70 St., Apt. 6-D, ew York, .Y. 10021.D 43 �In Memoriam Dr. Elias Blaustein, M'54, died in Tustin, California February 28.D Dr. Howard R. Lawrence, M'35, died February 13. The 10-year Tucson resident was 70 years old. He was born in Hornell, .Y., attended Colgate before entering medical school. He retired from the military in 1965 after serving as a flight surgeon and hospital com­ mander with the Air Force. Dr. Lawrence moved to Tucson in 1972 and founded Pima Emergency Physicians Inc., which provides emergency physicians for St. Mary's Hospital. He served as the cor­ poration's first president. While at St. Mary's, he served as a director of the department of emergency medicine. He was also a member of the hospital's executive committee and was the quality medical-care coordinator. He was a diplomate of the American Board of Preventive Medicine and the American Board of Surgery. He was also a fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine, the American College of Emergency Physicians, the International College of Surgeons and the U.S. Air Force Surgical Society, which he helped found in 1957.0 Dr. Ralph M. Colton, M'24, died March 6. The 86-year-old general practitioner retired two years ago. He was a past president of DeGraff Memorial Hospital's medical staff. He started to practice in North Tonwanda in 1943. Dr. Colton's father, the late Dr. Albert J. Colton, was a physician. One of Dr. Ralph's sons is a physician in St. Paul, Minneosta. Dr. Ralph Colton served on the Niagara County and orth Tonawanda boards of health. □ 44 Dr. Kathryn J. McMorrow, M'43, died February 2 in the Fort Wayne, Inc. Hospital. The 61-year-old physician was the only woman graduate in the 1943 class. She had practiced in Mount Clemens, Michigan since 1944. She was a Diplomate, American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Health in London, England. She was also a Fellow, American Academy of Policital and Social Services. Dr. McMorrow interned at Sisters Hospital. She spent most of her career in ichigan hospitals except for 1950-51 when she was chief resident in physical medicine and rehabilitation at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, ew York City. □ Dr. Gordon J. Culver, M'37, died February 17 in Buffalo General Hospital after a long ill­ ness. The 67-year-old headed the hospital's radiology department for 36 years before retiring in 1980. He also retired as clinical professor of radiology at U/B. Dr. Culver was a Fellow, American College of Radiology. He was active in several local, regional and national professional organizations. □ Dr. Solomon Rosokoff, M'35, died February 22 in DeGraff Memorial Hospital after a lengthy illness. He was president of the hospital's medical staff in 1947 and main­ tained his family practice of medicine from his Tonawanda office. His age was 71. Dr. Rosokoff served under General George Pat­ ton as an executive officer in the 2nd Ar­ mored Division, coordinating evacuation of the wounded from aid stations to medical treatment companies. The lieutenant colonel served in orth Africa, Sicily, England, France, Belgium, the etherlands, and Ger­ many for 32 months. He was decorated for heroism with a Bronze Star with an oak leaf cluster, a European Theater Ribbon and seven battle stars. He was also honored with the Fourreguerre Medal by the Belgian government. Dr. Rosokoff was among the first American troops to enter Berlin at the end of the European war. He was an active member of several professional societies and civic organizations. Among the several sur­ vivors is a son, Dr. James Rosokoff, a 1972 Medical School graduate. □ THE B FF ALO PHYSIC IA r - �A Message from orman Chassin, M' 45 President, Medical Alumni Association Dear Fellow Alumni: It is with great pleasure that I invite you to personally par­ ticipate in the affairs of the Medical Alumni Organization. Your individual efforts specifically contribute to the success of your organization and I urge you to send in your dues as tangible evidence of your much needed and appreciated support. Dr. Chassin -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 111111 NO POSTAGE STAMP C ARY IF 1AILED INTH U ITED STA TES BUSI NESS REPLY CARD FIR T CLASS PERMIT 0. 2210 POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, ew York 14214 BUFFALO, .Y �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIA STATE U IVERSITY OF EW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAI STREET, BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 9200 OR. 32 400 D ROBERT L. 000 BRO 156 BRAT BUFFALO 44 ROAD Y 14226 ............... ,........ ""'"' THE HAPPY MEDIUM Fill out this card; spread some happiness; spread some news; no postage needed. (Please print or type all entries.) Name -------------------------------- Year MD Received ___ _ Office Address----------------------------------------­ Home Address----------------------------------------­ If not UB, MD received from-----------------------------------In Private Practice: Yes D No D Specialty ___________________________ In Academic Medicine: Yes D No D Part Time D Full Time D Schoo] ___________________ _ _ Title Other: Medical Society Memberships:---------------------------------NEWS: Have you changed positions, published, been involved in civic activities, had honors bestowed, etc.? ____ Please send copies of any publications, research or other original work. _ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, Summer 1982 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. 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Dean Naughton's Message Post Graduate Matching Guido Baccelli, Physician, Statesman, Citizen of Rome The Clinical Years Student Awards/Fifth Pathway/Transfers Exercise, Good Health Dr. Ronald Martin Parents' Weekend Dr. Koslow CAT Scanning for the Clinician Athletic Day Infectious Disease Dr. Warner Summer Fellowships Physiology Chairman CAPD Program Pediatric Conferences Dr. Chardack Better Vision/Continuing Medical Education People Classes In Memoriam Dr. Chassin's· Message Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-02 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v16n02 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 48 p. 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For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/dcd06ed533b2e36bb0df0dbf30ffcdc9.pdf 631219349a8c365057f618070552ed09 PDF Text Text School of Medicine Slate lkliversity ci New York at BLtralo �Dean Naughton From the desk of John Naughton, M.D. Dean, School of Medicine Dear Alumni and Alumnae, Although too early to pass judgement on the proposed changes in public policy directed to the support of medical education, there is little doubt that current and prospective medical students are filled with a high degree of anxiety and uncertainty. This has been exacerbated by the apparent reality that the cost of a medical student's education will continue to escalate during a period of which the support resources will continue to diminish. Already some private medical schools have announced tuition levels for 1983-84 approaching 20,000 dollars per annum. The Federal Government has proposed reduction in such programs as the National Health Service Corps, and it would like to withdraw from the federally supported and guaranteed student loan program. While the SUNY systems current level of 4300 dollars per annum looks pale compared to those of some private medical schools, it seems large compared to most other publicly supported institutions. The students, faculty and I realize and appreciate that a part of the real world the cost of medical education will increase, and that the cost must be borne in large part by the students and their families. However, we also realize that the quality of medical professionals should not be jeopardized and that the medical profession should not be accessible only to a single class of citizen. Accordingly, I encourage each of you to familiarize yourself with the magnitude and severity of the problems and dilemmas with which we are faced. Where possible use your influence to modify and mold public policy, and to the degree possible please continue to support this medical school emotionally, intellectually and fiscally so that we can weather the storm and the problem of the 80's in a successful manner. Thank you for your continued help and assistance.O �Spring1982 Volume 16, Number 1 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN (USPS 551-860) Published by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo EDITORIAL BOARD Editor ROBERTS . McGRANAHAN Dean, School of Medicine DR. jOHN NAUGHTON Photography HUGOH . UNGER EDWARD NOWAK Visual Designers RICHARD MACAKAN)A DONALD E. WATKINS Associate Editor TERI ROBERTS CONSULT ANTS President, Medical Alumni Association DR. NORMAN CHASSIN Vice President, Faculty of Health Sciences DR. F. CARTER PANNILL President, University Foundation jOHNM. CARTER Director of Public Affairs HARRY jACKSON Teaching Hospitals The Buffalo General Children's Deaconess Erie County Medical Center Mercy Millard Fillmore Roswell Park Memorial Institute Sisters of Charity Veterans Administration Medical Center 2 3 4 5 8 12 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 34 36 37 44 48 IN THIS ISSUE Dean Naughton's Message (inside front cover) Nine Class Reunions, May 8 Dr. Chassin's Message Palliative Care Unit The 1985 Class Advisor's Luncheon Frosh Picnic Continuing Medical Education/Dr. Donahue Eight Faculty Retire Dr. Hayes' Health Center BRSG Grants Sexually-transmissible Diseases Construction/Mrs. Kimball Dr. Hess Dr. Rosner Gift Athletic Day Dr. Fisher Biochemistry Symposium A Summer Head Start Dr. Daniels Erie County Interns, Residents New Treatment Delays Births The Bat A New President Pediatric Continuing Education People The Classes In Memorial Spring Clinical Day, May 8 (inside back cover) The cover design is by Barbara Evans- see page 27. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, (USPS 551-860) Spring, 1982- Volume 16, Number 1, published quarterly Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter - by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214. Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. Please notify us of change of address. Copyright 1982 by The Buffalo Physician. SPRING, 1982 1 �Nine Class Reunions, May 8 Nine classes will have reunions during the 45th annual Spring Clinical Day, May 8. Approximately 600 physicians and their wives will attend the reunion dinners. Dr. Elmer Friedland of Buffalo, New York is chairman of the 50 year class reunion. Other members of this class: (from Buffalo) Drs. Andrew Charters, Francis Coyle, Leo Kopec, Marvin Milch, Benjamin Obletz. (From New York State) Robert Boyle, Sayville; Murray Bratt, Rocco Stio, Rochester; Arthur Cramer, Jr., Grand Island; Angelo Leone, Medina; Frank Leone, Utica; Harold Levy, Newburgh; William Lewis, Lewiston; Lawrence Loewinthan, Flushing; Raymond McCarthy, Orchard Park; Robert Northrup, Westfield; Bronislaus Olszewski, Dunkirk; Carmelo Patti, Hornell; Myrtel Vincent, Vestal; Ernest Homokay, Silver Creek; Thomas Hobbie, Sodus. (From out of state) Elmer Peterson, Escondido, California; Harvey Slocum, Galveston, Texas; Joseph Smolev, Passaic, New Jersey. (From North Carolina) Hugh McGee, Whispering Pines; Roy Reed, Winston Salem. (From Florida) Marion Chimera, Stuart; Arthur Strom, Naples; Francis Maher, East Dorset, Vermont.D Dr. Charles Banas, M'37 Pictures were not available for these reunion chairpersons: Drs. Ronald Toffolo, M'57, Owen Bossman, M'62, John P. Kelly, M'67, and Linda Kam, M'72. 2 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �from the desk of Norman Chassin, M' 45 President, Medical Alumni Association The coming spring season is a busy one for the Medical Alumni Association. On Thursday, March 18, 1982 we are co-sponsoring a program arranged in conjunction with the Erie County Medical Society Education Committee and the Medical School Office of CME. "Changes in Physician's Lifestyle" will be held at the Buffalo Marriott Inn. Physicians experienced in medical treatment of other physicians will discuss the issues of stress patterns and responses in physicians, the adaptive and impaired physician , the physician's marriage, "burn-out" and career changes among other subjects. On Sunday, April 25, 1982, local Alumni will be invited to a reception sponsored by the Medical Alumni Association at the Albright Knox Art Gallery welcoming the Senior Class into the Association. Plans are well underway for the 45th Annual Spring Clinical Day to be held Saturday, May 8, 1982 at the Buffalo Marriott Inn. The days events will include 14 scientific exhibits and a 6-hour CME program on "The Physician and Communications in Medicine". At the morning session local and out of town speakers will analyze elements operating in the physician's communication with individual sick patients with the healthy public and with other physicians. A special session will examine the complex medical and communications technology that will be increasingly available in the 1980s. The Stockton Kimball Memorial Luncheon will feature an award lecture by Dr. Dennis S. O'Leary of George Washington University relating the story of his participation as television interpreter for the medical team involved in the President Reagan assassination attempt. The day will be climaxed by reunion celebrations for the 5 year classes, 1932-1972. We anticipate meeting many returning Alumni during the course of this event.D SPRING, 1982 3 Dr. Chassin �Palliative Care Unit Drs. Magno, Milch Hospice patient Joyce Harrison relaxes in her room on the Palliative Core Unit ot BGH during o visit from Hospice Buffalo volunteer Elaine Ridler. The Palliative Care Unit at the Buffalo General Hospital, was formally dedicated September 28. The five-bed PCU, located on the first floor, is operated in cooperation with Hospice Buffalo, Inc. and is the only such unit in Western New York. Under the direction of Dr. Robert A. Milch, M'68, clinical instructor in surgery and medical director for Hospice Buffalo and a member of the BGH Department of Surgery, the PCU offers a specialized plan of care to persons with end-stage cancer. In general, patients who enter the hospice program have a life expectancy of three to six months. The guest speaker at the dedication ceremonies for the new Unit was Dr. Josefina B. Magno, president of the National Hospice Organization. Dr. Magno cited growth in the support of Hospice programs among physicians who at first were "very hostile" to the Hospice concept. " We (physicians) were taught not to treat symptoms but ra ther the underlying medical problem," Dr. Magno said. "But in a hospice program, the focus is on treating symptoms because treatment of the primary problem is no longer effective," she said. Dr. Magno established the hospice program at Georgetown University Medical Center and at one time was director of Hospice of Northern Virginia. She gave special praise to the efforts of Charlotte Shedd, executive director, and Dr. Milch, and other volunteers, who have worked hard the last several years. This is a grass-roots effort that has succeeded. About 95 percent of the estimated 10,000 patients being cared for annually in hospice programs in the United States have terminal cancer.D On hand for the dedication ceremonies of the new PCU were Mrs. Charlotte Shedd, head of Hospice Buffalo, Inc.; Dr. Robert Milch, medical director of Hospice Buffalo, Inc.; Dr. William V. Kinnard, president of BGH; Dr. fosefino B. Magno, president of the Notional Hospice Organization; and Henry Nowak, United States Congressman, 37th District. 4 TH E BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dean John Naughton Dr. John Wright Dr. Carter Pannill Jr. The most women to enter medical school- 50- received a rousing ovation from 85 new male students at the opening orientation session in August. In his welcome Dean John Naughton told the 135 new students that the new career they were about to embark on would be a challenge the rest of their lives. "We are here to stimulate and help you. We want you to be fine physicians." Dr. Naughton told the group of some of the traditions and the faculty-alumni accomplishments of the 135 year old school they were entering. He challenged them to cherish these traditions. "There have been many changes in medical education in the last decade. The funding of medical education is shifting from the government to the private sector. Individual responsibilities are back in vogue. The challenges are here and I encourage you to keep abreast of this changing world. It will be vastly different during the next decade. Good luck." Dr. F. Carter Pannill Jr., vice president for the faculty of health sciences, welcomed the new students for President Robert Ketter. "We are pleased with the posture of this medical school and this class represents a high point for us. You are among 3,000 students in the five health sciences schools [dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, health related professions). and I hope you will get acquainted with your colleagues." Dr. Leonard Katz said, "We are proud of you. This is a remarkable class. We hope to challenge you during the next four years and we want you to challenge us." The associate dean for student and curricular affairs told the students not to be concerned with the many stresses and strains that lie ahead. "This is normal and you can cope with it." The chairman of admissions told the students something about themselves. Dr. Harry Metcalf said, "You are older and wiser. Your average age is 23.2 (youngest 20, oldest 37); 14 have MA's; four have Ph.D's; one is a dentist; 98 are science majors; 11 are minorities; 65 are from Western New York; 58 from downstate; 9 from Upstate; and you come from 69 undergraduate schools. SPRING, 1982 5 The 1985 Class d- �Dr. Frank Schimpfhauser, who heads the office of educationevaluation and research, told how his staff works with students and faculty to improve teaching and learning. "We are here to help and counsel you during the next four years." The chairman of the orientation committee, Dr. Peter Nickerson, was introduced and congratulated the sophomores and juniors who were helping with the three days of orientation. Dr. Martin Wingate, assistant dean for medical education, warned the students that their education just begins when they graduate. He urged them to attend some special programs during the next four years and thereafter. There was an afternoon picnic at the end of the first day with faculty and upperclass students, plus tours, picture taking, registration and briefings. During the second day of orientation the new students had rap sessions with second year students that covered a wide variety of topics. Mr. David Bouman and Dr. Jack Richert spoke about financial aid. The students also met and heard a few words from their first year instructors and Dr. Martin E. Plaut, professor of medicine. The third and final day of orientation featured a clinical case presentation by clinical and basic science faculty, luncheon with advisors and administrators and a hospital visit with the preceptors. Drs. Peter Nickerson, Harry Metcalf, Leonard Katz, John Naughton, Martin Wingate, Carter PannilJ, John Richert, Frank Schimpfhauser. 6 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN .. �.. "This is your first day as medical students. Your contact with patients is a privilege and it must be sensitive." That is what Dr. John Wright, professor and chairman of pathology told the first year class at the clinical correlation session. "What we are talking about today you will be dealing with the rest of your clinical years, perhaps throughout your medical careers." Drs. Richard Emanuel and Robert Scheig introduced and interviewed patient X, a 55-year-old white male. He was admitted to Buffalo General Hospital in February 1976 because of two months of progressive accumulation of fluid which initially was periorbital, but subsequently involved his feet, legs, penis, scrotum and abdomen. During this time he had experienced a weight gain of 30 pounds and became fatigued quite easily. He stated that he had no energy. This was the first episode of such symptoms. He denied abdominal pain, shortness of breath, chest pain or blood in his stools. He did admit to one episode of vomiting blood two months prior to admission, but did not see a physician at that time. There was no history of peptic ulcer disease or ingestion of aspirin. During the two weeks prior to admission he noted that he was awakened twice at night to urinate. He was a chief gardner, enjoyed his work, was happily married, had several children and was in good health. He had quit smoking 30 years ago, but drank from 1112 to 21/z pitchers of beer daily. He drank no wine or whiskey, only an occasional high ball. He is a dedicated, self disciplined man. The students were given a detailed outline of the patient's physical examination and laboratory tests. In the hospital the patient was initially treated conservatively with bed rest and Aldactone (a diuretic) 100 mg four times per day. He lost 42 pounds and his abnormal girth decreased from 49 to 38 inches over five weeks. He was transfused to a hematocrit of 31. His platelets, which were initially normal, dropped to 50SPRING, 1982 7 · Dr. Cedric Smith �Clockwise from lower left: Drs. John Wrigh t, Steph en Ba rron, Peter Nicke rson, Margaret Acara, Leonard Katz, Frank Schimpfha user. 60,000. This was thought to be due to a sequestration of platelets Advisor's Luncheon in his markedly enlarged spleen. He then had a drop in hematocrit from 31 to 24 over several days with heme + stool. Because of the falling hematocrit he was sent to surgery where an end to side splenorenal shunt with splenectomy was performed. He did well post-surgically and was discharged on Lasix 20 mg per day (a diuretic), Aldactone 25 mg, three times per day, and ferrous sulfate which he continued only for a few weeks. He has done well since 1976 with no signs of encephalopathy and has had to take no medications except for a brief period during July, 1981 when he was given insulin because of diabetes mellitus. He has consumed no alcohol since his shunt surgery. Dr. Robert Scheig noted that he was an ideal patient; a nice person who has done well from recovering from a serious disease. Patient X never lost a days work, ate well and didn't realize he was an alcoholic. He never experienced a hang-over from his beer drinking. During his illness his wife was loyal and stood by him. 8 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �The patient said, "My beer drinking was a hobby that sort of got out of hand. Now I drink tea without sugar or milk." Dr. Wright showed slides of the liver and how the blood circulates. He touched on the pathology of liver disease. "Not all alcoholics develop liver disease. Liver disease isn't the only toxic affect of alcohol." Dr. S.S. Shenoy, clinical assistant professor of radiology, showed several cases of liver disease in various stages. He showed X-rays of the liver and arteries and talked about radiologic aspects and how they are addressed clinically. He also mentioned diagnostic implications. Dr. Scheig, professor of medicine, gave an overview of physical diagnosis, bio-chemistry and physiology of alcohol and liver disease. "The liver is a factory that transforms things you eat and drink into you. Each liver cell is not like every other cell. They may look alike, but they are not necessarily alike. Less than two ounces of whiskey a day improves your health; but more than two ounces a day is bad for your health." Clockwise from right: Drs. John Richert, Joseph Caruana, Cedric Smith, students, Edward Carr Jr., Israel Alvarez. d- �Dr. Cedric Smith, professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, talked about alcohol abuse and drinking patterns the occasional binge, constant drinking, and decades of drinking. He touched on brain, nerve and pancreas damage and withdrawal sickness of heavy drinkers. "Today we can sort out the high risk patients." Dr. Smith noted that in a survey of alcoholics, 87 per cent said medical care helped them shake the habit. "This is your role as a physician. Every person deserves the best of medical and diagnostic care whether they have cancer, diabetes or something else. Don't refer your patient to someone else without a complete physical. Dr. Joseph Caruana, assistant professor of surgery, talked briefly about the surgical aspects. "The treatment is based on physiology, biochemistry and anatomy and other things you will be learning in your basic science courses. Surgery is not very successful; two-thirds of the people don't leave the hospital; they die. Surgical management is only part of the picture. It is difficult to pick; the patient who should have surgery for alcoholism. Clock w ise from right: Drs. Randy Sorna cki , Soli Mata lon, Suki Hong, Ri chard Em anu e l, Jack Klingman, Marvin Bl ack. �Drs. Robe rt Sche ig, Leonard Katz, Cedric Smith, Morvin Block, Joseph Caruana. Usually the ones who have successful surgery would also do well without it. The best surgical risks are people who have good liver function." Dr. Marvin Block, M'25, clinical associate professor of medicine/emeritus, headed the panel discussion that followed. "You are in a great profession - the best in the world. One of every 10 adults who come to your office may be an alcoholic, and you may not recognize it." He defined an alcoholic as "any individual whose drinking produces adverse conditions." The internationally prominent expert on alcoholism told the students "to reach out to these people and make them believe that you care about them, their families and their problem." Then he issued a stern warning to them: "Watch your own drinking patterns. It is a problem in the profession; there are lots of drinking physicians." Dr. Brock also made these observations: - early detection and prevention is important; - alcohol is a sedative; a healthy body can handle some of it; -most alcoholics eat very well and go undiagnosed; - 90 per cent of violent crimes are committed by alcoholics; -it is a very prevalent disease; denial is always used; - alcoholics have a very low tolerance with any kind of suffering; -the unhappy, uncomfortable, miserable person feels better when he drinks because he gets into the unreal world. Dr. Leonard Katz said, "As a gasterneterologist he was in contact with many alcohol related problems. Twenty-four per cent of all adults are heavy alcohol users and 60 per cent of Western New Yorkers are heavy consumers. Rehabilitation is very low - five to ten per cent, but if the problem is identified early 60 to 80 per cent can be saved." Dr. Katz admitted that there is an alcohol-drug problem among medical students, "Alcoholism is and will continue to be a part of your life as a physician. There is a very thin line between alcohol consumption and good and bad health. The outlook is dark even with early intervention. It is a chronic disease and must be treated like diabetes. We must give the alcoholic life-long support. SPRING, 1982 11 d- �Drs. Israel Alvarez, clinical assistant professor of medicine and nuclear medicine, and Stephen Barron, assistant professor of neurology, are co-directors of the preceptorship program. The 39 other preceptors are: Drs. Michael Adragna, James Allen, Benjamin Antanacio, Gilda Antruace, Sidney Anthone, Ruben Cartagena, Joseph Caruana, James Cavalierie, Carl Cecilia, John Conboy, Donald Copley, Richard Cowan, Neda Cruz, Richard Curran, Donald Donius, William Heyden, Fred Hirsch, Ernest Kane, Maria Klaus, Paul Kuritzky, K.H. Lee, Jerome Meyer, Eugene Mindell, James Nunn, Lynn Pace, F. Carter Pannill, Robert Patterson, Richard Peer, Kevin Pranikoff, Emerson Reid, Robert Schulman, Eddie Skipper, Barbara Steinbach, Jehuda Steinbach, Eugene Steinberg, Ronald Teitler, Michael Tronolone, Bradley Truax, and David Wiechec.O Frosh Picnic �Dr. Katz Raymond Chan, Lauria JoBooth, Dr. Richert, Amy Schueckler, Richard Collins, Kevin Rosteing. 13 d- �Frosh Picnic Dr. Brownie Dr. Richert �Dr. John M. Donohue, M'43, chief of staff at Kenmore Mercy Hospital for the past 18 years, has been named the recipient of the second annual Sister Mechtilde Memorial Award. The Sister Mechtilde Award, established in 1980, honors Sister Mary Mechtilde O'Connor, the hospital's founder and first administrator, a responsibility she undertook at a time in life when most persons contemplate retirement. Previously, for three decades, she administered various parish schools. Sister Ellen Mahon, present administrator of Kenmore Mercy described Sister Mechtilde as a legend in her time and said, "Dr. Donohue's daily life reflects the values and devoted service to mankind exemplified by Sister Mechtilde." Dr. Donohue joined Kenmore Mercy as a staff physician specializing in internal medicine and cardiology when the hospital opened in 1951 and was chief of medicine for four years preceding his appointment as chief of staff in May 1963. Born in Oyster Bay, Long Island, Dr. Donohue was educated at Syracuse University and the U/B Medical School, his father's alma mater, and interned at Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit. In World War II he was a U.S. Army Captain. Dr. Donohue is responsible for the quality of medical care provided by the nearly 250 physicians on the Kenmore Mercy staff, is an associate with Buffalo Cardiology Associates, P.C., and is a consultant at Millard Fillmore Hospital. He is also a former member of the Council of Clinical Cardiology of American College of Chest Physicians, past president of the Western New York Society of Internal Medicine, and currently medical director board member of the Monumental Life Insurance Co. of New York. He and his wife, Frances, have four children. The Second Annual Sister Mary Mechtilde Memorial Award Dinner was part of a celebration of the 30th anniversary of the founding of Kenmore Mercy Hospital and the 150th anniversary of the founding of the Sisters of Mercy.D 1982 Continuing Education Programs ... March 25 - "Neurology and Psychiatry: An Interface", Sheraton InnBuffalo East, Program Director, Dr. Brian Joseph, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry. April 1-2 - "New Developments in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease", Buffalo Hilton, Program Director, Dr. Robert Scheig, Professor of Medicine. April12- "Alzheimer's Disease", Marriott Inn, Program Director, Gary Brice, Assistant to Director, Center for the Study of Aging. May 12-13 - "Sports Medicine", Sharaton Brock, Niagara Falls, Program Director, Dr. Martin Wingate, Assistant Dean for Continuing Medical Education. May 20-21 - "Selected Topics in Geriatric Medicine", Niagara Hilton, Program Director, Dr. Evan Calkins, Professor of Medicine. June 3-5 - "Contemporary Stereotactic Techniques", Buffalo Hilton, Program Director, Dr. Patrick Kelly, Associate Professor of Neurosurgery. September 11 - "Frontiers of Drug Therapy", Buffalo Hilton, Program Dire ctor, Dr. Edward Carr, Professor and Chairman, Department of Pharmacology and The rapeutics. September 24-25 - "Primary Care of the Injured Hand". Buffalo Hilton, Program Director, Dr. Clayton Peimer, Assistant Professor of Orthopedics. October 1-2 - "Nutrition", Niagara Hilton, Program Director, Dr. Robert Cooper, Chairman and Associate Professor of Pharmacy. SPRING, 1982 15 Dr. Donahue Dr. Donahue �Eight Faculty Retire Eight Medical School faculty members, who reached the age of 70 on or before the last day of August have retired. Collectively they have served the University 265 years. They are: Drs. Carl E. Arbesman, Kenneth H. Eckhert Sr., Rolf E. Flygare, Jerome J. Glauber, Murray S. Howland Jr., Edwin F. Lathbury, Carl A. Stettenbenz, and Herbert Weinfeld. All are emeritus. Dr. Arbesman, who is clinical professor of medicine and microbiology, director of the Allergy Research Laboratory, and former Director of the Allergy Division (1944-1976) at the Buffalo General Hospital, was elected President of the International Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, for a 3-year term, at the 10th International Congress, which was held in Jerusalem, Israel, in November, 1979. He has been on the faculty 41 years. Dr. Arbesman attained his M.D. degree at the School of Medicine in 1935, and, soon after, completed his allergy training at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. He opened his practice in Buffalo in 1939, specializing in Medicine and Allergy. In 1945, he organized the Allergy Research Laboratory at the Buffalo General Hospital, a unit which he still heads. He became Chief of the Allergy Division of the Buffalo General Hospital in 1944, a position that he held for 32 years. Dr. Arbesman is a member of many professional societies and he holds honorary fellowships in many foreign organizations, such as the British, Canadian, Brazilian, Venezuelian, and Peruvian Societies of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. He has served on numerous committees and boards and has contributed handsomely to the field. Dr. Eckh ert Sr. Dr. Eckhert received both his bachelor's and M.D. degrees from U/B in 1931 and 1935 respectively. In 1958 he received an Honorary Doctor of Science degree from Wagner College. Dr. Eckhert joined the faculty in 1940 after taking his internship/residency at Deaconess Hospital. In 1955-56 he had a Fellowship in Surgery at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. In 1968 he was the recipient of the Dean's Award for contributions to the University and the community. He was named Man of the Year by the Courier Express and the Buffalo Evening News in 1961 and 1970 respectively. In 1968 he was the recipient of a special award from the Christians and Jews. Dr. Eckhert is a Fellow, American College of Surgeons. He is a past president of the Erie County Medical Society and has served since 1976 as Councillor of the 8th District, New York State Medical Society. Dr. Eckhert has also been chairman, Commission on Education of the New York State Medical Society. He is former chief of surgery, Deaconess Hospital, and honorary member of the surgery staff at Deaconess and Buffalo General. He organized and served as first president of the United Health Foundation and in 1979 was chairman of the dedication week program for the new blood center. He retires as clinical instructor in family and legal medicine at the Medical School. 16 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Flygare, assistant professor of anatomy, has been on the faculty 19 years. He received his three degrees from U/B bachelor of science in 1937; master of science in 1963; and Ph.D. in anatomy in 1970. He served in the armed forces from 1940-45. Dr. Glauber, a 1936 U/B Medical School graduate, joined the faculty in 1948 as assistant in otolaryngology. He retired 33 years later as a clinical assistant professor of otolaryngology. He did his undergraduate work at Canisius College. Dr. Glauber interned at Millard Fillmore Hospital and took his residency in otolaryngology at the E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital, 1940-43. He served with the United States armed forces as a Major from 194346. He has been affiliated with three hospitals - Millard Fillmore, Children's and St. Francis. He is still active in several professional societies at the County, State and National levels. He is continuing his private practice in otolaryngology. Dean Naughton, Dr. Glauber Dr. Howland, clinical professor of medicine, has been on the faculty 42 years. He received his M.D. from Harvard in 1937, and came to Buffalo two years later. Dr. Lathbury, a 1936 U/B Medical School graduate, died August 13, 1981. He had been on the faculty for 33 years. He was a clinical assistant professor of otolaryngology at the time of this retirement. He took his internship and residency at Buffalo City Hospital. During World War II he served in the United States Army Medical Corps. Dr. Lathbury had been associated with three hospitals - St. Francis, Millard Fillmore and Buffalo General. He had been active in numerous professional organizations. Dr. Stettenbenz, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics, has been on the faculty 42 years. In 1931 he received his bachelor's degree from Hobart College where he was Phi Beta Kappa. In 1935 he received his M.D. from U/B. He joined the faculty in 1939 as assistant in pediatrics. Dr. Stettenbenz interned at Buffalo General and Children's Hospitals from 1935-1938. The following year he was chief pediatric resident at Children's. He is a Fellow, American Academy of Pediatrics, and has been active in county and state professional associations. In recent years he has been consulting pediatric attending at Children's Hospital on the courtesy pediatrics staff at Sisters of Charity Hospital. Dr. Weinfeld, research professor of biochemistry, has been on the faculty 14 years. He was educated at the College of New York City, bachelor of science degree in 1942; University of Michigan, M.S. in 1948; and Ph.D. in 1952, majoring in biochemistry. He took post graduate work at Sloan-Kettering Institute in 1952. He was on the staff at Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1955-1980 in the medicine C department as chairman of the department of biochemistry graduate division. He served in the United States Army in World War II. Dr. Weinfeld has been active in several professional societies.D SPRING, 1982 17 Dean Naughton, Dr. Arbesman �Dr. Hayes' Health Center II The rural Mississippi health center is a dream come true for Dr. Maxine Hayes, M'73. It all started during her second year in medical school when she spent the summer in community health on the Mississippi Delta (her home). Dr. Hayes' seven weeks at the Tufts Delta Medical Center in Mound Bayou gave her a sense of direction, commitment and sensitivity. She knew from this experience that treating medical problems was not enough without attempting to solve the social problems that were present. She saw unemployment, poverty and malnutrition. From this moment in 1971 Dr. Hayes decided to do something about it and she has. After graduating from the Harvard School of Public Health the young pediatrician established a comprehensive health care facility outside Jackson that is serving the 57,000 residents of rural Rankin county. Now a lecturer in the Department of Maternal and Child Health and Aging, Dr. Hayes is a major force in increasing the School's emphasis in rural and community health. This emphasis is designed to train community health professionals committed to improving the quality of health care in medically underserved areas. Dr. Hayes developed a new curriculum for the Rural Health Services course she taught last spring that included numerous seminars with practicing rural health professionals. She also led students on a field trip to the health center she directs, the Hinds-Rankin Urban Health Innovations Project (HRUHIP). and to other public and non-profit health programs in the rural areas of central and east-central Mississippi. Beginning last summer, students worked on a statistical evaluation of the effectiveness of HRUHIP services, using data from neighboring counties without comparable services as a control. By drawing together the components of teaching, field study and program evaluation, Dr. Hayes is providing students with an extensive training experience. 18 Dr. Hayes, a native of Jackson, stresses that "planning for rural health services is often very different than planning for urban services. For example, in terms of providing health services, the high rate of infant mortality in Mississippi means the perinatal period (the time between conception and one year after birth) becomes a critical focus for health planners. But to be effective, clients must be kept within the health care system for that time." And this requires a careful program of risk evaluation, health education, treatment, delivery and follow-up all set into a tracking system that keeps patients in the program. The successful operation of all functions of HRUHIP requires meticulous recordkeeping, says Dr. Hayes. "Data collection and analysis is really the cornerstone of a costefficient system that lets us know how best to provide care." In a larger context, she believes that the status of health care in Mississippi is jeopardized by five important factors. These are: Medicaid and other reimbursement mechanisms that discriminate against the rural and married poor; private physicians who see publicly supported and group practices threatening them; the tendency for health services to become more specialized and technologically intensive; regulatory and other disincentives to preventive health programs; and difficulty in hiring and retaining skilled professionals.D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Ten faculty members, based at Children's Hospital, received Biomedical Research Support Grants totaling $47,827. Dr. Elliot F. Ellis, professor and chairman of pediatrics is the principal investigator and responsible for allocation of the BRSG funds. The program is sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and provides research funds based on a percentage of the total NIH research grants held by an institution during the previous year. The program is designed to support new or exploratory research projects and to provide "seed money" to young investigators. The 10 research projects are: Dr. F.J. Cerny, assistant professor of pediatrics: The Metabolic and Hormonal Consequences of Intermittent Versus Continuous Exercise in Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Amount: $4,000. Dr. J. W. Georgitis, clinical assistant instructor in pediatrics: Determination of Nasal Airway Resistance in Normal Children and Children with Allergic Rhinitis. Amount: $5,000. Dr. M.P. Karp, clinical assistant instructor in surgery: Gastrointestinal Motility and Transit in Newborn Puppies with Experimental Intestinal Atresia. Amount: $5,650. Dr. M.M. McDonald: Newborn Hypercoagulability Studies (with Special Reference to the Occurance of Intracranial Hemorrhage]. Amount: $5,395. Dr. B.H. Park, professor of pediatrics and microbiology: The Use of Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorter as a New Methodology in Biomedical Research. Amount: $6,400. Dr. J.R. Russell, assistant professor of pediatrics: Modulation of Neurotransmitter Release in Airways. Amount: $5,700. Dr. M.R. Siegel, clinical assistant instructor in pediatrics: The Role of Bile Salts in the Release of Enterokinase from Intestinal Mucosa. Amount: $3,000. Dr. C.W . Snyder: A Comparison of Two Methods of Psychological Preparation for Young Children Requiring Restorative Dental Treatment. Amount: $575. Dr. M.R. Talty, assistant professor of pediatrics: Characterization of the Interaction Between Mouse Enterocytes and Murine Rotavirus. Amount: $4,000. Dr. G.D. Vladutiu, research assistant professor of pediatrics: Enzyme Replacement Therapy: Specific In Vitro Neuronal Uptake of B-Hexosaminidase in Cats with GM 2 Gangliosidosis. Amount: $2,049.0 The Leukemia Society of America (WNY Chapter] and Roswell Park Memorial Institute will sponsor a symposium on "Multiple Myeloma," Saturday, May 1 (9 a.m.-1 p.m.] in Hilliboe Auditorium at RPMI. For more information please contact the Leukemia Society of America at 883-5400.0 SPRING, 1982 19 BRSGGrants �Sexually-transmissible Diseases Top row (left to right): Drs. Mehdi Shayegani (State Health Department); Erwin Nete r; William B artholomew; Konrad Wicher; Richard Lee (Children's Hospital); Roy Stevens (State Health Dept.). Lower row: Drs. Sally Hipp (State H ealth D ept.); Virginia Clark (Roches te r); William Lawton (State Health Dept.) and Nancy Nielsen (Buffalo General Hospital). Three Medical School faculty members participated in the two-day symposium - sexually-transmissible diseases - recently at the Erie County Medical Center. Faculty from the University of Rochester and members of the State Department of Health's division of laboratory and research reviewed the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these diseases. Their discussions covered diseases commonly associated with sexual transmission. These included syphilis (Treponema palli dum), gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae), chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) and lymphogranuloma venereum (Chlamydia trachomatic). They also discussed organisms such as Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Herpes simplex and hepatitus B virus. The speakers emphasized an estimated 1.6 to 2 million cases of gonorrhea occur annually in this country. They also said the annual incidence of trichomoniasis ranges between 600,000 to a million, nongonococcal urethritis from 800,000 to a million, syphilis from 75,000 to 80,000 cases and genital herpes from 150,000 to 200,000 cases. The numbers, they said, indicate a serious problem that is not recognized by many. They noted human suffering to be enormous. The women involved, they added, bear an inordinate share of the burden through sterility, ectopic pregnancy, fetal and infant death and mental retardation. They noted the medical cost to treat the diseases and complications caused by sexually-transmitted diseases runs close to $2 billion. They added the problem of sexually-transmissible disease is compounded by patient apathy, neglect and ignorance. In some of the newly-recognized infections, they pointed to insufficient laboratory technology for isolation/identification of microorganisms which also contributes to the problem. Dr. Charles Brinton, University of Pittsburgh, was the dinner speaker. In the review of his studies of pilli vaccine for gonorrhea, he noted the vaccine is currently being field-tested. The symposium was arranged by the State Department of Health's division of laboratories and research and the WNY branch of the American Society of Microbiology. Chairing the program were Drs. Erwin Neter, professor of pediatrics and microbiology; Konrad Wicher, professor of microbiology and director of bacteriology and serology/immunology laboratories, State Department of Health; Sally Hipp, State Department of Health; and William Bartholomew, assistant director, clinical microbiology and immunology, Erie County Medical Center, and associate professor of microbiology, clinical associate professor of pathology.D 20 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Construction Projects Eight construction projects - valued at $100 million - will be underway by next October 1, at Amherst and Main Street, Dr. John Neal, vice president for facilities planning, predicted recently. The eight which should be underway by next year are well along in planning now. The three Main Street projects which should be underway in 12 months are: 1. The Biomedical Information Center which will occupy the present Abbott Library and a new wing approximately as large as the existing structure. 2. The "much-ballyhooed" Squire project - which will include renovation of the present union and construction of a new wing toward Main Street as clinic space for the School of Dentistry. 3. Phase I of the Basic Sciences addition to Cary-Farber-Sherman. This will consist of new construction connected to both Cary and Farber and filling up the space in between. The five Amherst campus projects: 1) Physical Education - Phase II. This facility "every bit as big as Phase I" will be connected to that building. (Phase I is scheduled for opening in the fall of 1982 after installation of "enormous equipment" including a one-piece, one-acre wooden arena playing surface. Phase II will contain small gymnasiums, swimming pools, weight rooms, etc.). 2) Student Activities Building - To be located east of Knox, this building will essentially duplicate facilities now located on the ground and first floors of Squire. 3) Management School Building- To be built south of O'Brian and Baldy. 4) Social Sciences Phase I - To be connected to both O'Brian and the Management structure. 5) A Computing Center - To be built west of Fronczak and connected to it.D SPRING, 1982 Mrs. Kimball Donates Scrap Book On the 80th anniversary of President William McKinley's death in Buffalo, Mrs. Stockton Kimball presented a scrapbook to the U/B archives that was kept by one of the president's Buffalo doctors, Charles G. Stockton, a grandson. The gift was made in memory of Dr. Kimball, dean of the Medical School from 1946 to 1958 to President Robert L. Ketter and Saktidas Roy, libraries director. President McKinley was shot in Buffalo September 6, 1901 while visiting the city's Pan American Exposition. He died eight days later. The scrapbook, each page outlined in funeral black, contains newspaper clippings, medical reports and other items related to the shooting and death of the president, including his care in Buffalo's Milburn House, controversies surrounding that care, transport of the body to Washington and burial services in McKinley's native Ohio. University Archivist Shonnie Finnegan said that while the scrapbook has historical value, it is particularly interesting for its medical journal articles and for the look at the florid journalistic style of the period it offers. When initial press accounts gave the president a favorable prognosis, sentences like this were common: "The latest news from the bedside of President McKinley is of the most cheerful character." But when McKinley died on September 14, a Buffalo headline read: "President McKinley Dead/His Soul Freed/at 2:15 O'Clock." Clippings also list the tributes paid the slain president by world leaders, including Andrew Carnegie, Edward VII of England, President Porfirio Diaz of Mexico, and Willian Jennings Bryan. The swearing-in of Theodore Roosevelt as the nation's 26th president on September 14, 1901, in Buffalo's Wilcox Mansion is also documented.D 21 �Dr. Hess Dr. H ess Dr. Orvan W. Hess, M'31, received the Scientific Achievement Award of the American Medical Association at its 128th Annual Meeting (1979) and the George Washington Kidd Award for outstanding achievement in a professional career from Lafayette College (1980). Dr. Hess has had a broad range of experience as a practitioner of Obstetrics and Gynecology, innovator of techniques of obstetrical care, pioneer in the development of medical instrumentation and administrator of the Title XIX program in Connecticut as its first Director of Health Services. He is a member of numerous scientific societies and health agencies including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Board of Obstetrics - Gynecology, American College of Surgeons, Institute of Electronic Engineers (BME), American Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, International Telemetering Association and Sigma Xi. He is past-President of the Connecticut State Medical Society and the Connecticut Health Association, Inc. He is currently Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Director of a Regional Perinatal Monitoring Program at Yale University School of Medicine and is actively involved with PSRO and HSA in Connecticut. For several years he has been a Delegate to the American Medical Association. A member of international organizations, Dr. Hess has participated in medical conferences in Tokyo, Geneva and other European cities. As U.S. representative to the All-India Congress of Obstetrics-Gynecology, he lectured at Calcutta and Bombay. Dr. Hess has had a continuing interest in methods of delivery of health care and in medical education. With a group of professionals he attended a seminar in London, organized by the AMA, to study the British Health System. He has published articles dealing with the reorganization of that system of provision of health care, the National Health Planning Act (P.L. 93-641), medical technology and modern trends in medical education. As a Research Fellow in OB-GYN, he conducted pioneer investigations of the nature of healing of incised uterine wounds (cesarean section) in humans and the effect of such factors as vitamin A deficiency, ovarian follicular hormone (theelin) and cortisone on the ultimate tensile strength of uterine incisions in laboratory animals. After entering private practice in New Haven (1937) he held faculty appointments which allowed him to pursue his research interest in transplantation of placental and embryonic tissues and in methods of detecting fetal ECG. During this period penicillin, developed in England, became available to a group of doctors associated with Yale University School of Medicine. Dr. Hess played a catalytic role in its therapeutic application for the first time in the U.S. for a patient, extremely ill with post-abortal streptococcal septicemia, who made a miraculous recovery. Dr. Hess, called to active military duty in 1941, served as a surgeon with a front-line evacuation hospital accompanying Gen. George Patton's Armored Division during invasions of North Africa, Sicily, France and Holland. With Dr. Charles Rose , M'29 and Dr. Stuart Welch, Professor of Surgery, Tufts School of Medicine and later Chairman of Dept. of Surgery at Albany 22 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Medical School, he co-authored a paper describing their extensive experience with treatment of severe vascular injuries among battle casualties. Soon after the liberation of Paris, his medical unit was assigned the care of casualities with gas bacillus infection where he was further impressed by the value of penicillin in the treatment of infection. On returning to practice after WW II, Dr. Hess resumed research on fetal ECG begun while a Resident at Yale where he initiated a project to study fetal heart activity and fetal distress. Joined by Dr. Edward Hon, full-time research investigator, a method of detecting fetal ECG with abdominal sensors was achieved. With the apparatus devised for continuous monitoring of fetal heart rate, Dr. Hess studied effects of uterine contractions, various drugs and post-maturity. In 1954 he first described a technique for radiotelemetry of fetal heart and uterine activity. Recently, he has reported the development of a non-invasive technique of transmitting these parameters employing ultrasound for detection. Dr. Hess finds time for hobbies of tennis, fly-fishing in Catskill mountain streams and surf-casting near his cottage on the dunes at Cape Cod while his wife Carol (Smith '27 and Yale Art School '29) continues her interest in art. Their two daughters, graduates of Wellesley, both hold Yale Graduate degrees. Katherine, (M.D. Yale '54) a pediatric cardiologist, is currently Director of Medical Services for FAA Eastern Seaboard Region. Carolyn (Yale '54) is a consultant in Regional Planning in Connecticut. Of the Hess' five grandchildren, two are students at Yale University, one attends Mt. Holyoke College, one attends Hobart College and one plans to enter Phillips Exeter next year.D Dr. Rosner Gift The U/B Foundation has received a gift of $225,000 from the estate of Edward L. Rosner, M.D. This gift represents the principal and accumulated income of a residuary trust that Dr. Rosner established to benefit the School of Medicine of the State University of New York at Buffalo. The fund is established as a memorial to Dr. Rosner's mother, Elizabeth. Dr. Rosner, a 1926 graduate of the Medical School, stipulated that the principal be invested by the Foundation with the income to be used annually to grant scholarship loans to deserving students pursuing a medical course of study. The U/B Foundation, in cooperation with the School of Medicine and Office of Financial Aid, will administer the fund. The foresight and generosity of Dr. Rosner in providing for today's students is, and will continue to be, appreciated by those who will benefit from his philanthropy.D SPRING, 1982 23 Roswell Park Memorial Institute Continuing Education Seminars Contact: Gayle Bersani, R.N., RPMI 666 Elm St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14263 Phone (716) 845-4406 Thursday, April 1, 1982 "Tumors Involving the Skin", Chairperson: Dr. Ole Hoi termann. Thursday, May 6, 1982 "Controversies in the Management of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer", Chairperson: Dr. Arnold Freeman. Saturday, June 5, 1982 "Cancer of the ColonRectum", Chairperson: Dr. Arnold Mittelman. �Bladder baJJ Athletic Day It was a chilly spring day for the annual athletic event, but all the participants - students and faculty - had a good time. Annette Kawecki and Elaine Healy were the winners in the dash. In the one mile race Elliot Chartash and Paul Rosenberg finished first and second, respectively. Speedy John Diggs captured the 100-yard dash and was outstanding in soccer. Jeff Moll led thesecond year students to a 2-1 win over the frosh in bladder ball.O Therese Giglia, Barbara Ostrav. Dr. Alexander Brownie, Leslie Dopkins. 24 Mike Wenzel, john Diggs . THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Leonard Katz, Renata Wajsman, Elaine Healy, john Diggs. Dr. John Richert �Dr. Fisher II Dr. Jack C. Fisher, M'62, professor of surgery at the University of California, San Diego, has been elected Chairman of The Plastic Surgery Research Council. The Council is a national organization of Plastic Surgeons and affiliated basic scientists whose principal interests are laboratory and clinical investigation in biomedical areas pertinent to reconstructive surgical practice. Members of the Council have traditionally engaged in experimental studies of wound healing, microcirculatory physiology and replantation, tissue transplantation, nerve injury, and craniofacial biology. The 27th annual meeting of The Plastic Surgery Research Council was hosted by Dr. Fisher in San Diego in March, 1982. Dr. Fisher is a native of Buffalo, New York, completed undergraduate studies in the College of Arts and Sciences at U.B. , and received his M.D. degree in 1962 from the School of Medicine. Following graduation, Dr. Fisher served a residency in general surgery at the University of Minnesota Hospital and at Boston University Medical Center. He was a clinical associate in the surgery branch of the National Cancer Institute from 1964-66. His plastic surgery training was completed at the University of Virginia Medical Center in Charlottesville, Virginia, where Dr. Fisher remained on the faculty until1975. In 1975 he was named head of the new division of plastic surgery at UCSD where he now directs a graduate training program in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Dr. Fisher's clinical interests are in problem wound management and congenital childhood deformities . His research laboratory has actively pursued studies in skin allotransplantation, immunosuppression following burn injury, and mechanisms of chronic radiation injury. Dr. Fisher also directs a Field Surgical Program, taking an entire mobile surgical team to sites in rural Mexico several times each year, for the purpose of repairing congenital birth defects. Dr. Fisher has published more than 50 scientific or clinical articles and has authored or co-authored four textbooks. His honors at the University of Buffalo were Alpha Omega Alpha, and The Leonhardt Prize in Surgery. Dr. Fisher resides in La Jolla, California with his wife Patricia and his three children.D 26 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �The research talks. search chemis t. Biochemistry Symposium A proven format and the stimulus of new ideas from biochemists working at U/B, its affiliated hospitals, Roswell Park Memorial Institute and the Medical Foundation of Buffalo, made the Second Annual Biochemistry Department Research Symposium lively and productive again this year. Faculty, students and staff met in the afternoons of April 9 and 10 in the spacious Spaulding Dining area and lecture rooms in the Ellicott Complex of the Amherst campus. New faculty members, Joseph Spence and Gail Willsky, post-doctoral fellows and members of the research and clinical faculty gave short talks of a general nature to the audience with its diverse background and interests. Detailed research findings were presented in poster sessions open to every participant from junior undergraduate students to senior faculty as well as technical and research staff. Talks and poster sessions were organized around the four clusters of research activity represented in the Biochemistry Department: gene expression; proteins and metalloenzymes; membranes; and endocrinology/nutrition/metabolism. Each afternoon ended with social gatherings to encourage further exchange of ideas and the exploration of possible co-operative research efforts. At the final "wrap-up" sesSPRING, 1982 sian, Chairman Alexander C. Brownie observed that the symposium had been just what Webster's dictionary said a symposium is: "a social gathering where there is a free interchange of ideas." He ended his overview with the suggestion that riext year an eminent scientist be invited to visit the department and attend the symposium as a participant, observer and benevolent critic. This visit would be supported by the Rapier H. McMenamy Memorial Fund. Prior to his death, Professor McMenamy was an internationally recognized scholar and served as Director of Graduate Studies in the Biochemistry Department.O Dr. Lau ro Garrick, r esearch associate. Dr. joseph Spence, assistant professor of biochemistry. �A Summer Head Start Dr. Tomasulo works with th e students in th e m orning lob sessions. Eight potential medical and dental students got a head start on their professional educations during eight weeks (June 10August 6). This was the seventh year that courses were offered in histology , embryology , biophysics, biochemistry and gross anatomy. Co-ordinator of the preparatory support program was Dr. Leonard Katz. During the first week there was a special orientationintroduction session featuring Dean John Naughton and Dr. Katz. During the summer there were four guest speakers, Drs . John Richert, Randy Sarnacki, Frank Corbett and Ms. Vaughan. Every Friday afternoon Dr . Eddie Skipper, clinical instructor in medicine , conducted a preceptorship program at the Veterans Administration Medical Center. The new students were introduced to medical terms and taught study skills and speed reading. Also assisting with the program were Manuel Saint Martin, Margaret Kadree, Robert Morrow and Mark HendersonD �It is impossible to associate the word "retirement" with a person as vital and up-to-the-minute in thought, word and deed as Dr. Francis R. Daniels. Therefore, it's no surprise to learn that the Santa Ana surgeon has no idea of retiring from medicine, even though he is closing his office and eliminating the regular practice of surgery. "I want to use my free time to attend medical meetings, and become active on a number of medical-organization committees," Dr. Daniels explained. "During my 26 years of surgical practice in Orange County, I did serve on many hospital committees, especially surgical and utilization, but patient care took priority over committee service. Now I will be able to study issues, form opinions, and perhaps be an influence on the state and national level in medical administration." Dr. Daniels was graduated from the University of Buffalo (New York] with a B.S., followed by an M.D. degree in 1924. There was no debate about selecting an area of specialization. It was surgery all the way. The new young Dr. Daniels served a surgical internship at Rochester, New York, then proceeded to New York City for a year's residency in pathology at New York Hospital, then a surgical residency at New York's Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled. There he worked under world-famous hernia specialists Drs. W.B. and Bradley Coley, J.P. Hoquet, and Carl Burdich. As a grande finale to the varied residencies, Dr. Daniels completed yet another in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. It was a highly qualified young surgeon who began practice in Rochester, New York. He became a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and a Diplomate of the American Board of Surgeons. During his time in Rochester, Dr. Daniels was Vice Regent for the International College of Surgeons. He was on the surgical staff of several of the city's hospitals, and was also chief of surgery of Monroe County Hospital. A full Commander in the Navy in World War II, Dr. Daniels was chief of surgery at the U.S. Naval hospital in Milford Haven, Wales, during the European phase of the war, then joined the hostilities in the Pacific on the U.S.S. Solace. When Dr. Daniels moved to California and applied for staff privileges at what has become Western Medical Center, there were few American Board surgeons, especially in Orange County. The surgical committee was quick to approve this accomplished applicant, but the next question was finding patients. "Mr. Malinowsky, the administrator at that time, was a big help in getting me started," Dr. Daniels reminisced. "He let me work in the Emergency Room." That was the beginning of a busy, more-than-quarter-of-acentury career in the operating suites of Santa Ana Community Hospital (today's WESTMED], St. Joseph, Haag Memorial Presbyterian, Doctors, and Riverview Hospitals. Obviously, to someone like Francis R. Daniels, "retirement" is an impossible word.D SPRING, 1982 29 Dr. Daniels Dr. Daniels and his wife spent the Christmas holidays in Switzerland, his wife 's native land. They have a son, who is a third-year medical student. Their daughter is in hospital administratian.D Dr. Daniels �Typical morning rounds with attending physicians, house staff members and students. From left - Drs. Milton Weiser, professor of medicine, Kamal Tourbaf, clinical professor of medicine, George Forrest, clinical assistant instructor in medicine, Dham Gupta, clinical assistant instructor in psychiatry, and medical students- Lilly Barba and Pat Diesfield. Erie County Medical Center Interns, Residents Dr. Kamal Tourbaf, clinical professor of medicine, reviews X-rays with Drs. Rajendra Rustgi, John LaMancuso, M'79, and fourth year student, Gary Rosteing. Among the 66 internal medicine interns and residents at Erie County Medical Center, 25 are U/B Medical School graduates. Approximately one-third of the ECMC housestaff and fellows are also U/B graduates.D An informal patient progress discussion with faculty, house staff and students. 30 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Drs. Jeffrey Haiken and Mark Gallman, 3rd year house officers; William Shu and Elaine Healy, both 3rd year medical students. New Treatment Delays Births Dr. Frank J. Bottiglieri, M'79, used the drug ritodrine successfully in triplet gestation. He is a senior resident in ob/gyn at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. "This is probably the first time in the United States that the drug has been effective in the case of triplets," he said. "The woman, who was in danger of losing her unborn babies, has three healthy baby boys because of a new drug that prevents premature delivery. This new drug gives a lot of women hope, because prematurity is the number one problem in losing babies," Dr. Bottiglieri said. Two of the babies weighted 41fz pounds, the other 51fz pounds. Had they been delivered five weeks premature, two would have weighed less than two pounds and would probably have died. The delivery was relatively routine. The 22-year-old mother had three other children. It cost about $800 a day to keep a premature baby alive in a hospital. Many premature babies must be hospitalized for as long as six months. "The womb is a better place for a 27-week fetus than a hospital's intensive care nursery." Dr. Bottiglieri noted that the drug has been used experimentally for several years and some of the testing was done at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. "There are several side effects, including an increased heart rate and a loss of potassium. We would not use ritodrine except on healthy mothers."D SPRING, 1982 31 �The Bat: A Rare and Uniquely Valuable Research Animal A colony of giant Indian fruit bats (Pteropus gigantus} in Dr. Frank Kallen's laboratory in the Department of Anatomical Sciences. They are among the largest bats in existence. MAN, in his quest for medical knowledge, routinely studies experimental animals functionally similar to himself. Another fruitful approach to the study of life, however, involves animals which differ markedly from man. Certain bodily structures or physiological activities, shared by all animals, can become highly modified, or exaggerated, for a specialized form of existence. Such specializations often serve as excellent experimental models for similar, but less welldeveloped systems in other living creatures, including man. Bats are an example of such exotic experimental animals. As the only mammal capable of true flight, they represent at the outset a remarkable example of anatomical and metabolic efficiency. But beyond that, they have developed considerable specializations among their own kind. Different species of bats, for example, show diversity in modes of flight, orientation and 32 feeding. Some bats, along with certain rodents, comprise the small, select group of mammals capable of true hibernation. For animals of such small size and high peak energy requirements, bats existing in the wild have been known to live for as long as 21 years. Studies of their ability to echolocate, the so-called "bat sonar", have led among other things, to a better understanding of how humans, suffering from blindness, employ echolocation. The easily accessible blood vessels of the bat wing have proven to be an ideal model for the investigation of their microcirculation. Bats have been of interest to Dr. Frank Kallen, professor of anatomical sciences, for well over 20 years. More than half this time has been spent at U/B, where Dr. Kallen, his colleagues and his students have studied many aspects of bat anatomy and physiology. The bat cardiovascular system has been an area of particular interest to Dr. Kallen. This interest led to Dr. Kallen's long-standing acquaintance with Dr. Perry M. Hogan, associate professor of physiology at SUNYAB. The principal emphasis of Dr. Hogan's research has been in the field of bioelectric potentials, particularly as they relate to the initiation and coordination of the heartbeat. Drs. Kallen and Hogan have focused their collaborative investigation on the system of rhythmically contracting veins in the bat wing, the so-called "venous hearts" of the European literature. The pulsations of these In the Department of Physiology, Dr. Perry Hogan assembles the prototype suction microelectrode system now being used to record electrical activity from single cells in living, contracting bat wing veins. �vessels are apparently necessary to return blood from the wing during flight. [Unlike birds, bats have wings which are folds of skin extending from enormously elongated forelimbs and fingers. This living tissue must be continually nourished, right out to the wingtips.) Results from other laboratories showed that the contractions of the wing veins were essentially independent of neurogenic influence. They may well be the best example of a purely myogenic contractile mechanism to be found among mammals. This in itself makes these vessels favored sites for the study of contraction in smooth muscle cells. But in addition, recently-published evidence has suggested that these muscle cells at times show transmembrane action potentials similar to those of pacemaker cells and conducting tissue of the heart. At other times they appear to behave like regular cardiac muscle, which is normally exerted by an action potential originating in the pacemaker cell and propagating through the specialized conducting system. Since the heart is, in fact, a highly modified blood vessel, the term "venous heart" used in describing these specialized veins may be far more appropriate than many scientists had previously believed. Such veins may prove to be an enormously useful, simplified model of the heart itself. Two of the leading investigators of bat veins have been, Dr. Hans-Jorg Huggel, and Dr. John Peristiany, both of the Institute of Comparative Anatomy and Physiology at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. The mutual interests of these investigators and Drs. Kallen and Hogan have led to a research venture which is not only interdisciplinary but international in scope. Huggel and Peristiany have made repeated visits to Buffalo; Prof. Huggel has been in residence here for periods totalling several months. They have provided Hogan and Kallen with what for several reasons appears to be exceptional suitable bats for study of wing veins, the giant fruit bats of India Pteropus giganteus. The animals are housed in Dr. Kallen's laboratory, where samples of living, isolated vein are prepared for examination in Dr. Hogan's laboratory. There, novel procedures for microelectrode analysis have been developed that promise to permit what no other investigators have been able to achieve; that is, a detailed study of transmembrane electrical pl¥enomena associated with single venous smooth muscle SPRING, 1982 cells, both in vitro and in vivo. The immediate goal of this collaboration is to identify the mechanisms underlying both pacemaker activity and conduction phenomena in the contracting veins. The ultimate goals center about gathering basic information which may tell us a great deal about the extent to which the heart may still behave like a vessel in the peripheral circulation and vice versa. In the future, this type of information could provide a more rational basis for determining the degree to which therapeutic measures centered about a failing heart might be aided or hindered by hitherto unsuspected simultaneous actions involving the circulatory system as a whole. Other members of the Department of Anatomical Sciences are also making use of these bats. Dr. Roberta Pierson-Pentney and Dr. John Cotter have obtained evidence that the visual systems in the brains of the fruit bats are much more highly developed than are those in the small, insect-eating bats (Myotis luci fugus) common to the Western New York area. Dr. Mildred Gordon and coworkers are investigating variations in physiological adaptability of bat sperm, and the potential application of such variation to problems of human population control. Still other studies are in the planning stage, so that maximum benefit may be obtained from the presence of these rare and uniquely valuable experimental animals.D Dr. Roberta Pierson-Pentney {left) and Dr. John Cotter (right] perfuse a bat to preserve the brain for neuroanatomical research. Dr. Hans-Jorg Huggel (center) previously removed contractile wing veins for cardiovascular experiments. �ANew President Dr. Steven B. Sample took the reins as U/B's 12th president on March 1. He comes to Buffalo from the University of Nebraska where he was executive vice president for academic affairs and dean of the Graduate College. An administrator with ten years experience, he has led a major graduate faculty at Nebraska as well as a large and diversified undergraduate program, that embraces campuses in Lincoln and Omaha, plus a medical center. In addition to his association with a state-wide system of higher education, he has been both a professor of electrical engineering and a senior scientist in a private research and development firm. While teaching at Purdue University he developed a unique honors program in electrical engineering and an honors curriculum in pure mathematics. The 40-year-old chief executive also has a background in the arts and social sciences. He was a timpainist with the St. Louis Philharmonic from 1955 to 1958. He was the youngest person (14) ever to have performed with the Philharmonic on a regular basis. Dr. Sample's appointment last October by the Trustees, on recommendation of Chancellor Clifton R. Wharton and the U/B Council, results from a six-month nationwide search. The search began in April, 1981 when President Robert L. Ketter announced his intention to step down January 1, 1982, after almost 12 years in the position. Mr. Robert I. Millonzi, chairman emeritus of the University Council and head of the presidential search advisory committee, noted that of more than a dozen candidates interviewed, Dr. Sample had credentials that best suited the mission of the university center. Dr. Sample became executive vice president for academic affairs at the University of Nebraska in 1974. That university enrolls nearly 40,000 students and has a faculty of 3,000, a supporting staff of 9,000 and an annual budget of $300 million. UN has essentially the same components as U/B - the arts and sciences, business, fine arts, education, law, medicine, nursing, dentistry, pharmacy, engineering and architecture, a graduate college, and continuing education. There are also colleges of public administration and home economics, and an Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 34 Dr. Sample Nebraska's was the first graduate college west of the Mississippi; today the University has more than 260 separate degree programs, 35 at the doctoral level. In his role at Nebraska, Dr. Sample was responsible for overall administration of graduate studies and was the chief academic officer for the entire system. During his tenure, the University of Nebraska has strengthened standards for promotion and tenure, improved faculty salaries, nearly doubled the University's share of federal research funds, clarified its role and mission relative to other institutions in the State, established a system of tuition waivers for graduate assistants, and integrated academic and fiscal planning. He teaches, also The new U/B president holds an appointment as full professor of electrical engineering and taught each fall semester on the Lincoln campus. He is a member of the Nebraska Educational Television Commission; a member of the board of directors of Design and Manufacturers Corporation, a major manufacturer of home appliances; one of only two members from Nebraska on the Council on Foreign Relations, a group which has played a major role in shaping American foreign policy over the last half century; and a member of the Academic Affairs Committee of the Board of Governors of Nebraska Wesleyan University. THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Before joining the University of Nebraska, Dr. Sample was deputy director for academic affairs for the Illinois Board of Higher Education. That agency oversees 13 public university campuses, 47 public community colleges, more than 50 private institutions which receive direct State aid, and an extensive student aid program at both public and private institutions. In the post, which he assumed in 1971, Dr. Sample and his staff were responsible for review of requests for new academic programs, for revising the state-wide master plan for higher education, for developing role and mission statements for each of Illinois' public colleges and universities, for reviewing budget requests for new and expanded programs, and for administering grants to encourage inter-institutional and interstate cooperation in higher education. Tenure at 29 While serving with the Illinois Board, Dr. Sample was on leave from Purdue where he was appointed an assistant professor in the School of Electrical Engineering in 1966. In 1970, at age 29, he was awarded tenure and promoted to associate professor. In that same year, he was named one of 35 national Fellows in Academic Administration by the American Council on Education. His fellowship year was spent in the Office of the President at Purdue. Dr. Sample's research has been in the area of electrohydrodynamics; his teaching in the fields of electromagnetic theory and the electrical properties of materials. With funds from the National Science Foundation, SPRING, 1982 he supported at Purdue a research program which generated a number of papers, articles and graduate student theses. Consistently cited by students as one of Purdue's top teachers, he taught graduate courses and a televised course for practicing engineers, and established an honors program for electrical engineers. Under that program, undergraduates could follow individuallytailored programs leading directly to a master's degree. Before entering academe, he was a senior scientist with Melpar, Inc., a research and development firm, and assistant director of that company's Electronics Research Laboratory. A number of papers and basic patents have resulted from his later work as a consultant for several industrial firms in the field of soHd state controls for appliances. One of those patents was issued when he was a graduate intern with Xerox Corporation in Rochester in 1963. A native of St. Louis, Missouri, Dr. Sample received his baccalaureate degree with highest honors in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois in 1962. He earned the master's and Ph.D. in the same field from the same university in 1963 and 1965 respectively. He is a member of Sigma Xi and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and the author of a number of papers on both scientific and educational topics. The U/B President married Kathryn Nancy Brunkow of Park Ridge, Illinois in 1961. They have two daughters, Michelle Louise, 19, and Melissa Ann, 13.0 35 �People Dr. Martin E. Plaut, professor of medicine, has been named associate chief of medicine at Sisters of Charity Hospital. He held a similar position at Buffalo General Hospital the last 10 years. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and the Infectious Disease Society of America. Dr. Plaut has published 50 scientific articles in the field of internal medicine and infectious disease. The Doctors Guide to You and Your Colon is his most recent book.D Dr. Frank Mendel, assistant professor of anatomical sciences, is studying the habitat and behavior of sloths, branch clinging Central American mammals. Dr. Mendel is a physical anthropoligist and his specialty is relating the anatomy of an animal to its environment. The U/B animal facility is the home of the three sloths, but often Dr. Mendel takes them to his own fenced back yard for study.D Pediatric Continuing Education Programs Dr. Elias Cohen, research associate professor of microbiology/clinical associate professor of psychiatry, was appointed to the editorial board of the Journal of Soviet Oncology. He was also reappointed to the editorial board of Annals of Clinical Laboratory Science.O Two faculty members are newly elected officers of the Buffalo Plastic Surgery Society. Dr. Hanley M. Horowitz, M'69, is vice president, and Dr. Joel H. Paull, M'71, is treasurer. Both are clinical instructors in surgery. Dr. Kulwant S. Bhangoo is the new president.D Dr. Gerd J .A. Cropp, professor of pediatrics, was a visiting professor at Sophia Hospital, University of Rotterdam, The Netherlands recently. He is also chief of the division of pulmonary disease at Children's Hospital.O March 25-27 "National Conference on Advances in Infant Nutrition and Pediatric Gastroenterology," Dr. Emanuel Lebenthal; Sarasota Hyatt House, Sarasota, Florida. April16-17"The 4th Annual Neonatal/Perinatal Spring Symposium Presents: Infectious Diseases," Dr. Ralph J. Wynn; Niagaraon-the Lake. June 21-25"The 2nd International Symposium on Infant Nutrition and the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract," Dr. Emanuel Lebenthal; Sheridan Brock Hotel, Niagara Falls, Canada. July 15-17"The 5th National Buffalo Conference on Pediatric/Adult Allergy and Clinical Immunology," Drs. Elliott Middleton and Elliot F. Ellis; The Four Seasons Hotels, Toronto, Ontario. July 22-24 "The 14th National Advances in Pediatrics," Dr. Elliot F. Ellis; Harrah's Marina Hotel, Atlantic City, New Jersey. September 10-11 "The 4th Neonatal/Perinatal Fall Symposium Presents: Pharmacology and Therapeutics," Dr. Ralph J. Wynn; Buffalo Marriott Hotel. October 28-30 "Recent Advances in Pediatric Lung Diseases," Dr. Gerd J.A. Cropp; Hyatt Hilton Head Island, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. 36 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �President Robert L. Ketter received an honorary doctorate at the 103rd Founder's Day ceremony of Lehigh University in October.D The first dean of the School of Health Related Professions at U/B has been appointed a member of the Board of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention at the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. Over the next two years, Dr. J. Warren Perry and his 14 colleagues will identify and examine key problems and issues in public health. Dr. Perry was elected to the Institute in 1973. Dr. Herman Rahn, distinguished professor of physiology at U/B, and Dr. Gerhard Levy, distinguished professor of pharmaceutics at U/B, are the only other Buffalonians to be elected to the 400-member organization.D Dr. Jerome A. Roth, associate professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, spoke at the Workshop on Sulfate Metabolism in the Netherlands recently.D Dr. Gerhard Levy, an internationallyknown pioneer of pharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics at U/B, received the Oscar B. Hunter Memorial Award in Therapeutics from the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics in March, during the organization's annual convention in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. The award honors individual scientists for outstanding contributions to clinical pharmacology and therapeutics through meritorious drug research, excellence in patient care and a distinguished teaching career. Dr. Levy, 53, has been the director of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Center at U/B for the past two years. The $2 million center, funded with a five-year grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, is one of 10 in the nation that deals specifically with the pharmacology and toxicology of drugs. The center monitors and analyzes the way different people absorb, metabolize and respond to medicinal agents, with the goal being to optimize the therapeutic value and minimize..- the toxic effects of important and widely-used drugs.D SPRING, 1982 Dr. V. Balu, assistant professor of medicine, presented scientific papers at International meetings in Hong Kong and Jerusalem last November and December. "Does Mitral Revascularization Improve Mitral Regurgitation in Coronary Artery Disease" was presented at the 7th AsiaPacific Congress on "Disease of the Chest." This was at the plenary session on recent advances in the treatment of coronary disease. In Jerusalem at the International Society and Federation of Cardiology, Scientific Council on Rehabilitation of Cardiac Patients, The 2nd World Congress on Cardiac Rehabilitation, Dr. Balu presented two papers "Does Left Ventricular Aneurysmectomy Improve Exercise Performance" and also a poster session on the "Long-term Survival of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Mitral Regurgitation. "D Dr. Henry E. Black has been named "Man of the Year" by the Foundation of Deaconess Hospital, Inc. Dr. Black is clinic chief of the department of medicine at the Deaconess Hospital Division of Buffalo General Hospital and has been on its medical staff since 1974. The annual award is given to the individual who best promotes the mission of Deaconess Hospital in the community. Dr. Black is a clinical assistant professor of medicine and family medicine at the Medical School.D Dr. Robert L. LaDuca, clinical associate in family medicine, has been recertified as a Diplomate of the American Board of Familv Practice.D · A new device which electrically stimulates maximum muscle contractions without producing pain promises to speed recovery for patients recovering from a variety of orthopedic ailments, says a State University at Buffalo physical therapist. Alfred Caffiero, U/B clinical instructor and co-chief of the physical therapy department at St. Joseph Intercommunity Hospital, says preliminary studies of ElectroStim 180, dubbed the "Russian-like" stimulator, show the device can strengthen weak muscles in less time than can be achieved by exercise alone. The device has been on the U.S. market for several months.D 37 People �People "In recognition of her many years of distinguished service as History of Medicine librarian at the Health Sciences Library," Mildred F. Hallowitz has been named History of Medicine librarian emeritus, October 1, 1981, following her retirement. Prior to her previous appointment as head of the Serials and Bindery Department at the Health Sciences Library in 1972, Ms. Hallowitz had served since 1965 in both the Acquisitions and Cataloging Departments of Central Technical Services of the University Libraries. She assumed her present position as History of Medicine librarian in 1974. Established in 1846, the History of Medicine Collection contains valuable, rare resources in this specialized field and has grown steadily. Saktidas Roy said it was only in recent years, however, "through the untiring effort and leadership of Ms. Hallowitz that the collection was well organized and proper bibliographic records were established so the collection could become readily accessible to and meet the needs of faculty, students, and researchers at the University and in the health community." The collection has now earned recognition as a major resource on the subject among the academic health sciences libraries, Roy said. Ms. Hallowitz was the major organizer of the Friends of the Health Sciences Library group through which numerous gifts from the community were received and the "Rudolph E. Siegel Student Essay Contest on the History of Health Sciences" was launched. She is a member of the American Association for the History of Medicine, American Academy for the History of Dentistry, and the History of Medicine Group of the Medical Library Association. She is presently serving as president of the Medical Historical Society of Western New York, the first woman and non-M.D. member ever elected to such a post in the long history of the organization.D Dr. Edwin W. Naylor, research associate professor of pediatrics, presented lectures in Heidelberg, West Germany recently. The topics: "The Role of the Pathogen and of the Hose in Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections: An Overview," and "Enteropathogeneticity: Recent Developments."O 38 Dr. Joel M. Bernstein, assistant professor of otolaryngology, attended the 12th International Congress of Otolaryngology, Budapest, Hungary, this past summer. He cochaired a session on "Borderline Topics of Immunology and Disease of the Ear, Nose and Throat." Two lectures were presented at this Congress: Neutrophile Dysfunction in Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Biology of Immune Responses (An Overview). Dr. Bernstein also attended the annual meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, New Orleans, La., Sept. 18-24. The 2 papers presented were as follows: The Role of Coagulase Negative Staphlococci in Otitis Media with Effusion (Co-authors- Dr. Erwin Neter, and Diane Dryja). and The Spectrum of Pathology in Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion (Co-author- Dr. John Fisher).D The Rush Hall alcoholism treatment program of Bry-Lin Hospital, will open a new 14-bed treatment unit bringing the facility's capacity to 46 inpatients. Twenty-five to thirty nursing staff members and four alcoholism counselors will be added for the unit.D Three faculty members of the Pediatrics Department have received grants. Dr. Danny Shen, research assistant professor of pediatrics, has received a grant from the American Heart Association for $7,283. It is for the Disposition and Metabolism of Quinidin in Children from July 1, 1981 through June 30, 1982. Dr. E. Lebenthal, professor of pediatrics, has received a $170,673 National Institutes of Health grant for the Digestability of Starches and Pancreas Development from August 1, 1981 to July 31, 1984. Dr. Robin M. Bannerman, professor of medicine and pediatrics, is the recipient of a $30,997 grant from Health Research, Inc. for Cooley's Anemia in Western New York from July 1, 1981 through September 30, 1982.0 Dr. Louis Bakay, professor and chairman of the department of neurosurgery, was elected to the Council, Medical Historical Society of WNY and the Erie County Historical Society.D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Four faculty members are officers in the New York State Academy of Family Physicians. Dr. James R. Nunn, M'55, clinical associate in medicine and clinical assistant professor of family medicine, is presidentelect. Dr. Fredric Hirsh, M'73, clinical instructor in family medicine, is president; the new vice-president is Dr. Louis Lazar, clinical assistant professor of family medicine, and Dr. Clinton H. Strong, M'44, clinical assistant professor of family medicine, is treasurer. The secretary is Dr. Frederick M. Occhino, D.O., clinical assistant professor of family medicine.D Dr. W. Jack Stelmach received the 13th annual Dr. Max Cheplove Award of the Erie County Chapter of the New York State Academy of Family Physicians. Dr. Stelmach is past president of the American Academy of Family Physicians and a clinical professor of medicine at the University of Missouri Medical School in Kansas City.D Dr. Barbara J. Howell, professor of physiology, headed a faculty committee that developed the specifics of the Presidential Scholars program. This is a freshman honors class of 21 that started at U/B in the fall of 1981. As honors students, they each receive a $2,000 scholarship and special academic planning assistance. President Robert L. Ketter proposed the program a year ago. The Presidential Scholars must maintain a 3.5 grade point average. In 1982 SUNY is initiating an honors program system-wide, offering 40 honors scholarships for full tuition and room and board.D Dr. James R. Olson, assistant professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, has been awarded a $78,019 NIH grant on the "Mechanism(s) for Toxicity of Chlorinated De benzodioxins. "0 Dr. Barbara R. Rennick, professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, has been appointed to the editorial board of the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Dr. Rennick also received a grant from Hoffmann-LaRoche Foundation. She has also co-authored an artiqle for the American Journal of Physiology.D SPRING, 1982 Dr. Kenneth B. Touw, assistant professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, received a $7,000 grant from the Western New York Chapter, American Heart Association.D Since October a new CAT body scanner has been in operation at Sisters of Charity Hospital.D Dr. Conrad G. May, family practice physician at Sisters of Charity Hospital, has joined the staff of the Seton Family Health Center in Alden.D Dr. Cedric Smith, professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, was a visiting professor at the University of Kentucky in December.D Dr. Barbara R. Rennick, professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, co-authored an article, "Renal Tubule Transport and Electrolyte Effects of Amiloride in the Chicken," for the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.D Dr. Jerome A. Roth, associate professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, received a $1,870 SUNYAB Research Development Grant.D Millard Fillmore Hospital has been fortunate enough to be included in a group of 300 teaching hospitals to receive a Miles Learning Center Videodisc Player. The center, which includes a videodisc player and remote control, is a $3,000 unit donated by Miles Pharmaceuticals. Eight videodiscs, on various medical topics, will be donated by Miles Pharmaceuticals to Millard Fillmore on a monthly basis. In addition, the company will continue producing medical information discs to donate, so hospitals utilizing the centers can develop videodisc libraries. Dr. M. Luther Musselman, M'37, director of medical education, believes the acquisition of the center is an advancement not only for the education department but Millard Fillmore as a whole. He feels it is a most important and useful teaching tool and is pleased to have "the most modern videodisc player presently available." Only one other player will be made available in the Buffalo area.D 39 People �People Two Medical School faculty members participated in the American Heart Association 's annual meeting in Dallas recently. Dr. Francis J. Klocke, professor of medicine and physiology was invited to present the prestigious "state of the art" address on chronic ischemic heart disease. His topic: "Myrocardial Perfusion in Chronic IHDControlling Mechanisms, Functional Consequences and Unsolved Problems. Dr. Klocke is also chief of the division of cardiology at U/B . In addition, U/B clinical associate professor Dr. D.R. Arani presented research findings on "Simultaneous Quantitation of Collateral Flow and Adjacent Left Ventricular Flow in Patients with Left Anterior Descending Occlusion." The research is coauthored by Drs . D.G. Greene , Ivan L. Bunnell, Klocke, and Gretchen Smith.D Two Medical School faculty members have been appointed by SUNY Chancellor Clifton R. Wharton Jr. to the Chancellor's Review Committee for the statewideUniversity Awards Program. Named to the ad hoc committee are Drs. Judith Van Liew, associate professor of physiology, and Michael Duffey, assistant professor of physiology. The committee is charged with holding forums to gather information on and to review the University Awards Program , its philosophy and concepts. Over its 27-year history, the Program, administered by the Joint Awards Council, has dispensed $15 million to SUNY scientists. Most of these funds have been awarded to scientists in the early stages of their careers. The program currently has $750,000 earmarked for research projects and, until this year, was the most significant expenditure of Research Foundation funds for research development.D Dr. Gabor Markus, research professor of biochemistry, received a $72 ,745 American Cancer Society grant to study plasminogen activators and related proteases in human tumors.D Dr. Hermann Rahn, distinguished professor of physiology, received an honorary Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Bern in December.D 40 Dr. Howard Ozer, assistant professor of medicine/microbiology received a $106,000 grant from the Schering Corporation for interferon research on solid tumors and lymphomas. Dr. Ozer is in the medical oncology department at Roswell Park Memorial Institute.D While visiting the Peoples Republic of China in November President Robert L. Ketter signed a three-year agreement for scholarly exchange and collaboration between U/B and the Beijing Municipal System of Higher Education. Each institution agreed to accept up to the equivalent of four visiting scholars for each academic year. They will also exchange 15 to 18 visiting graduate students a year, and publications authored by faculty and staff. The Beijing Municipal System is composed of eight universities and specialized institutes.D The pediatrics department in conjunction with Children's Hospital sponsored a summer program to give minority high school students experience in medical research. It was funded by a grant from the Department of Health and Human Services . The three students worked with faculty and staff in the divisions of pulmonary disease, cardiology and infectious disease . Dr. Edmund Egan II, associate professor of pediatrics and physiology, directed the program.D The Erie County Mental Health Advisory Board and the Mental Hygiene Community Services Board gave a diploma to Dr. S. Mouchly Small, professor of psychiatry, in recognition of his tenure on the Board and his significant contributions of time and effort to the community.D Dr. Daniel R. Pieroni, associate professor of pediatrics, gave a seminar at the European Congress of Ultrasound in Florence, Italy. He also gave several seminars in CardioUltrasonology at the International School of Ultrasonology in Erice-Trapani , Sicily. Dr. Pieroni also lectured at the University Hospital in Trieste, Italy on, "Long-Term Follow-Up Status of the Adult with Congenital Heart Disease."D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. James A. ' Russell, assistant professor of pediatrics, is the recipient of two grants from the National Institutes of Health. "Bronchoactive Component in Cotton Bracts," for $176,855 is through March 1984. "Modulation of Neurotransmitter Release in Airways," is $159,242 through June 30,1984.0 Dr. J. Craig Venter, assistant professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, co-authored an article with Claire M. Fraser and Michael Kaliner recently in the New England Journal of Medicine. It is entitled, "Autonomic Abnormalities and Autoantibodies to BetaAdrenergic Receptors. "0 Dr. Peter Nickerson, professor of pathology, was appointed vice chairman of the admissions committee at the Medical School.D Dr. Gustavo Cudkowicz, professor of pathology and microbiology, was appointed chairperson of the Medical School's committee for faculty appointments and promotions to research rank recently. He was also appointed chairperson of a medical school scientific review committee for the allocation of research development funds to medical school faculty by the Research Foundation.D Dr. Cedric M. Smith, professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, was awarded a New York State Health Research Council grant for $16,000 December 1982 entitled, "Neuronal Mechanisms of Alcohol Withdrawal Signs."D Dr. Jerome A. Roth, associate professor of pharmacology and therapeutics, presented a lecture entitled, "Kinetic Model for the Metabolism of Catecholamines in the Human Brain" at McGill University, Montreal.D Dr. Edwin W. Naylor, research associate professor of pediatrics, published an article entitled, "Newborn Screening for Urea Cycle Disorders," in Pediatrics recently. He also co-authored an article with E.J. Gradner entitled, "Adrenal Adenomas in a Pq.tient with Gardner's Syndrome," in Clinical Genetics.O SPRING, 1982 Dr. Erwin Neter, professor emeritus of pediatrics and microbiology, co-authored an article recently with D.M. Dryja entitled, "Use of Penicillin and Nafcillin Discs as an Aid to Identification of Pasteruella Multocida," which appeared in the Journal of Medicine. He also co-authored another article with R. Boulden in Immunological Communications entitled, "Amoinoglycosides and Polymyxin by Salmonella Antibodies."D Two faculty members/alumni have been elected officers of the DeGraff Memorial Hospital staff. Dr. Melvin M. Brothman, M'58, is the new president and Dr. Jacqueline L. Paroski, M'49, is vice president. President-elect is Dr. Leslie A. Szirmai, clinical assistant professor of pediatrics. Dr. George Egri, clinical assistant professor of urology, is secretary and Dr. H. William Sippel was re-elected treasurer.O In January Children's Hospital began a $11 million project to complete the interior of the top eight floors of its Variety Tower. When the project is completed in 1983 the majority of the hospital's pediatric and maternity beds will be relocated there. The project is financed by a $7 million fund raising campaign.O Drs. Amol Lele, director of the Women's Clinic at The Children's Hospital and William P. Dillon, M'70, assistant professor of obstetrics/gynecology recently received their sub-specialty certification in Maternal-Fetal Medicine upon passing board exams in that division.D Dr. John Border, professor of surgery, was elected vice president of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. He also directs the Erie County Medical Center's trauma research center. The professional association, founded in 1938 by a group of surgeons interested in the cultivation and improvement of the science and art of surgery for trauma, numbers over 500 members. Dr. Border directs one of a small number of national trauma research centers. For his work to improve trauma care and understanding of patients' response to injury, he earned the American Trauma Society's Curtis P. Artz Award.O 41 People �People Dr. Clifton R. Wharton Jr., chancellor of the State University of New York, has been elected chairman of the board of trustees of the Rockefeller Foundation. He will succeed the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh, president of the University of Notre Dame.D Dr. C. William Aungst, associate director for clinical affairs at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, was recently elected 1981-1982 vicepresident/president-elect of the American Cancer Society, New York State Division. He is a research associate professor of medicine at the Medical School.O The first annual Millard Fillmore Golf Open was organized by Dr. Paul Wierzbieniec, M'74, clinical instructor in orthopedics. Over $1,000 was raised for the hospital's development fund . The tourney was at the Crag Burn Country Club in East Aurora. Dr. Wierzbieniec, with four birdies, and Dr. Paul Walczak, M' 46, clinical associate professor of surgery, with five birdies, lead their team to the best overall gross score of 66. Dr . Wierzbieniec shot the low gross score of the day with a 70. The other two team members were Dr. Harry Metcalf and Mr. Frank Harding. The low net score for a four-man team was a 50, shot by the team of Barone-CarlsJoyce-Kuberka, with two teams tying for second place: Painton-Piedad-TramontFerguson, and Lombardo-McMahonPrzylucki-Rainstein, each with a 55.0 Three Medical School faculty members participated in a day-long seminar on Prostaglandins recently. The topics presented were - "Prostaglandins in Toxemia of Pregnancy," Dr. Rocco C. Venuto, associate professor of medicine at U/B; "Hypertension, Sodium and the Prostaglandins," Dr. James B. Lee, U/B professor of medicine and a pioneer in prostaglandin research.D "Intrathecal Interferon Reduces Exacerbations of Multiple Sclerosis" was authored by Dr. Lawrence Jacobs for Science magazine. He is a neurologist at the Dent Neurologic Institute, Millard Fillmore Hospital , and clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology and physiology. Assisting in the research project was Drs. Judith O'Malley and Arnold Freeman, research associate professors of pediatrics.D 42 "Control of Vitamin Metabolism by Hormones and Drugs" was the topic of the first nutritional lecture in December by Dr. Richard S. Rivlin, professor of medicine at Cornell Medical College. Dr. David R. Pendergast, associate professor of physiology, gave the second lecture in the series. His topic: "Implications of Nutrition in Exercise and Sports."D Dr. Howard Ozer, assistant professor of medicine/microbiology received a $59,000 grant from the National Cancer Institute, to study immunoregulation by T cell subsets in myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. He is in the medical oncology department at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. He also received a $76,975 grant to conduct a phase II clinical trial of human fibroblast interferon (HFIF) in lymphoma and myeloma patients, which represents one of the most comprehensive clinical trials on interferon undertaken to date.D A three-year, $500,000 grant has been awarded to the School of Nursing by the Department of Health and Human Services to establish a gerontology specialty in the adult health nurse practitioner master's program. Patrick Burns, project director and assistant professor said the grant will be used to foster more positive attitudes toward the care of the elderly by educating 30 nurse practitioners in gerontology and sponsoring two courses: "Humanistic Aging" and "Aging and the Environment" for all U/B seniors and graduate students.D The American Association of Clinical Chemists, Upstate N.Y. Chapter celebrated its 25th anniversary in a meeting at the Marriott Hotel in October. During the celebration, six people were given recognition for their activities in the field of "education and advancement of clinical chemistry." Two of these awardee's were from Buffalo, and both members of Erie County Medical Center. Their names: Dr. Desider A. Pragay, clinical associate professor of biochemistry and pathology, director of chemistry laboratory, Erie County Medical Center and Thomas Rejent, B.S., chief toxicologist, medical examiners' division, Erie County Medical Center. The awards consisted of a plaque and a check of $100 given by Fisher Scientific Company on the occasion.D THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Richard Ahlin's curriculum vitae numbers 57 pages, and 24 hours each day are not enough for all this remarkable medical scientist wants to accomplish. Admittedly a compulsive type, he is the senior scientific officer, Division of Immunology, Chicago's Cook County Hospital and the Hektoen Institute for Medical Research. Dr. Ahlin '67, who majored in immunology at U/B, recently told an international symposium on the prevention and detection of cancer about research he has conducted on prostate cancer, working with 25 of his hospital's patients. As editor of Spanish, Japanese, German and United States medical journals, Dr. Ahlin is recognized in many parts of the world. He edited the "Handbook of Cryosurgery" and has held the most important local, national and international offices in that society.D Dr. Saxon Graham, clinical professor and chairman of the department of Social and Preventive Medicine, has been named to serve on the American College of Epidemiology's Board of Directors. The new organization has approximately 300 members, all of whom are epidemiologists. Dr. Graham is a Fellow in the ACE.D Dr. Joong 0. Rhee, clinical associate professor of psychiatry, presented, "Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Two Case Reports and Overview," at the 12th Congress Confederation Medical Association in Asia and Oceania and the 23rd General Scientific Meeting of the Korean Medical Association, Seoul, Korea, recently.D Dr. Gustavo Cudkowicz, professor of pathology and microbiology, attended the 12th International Congress of Chemotherapy, Florence, Italy recently and was the chairman of the symposium on "Cancer Immuno Chemotherapy: Experimental Models of Cell-mediated Immunity" and presented a symposium paper entitled "Natural Killer Cells: Regulation of Activity via Cellular Interactions." He also visited the Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy and presented a seminar to the Section of Virology entitled "Regulation of Natural Killer Cell Activity in Mice," Dr. Gudkowicz also participated in the International SymSPRING, 1982 posium sponsored by the World Health Organization on "Prospective Biological Products for Viral and Nonbacterial Diseases held in Munich. He presented a lecture entitled "Natural Killer Cells: Regulation of Activity and Role in Viral Infections." He was also a keynote speaker for the Canadian Society of Immunology at the annual meeting of the Canadian Federation of Biological Societies held in Montreal.O Dr. John Gaeta, professor of pathology and associate professor of urology, participated in a meeting of National Prostatic Cancer Project at the University of Iowa Department of Urology. His topic: "Pathology Features of 300 Cases of Prostate Cancer. "0 Dr. Lawrence D. Jacobs, clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology and research assistant professor of physiology, has been elected secretary-treasurer of the American Academy of Neurology. He is also affiliated with the Dent Neurologic Institute of Millard Fillmore Hospital.O Dr. Marvin I. Herz, professor and chairman of psychiatry, has been appointed to the Psychosocial and Biobehavioral Treatments Subcommittee of the Treatment Development and Assessment Research R~view Committee, National Institutes of Mental Health. He has also made a presentation regarding fiscal and other barriers to the use of partial hospitalization. To the joint session with the American Association for Partial Hospitalization, American Psychiatric Association 33rd Institute on Hospital and Community Psychiatry, he presented the role of partial hospitals in the comprehensive mental health system - real and ideal in San Diego. He was guest speaker at a Colloquium on Biobehavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatric Institute, UCLA. His topic was, ''The Problem of Relapse in Schizophrenia."O Dr. Stuart Keill, clinical professor of psychiatry, has assumed the presidency of the American Association of Psychiatric Administrators. He has been appointed chairman of the committee of certification in administrative psychiatry of the American Psychiatric Association and chairman of the public psychiatry committee of the New York State Psychiatric Association.D 43 People �The Classes The Classes of the 1920's Dr. Max Cheplove, M'26, is chairman of the medical advisory committee, Erie Community College. The Max Cleplove Award is given annually to a physician for his contributions to the practice of family medicine.D The Classes of the 1930's Dr. August V. Belott, M'31, retired last fall. He is living at 4000 E. Fletcher Ave., Apt. D206, Tampa, Florida 33612.0 Dr. Virgil-Henry F. Boeck, M'31, clinical assistant professor of medicine, Emeritus, is among the 298 New York State physicians honored for 50 years of service to the public by the Medical Society of the State of New York.O Dr. Raymond R. Meyers, M'34, is recovering from a stroke he had in 1980. He has spent the last 45 years as a family physician in the Riverside Black Rock area of Buffalo. He is a charter member of the Academy of Family Physicians and past president of Phi Kappa Lambda, national medical fraternity. Dr. Meyers is looking forward to returning to his profession soon.D Dr. Bernard S. Stell, M'36, has been elected "associate" by the Photographic Society of America for his "beneficial guidance of photographers through many lectures explaining innovative products to improve techniques; for his extensive exhibition record in three divisions; and for his ability to inject enthusiasm and interest into photographic workshops in Arizona." In the stereo slide division of the 23rd Sydney International Exhibition of Photography, Dr. Stell's "Rose in Blue Droplet" won a silver award. At the Los Angeles County Fair 25th Annual International Exhibition of Photography Dr. Stell won a bronze medal for "Hummingbird 81A" and "Skylon, Canada"; and honorable mention ribbons for "The Antique" and "Nephila Spider" in the stereo division. In the pictorial division his "Black Light, Red Flowers - HM" and "Pacific View" won ribbons along with "Alert & Ready" and "Saguaro Cactus - HM" in the nature division. Dr. and Mrs. Stell live at 16029 Meadow Park Drive, Sun City, Arizona 85351.0 44 The Classes of the 1940's Dr. Eugene J. Hanavan, M'41, clinical assistant professor of orthopedics, was welcomed officially as a Fellow of the International College of Surgeons at a convocation ceremony in the Hotel del Coronado, San Diego.O Dr. Richard Ament, M'42, clinical professor of anthesiology, has been elected treasurer of the Council of Medical Specialty Societies and deputy treasurer of the World Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists. In addition, he has been re-elected vicechairman of the American Medical Association, Section Council for Anesthesiology and to the nominating committee for the American Board of Anesthesiology. Dr. Ament was recently appointed as a member of the Delphi Panel which is projecting 1990 manpower needs in anesthesiology for the office of graduate medical education of the Health Resources Administration, Department of Human Health Services.D Dr. William J. Follette, M'42, is retiring after 32 years on the Englewood, N.J. Hospital staff. He is a former chief of the ear, nose, throat department with a specialty in otolaryngology and rhinoplasty. He and Mrs. Follette intend to eventually live in Martha's Vineyard. Currently they are living at Lambs Lane, P.O. Box X, Cresskill, N.J. 07626.0 Dr. Leon Yochelson, M'42, is professor of psychiatry and behavorial sciences at George Washington University Medical School. He is chairman of the Psychiatric Institutes of America and was re-elected to the Board of Directors, Federation of American Hospitals. Dr. Yochelson lives at 7914 Orchid Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20012.0 Dr. Alfred S. Evans, M'43, is president of the Society of Medical Consultants to the Armed Forces. He is living at 38 Dogwood Circle, Woodbridge, Ct. 06525.0 Dr. Robert Moyce, M'43, is retired and living in Newport Beach, California.O Dr. Thomas F. Frawley, M'44, president of the American College of Physicians; emeritus professor and chairman of medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, was installed THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �as a Fellow (honorary) Royal College of Physicians, Ireland at a ceremony held at the Royal College, Dublin, in October, 1981. Dr. Frawley is also a Fellow (honorary) of the Venezuelan Society of Internal Medicine. These awards were given in recognition of Dr. Frawley's research and contributions in the field of endocrinology and the role he has played in advancing medical education in the United States. Dr. Frawley is currently chairman, department of Graduate Medical Education, St. John's Mercy Medical Center, St. Louis.D Dr. Irwin Ginsberg, M'44, is seeking federal funds for research to validate his belief that air pollutants are a major cause of middle ear disease. He is fighting a proposal to relax auto emission standards now pending in Congress. The clinical professor of otolarngology believes the proposal holds the potential of aggravating a serious health problem. Unless the middle ear disease is treated, children will often have permanent hearing loss, according to Dr. Ginsberg.D Dr. Raphael S. Good, M'48, has accepted a new position, vice chairman of phychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate professor of psychiatry and ob/gyn, at the University of Texas, Galveston. He was formerly associated with the University of Miami Medical School where he was director of psychiatric consultation-liaison. He is immediate past president of the American Society Psychosomatic Ob/Gyn.D Dr. Carmela S. Armenia, M'49, clinical associate professor of ob/gyn and a past president of the Erie County Medical Society, has been elected to a two-year term as president of the 8th District Branch of the New York State Medical Society. Others elected are: Drs. Frederick R. Downs, M'70, clinical instructor in family medicine, secretary; Harvey J. Blanchet, Jr., president-elect; and treasurer, William T. Ellis.D Dr. Carm ela A rm enia The Classes of the 1950's Dr. Anne A. Wasson, M'50, is working parttime as voluntary faculty at the University of Kentucky Schools of Medicine and Nursing. She is also principal investigator of the rural oncology demonstration grant, division of nursing grant, rural primary care nursing grant, and interim director of frontier nursing service. She works at Frontier Nursing Service, Hyden, Kentucky 41749.0 Dr. Eugene Leslie, M'51, resigned as radiology department chairman in July. He will continue as professor of radiology and clinical professor of nuclear medicine.D Dr. Bruce F. Connell, M'52, was invited by the New York Academy of Medicine to lecture on "Anesthetic Plastic Surgery of the Ages of Fifties, Sixties and Seventies in the Decade of the 80's" and "Anesthetic Plastic Surgery of the Face." He is associate clinical professor of surgery, California College of Medicine, Irving.D Dr. Victor Panaro, M'52, clinical professor of radiology and clinical associate professor of nuclear medicine, has been named to the National Commission on Radiologic Practice. He also was re-elected house delegate, radiology, State Medical Society.D Dr. Milford C. Maloney, M'53, clinical associate professor of medicine, has been elected a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology.D Dr. Edward W. Hohensee, M'54, has been appointed to a five-year term on the medical advisory board of the New York State Commission for the Blind and Visually Handicapped. He is a clinical assistant professor of ophthalmology.D Dr. William R. Kinkel, M'54, clinical professor of neurology and clinical associate professor of anatomy, was elected president of the American Society of Neuroimaging. He is also chairman of the neurology department and director of the Dent Neurologic Institute at Millard Fillmore Hospital.D 45 �Dr. John B. Baker, M'55, a neurologist, lives at 801 9th Ave., Albany, Ga. 31701.0 Dr. George J. Alker, Jr., M'56, was a visiting professor of neuroradiology in the People's Republic of China recently. He is clinical professor of radiology and clinical associate professor of nuclear medicine.D Dr. Joseph A. Bellanti, M'58, discussed developments in immunology recently at a meeting of the Baccelli Medical Club of Buffalo. He is director of the immunology and virology laboratories at Georgetown University Medical Center. He has published more than 150 medical articles. At one time he was on the staffs of Millard Fillmore and Children's Hospitals in Buffalo.D Dr. Ronald W. Byledbal, M'58, is a psychiatrist. His office is 990 Sonoma Avenue, #12, Santa Rosa, Ca. 95404.0 The Classes of the 1960's Dr. Kenneth E. Bell, M'61, is associate clinical professor of ob/gyn at the University of California, Irvine. He is chief of the ob/gyn department at Kaiser-Permanente Medical Center in Anaheim. He was recently elected to the board of directors of the Southern California Permanente Medical Group. Dr. Bell lives at 6320 Vera Crest Drive, Long Beach, Ca. 90815.0 Dr. Eugene A. Cimino, M'61, is a consulting ophthalmologist at the University of Rochester. He lives at 43 E. Boulevard, Rochester, N.Y. 14610.0 Dr. Marc Lowen, M'62, has been elected to Sinai Hospital's medical staff.D Dr. Frank E. Ehrlich, M'63, is the new chairman of the emergency department at St. Agnes Hospital in Baltimore.D Dr. David E. Pittman, M'64, has been elected a Fellow, Society of Cardiac Angiography. Dr. Pittman, as assistant clinical professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical School, lives at 551 Pebblewood Court, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15237.0 Dr. Richard E. Wolin, M'64, is the new president of the Bry-Lin Hospital Medical Staff. The clinical assistant professor of psychiatry is a Fellow of the American 46 Psychiatric Association and past president of the Western New York District Branch, APS. Dr. Wolin is also associated with the Erie County Medical Center, Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center and Millard Fillmore and Lafayette General Hospitals.D Dr. James L.M. Moran, M'66, is associate clinical professor of ob/gyn at the University of Southern California Medical School. He has been in private practice for eight years and a senior staff member at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica. He served in the U.S. Navy Medical Corps for two years before taking his residency at USC (1969-73). He lives at 510-21st Place, Santa Monica, Ca. 90402.0 Dr. Larence D. Baker, M'68, is living at 1992 Clairmeade Avenue, Atlanta, Ga. 30329.0 The Classes of the 1970's Dr. Thomas V. Krulisky, M'70, is assistant clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Southern California Medical School. He has been appointed clinical director, USC Alternatives Project. This is a research program to deliver lower cost inpatient psychiatric treatment in a residential setting. Dr. H. Richard Lamb, professor of psychiatry at USC, directs the program. Dr. Krulisky is also president of the medical staff at Edgemont Hospital. The Krulisky's are the parents of a baby girl, Kelly Joe, born August 25, 1981. They live at 3306 Haven Way, Burbank, Ca. 91504.0 Dr. Alan I. Leibowitz, M'70, is assistant dean for student affairs at the University of South Florida Medical College, Tampa. He is continuing his work in gastroenterology and his research in endotoxins and hepatic diseases that he started in Buffalo with Dr. James Nolan. Dr. Leibowitz lives at 15405 Timberline Drive, Tampa, Fl. 33624.0 Dr. Stanley Lewin, M'70, is practicing in Harrisburg, Pa. He is a cardiologist.O Dr. Bruce M. Prenner, M'70, is assistant clinical professor of medicine at the UCSD Medical School, LaJolla, California. Recently he presented clinical research data at international meetings in Switzerland and France. Dr. Prenner lives at 11702 Shadow Glen Rd., El Cajon, Ca. 92020.0 THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �Dr. Arthur M. Seigel, M'70, is assistant clinical professor of neurology and pediatrics at the Yale University Medical School.O Dr. Robert DiBianco, M'72, is assistant clinical professor of medicine at Georgetown University. The cardiologist is affiliated with the VA Medical Center, Washington, D.C., and the Washington Adventist Hospital, Takoma Park, Md. The DiBianco's have a new son, David Anthony, born December 5, 1981. Dr. Di Bianco was elected a Fellow, Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association in November. He is associated with three other cardiologists in part-time private practice. The DiBianco's live at 5319 28th St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20015. Recently Dr. DiBianco has co-authored three articles for scientific journals- "Bruit Alternans; Effects of Acebutolol on Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris; Comparison of Nadolol & Placebo in Stable Angina Pectoria."O Dr. Stephen W. Welk, M'72, has joined the Cleveland Hill Medical Group in family practice, after practicing eight years in rural northern Idaho. He lives at 9490 Keller Road, Clarence Center, N.Y. 14032.0 Dr. Louis W. Irmisch III, M'75, is a second year resident in internal medicine at Millard Fillmore Hospital.O Dr. Tone Johnson, M'75, is living in Cheyenne, Wyoming where he is in family practice.O Dr. Marshall A. Fogel, M'76, has recently finished two years with the Public Health Service Corps at the Frances Nelson Health Center in Champaign. He is now practicing with Christie Clinic in internal medicine, and also serves as head of clinical education for Mercy Hospital in Champaign, Illinois.O Dr. Helen Marie Findley, M'77, recently opened a new office in internal medicine in Orchard Park with her husband, Albert Schlisserman, M'77, who is an ophthalmologist.O Dr. Harvey R. Goldstein, M'77, has a twoyear fellowship in gastroenternology at the Scripps Clinic. He lives at 1066 N. Torrey Pines Boulevard, LaJolla, Ca. 92034.~ He is on the USC Medical School faculty.O SPRING, 1982 Dr. Gladys Wells Hegtley, M'77, is associated with Howard University where she is a medical officer in the Emergency Room. She also opened a private practice in September, 1981. She has two sons, Devin J. born in March, 1981 and Thomas W. born in January, 1979. They live at 210 Kendle Street, Upper Marlboro, Md. 20772.0 Dr. Albert Schlisserman, M'77, has returned from Richmond, Virginia where he has completed his training at the Medical College of Virginia. He has recently opened an office in West Seneca for the practice of ophthalmology.O Dr. Janice D. Williams, M'77, has completed her ob/gyn residency and will be working for the U.S. Public Health Service in Mt. Vernon, N.Y. the next three years.O Dr. Stephen E. Killian, M'78, completed his residency in family practice at the University of Virginia. He has joined a four-man group in Boiling Springs, North Carolina.O Dr. Salvatore A. DelPrete, M'78, recently completed his training in internal medicine. In July, 1981 he began a year of research on small cell carcinoma of the lung.'This is part of a 3-year Hematology-Oncology program at Dartmouth leading to board eligibility in both medical sub-specialties. Dr. DelPrete has been working in local ER's. He also teaches part of a course offered for emergency medical tasks (EMT's] in Vermont. He lives at RFD 2, White River Junction, Vermont 05001. The DelPrete's have a son, Michael, born in March, 1980.0 Dr. John R. Valvo, M'78, is chief resident in Urological Surgery at Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, New York. He presented two papers to the Northeastern Section of the American Urological Association held in Ottawa, Ontario entitled, "The Surgical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma Involving the Inferior Vena Cava" and "The Management of the Acute Scrotum in Children."D Dr. Robert Braco, M'79, is in a residency program at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.O 47 �In Memoriam Dr. Russell J. Van Coevering, M'49, died Jan. 12 in Mercy Hospital after a brief illness. The assistant clinical professor was immediate past president of the Buffalo Gynecologic and Obstetric Society. The 56year-old physician was on the staffs of Children's, Buffalo General and Mercy Hospitals. During the Korean conflict he was a Lieutenant Commander and Flight Surgeon in the United States Navy. He was a Fellow, American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and an active member of several other professional socieities. Among the survivors is a son, R.J. II, a 1977 Medical School graduate.O Dr. Stephen A. Graczyk, M'20, died January 23 in St. Joseph Intercommunity Hospital. The 86-year-old internist was a past president of the Erie County Medical Society and served two terms as president of both the Erie County Unit of the American Cancer Society and the Western New York Geriatrics Society. He retired in 1970. He was one of the founders of St. Joseph's Hospital and served as its first chief of staff. He was also a founder of St. Rita's Home for Children. Dr. Graczyk had private audiences with four of the last five Popes and Pope John XXIII named him a Knight of St. Gregory. The physician served both World Wars. He was a Lieutenant Colonel with the 23rd General Hospital for three and one-half years in Africa, Italy and France during WW II. He was assistant clinical professor of medicine at the Medical School and was on the faculty 37 years. For many years he also taught nurses in three Buffalo hospitals. The community leader was active in sports; served for 25 years as announcer on Father Justin's Rosary Hour on radio ; headed the 1924 fund drive for St. Francis High School in Athol Springs and was the first president of the fund-raising organization called Father Justin's Drivers. He was a past president of St. Luke's Guild of Catholic Physicians; the Medical Arts Society and the U/ B Medical Alumni Association. He served on the Medical Advisor Committee of Blue Cross for 27 years and on the Medical Advisory Committee of the Erie County Home and Infirmary and from 1962-68 he was medical director of the care of the aging for Catholic Charities. 48 Dr. Graczyk was a Fellow, American College of Physicians and American Geriatrics Society. He was an active member/participant in several state, regional , national and international professional societies.O Dr. Pincus Sherman, M'36, died January 27, 1981 in New Rochelle, New York.O Dr. Wilfred W. Fuge, 76, died December 6, 1981 in Boca Raton, Florida. The Buffalo surgeon was a member of the Medical School faculty for 33 years (1938-1971). He was on the staffs of Buffalo General and Children's Hospitals. He served in the U.S. Army Medical Corps from 1940 to 1946. He was a Diplomate, American College of Surgeons. When he retired he was a associate clinical professor of surgery. He was a native of Pennsylvania and received his medical degree from the University of Pennsylvanian Dr. Domenic S. Messina, M'35, died December 26, 1981, in Sisters Hospital after a brief illness. The 72-year-old physician had been in semi-retirement since 1975. He was a founding member and the first president of the Roswell Park Surgical Society to promote education and training in the treatment of cancer. This organization, probably the first of its kind, was the forerunner of the American Cancer Society. Dr. Messina served on the surgery staffs of Roswell Park, Deaconess, Children's and St. Joseph's Hospitals. During World War II he served with the Medical Corps in Africa and Europe. He had been active in several professional organizations.O Dr. Charles Frederick Althaus, M'46, died October 18 of cancer at his Los Altos Hills, California home. The 69-year-old physician was the former medical chief of El Camino Hospital in Mountain View, California. The Yonkers New York native served in the Army Medical Corps as a major and was in charge of an American Military Hospital in Turkey from 1949 to 1952. His illness brought him in contact with the Hospice program and he was a supporter of this organization. Dr. Althaus was a champion sailboat racer and won several Thistle Class competitions in California.O THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN �45th Annual Spring Clinical Day Saturday, May 8, 1982 Marriott Inn, Millersport Highway, near Maple Theme: "The Physician and Communications in Medicine." Stockton Kimball Memorial Luncheon Speaker: Dennis S. O'Leary, M.D., professor of medicine/pathology; dean for clinical affairs, the George Washington University Medical Center. He will talk about his participation as media interpreter for the medical team after the President Reagan assassination attempt. Dr. O 'Leary Exploration of the dynamics involved in communication between: 1) Physician and Healthy Public 2) Physician and Sick Patients 3) Physician and Other Physicians Nine class reunions: 1932, 1937, 1942, 1947, 1952, 1957, 1962, 1967,1972. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- III II I BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 2210 POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Buffalo Physician 139 Cary Hall 3435 Main Street Buffalo, New York 14214 BUFFALO, N .Y. NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES �THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO 3435 MAIN STREET, BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214 020003223400 BROWN ROBERT L. OR. 156 BRANTWOOD ROAD BUFFALO NY 14226 THE HAPPY MEDIUM Fill out this card; spread some happiness; spread some news; no postage needed. (Please print or type all entries.) 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Physician Magazine Description An account of the resource <em>The Buffalo Physician</em> (formerly the <em>Buffalo Medical Review</em>) was published quarterly by the State University at New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Office of Publications. The magazine informed its alumni, friends and community about the school’s pivotal role in medical education, research and advanced patient care in our region. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-HSL008 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine--Periodicals Medical colleges--New York (State)--Buffalo--Periodicals Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. School of Medicine Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Still Image Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo physician, Spring 1982 Subject The topic of the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. 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Dean Naughton's Message Nine Class Reunions, May 8 Dr. Chassin's Message Palliative Care Unit The 1985 Class Advisor's Luncheon Frosh Picnic Continuing Medical Education/Dr. Donahue Eight Faculty Retire Dr. Hayes' Health Center BRSG Grants Sexually-transmissible Diseases Construction/Mrs. Kimball Dr. Hess Dr. Rosner Gift Athletic Day Dr. Fisher Biochemistry Symposium A Summer Head Start Dr. Daniels Erie County Interns, Residents New Treatment Delays Births The Bat A New President Pediatric Continuing Education People The Classes In Memorial Spring Clinical Day, May 8 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Buffalo medical review Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-02 Is Version Of A related resource of which the described resource is a version, edition, or adaptation. Changes in version imply substantive changes in content rather than differences in format. v16n01 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 52 p. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. New York (State) -- Buffalo Is Format Of A related resource that is substantially the same as the described resource, but in another format. Journals and magazines (periodicals) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Buffalo Physician Magazine LIB-HSL008 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Copyright 1982 University at Buffalo, State University of New York Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/2fc3e3d2e4d1994d858603a1ae6fb05a.pdf e3cf2608bf0cdc29d2480a4f2b9d0be8 PDF Text Text James B. Parker Revisited Daryl Rasuli Souls that are not at peace often bring turmoil to the living. For the last year, the spirit of one James B. Parker has possessed me. It happened easy enough. One day, a friend of mine mentioned he had read that an African American knocked the assassin of President McKinley down to the ground after he shot the president twice at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo in 1901. I was intrigued that this fact was unknown to me and so many other people in Buffalo. So, after a cursory review on the Internet, I found it was true. Now, this is where the spirit part came in. It seemed that I could not rest once I knew that James B. Parker did exist. Plus, with the celebration of the centennial of the Pan American Exposition at hand, there was more incentive to do the research and to bring Parker's story to the forefront. The search led me to a greater understanding of a period of history that, generally, I have over looked. The time was between two great James Benjamin Parker1 wars, the Civil War that ended in 1865 and 1914 the beginning of World War I. A time no more than 50 years in length, but for African Americans very critical years. During this short span of time, two of the most dynamic African American leaders Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois each on opposite sides of the political spectrum emerged. It was not a joyful period for African Americans between 1890 and 1910, as 2600 Black men were lynched. In 1898, Ida B. Wells led a delegation to President William McKinley to protest lynching. In 1901, Congressman George White would be the last African American to serve in congress until 1928. African Americans would see legal segregation come into full force. Imagine struggling with the forces that African Americans found in this environment at the turn of the century. These forces were all brought to bear on James Parker as he stood in line to shake President McKinley's hand. Why did he want to in the first place? He was a waiter working at the exposition, not a spectator, slowly viewing the exhibits and reveling in the wonders of the exposition. There was Parker, standing in line waiting to shake the hand of the president of the United States when all hell broke loose. The tragic event quickly unfolded, according to a Secret Service Agent's story in a Buffalo newspaper article. He said, �"[I was watching] this man who appeared to be an Italian, who had a short cropped heavy black moustache, he was persistent and it was necessary for me to push him along so that the others could reach the President." "Just as he released the President's hand, and as the President was reaching for the hand of the assassin, there were two quick shots. Startled for a moment, I looked and saw the President draw his right hand under his coat straighten up and, pressing his lips together, giving Leon Czolgosz the most scornful and contemptuously look possible to imagine." "At the same time I reached for the young man and caught his left arm. The big Negro standing in back of him and would have been next to take the presidents hand struck the assassin in the neck with one hand and with the other reached for the revolver which had been discharged through the handkerchief and the shots had set fire to the linen." "Immediately a dozen men fell upon the assassin and was borne on the floor. While on the floor Czolgosz again tried to discharge the revolver but before he got to the president the Negro knocked it from his hand. As it went across the floor, one of the artillerymen picked it up and put it in his pocket." By all witnesses, James B. Parker was a big man. He was often described as being about 6 ft. 6 inches tall and weighing 250 pounds. In a Buffalo Times Sept. 12 article, he is described as a plain, modest, gentlemanly person. In 1901, he was 44 years old born on July 31, 1857 in Atlanta, Georgia. Educated in Atlanta schools, he also traveled as far north as Philadelphia, but returned south to live in Savanna. According to the Atlanta Constitution, he was well known in Savannah and at one time was a Constable for a Negro magistrate. The article also said he had the reputation of never returning an unserved warrant. The citizens of the East Side of Savannah also knew that he was man of few words and a command to submit to arrest was always quietly obeyed. He traveled to Chicago and worked as waiter in the Pullman Car organization. He returned to Atlanta in 1895 but for the last five years lived in the north. Prior to coming to Buffalo, he was in Saratoga, New York and came to Buffalo only days before the assassination to work at the Exposition for the Bailey Catering Company. He took that job until a position opened as a "traveling agent" for the Gazetteer and Guide; a magazine for African Americans published in Buffalo by James Ross. At one time he had been a newspaperman working for the Southern Recorder. Another witness in an article written later in the Los Angeles Times by George Reasons and Sam Patrick saw the incident a little differently: "A gigantic negro waiter from the Plaza had been standing behind Czolgosz awaiting an opportunity in joyous expectation to shake the president's hand. He stood there, 6 feet 4 inches tall with 250 pounds of muscular enthusiasm, grinning happily until he heard the pistol shoot. With one quick shift of his clenched fist, he knocked the pistol from the assassin's hand. With another, he spun the man around like a top and with a third, he broke Czolgosz's nose. A fourth split the assassin's lip and knocked out several teeth." In the Sunday 8, 1901 Atlanta Constitution in article entitled "Staggering From Bullet He Was Calm" with a sub-head reading, "Story of the Shooting Told By Eyewitness", reported the statement of the eyewitness, "I saw the flash followed by the report and then heard the second shot. Instantly, James Parker, the colored man and Secret Service Agent Foster were upon Czolgosz and they bore him to the floor." �Another in the Buffalo Times September 10, 1901, report came from two Syracuse women, Mollie A. Jacquin and Miss Elizabeth Mahley tell of the shooting this way: "The first man to take hold of Czolgosz was the Negro Parker. He pushed his way through the crown and struck the man several times. The Negro seemed infuriated and I believe he would have killed Czolgosz it he would not have been taken away." Parker's own remembrance of the event as told to a reporter from the Times began: "I heard the shots. I did what every citizen of this country should have done. I am told that I broke his nose—I wish it had been his neck. I am sorry I did not see him four seconds before. I don's say that I would have thrown myself before the bullets. But I do say that the life of the head of this country is worth more than that of an ordinary citizen and I should have caught the bullets in my body rather than the President should get them. I can't tell you what I would have done and I don't like to have it understood that I want to talk of the matter. I tried to do my duty. That's all any man can do." Parker said, "I went to the Temple of Music to hear what speeches might be made. I got in line and saw the President. I turned to go away as soon as I learned that there was to be only a handshaking. The crowd was so thick that I could not leave. I was startled by the shots. My fist shot out and I hit the man on the nose and fell upon him, grasping him about the throat. I believe that if he had not been suffering pain he would have shot again. I know that his revolver was close to my head. I did not think about that then though. Then came Mr. Foster, Mr. Ireland and Mr. Gallagher. There was that marine, too. I struck the man, threw up his arm and then went for his throat. It all happened so quickly I can hardly say what happen, except that the secret service man came right up. Czolgosz is very strong. I am glad that I am a strong man also or perhaps the result might not have been what it was." "I am a Negro, and am glad that the Ethiopian race has what ever credit comes with what I did. If I did anything, the colored people should get the credit." After the Assassination There is no newspaper record of what Parker did immediately following the shooting. But according to a September 10, 1901, news article, Parker appeared in the Pan American Exposition Mall, near the west gate, after the incident. A group of people surrounded him and he was asked to sell pieces of his waistcoat and other clothing. He recounted the story of the assassination and sold one button off his coat for $1.00. In the time between the shooting and McKinley's death, Parker had numerous offers to work on the Midway at the Exposition recounting his participation. One company wanted to sell his photograph, but he refused. In a quote in the Buffalo Commercial, dated Sept. 13, 1901, Parker said, "I happened to be in a position where I could aid in the capture of the man. I do not think that the American people would like me to make capital out of the unfortunate circumstances. I am no freak anyway. I do not want to be exhibited in all kinds of shows. I am glad that I was able to be of service to the country." �Meanwhile, a Buffalo Enquirer article on September 10, recounted Detective Foster's report to the Secret Service headquarters in Washington stating that, " A Negro hit his [Czolgosz's] arm up": thereby, missing his third shot at the president. News of the part Parker played in this national drama quickly spread. The Atlanta Constitution had a story in the September 10, edition with the headline " Testimonial to Jim Parker." The article related how the Negros of Savannah were planning to set up some type substantial testimonial for James Parker. The Constitution said that he was well known in the city but he had not been there for several years. On September 13 in the same newspaper an article entitled "Negros Applaud Parker" with the sub-heading "Mass Meeting in Charleston Hears Booker Washington." On September 12, to a mass meeting of 5,000 African Americans, Booker T. Washington delivered an address and resolution denouncing the reckless deed of the "red handed anarchist" and rejoicing that a southern Negro "had saved the President McKinley from death." According to the Buffalo Courier, the Buffalo Club had requested that Parker speak there and the "Order of Don't Knock" considered admitting him to the group because of his brave actions with regard to the shooting of President McKinley. In Syracuse a benefit was given in his honor at Grand Opera House with standing room only crowds. President McKinley died on September 14, at approximately 8 o'clock that night. His last words were reported to be "Good bye all; goodbye. It's God's way. His will be done." On September 15, Parker was one of the thousands of people who paid their respects when the President's casket was displayed at the Buffalo City Hall. It was said that he simply bowed his head and walked on. The Trial Prior to the trial, which began September 23, 1901, Parker was considered a major character in the assassination. However, trial itself clouded Parker's participation in the events of September 6, 1901. Not only was Parker not asked to testify, but those who did testify never identified Parker as the person who took the assassin down. While he had quickly became a hero to the American people, Parker's stature unraveled just as quickly. In a September 13, article about Parker in the Buffalo Express, Mr. James Quackenbush, an attorney, stated that he had been standing six feet from the President. He said that he was looking to the right of President at the time the first shot was fired and looked to Czolgosz at the sound of the second shot. Quackenbush stated that he saw Mr. Gallagher, Mr. Ireland (both Secret Service men), Private O' Brian and the other men from the 73rd Seacoast Artillery, lunge forward toward Czolgosz who then went down. He also stated that he saw no one else seize upon Czoglosz except the Secret Service men and the artillerymen. At the trail, Mr. Foster, the same Secret Service Agent who had earlier stated to have written a report that included the participation of a Negro in the capture of Czoglosz, denied that any Negro had been part of that capture. �During cross-examination by Mr. Titus he was asked," Did you see this colored man?" Foster: "What colored man?" Titus: "Parker?" Foster: "I noticed a colored man in the line, but it seems to me he was in front of this man." Titus: "Instead of behind him?" Foster: "Instead of behind him. I never saw no colored man in the whole fracas." John Branch, an African American porter in the Temple of Music and eyewitness to the shooting according to the record, did testify. He wasn't asked, if he saw any person of color in the event, but in the same vein, he did not mention there Both the Buffalo Courier and the Commercial newspapers, responded in an indirect fashion to the controversy by stating that the evidence brought out at the trial proved that Parker had nothing to with the capture of Czolgosz. In addition, they accused Parker lecturing and receiving money for the "Parker Fund" under false pretenses. The African American community was outraged because of Parker not testifying at the trial. It appeared to many that the Secret Service and the military were embarrassed that this man essentially brought the assassin down instead of them. Parker was asked to comment about not testifying. He said, " I don't say it was done with any intent to defraud, but it looks mighty funny, that's all." The African American community held a ceremony to honor James Parker for his part in capturing Czolgosz and to inquire as to why Parker was not recognized as a participant in the assassin's arrest. The gathering was held at the Vine Street African Methodist Church on September 27, 1901. The church was packed and the general feeling, according to the Buffalo News, was that the audience was incensed that no credit or recognition was given to Parker. The meeting was called to order by the Reverend E. A. Johnson, pastor of the church. Former pastor Reverend J. C. Aylmer led a hymn and gave a prayer. The discussion that followed resulted in the formation of a committee to inquire into the merits of Parker's case. The committee members were Rev. J. E. Nash, pastor of Michigan Baptist Church, Rev. J. C. Ayler, M. H. Lucas, W. Q. H. Aikens and J. W. Peterson. While the committee went into private discussion, Parker's fellow named Shaw delivered a short testimonial on Parker. He said, "When I first entered this hall, it was my intention to go quietly way back and sit down…. Yesterday…. I … feel the inspiration of defense arise within me. The evident attempt to discredit Parker is a sign of conspiracy and should we fail to emphatically resent it, I claim we are a disgrace to our race. " When Jim Parker entered the hall, he refused all demands to make a speech and sat down amidst cheers. The committee entered and read their position on the matter. "Whereas, there is a conflict of statements between the Associated Press and the Supreme Court of New York with respect or disrespect to the heroic act of James Parker in having thwarted the purpose of Leon Czolgosz in inflicting immediate death of our William McKinley. Whereas, we, the colored citizens of the City of Buffalo, N.Y. in this mass meeting assembled, that they very much regret the clash of statement in respect to the reported act of heroism on the part of James Parker, in that the Associated Press as a molder of public sentiment and as a herald of accepted facts…. Reported said heroic act both �in America and Europe, and that the Supreme Court, the arbiter of justice …. Entirely eliminated said James B. Parker from the part he is reported by the press to have played in this tragedy." Information about James Parker's life after the trial has not been forthcoming. My goal in this endeavor was to somehow connect Parker to the present. I was hoping to find the lead that would allow me to trace his family to the present. Perhaps, I can still accomplish this if his story makes people more aware of his importance or non importance in American history. Despite this search, the "truth" is still not clear. In conclusion, this little history of the stereotypical "invisible man" has reinforced my opinion that the "victorious" write history. While it is important for Black and White Americans to know that an African American had played such a brief but pivotal role in history of this country, that importance may be attributed to different reasons. For African Americans, Parker's story illustrates that African Americans were active participants in the events of United States history, despite America's reluctance to declare that fact. For white America, Parker's actions and the subsequent erasure or exposure of his deeds or misdeeds show how truth can be manipulated. The spirit of James B. Parker still visits me because my job is only partly finished. Hopefully, the future will reveal more about this man and the actions of September 6, 1901 and beyond. Then perhaps, his spirit can rest. Note 1. This photograph of James Parker appeared in the Buffalo Times, September 15, 1901, with the following caption: "James Benjamin Parker, The Negro Who Struck Down Leon Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley, and Thus Became Famous in a Single Day." W. Cotter, photographer. © 2001 Daryl Rasuli � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource James B. Parker Revisited Description An account of the resource James B. Parker's role in the immediate aftermath of the William McKinley's assassination. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rasuli, Daryl Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rasuli, Daryl Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context james-b-parker-revisited Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo ParkerJames B.1857-1907 McKinleyWilliam1843-1901--Assassination CzolgoszLeon F.1873-1901 Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f4b77fa7fd3f52da977f1b95a68daa79.pdf c6f6ce22ea45bc751529a9a8a42261bb PDF Text Text Introduction: Niagara Falls and Electricity Jack Foran Ironies abound. The theme image of the Pan-American Exposition was light-specifically, electrical light--referring to Buffalo's proximity to Niagara Falls, and consequent potential to exploit the almost limitless electrical energy of the Falls. The first-time-ever large-scale development of this new energy type had occurred at the Falls five years prior to the Pan-Am. But the development of electricity at Niagara Falls was about electricity for industrial power, not light. Electricity for light was already in wide-scale use at the time. The Edison Company had the corner on market. Edison supplied most of the electrical lighting in use at the time, and held the key patents that applied to electrical lighting production and manufactures. To justify the huge and extremely costly project of harnessing the natural wonder of Niagara Falls for electricity required, first of all, identifying a market for the vast amount of electrical power that would be produced. The market was to be Buffalo industry. But then there needed to be a method to transmit the power from the Falls to Buffalo, a distance of 25 miles. This required development of alternating current The Electric Tower Illuminated. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo 1901. Buffalo, N.Y.: Canisius College Press. From the collection of the Buffallo History Museum (AC). It was impossible to transmit direct current (DC), the form of electricity then mostly in use, more than about a mile. Edison's lighting industry used DC, which was supplied from numerous "central stations," each serving about a one-square mile area. The development of the AC system was the work of the genius Nicola Tesla, working for George Westinghouse, Edison's great rival in the electrical industry. Tesla had previously worked for Edison, who found him an extremely useful hire. In New York City, he bailed Edison out of one engineering difficulty after another. But Edison had no interest in Tesla's life-long real interest--AC--and provided little encouragement or incentive for Tesla to work on this pet project. (Nor, for that matter, did the Wizard of Menlo Park see much potential for the use of electricity for industrial power. Power for industry was and would always be adequately supplied, Edison must have thought, by the still fairly new technology of the steam engine.) Portrait of Nicola Tesla. Photo Credit: undetermined. Source: T. Commerford Martin and Stephen Leidy Coles, eds. The Story of Electricity. New York: The Story of Electricity Company, 1919? Tesla didn't invent AC electricity or the transformer--the theoretically simple device that could boost the voltage of AC, making it economical for transmission (by Ohm's law, E = IR, according to which raising the voltage, E, reduces, relatively, amperage, I, and resistance, R, which is where losses occur). Tesla's great �contribution was the development of the AC motor, completing the loop, making AC electricity a feasible industrial commodity. The final irony was on the order of the "build it and they will come" thesis of the baseball movie. They harnessed the falls and immediately major industries--most notably the fledgling Pittsburgh Reduction Company, which later became Aluminum Company of America, then a number of chemical companies--moved to Niagara Falls to buy and use the power. It wasn't for several years, after expansion of the original generating capacity, that they began selling substantial amounts of electricity to the Buffalo market. Chemical companies and other industries occupying the lands of the Niagara Falls Power Company. This map shows the area upriver of the actual falls. © 2001 Text - Jack Foran (Note: Images and captions added by web site editor--ed.) Jack Foran is a freelance writer and editor in Buffalo. He was formerly a technical writer and editor for several area environmental consultant firms, and a reporter with several newspapers. He is currently working on a book on Western New York decisive historical moments. For more information on the development of electrical power systems at Niagara Falls, please link to Jack Foran's "The Day They Turned The Falls On : The Invention Of The Universal Electrical Power Systems" � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Introduction: Niagara Falls and electricity Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Electricity--History Electric power--New York (State)--Niagara Falls--History Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Description An account of the resource A brief history of Niagara Falls and electricity at the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Foran, Jack Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Foran, Jack Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context introduction-niagara-falls-and-electricity Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/5ca0f71550ced7a98ac9ba9867531efb.pdf dd51f8b9ecf19819a14fe8f434407ef1 PDF Text Text C. D. Arnold, Photographer of the Pan-American Exposition John M. Bewley Residents of a later age, we have in Arnold's pictures the means to reconstruct the dreams of a previous era, one that is both alien and familiar to us. 1 Charles Dudley Arnold was 56 years of age when he was selected to be the official photographer for the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. By that time in his career Arnold had accumulated more than 20 years as a professional photographer specializing in images of architecture. He had published two books of architectural photographs and won the favorable attention and praise of architects who were coming to rely upon such work for their studies. Arnold also served as the official photographer for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, documenting the project from the initiation of its construction in 1891. The first exposure many people have to the sights of both the Columbian and Pan-American Expositions comes through the images of C. D. Arnold. Arnold was born in Port Stanley, Ontario March 19, 1844 and moved to Buffalo, New York by the time he was twenty. He was first introduced to photography while working as a traveling salesman when a colleague Charles D. Arnold. "Official Photographer of the Pan-American Exposition". Photo credit: Gilbert, New York. Source: The [Buffalo] Illustrated Express, August 1899. demonstrated a new camera to him. By the 1880s Arnold had taken up photography professionally and had already chosen to specialize in architectural photography. He left for Europe where he traveled the countrysides of England and France with a dog and a cart, taking photographs of local structures. These images provided a unique source of study for architects in Europe and the United States. Arnold returned to Buffalo after his work abroad. He maintained a residence in the city until his death in 1927. C. D. Arnold's first book of photographs, Studies in Architecture at Home and Abroad, was published in New York in 1888. His work was well received. During the years 1885-1891 Arnold worked in New York City where he was listed as a photographer in city directories. The success of his work resulted in a contract to become the official �photographer for the Columbian Exposition in Chicago. He relocated to Chicago in 1891 and began work documenting the construction of the Exposition that same year. Examples of this phase of Arnold's work can be seen in Peter B. Hales' insightful book, Constructing the Fair: Platinum Photographs by C. D. Arnold of the World's Columbian Exposition (Chicago, Ill.: Art Institute of Chicago, 1993.) Hales points out the significance that Arnold's images had, not only for documenting the Exposition's beginnings, but also, through the extraordinarily wide distribution of Arnold's images in many formats, in successfully propagating the ideals embodied by the Exposition. Acting as a documentary photographer, Arnold hid most traces of his own artistic persona from the images he shot. His documentary images become historical artifacts rather than a photographer's personal, artistic statement. Peter B. Hales writes of this aspect of Arnold's work, saying: In reproduced form ... Arnold's name seemed less important than the fact that the pictures were official presentations of the official elite. In fact, the more successful the pictures were, the more they seemed to exist on their own, witnesses to grandeur, sublimity, and civility, rather than active creations of it. Their very success lay in Arnold's ability to make them seem mute, even transparent windows onto the real objects of culture: buildings, spaces, landscapes, utopias. 2 Due to conflict with the board of the Columbian Exposition, Arnold was replaced as official photographer before the concluding images of the Exposition were shot. William Henry Jackson, a successful landscape photographer, was hired to make the final photographs that would constitute the official visual history of the Exposition. Even without these final photographs, Daniel H. Burnham, Director of Works of the Exposition, reported that Arnold and his crew of assistants had made approximately 15,000 negatives of the Exposition C. D. Arnold continued his work as architectural photographer through the remainder of the 1890s, producing another book of photographs in 1896, Country Architecture in France and England XV. And XVI. Centuries (from negatives by C. D. Arnold, H. D. Higinbotham and E. A. Stewardson. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1896). Many of the images of French sites were later reproduced in 1924 in French Farm Houses, Small Chateaux and Country Churches in France (by Antonio Di Nardo, with a preface by Paul P. Crét, photographs by C. D. Arnold and A. Di Nardo. Cleveland, Ohio: J. H. Jansen, 1924). The examples from this period demonstrate the quality of Arnold's work "The Chancel, Lockington Church, Leicestershire". Source: Country Architecture in France and England XV. And XVI. Centuries (from negatives by C. D. Arnold, H. D. Higinbotham and E. A. Stewardson. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1896). Photo credit: C.D. and the nature of his architectural photographs outside the realm of exposition documentation. They can still be said to be documentary in nature, but they also clearly impart more of Arnold's artistic personality than the Exposition photographs. This is especially notable in his use of local people in many of the images. �Much of what Peter B. Hales writes about Arnold's work and its role in spreading the message of the Columbian Exposition applies equally well to Arnold's work in Buffalo. Arnold's work at the Pan-American Exposition, as it did at the Columbian Exposition, included having a concessionaire's license. He had a studio on the Exposition grounds from which he sold souvenir copies of his images. C. D. Arnold's studio at the Pan-American Exposition The range of Arnold's work is impressive. He shot everything from the beginning to the end of the Exposition, including preparation of the grounds, construction, sculpture studios as work was being prepared, finished sculpture before and after it was installed, and interiors and exteriors of finished buildings. Of course, one of the most important elements of the Pan-American Exposition was its use of lighting to illuminate the grounds at night. These images must have presented Arnold with several technological challenges, but they are stunning for their clarity. Several of the images Arnold shot of the Pan-American Exposition have become icons: the Electric Tower, the Temple of Music, the Ethnology Building. But there are other, less well-known shots, that are equally impressive and show slightly different sides of Arnold's talent. "The Electric Tower". Photo credit: C.D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan­ American Exposition Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p.3. �Portraits are rare among the most commonly distributed images of Arnold's work, but he chose to include his portrait of Chief Little Wound in his collection, The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated. It is a striking and serious portrait that grants a level of respect to a Native American not necessarily demonstrated elsewhere in the Exposition. A colonnade connecting the Machinery Building and the Temple of Music and a scene in the garden of Fair Japan provided Arnold more opportunities to display his talent for composition. Garden Scene in "Fair Japan". Photo credit: C.D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p.102. Colonnade. Connecting the Machinery Building and the Temple of Music. Photo credit: C.D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p.31. �Many of Arnold's photographs of the Exposition contain such a high degree of detail that it is only possible to see all of it once the image has been enlarged. Scanning the images enables us to reveal much of this detail, sometimes with unexpected results. The following images demonstrate the rewards gained from examining enlargements of the images. Each image contains details that have been linked to a related enlargement; click on these "hot spots" (found by passing the cursor over the image until the cursor becomes a hand) to see the enlargements. Interior of the Horticulture Building. Photo credit: C.D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p.5. Arnold's photograph of the interior of the Horticulture Building contains many details easily missed by the casual observer: the "Hands Off" sign on the fruit stand to the right, the security guard to the rear of the image, and the sculpture that is suspended high among the ferns are three that are notable. �Interior of the Electricity Building. Photo credit: C.D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p.39. The photograph of the interior of the Electricity Building also contains interesting details: the displays themselves, the man seated at the controls to the left, the signs of the exhibits, like that for a "Chloride Accumulator", and the "ghost" figures that appear due to the amount of time the lens had to be open to capture the image in the interior lighting. Construction of the Midway Entrances. Photo credit: C.D. Arnold. Source: Thomas E. Leary and Elizabeth C. Sholes. Buffalo's Pan­ American Exposition. Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, 1998. p.23. Image from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie Country Historical Society. A third example can be seen in the photograph Arnold took during the construction of the Midway entrances. It is possible to see how the staff sheathing was being applied to the columns. More memorable is the figure at the left of the group of workers. Unless mistaken, he is thumbing his nose at the camera. �The entire contents of C. D. Arnold's book, The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated (Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901) have been digitized and are available for online viewing. The individual images vary in size, but most have a file size around 150K. References: • 1. Hales, Peter B. Constructing the Fair: Platinum Photographs by C. D. Arnold of the World's Columbian Exposition. Chicago, Ill.: Art Institute of Chicago, 1993. p. 48. • 2. Ibid., p. 40. A chronology and more details about the life of C. D. Arnold are available at the Web site, Charles Dudley Arnold, Photographer, 1844-1927: Official Photographer Chicago Columbian Exposition, Pan-American Expositon © 2001 John M. Bewley John M. Bewley is a music librarian and the music archivist at the University at Buffalo, The State Univeristy of New York. He is also the curator of the Music and Musicians at the Pan-American Exposition section of this online exhibit. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource C. D. Arnold, Photographer of the Pan-American Exposition Description An account of the resource Examination of C. D. Arnold, Photographer of the Pan-American Exposition of 1901. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bewley, John M. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bewley, John M. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context c-d-arnold-photographer-of-the-pan-american-exposition Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Photographers--New York (State)--Buffalo Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Buffalo (N.Y.)--Description and travel--Views ArnoldC. D. (Charles Dudley)1844-1927 Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f3f7761e03a945f90a09f36b3d2789cd.pdf 4729bf80586886d5fad62c992c80b1f4 PDF Text Text Buffalo Architecture at the Time of the Pan-American Exposition Jack Quinan The genius of Buffalo's architecture began with the plan that Joseph Ellicott created in 1804 [Fig. 1] for the Holland Land Company, a radial configuration that began at Niagara Square and fanned out eastward in a perfect metaphor for the city's eventual identity as a center for the trans-shipment and processing of goods-especially grain, lumber, beef, and ore- from the western United States to eastern markets. Aided by the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 and subsequently by dense railroad lines, Buffalo quickly grew from a village into a city of nearly 400,000 inhabitants. As new businesses swelled the population, industry expanded south and eastward, often following waterways like the Buffalo and Niagara rivers, while neighborhoods moved largely northward. In 1868 William Dorsheimer, a Buffalo-based Lieutenant Governor of New York, persuaded community leaders to bring Frederick Law Olmsted to create a park system for the city. Broadly conceived, Olmsted's parks [Fig. 2] describe an arc that perfectly accommodated the new radial trolley systems and the Belt-Line railroad that would bring the population to and beyond the outer edges of the city. This was the framework into which the architecture of Buffalo would be accommodated. What was Buffalo like in the years immediately preceding the Pan American Exposition? Vintage photographs [Fig. 3] remind us that downtown was dense and bustling, the center of everything in the Fig. 1. "Ellicott's Plan for Buffalo, 1804" Source: Francis Kowsky. The Best Planned City The Olmsted Legacy in Buffalo. Buffalo, N.Y., 1992, Fig. 2. days before the automobile. Among the hundreds of buildings comprising Buffalo's downtown circa 1900, those forming Shelton Square [Fig. 4a, Shelton Square] were especially distinguished. St. Paul's Episcopal Cathedral (1849-51, 1870-71) by Richard Upjohn, Americas's prominent Gothic Revivalist, stands immediately across Pearl Street from Louis Sullivan's Guaranty Building (1895-1896) [Fig. 4b] a masterpiece of Chicago School rationalism, while George Post's Erie Savings Bank (1893-5), a clever variation on H. H. Richardson's Romanesque, occupied the site subsequently given over to the unfortunate Main Place Mall and tower. With the demolition of Post's bank an outstanding Nineteenth century enclave was lost. Less than 200 feet �east of St. Paul's, just across Main Street, stands Daniel Burnham's Ellicott Square Building (1895-6) [Fig. 5], then famous as the world's largest office building and still noteworthy for its interior light court and busy Mannerist surfaces. Three blocks north on Main street stood Leopold Eidlitz's Buffalo Public Library [Fig. 6] whose angular medieval design defeated a competing design by the renowned H. H. Richardson. That all of these architects were from Boston, New York, and Chicago is a testament to the vision of Buffalo's Nineteenth century patrons. Fig. 2. "Frederick Law Olmsted's Park System for Buffalo" Image Source: Francis Kowsky. The Best Planned City The Olmsted Legacy in Buffalo, (Buffalo, N.Y., 1992, Fig.7. Fig. 4. Shelton Square: (above left to right) St. Paul's Episcopal Cathedral, Sullivan's Guaranty Building and Post's Erie Savings Bank. Louis Sullivan's Guaranty Building (right). �"Daniel Burnham, Ellicott Square Building, 1895-6" Image source: Views of Buffalo [no pagination] Fig. 6. "Leopold Eidlitz, Buffalo Public Library" Image source: Quinan post card, "Buffalo Public Library, Buffalo, N.Y." �Fig. 8. Green & Wicks, Buffalo (Erie) Savings Bank Figure 15. Albright Art Museum, designed by E. B. Green. �Downtown Buffalo was ultimately the creation of scores of architects but among them, Edward B. Green and his partner, William Wicks, dominated local practice for more than fifty years and had a decisive impact upon the character of the city. At the time of the Pan American Exposition they had completed the Merchant's Exchange (c1887), the Granger Block (c1887), the D. S. Morgan Building (1894), the O'Day and Rockefeller Building (1890), the Hollister and Evans Block (1890­ 91), the J. N. Adams Dry Goods Store (1891), the Dun Building (1894-5) [Fig. 7], the Market Arcade (1892), the Bank of C Commerce (1894-5), the Buffalo Real Estate Exchange Building (1895-6) and the Buffalo Savings Bank (1900-1) [Fig. 8]. Most of these were sturdy, confident Classical buildings often rendered in warm Roman brick with richly articulated terra cotta details, though Green was equally adept in Gothic, Tudor, and eventually Art Deco design modes. Fig. 7. (left) Dun Building, one of several buildings by Wicks & Green. �The industrial Buffalo extolled by Reyner Banham in A Concrete Atlantis (Cambridge, Mass., 1986) is a city of monolithic concrete grain elevators and reinforced concrete-framed "daylight factories" that post-date the Pan American Exposition. In contrast to the smooth curves of the concrete grain silos of the Twentieth century, their predecessors [Fig. 9] were dark, angular and ungainly in proportion, and somewhat frail owing to their metal frames and highmaintenance brick construction. The lone survivor of the Fig. 10. "Max Toltz with D. A. Robinson, Pillsbury or Great Northern Grain Elevator, 1898" Source: Quinan post card type is the Pillsbury or "Great Northern" elevator [Fig. 10] of 1898. In the days before reinforced concrete industrial construction in Buffalo was dominated by the R. J. Reidpath company, architectural engineers whose Fig. 9. Nineteenth Century grain elevators in Buffalo segmentally arched windows, bull-nosed brick detailing, economical wall construction and overall fine sense of proportion is still visible in the Larkin industrial buildings on Seneca Street. Sadly, the artifacts of Industrial Buffalo are disappearing at an astonishing rate and must be ferreted out in isolated pockets such as Chandler Street where the Buffalo Weaving and Belting Company still operates. Residential Buffalo developed in a series of rings determined by the advances in transportation systems across the Nineteenth century. Joseph Ellicott's city was modest in size and was negotiated on foot, horseback, or horse-drawn carriage. By mid-century, however, horse drawn trolleys expanded the perimeter of the city by about two miles and promoted the development of the neighborhoods north and east of "H. H. Richardson, William Dorsheimer House, 1869-71" Source: Quinan slide Allentown and in South Buffalo. In the 1880s the development of the Belt-Line Railroad and the electrification of trolleys in the 1890s spurred new suburban neighborhoods four and five miles from the city center. Throughout the century Delaware Avenue, one of Ellicott's original streets, remained a Fig. 12. "McKim, Mead & White, Pratt Mansion, 1895-6" Source: Quinan slide �street of imposing mansions, some designed by such distinguished practitioners as Boston-based H. H. Richardson (the Dorsheimer [Fig. 11] and Gratwick houses), New York City's McKim, Mead and White (the Butler, Pratt [Fig. 12], Root and Metcalfe houses), and Joseph Lyman Silsbee of Chicago (the J.M. Bemis House [Fig. 13] and numerous other houses on Linwood and Delaware Avenues) while most fell to such distinguished local architects as Green and Wicks, Edward Kent, George Cary, C.W. Swan, and C.R. Percival. Richardson's William H. Gratwick Mansion, demolished in 1919, was a stunning essay in monumental stonework wherein medieval forms are disciplined by functional considerations. McKim, Mead and White's work is representative of their embrace of Beaux-Arts Classicism tempered by a loyalty to the American Colonial style. Silsbee was a passionate devotee of the Queen Anne revival in which complex but sensibly organized forms were arrayed in a rich surface of cut shingles, carved accents, and decorative glazing. Frank Lloyd Wright said of Silsbee, his first employer, that "he drew like a dream." "Jospeh Lyman Silsbee, J. M. Bemis Mansion, 1883" Image source: Quinan slide Buffalo has a wealth of Victorian domestic architecture but the greatest portion of the fabric of the city consists of a standard plan two story, two-family wood frame and gable roofed structure [Fig. 14] inserted into the new, trolley-serviced neighborhoods, especially north of the downtown area, by developers. The Parkside neighborhood is hardly typical as it was designed by Olmsted with curving streets to wrap the northeast segment of Delaware Park, but while Jewett Avenue was treated as a gateway from Main street to the Park and features many substantial houses, the lesser streets, such as Russell, are populated with the standard developers' housing. Fig. 14. Standard plan, 2 family wood frame home �The Pan American Exposition stimulated the development of the Olmsted boulevards that led from E. B. Green's First Presbyterian Church at Symphony Circle along Richmond Avenue to Bidwell and Lincoln Parkways and into the park itself. Here a second wave of ealthy patrons built pretentious homes to the designs of local architects, a sign, perhaps, that fortunes were leveling and visions were dimming. Nevertheless, as George Cary and E. B. Green designed the New York State Building (now the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society) and Fig. 16. "Richardson, Buffalo State Hospital, 1870-96" Image source: Quinan slide the Albright Art Museum [Fig. 15], respectively, in concert with the Fair, the city's cultural institutions were clearly leaving the old downtown and moving to the Olmsted-defined fringe, a region in which the far-sighted William Dorsheimer had assisted H. H. Richardson in obtaining the commission for the State Mental Hospital 16b], with landscape by Olmsted, in 1870. Ellicott's Buffalo, Industrial Buffalo, Victorian Buffalo, Classical Buffalo, Olmsted's Buffalo, ethnic Buffalo, Downtown Buffalo; the city is the usual synthesis of the ideas and visions and creativity of many minds over time, but its uniqueness lies in the quality of the work up to 1900 and its exceptional rate of survival. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS • Fig. 1. Ellicott's Plan for Buffalo, 1804 (image from Francis Kowsky The Best Planned City The Olmsted Legacy in Buffalo, (Buffalo, N.Y., 1992, Fig. 2) • Fig. 2. Frederick Law Olmsted's Park System for Buffalo (Kowsky, Fig. 7.) • Fig. 3. Vintage Photograph of Downtown in the 1890s (source?) • Fig. 4a. Shelton Square (Richard Upjohn, St. Paul's Episcopal Cathedral, 1849-51; Louis Sullivan, Prudential (Guaranty) Building, 1895-6; George Post, Erie County Savings Bank, c1890 (from Prudential and Erie Savings Bank in Post Card views) • Fig. 4b. Louis Sullivan, Prudential (Guaranty) Building, 1895-6 (from Prudential post card view) • Fig. 5. Daniel Burnham, Ellicott Square Building, 1895-6 (from Views of Buffalo) • Fig. 6. Leopold Eidlitz, Buffalo Public Library (from Quinan post card) • Fig. 7. E. B. Green and William Wicks, Dun Building, 1894-5 (Quinan slide) • Fig. 8. Green & Wicks, Buffalo Savings Bank, 1900-1 (Quinan slide) • Fig. 9. Nineteenth Century Grain elevators in Buffalo (Photo courtesy of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society) �• Fig. 10. Max Toltz with D. A. Robinson, Pillsbury or Great Northern Grain Elevator, 1898 (J. Q. Post Card) • Fig. 11. H. H. Richardson, William Dorsheimer House, 1869-71 (Quinan slide) • Fig. 12. McKim, Mead & White, Pratt Mansion, 1895-6 (Quinan slide) • Fig. 13. Jospeh Lyman Silsbee, J. M. Bemis Mansion, 1883 (Quinan slide) • Fig. 14. Common two-family wood frame house (Quinan slide) • Fig. 15. Green & Wicks, Albright Art Gallery, 1900-5 (Quinan slide) • Fig. 16, Richardson, Buffalo State Hospital, 1870-96 (Quinan slide) © 2001 - Jack Quinan Jack Quinan, Ph.D., is Curator of the Frank Lloyd Wright designed Darwin D. Martin House on Jewett Parkway in Buffalo and is adjunct professor of architecture at the Frank Lloyd Wright School of Architecture, Taliesin West, Scottsdale, Arizona. His 1987 book, Frank Lloyd Wright's Larkin Building: Myth and Fact, (Cambridge, Mass.: AHF/MIT Press,) is considered by Wright scholars to be a classic. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffalo Architecture at the Time of the Pan-American Exposition Description An account of the resource Buffalo Architecture at the Time of the Pan-American Exposition of 1901. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Quinan, Jack Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Quinan, Jack Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context buffalo-architecture-at-the-time-of-the-pan-american-exposition Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Architecture--New York (State)--Buffalo Exhibition buildings--New York (State)--Buffalo Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/b62b347e7109dee8411493aadee193d1.pdf 4cef06128e0b9a0400c949a0360ed109 PDF Text Text Bands of the Pan-American Exposition Frank Cipolla For the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 upwards of twenty professional bands were engaged to present five to seven concerts a day between May and October. In addition, bands played for the military exercises, parades, and other activities that were a regular feature of the exposition. Why so many bands? By the year 1901, bands were at the zenith of their popularity. They had been an integral part of the developing cultural and social life of communities during the nineteenth century, as witnessed by the number of gazebo bandstands that still grace many a town or village square to this day. New designs in wind instrument manufacture provided bands with a greater palette of musical sounds for outdoor performances. Bands became so numerous that, during the Civil War, Congress ordered the regimental bands of the Union Army to be limited to one band for each brigade. Following the war years brass bands continued to flourish in large and small communities alike. Improvements in transportation, mainly the growth of the railroad system, gave rise to a number of outstanding professional bands that could easily travel and thus be heard in cities and towns all across the United States. John Philip Sousa, for example, not only toured the length and breadth of North America with his great band, but also made four extended trips to Europe as well as a world tour during his long and illustrious career. Three Buffalo bands, the 65th and 74th Regiment Bands and Scinta's Band were engaged to perform at the exposition. The first two were local bands under contract to provide music for various regimental functions, but were free to accept other engagements - a common practice of most military bands at the time. Scinta's Band was popular with local residents since it coincided with the great period of Italian immigration to Buffalo. 65th Regiment Band �74th Regiment Band Scinta Band �Visitors to the Pan-American Exposition not only could listen to some of the finest bands in the country but also were treated to an array of the foremost instrumental soloists. Herbert L. Clarke (cornet), Arthur Pryor (trombone), and Simone Mantia (euphonium), featured performers with the Sousa Band, are still recognized as legends on their respective instruments. William Paris Chambers was cornet soloist with Francesco Fanciulli's 71st Regiment Band of New York, and cornetist Bohumir Kryl was heard during two engagements, first in August with Phinney's United States Band and then in October with the band of Frederick Innes. Thomas Brooke's Chicago Marine Band featured the father and son team of James (father) and Edward Llewellyn as cornet soloists. Edward, who was in his early twenties at the time, went on to a symphonic career, initially as first trumpeter in the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra and then for a long period as principal trumpet of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Simone Mantia Bohumir Kryl Herbert L. Clarke Arthur Pryor In 1901, Buffalo was the place to be if one wished for the sights and sounds of some of the greatest bands of North America or to witness the eloquent execution of superlative instrumental soloists. © 2001 Frank Cipolla Frank Cipolla is Professor of Music Emeritus, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bands of the Pan-American Exposition Subject The topic of the resource Bands (Music)--New York (State)--Buffalo Military bands--New York (State)--Buffalo Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.)--Songs and music Description An account of the resource A description of concert and military bands of the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cipolla, Frank Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cipolla, Frank Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context bands-of-the-pan-american-exposition Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/093dbf164ca6317f40f6fb43aa112a41.pdf 1fb354a7ae2627a73b18f19e79bd7568 PDF Text Text 1901 and The New Home Entertainment Robert J. Berkman Even before the Pan American Exposition, progressive types observed that we were poised for a revolution in the home. Edison's (and his competitors') electric light and power systems were already changing the ambient noise of life from "clank and hiss" to a steady "hum", and soon an array of new devices lightened the homemaker's burden. Some of these were labor­ saving devices, others were meant to provide home entertainment to fill the increased leisure hours. Principle among the latter were the phonograph and the player piano, and while one has become a cultural force, the other has virtually faded from view. Edison had invented the phonograph in 1877, but many years passed before it began to emerge as a home entertainment device. Edison's refusal to see it in this light (as opposed to his original conception of it as an office dictating machine) began to erode as competing inventors and entrepreneurs identified it as a new and profitable industry waiting to be born. Enormous systems had to be worked out first - the design and manufacture of reliable, popularly-priced phonographs; the materials and means to mass produce records; and most of all, the great pop culture complex had to grow up, Cornetist recording in La Nature, August 1889. From Hammer Collection, Smithsonian Institution. eventually encompassing songwriters, music publishers, theatre owners, celebrity performers of all types, wholesalers, retailers, publicists - not to mention the later addition of Hollywood, radio, television, and the Internet. Such complexes do not spring into being fully formed. Nevertheless, by the mid-1890's the phonograph business was on its way to success. Emile Berliner's convenient disc records were fast becoming serious competitors to the more cumbersome wax cylinders then in use, and following much legal wrangling his patents became the basis of the eponymous Victor Talking Machine Company in 1901. This enterprise led the way to the fulfillment of the phonograph's promise as a home entertainer, at the same �time eliminating a key participatory attraction of the cylinder phonograph: Participation in home recording was not possible with discs. This liability (if liability it was) was far outweighed by the discs' ease of use to judge from the thousands who flocked to Victor's exhibit at the Pan, snapping up miniature souvenir records that bore an endorsement from John Philip Sousa. (Victor's major competitor, The Columbia Phonograph Co., was also to offer a Pan Am item. After the assassination of President McKinley, they issued a record of his last speech - though spoken by an actor.) Meanwhile, the mechanical piano had been developing since the late 1860's. At that time owning a piano was a hallmark of American middle class respectability and remained so well into the 20th century. To use it, however, meant that someone in the home had to learn to play it. The usual someone was a daughter, piano playing being considered largely a "female accomplishment" imposed upon young ladies without regard to their level of innate musical talent. It might be guessed that innate musical talent was as scarce then as now, and that a ready market existed for a mechanical piano player. The most successful of these piano players was the Pianola, introduced in 1898. Invented by Edwin S. Votey and brilliantly marketed by the Aeolian Company, the Pianola was already a world-wide phenomenon by the time of the Pan. Soon enough a huge library of music rolls was available, listing everything from ragtime to Chopin. The player piano industry also tapped into and contributed to the pop culture complex, including contacts with songwriters, publishers, pianists, - and even the phonograph record companies. The QRS Music Roll Co. (founded 1900) issued special rolls to be played along with favorite Victor Records. By 1901, then, both the phonograph and the player piano were in their ascendency. The phonograph, though it has had fallow periods, has been continuously upgraded technologically and flourishes today as the modern CD player. Player piano sales, on the other hand, began to slide after 1923 and virtually came to a halt in 1931. Though there was a nostalgia-driven revival in the 1960's and 70's, that too has subsided to a trickle. Why is this so? �Of course, several reasons seem self-evident. The rise of free entertainment on radio and the onset of the Great Depression clearly sent the player piano hurtling toward oblivion. Compared to any phonograph of the time (not to mention the modern CD player), the player piano was much more expensive and far less portable. The piano itself began to slip from its place of honor in the home, to the point that any keyboard in the home today is likely to be a versatile electronic one interfaced to a computer. And pop music, with its increasingly multi-layered sounds and sonic effects, became less and less suitable for piano adaptation. But the main reason may be more a sociological one than a technological one. When playing a Pianola one is actively participating in the making of the music, a selling point stressed in much early advertising. In fact, considerable skill is needed to operate a Pianola if anything like "musical" results are to be obtained. It is not the passive experience that listening to a record is. While this "selling point" intrigued many would-be pianists in 1901 and continues to interest a tiny band of devotees, the general public ultimately found it too taxing. The player piano's biggest years began in 1916 when, karaoke-like, the song lyrics began to be printed on well-arranged rolls that left little for the public to do but pump the pedals and sing along. Singing along with a player piano is a participatory aspect which requires no skill, just camaraderie and the lack of self-consciousness it inspires. Yet even this level of participation --- gathering around the player piano for a sing-along --- is a type of fun foreign to people who were becoming used to receiving their musical entertainment passively. It is not quite true to say that the mechanical piano has vanished from the scene. Among the wonders of the early 21st Century are new self-playing piano systems that are enjoying considerable success in the marketplace, the paper rolls replaced by hi-tech floppy disks and CDs. These systems are capable of excellent performances, requiring no interaction by the user beyond pushing the "play" button. This suggests that in order to appeal to the 21st Century customer, the mechanical piano needed its participatory aspects eliminated; for while new and wonderful revolutions in daily life undoubtedly loom, it is unlikely they will rekindle in us a desire to work any harder than we have to for our home entertainment. Sic transit gloria pianola! © 2001 Robert J. Berkman Robert J. Berkman is Chief Operating Officer of QRS Music Technologies, Inc., Buffalo, N.Y. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1901 and The New Home Entertainment Description An account of the resource Phonographs, player pianos, and other music devices at the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Berkman, Rober J. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Berkman, Rober J. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1901-and-the-new-home-entertainment Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.)--Songs and music Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/02ed15415dcf286d3f4e69ceb01cf6a4.pdf bc35ea79dc45469303c86adb12b13a5b PDF Text Text The Visual Landscape Visual culture at the Pan-American Exposition was richly represented throughout the grounds, with the use of architecture and sculpture as well as artistic exhibits and galleries of fine art. Such visual exhibits were primarily the work of artists from the United States, although significant contributions were made by other "Pan-American" countries like Canada, Mexico and Chile. The Albright Art Gallery, building of marble designed to resemble the temples of Ancient Greece, was to be constructed on the Exposition grounds and was intended to house the Exhibit of Fine Arts. That it was not completed in time for the Exposition was not lost upon Exposition visitors, as this imposing building's construction was itself, an exhibit. "Very few people seem to be aware, and most people seem surprised to be told, that, whatever else is or is not to be seen at the Pan-American Exposition, there is to be found there the most complete and representative exhibition of American art ever yet got together.... One could count upon the fingers of one hand the men who have made any mark in American art during [the last quarter of the nineteenth century] who are not here represented by at least one work; and the cases where the work shown is not fairly representative are very few and, for one or another reason, nearly inevitable. The dead and the living, the Americans who paint abroad and those who stay at home, the figure-painter and the landscape-painter, the draughtsman and the colorist, the impressionist and the followers of the latest Parisian fancy-the "black band"-are all here, each doing his best to show that America has produced something vital and permanently valuable in art."1 The directors of art, architecture, sculpture and color were unified in the desire to bring to the fair's visitors, their vision of American civilization and technological prowess of man through an exhibition of the "allied arts." Karl Bitter's sculpture plan emphasizing the "Progress of Man" was enhanced by the color scheme of C. Y. Turner, the Director of Color. The overall layout and design of the grounds and the architectural style of the exposition buildings emphasized what John M. Carèrre and the Board of Architects felt was a uniquely "American" style. William Coffin, Director of Fine Arts would continue this theme in the installation of an exhibit of the works of artists primarily from the United States, but also form other countries of Pan-America. Of course, the commercial goals of the Pan-American Exposition were apparent even in the fair's visual culture. Evelyn Rumsey Cary's poster, The Spirit of Niagara and Raphael Beck's design for the Exposition's official seal were works used most heavily in the advertising and marketing material for the Exposition as well as the souvenirs sold by the thousands to Exposition visitors. �This portion of the online exhibit examines the "visual culture" of the Pan-American Exposition, from its architectural layout and use of color, to the formal works exhibited in the Gallery of Fine Arts. Also addressed are some of the artistic exhibits that appeared in the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building—works by such names as Tiffany & Co. and Gorham. While these artistic exhibits were commercial in nature and outside the perusal of the Exposition planners, they were never-the-less, awe-inspiring in their artistic nature. See also, essays related to these subjects, including one describing Buffalo architecture during the period and another describing the work of the Exposition's official photographer, C. D. Arnold. "New Panoramic View of the Illumination Looking for the Triumphal Bridge". Photographer: Undetermined. Source: The Latest and Best Views of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, N.Y.: Robert Allen Reid, 1901. From its inception, the architectural board of the Pan-American Exposition was faced with the challenge of meeting the expectations and demands of Exposition planners. The architects were charged not only with the design of the buildings, but also with the development of a formal landscape plan comprising fountains, lagoons, basins, a large network of canals and extensive horticultural plantings. The plan was also expected to encompass extensive electrical illumination effects, which presented a new challenge to architects and designers, but also an opportunity for creative exploration.1 • The Exposition Formula • The Architectural Scheme • The Buildings Reference Cox, Kenyon. "American Art at Buffalo." The Nation: A Weekly Journal Devoted to Politics, Literature, Science, and Art, August 2, 1901. �The "Exposition Formula" From an architectural perspective, the Pan-American Exposition was an example of the very successful utilization of the "Exposition Formula," which grew from the tone set by the previous world's fairs in Philadelphia (1876) and Chicago (1893). Joann Thompson describes some of the common elements of this formula below2 (applications of these elements to the Pan-American Exposition follow in parentheses): • Evocations of an earlier time. (Spanish Mission and Renaissance architectural styles.) • Several buildings of a common theme or style grouped around a centralized focal point in a landscaped setting. (The Electric Tower and buildings on the Court of Fountains.) • The exposition as a self-contained city exhibiting the wealth and diversity of the contemporary world. (Thousands of exhibits in an economically thriving region of the country.) Temple of Music as seen Through the Colonnade. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan­ American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant • The exposition itself serving as an exhibit. (Illumination, impressive architecture and novel use of color.) • A very prominent building as a focal point. (The Electric Tower.) • The "secret pleasures" of an Exposition Midway In applying this formula to the Buffalo Exposition, Thompson wrote, "The prototype [exposition] consist[ed] of palatial structures situated in a park, the whole of which was to commemorate a particular event or ideal." The Pan-American Exposition exemplified this formula with "more big buildings and an impressive park setting to celebrate the supremacy of the United States in the Western Hemisphere."3 The Board of Architects The Executive Committee of the Exposition Board of Directors was chaired by John N. Scatcherd, who also served as the chairman of the Buildings and Grounds Committee. Another important figure in the development of the �grounds was Newcomb Carleton, an engineer who served at the Director of Works. Scatcherd and the Executive Committee chose those men who would comprise the Exposition's Board of Architects. John N. Scatcherd. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American Herald, v. 1, no. 5 (October, 1899) p. 49. Newcomb Carleton. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American Herald, v. 1, no. 5 (October, 1899) p. 48. John M. Carrère. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American Herald, v. 1, no. 2 (August 15, 1899) cover page. John M. Carrère was selected as the Chairman of the committee with William Welles Bosworth as the Assistant to the Chair. Both were of Carrère and Hastings in New York and would assume responsibility for the block plan of the Exposition and the treatment of all grounds and features not assumed by the other members of the board. (John Carrère would be the architect to design Buffalo's 1907 monument to U. S. President William McKinley, who was assassinated at the Pan-American Exposition. The McKinley Monument is located in Niagara Square in downtown Buffalo.) Robert Swain Peabody (1845-1917), from the Boston firm Peabody and Stearns, designed the Horticultural Group, the Forestry Building and the Graphic Arts Building. �An influential architect and writer, Peabody graduated from Harvard in 1866 and later attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He returned to Massachusetts, in 1870, and formed a partnership with John Stoddard Stearns (1843-1917). The practice of Peabody & Stearns attracted a creative team of skilled architects. Peabody tended to produce the original sketches and delegate design responsibilities to the younger architects, while Stearns supervised construction. George Cary, (1859-1945) of Buffalo. Cary designed the Ethnology Building and the New York State Building. A Buffalo native, Cary received a formal education at Harvard, and after graduating in 1883, studied architecture at Columbia University, with four additional years at the Ecole Des Beaux Arts in Paris. Following his return to this country in 1891, Cary opened an office in Buffalo, and remained in this professional practice throughout his long and successful career. Among the many public and private buildings he designed, were: • The General Hospital • Dental College and several other buildings at the University of Buffalo • State Hospital for Malignant Disease • The Entrance gate to the Forest Lawn Cemetery at 1411 Delaware Avenue. An early member and one-time president of the Buffalo Chapter, Cary was made a Fellow of the Institute in 1892, and from 1908 to 1910 served as a member of the national Board of Directors of the Fine Arts Academy and George Cary. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Men of Buffalo; a Collection of Portraits of Men Who Deserve to Rank as Typical Representatives of the Best Citizenship, Foremost Activities and Highest Aspirations of the City of Buffalo. Chicago. A. N. Marquis & Co., 1902, p. 411. the Albright Art Gallery.4 Edward B. Green, of Green & Wicks, Buffalo, N.Y., designed the Electricity Building and the Machinery and Transportation Building. Green was also the architect of the Albright Art Gallery. Although plans called for this building to be constructed as one of two permanent structures of the Exposition, it would not be completed until 1905. E.B. Green was born in Utica, NY in 1855 and graduated from Cornell University with a bachelor of architecture degree in 1878. After three years in an architectural office, he joined with Sydney Wicks, an MIT graduate, in opening an architectural practice in Auburn, NY. The firm of Green and Wicks moved to Buffalo in 1881. Wicks served as a park Edward B. Green. Photographer: Hall (Buffalo, N.Y.) Source: The Pan-American Herald, v. 1, no. 2 (August 15, 1899), p. 4. commissioner in Buffalo for three years and helped to promote development of the Parkside community.5 �Today, more than 160 of their Buffalo buildings still stand. Some of the joint projects of Green & Wicks include: • Dun Building, Buffalo's first highrise building (110 Pearl Street) • Buffalo Savings Bank (545 Main Street) • First Presbyterian Church (One Symphony Circle) August Esenwein (1856-1926), also of Buffalo and a partner in the firm, Esenwein & Johnson, was the architect of the Temple of Music. Esenwein, was born in Germany and studied architecture in Paris before coming to Buffalo in 1880. He was a highly skilled architect and an excellent salesman who teamed with James Addison Johnson (1865-1939) of Brewerton, New York. Johnson was born in Brewerton, NY and trained at the prestigious McKim, Mead and White in New York City. He had a flair for outstanding ornament, as evidenced by his design of the spectacular marble floor of the Ellicott Square Building.6 Many of this team's buildings remain today. A few of these include: August C. Esenwein. Photographer: Jansen Source: The Pan-American Herald, v. 1, no. 2 (August 15, 1899), p. 2. • Calumet Building (46-58 West Chippewa Street) • Niagara Mohawk Building, originally the General Electric Tower (535 Washington Street) • Col. Francis G. Ward Pumping Station, the largest in the world in its day • Lafayette High School (370 Lafayette Avenue) • Jewett House (313 Summer Street) • Buffalo Museum of Science (1020 Humboldt Parkway) • The original Lockwood Library, now Abbott Hall on the University at Buffalo's South Campus NOTE: Cary, E. B. Green and Esenwein had been involved in the planning of the Exposition since its inception. In fact, in 1897, when the the Exposition was in the planning stages for its original opening in 1899, August Esenwein had served as Director of Architecture. By October he had already prepared the plans for the buildings before "outside" participants were brought in.7 George Foster Shepley (1860-1903), of Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, Boston, designed the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building as well as the Agriculture Building. Born in St. Louis and educated at Washington University and MIT. In 1886, he organized the firm of Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge. The firm inherited H. H. Richardson's practice in 1886 and was responsible for completing many of his most noteworthy designs. In 1892, the firm won the competition for the Chicago Public Library which led to the commission for the Art Institute of Chicago in the following year. The design for the library is a good example of the firm's turn from the �Richardsonian Romanesque style to the Renaissance Revival associated with the overall theme of the Pan-American Exposition. John Galen Howard(1864-1931), created the Exposition's focal point, the Electric Tower. Born in Chelmsford, Massachusetts, and a leader in the American Renaissance movement, Howard was educated at the MIT (1882-1885) and the Ecole Des Beaux-arts (1891-1893). He was an apprentice with H. H. Richardson and then a draftsman with Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge. Later, he helped found the prestigious practice of Howard, Cauldwell & Morgan in New York City, and was asked to join the Exposition's Board of Architects. After practicing in New York, Howard moved to California in 1901 to execute the Hearst Plan for the University of California, Berkeley, and to establish the School of Architecture there. He became the School's Director and a professor of Advanced Design. While teaching and designing the John Galen Howard. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, v. 23, no. 137 (June 1901), p. 683. university's new buildings, he maintained a sizable practice in San Francisco. Some of Howard's houses were designed in the casual Bay Area tradition, but his commercial and public buildings consistently exhibited his desire to create a progressive classical tradition appropriate for America. Walter Cook, of Babb, Cook & Willard, New York, was responsible for designing the Plaza and entrance to the Midway, the Propylæa, and the Stadium. James Knox Taylor served the board in an ex-officio capacity. However, as Supervising Architect of the United States, he was responsible for overseeing the design of the United States Government Building. Walter Cook. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: The Pan­ American Herald, v. 1, no. 2 (August 15, 1899), p. 2. �Karl Bitter. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: The Criterion, (May 19, 1901), p. 10. Charles Yardley Turner, Director of Color. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: The Criterion, (May 19, 1901), p. 10. Added to the board in ex-officio status, were Charles Yardley Turner, the Director of Color, and Karl Bitter, Director of Sculpture. The collaboration between Turner, Bitter and the Board of Architects was evidence of Carrère's vision of one of the greater goals of the Exposition's design: ... At Buffalo, the Board of Architects of the Pan-American Exposition, with a full realization of the importance of the task imposed upon them and with the desire to avoid reminiscences of the Chicago Exposition, decided that the purpose of the setting of this Exposition should be to develop a picturesque ensemble on a formal ground plan, introducing architecture, sculpture, and painting as allied arts.8 References 1. Joann M. Thompson. The Art and Architecture of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York, 1901. Unpublished dissertation. Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey, 1980. p. 20. 2. Ibid., pp. 19-20. �3. Ibid., p. 18. Thompson makes and interesting point in comparing the Pan-American Exposition to the world's fairs of Europe, where the United States was often viewed as "culturally less developed" participants. In the case of the Buffalo Exposition, which was a hemispherical rather than a true world's fair, "[exposition] producers may have realized that their United States role vis- à-vis that of the developing Latin and South American countries, was very similar to that of the United States relative to Europe's example, but with America having the upper hand as the culturally superior entity to its less developed neighbors." 4. Information on George Cary from Chuck LaChiusa, "George Cary 1859-1945," Buffalo as an Architectural Museum. 5. Information on E.B. Green obtained from "Edward Brodhead Green and Associates," Buffalo as an Architectural Museum. 6. Information on August Esenwein from Chuck LaChiusa, "Esenwein & Johnson in Buffalo, NY," Buffalo as an Architectural Museum. 7. Pan-American Herald, v.1, no.5 (October 1899) p. 7 ; Thompson, p. 279 n. 12. 8. 8. John M. Carrère, "The Architectural Scheme," Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, NY: David Gray, 1901, p. 13. Click to view the Art Handbook]. See also Kerry S. Grant, The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001, p. 11. �The Architectural Scheme • The Plan • The "Progress of Man" • A Definitive Style • Architecture and Color The Plan John Carrère, Chairman of the Board of Architects of the Pan-American Exposition, saw the exposition's layout as an "artistic composition." Formal symmetry governed the plan and uniformity of scale was one of the most important harmonizing factors. Since the architects also had the advantage of grounds that lay adjacent to the Frederick Law The Bridge of the Three Americas, viewed from the Delaware Park Casino. Photographer: C. D. Arnold, c1900. Source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, v. 23, no. 137 (June 1901), p. 677. Olmstead designed Delaware Park, "it was apparent that the Exposition must be strongly influenced by its proximity to the Park; but, as it was out of the question to alter the Park, even to the extent of removing any great number of its beautiful trees, and it was therefore impossible to extend the Exposition into the Park, it was decided to extend the Park into the Exposition, ... and thus to make them part of each other."1 The Exposition view from the Casino and in Delaware Park. Proximity to Delaware park was advantageous to planners. The New York State Building is on the left of the "Bridge of the Three Americas." To the right is the roof of the Horticulture building. The overall "block plan" was based in simple lines, with the main axis running north and south, surrounded by the secondary axes. Carrère referred to the main axis as the "Axis of the Esplanade," which took the visitor from the Triumphal Bridge to the Electric Tower. The A Shaded Walk Near the Triumphal Bridge. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 538. �major buildings were grouped on the secondary axes, with symmetry and balance maintained by placing buildings of different character and purpose, but similar size and structure directly opposite one another across the main axis. " ... the visitor will see what is meant by "formality picturesquely developed" when looking at the attempt to balance two buildings as totally different in character, purpose, and design as the Horticultural Building on the one side of the Esplanade and the Government Building on the other, or the Electricity and Manufactures Buildings On the one side of the main axis and the Liberal Arts and the Agricultural Buildings on the other.... "2 Joann Thompson points out that "[t]he intention behind this arrangement was to achieve a unified effect, which did not necessarily imply an identical, neatly symmetrical image, but instead, a dialog of similar masses. So, in spite of the formality of the plan, an element of flexibility was not only desirable, but was actually incorporated into the designing of the whole."3 Thus while the buildings opposite each other across the main axis differed in design and ornamentation, they, in essence, were of similar size and shape. The maps below illustrate this "symmetry of scale." Map Showing the Main and Secondary Axes and Illustrating the Symmetry of Scale. Derived from the 1901 map, Plan of the Pan-American Exposition to be Held at Buffalo, New York, May 1 - Nov. 1, 1901, (Plan revised to April 15, 1901). Original map was drawn by C. E. Peltz and published in Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. From the collection of the University Archives, State University of New York at Buffalo. Axes notes added in 2003; based on information found in John M. Carrère, "The Architectural Scheme," Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Three-Dimensional Map Illustrating the Axes and Symmetry of Scale of the Exposition Plan. Derived from a rendering by Murray Smith, published by Orvis and Smith, Buffalo, N.Y., [1901]. Original is from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. In Kerry S. Grant, The Rainbow City : Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901, Buffalo, N.Y. : Canisius College Press, 2001. �"The idea of a comprehensive view arranged along a dominant axis was one which figured frequently in turn-of-the-century City Beautiful schemes, for which Buffalo's exposition became an example."4 The canal, one of the more popular features of the exposition, may have served an entertainment function by affording visitors an opportunity to tour the Exposition by boat. To Carrère, however, the waterway had a more functional purpose in serving as the boundary of the Exposition's main architectural group. Beyond the canal lay the secondary buildings, restaurants and of course, the Midway. Carrère describes this: "...In order clearly to define the importance of this architectural setting, and also to make room for the numerous secondary buildings and side-shows, which could not well be brought into harmony with this main part of the composition, the very interesting feature of the canal was adopted at the suggestion of the laymen of the Board. This canal places the main part of the scheme within well-defined and formal limits and permits of all the more freedom beyond its boundaries. It is the means of separating the discordant elements of the scheme and yet of harmonizing them."5 On the Canal Between the Stadium (left) and the Agriculture Building (right). Photographer/Engraver : Undetermined. Source: Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 464. On the Canal Near the Government Group. Photographer : Undetermined. Source: Pan-American Exposition Scrapbook [n.p., 1901?]. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �Gondola Landing — Grand Canal (Behind the Electric Tower). Photographer : Undetermined. Source: The Pan-American and its Midway, Philadelphia : J. Murray Jordan, 1901, p. 14. The Grand Canal, with the Fisheries Building on the Right. Photographer : Undetermined. Source: Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 463. In approaching the Exposition, ideally, the visitor was to enter the grounds via the Lincoln Parkway Gateway. "From this setting, the full beauty of the Exposition unfolded as a meticulously designed asthetic experience."6 Indeed, Carrère's intention was to lead the visitor along the principal approach, through the park, "so that the spectator, as he approaches the Exposition, will see it develop gradually until he reaches the Bridge, when the entire picture will appear before him and almost burst upon him."7 It is unfortunate that this experience was missed by the majority of visitors, who, instead of walking into the Exposition through the main gate, arrived by rail and thus entered the grounds through the north gate (behind the Electric Tower.)8 �The Approach From the Park (Looking South from the Triumphal Bridge).Photographer : C.D. Arnold (c1901). Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 36. Approaching the Triumphal Bridge From the South (Carrère's "ideal approach" to the Exposition).Photographer : C.D. Arnold (c1901). Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 47. Outside the Lincoln Gate, Looking North. Photographer : C.D. Arnold (c1901). Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 50. �The "Progress of Man" In addition to serving as components of Carrère's "artistic composition," the buildings of the Pan-American Exposition were designed and positioned to illustrate a more symbolic ideal which appealed to the Exposition planners. In the approach to and travel through the grounds, visitors would experience—through the sculpture, architecture and color—the "intellectual progress of man." The concept originated with Karl Bitter, the Director of sculpture, who planned symbolic meaning to the exhibit of sculpture throughout the grounds. Bitter envisioned a profusion of statuary and fountains decorating the grounds, illustrating in allegory the "Progress of Man." The concept not only supported but also extended the principal theme of the Exposition: "To celebrate the achievements of civilization during 100 years of development in the Western Hemisphere." Whereas the Exposition intended to focus on one century of progress, Bitter chose to illustrate man's story on an evolutionary scale beginning with representations of his origins. Very much influenced by the spirit of social Darwinism predominant at the time, Bitter saw in the Exposition an opportunity to depict in allegory and symbol the history of the development of humanity.9 In his sculpture plan, Karl Bitter described the meaning behind the placement of the principal buildings. " … We observe that to the left, on the Esplanade, buildings [the Horticulture group] as situated containing, in a measure, the examples of our natural resources. … All these things, only Nature can provide. … The other side of the Esplanade, surrounded principally by Government Buildings, invites us to speak of our people and our institutions. … The institutions of our country form a worthy parallel to our resources. … In distinct separation from the above two groups, we find another group of buildings devoted to Machinery and Transportation, Electricity, Manufacture, and the Liberal Arts. What is shown therein is neither a direct product of nature nor attributable to institutions, but solely to the genius of man, though on the basis of what material nature has provided and what freedom and liberty the institutions of his country allow him. Those buildings and the Court of Fountains, as well as the Mall, around which they are located, are therefore devoted to the allegorization of that idea."10 Map Illustrating Bitter's "Progress of Man" as Related to the Ground Plan of the Pan-American Exposition. Derived from the 1901 map, Plan of the Pan-American Exposition to be Held at Buffalo, New York, May 1 - Nov. 1, 1901, (Plan revised to April 15, 1901). Original map was drawn by C. E. Peltz and published in Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. From the collection of the University Archives, State University of New York at Buffalo. �Front of the Electric Tower.Photographer : Undetermined. Source: The Pan-American and its Midway, Philadelphia : J. Murray Jordan, 1901, p. [23.] In the Exposition plan, the Electric Tower was the focal point of the composition. It represented "...the culmination of the comingling of Man and Nature, symbolically suggesting man's intellectual and physical achievement in subduing Nature and harnessing electrical power."11 Bitter also saw the Tower basin and display of cascades and fountains as representative of Buffalo and the Great Lakes. "Buffalo's importance, growth and prosperity are chiefly due to the Great Lakes System and the waterways on which it is located. Its commerce and wealth are a direct offspring of the 'Great Waters,' as the Indians called them."12 Even the coloring of the Electric Tower suggested "water," specifically the water of Niagara Falls. C.Y. Turner spoke of "the beautiful emerald green hue of the water as it curls over the crest of Niagara Falls.... In the tower I have given it marked emphasis.... "13 A Definitive Style Although Director of Architecture, John Carrère, intended to base the formal "scheme" of the Exposition on an identifiable architectural style, common throughout the plan, there was some question as to what that style would be. In its promotional publication, The Pan-American Exposition … Its Purpose and Plan, the Exposition Company explained the ambitions of the Board of Directors, with regard to architecture and theme: This is to be an American Exposition—North, South and Middle Americas and our Islands of the Seas. Neither Greece nor Rome, nor yet Turkey come into this thing. It shouldn't be particularly classic, Gothic or Byzantine. Perhaps we cannot get away altogether from the old principles of construction, but we can at least make an effort to exemplify American architectural ideas, if we can find them.14 At the turn of the 20th Century, however, there was still controversy as to what could be defined as a uniquely American architectural style. John Milburn, President of the Exposition Board of Directors, wrote of the Exposition's "grand idea—the bringing closer together the peoples of this hemisphere in their social, political and �commercial relations."15 Thus, a style indigenous to both North and South America was certainly a logical consideration. The United States Government Building. Modeled after a Spanish cathedral. Photographer : C.D. Arnold (c1901). Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 48. The Spanish-American mission style was the initial choice, although as Julian Hawthorne wrote of the Exposition's style in 1901, "[t]echnically, it is a liberal rendering of the Spanish Renaissance … it symbolizes our welcome to the genius of the Latins to mingle their strain with the genius of the Anglo-Saxon."16 The term "Spanish-Renaissance" appears to be used most often to describe the Exposition, both by contemporary and modern critics, although there is nearly universal agreement that the style was hardly "pure" in form and that there were conspicuous deviations. Watercolor Sketch of an Exposition Restaurant. Artist: C.Y. Turner. Source: The Delineator, v. 58, no. 1 (July 1901) p. 75. " ... of all the buildings created, some speak of old mission architecture and some do not. But, still, happily, although their work ran the whole gamut of architectural orders, combinations and modifications, yet it came together in harmony. Much of it is Renaissance of the freest sort; but the Spanish-American idea is dominant there, and makes itself felt throughout."17 �That the architects were allowed the freedom to deviate from Carrère's formal plan was due in part to the temporary nature of exposition architecture. Most of the buildings were constructed of staff—a mixture of plaster, gypsum and hemp usually reserved for decorative sculpture—applied over lath and iron frameworks. Since the buildings were only intended to last a season, architects could experiment with imaginative decorative effects that would not have been possible on permanent structures. Details of a Wall of the Temple of Music. Photographer: C.D. Arnold, c1901. Source: From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. In Thomas Leary and Elisabeth Sholes, Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, 1998, p. 34. Applying Staff to the Temple of Music's Wood Frame. Photographer: Undetermined [C.D. Arnold ?]. Source: From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. In Thomas Leary and Elisabeth Sholes, Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, 1998, p. 21. "[The architect] looks upon an exposition as an opportunity for artistic experiment and the execution, in temporary materials, of every dream of his imagination, no matter how fantastic. The fact that these experiments are temporary encourages him to dare, and one single great success justifies, in his eyes, the entire experiment. He �dares to do in an exposition, and is allowed to do, what no sensible person would think of attempting in permanent form."18 Carrère encouraged experimentation—within reasonable bounds—and the transient nature of the buildings afforded architects the freedom to try new ideas. Thus, The Pan-American Exposition was comprised of buildings incorporating decorative styles from numerous schools. One can see a drastic difference in the number and intricacy of decorative features when comparing staff-covered temporary buildings like the Temple of Music and Horticulture Building, to one designed to be permanent, the New York State Building, which was of the conservative Doric style and built with marble. The New York State Building. Artist: Undetermined. [c1900 Pan-American Exposition Company]. Source: Over 100 Views Showing the Grandeur of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York--1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Chas. J. Shults & Co., 1901. �The Temple of Music. Photographer : C.D. Arnold (c1901). Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 54. The Horticulture Building. Photographer : C.D. Arnold (c1901). Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 4. Architecture and Color In keeping with the notion of a "unified scheme" in the architectural planning of the Exposition, Director of Color, C.Y. Turner was invited to become a member of the Board of Architects. �Watercolor Sketch of the Propylæa at the Pan-American Exposition, 1901. Artist : C.Y. Turner. Source: The Delineator, v. 58, no. 1 (July 1901) p. 74. Turner, best known as a painter of murals, based his color scheme for the Exposition on Bitter's "Progress of Man" allegory. He wrote: In considering a scheme of color treatment for the Pan­ American Exposition, the Architecture, Sculpture, the purpose and character of the Exposition each had to be taken into account. The plan of Mr. Karl Bitter, Director of Sculpture, ... seemed to me a very logical and proper treatment of the Exposition .... Taking it for granted, then, that as we enter the grounds from the Park through the forecourt, the causeway bids welcome to the visitors and the countries C. Y. Turner's Studio (Making Watercolor Drawings as Guides for Painting the Exposition Buildings).Photographer : Undetermined (probably C.D. Arnold). Source: Scientific American. November 10, 1900, p. 293 taking part in the Exposition, we would come upon the elementary conditions, that is, the earliest state of man suggested on one side, and primitive nature on the other. I concluded that the strongest primary colors should be applied here, and that as we advance up the grounds the colors should be more refined and less contrasting, and that the Tower, which is to suggest the triumph of man's achievement, should be the lightest and most delicate in color.19 C. Y. Turner's Studio - Grouping the Models of the Exposition Buildings.Photographer : Undetermined (probably C.D. Arnold). Source: Scientific American. November 10, 1900, p. 293. �Mark Bennett described Turner's process: "To produce the exquisite color effects of the Exposition, Mr. Turner procured from the architects small sketches of all buildings, from which models were made on the scale of one sixteenth of an inch to the foot. These were grouped upon a platform 12 by 16 feet, according to the plan prepared by John M. Carrère, to whom was entrusted the arrangement of the ground plan of the Exposition. Each model was colored according to the general scheme and its relationship to surrounding buildings was studied. Even the color of the sky, the grass and flowers, the pools and fountains, was taken into consideration. Many of the models were painted several times before the proper color note was hit upon to complete the harmony."20 "Mr. Turner, in mapping out his color scheme, adhered to Mr. Bitter's idea of the evolution of man, and one who takes his first glimpse from the south will notice that the coloring upon the buildings at that point begins with the cruder colors, the strong reds, yellows, greens, and blues which the barbarian selects, and it gradually melts into orange reds, gray blues, buffs, and violets, until it culminates at the Electric Tower in ivory yellow, with a setting of the delicate green which repeats the chromatic note of Niagara Falls."— Ernest Knaufft. The colors as applied to the principal buildings were described as follows: 21 22 • Horticulture—orange with details in brilliant blue, green, rose and yellow. • Government—yellow, with details in primitive colors. • Temple of Music—red. • Machinery—greenish gray. • Restaurant group—ivory, accentedwithgreen and gold. • Electric Tower—ivory, yellow, gold and green. • The roofs are generally of red tile, though prominent towers and pinnacles are in many cases decorated with green, blue green or gold. • All buildings have a play of color about their entrances, balconies, pinnacles and towers. The Pan-American Exposition was not the first exposition to use color in its architecture, but “it was the first attempt to completely unite a color scheme with Watercolor Sketch of the Tower Entrance, Electricity Building. Artist : C.Y. Turner.Source: The Delineator, v. 58, no. 1 (July 1901) p. 79. the structures in an overall visual impression of meshed coloring.”23 The vibrant color scheme led to the Exposition being labeled as "The Rainbow City." Although most visitors seemingly approved of the vibrant coloring, it provoked from contemporary critics reactions "ranging from cautious approval to hoots of derision.... The polychrome experiment looked unsettling and raucous to contemporary eyes blinded by the dazzling purity of the �"White City" [1894 Chicago World's Fair.] In the light of expectations generated by the earlier fair, the planners of the Pan-American were courageous to adopt such a novel color scheme."24 Grounds at Twilight -- Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Artist : Undetermined. Source: From a postcard produced by the Gray Lithograph Company and printed by the Niagara Envelope Manufcturing Company, Buffalo, N.Y. c1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. This same color scheme, the subject of controversy and conflicting opinions among critics, was viewed quite differently as a component of the Expositions nighttime illumination. In fact the illumination itself and the embellishing effects of the color scheme were almost universally applauded by critics: … [T]wilight is, next to illuminated night, the enchanted hour at the Exposition... [W]hen the dimming of the low lights about you warns that the climax of the Exposition day has come, go down to where the great bridge meets the Esplanade and keep your eyes on the Electric Tower. Faintly the rose-pink color flushes the side of the tall shaft. The light of the elevator drops twinkling like a falling star through the grillwork of the tower, The rose deepens and deepens on tower and dome and pinnacle, and then while the throng on the Esplanade holds its breath the light slowly rises to the brightness of the sun but without the glare, the softness of the moon without its coldness. A wonderful pure, soft radiance falls over the air, a radiance which brings out every subtle harmony of color, every detail of fretted architecture, and, behold, that new wonder of the world-the Pan-American night-is born.25 �"Electric Tower - Pan-American Exposition, 1901". Artist : Undetermined. Source: From a postcard produced by the Gray Lithograph Company and printed by the Niagara Envelope Manufcturing Company, Buffalo, N.Y. c1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. ... [H]e who would visit the exposition at the most opportune time would do well to behold it first at night, and his station point should be not at the Propylaea entrance, but at the southern end of the grounds, where, standing near "French's Washington," he may look northward over the Triumphal Causeway between the great pylons toward the Electrical Tower. Here he will see a unique and imposing sight, that outdoes Chicago, Nashville, Atlanta, Omaha,-a sight the world has never seen before. At 8 o'clock the ivory city lies half-veiled in the dusk, when suddenly, but gradually, on every cornice, every column, every dome, break forth tiny pink buds of light as though some eastern magician were commanding a Sultan's garden to bloom. A moment more, and the pink lights glow larger and take on a saffron hue, and the whole exposition lies before us illumined by 500,000 electric flames (the eight-candle power incandescent light which Mr. Edison, who developed it, has proclaimed his pet)-and these delicate lights, some single, some bunched, bring out a thousand delicate tints, now playing hide and seek and many cartouches, terminals, and arabesques, now Rembrandting the stucco reliefs, and delicately toning down the color, till the effect is strikingly allegro.26 �Of course, the thoughts of Ellen Arnold, an Exposition visitor from Connecticut, sum up what seemed to be the prevailing opinion of critics and visitors alike,27 "The illumination was something more than wonderful – indescribable –" General View of Illuminated Exposition Buildings From the West, Taken From Outside the Grounds. Photographer : Undetermined. Source: Over 100 Views Showing the Grandeur of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York--1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Chas. J. Shults & Co., 1901, p. 40. References 1. John M. Carrère, "The Architectural Scheme," Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901, p. 10. See also Joann M. Thompson. The Art and Architecture of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York, 1901. Unpublished dissertation. Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey, 1980, p. 31 and Kerry S. Grant, The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001, p. 10. 2. Carrère, p. 15-16. 3. Christian Brinton, "Art at the Pan-American Exposition," The Critic, v. 38 (June 1901) p. 512 and Walter Cook, "The Exhibition at Buffalo: Some of the Ideas Which Have Determined its Artistic Character — the Buildings and Grounds," Scribner's Magazine, v. 29 (June 1901) p. 765; in Thompson, p. 31. 4. Thompson, p. 31. The "City Beautiful Movement" was a reaction to the increasingly grimy and industrial nature of 19th century cities. City Beautiful proponants called for a harmonious environment characterized by a paradigmatic arrangement of buildings, open garden spaces and controlled traffic paths. John Brisben Walker wrote of the Pan-American Exposition as a model for the city of the future. See Walker's "The City of the Future— A Prophecy," The Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5 (September, 1901) pp. 473-475. For an informative look at the "City �Beautiful Movement" and Washington, D.C.'s example, see Julie K. Rose's City Beautiful: the 1901 Plan for Washington D.C. , URL: http://xroads.virginia.edu/~cap/citybeautiful/dchome.html. 5. Carrère, p. 15-16. 6. Grant, p. 19. 7. Carrère, p. 15. 8. Thompson, p. 32; Grant, p. 19. 9. Grant, p. 12. 10. Karl Bitter, "The Sculpture Plan," Art Handbook, 1901, pp. 49-50. 11. Thompson, p. 35. 12. Bitter, p. 50. 13. C.Y. Turner, "The Color Scheme," Art Handbook, p. 20; Grant, p. 13. 14. Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo May 1 to November 1, 1901. Its Purpose and Plan. [Buffalo, N. Y. : The Pan­ American Exposition Company], 1901, p. 28. 15. John G. Milburn, "The Purposes of the Exposition," Art Handbook, p. 7. 16. Julian Hawthorne, "Some Novelties at the Buffalo Fair," The Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5, (September, 1901) p. 485. 17. Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo May 1 to November 1, 1901. Its Purpose and Plan. p. 30; Joanna Wood refers to the style as "American Renaissance" in "My Personal View," The Criterion, May 19, 1901, p. 12. In "The Pan­ American on Dedication Day," The American Monthly Review of Reviews, v. 23, no. 137 (June 1901), William Hotchkiss describes the architecture as "romantic and picturesque" using the term "Free Renaissance" to describe the buildings' bracketed eves, airy pinnacles, grilled windows, open loggias, square towers, fantastic pilasters and tile roofs. C.Y. Turner, Director of Color, wrote, “… the Spanish Renaissance was in the minds of most of [the Board of Architects] the most suitable style. At a later period, this was changed to Free Renaissance, which, of course, permitted the introduction of Italian, German and French Renaissance,” in “Organization as Applied to Art,” The Cosmopolitan, v.31 no.5 (September 1901) p.493; Also using this term is Kerry S. Grant, who offers detailed descriptions of the style and coloring of individual buildings in The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. Finally, see Joann Thompson's dissertation, The Art and Architecture of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York, 1901, (Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey, 1980) where the terms used to describe the architecture at the Pan-American Exposition include"quasi Spanish style," "free-form Spanish- oriented structures" and "fantasy buildings of a freely interpreted Spanish style." 18. Carrère, p. 12. 19. Turner, p. 20. 20. The Pan-American Exposition and How to See It : A Complete Art Souvenir, ed. Mark Bennett, Buffalo, NY : Goff Company, 1901, [pp. 9-10.] 21. 21. Ernest Knaufft. "Artistic Effects of the Pan-American Exposition." The American Monthly Review of Reviews, v.23, no.137 (June 1901) p. 689. In a lecture by Barbara Seals Nevergold and Peggy Brooks-Bertram, founders of the Uncrowned Queens Project, it was suggested that Turner's color scheme may have also been analogous to prevalent attitudes regarding race and the relationship of "white" America to its African- and Native-American populations as well as its "darker" and "subordinate" Central and South American neighbors. Darker, cruder colors (or skin) were viewed as savage, primitive and, as Knaufft states, "barbarian" whereas with progress, evolution and civilization, man grew to be represented by colors that were lighter, pastel-like and more subtle—in essence, �"whiter." While there is no direct evidence to show that the use of color to convey this attitude was a conscious decision of Turner or the Exposition planners, the larger societal tendency to equate dark to "primitive" and light to "civilized," must not be discounted. From a lecture presented on"The Role and Representation of African Americans and Persons of Color in the Pan-American Exposition. Presented at the University Archives, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, July 12, 2001. More information on this topic may be found in the history section of the Uncrowned Queens web site, URL: http://wings.buffalo.edu/uncrownedqueens/files/history.htm. 22. Bennett, [p. 10.] 23. Thompson, p. 86. 24. Ibid., pp. 79, 85. Also see Grant, pp. 113-116 and Thomas Leary and Elisabeth Sholes, Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, 1998, pp. 27-46. Katherine V. McHenry wrote in the June 1901 issue of Brush and Pencil, "Whatever be the popular verdict, whether the consensus of opinion be in favor of a monochrome scheme, such as was employed at Chicago in 1893, or of a varied, symbolic scheme, such as prevails in the Pan-American, it is to the credit of the promoters of this latter exposition that they had the hardihood to undertake what former exposition managers feared to attempt, and the ability to carry it out to a successful issue," (p.156). 25. Mary Bronson Harrt, "How to See the Pan-American Exposition," Everybody's Magazine, v.5, no.26 (October 1901.) The full text of Harrt's article is available on Sue Eck's "Doing the Pan..." 26. Knaufft, p. 687. 27. Ellen Arnold, in a letter to her sister Hannah Allen of Putnam, Conn., September 12, 1901. Private collection. Courtesy of Brenda Battleson. �The Exposition Buildings When David Gray, editor of the Art Hand-Book1, was compiling descriptive information for the buildings of the Pan­ American Exposition, he sought out the architects themselves: "The descriptions of the chief buildings of the Pan-American Exposition have been written for the Art Hand-Book (except in a few instances) by the architects that designed them. It is felt by the Editor, therefore, that they may be presented as accurate and official descriptions of the Exposition architecture.— Editor." Each of the following pages begins with such descriptions as published in the Art Hand-book. Additional material, including third-party descriptions, criticism, detailed renderings and photographic images will follow. • Pylons of Triumphal Causeway • The Restaurant Buildings And Arcades • The Curved Pergolas • The Stadium • The Esplanade Band Stands • The Propylæa • The Government Building • The Electricity Building • The Ethnology Building • The Bazaar Building • The Terraces • The Acetylene Building • Manufactures And Liberal Arts Building • The Machinery Building • Pergola Buildings • The Temple of Music • Agricultural Building • The Horticultural Group • The Electric Tower • The New York State Building • The Old Spanish Mission • The Fire-Proof Art Building • The Plaza • State, Foreign, And Auxiliary Buildings Birdseye View of the Pan­ American Exposition. Artist: Rendering by Harry Fenn after drawings by Carrère and Hastings Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Image from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie Country Historical Society. �Related Maps Building Map of the Pan-American Exposition. Artist: Rendering by Murray Smith? Source: Published by Orvis and Smith, 1901. From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie Country Historical Society. Plan of the Pan-American Exposition to be Held at Buffalo, New York, May 1-Nov 1, 1901. Artist: Rendering by C. E. Peltz. Source: From the collection of the University Archives, University at Buffalo Reference 1 .Art Handbook, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. �Pylons of Triumphal Causeway1 By John M. Carrer of Carrère and Hastings The architectural purpose of the Triumphal Causeway is to balance the Electric Tower and to establish an entrance-portal to the great courts of the Exposition proper. As a gateway from the natural landscape of the park into the formal scheme of the Exposition it was desirable that it should have both the elements of dignity and exposition gaiety. The four Pylons are monumental in size, being 40 by 50 feet, and in color suggest stone. From the water-level to the base of the equestrian figures it is 116 feet. The avenue between them is 140 feet wide, the center line of which is the main axis of the Exposition, with the Electric Tower at one end and the statue of General Washington at the other. The sculpture which decorates the Pylons carries out the idea of national power and glory welcoming the world to the Exposition. The garlands of shields and the colored flags which festoon them lend an air of gaiety, and subtly suggest the idea of the draw-bridge leading from the natural outer park to the beauties in the creation of which man has been the chief factor. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Curved Pergolas1 By John M. Carrer of Carrère and Hastings These structures curve from the Triumphal Causeway to the eastward and westward, tending to connect the Pylons with the Esplanades and to unify the architectural composition of the whole plan. They were designed to provide covered shelters for the visitors, and are an adaptation of the Pompeiian trellis, but on a larger scale and more elaborate. Double rows of columns make a wide nave and two side aisles with a pediment at either end. The side aisles are divided into bays, thus forming retired places for the visitors to sit and listen to the music on the Esplanades, and watch the gondolas on the water of the East and West lakes. Since being designed these buildings have been converted into open-air restaurants. They are gay in color treatment and suggestive of the exposition spirit. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Esplanade Band Stands1 By J. M. Lyall At the Architectural Bureau on the Exposition grounds a number of clever and able young designers were employed, some of them being ex-students of the École des Beaux Arts of Paris, and it was decided to give them some opportunity for individual expression in some of the minor constructions about the grounds, so that a system of competitions was instituted for designers for some of these things, among others, for the Esplanade band stands. The design executed was the work of Mr. J. M. Lyall of New York. It is thoroughly original in form and very expressive of its purpose, with its four great sounding-boards under the domed roofs and the gay and festive character of its flowery detail. Another of these competitions was for the bridge at the south end of the Venice Canal. This was the work of Mr. Frere Champney, also of New York. References 1 . Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Government Building1 From The United States Government Officers J. Knox Taylor, Superintendent This building more than any other on the grounds is Spanish-American in its architecture, directly suggesting the type of the Mexican church. It closely resembles the great Cathedral of the City of Mexico. The treatment of the columns in the portico shows the influence of the modern French spirit, and the quadriga on the dome, as well as the general form of the building, which is distinctly that of an exposition building, prevents it from being a misapplied copy. The ground-plan is the same as that of the Horticultural Group of buildings opposite, both of which were agreed upon when the plan of the grounds was laid out. It consists of a large center building with dome and two flanking square pavilions connecting with each center building by semicircular arcades. The large center mass is made picturesque by numerous small towers and gilded domes and the use of picturesque Mexican gables at the north and south ends. The stately portico fronting on the Esplanade is not only impressive in its composition, but pleasantly suggestive of the United States Capitol at Washington, a suggestion which the public of America has come to look for in every building representing the national government. References 1 . Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Ethnology Building1 By George Cary The character of this building is classic in outline, with Renaissance decorative treatment. It is situated at the eastern junction of the Grand Esplanade and the Court of Fountains. The building is circular in plan, with the main entrances on the diagonal axis; between and connecting these is a continuous colonnade with a decorative frieze over the windows. The colonnade is raised some seven feet above the level of the Grand Esplanade, giving a covered portico or loggia commanding a pleasing view. Surmounting this colonnade is a terrace, with balustrade decorated with Martiny's "Torch-Bearer. "Over each entrance is a pediment containing McNeil's ethnological group, forming the decorative motive of the tympanum, and back of and above each pediment is Phimister Proctor's "Quadriga," made by him for the United States Government Building at the Paris Exposition of 1900. The building is covered by a dome like that of the Pantheon at Rome. The dome of the Ethnology Building is capped by a decorative cresting, the highest point being 150 feet. Hidden by the cresting is the skylight opening which lights the interior. Surrounding the dome, in eight of the sixteen panels, are eagles measuring 16 feet over all, and below these are eight circular windows in the encircling shaft, lighting the upper gallery. Surmounting each of these windows, and standing below the eagles, is Brewster's ethnological group, described elsewhere. The building covers about 20,000 square feet. There are two octagonal galleries, the first one being 25 feet above the floor, and the second one 21 feet above that. These galleries and the roof terrace are made accessible by staircases located at the side of each entrance. The eight decorated piers of the interior support eight arches, forming the octagon which, with the pendatives, carries the dome. The galleries encircle the octagon, leaving all open space under the dome 80 feet in diameter and 120 feet in height. Inscriptions For Ethnology Building. • I. "Knowledge Begins In Wonder."—Plato, Aristotle, Langley. • II. "Speak To The Earth, And It Shall Teach Thee."—Job xii, 8 • III. "Nothing That Is Human Is Alien To Me."— Terence. • IV. "And Hath Made Of One Blood All Nations Of Men."—Acts xvii, 26. • V. "What a Piece Of Work is a Man!"—Shakspere, Hamlet, ii. 2. • VI. "All Are Needed By Each One."—Emerson, Each and All. • VII. "The Weakest Among Us Has a Gift."—Ruskin. • VIII. "No Se Gano' Zamora En Una Hora."—Cervantes, part ii. chap. lxxi. • IX. "O rich and various Man! thou palace of sight and sound, carrying in thy senses the morning and the night and the unfathomable galaxy; in thy brain, the geometry of the City of God; in thy heart, the bower of love and the realms of right and wrong." �References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Terraces1 By John M. Carrer of Carrère and Hastings These are four terraces running north and south on either side of the Court of Lilies and the Court of Cypresses. They were erected not only to form these retired courts and provide easy passageways from one building to another, but also to furnish elevated resting-places as points of vantage from which the public might view the illuminations and fountain effects. They were inspired by the famous architectural treatment of the lake at the Parc Monceau, Paris. The row of gaines, executed by Professor L. Amateis, which bear the trellis, is, however, a new feature. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building1 By George F. Shepley, of Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge The Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building occupies a space 350 by 500 feet, with a courtyard in the center 132 by 170 feet. A cloister extends around the interior of this courtyard, and it was intended to place in the center a fountain surrounded by statues and ornamental trees; but after the building was completed it was found necessary to roof the courtyard over in order to provide more space for exhibits. The south or principal front of the building, which is 500 feet long, faces the Court of the Cypresses. In the center of this front is placed the principal feature of the building, which is a great dome rising to a height of 130 feet, surrounded by four towers. At the corners of the building are pavilions surmounted with smaller domes. The west façade, toward the Court of the Fountains, is kept simple and low in order to give greater value to the Electric Tower at the end of the Court of Fountains. A little more prominence is given to the front on the Mall, where the entrance is under a pediment some 96 feet in height, which is surmounted by winged figures. The east front, which faces the Canal, is treated in a similar manner to the west front. The building is entered from the center of all four sides, and also from the pavilions on the corners. An arcaded loggia, with a groined ceiling, extends around the building on all sides and gives a convenient resting-place sheltered from the sun and rain. The treatment of the exterior is a free treatment of Spanish Renaissance, the idea being to give, by means of color and decoration, an expression of gaiety and lightness as far removed as possible from the serious buildings of other exhibitions held in this country. The cornice is formed by the rafters of the roof projecting over, and is treated richly with color and carving. On the front of the building, between the arches, are placed the seals of the governments of the various South American republics. Over the main entrance is a group of statuary typifying the Arts and Manufactures. This group and the winged figures over the entrance on the Mall are by Mr. Bela Pratt of Boston. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �Pergola Buildings1 By John M. Carrer, of Carrère and Hastings In the four Pergola Buildings of the Exposition a unique treatment has been applied, making a structure of heavy character look light and arbor-like from the exterior. This effect has been secured by trellis verandas on the front and back. The Pergola Buildings are adapted to serve either as exhibit buildings or as restaurants. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �Agriculture Building1 By George F. Shepley, of Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge The Agricultural Building is situated at the east of the Electric Tower, the narrow front, 150 feet in length, facing the Court of Fountains, and the principal front, 500 feet in length, on the Mall. This building is treated with great simplicity and very few features. The principal entrance is toward the Mall, facing the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. Around this entrance is the greatest amount of enrichment. The decorations are designed with fruit, vegetables, and flowers, expressing the character of the building; and the large corbels are in the form of heads of animals of the field. This idea is carried around in the decorations of the cornice. There is a loggia on the south side of the building, overlooking the Mall, formed of arches resting on single columns, with a ceiling of groined vaulting. The treatment of the exterior, like that of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, designed by the same architect, is Spanish Renaissance, adapted to express a spirit of exposition gaiety. �References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Electric Tower1 By John Galen Howard Every artistic composition, whether it be a picture, a piece of sculpture, or a group of buildings, can be said to have a focus-some Point or dominant feature which serves as a resting-place for the eye. The Electric Tower, by reason of its height and its central position, is such a focus in the midst of the main group of buildings of the Pan­ American Exposition. Since this may be called the Age of Electricity, it was fitting that the focal point of the Exposition should be so designed as to afford an opportunity of accentuating that fact by a lavish display of electric power. This display is in the form of a majestic fountain and a scheme of brilliant illumination. The source of the power is Niagara, and this is suggested not alone by the fountain and the basin at the base of the tower, but by various groups of statuary in the wings, which have been designed to symbolize the great bodies of water which are tributary to the stupendous cataract. The following groups occupy the niches at the extreme ends of the curved wings, and are arranged from west to east in order: Lake Michigan, by Mr. Louis A. Gudebrod; Lake Superior, by Mr. Philip Martiny; Lake Ontario, by Mr. Ralph Goddard; Lake St. Clair, by Mr. Henry Baerer; Lake Huron, by Mr. Philip Martiny; Lake Erie, by Mr. Carl E. Tefft. The spandrels of the niche in the south face of the tower and the smaller ones above the arch of entrance on the north side were modeled by Mr. Adolph A. Weinman, under the direction of Mr. Karl Bitter. They represent the four rivers Niagara, Buffalo, St. Lawrence, and St. Clair. The keystones of these arches were modeled by the same sculptor. Another feature of the sculptural embellishment of the tower which deserves special note is the Pan-American escutcheon on the south front of the shaft of the tower, above the water niche. This was modeled by Mr. Philip Martiny and Mr. Michele Giusti. Mr. Martiny was also the sculptor of the torch-bearers crowning the four corners of the terminal pavilions, and of the groups typifying Progress which embellish the pyramidal pylons on the east, west, and north sides of the tower. The groups ornamenting the pylons on the south side adjoining the water niche were modeled by Mr. George Gray Barnard, and typify "The Great Waters in the Time of the Indian" and "The Great Waters in the Time of the White Man." The frieze with children, garlands of fruit, and eagles, beneath the loggia at the top of the shaft, was executed by Mr. Karl Bitter. The Goddess of Light which crowns the tower is the design of Mr. Herbert Adams, and is 16 feet in height. The total height of the tower is 389 feet. The shaft of the tower is 77 ½ feet square at the base and is built with steel framework, the walls being of staff. The colonnades which form the curved wings at the sides of the tower have an extreme width of 255 feet. The promenades on these colonnades afford a fine view of the court and the other main buildings. If one approaches the tower from the north, he may cross a bridge, enter, and take an elevator to the lantern at a level of 252 feet, which commands a superb outlook of the Exposition and the surrounding country. Aside from its function as an observatory, the interior of the tower is made of service to the people by means of restaurants. As regards the architectural design of the Electric Tower, it may be called essentially American. As in the other buildings, use has here been made of classic and Renaissance forms, and certain "influences" may perhaps be pointed out by the critic; but the tower cannot be said to have been designed in any strictly defined traditional "style." It shows the trend of thought in this country, and may be taken as an example of modern American architecture. �References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Old Spanish Mission1 By John Galen Howard This reproduction of an old Spanish mission is situated south of the Stadium and directly northeast of the northeastern turn of the environing Canal. It is built in the style of the old Spanish missions, the east wing being almost a reproduction of the Mission of Santa Barbara, California. A chapel, cloisters, courts, and a shop, arranged about a garden on the banks of the Canal, compose the group, the walls stained with age, and the tiled roof green with moss. A low, heavy tower with tiled dome, the walls thick and low, with window openings grilled with heavy wooden bars, suggest Father Salvierderra in "Ramona" and the abode of the Franciscan monks of to-day. Fully in keeping is the lavishly planted garden, picturesque in its pointed cedars, its cocoanut- trees, palms, and plants imported from the tropics, while a fountain graces the center, about which are grouped marble columns Supporting branching beams, on which are perched gay-plumaged parrots and macaws. Entering from the dike-walk on the Canal side, and passing through the arch under the tower, this garden is reached. Shut out at once from all the stir and whirl of the Exposition, surrounded by flowers and brilliantly colored birds, and the green of tropical trees, one is in some measure prepared for the quiet pictures within the building. To the west of the garden the shop is entered, with walls wainscoted with patterns in the style of old Cordova leathers, and hung with scenery papers suggesting a landscape of forests and distant mountains. The chapel, wainscoted with marble and rich with columns of mosaic and marble, serves as a fitting frame for the beautiful windows of the Leland Stanford Junior University of California, which is built in the mission style of architecture. These windows were executed in an artist's studio in New York, and were to be placed this summer; but Mrs. Stanford has permitted their exhibition here before installing them in the university building. Looking through the archways south of the garden, a cloistered court is seen, about which implements of the farm are picturesquely arranged, suggesting the early monastic days when the brothers of the mission tilled the land, and worked in the shops among brilliant colors and artistic surroundings, with music and flowers and gardens to make their day's labor a pleasure, and their life one of peace and quiet and repose. And over all hangs the bell, whose story, so well told by Bessie Chandler, would seem to bring the legend home to us to-day. The Two Bells Long years ago, so runs the ancient story, Two bells were sent from Spain to that far clime New found beyond the sea, that, to God's glory, And in his house, together they might chime. �2 And to this day one bell is safely swinging Within its shelt'ring tower, where, clear and free, It hallows each day with its mellow ringing. The other bell, the mate, was lost at sea. 3 And when in gentle chimes the bell is pealing, The people listen; for they say they hear An echo from the distant ocean stealing: It is the lost one's answer, faint, yet clear. Bessie Chandler. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Plaza1 By Walter Cook, of Babb, Cook & Willard The square to which the name of the Plaza has been given is a nearly isolated unit of the general composition, being situated at its extreme north end, on a somewhat lower level than the parts immediately touching it. For this reason, and on account of the very intimate connection between the buildings and the square which they surround, the entire treatment of both buildings and grounds was put in the same hands- the one exception to the general rule which prevailed elsewhere. The Electrical Tower of Mr. Howard, which dominates, and was meant to dominate, the whole scheme, terminates the Plaza on the south side. The other buildings have purposely been kept somewhat smaller in scale and less monumental in character, in order to give to the tower its full value. And as the tower on the southside faces the Court of Fountains, in which water is the great feature, the Plaza itself has been treated without basins or fountains, in order to secure a contrast of treatment. The middle of the square is occupied by a Sunken Garden, surrounded by a double balustrade inclosing a terrace from which steps descend to the garden itself, the center of which is occupied by a band-stand. The four corners of the terrace are occupied by pavilions, which are intended to be let to concessionaires. The whole is intended to form a resting-place for visitors out of the direct line of communication. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Restaurant Buildings and Arcades1 By Walter Cook, of Babb, Cook & Willard On either side or the square are buildings closely resembling one an- other, and having a double use. The lower part of each is largely an open arcade, forming the entrance on the one side to the Midway, and on the other to the Stadium. The remainder of these buildings serve as restaurants. The style of architecture adopted in these buildings is freely reminiscent of Spanish examples, and of their descendants in Spanish America, while no single building bas been taken as a prototype. The character of the exhibition, in which only the Americas are represented, naturally suggested this inspiration, which is indeed evident in many other parts of the grounds. And it is this character which suggested calling the little square the Plaza. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Stadium1 By Walter Cook, of Babb, Cook & Willard In the mass of this amphitheater a great simplicity of style has been followed. The exterior is a series of columns with arches between; the seats in the interior back up against this arcade, and are terminated by a sort of attic, forming a promenade around the entire building, covered with gaily colored awnings and decorated with flags. On the east the Colonnade becomes an open screen, giving a view through it to the fields beyond, and with openings, each of which is provided with a portcullis. When these are open they afford entrance to the various cavalcades or processions which are to give representations during the Exposition. On the west end is the main entrance, and above this the tribune, in which the seats are covered by a roof. This feature contains the festal part of the Stadium; the forms are light, representing in part bronze (while those in the Stadium proper are stone forms), and here the greatest amount of color and decoration has been used, the general idea being to accent this motive and make it contrast by its gaiety with the comparative simplicity of the rest of the building. The dimensions of the Stadium are, length, about 680 feet, and width, 450 feet. The arena has been laid out to obtain a quarter-mile running-track. Its extreme dimensions are about 569 feet in length and 260 feet in width. The seating capacity is about 12,000. It is intended to reproduce the spirit of the Pan-Athenaic Stadium cut in the side of Mount Pentelicus, near Athens. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Propylæa1 By Walter Cook, of Babb, Cook & Willard The north side of the Plaza is occupied by a colonnade surmounted by a sort of pergola with green vines and flanked by two large archways giving access from the railroad station. This structure, to which the name of the Propylæa has been given, forms the northerly end of the whole architectural composition of the Exposition. It is treated in a very free style, as regards the two archways especially, and seeks above all to manifest the Exposition character and be a gay festival entrance to a great fair. In the buildings themselves but little statuary has been used; on the other hand, both statues and vases are employed freely in the treatment of the balustrades, and under the colonnade of the Propylæa. The visitors to the Stadium pass under the arcade of the building on the east side of the Plaza, traverse a small open-air vestibule defined by balustrades, and enter the Stadium itself. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Electricity Building1 By Green & Wicks In style and spirit the Electricity Building is similar to the Machinery Building, by the same architects. The endeavor has been made to adapt the Spanish mission style of building, together with Renaissance features, to the purposes of the modern exposition and to add to it an air of gaiety and color. The architectural features of the Electricity Building recur in the Machinery Building, and are set forth under that head. The Electricity Building is 500 feet in length, 150 feet in width, and 160 feet in height. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Bazaar Building1 By William Welles Bosworth Situated beyond the Canal at the junction of the Mall and the Midway, and fronting on the Midway, was the only large building outside the main scheme which was built by the Exposition Company. Destined for the exhibit and sale of all sorts of bijoux and souvenirs, the character of the design was studied to express a gaiety and "laisser aller" spirit consistent with the uses of the building. To express this spirit no style in the history of architecture is so well adapted as that of the French trellis-decorated buildings of the epoch of Louis xv, though it is dangerous when not used with restraint, being the expression of a generation renowned for moral decadence. When used as in this instance, where it is merely applied as surface decoration to a building composed with strong structural masses of wall surfaces in their relation to openings and great simplicity of architectural line and silhouette, it has great charm. The groups of children surmounting the balustrade, as well as the decorative bronzed figures in the niches between the windows, are the work of the sculptor Isidore Konti. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Acetylene Building1 William Welles Bosworth The Acetylene Building, situated on the Mall at the west of the Machinery Building and across the Canal, was built by the Exposition Company for the exhibits of the acetylene industry. Just opposite from the Bazaar Building, it shows an interesting contrast in architectural style. The main structural elements are equally simple and frank; ample openings for light give it the museum or exhibit-building character, while the seriousness of the nature of its exhibits is expressed by the reserve with which the ornament is applied in well-defined architectural limits, and the particular nature of the exhibits is made evident to the careful observer in the symbolism of the ornaments themselves. The evolution of lighting methods is worked out in the ornaments around the windows, from the fire brand below up through the candle and classic lamp to the acetylene burner at the top, while above the cornice are groups of children holding acetylene torches which light the globe by M. Loester.1 The Acetylene Building. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5 (September 1901) p. 472. �To exhibit and promote the benefits of commercial and domestic use of acetylene gas over traditional fuels, a stand-alone building was constructed opposite the Bazaar Building, just west of the Electricity and Machinery Buildings. The Acelylene Building held exhibits by the Union Carbide company, which distributed the pamplet "The Story of Acetylene." References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Machinery Building1 By Green & Wicks In considering a style of architecture for the Machinery Building the thought impressed itself of the fundamental idea of the Exposition - Pan-American: that is, a style expressive of "all the Americas." The logical thing to do, therefore, was to adopt the Spanish-American Renaissance, the typical style of architecture of this continent. It is a style that lends itself readily to exposition buildings, for it is not too serious and can readily be made gay and expressive of the exposition spirit. The mission building is the product of that period in Mexico and Lower California when the Jesuits and Franciscan friars practically ruled the country. They built many of these low, comfortable, arcaded, cloister-like structures. The early types, however, are too somber, though well suited, with their great covering-space, low roofs, and cool arcades, for exposition buildings. The style needs enlivenment, ornament, and color. These qualities have been taken from later and more pretentious Spanish buildings. The Machinery Building was built around a court intended to be the chief feature of the building, as it was in the old Spanish structures, their peculiar charm being due to this quiet, retired court, with its flowers and pools of water. The court, however, in this case has been taken for exposition purposes, owing to the demand for greater space by exhibitors. The façade of the building presents an arcaded, cloister-like appearance, the oak-timbered overhanging eaves producing the shadow. In the center of each face are placed the important entrances. On the north and south façade the entrances are flanked with towers, which form the most noticeable feature. The entrances between these towers are ornamented with single and double columns. They are flanked by arcades extending each way to the low corner pavilions. These are also used as entrances, and are ornamented in the manner of the Spanish Renaissance. The roofs are covered with the typical Spanish mission tile, and the window openings with copies of the wrought-iron work peculiar to the Spanish style of building. The Machinery Building is 500 feet long by 350 feet wide, and the highest towers are 170 feet in height. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Temple of Music1 Designed By Esenwein & Johnson The south front of the Temple of Music faces on the East Esplanade, the east front upon the Main Court. It corresponds on the general plan to the Ethnology Building, which occupies the corresponding position on the east side of the Main Court, and the motif of its design is similar. The ground-plan of the building is Square, being 150 feet on a side. It is surmounted by a dome 180 feet high, suggestive in proportions of the dome of the Pantheon at Rome. In treatment the building is highly ornate. It is profusely decorated with pilasters sculptured in relief, and over each of the four pediments is a sculptured group by Konti. The auditorium of the building seats twenty-two hundred people, and contains one of the largest organs built in the United States. The building is used for musical recitals and choruses. The Temple of Music also has the infamous distinction of being the building in which President William McKinley was shot by anarchist Leon Czolgosz on Sept. 6, 1901. �Temple of Music as seen Through the Colonnade. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan­ American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Horticultural Group1 Designed By R. S. Peabody, of Peabody & Stearns The Horticultural Group, so called, including the Horticultural Building and the Graphic Arts and Mines pavilions, corresponds in plan to the Government Group, and was designed to balance with it on the west end of the Esplanade. Its type of architecture is more suggestive of the buildings of northern Italy than of Spanish America. The loggias of the Graphic Arts and Mines pavilions are reproductions of the Villa Madonna at Rome, one of the most graceful of the productions of the Italian Renaissance. The modeling of the vaulted ceilings of these loggias is remarkably fine for exposition work, and the color treatment here is especially successful. In general composition the main building is formed on the plan of a Greek cross, with four huge arches on the principal axes and small octagonal pavilions filling in the corners. Above the whole rises a cupola, surmounted by an airy lantern. The entrance from the Esplanade is framed under an ample pediment ornamented with rich decorations in relief, and, picked out in color like the majolica work of Italy, it forms a beautiful background to the Fountain of Nature. The extreme height of the building is 240 feet. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The New York State Building1 By George Cary The New York State Building is situated on the north side of the west bay of the park lake, near the Elmwood Avenue entrance. Used as the New York State Building during the Exposition, it is to remain afterward a permanent building for the Buffalo Historical Society. The building is of white Vermont marble, in the classic order of architecture known as the Greek Doric, being of the same order as the Parthenon at Athens, by Pericles. This would seem best to harmonize with the Albright Art Gallery on the opposite side of the water, designed in the spirit of the Erechtheum, which stands with the Parthenon on the Acropolis. The Greek Doric is suggestive of solidity and force, has little carving, and its lines are all curved slightly upward. As exhibited in the monuments of the age of Pericles at Athens, the Greek Doric combines with solidity and force the most subtle and delicate refinement of outlines and proportions that architecture has known. The building is a rectangle about 120 x 80 feet, and 50 feet high. On the north front is located the statue "Aspiration," by Mrs. Harry Paine Whitney. The northern façade is faced with three-quarter columns, and the entrance is through a vestibule, the bronze doors of which were the gift of the president of the Buffalo Historical Society, Mr. Andrew Langdon. The panels in these doors, representing "History" and "Ethnology," are the work of Perry. On the south, dividing the paths leading to the park, are Andersen's equestrian groups called "Progress," and between these two on the axis of the building is Andersen's bronze group termed "Affinity." As the starting-point of the grand marble staircase leading up to the southern entrance stands Elwell's statue of "Intelligence," described elsewhere. The southern entrance is through a portico 61 x feet, embellished by ten Doric columns, and commanding a view of the park lake, the electric fountains, and the park. The floor-level is taken 7 feet above ground to the north, while to the south the grade is kept at the ground-level of the basement, so as to get good light, and to enter the bicycle-room and other rooms of the basement direct. The height of the basement is 14 feet. Here is the dining-room, facing the park to the south, the bicycle-room, kitchen, and janitor's quarters (entered from the hall and from outside), also boiler-rooms, etc., and the storage room to the west, under the audience-hall. The ground or first floor is 15 feet high. Here is the audience-hall, which seats 250 persons. The library occupies the eastern end of the building on this floor, and between the library and the audience-hall is the grand hall, stairway, and gallery. This grand hall, finished in black marble and gold, the largest room on this floor, may be given over to museum purposes, opening up into the upper floor to be used for larger relics. North of this grand hall is the lobby, giving access to the governor's room to the east, a committee-room to the west, to cloak-rooms and toilet-rooms, as well as an entrance to all the other rooms on this floor. The second floor runs up into the roof, making the rooms 18 feet high. It is lighted entirely by skylights, and will be used for museum purposes. �The building is absolutely fire-proof. It is planned to accommodate not only the ultimate needs of the Historical Society, but also the immediate needs of the Exposition. It is provided with a heating and ventilating plant, and is lighted by a thousand electric lights. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �The Fire-Proof Art Building1 By Green & Wicks The Art Building is built of rough red brick, of attractive color, laid in a wide joint. Its central architectural feature is the Statuary Court in the interior. The architectural details of the exterior are Spanish Renaissance, resembling those of the palace in Palma, on the island of Majorca. The cornice of the building is old brown oak. Surrounding the structure, at the level of the first floor, are niches containing antique statues. The Art Building is 220 feet in length, 105 feet in width, and 34 feet in height. This structure was erected to provide temporarily for the exhibits of fine arts when an unforeseen delay in securing the marble for the Albright Art Gallery made it impossible to complete that building in time for the Exposition. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. �State, Foreign, and Auxiliary Buildings1 The Forestry Building Designed by the Exposition Architectural Bureau. —The Forestry Building is situated northwest and adjacent to the Indian Mound, which is conspicuous in the southeastern corner of the Exposition grounds. It was intended to house the forestry exhibit in the south pavilion of the Horticultural Group, now known as the Mines Building, but a change in this plan was necessitated, and a separate structure was erected. The Forestry Building is built of logs in the manner of the settlers' log cabins. It is 150 feet long by 100 feet wide, and presents an interesting contrast with the complex and highly developed examples of architecture in the Main Court. Ohio State Building A low, gracefully proportioned building, with wide verandas, classic in treatment, designed by John Eisemann, Cleveland, Ohio. Illinois State Building A combination of the classic and Italian Renaissance styles, designed by J. M. White of Champaign, Illinois. Honduras Building A pavilion, Spanish in style, with cupola treatment of roof. Cuban Building Spanish Renaissance, with dome, designed by James Ackerman of Buffalo. �Chile Building Built of structural steel and closed in with glass, designed by C. I. Williams of Dayton, Ohio. Porto Rican Building A small pavilion of staff, with beams and ornamental timbers disclosed. Pennsylvania State Building An attractive structure, colonial in styles, with cupola, designed by the State Superintendent of Grounds and Buildings, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. New England States Building This structure, representing the New England States combined, is a type of early New England colonial building, colored to give the effect of red brick and white marble. It was designed by Josephine W. Chapman of Boston, Massachusetts. Guatemalan Building A square frame structure, classic in treatment. Santo Domingo Building A small frame structure, painted in white and cream, designed by C. I. Williams of Dayton, Ohio. �Michican State Building A handsome structure, pure colonial in style, designed by George H. Barbour of Detroit, Michigan. New Jersey State Building A small structure, Spanish in treatment, designed by A. C. Jenkinson of Newark, New Jersey. Ecuador Building Noticeable by its high gable and Queen Anne style of outline, designed by James & Leo of New York City. Minnesota State Building Spanish Renaissance in treatment, designed by Dudley & Beardsley of Buffalo, New York. WISCONSIN STATE BUILDING Classic roof and Gothic treatment of windows and doorways, designed by A. C. Clas of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Dakota State Building The striking feature of this building is a castellated tower, the remainder of the structure being accorded a Spanish treatment. �Mexican Building An attractive building of Spanish architecture. Knights Of The Maccabees Building A small but pleasant structure, Spanish Renaissance in style. A. O. U. W. Building Spanish in treatment, with second story open to serve as roof garden. Ordinance Building Spanish in treatment, designed by the United States Government Architectural Bureau, J. Knox Taylor, Superintendent. Dairy Building A reproduction of a Swiss chalet, designed by the Exposition Architectural Bureau. Service Building Spanish in style, designed by the Exposition Architectural Bureau. �Larkin Soap Building The main structure is classic in treatment, and is surmounted by a dome in the spirit of the Italian Renaissance, designed by Lansing & Beierl of Buffalo, New York. References 1. Text quoted directly from the Art Hand-Book, Official Handbook of Architecture and Sculpture and Art Catalogue to the Pan-American Exposition. Ed. David Gray. Buffalo, N.Y.: David Gray, 1901. Sources of the images are noted with each. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Visual Landscape of the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource Visual culture at the Pan-American Exposition was richly represented throughout the grounds, with the use of architecture and sculpture as well as artistic exhibits and galleries of fine art. Such visual exhibits were primarily the work of artists from the United States, although significant contributions were made by other "Pan-American" countries like Canada, Mexico and Chile. The Albright Art Gallery, building of marble designed to resemble the temples of Ancient Greece, was to be constructed on the Exposition grounds and was intended to house the Exhibit of Fine Arts. That it was not completed in time for the Exposition was not lost upon Exposition visitors, as this imposing building's construction was itself, an exhibit. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-the-visual-landscape Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibition buildings--New York (State)--Buffalo Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Architecture--New York (State)--Buffalo Exhibitions--Social aspects--New York (State)--Buffalo--History Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/6babe552d06d8043cc18e01572085cee.pdf b724fb7e57865d8b2e18d6f6dae8a676 PDF Text Text Immigrant Communities of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition The immigrant1 settlements of Buffalo must have felt a particular interest in the PanAmerican Exposition, because they found both their countries of origin and the United States depicted in new and interesting ways. Because Buffalo was a major transportation hub in the 19th century and early 20th century, immigrants and their families made up a large and growing portion of the population. The participation of Buffalo's ethnic populations in the Pan-American Exposition varied. There were prominent citizens like Mayor Conrad Diehl, and George Urban, Jr., both of whom were sons of German immigrants, serving on the Exposition's Board of Directors. The more infamous Leon Czolgosz, who was of Polish descent and whose actions as the assassin of President William McKinley, deeply shamed and angered Buffalo's Polish community. Czolgosz was not a resident of Buffalo, but has certainly become linked to the city and the Exposition. Nina Morgana Less prominent but no less influential were the laborers who dug the canals and operated the railroads as well as those recruited to work in the concessions as waiters, entertainers, and other employees. One such employee, Nina Morgana, was the daughter of Italian immigrants to Buffalo, and as a child sang at the "Venice in America" exhibit. She would eventually go on to perform with the Metropolitan Opera. Many immigrants traveled to Buffalo in 1901, expressly to work in the exhibits and concessions on the Midway. Examples are the Bavarian brass band members at "Alt Nürnberg," and the gondoliers at the "Venice in America" concession. Although Buffalo was a relatively progressive city at the turn of the century, there is little question that these exhibits promoted the ethnic stereotypes typical of 1901 America. Exposition planners and promoters had little use for cultural sensitivity, since their exhibits were designed to draw crowds and make money. Thus, the "exotic" nature of various ethnic cultures and the stereotypical behavior of their employees was emphasized and encouraged. For many fairgoers, these "exhibits" were their first exposure to foreign culture.2 �This component of the online exhibit is limited to addressing four of the larger immigrant communities existing in Buffalo at the time of the Pan-American Exposition: • German • Italian • Polish • Irish Admittedly, the exhibit is heavily weighted toward participation of the more prominent members of these ethnic communities. For instance, the German-American population of Buffalo had become quite prominent in business and politics by 1901, so of course, there is quite a bit of information available. Other ethnic groups, Buffalo's Italian, Polish and Irish populations, still dominated the skilled and unskilled labor fields of the working class at the turn of the century. Certainly these groups were represented in some capacity at the Exposition, as builders, concession workers, police and firemen, etc. However, evidence and artifacts related to those who actually "worked" to build and operate the fair have not been as forthcoming. Indeed, readers with any such information are encouraged to contact this exhibit's Web Development Team since our research in this area is ongoing. Notes: 1. Buffalo as in many other cities, ethnic populations formed communities within communities, thus maintaining strong ties to many cultural and ethnic traditions. In this online exhibit, the term "immigrant" is not limited to those born in another country but includes multiple generations within a particular ethnic community. 2. There were dozens of cultures represented at the Exposition. Some, like the "Esquimaux Village" and "Beautiful Orient" were isolated to the midway. Other countries, like Mexico, had midway attractions as well as more culturally accurate representation in the Ethnology exhibits and Mexico's own commissioned building. It is unfortunate that we do not have the resources or information available to comprehensively exhibit information on all of these areas. We will, however update our listing of related links as more resources on cultural representation at the Pan-American Exposition become available. Related Resources • Cuba at the Pan-Am. Matthew Kirisits. Available online at UB and the Pan American Exposition, University at Buffalo. http://ubpanam.buffalo.edu/cuba/cuba.html. As of 2005, The above link is no longer live. Please refer to the archived version of Mr. Kirisits' work at http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://ubpanam.buffalo.edu/cuba/cuba.html �The German Community of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition German immigrants had been arriving in Buffalo in significant numbers since its early days with many becoming prosperous in areas of business and politics. By 1901 some of the leading entrepeneurs in the brewing, flour milling, tanning and meat-packing industries were first or second generation German-Americans. It is not surprising that many of these leaders were in some way involved in nearly all aspects of the Pan-American Exposition. • Buffalo's German-led Industry • Buffalo's German-American Leaders and the Pan-American Exposition • German Culture in 1901 Buffalo • Alt Nurnberg: German Culture on the Midway Buffalo's German-led Industry Buffalo's German population in 1901 included a number of very influential, often wealthy businessmen, many of whom attained prominance through the business dominated by Buffalo's German population throughout the 19th century--brewing. In the 1840's small plants had first been established by such Buffalo brewing pioneers Jacob Roos, J. F. Schanzlin and Hoffman, and Joseph Friedman. By the latter part of the nineteenth century, however, breweries with names like Germania, Magnus-Beck, Gerhard-Lang, and the German-American Brewing Company were successfully competing with their counterparts in cities like Milwaukee. In 1896, Buffalo's 19 breweries produced an output of 652,340 barrels. The majority of these companies were still managed by German­ American founders and/or their descendents. William Simon, Edward G. Becker, Alois and Philip Schaeffer, Charles Pankow, Christian Trapp, Col. John L. Schwarts--all were big names in the brewing industry who were also prominent Buffalo citizens. Advertisement for Maltosia. Produced by the German-American Brewing Company Source: Deutsch-Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. Buffalo und sein Deutschtum : Deutsch- Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. [Buffalo, N.Y.?] : Die Gesellschaft], 1911-1912. �Buffalo's brewers were major investors in the Pan-American Exposition as well. According to the Buffalo Commerical, by February 1, 1899, Buffalo brewers had purchased $55,800 in subscriptions of Pan-American Exposition stock. German-American Brewery. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: A History of the City of Buffalo : Its Men and Institutions : Biographical Sketches of Leading Citizens. Buffalo, N.Y. : Buffalo Evening News, 1908. p.135 The Magnus-Beck Brewery. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: A History of the City of Buffalo : Its Men and Institutions : Biographical Sketches of Leading Citizens. Buffalo, N.Y. : Buffalo Evening News, 1908. p.132. Of course, brewing was not the only area where Buffalo's german population excelled. By 1901 the city also boasted German-American leaders like Charles Fix (business & politics), Frank Snyder (trucking and cartage), Edward G. Becker (brewing & banking), George Zimmerman (lumber & banking) Christian Klinck and Jacob Dold (meatpacking), F.C.M. Lautz (soap), Jacob Schoellkopf and Sons (tanning, flour mills, hydro-electric power, brewing, banking, etc.), George Urban Jr. (flour mills, hydro-electric power), and Christian and Louis Stephen Kurtzmann (pianos). Conrad Diehl, the mayor of Buffalo in 1901, was also of German descent. The Kurtzmann Factories, Buffalo, N.Y. Source: Deutsch-Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. Buffalo und sein Deutschtum : Deutsch- Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. [Buffalo, N.Y.?] : Die Gesellschaft], 1911-1912. �Louis Stephen Kurtzmann, President of C. Kurtzmann & Co., Manufacturer of Pianos. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Men of Buffalo: A Collection of Portraits of Men Who Deserve to Rank as Typical Representatives of the Best Citizenship, Foremost Activities and Highest Aspirations of the City of Buffalo. Chicago: A.N. Marquis & Co., 1902, p.257. Buffalo's German-American Leaders and the Pan-American Exposition Because the Pan-American Exposition was, after all, a way to show off the city and its industries, many of these individuals worked hard to bring the to Buffalo. Four members of the Board of Directors of the Exposition were either German or of German descent--Conrad Diehl, August Esenwein, George Urban, Jr., and F.C.M. Lautz. Conrad Diehl, Mayor of Buffalo August Carl Esenwein, Architect. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: DeutschAmerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. Buffalo und sein Deutschtum : Deutsch- Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. [Buffalo, N.Y.?] : Die Gesellschaft], 1911-1912. Frederick C. M. Lautz. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Men of Buffalo: A Collection of Portraits of Men Who Deserve to Rank as Typical Representatives of the Best Citizenship, Foremost Activities and Highest Aspirations of the City of Buffalo. Chicago: A.N. Marquis & Co., 1902, p. 286. George Urban, Jr. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: A History of the City of Buffalo : Its Men and Institutions : Biographical Sketches of Leading Citizens. Buffalo, N.Y. : Buffalo Evening News, 1908, p. 192. �The architect who designed the Temple of Music, August Esenwein, was from Germany, as were many of the musicians and directors who performed at the Pan American Exposition. The huge "Saengerfest" or festival of German choral music, which took place during the Exposition, brought at least ten thousand people to the fair. "Alt Nürnberg", or "old Nuremberg," replicated several historic buildings in Nuremberg, as well as a large open-air restaurant and concert area on the Midway. Within the buildings were reproductions of artwork and other cultural treasures of Germany. The Exposition Illuminated German Americans were an influential group in Buffalo society at the time, and they had reason for pride in their representation at the Pan-American Exposition. German Culture in 1901 Buffalo German settlers in Buffalo started forming singing societies before the Civil War. By 1901, these included the Buffalo Sängerbund, Liedertafel, Liederkranz, Germania Singing Society, Orpheus, and the Harugari Männerchor. From June 24 to 27, 1901, Buffalo welcomed a huge crowd of German-American singers from all over North America, for the 1901 Saengerfest. F. C. M Lautz led the organizational effort, while John Lund conducted the enormous adult choir, and Joseph Mischka, an immigrant from Bohemia (then part of Austria-Hungary) and, in 1901, Director of Music for the Buffalo School System, directed about 3500 children in a concert at the 74th Regiment (now the Connecticut Street Armory) - the only building large enough to accommodate the concerts. John Lund, Conductor. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Geschichte der Deutschen in Buffalo und Erie County, N.Y. / mit biographien und illustrationen hervorragender Deutsch- Amerikaner, welche zur Entwickelung der Stadt Buffalo beigetragen haben. (History of the Germans of Buffalo and Erie County). Buffalo, N.Y. : Reinecke & Zesch, 1897 (1898 printing), p. 172. �Alt Nürnberg: German Culture on the Midway View of the Restaurant at Alt Nürnberg.Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 476 Bavarian Guard at Alt Nürnberg.Photographer: C.D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p. 10. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant "Alt Nürnberg", or "old Nuremberg," replicated several historic buildings in Nuremberg, as well as a large open-air restaurant and concert area on the Midway. Within the buildings were reproductions of artwork and other cultural treasures of Germany. Alt Nürnberg on the Midway. Photographer: C.D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. p. 110. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �View of Alt Nürnberg. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 486 Other sources Information on the history of Germans and German-Americans in Buffalo include: 1. Susan Kriegbaum-Hanks' website Archivaria.com looks at the history of the Geman Community in Buffalo, including discussion of the German singing societies. 2. Geschichte der Deutschen in Buffalo und Erie County, N.Y. / mit biographien und illustrationen hervorragender Deutsch- Amerikaner, welche zur Entwickelung der Stadt Buffalo beigetragen haben. (History of the Germans of Buffalo and Erie County). Buffalo, N.Y. : Reinecke & Zesch, 1897 (1898 printing) 3. Deutsch-Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. Buffalo und sein Deutschtum : DeutschAmerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft. [Buffalo, N.Y.?] : Die Gesellschaft], 1911-1912. �The Italian Community of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition Buffalo's "Little Italy" Of the major ethnic groups populating Buffalo at the turn of the century, the Italians were by far the newest immigrants to the city, with the first large groups having arrived in the mid-1880's. A colony known as "Little Italy" developed on the city's West Side, in the extreme southwest corner of Main Street, extending from Niagara Street's northern tip westward to the waterfront. Most residents of this crowded and often crime-ridden area "Canal Zone" hailed from Sicilian coastal towns. Smaller settlements of Italian immigrants developed on the east side and farther north, although these areas were settled by natives of Basilicata, Calabria and Campania. For the most part, these Italian enclaves were segregated from Buffalo society, even from the other ethnic communities inhabiting the city. Indeed, of the ethnic groups populating Buffalo during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Italians were the most residentially segregated. While this fostered a sense of identity among Italians, it also " facilitated their exclusion from Buffalo's wider social life.1 Horace O. (Orazio) Lanza. Class of 1901, Dept. of Law, University of Buffalo, Class "Orator". Photographer: UnidentifiedSource: Iris (yearbook) vol. 4 "Pan-American edition," 1901. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo Archives. Italians were not well represented in the police force or in the political life of Buffalo. Supporting a family required considerable ingenuity, and usually several wage-earners, so most young people were unable to attend school beyond age 13. A few Italian immigrants had become doctors and lawyers and entrepreneurs in Buffalo; the whole community celebrated when became the first Italian graduate of University at Buffalo Law School in 1901. Most of Buffalos' Italians (69%)2 were employed as laborers, in most cases seasonal outdoor laborers. Virginia Yans- McLaughlan attributes this to the agrarian background of most of the Italians who emmigrated to Buffalo from the southern portions of Italy. "Most Italian men chose outdoor work, to which their cultural background permitted a ready adjustment.... A small upper class, 1 percent of of working-age first-generation males, headed the occupational hierarchy. Macaroni manufacturers, who exploited Buffalo's importance as a grain port, and produce merchants, who profited from the city's location near northwestern New York's fruit belt, were in this elite group.... Real estate dealers in this elite group sold homes in the Italian quarter to Italians; doctors, lawyers, a few bankers and businessmen served the expanding needs of the immigrant community and established their reputations within it's confines.... �Little Italy's most successful men owed their achievements to expertise obtained abroad of to the tastes and needs of the ethnic community. [During this period] very few distinguished themselves in the world outside the ghetto." July 13. 1901 p.7, col.2 Buffalo Maeearoni & Vermicelli Works. H. Messersmith, 302 - 310 Michigan ST. Non perdete tempo ad ammobigliare la vostra casa per la Pan-American Un letto con rete o materasso per $4.65 Il piu' grande buon mercatoal mondo Com modi di querciasolida a specchio Francesc per $6.35 Tavole da Cucina $1.25 Sedic da camera da pranzo per 85c e piu' Louis (or Luigi) Onetto was a prominent Buffalo businessman, an importer and manufacturer of pasta. This advertisement appeared in the July 13, 1901 edition of Il Corriere Italiano. 3 �Whereas 87% of working-age males in Buffalo's Italian community worked in the "lower echelons of the occupational hierarchy,"[s]killed workers—tailors, shoemakers, building trades—headed this group.4 In fact, these were all trades locally associated with Italians. It is not surprising then to find that Italian immigrants in Buffalo worked as stonecutters, skilled craftsmen, and laborers in the construction of the Pan-American Exposition. Buffalo's Italians and the Pan-American Exposition In addition to their contributions in building the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo's Italians were represented by the many who staffed the Midway concession, "Venice in America." The gondoliers and mandolinists, some hired directly from Italy, some from the Italian community in Buffalo, were a memorable part of the Exposition. "Venice in America" highlighted many of the cultural treasures of Italy. Some of the mandolinists or guitarists employed at the Venice in America concession were: Antonio Gugino, Giuseppe Leone, Ciro Laduca, Luigi Lomanto, Liborio Maggio, Giuseppe Ortolani, Salvatore Ortolani, Giuseppe Vacanti. The following excerpt from Richard Barry's The Granduers of the Exposition, certainly romanticized "Venice in America". "Venice in American is the chief landing dock of the boats that make the most delightful trip within the Exposition grounds: the canal route that circumnavigates the rainbow city by day and the city of light by night. The Venetian gondoliers chant their gay songs there, and many a carol of midnight joy rings across the silent water. Not even the clearest, softest note from the silvery throat of the most celebrated contralto can equal the lustrous diapason of delicious melody that floats as free and languorous from the lips of those Venetian boatmen and laughing soubrettes as the song of the red-breasted thrush at daybreak. It dies away in the night air like the memory of a dream while in the distance, with soft lamps from the neighboring bazaars shedding their soft radiance on the canal, and with boatloads of people gliding through the luminous water to tinkling guitars and clattering castanets buxom girls in blue dance and blithesome tarantella."5 Strolling Musicians in "Venice in America". Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol.31, no. 5 (September 1901), p.479. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Scenes of Venice in America Gondolas on canal in Venice in America. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Richard Barry. The Granduers of the Exposition. Buffalo, N.Y. : Robert Allen Reid, 1901. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo Archives. Musicians in "Venice in America".Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan-Am Scrapbook. n.p.: 1901? Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant.. Nina Morgana was another Buffalo resident recruited to perform in "Venice in America." Morgana was known as Baby (or Child) Patti during her early years in Buffalo, after the famous singer Adelina Patti. Contemporary articles claimed that she was from Italy, but most souces state that she was born in Buffalo. Morgana sang locally in Buffalo churches and schools from the age of four, but her performances at the Pan-American Exposition presented her talents to a much larger audience. She would go on to study in Italy and perform with such greats as Enrico Caruso. See more about Nina Morgana in the Music and Musicians at the Pan-American Exposition. Nina Morgana (center) �At the turn of the century, Italian music, especially opera, popular songs and instrumental music, was very popular in Buffalo and throughout the United States. Italian-American bands including the Scinta band (Buffalo) and the Fanciulli band (New York), played at the Exposition and were in high demand for concerts, dances and social events. There were no microphones or electric amplifiers, and recorded music on wax cylinders was only available to the wealthy. Below are pictures of Buffalo's Scinta Band, directed by Serafino Scinta and the University of Buffalo's 1901 Mandolin Club. Scinta Band of Buffalo "University of Buffalo Mandolin and Guitar Club," 1901. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Iris (yearbook) vol. 4 "Pan­ American edition," 1901. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo Archives �Il Corriere Italiano Although Italians were a relatively new immigrant group in 1901 Buffalo, Italian churches, mutual-aid organizations, cultural groups, and a newspaper, IL Corriere Italiano, were thriving in the crowded Canal Zone. IL Corriere Italiano was probably Buffalo's most important Italian language newspaper. "It was the first successful organization run by Italians designed to serve the entire community."6 Ferdinando Magnani, editor of IL Corriere Italiano, also published a book, La Cittá di Buffalo, N.Y.,explaining and praising Buffalo to potential immigrants from Italy. Magnani supplemented his earnings by teaching and translating as seen in the advertisement below. IL Corriere Italiano kept Buffalo's Italians informed of local happenings as well as news from Italy. There were numerous articles on the Pan-American Exposition, including a "Pan"-related poem. The paper reproduced below announces the September 14, 1901 death of president William McKinley, who was shot by anarchist Leon Czolgosz at the Exposition. Ferdinando Magnani. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Ferdinando Magnani. La Cítta di Buffalo, N.Y. : e paesi circonvicini e le colonie Italiane. Buffalo, N.Y. : Tipografie editrice Italiana, 1908. F. Magnani English, French and Latin 131 Broadway Buffalo into Italian Translator & Teacher �Il Presidente McKinley e' Morto. Front page of Il Corriere Italiano announcing the death of President McKinley Source: Photocopy from microfilm. Il Corriere Italiano, September 14, 1901. p.1. �Finally, this poem, written by Upilio Nuti and was published in IL Corriere Italiano, June 22, 1901. The translation below is courtesy of Serafino Pocari. It is not clear whether or not Mr. Nuti was a resident of Buffalo or one of the many people who came to the city to work at or visit the Exposition. "Pan" Back then, almost a year ago, All' Espoalzlone. When I rushed here by train One thing hit me right away As I wandered around the town And this inexplicable novelty That wandered about my mind For months, both night and day It seemed to be everywhere. I gazed at the Exposition's symbols Reproduced in skillets and wondered What mysterious connection united them? I fabbricati che souo abibiti all' Esposizione di prodotti viventi, restano all' entrata di Est Amherst St. e per la importanza delle svariatissime mostre destano L'interesse di tutti i visitatori che vi accorrono gia', quantunque non siano peranco del tutto all’ordine. I liked the burden better than its carrier! Oh Pan-American! I am grateful to know that in English "Pan" means "frying pan" [padella]. Buffalo, June 19, 1901 “Pan” Alloraquando, quasi un anno fa col treno in fretta me ne venni qui —Upilio Nuti una cosa all'istante mi colpi' su e giu' girandolando la citta'. E questa inesplicabil novita' per cui per vari mesi si smarri' la mente mia, ognor la notte e el di', era che in tutte le localita' miravo embkemi de l'Esposizione riprodotti in padelle e non sapevo qual mai li unisse arcana connessione. A me conviene il basto e non la sella! o Pan-American! questo a te devo che in lingua inglese "Pan" vuol dir padella. Buffalo, 19 Giugno 1901. Upilio Nun "Pan". Author: Upilio Nuti. Source: Photocopy from microfilm. Il Corriere Italiano, June 22, 1901. p.1, col. 4-5. �References 1. Virginia Yans-McLaughlin. Family nd Community : Italian Immigrants in Buffalo, 1880-1930. Ithaca : Cornell University Press, 1977, p.116. 2. Ibid., p. 45. 3. Ibid., p. 44. 4. Ibid., p. 46. 5. Richard Barry. The Granduers of the Exposition. Buffalo, NY : Robert Allen Reid, 1901. 6. Yans-McLaughlin, p. 123. For additional information on the history of Italian Immigrants in Buffalo see: • Virginia Yans-McLaughlin. Like the Fingers of the Hand: the Family and Community Life of First-Generation Italian Americans in Buffalo, New York, 1880-1930. Unpublished dissertation, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1970. • Ferdinando Magnani. La Cítta di Buffalo, N.Y. : e paesi circonvicini e le colonie Italiane. Buffalo, N.Y. : Tipografie editrice Italiana, 1908. �The Polish Community of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition In 1901, Buffalo "Polonia" made up a large percentage of Buffalo's population. The population of Poles had grown from roughly 6.5% of the city'stotal population in 1881 to nearly 20% by 1904.1 The wave of immigrants arriving in the later 19th century traveled from a Poland that was not unified but instead under the rule of three neighboring powers—Prussia, Austria and Russia. That there was no consular support for this divided region is, in part, why there was no clear representation of Polish culture at the Pan-American Exposition. Those Poles who settled in Buffalo did, however, have a clear sense of national identity. They saw themselves as Polish regardless of the political control of the regions from which they arrived. There was clear animosity towards those countries controlling their homeland, which often translated into friction between Buffalo's Polish community and those of other immigrant groups, especially the Germans. Still, Polonia developed a strong economic and cultural base in Buffalo, primarily on the East Side, where there were several newspapers, publishers, retailers, and manufacturers. Polish churches, schools, music, sports, and mutual-aid societies grew to be a central part of the Buffalo Pole's life. See Buffalo "Polonia at the Turn of the Century" for more information on the growth of the Polish Community leading up to the Pan-American Exposition. Franciszek (Francis) Fronczak Most of Buffalo's Polish immigrants worked as general laborers, hired for canal digging and street building.2It is not surprising then, that Poles worked in the construction of the Exposition and on the railroads that brought visitors to the grounds. Encouraged by community leaders, Buffalo's Poles even bought shares of Pan-American Exposition stock. Franciszek Fronczak, born in Buffalo to Polish immigrant parents, was a young and articulate doctor, who graduated both from Canisius College and the University of Buffalo Medical School. Although only in his mid-twenties, he took a leadership role in the Polish community, encouraging participation in the Pan-American Exposition, and chairing the convention of the Alliance of Polish Singers, which met in Buffalo in 1901. Fronczak is still highly respected for his varied roles as doctor, Buffalo's health commissioner (starting in 1910), journalist, and supporter of Poland's independence. Franciszek (Francis) E. Fronczak. Photo credit: Unidentified. Source: Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo University Libraries Polish Collection. �It is interesting to note that during this period, the Polish community was becoming more politically active but was still relatively isolated from the rest of Buffalo society. Partially by choice and also due to the ethnic prejudices of both the Poles and their neighbors, Buffalo Polonia was a remote and self-sufficient colony within the city. Yet many Poles were willing to participate in both the building and financial support of the Pan-American Exposition. This is certainly a testament to the influence of leaders like Fronczak. The following letter appeared in the January 26, 1899 Buffalo Express in a section of the paper where daily lists of Exposition subscribers (those who purchased stock) were listed. January 25, 1899 Henry W. Sprague: Dear Sir — Enclosed please find a number of Polish subscribers whom I have seen within a few hours. We have so far subscribed here almost $4,000, and hope to be able to add enough to make $10,000 from the Polish citizens of Buffalo. May this mite be a token of our sincerity in the enterprise. Hoping to have the priviledge of sending another list in a few days, I am Very truly yours Francis E. Fronczak The Polish Press and the Exposition Polak Amerykanski Press. Stanislaw Slisz (seated in the center), with staff. Photo credit: Unidentified. Source: Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo University Libraries Polish Collection. �The most popular Polish-language newspaper in 1901 was the daily Polak w Ameryce , which had circulation over 6,000 in a local population of about 75,000 Poles. The paper began publication in 1885 under the name Ojczyzna. By 1887 the name had changed to Polak w Ameryce, which translates as "The Pole in America." Stanislaw Slisz and his brother Jozef, both of whom came to Buffalo in 1885, became the publishers of Polak w Ameryce. The Slisz's Polak Amerykanski Press also published magazines and books for Polish-speaking people throughout the United States. Other Polish newspapers at the time of the Pan-American Exposition were, Gazeta Buffaloska(Buffalo Gazette), the Echo, the Slonce (Sun), and the Warta (Guard) The Polak w Ameryce promoted the Pan-American Exposition and urged Polish residents to buy shares. The response must have gratified the promoters: about 230 Poles bought roughly $8,300 worth of Exposition Company shares. (Overall, 11,000 investors spent $1.5 million on Pan-American shares.) At a time when hourly pay for railroad workers, for example, was 14 to 16 cents, a ten-dollar Advertisment for Pan-American Exposition Company Stock. Source: This advertisment appeared in the March 31, 1899 issue of Polak w Ameryce. The image was digitized from a microfilm copy. Listed in the ad are the Exposition's Board of Directors. expenditure was considerable. This represented a strong commitment of Polish immigrants to their adopted city. The advertisement at right appeared in the March 31, 1899 issue of Polak w Ameryce. The Polish Singers' Alliance From August 19 to 22, 1901 Polish singers came to Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition from all over the United States. Several local singing societies, including the Lutnia ("lute") and Chopin choral societies, took part in the Polish Singers' Alliance competition and concerts, which were very well attended and favorably reviewed in the English, Polish and German presses. • "Sons of Plucky Poland" appeared in the August 19, 1901 Buffalo Courier. • "Polish Singers Convene" appeared in the August 19, 1901 Buffalo Express. �Polish Singing Societies of Buffalo Chopin Choral Society.Photo credit: Unidentified. Source: Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo University Libraries Polish Collection. Kalina Choral Society.Photo credit: Unidentified. Source: Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo - University Libraries Polish Collection. Lutnia Choral Society.Photo credit: Unidentified. Source: Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo University Libraries Polish Collection. Wanda Choral Society.Photo credit: Unidentified. Source: Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. Courtesy of the University at Buffalo - University Libraries Polish Collection. �Assassination and the Polish Community In 1901, workers were still agitating for union-organizing rights and for the eight-hour day, but strikes and worker demonstrations were commonly crushed by private troops (e.g., the Pinkertons) and government forces (police, National Guard). Wages for laborers were low, workdays were 10 or more hours, six days a week, and most children went to work at age 13 or 14. Like most other immigrants groups, the Poles, generally thought of as industrous workers, were caught in this difficult situation, and only the educated few were able to rise above it. One who did not manage to rise above it was Leon Czolgosz, an unemployed laborer who came to Buffalo and the Exposition intending to shoot President William McKinley. He did just that on September 6, 1901 and on September 14, the President died. The fact that he was the American-born son of a Polish immigrant was a source of shame and anger for Poles in Buffalo. The planned parade and celebration of Polish Day at the Pan-American Exposition were canceled by community leaders, despite months of preparation. The Polish-language press was apparently shocked and disgusted at the assassination. Police arrested a number of Polish residents, some of whom were held for questioning, as well as a number of Italians. However, no conspiracy was discovered—Czolgosz had acted independently. Indeed, the assassination of President Poles Are Incensed. McKinley was a setback to Buffalo's Polish community. However, despite this and the many prejudices and Mass Meeting last Nightde nounced the Assassin. Disgrace To The Name barriers faced, Buffalo's Polish Americans would grow to achieve success in the professions, business and politics of subsequent years, while still maintaining their sense of ethnic pride. �References: 1. Eugene Edward Obidinski. Ethnic to status group : a study of Polish Americans in Buffalo. Unpublished dissertation --State University of New York at Buffalo, 1968; quoted in Stanislawa Tillson, Transformation of the Polish Sub-Community in Western New York : the Case of Buffalo. Unpublished dissertation -- Uniwersytet Warszawski, 1976, p. 10. 2. Tillson, p. 9. Additional Resources: • Ann T. Skulicz. Rise of the Buffalo "Polonia", 1887-1900. Unpublished thesis-University of Buffalo, 1951. • Ksiega Pamiatkowa, Zlotego Jubileuszu Osady Polskiej i Parafji Sw. Stanislawa, B. i M. w Buffalo, New York, 1873­ 1923. [Buffalo, N.Y.] Nakladem Komitetu Wydawniczego [1923]. • Album pamiatkowe i przewodnik handlowy : osady polskiej w miescie Buffalo, z do aczeniem okolicznych miejscowósci ze stanu New York. Buffalo, N.Y. : Wydane staraniem i nak . Polskiej Spó ki Wydawniczej, 1906-1909. For information on the meatpacking industry of Buffalo's East Side, see Fred Jablonski's East Buffalo 1846-1976 at http://geocities.com/richslon/eastbuf.html. There is a "Pan-Am" section as well as a "Gallery," which discusses the East Side stockyards, meatpackers and purveyors, most of whom were leaders in the German or Polish communities. Update Sept. 2009: Unfortunately, as of 2008, the link is no longer valid. Try using the Wayback Web to access the archived pages at http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://geocities.com/richslon/eastbuf.html �The Irish Community of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition By 1901, there was a well-established Irish community living and working in Buffalo, for the Irish, like the Germans, were among the earliest of Buffalo's settlers. Most of the city's Irish emigrated from their home country in response to the Irish Famine, and arrived in Buffalo during a period when the city was rapidly growing as a grain port. As the century progressed, Buffalo would become a major transportation hub for shipping and rail and a center of heavy industry. Both the German and Irish immigrants played major roles in the city's growth. However, while the Germans became part of Buffalo's political and economic mainstream, the Irish were somewhat socially isolated by century's end, in part because they maintained a much stronger ethnic identity, with emphasis on family ties, Ireland and the Catholic church. The Irish were an integral part of the labor force during the periods of Buffalo's heaviest growth. It is difficult to say with any certainty, however, exactly what role the Irish as a group, may have played in the Pan-American Exposition. With the exception of a few diocese-supported publications, there were no ethnic Irish newspapers to refer to1, and personal accounts have been difficult to obtain. Nonetheless, there is ample evidence allowing us to speculate as to just what role Buffalo's Irish community played in the construction and operation of the Exposition. • The First Ward • The Great Strike of 1899 (The Scoopers Strike) • Building the Exposition • The Exposition Fire Department • Railroad Day • Irish Sports Week �The First Ward While it is estimated that there may have been as few at 400 Irish-born in Buffalo in the early 1830's2, within 20 years, the population had grown to over ten thousand. Most were Catholic and arrived in the years following the Great Irish Famine. They settled primarily in the First Ward, a low-lying area south of the city's central business district near the waterfront, which was lined with grain elevators, warehouses and factories. Buffalo's first Roman Catholic Bishop, Fr. John Timon, organized the St. Vincent de Paul Society to aid those immigrants escaping the famine and established St. Brigid's Roman Catholic Church in response. The church became the spiritual and social center of the First Ward and while originally home to families of numerous ethnicities, by 1880, 70% of the ward's population was Irish.3 In the early periods of settlement, most of Buffalo's Irish were unskilled or semiskilled laborers who worked in the regions immediately adjacent to the First Ward—as longshoremen, at the nearby Buffalo Union Furnace, and on the railroads. Because of the First Ward's proximity to the numerous grain elevators that lined the Buffalo River, the city's "grain-scoopers" were predominantly Irish. William Jenkins writes, Bishop John Timon. Image credit: The Sage Sons & Co. Lithograph Co., Buffalo, N.Y. n.d. Source: Charles G. Deuther. The Life and Times of the Rt. Rev. John Timon, D.D., First Roman Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of Buffalo. Buffalo, N.Y. : Charles G. Deuther, 1870. Frontispiece. [Eastern elevator, Buffalo, N.Y.] The milieu of the First Ward was akin to a small industrial town where, rather than the Satanic mill, the Irish lived in the shadow of the grain elevator. Many Irish immigrant livelihoods depended on the latter building, developed by Joseph Dart in 1842.4 Scooping was seasonal work, dependent upon the traffic of shipping on the Great Lakes and Erie canal. During the winter Irish laborers often took work on the railroads or as workers in other capacities such as digging canals and warehouse slips and repairing Buffalo's sea walls.5 Indeed, by 1900, the railroads were employing a significant number of Buffalo's Irish, as were the foundries, mills and factories. But "scooping" was a job that became almost exclusively associated with the Irish and one of the more pivotal events in the history of the Buffalo involved this group of laborers at a time when the city was planning for the 1901 Pan-American Exposition. �The Great Strike of 1899 In the spring of 1899, while Buffalo leaders were engaged in planning the Pan­ American Exposition to be held 2 years later, scoopers, freight handlers and other dock workers on the city's waterfront went on strike, bringing Great Lakes commercial transport to a standstill. The scoopers were not protesting against the lake shipping companies or local industrialists, rather, their complaints were waged against the freight contractors—fellow Irish saloon bosses common in the First Ward, who held exclusive contracts with the elevators and shipping companies to control the labor supply. William Connors, in particular, was the grain contractor against whom this strike was directed. He was an Irish saloon-keeper who "contracted with shipping companies to unload grain from ships in Buffalo's harbor, and then in turn signed on men to do work. This arrangement was highly profitable for Connors, but also highly exploitative, since the men worked on a day-by-day basis with no job security, Bishop James Quigley and Connors picked the men who spent the most money in his saloon to perform the labor."6 The strike created a volatile environment and could easily have lead to violence between the strikers and the Connors camp. Despite their notoriety for anti-labor crackdowns, police and City officials exhibited restraint, although both Connors and the scoopers accused them of favoritism. The police did not support Connor's attempts to bring in scab labor and "Democratic Mayor Conrad Diehl, finding himself in an awkward position, took no public stand. The Common Council, according to its printed proceedings, did not discuss the strike..."7 and the administration's overall apathy toward the dockside labor unrest was apparant. The Buffalo Star commented "During this crisis, what has our city government done? Talked Pan-American, with a thousand families struggling against starvation."8 Bishop James Quigley proved to be an important force in the dispute, defending the Irish workers against Irish contractor interests, and calling the saloon-system immoral. He was joined in the attack on Connors' forces by other clergyman, including Protestants from the city's leading churches.9Despite the tension and the disruption to lake commerce, the strike was a relatively peaceful victory for the strikers (only one man was killed) and led to reforms in the saloon-boss system of labor, much to the benefit of the scoopers, longshoremen and other freight handlers.10 �Images of Buffalo's Grain Elevators, ca.1900 (Adjacent to the First Ward) Unloading wheat into elevators, Buffalo. Photographer: Unidentified. Published: c1900 / Detroit Publishing Co. no. 011477. "Badger State" and "Lackawanna Green Bay Line" on ship. Collection: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Source: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections An Old timer at C.T.T. elevator, Buffalo, N.Y. Photographer: Unidentified. Published: [ca.1900] / Detroit Publishing Co. no. 012926. "Badger State" and "Lackawanna Green Bay Line" on ship. Collection: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Source: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/ Great Northern elevator and shipping, Buffalo, N.Y. Photographer: Unidentified. Published: 1900 / Detroit Publishing Co. no. 012924. "Andaste of Ishpeming" on left freighter; "I.W. Nicholas" on center freighter; and "B.L. Pennington" on right freighter. Collection: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Source: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections River and elevators, Buffalo.Photographer: Unidentified. Published: [c1900] / Detroit Publishing Co. no. 011470. Collection: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Source: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections �River and elevators, Buffalo, foot of Michigan St. Photographer: Unidentified. Published: c1900 / Detroit Publishing Co. no. 011468. Collection: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Source: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections River and elevators, Buffalo, foot of Main St. Photographer: Unidentified. Published: c1900 / Detroit Publishing Co. no. 011469. Collection: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Source: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/ Building the Exposition The Scoopers Strike may give the impression that most of Buffalo's Irish were unskilled laborers. It is true that most of the immigrants arriving during the 1850's began work as unskilled or semiskilled laborers. There were very few entrepreneurs and only two factory owners in 1855—William Carland, who owned Gothic Hall and made ready-made men's clothing, and Augustine Keogh, who manufactured pianofortes.11 By 1900 however, the Irish had become well established in the semiskilled and skilled trades and were making strides in what we would refer to today as "white collar" jobs. In looking at a sample of Irish surnames in the 1900 Buffalo Directory one can see a noticeable increase over previous years in the number of professionals, clerks, shopkeepers and, among women, teachers. Most significant, however, were the numbers of tradesmen listed, especially, blacksmiths, carpenters, bricklayers, molders and other construction related occupations. Over 16% of the sample fell into the category of "skilled trade", while 12% were laborers, and 10% worked for the railroads.12 With so many involved in construction-related occupations, we can speculate that Buffalo's Irish played some sort of role in the actual construction of the Exposition. It was well advertised throughout the period newspapers that the pay for construction Workers on the Exposition Grounds.Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Thomas E. Leary and Elizabeth C. Sholes. Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition. Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, c1998, p.19. From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. work at the Exposition grounds was very good and that laborers were coming to Buffalo from all parts of the �country. With good pay and and abundance of construction work, it is safe to assume that the Irish tradesmen and laborers were involved in building construction and in operation of the railroads running to and from the grounds. It is unfortunate that, without any first-hand accounts, we can only speculate at this point. The Exposition Fire Department Temporary Battalion No. 7: Engine 33.Buffalo Fire Department - 1901. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Firefighters Historical Society. Note the Midway Entrance and Indian Congress Exhibit in the background. Hook and Ladder Co. 10 The Buffalo Fire Department, with its heavy representation of Irish-Americans, was charged with fire protection of the Pan-American Exposition grounds with five fire companies assigned to protect the property and people at the fair. These five companies made up temporary Battalion No. 7, and included Engine 33, which consisted of a combination chemical engine and hose wagon, along with two horses. Engine 33 was located at the South Midway near the Indian Congress, and its crew included members of Buffalo's Irish and German communities. Hook & Ladder 10 is shown with their 65 foot Gleason & Bailey truck in front of their quarters near the Belt Line Station on the exhibition grounds. �The Buffalo Fire Department's Alarm Office Journal for September 6, 1901 indicates the general call received by the office when President William McKinley was shot in the Temple of Music at 4:10 p.m. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Firefighters Historical Society] Occupations in the police and fire services have been historically, if not stereotypically, linked to Irish immigrants. In the case of Buffalo, separate research by William Jenkins and Sidney Harring and supports the stereotype. The Buffalo Fire Department, never formally organized as a paid fire service until 1880, had a disproportionately large number of Irish. Jenkins found that in 1900, of the Department's captains, lieutenants and firemen, the percentage of Irish was 39.5, 18, and 37.7 respectively.13 This was also the case with the city's police department. "The plethora of Irish names in the annual reports of the Buffalo Board of Police is testament to the strong representation of the first- and second- generation Irish of the city on the force."14 Indeed, in reviewing the 10 precincts and 2 substations existing in 1900, Harring found that 8 of the 12 police captains had Irish surnames, as did 72% of the officers.15 Railroad Day Lehigh Valley Railroad. Office of the Division Engineer. Many of Buffalo's Irish immigrants were employed as A.Division Vander Hoek, Engineer. Personal: Buffalo, N. Y. Sept. 11th, 1901. laborers on the railroads that served the city, bringing out-of­ Subject: observing Railroad day as Holiday. town visitors to Buffalo. They worked as switchmen, yard supervisors, conductors, The Railroad company has decided not to observe Railroad day engineers, signalmen and freight handlers. As a thriving railroad at the Pan-American Exposition as a holiday. The regular work of the department is not to center in 1901, the Pan­ American Exposition was within a single day's journey by rail for interfered with. However, you may give leavea of absence to such persons as desired, where this can be done without interference to the work, or safety of thetraf ic. No free transportation, however, will be granted or special. millions, and many special excursion trains and private cars arrived at the Exposition Depot, to out until your return, in your place, notifying located at the northern end of arrangements made, so the exposition grounds. in rendering assistance. However, as noted in this letter, that in case of trouble, there will be no delay Yours truly, A. Vander Hoek, railway business took Division Engineer. precedence over the pleasures of the Pan for the employees of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. this office of the "Railroad Day" Letter. Source: Courtesy of Tom Blake �Irish Sports Week The only Pan-American Exposition event to feature some aspect of Irish culture was "Irish Sports Week," which took place from August 28-31, 1901. Events included Gaelic games as well as other Irish running and jumping events, which were held in the stadium located on the Exposition grounds. These activities gave local Irish-Americans a chance to compete against individuals and teams from other areas and to showcase their national sports before an international audience. Pan-American Exposition Stadium. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Latest and Best Views of the Pan-American Exposition. Buffalo, N.Y.: Robert Allan Reid, 1901. The highlight of the games was an Irish football match where spectators were treated to a free fight. "For roughness it has got the regulation college game scraped to a polish. Black eyes, bloody noses and cracked heads were much in evidence by the time the first half was over. The game resembled a free fight more than anything else."16 Press coverage by the Buffalo Evening News indicates that the reception for the Irish sporting events was rather lukewarm, in part because the games were so poorly organized and promoted. On August 30th, the News reported that "[t]he Irish sports in the Stadium have been so carelessly managed that they attracted but little interest yesterday."17 However, articles do describe the excitement of hurling, a game somewhat on the order of lacrosse. "It is pretty rough fun, but it is fast and the crowd liked it."18 Irish Sports In The Stadium, The Hurling Match Was Ex citing, But the Jiggers Failed to Jig. There was a long delay yesterday aft ernoon in the Stadium before the Irish sports were ran off, and when the games took place the sport was not of the widly exciting kind, with the exception of the hurling match, a game some what on the order of lacrosse. It is pretty rough fun, but it is fast and the crowd liked it. The Irish jiggers didn't jig because the management had thoughtfully neglected to hire a fiddler, and a jig without a fiddler would be it melancholy affair, indeed, so the event was declared off, much to the disappointment of the four young men who had entered for it. Article: "Irish Sports in the Stadium."Digitized photocopy. Source: "Irish Sports in the Stadium." Buffalo Evening News, August 29, 1901. �The Irish Sports Conclude Today. Yesterday's Performances Were Free From Violence—Gunn Won a Prize. Article: "Irish Sports Conclude Today."Source: "Irish Sports in the Stadium." Buffalo Evening News, August 31, 1901. The Irish sports at the Stadium yesterday took as a snore civillized aspect. The O'Connell football team did not appear, having left in a huff for their happy home in New York. The Klekhams, who kicked everything else also the day before, played a mild and proper game with the all Irebands and won by the score of 6 to 5. Irish Football A Free Fight, Article: "Irish Foodball a Free Fight."Digitized photocopy. Source: "Irish Sports in the Stadium." Buffalo Evening News, August 30, 1901. Plenty of Slugging in the Game in the Stadium Yes terday-Other Games. The Irish sports in the Stadium have been so carelessly managed that they attracted but little interest yesterday. The races are slow, and the entries.In most or the events have dwindled almost to the vanishing point. The feature of yesterday's programme was the game of Irish football. 13 men to a team. For roughness it has got the regulation college game scraped to a polish. Black eyes, bloody noses and cracked heads were much in evidence by the time the first hal: was over. The game resembled a free flight more than anything else. �References 1. In 1852, Bishop Timon brought D'Arcy McGee from Boston to Buffalo to publish the Buffalo American Celt and Catholic Citizenalthough it was to be edited by future politician, Michael Hagan, "to provide in English, news of diocesan affairs and reminders of religious obligations and to interpret public questions from a non-partisan, but wholly Catholic viewpoint." In 1853, when McGee proved too partisan, Timon "guided" the American Celt's successor The Sentinel, edited by Hagan. David A. Gerber. The making of an American pluralism : Buffalo, New York, 1825-60. Urbana, Ill. : University of Illinois Press, 1989, p. 153, 293. It is unclear as to when the Sentinel ceased publication, but in the latter decades of the century Buffalo had no Irish newpaper. 2. Quoted in Gerber, p. 122. 3. William M. Jenkins. "In the Shadow of the Grain Elevator: A Portrait of an Irish Neighborhood in Buffalo New York in the nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries." Éire-Ireland, an Interdisciplinary Journal of Irish Studies, v. 37, no.1/2 (Spring/Summer, 2002), p. 20 4. Ibid., pp. 23-24. 5. David A. Gerber. The Making of an American pluralism, p. 125. 6. Sidney Lee Harring. The Buffalo Police—1872-1915: Industrialization, Social Unrest and the Development of the Police Institution.Unpublished dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1976. pp. 138-139. Note: Harring reports that the name of the contractor was James Connors. In an email dated June 10, 2006, A.M.Beiter informed me that that the contactor involved in the dispute was William Connors, not James -- B.L. Battleson, June 12, 2006.. 7. Brenda K. Shelton."The Grain Shovellers' Strike of 1899." Labor History, v.9 1968, p. 220. 8. Ibid. 9. Sidney Lee Harring. The Buffalo Police—1872-1915, p. 139. 10. David A. Gerber. The Making of an American pluralism, p. 143. 11. A sample of 975 Irish surnames, spanning from O'Boyle to O'Toole was taken from The Buffalo Directory, (Buffalo, NY : The Courier Company of Buffalo, 1900.) Occupations studies fell into the following categories: laborer (12%), skilled laborer (16%), railroad worker (10%), scooper (3%), police or fire department (5%), saloonkeeper (3%), and teacher (3%). There were other occupations listed, including a handful of professionals and entrepeneurs, as well as contractors and foremen. While not at all scientific, this sampling does give an overall sense that by 1900, those Irish-born and of Irish descent in Buffalo were no longer primarily unskilled laborers, as they were a few decades prior. 12. William M. Jenkins. Social and Geographic Mobility Among the Irish in Canada and the United States: a Comparative Study of Toronto, Ontario, and Buffalo, New York, 1880-1910. Unpublished dissertation, University of Toronto, 2001, p. 315. 13. Ibid. 14. Harring, p.120. 15. "Irish Football a Free Fight." Buffalo Evening News, August 30, 1901. 16. Ibid. 17. "Irish Sports in the Stadium." Buffalo Evening News, August 29, 1901. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Immigrant Communities of Buffalo and the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource Because Buffalo was a major transportation hub in the 19th century and early 20th century, immigrants and their families made up a large and growing portion of the population. This component of the online exhibit is limited to addressing four of the larger immigrant communities existing in Buffalo at the time of the Pan-American Exposition: German, Italian, Polish and Irish. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-the-immigrant-experience Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Immigrants--New York (State)--Buffalo--20th century Exhibitions--United States--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/3f9928aeff698086a9f11f299f3380b4.pdf 4e53c65d022c9c28896657287a0d57fe PDF Text Text Music and Musicians • Introduction A general overview of music at the Pan-American Exposition, with a map of the music venues on the Exposition grounds. The Temple of Music Background information about the major musical venue at the Exposition, with twenty-eight images, including those of the Temple under construction, its interior, daylight and nightime shots from different perspectives, and architectural drawings. Four images of the Isidore Konti sculptures that adorned the building are included. • Bandstands Eleven images of the Plaza, Esplanade, and Casino bandstands. • Sheet Music Twenty-eight pieces of sheet music written for or about the Exposition, including songs lamenting the death of President McKinley. Audio files of some of the pieces are also available. • Bands Bands that performed at the Exposition, including eighteen images. �• Music Guide Music at the Pan-American Exposition: Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901 was the official guide to "scheduled" music performed at the major musical venues at the Exposition. It includes a description of the Emmons Howard organ in the Temple of Music, portraits of and biographical information about the organists who were scheduled to perform, and descriptions and images of the bands that performed. The page contains an index to this guide and a link to the complete guide, viewable page by page. • Personal Accounts and Stories The three personal accounts of musical activities at the Exposition include an excerpt from John Philip Sousa's autobiography, a description of the circumstances under which Victor Herbert's composition Pan-Americana was submitted to the Exposition competition, and Benita Gray's diary account of two visits to the Exposition, including one during which she sang at the Welsh Day choral competition on September 20, 1901. Mrs. Gray's diary entries make many references to buildings and events at the Exposition and links have been provided to allow the user to see many of the same sights that she may have seen.Also included is a page about singer Nina Morgana, who sang at the Exposition at age nine and went on to a successful career at the Metropolitan Opera in New York. • Ethnic Music Ten images of some of the types of ethnic music performed at the Exposition, including Mexican, Italian, Philippine, Middle Eastern, and African. Images of four instruments from the African Village now in the collections of the Buffalo Museum of Science are included. • Organ and Organists Images, description, and specifications of the Emmons Howard organ in the Temple of Music, with further information about some of the noted organists who performed at the Exposition. �• Instruments Background on some of the other instruments displayed at the Exposition, including images of the Steinway piano still located in the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society's building, which was the New York State Building during the time of the Exposition. • Essays Essays contributed by Robert Berkman on player pianos and Frank Cipolla on bands at the turn of the century. �Introduction Music was a major component of the many offerings of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, 1901. It encompassed orchestral, band, organ, choral, and ethnic music, as well as performances by noted vocalists and instrumentalists. Displays and demonstrations of instrument manufacturers were also part of the Exposition's musical offerings. The following statement in the Final Report of the Pan-American Exposition Company summarizes the quantity of band and orchestra music alone that was offered. With the exception of but a few weeks three bands, or two bands and one orchestra, were in attendance and played twice each day during the Exposition. It will thus be seen that an average of six band or orchestra concerts were given each day and evening, or an approximate total number of one thousand such concerts were given during the period of the Exposition. The great majority of the classical music performed by the bands and orchestras could be classified as either Plaza Bandstand - Closeup. View: Close-up of the bandstand in the Plaza showing the ornately detailed columns and roof. Photographer: Unidentified, probably C. D. Arnold. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition: Organists, Orchestras, Bands, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. "light classics" or other classical works that had already been assimilated into the public's musical taste. Arrangements of operatic works can be found on programs of the bands (especially Wagner), orchestras, and organ recitalists. Among the programmed works are many by composers whose names are no longer readily familiar to us. In short, the musical programming was geared towards the popular taste and more adventuresome contemporary music was ignored. But the panoply of music provided by the different venues of the Exposition was nonetheless impressive. The map below shows the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition with the bandstands and Temple of Music highlighted. These were the major venues for performance of concert music at the Exposition. Other venues of concert music included an occasional use of the Stadium and demonstrations of new musical instruments in the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. The Midway too was always alive with music at such sites as Alt Nürnberg, Beautiful Orient, Hawaii, Streets of Mexico, Venice in America, African Village, and the Japanese Village. ��The Temple of Music The Temple of Music was designed to function as both concert hall and ceremonial stage. The members of the music committee had originally requested that a larger building be constructed to house concerts of instrumental and choral music. Financial constraints altered the plan, reducing the size of the hall and adapting it for multifunctional use. Upon completion, it stood 150 x 150 feet with a dome rising 180 feet above the floor of the Temple. Its seating capacity was 2,200. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Color Rendering of the Temple of Music, by the architects Esenwein & Johnson. Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Image from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie Country Historical Society. �The Temple was built by architect August C. Esenwein at a cost of $85,000 ($1,695,778.33 in 2001 dollars). Esenwein utilized an Italian Renaissance style in keeping with the overall architectural plan of the Free Renaissance style adopted by the Exposition Board of Architects led by John M. Carrère. The building bore elaborate decorative elements and four large sculptures by Isidore Konti over each of the four entrances. The color of the building, inside and out, was designed by Charles Yardley Turner to fit into his color scheme for the entire Exposition. Turner's colors for the Temple included red for the foundation with accents of blue, pale green, and terra cotta. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Architectural drawing of the Temple of Music. Source: "The Music Hall of the Pan-American Exposition." Engineering Record, vol. 43, no. 6, (Feb. 9, 1901) pp.132-134. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: The Temple of Music, with scaffolding. Notice the ornamental staff being applied to the hardwood building frame. Photographer: C. D. Arnold? Source: Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition by Thomas Leary and Elizabeth Sholes with the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, c1998. �The Temple of Music at the Pan­ American Exposition. View: Close­ up of one of the walls of the Temple of Music showing the ornate detail of the bas-relief sculpture. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: Buffalo's Pan­ American Exposition by Thomas Leary and Elizabeth Sholes with the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, c1998, p. 34. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: The Temple of Music, with sign reading "Music Building", under construction, December 5, 1900. Notice the men working on the dome of the building. Photographer: C. D. Arnold? Source: Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition by Thomas Leary and Elizabeth Sholes with the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, c1998, p. 21. �Images of the Completed Temple of Music The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Temple of Music from the West, showing formal gardens. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Rand-McNally Hand­ Book to the Pan­ American Exposition, Buffalo and Niagara Falls. Chicago and New York: Rand, McNally & Co., 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. The Temple of Music atPan the­ American Exposition. View: Temple of Music, with Machinery and Transportation Building on the right and the Mines Building beyond the Temple on the left. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan­ American Exposition Scrapbook [N. P., 1901?]. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �he Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: The Fountain of Abundance in front of the Temple of Music. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrtated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 54. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Looking South from the Electric Tower, this photograph was taken at a height of over 300 feet. It shows the buildings around the Court of Fountains, including the Temple of Music on the right and the Ethnology Building facing it on the left. The Esplanade, with both its bandstands, is also visible. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 26. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Dedication Day at the Pan-American Exposition. Dignitaries line up to enter the Temple of Music for the ceremonial dedication of the Exposition on May 20, 1901. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge both spoke as part of the ceremonies. Part of the Fountain of Abundance is visible in the lower right and the Horticulture Building is visible to the left of the Temple of Music. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold, Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. P. 29. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Temple of Music as seen through the colonnade. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan­ American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901 Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: The Temple of Music as viewed from near the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, across the Cascade and the Fountain of Abundance. The Mines Building is visible to the left of the Temple and the towers of the Buffalo Insane Asylum can be seen on the left horizon. Photographer: Arthur Hewitt. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26, Oct. 1901, Pan-American Exposition Number, p. 432. Published by John Wanamaker. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �The Temple of Music at the Pan­ American Exposition. View: Looking towards the Triumphal Bridge, across the Court of Fountains, with the Temple of Music on the right. Both the East and West Esplanade Bandstands are visible on either side of the Triumphal Bridge. Photographer: Arthur Hewitt. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26, Oct. 1901, Pan­ American Exposition Number, p. 425. Published by John Wanamaker. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. The Temple of Music atPan the­ American Exposition. View: Temple of Music from across the Esplanade fountains. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Rand-McNally Hand-Book to the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo and Niagara Falls. Chicago and New York: Rand, McNally & Co., 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Temple Of Music —Looking Across Esplanade Court. �The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Temple of Music from south of the Ethnology Building. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Latest and Best Views of the Pan-American Exposition. Buffalo, N.Y.: Robert Allan Reid, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. The Temple of Music atPan the­ American Exposition. View: Temple of Music from the Esplanade Court, with Ethnology and U.S. Government Buildings to the right. The West Esplanade bandstand is visible between the two buildings. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan­ American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Temple of Music with West Esplanade bandstand in foreground. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan-American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. With its vibrant exterior color scheme, the artistic effects of illuminating of Temple of Music impressed even the most ardent critics of the period. It is unfortunate that surviving photographs, while impressive in their own right, do not truly reflect the role of color in this awe-inspiring exhibit of ornamental lighting. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Night scene of the Temple of Music looking across the Cascade with its illuminated fountains. The West Esplanade Bandstand is visible to the left of the Temple. Photographer: Arthur Hewitt. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26, Oct. 1901, Pan-American Exposition Number, p. 399. Published by John Wanamaker. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Night scene from the Ethnology Building towards the Temple of Music. The Fountain of Abundance was illuminated by lights placed inside the circumference of the base, with additional lights placed along the pedestal supporting the group of dancing children. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 32. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Sculpture at the Temple of Music In keeping with the ornate style of the Temple of Music, four large groups of statuary were placed above the arches of each of the four entrances. These sculptures by Isidore Konti depicted sacred, lyric, dance, and heroic music. Sculpture at the Temple of Music - Gay Music "Music of the Dance". Sculptor: Isidore Konti. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. [Buffalo, N.Y.: Pan-American Exposition Co.], 1901. p.2. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Sculpture at the Temple of Music - Heroic Music. Sculptor: Isidore Konti. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. [Buffalo, N.Y.: Pan-American Exposition Co.], 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �Sculpture at the Temple of Music - Sacred Music. Sculptor: Isidore Konti. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. [Buffalo, N.Y.: Pan-American Exposition Co.], 1901. p.29. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Sculpture at the Temple of Music - Lyric Music. Sculptor: Isidore Konti. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. [Buffalo, N.Y.: Pan-American Exposition Co.], 1901. p.29. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �The Assassination of President William McKinley Unfortunately, the Temple of Music has become inextricably linked with the assassination of President William McKinley. The President was attending a reception in his honor at the Temple on September 6th when Leon Czolgosz stepped from the crowd and shot McKinley with a 32-caliber handgun. McKinley died eight days later, September 14th. Although the Temple of Music continued to serve its original functions, it had become a site of morbid curiosity for many visitors to the Exposition. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Rendering of the interior of the Temple of Music, showing the position of the organ, by the architects Esenwein & Johnson. Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Image from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie Country Historical Society. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: The interior of the Temple of Music showing the stage with music stands in place, the Emmons Howard organ to the right, and in the foreground, the platform where President William McKinley was shot by Leon Czolgosz September 6, 1901. The floor is marked at the spot where the President was standing. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: Buffalo's Pan­ American Exposition by Thomas Leary and Elizabeth Sholes with the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, Charleston, SC : Arcadia Publishing, c1998, p. 123. �The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Rendering of the interior of the Temple of Music, main entrance. Artist: unidentified. Source: McHenry, Katherine V. "Color Scheme at the Pan-American." Brush and Pencil, v. 3, no. 8 (June 1901), p. 152. �The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: A candid photograph of the interior of the Temple of Music, showing the organ pipes on the left. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Music Library. University at Buffalo, the State University of New York The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Architectural drawing of the Temple of Music. Source: "The Music Hall of the Pan-American Exposition." Engineering Record, vol. 43, no. 6, (Feb. 9, 1901) pp.132-134. Images of the interior of the Temple of Music, including (above center) the spot where the President McKinley was shot. �The postcards below are two of many printed that linked "the martyred President" with the image of the Temple of Music. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition View: Color Postcard of the Temple of Music. Published by F. F. Rick & Cie., [1901?]. Source: Music Library. University at Buffalo, the State University of New York. The Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition. View: Color Postcard of the Temple of Music, with inset of President William McKinley. Published by Retrograph Co., [1901?]. Source: Music Library. University at Buffalo, the State University of New York. �Bandstands There were five bandstands on the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition. These included the Plaza bandstand, north of the Electric Tower, the East and West bandstands in the Esplanade near the Temple of Music, the Casino bandstand on the shore of the lake close to where the Casino building stands today, and another bandstand on the lake near what is now the Albright-Knox Art Gallery. The heavy schedule of band performances kept these bandstands in almost constant use throughout the Exposition. Return to the introduction page to see a map of the bandstand locations. Plaza Bandstand Plaza Bandstand. View: The Plaza, with its bandstand in a sunken garden, just north of the Electric Tower. The view is eastward towards one of the two restaurants that bordered the Plaza. The Propylaea is on the right. Photographer: Unidentified, probably C. D. Arnold. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition: Organists, Orchestras, Bands, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Plaza Bandstand Closeup. View: Close-up of the bandstand in the Plaza showing the ornately detailed columns and roof. Photographer: Unidentified, probably C. D. Arnold. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition: Organists, Orchestras, Bands, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Plaza Bandstand Looking Southeast. View: The Plaza bandstand with the Stadium entrance and restaurant, and Agriculture Building to its left. The smaller buildings as drink concessions. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan-American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Illuminated Plaza Bandstand with Electric Tower. View: The Plaza bandstand illuminated in night scene with Electric Tower behind it. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan­ American Souvenir by Charles Cutter. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Plaza Bandstand with Electric Tower. View: The Plaza Bandstand with the Electric Tower in the background. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Rand-McNally Photo-Views of the Pan-American Exposition: A Choice Collection of Illustrations of the Main Points of Interest at the Rainbow City, Including Buildings, Statuary, Electrical Effects, Landscape, and Midway Scenes. Chicago: Rand, McNally & Co., 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Plaza Bandstand Illuminated. View: The Plaza Bandstand illuminated at night. The Propylaea is in the background. Photographer: Unidentified. The bandstands at the Pan-American were designed by J.M. Lyall of New York. He, like many of the young, fledgling architects employed at the Exposition, was assigned the responsibility of designing minor constructions. A recent graduate of the Ecole de Beaux-Arts, Lyall and his "untried" colleagues hoped that their work at the Exposition would gain them notice. Lyall's bandstands were "circular pavilions roofed over in shell-like fashion and reminiscent of the fantastic effects achieved in the larger structures built at the the Paris Exposition in 1900. Completely in keeping with the festival nature of the Pan-American, the unassuming bandstands expressed more immediately the gaiety of a temporary city than the more developed, larger buildings."1 �Esplanade Bandstands: East and West Esplanade Bandstands. View: Looking South from the Electric Tower, this photograph was taken at a height of over 300 feet. It shows the buildings around the Court of Fountains, including the Temple of Music on the right and the Ethnology Building facing it on the left. The Esplanade, with both its bandstands, is also visible. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 26. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. East Esplanade Bandstand. View: The East Esplanade bandstand looking towards the Triumphal Bridge. Photographer: C. D. Arnold Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 40. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �East Esplanade Bandstand - Illuminated. View: The East Esplanade bandstand illuminated in night scene, with Ethnology Building behind. Photographer: Unidentified (C. D. Arnold?). Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo 1901, p. 111. Photo from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. West Esplanade Bandstand Illuminated. View: The West Esplanade bandstand illuminated in night scene, with Temple of Music and Electric Tower. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Pan-American Souvenir by Charles Cutter, Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901 Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Casino bandstand with the Albright-Knox Art Gallery in background. This postcard scene is probably dated between 1904 and 1910. Reference 1. Joann Marie Thompson. The Art and Architecture of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York, 1901. Unpublished dissertation, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, 1980. pp. 75-76. �Sheet Music of the Pan-American Exposition There has always been a component of the American sheet music industry that capitalized upon current events to increase sales. The Pan-American Exposition was not excluded from this practice. At least three dozen compositions were written to celebrate some aspect of the Exposition or to commemorate the death of President William McKinley. This output includes works by band leaders such as Thomas Preston Brooke, John Philip Sousa, and Francesco Fanciulli, who came to the Exposition to perform with their bands. Sheet music at the turn of the century was still prevalently issued in the larger format with illustrated title pages. The illustrations include portraits of band leaders and dignitaries, views of Exposition buildings and scenes, and general boosterism for the Exposition and the city of Buffalo. • Songs • Laments for McKinley • Piano Music Songs Are You a Buffalo? Words by Edward P. Moran ; music by Harry von Tilzer. New York : Shapiro, Bernstein & Von Tilzer, c1901. At head of title: The craze of the century. Color illustration with four buffalo head Order of Buffaloes insignia surrounding a photographic portrait of Carroll Johnson by Bushnell. A second copy has a photographic portrait of Lew. Dockstader on the same background. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. �At the Pan-American Fair in 1901 / by Theo. Douglas. [Buffalo, NY] (45 North Division St.) : Graser Bros., printers, c1899. Issued with: Two Boys in Blue : dedicated to the 13th Reg't., U.S. Infantry / by Edward C. Koeppen. Includes 7 p. of advertisements for local merchants and 1 p. story of the 13th Regiment's part in a battle on San Juan Hill. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. At the Pan-American Fair in 1901, By Theo. Douglas. [Buffalo, NY] (45 North Division St.) : Graser Bros., printers, c1899. Issued with: Two Boys in Blue : dedicated to the 13th Reg't., U.S. Infantry / by Edward C. Koeppen. Includes 7 p. of advertisements for local merchants and 1 p. story of the 13th Regiment's part in a battle on San Juan Hill. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Don't Put Me Off at Buffalo Any More, Words by William Jerome ; music by Jean Scwartz. New York : Shapiro, Bernstein & Von Tilzer, c1901. Color illustration of four scenes depicted in the song, two scenes of the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, and a photographic portrait of Maude Nugent. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Hurrah for Buffalo, 1901 : Souvenir Song, Words and melody by Myron Fowler Near ; harmony by Mary Holden Near. Buffalo (269 Main St.), N.Y. : Denton, Cottier and Daniels, c1901. Negative print (white on dark blue). Illustration: �small images of Niagara Falls, a buffalo head, and the Electric Tower at the Pan-American Exposition. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. The Lilliputian Queen, By Erwin C. Koeppen. [S.l.] : E.C. Koeppen?, c1901. "Respectfully dedicated to Chiquita, the doll lady". At head of title: "The Mascot of the Pan-American Exposition." Back cover contains advertisements for Bostock's Great Animal Arena at the Pan­ American Exposition. Pan. Pan. Pan., Words by Will. D. Cobb ; music by Gus. Edwards. New York : Howley, Haviland & Dresser, c1901. Dedicated to "The Kid." Color illustration of three women and two men entering the grounds of the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. Two black and white photographs of the composer and lyricist are in the lower corners. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Put Me Off at Buffalo : the One and Only Buffalo Song, Words by Harry Dillon ; music by John Dillon. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, c1895. Plate no. 2024. At head of title: "The souvenir song of the Exposition." Color illustration: four stereotypical representations of five ethnic groups, African, Turkish, Native American, Asian, and Southern American. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. �A Trip to Buffalo : A Musical Extravaganza. In Buffalo, Lyrics by Harry B. Marshall ; music by William Loraine. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, c1901. Plate no.: 3908-3. Color illustration of gondolier boats on canal at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, with the Exposition grounds in the background. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. A Trip to Buffalo : AMusical Extravaganza. Maidie Come Be My Lady, Lyrics by Harry B. Marshall ; music by William Loraine. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, c1901. Plate no.: 4552-4. Color illustration of gondolier boats on canal at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, with the Exposition grounds in the background. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. A Trip to Buffalo : A Musical Extravaganza. An Oriental Maid, Lyrics by Harry B. Marshall ; music by William Loraine. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, c1901. Plate no.: 3902-3. Color illustration of gondolier boats on canal at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, with the Exposition grounds in the background. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. �A Trip to Buffalo : Descriptive, by Theo. Bendix. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, c1901. Plate no.: 3848-6. Green, white, and black title page illustration of a traveler arriving at the Pan American Exposition of 1901 in Buffalo, New York. Courtesy of Brenda Battleson. Laments for President William McKinley Just as composers participated in the celebration of the Pan-American Exposition by composing music about or dedicated to the Exposition, so did many write music to commemorate the death of President William McKinley. Beautiful Isle of Somewhere, Music by J. S. Fearis ; words by Jessie Brown Pounds. Chicago : Forster Music, c1901. Three arrangements in one copy: soprano solo with organ or piano acc., quartet of men's voices, or a quartet of women's voices. At head of title: As sung at the funeral of our martyred president William McKinley by the Euterpean Quartette. Illustration: photograph of William McKinley in center over photographs of members of the Euterpean Quartette, Harriet Levinger, FannieLevinger, Jeannette Bauhof, and Katherine Baehrens. The photographs are set within a decorative frame, lithographed by Falk & Co. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. A Hymn, Words and music by Milton H. Kohn ; arr. by Lee Orean Smith. New York : Vandersloot Music Co., c1901. Illustration: portrait of President William McKinley / drawn by A. J. Dewey. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library �McKinley's Memorial March : in memory of our late beloved President, Arranged by Harry J. Lincoln. Williamsport, Pa. : United States Music Co., c1901. Text of poem: In memory of our beloved President / by C. A. Mulliner on p. [2]. Illustration: photograph of William S. McKinley. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. Our Country's Loss, Words composed and music arranged by Mrs. Harry D. Hedger. Boston, Mass. : Mrs. Harry D. Hedger, c1902. Illustration: photograph of President William McKinley set between two U.S. flags and a photograph of Mrs. Harry D. Hedger, captioned "First lady cycle rider in the U.S.A." University Archives. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. President Wm. McKinley's Favorite Hymns : words and music., Nearer, my God, to Thee and Lead Kindly Light. Chicago : Edwards Deutsch & Heitmann, 1901. Illustration: portrait of Pres. William McKinley set inside wreath, below eagle holding U.S. banner. Brief biography of McKinley on back cover. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. �Piano Music The Buffalo March : For the Piano, By Thomas Preston Brooke, conductor of the Chicago Marine Band. Cincinnati : John Church Co., c1901. Plate no.: 13882-4. At head of title: "Dedicated to the Pan-American Exposition." Illustration: a portrait of Thomas Preston Brooke set inside wreath and a buffalo jumping through the letter B in the title. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. The Electric Century March and Two Step, By F. Fanciulli, Bandmaster 71st Reg't Band. New York : W. Paris Chambers, c1901. "Respectfully dedicated to the Hon. W.I. Buchanan, Director General, Pan- American Exposition 1901." Color illustration: the Electric Tower at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Exposition March and Two Step, By W. Franklin Hartenstine. Buffalo, N.Y. (269 Main St.) : Denton, Cottier & Daniels, c1900. At head of title: To the directors of the Pan­ American Exposition. Color illustration: the official medallion logo of the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo / Raphael Beck, pinx. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. �From Mexico to Buffalo : March, Composed by A.F. Weldon. Chicago, Ill. : N. Nelson, c1901. Illustration: oval photographs of the Castle of Chapultepec, the National Palace, City of Mexico, and Francisco E. Lacroix, in setting with Mexican and United States flags. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. The Invincible Eagle March, By John Philip Sousa. Cincinnati : John Church Co., c1901. Plate no. 13962-4. Illustration: portrait of Sousa. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. March of the Buffaloes : Two-step, Composed by Fred. L. Ryder. Chicago : McKinley Music, c1901. Illustration: a herd of buffalo. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. The Pan-American Cake Walk, By Harry J. Weiler. Buffalo, N.Y. : Harry J. Weiler, c1900. At head of caption title: Respectfully dedicated to the directors of the Pan American Exposition, 1901, Buffalo, N.Y. Color illustration: a buffalo set within a frying pan inside a red, white, and blue banner, with eagle atop. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. �The Pan-American : characteristic March and Two-Step, Composed by Estelle Edwards. Baltimore, MD. : Cohen & Hughes, c1901. At head of title: Respectfully dedicated to Hon. Chas. B. Aycock, Governor of North Carolina. Color illustration: Native American holding a globe in which the title is set / Rickert. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Pan-American Exposition March : Two-step, op. 29, By H. Geo. Evans. With 2nd work by Evans: D.M. V. March : Two-step, op. 28Johnstown, Pa. : Pepper-Evans Music Co., c1901.Illustration: inset photo. of H. Geo. Evans University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. Pan-American Exposition March and Two Step, Composed by E. B. Ralph. Buffalo, N.Y. (269 Main St.) : Denton, Cottier & Daniels, c1898. "Dedicated to Fred. C. M. Lautz, Buffalo, N.Y." Issued in 1898 with title page illustrated with photographic portraits of J. M. Brinker, Pres. And Fred. C. M. Lautz, Treasurer of the Pan-American Exposition Co. Issued in 1901 with photograph of sculpture by Isidore Konti titled "Gay Music", exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition in the Temple of Music. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. �Pan-American Exposition March and Two-Step, By Hans S. Liné. Chicago : Windsor Music, c1901. Color illustration: drawings of three buildings from the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo: the U.S. Government Building, the Albright Art Gallery, and the Service Building. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Pan-American Exposition: Three Step, Composed by Ida A. Gethoefer. Buffalo, N.Y. (269 Main St.) : Denton, Cottier & Daniels, c1898. "Dedicated to Johannes Gelbke." Color illustration: image Native American in headdress set inside a frying pan. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Pan-American March : Buffalo 1901, By Edward D. Anderson. Washington D.C. : Sanders & Stayman, c1899. At head of title: To the Board of Directors Pan-American Exposition. Color illustration: photograph of a buffalo. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Pan-American March : for piano, op. 44, By D. F. Bradley. Utica, N.Y. : D.F. Bradley, c1901. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. �The Pan-American March, op. 195, By B. P. Austin. Hammondsport, N.Y.: Hammondsport Music Co., c1901. "Dedicated to the Exposition at Buffalo, N.Y." Illustration: photograph of the United States Government building at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition. Set on red, white, and blue background. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Pan-American : March and Two Step, By James. H. Austin. New York : Richard A. Saalfield, c1901. Illustration: drawing of North and South America shaking hands, symbolized by George Washington and Simon Bolivar. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. Pan-American March and Two-Step, Composed by E. R. Wright. Fargo, N.D. : Stones Music House, c1900. At head of caption title: To the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo 1901. Color illustration: photographic portrait of the composer (?) set inside a medallion on a ribbon. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. Pan-American : Two-step and March of 1901, By Homer R. S. Klock. Stamford, Conn. : Homer R.S. Klock, c1900. Illustration: inset photo. of H. Geo. EvansUniversity at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Music Library. �Pan-American Waltz, Composed by Meranda H. Haussauer. Buffalo, N.Y. (217 Virginia St.) : J.S. & M.H. Haussauer, c1899. Color illustration: map of North and South America. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Panamericana : morceau charateristique, By Victor Herbert. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, 1901. Plate no.: 4551-4. At head of title: to John G. Milburn, Esq. President of the Pan American Exposition Buffalo N.Y. Color illustration: the Pan-American Exposition at night. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Audio: Performance by University at Buffalo faculty member, pianist Stephen Manes. Recorded June 9, 2001, 2:30 p.m. in the Lobby of Slee Hall during June in Buffalo. �Bands at the Pan-American Exposition While only two full orchestras were engaged to perform at the Exposition, at least twenty-six different bands played at the various venues throughout the Exposition grounds. The bands selected to perform included some of the most successful and popular bands in the United States. Among the most significant band directors to bring their ensembles to Buffalo were John Philip Sousa, Thomas Preston Brooke, Jean M. Missud, Patrick Conway, Francesco Fanciulli, Frederick Neil Innes, and Frederick Phinney. Band music was immensely popular at the turn of century in the United States. Professional bands free of military restrictions maintained hectic touring schedules and many towns and cities across the country proudly supported local municipal bands. The repertoire of these bands, especially the professional ensembles with virtuoso soloists, drew heavily upon arrangements of music from opera and the symphonic literature. Many Americans were first exposed to music of Wagner, Verdi, Rossini, Weber, Mozart, Beethoven, and other classical composers through arrangements played by bands. A related essay by Frank Cipolla is also available. The following bands performed at the Exposition: 65th Regiment Band More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Sample programs: • Schedule of the 65th Regiment Band - June 22, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Smith College Day" (June 22, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3-4. �• Schedule of the 65th Regiment Band - July 4, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition "Independence Day" (July 4, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 4-5 • Schedule of the 65th Regiment Band - July 9, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition (July 9, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3-[4]. 74th Regiment Band More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Sample programs: • Schedule of the 74th Regiment Band - June 11, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (June 11, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3, 4. • Schedule of the 74th Regiment Band - June 22, 1901 Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Smith College Day" (June 11, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp.2 & 4. �• Schedule of the 74th Regiment Band - July 4, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition "Independence Day" (July 4, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 4. • Schedule of the 74th Regiment Band - July 9, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition (July 9, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. [4]-5. Scinta's Band More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2 Sample programs: • Schedule of the Scinta Band - August 3, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Midway Day" (August 3, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 2. • Schedule of the Scinta Band - August 21, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition "Louisiana Day" (August 21, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 3. �71st Regiment Band More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2 �Sousa's Band Photograph taken at Paris Exposition, May 12, 1900 From: New York, N.Y. Director: John Philip Sousa Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2, Page 3 John Philip Sousa with the Hawaiian Band Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Cosmopolitan, v. 31, no. 5 (September 1901) p. 504. Is this John Philip Sousa? Two images by C. D. Arnold of a person who resembles Sousa. �Robertson's Band From: Albany, N.Y. Director: Orville A. Robertson Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant Sample programs: • Schedule of Sousa's Band - June 11, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (June 11, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901, p. 4. • Schedule of Sousa's Band - June 22, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Smith College Day" (June 22, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3, 5. �Ithaca Band From: Ithaca, N.Y. Director: Patrick Conway Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Innes' Band From: New York, N.Y. Director: Frederick Neil Innes Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2 Sample programs: • Schedule of the Innes Band - October 9, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "New York State Day" (October 9, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3-4. • Schedule of the Innes Band - October 17, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "University of Buffalo Day" (October 17, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3, 5. 1st Regiment Band Chicago, Ill. Director: J. F. Hostrauser No image available Boston Ladies' Military Band From: Boston, Mass. Director: D. W. Howard Source: Music at the Pan­ American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition �Brooke's Marine Band From: Chicago, Ill. Director: Thomas Preston Brooke Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2 Sample programs: • Schedule of the Brooke's Chicago Marine Band - September 13, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan­ American Exposition - (September 13, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901 • Schedule of the Brooke's Chicago Marine Band - September 26, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan­ American Exposition - (September 26, 1901) Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 4-[5]. �Carlisle Indian Band From: Carlisle, Pa. Director: Joel Bernice Ettinger Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Sample programs: • Schedule of the Carlisle Indian Band - August 3, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Midway Day" (August 3, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p.3. • Schedule of the Carlisle Indian Band - August 21, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Louisiana Day" (August 21, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 4. • Schedule of the Carlisle Indian Band - August 25, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (August 25, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901, p.2-4. �Detroit Concert Band Detroit, Mich. No image available Elgin Band From: Elgin, Ill. Director: Joseph Hecker Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Sample programs: • Schedule of the Elgin Band - July 9, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (July 9, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p.5 • Schedule of the Elgin Band - August 3, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Midway Day" (August 3, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 2-3. �Kirk's Band Cleveland, Ohio Director: William Kirk No image available Sample programs: • Sept. 5 program Newsboys' Band of Michigan Grand Rapids, MI No image available Sample programs: • Aug. 21 program Phinney's United States Band �From: Chicago, Ill. and New York, N.Y. Director: Frederick Phinney Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2 Sample programs: • Schedule of the Phinney's United States Band - August 21, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Louisiana Day" (August 21, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p.3, 5. • Schedule of the Phinney's United States Band - August 25, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (August 25, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p.2-3, 5. Salem Cadet Band From: Salem, Mass. Director: Jean M. Missud Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Sample programs: • Schedule of the Salem Cadet Band - September 5, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "President's Day" (September 5, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 7. • Schedule of the Salem Cadet Band - September 13, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (September 13, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 2, 4. Weber's Band Cincinnati, Ohio Director: John C. Weber No image available Sample programs: • Sept. 26 program 13th Regiment Band �From: Hamilton, Ontario Director: George Robinson Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition 19th Regiment Band From: St. Catharines, Ontario Director: William Peel Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition �48th Highlanders Band From: Toronto, Ontario Director: John Slatter Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Page 1, Page 2 Sample programs: • Schedule of 48th Highlanders Band - August 29, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Cuba Day - Medina Day" (August 29, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. �First Artillery Band From: Mexico City, Mexico Director: Ricardo Pacheco More information from Music at the Pan-American Exposition Sample programs: • Schedule of the Mexican 1st Artillery Band - June 22, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Smith College Day" (June 22, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 3-5. • Schedule of the Mexican 1st Artillery Band - July 4, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Independence Day" (July 4, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p.4 • Schedule of the Mexican 1st Artillery Band - July 9, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - (July 9, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 6. �Havana Municipal Band From: Havana, Cuba Director: Guillermo M. Tomas Source: Cuba en la Exposición pan americana de Buffalo, 1901. Habana: Impr. de V. Lopez Veiga, 1901. The following text from Cuba en la Exposición pan americana de Buffalo, 1901, p. 129-130, makes note of the acclaim this band achieved at the Exposition and elsewhere. It is safe to say that nothing in connection with the Buffalo Exposition attracted greater interest, or contributed more to the pleasure of visitors from all countries and all climes, than did the music of the Police or Municipal Band of the City of Havana. Under the direction of its director, Sr. Guillermo M. Tomas, this band gained a renown in the United States such as has been seldom won by any musical organization from a foreign country. At the opening of the Wisconsin Building, where now famous musicians were invited to contribute to the pleasure of the entertainment, Mr. Tomas, was presented with a gold medal of artistic workmanship as a tribute to his ability as a leader. Another gold medal from the citizens of Boston was bestowed upon him which bears the following inscription "To Capt. G. M. Tomas, for his magnificent interpretation of our 'Star Spangled Banner". A letter which accompanied the present, contains the following. "As Americans and Patriots we have always loved the Star Spangled Banner, but not until we heard it interpreted by you, have we fully appreciated the true inspiration embodied in our own hymn." �The Director General of the Exposition, Mr. Buchanan, in response to requests, not only from commissioners of the various states but from the representatives of the Spanish American Republica, induced this band to give evening concerts in the Central Esplanade during their stay in Buffalo. The celebration of Cuba's day at the Buffalo Exposition will ever be remembered by Cubans and Americans alike, as a pleasurable and significant event, which can but foreshadow happier times to come. Sample programs: • Schedule of the Havana Municipal Band - July 4, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Independence Day" (July 4, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p. 4 • Schedule of the Havana Municipal Band - August 29, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Cuba Day - Medina Day" (August 29, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. Royal Bavarian Band Director: Herr Peuppus �Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901: Index Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901 was the official guide published by the Pan-American Exposition Company. It contains a history of the organ built by Emmons Howard, biographies of seventy-one of the organists who performed at the Temple of Music during the exposition, a schedule of band performances, and brief histories of the major bands performing at the exposition. It also contains images of most of the organists, band directors, soloists, and bands, the Temple of Music and its sculpture, and scenes of the bandstands. Having been prepared before all arrangements had been made for performances, the guide does not contain a complete listing of all organists or bands that eventually performed at the Exposition. "The Coral Harp" - Cover Art for the Guide, Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands. Artist: Alice Russell Glenny. Source: Cover page for Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands. [Buffalo, N.Y.: Pan-American Exposition Co.], 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Indexes • Organists • Conductors • Soloist • Bands and Orchestras • Temple of Music and Other Scenes • Sculpture Depicting Music Indexes to the organists, conductors, soloists, bands and orchestras, images of the Temple of Music and other Exposition scenes, and sculpture in Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901 are available below. �Organists • Allen, Nathan Henry • Lang, Benjamin Johnson • Archer, Frederic • Lawrence, John Porter • Bernier, Joseph Arthur • Maynard, Emily Loucetta • Carl, William C. • McConnell, Mary Florence • Carter, George Buonaparte • Miller, Russell King • Clark, Seth Colegrove • Percy, Richard Truman • Clarke, Robert Alexander Hallam • Radcliffe, Thomas • Clemens, Charles E. • Reed, William • Colson, William Brewster • Riddell, Ione Bush • Corey, N. J. • Riesberg, F. W. • Cushing, Samuel Dayton • Salter, Sumner • Dethier, Gaston Marie • Sanborn, E. Russell • Donahoe, J. Frank • Sans-Souci, Gertrude • Donley, W. H. • Schwartz, William Charles • Dunkley, Ferdinand • Shelley, Harry Rowe • Dussault, J. D. • Simms, Frank Henry • Eddy, Clarence • Smith, Charles Wenham • Fairclough, William Erving • Smith, Gerrit • Falk, Louis • Spenser, Fanny M, • Fisher, Mary Chappell • Stanley, Walter Peck • Flagler, Isaac Van Vleck • Stein, Christian Adolph • Frese, Ernest Gustav August • Sterling, Winthrop Smith • Galloway, Charles • Stewart, H. J. • Garratt, C. Percival • Thunder, Henry Gordon • Gibson, S. Archer • Tipton, James Benton • Gomph, William J. • Truette, Everett E. • Hammond, William Churchill • Tyler, Abram Ray • Heaton, Walter • Vibbard, Henry Leonard • Hendy, Henry Stuart • Vincent, Henry B. • Hewlett, William Henry • Warren, Samuel P. • Houseley, Henry • Webster, Andrew T. • Hunt, Hamlin H. • Wild, Harrison M. • Jarrett, William Sheridan • Wilkins, Herve Dwight • Jepson, Harry Benjamin • Woodman, Raymond Huntington • Jordan, Albert David • York, Francis L. �• Zehm, Harry J. Conductors • Brooke, Thomas Preston • Pacheco, Ricardo • Conway, Patrick • Peel, William • Fanciulli, Francesco • Phinney, Frederick • Hecker, Joseph • Powell, John • Herbert, Victor • Robertson, Orville A. • Innes, F. N. • Robinson, George • Lund, John • Scinta, Serafino • Miller, Justus G. • Slatter, John • Missud, Jean M. • Sousa, John Philip Soloists • Bendell, Alfred S. • Hardy, Grace • Cookingham, Mayo • Yeaton, Belle B Band Schedule, including three bands not listed • First Artillery Band, Mexico City below Innes' Band, New York, N.Y. Ithaca Band, Ithaca, N.Y. Bands and Orchestras • • 13th Regiment Band, Hamilton Ontario • • • 19th Regiment Band, St. Catherines, Ontario • Ladies' Military Band, Boston, Mass. • 48th Highlanders Band, Toronto, Ontario • Pan-American Orchestra, Buffalo, N.Y. • • 65th Regiment Band, Buffalo, N.Y. • Phinney's United States Band, Chicago, Ill., New • 74th Regiment Band, Buffalo, N.Y. • Pittsburgh Orchestra, Pittsburgh, Pa. • Brooke's Marine Band, Chicago, Ill. • Robertson's Band, Albany, N.Y. • Carlisle Indian Band, Carlisle, Pa. • Salem Cadet Band, Salem, Mass. • Elgin Band, Elgin, Ill. • Scinta's Band, Buffalo, N.Y. 71st Regiment Band, New York, N.Y. York, N.Y. �• Sousa's Band, New York, N.Y. Temple of Music and Other Scenes • Temple of Music • Band Stand in Plaza • Temple of Music Interior • Plaza with band stand at center • Temple of Music Organ Sculpture by Isidore Konti depicting music • Gay Music • Heroic Music • Sacred Music �Personal Accounts and Stories Nina Morgana Sang at the Pan-American Exposition as a nine-year old child. She later went on to a successful singing career at the Metropolitan Opera. Her story, with news clippings from 1901. Benita Gray Visited the Pan-American Exposition two times. Her second visit included a performance during the Welsh Day choral competition as a member of the Philharmonic Society of Utica. Her diary account contains numerous references to places and events at the Exposition and in the Buffalo area. Victor Herbert Had close friends in Buffalo (see below) well before the Pan-American Exposition. Selections from his letters about the Exposition reveal concerns about the financial well-being of the Exposition. Henry Toepfer Buffalo violinist, was friends with both Victor Herbert and John Lund (1859-1925; sometimes spelled Lunt). Herbert conducted the Pittsburgh Orchestra at the Exposition; Lund conducted the Pan-American Orchestra, made up of fifty musicians from the New York Philharmonic and Boston Symphony Orchestra. Toepfer was instrumental in getting the Herbert composition, Panamericana submitted to the Exposition music committee. As a result, Panamericana won the award for composition at the Exposition. John Philip Sousa His band were at the Pan-American Exposition June 10-July 7. Sousa played a part in establishing a nightly ritual at the Exposition. However, his account of the events vary from those found in the Final Report of the Pan-American Exposition Company. �Nina Morgana Nina Morgana, coloratura soprano, was born in Buffalo November 15, 1891 (this date has been verified from her birth certificate by James A. Drake; she is listed in the Grosses Sängerlexikon as being born in 1895) at 292 The Terrace. Morgana was known as Baby (or Child) Patti during her early years in Buffalo, after the famous singer Adelina Patti. She sang locally in Buffalo churches and schools from the age of four, but her performances at the Pan­ American Exposition's Venice in America site in 1901 presented her talents to a much larger audience. Morgana auditioned for world-famous tenor Enrico Caruso during one of his concert trips to Buffalo in May 1908. After hearing Morgana sing for him at the Iroquois Hotel, Caruso wrote to Morgana that he would make arrangements for her to study with Teresa Arkel, a legendary soprano and vocal instructor. Morgana went to Italy to study with Arkel from 1909 to 1915. After a successful 1915 debut at La Scala, Morgana joined Enrico Caruso for concert tours of the United States from 1917 to 1919. Portrait of Nina Morgana, ca.1902. This portrait of Nina Morgana appeared in the Buffalo Courier, November 16, 1902, the year after her performances at the Exposition. Photo credit: unknown. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Nina Morgana (center) with other musicians at Venice in America at the Pan-American Exposition, 1901. Photo credit: Undetermined. Source: Richard. H. Barry. Snap Shots on the Midway of the Pan-Am Expo, including characteristic scenes …. Buffalo, N.Y. : Robert Allan Reid, 1901, p.98. Courtesy of James A. Drake. Photograph courtesy of James A. Drake. �Clever Child Vocalist Baby Patti delights all who hear her. Article: "Clever Child Vocalist - Baby Patti delights all who hear her." Source: Photocopy of a 1901 Buffalo Newspaper Clipping - exact source unknown. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Note: While this article reports that she was Favorite At Exposition born in Palermo, Italy, most sources state that Nina Morgana was born in Buffalo. Pretty Little Italian Singer Is The Guest Of Honor At Many Entertainments It is little wonder that Baby Patti, who sings in the Italian Theater and in the Streets in Venice in America is a vorite with all who visit the Midway at fa the exposition. Although she is but nine years old her singing enchants all who hear her. and well deserves for her the famous name of Patti. Baby Patti made her professional debut at the opening of the exposition, but has been well known for her singing, in church and educational circles, ever since site was four years old. She sings mostly in Italian, although a few of her selectios are in English, of which the most beautiful one is " The Holy City." Nina Morgana performing at "Venice in America." Photo Credit: Undetermined. Source: Source: Richard. H. Barry. Snap Shots on the Midway of the Pan-Am Expo, including characteristic scenes . Buffalo, N.Y. : Robert Allan Reid, 1901, p.99. Nina Morgana sang her debut at the Metropolitan Opera in New York in 1920 in the role of Gilda in Verdi's Rigoletto. She remained on the roster at the Metropolitan Opera House until 1935. She married Caruso's secretary, Bruno Zirato, on June 15, 1921. Mr. Zirato later served as Assistant Manager of the New York Philharmonic and as publicity chief of the Colon Opera House in Buenos Aires. Nina Morgana died in Ithaca, N. Y. on July 8, 1986. 1 �The Metropolitan Musical Bureau Presents ENRICO CARUSO In Concert Nina Morgana Suprano Elias Breeskin Violinist Program for Performance by Enrico Caruso and Nina Morgana (cover page only). October 11, 1918 at the Broadway Auditorium, Buffalo, N.Y. Assisting Artists Salvatore Fucito At the Piano For Nr. Caruso Aan Miss Morgana L. T. Grunberg At The Piano For Mr. Bre skin Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Friday Evening, October 11th, Broadway Auditorium buffalo. N. Y. Local Director: Mrs. Mes Davis Smith Buffalo's Met Stars- II Newspaper Clipping: "Caruso Told Her That She'd Be a Great Singer." Author: Harvey Elsaesser. Source: Photocopy of scrapbook newsclipping--Buffalo Evening News, May 3, 1969. Courtesy of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library. Caruso Told Her That She’d Be A Great Singer Nina Morgana Zirato Dies at 94; Served as Caruso's Assisting Artist Nina Morgan Zurato, [il egible], a Buffalo native and the last living person to have sang on the same stage with Enrico [illegible], died Tuesday (July 8, 1980) in Ithaca. Miss Morgana, a noted opera and concert singer with the New York Metropolitan Opera, was the widow of the former managing director of the New York Philharmonic, Bruno [illegible]. Her long singing career was launched during the Pan American Exposition in Buffalo in 1901. "She was billed as "The Baby Patti" and sang for [illegible] while standing in a gondola in the Italian exhibit. She then studied for four years with the legendary Theresa Arkel to Milan. Italy During a Liberty Bond rally in 1917, she met the famed [illegible] Caruso, who was so impressed with her Obituary from Buffalo News, Thursday, July 10, 1986. Nina Morgana Zirato's Obituary.Source: Newsclipping--Buffalo News, Thursday, July 10, 1986. Courtesy of J. Warren Perry. �Diary Account of Benita Gray's Visits to the Pan-American Exposition Introduction In August 1901 Mr. and Mrs. William C. Gray of Utica, N.Y. traveled to Buffalo to attend a Prohibition convention and visit the Pan-American Exposition. They were there several days. Then in September, Mrs. (Benita) Gray returned to Buffalo to sing in the winning mixed chorus from Utica during "Welsh Day" at the Exposition when there was an Eisteddfod (music competition) being held on September 20. She recorded her experiences in a travel journal kept for such occasions. Her granddaughter, Carolyn E. Fix, having inherited her journal, has transcribed the Buffalo portion of her journal for its historical value. Samples of the Handwritten Pages of Benita Gray's Journal. Source: Kindly provided by Carolyn E. Fix, the grandaughter of Benita Gray. Cover of Mrs. William C. (Benita) Gray's Journal. Source: Kindly provided by Carolyn E. Fix, the grandaughter of Benita Gray. Sample 1 | Sample 2 Buffalo, July 31, 1901. After some disappointments we started for Buffalo, Will and I, on the Fast Mail at 2:25 P.M. [from Utica, NY]. Nothing of importance transpired and we arrived in B. at 8:10 after riding on four or five different cars. We found Uncle Simon Staley's(?) house at 834 Prospect Ave. They have a boy Arthur about 7 1/2 years old. They are very comfortably situated. They were not expecting us as they had not received my letter. We visited awhile, then went to bed. Will and I got up at 6 and took a walk out on Front St. to get a glimpse of the Niagara River and Lake Erie; the view was fine. Aunt Sim had breakfast ready when we returned. After eating Will and I went down the street and walked around a little. Then took a car to Con. [Convention] Hall to the National Prohibition Committee. There I saw Dr. Tasely, Mr. L--- , Mr. Long and several others whom I knew. At noon Portrait of Benita Gray with her husband, William Gray, of Utica, N.Y.Photo Credit: G.S. Sandford. Source: Courtesy of Carolyn E. Fix. we went to Allens restaurant for dinner and then went to the Con. in the P.M. Took a trolley and rode up around the Pan Am. Gate and to the �Con. Wrote to Evelina [her daughter, age 6, my mother]. Then went to the Yacht Club home wharf at the foot of Porter Ave. Saw a number of yachts and some large lake steamers. Got back to the house at 11 P.M. In the morning helped Auntie. Then Auntie, Will, Arthur and I went to the Con. and spent the day there until 12:30 A.M. Then went home to tea and left Arthur. [Then went back to the Con. where] we saw John G. Hutchinson of the famous Hutchinson family who used to give concerts as long ago as I can remember. He sang for us. [He was] almost 90 years old. Oliver Stewart gave an address; also Fred Victor of N.Y. City. In the eve was the Grand National Oratorical Contest, which was good but altogether too long. I got very tired. Saturday. [August 3] Auntie, Will, Arthur and I went to the Pan American. Went along the Midway. There were 56,000 people on the grounds, as this was "Midway Day". We went through the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Buildings. After lunch we went with the crowd to the Stadium. There we saw 10,000 homing pigeons liberated, balloon ascensions, races, etc., etc. Electric Tower at Night.Photographer: Arthur Hewitt. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26, Oct. 1901, Pan-American Exposition Number, p. 395. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Went into the Temple of Music where the band was playing. Sat and rested awhile. Ate our supper, then went to the Liberal Arts Building awhile. Went and sat in front of the Electric Tower. Of all the beautiful sights our Portions of the Midway Day Program.Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition "Midway Day" (August 3, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. eyes ever saw, this beats all we ever heard of. Thought of as dreamed about. In the eve they altogether look like a city of light. We could hardly get away, but we did and sat on the bank of the Lake and watched the beautiful Electric Fountain illuminated by all the colors of the rainbow. Got back to the house about ten. I was quite tired. Sunday [August 4] Wrote a little. Uncle, Will, Auntie and I went to Normal (?) Memorial M.E. Church. Enjoyed the service very much. Mr. wrote to Alma after dinner. In the P.M. we all went to Forest Lawn Cemetery to cousin Frankie's grave. Walked �around a good deal; met Mr. Wordwell. Saw a beautiful lake with hundreds of goldfish in it and swans. Also some fine monuments in glass cases; one of a little girl, one of a young man that died suddenly just as his mother was handing him a rose. Saw the Crematory (?). Then came back to the house and had supper. Auntie, Will, Arthur and I went back to the same church, visited awhile, then went to bed early. Monday [August 5] Will went to find some feather renovators [he was in that business]. We met him at ten o'clock at the foot of Main St. wharf. Took the steamer Superiorand went to Crystal Beach. That is a fine sandy beach on the Canadian side of Lake Erie about 10 miles from Buffalo. There are some fine hotels and a great many cottages there where people are spending their summers. Then we met Mr. and Miss Beechwood of Utica and had our lunch there. The boat was late, so we did not get back to B. till four. Auntie and Arthur went home and Will and I went down to the wharf to see the grain boats and elevators, which was a great sight. Then went through several large dry goods stores and made some purchases. Had soda water in one. Went and sat in the park and rested and ate popcorn. Got home at eight, had a late supper and wrote some. New York State Building. Artist: Unidentified. Source: From a postcard produced by the Niagara Envelope Manufactory, Buffalo, N. Y., 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �Tuesday [August 6] Will and I got an early start to the Exposition. Visited the N.Y. State Building, Life-Saving Station, and South American, Cuba, Mexico, Alaska, Puerto Rico, U.S. Government, and Model Dairy [buildings]. Took a ride on the smallest railroad in the world and wrote our names in the biggest book in the world. Met Auntie and Arthur at 1 o'clock, had our lunch and went in the Manufacturers Building. In the Music Hall heard a grand organ recital. It rained. We visited the Electrical Building. Auntie and Arthur went home early. We had lunch and went around and through the Midway. Got back to the house about 9 o'clock. Saw John Royhill. Wednesday [August 7] It rained in the morn. About 9 we went through the market with Auntie, then Will and I went to the Pan. Went in the East Amherst Gate. Visited the Canadian, Missouri,Agricultural and Railroad [buildings]. Then we went in the Fish Commission. Saw the famous Tiffany diamond worth 100,000 dollars, also his case of jewelry worth 1,000,000 dollars. Went in the New York State Building, saw a lot on the Midway and got home about eight. Quite tired. Wrote to Mrs. Johnson and Eva Jones. Venice in America. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American and Its Midway. Philadelphia: J. Murray Jordan, 1901. �Thursday [August 8] Got up early. Arthur and I took a walk down on Seventh and Front avenues. Then Will and I went up to the Ex. and visited the Ostrich farm, [and the] Agricultural, Penn., N.J., New England, Chile, Ohio, and Minnesota buildings. Had dinner at the Nebraska Sod House. Saw the Art Gallery. Wrote to [several friends], went in Venice in America, Machinery and Manufacturers [buildings]. Had lunch at the Dairy and waited to see the Tiffany Fountain lighted up. Got back to the house at 9 o'clock. My Auntie had a chicken supper. Niagara Falls Friday [August 9] Got up at 6 o'clock, packed my satchels, bade them goodbye. Started for Niagara Falls at 9:35. The sight is a grand one that I shall never forget. Took a ride on the Maid of the Mist; had to wear rubber cloaks. Then Will and I took a ride on the wirtrell (?) Railroad. Also took the Grand Gorge Route, it was a grand ride. Saw the Suspension Bridge. Then went to Lewiston and saw the head of Lake Ontario. Then went back to Niagara Village and took a walk out on the grand bridge to Goat Island. Got our lunch. Took the 3:45 train back to Buffalo and expected to leave for Utica at 5:15, but could not 'till 7:10. Nothing of importance transpired on the homeward stretch, except a hard thunderstorm and a minor accident which detained us about 30 minutes. Arrived in Utica about 1:20 A.M. Sat. morn and at home sweet home at two. Found all safe and sound. Utica, the next Monday cousin Ruth Broadwell and daughter Creta (?) Merriman came and stayed until the next Friday. I went with them. Mina, Evelina and Alma came from Lebanon Sat. the 10th to tea at Edwina's., [to] Mrs. Chas. Griffins of 8 West St. and then to Mrs. Miller at 233 Rutger St. E. [Edwina?] and I went as far as Rome with them and spent the day with Eva [Evalina?]. When we arrived home [201 Howard Ave.] we found "Carrie Nation" and her hatchet at our house. She spent the night with us. [She was the famous radical prohibitionist who traveled around chopping up liquor bars with her hatchet. Therefore Carry Nation �she was not welcome in many hotels and had to stay in private homes. My grandmother was also an ardent Prohibitionist.] The Philharmonic Society gave a supper in the Auditorium. I went and when I got home I found Mrs. Pratt here from New Haven. She stayed a week. The next Tuesday, Glen Leigh came, she stayed 'till Friday. Wed. Mrs. Barker came from Oneida Castle, she stayed one night. Then Mrs. Rowlands spent the P.M. Mag. and a Mrs. Celingman (?) of Chicago called. Nellie and Evelina started for Rome and did not get back 'till Sat. 11 A.M. Aug. 31. Sept. 2. Labor Day. Henry Lee(?) and wife of Webster, Ia, came. They stayed 'till Thursday. Spent most of my time with them. Friday [Sept. 6] President McKinley was shot and wounded at the Pan. Am. In Buffalo. Leon Czolgosz, assassin of President William McKinley. Photographed September 5, 1901 by the Department of Police, Buffalo N.Y. Copy courtesy of the Buffalo and Erie County Histoical Society. President William McKinley.Photographer: Francis B. Johnston. Source: The Life of William McKinley, Including a Genealogical Record of the McKinley Family and Copious Extracts From the Late President's Public Speeches, Messages to Congress, Proclamations, and Other State Papers . New York, P. F. Collier & Sons, 1901. �[Sept. 10] Was my 46th birthday and also my 23rd wedding anniversary. The Philharmonic Society gave a concert at the State Hospital. Friday eve we gave a grand concert at the Auditorium; made our two hundred dollars. President McKinley died at the Milburn House in Buffalo at 2 A.M. Sat. morn., the 14th of Sept. Buffalo, Wed. morn the 18th The Philharmonic Society started for Buffalo at 8:58. The 125 members arrived at our destination at 2:30 P.M. [We then] went to the Ansteth Hotel on the corner of Grant and Military. Later Edwina, Leroy Jones and I went to the Pan American and visited Machinery Hall and the Temple of Music. The Brooks Marine Band [i.e. Thomas Preston Brooke's Chicago Marine Band] was just playing The Sweetest Story Ever Told when we went in. Then we saw the Tiffany Fountain. Met Roy and Lee, had lunch together and went down to the Midway. Went back to our hotel at 11 o'clock and had coffee. Thursday [the 19th] Everything closed on account of the President's funeral We had a rehearsal in Dearborn Street Baptist Church. Then most of the chorus went to Niagara Falls. Edwina and I went up on Prospect Ave. to call on Aunt Staley(?). Found her sick in bed. Went downtown and had dinner at the "Acorn". Went to the top of Ellicott Sq. Then went to see the Milburn Home where McKinley died. Spent the P.M. and eve at Emma Ayres at 128 Norwood Ave. Had a very pleasant time. Got back to the Ansteth at 10 o'clock. Friday morn [the 20th]. Edwina, Leroy, Miss Philpott and I took Funeral cortege of President McKinley on Delaware Avenue, Buffalo.Photographer: Unidentified. Source: A Buffalo, NY newspaper clipping from September 19, 1901. a car for the Ex. Had a lot of fun. Visited the N.Y. State Building, Mines, Horticultural, Government, and Dairy [exhibits], and several State buildings and ate our lunch near the [Nebraska] sod house. Spent most of the P.M. in the Temple of Music at the Welsh Day Eisteddfod [music competition]. Our Cecilians Ladies Chorus of 32 voices won first prize of $175.00. Miss Philpott and I went in �Agricultural Hall and then had a boat ride on the Canal. Met E.[Edwina?], had our lunch and went to the Temple of Music for the evening session. Our Haydens [male chorus] won second prize of $75.00, our Helen Griffith first prize of $10.00 for alto solo and the pieces we [the chorus] sang were "We Never Will Bow Down" [by Handel] and "God So Loved the World" [by Sir John Stainer]. Prof A­ ----- , Adjudicator. The Temple of Music Interior. Artist: Esenwein and Johnson, Architects. Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City : Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan­ American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N.Y. : Canisius College Press, 2001. From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. Prof. I. T. Daniel was our conductor [and Daniel Protheroe conducted the Eisteddfod]. And last but not least our mixed chorus of 125 voices, the Philharmonic Society of Utica, sang and won first prize of $1,000.00. (This is the chorus to which I belong). And all of the jollyfications I ever saw, that took the lead. We had coffee and did not go to bed 'till the wee small hours. The house did not quiet down 'till 4 A.M. Welsh DAY. Program For Eisteddfod. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Afternoon Session. Temple Of Music, 2 P. M. Overture. ............. ....... Prof. Edward Broome, Montreal, Canada. Introduction of the Conductor, W. E. Powell (Gwilym Eryri) Chicago, Ill, Address by the President, Rev D. Rhoslyn Davis, Allegheny City, Pa. Singing, “Hen Wlad by Nhadau” Conducted by Prof. Wm. Ap Madoc, Chicago, Ill. Bass Solo Competition, “Now Heaven in Fullest Glory" "Haydn's Creation" Prize $10.00 Soprano Solo Competition, “I Know That My Redeemer Liveth” “Handel’s Messiah” Prize $10.00 Adjudication on Bass Solo Female Chorus Competition, “Lullaby” (Brahm) and “Bridal of the Birds” 1st Prize $175.00, 2nd Prize $75.00, Adjudication on Soprano Solo evening Session, Temple Of Music, 8 P. M. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Overture. .. Prof. Edward Broome, Montreal, Canada. Short Address by the Conductor, W. E. Powell, (Gwilym Eryri), Chicago. Singing, Conducted by Prof. Dan'l Protheroe Tenor Solo Competition, “In Native Worth” “Haydn's Creation” Prize $10.00 Adjudication on Ladies Chorus Male Chorus Competition “song of the Pilgrim” (J. Hayden Morris Mus. Bac 1st Prize $175.00., 2nd Prize $75.00. Adjudication on Tenor Solo Contralto Solo Competition, “He was Despised” “Handel’s Messiah” Prize $10.00 Adjudication on Male Chorus Adjudication on Contralto Solo. Mixed Chorus, Chief Competition, “God So Loved the World” (Sir J. Stainer) and "We Never Will Bow Down" (Handel) 1st Prize $1,000.00, 2nd Prize $150.00 Adjudication on Mixed Chorus Welsh Day Program for Eisteddfod.Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "Welsh Day" (September 20, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901, p.2 The Philharmonics. Popular and Successful Musical Organization. It will be a long time before the re cent achievement of the Utica Philhar monic Society at the Pan-American Eisteddfod will be forgotten. In compe tition with capable singers from other parts of the country they easily carried off first prize, thus winning honor for themselves and reflecting credit upon the city. A Utica Newsclipping: "The Philharmonics". Source: The Saturday Globe, October 8, 1901 �Sat. morn. Edwina, Leroy, Miss Philpott and myself took a car downtown, had breakfast at the "Acorn" and did some shopping. Edwina left us to start for Utica. The rest Amusements. went to the Ex. and visited the Forestry, Indian Village, and Fish Commission [exhibits]. Then we took dinner at the Nebraska Sod House and went in Manufactory Hall. Saw Miss Libbie Ansleth Alaske(?) and met Leroy. We then went to the Johnstown Flood Bazaar and up and down the Midway. We left the grounds early, went to the Hotel and dressed in a hurry. We gave a grand concert in the Convention Hall in the City of Buffalo, which was a "success". Did not get up very early. Sunday. Packed our baggage and breakfasted. Leroy and I took a car and went to the Lake Erie front. Most of our chorus went home early Sunday morn. Called at Auntie's. She and Arthur went back to the Ansteth [Hotel] as she Grand Concert City Convention Hail, (Corner Virginia. St. and Elmwood Arc.) Saturday Evening, Sept. 21, Given by the Prize Winners of the Eisteddfod (Welsh Musical Festival) Selections will be rendered by the male, female and mixed choirs of from 50 to 125 voices each, who win the prizes at the Eisteddfod held in the Temple of Music at the, Pan-American on Welsh Day, Sep tember 20; also solos by the winners of Buffalo Courier, Sept. 19, 1901 Friday and Saturday. and they [the Ansteths?] were old friends and they had a turkey dinner. Then all hands had our pictures taken by J.P. Williams in back of the house. We started for Utica at 3:10 P.M. Arrived here at 9:15 all safe and sound. Took a bath and went to bed at 11. Very tired and with quite a hard cold The Utica, N.Y. Philharmonic Choir, 1901. Photographer: Carl K. Frey. Source: Utica Newspaper Clipping. (Possibly the Saturday Globe?) Benita Gray is visible in the photograph directly behindthe woman in the first row with a dark waist-tie (just to left of center gentleman). Tuesday eve, Oct 1. Had a meeting called to give Prof. Daniel $100.00, Miss Utter, our pianist, $25.00; Bert White Sect. and Mr. William Tree(?) $10.00 each. The balance was then divided equally among the 125 singers [which figures out at $6.84 each]. [The average annual income in 1900 was $400.] �Victor Herbert Victor Herbert and the Pittsburgh Orchestra were hired to perform at the Pan-American Exposition for a period towards the end of the Exposition. Herbert had close friends in Buffalo, including conductor John Lund and violinist Henry Toepfer. But he also had concerns about the financial arrangements with the Exposition Company. These concerns are reflected in some brief letters from Victor Herbert to George Henry Wilson, manager of the Pittsburgh Orchestra.1 June 9th, 1900 Dear Mr. Wilson, Yours of June 7th at hand. As to the Buffalo Expo., 4 or 5 weeks would be very acceptable. It would be best to get September and October time, in one way, on the other hand if the Expo. Is not a great financial success it is much better to get time in the early part of the affair; you're sure of your Victor Herbert money then. I have had experiences of this kind. You will always have to figure in R.R. exp. both ways, no matter what part of the engagement you take. If you charge them $3000 a week on a minimum 4 weeks engagement, as you suggest, it's about right.... The shooting of President McKinley on September 6, 1901 at the Pan-American Exposition heightened Herbert's concerns about financial arrangements with the Exposition Company. He stated the following in a letter written to Wilson September 14th, the day of McKinley's deatth. The deplorable death of the president will certainly settle that one extra week in Buffalo. Under the circumstances we can't expect to get it. They are certainly getting it "in the neck." �Pittsburgh Orchestra. From: Pittsburgh, Pa. Conductor: Victor Herbert. Source: Music at the Pan-American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. In a September 25th letter to Wilson, Herbert expressed his concerns about being paid for the Exposition engagement. As to the Buffalo engagement I want to say this: Lund with his orchestra played from 2-4 and 8-10. I hope this will be our time too. Since we can't play in the open air, I don't see how or why they should shift us around much. I will send you the program tomorrow. I've had a terrible cold and was unable to do anything but cough and sneeze. I hope that you will see that we get all the advertising we ought to have before we arrive and when we get there. I know that the Buffalo Expo. People are very hard up, and that several of the organizations had the devil's own time to collect the money due them. They are perfectly honest all right enough, but they don't seem to have it! I hope however they will do some business from now on and that we will have no trouble of that kind. After Wilson apparently replied that the contract with the Exposition could be broken, Herbert replied in part with the following on October 1st. What I said about Buffalo was that I knew they had had hard times paying their attractions, but that they didfinally. I don't see how we could ask then now "if the money was all right" at this time. All we can do now is to hope for a better attendance at the fair, and to insist upon prompt payment ... when the time comes. �Victor Herbert's Panamericana Victor Herbert also contributed to the Pan-American Exposition by composing a work, Panamericana: Morceau Characteristique, for the orchestra to perform. The work, dedicated to the President of the Pan-American Exposition, John Milburn, was first played at the Exposition on October 14th in the Temple of Music. In another letter to Wilson, Herbert stated the following about his piece, Panamericana: The piece is of the more popular order and will make a hit. The first part is "supposed" to be "Indian" the second part "ragtime" (modern America) and the trio "Cuban" or Spanish character. Cover Art for Victor Herbert's Panamericana: Morceau Characteristique. Source: Panamericana : morceau charateristique / by Victor Herbert. New York : M. Witmark & Sons, 1901. Courtesy of the Buffalo and Erie County Public Library The program for the October 17th performances by the Pittsburgh Orchestra conducted by Victor Herbert. The evening concert featured the performance of Panamericana. Schedule of Victor Herbert's Pittsburgh Orchestra - October 17, 1901. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan-American Exposition - "University of Buffalo Day" (October 17, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. pp. 4-5. Reference: 1. All of the quotes are from Edward N. Waters's book, Victor Herbert: A Life in Music, New York: Macmillan, 1955. �Henry Toepfer, John Lund, and Victor Herbert The following account was written by Conrad Toepfer Jr., based on recollections of his grandfather, violinist Henry Toepfer: As I write this, I sit under a large framed photograph on the wall of my den. Taken in the early 1890's, it shows members of the Saratoga, NY [Grand Union] Hotel summer orchestra sitting on the hotel's steps. Victor Herbert and my grandfather, Henry Toepfer, are seated next to each other in the second row. Their friendship was the basis for the following Pan American Exposition anecdote. Victor Herbert, Henry Toepfer, John Lund, and other Buffalo musicians at the Grand Union Hotel in Saratoga, New York (early 1900's). Photo credit: unidentified. Source: Photograph kindly provided by Conrad Toepfer Jr.Victor Herbert and Henry Toefer are second and third from the left (respectively) in the middle row of performer. �John Lund directed the orchestra there during the 1890s, beginning in 1892 or 1893. Victor Herbert began conducting the Pittsburgh Orchestra at the hotel in July 1902. Photographer unidentified. Victor Herbert John Lund, Conductor. Photo credit: unidentified. Source: Geschichte der Deutschen in Buffalo und Erie County, N.Y. mit biographien und illustrationen hervorragender DeutschAmerikaner, welche zur Entwickelung der Stadt Buffalo beigetragen haben. Buffalo, N.Y. : Reinecke & Zesch, 1897 (1898 printing). p. 172. Henry Toepfer. Photo credit: unidentified. Source: Cropped from the larger group photograph of Victor Herbert, Henry Toepfer, John Lund, and other Buffalo musicians at the Grand Union Hotel in Saratoga, New York. The photograph was kindly provided by Conrad Toepfer, Jr. Born in Dublin, Ireland, Herbert's father died when Victor was 5 years old. His mother remarried to a German physician and Victor was raised in Germany. Victor was a cellist and my grandfather played violin and viola. The close friendship they formed while attending the Würzburg Musical Conservatory continued during their remaining years in Germany and after they came to the United States. Herbert soon became one of the world's foremost cellists, composing two cello concertos still in the classical music repertory. After marrying Vienna Opera soprano Therese Forrester, Herbert and his wife decided to come to the United States. She was engaged by the Metropolitan Opera and Herbert was hired as the opera orchestra's principal cellist and assistant conductor of the New York Philharmonic. My grandfather had secured an appointment to the Buffalo Symphony and Herbert asked him to make the trip to New York with he and his wife. John Lund, then conductor of the Buffalo Philharmonic, was also conductor of the summer orchestra at the Saratoga Hotel. He engaged my grandfather for those engagements and was seeking a cellist. My grandfather recommended Herbert and the two old friends played together in the Saratoga Hotel orchestra for several summers (conductor Lund is seated in the front of players in the photograph.) In the mid-1890s, Herbert began writing popular music, eventually becoming best known for his operettas. My grandfather wrote Herbert about the competition for a musical theme for the upcoming Pan American Exposition. Herbert composed a piece, entitled Pan Americana, and sent it to my grandfather for his opinion. Although my grandfather urged that Herbert enter it in the competition, Herbert was not certain it could win and asked for its return. �Before returning it, my grandfather copiedPan Americana and entered it in the competition under Herbert's name. The work won the competition and my grandfather was principal violist in the orchestra for the first performance of Pan Americana in the Temple of Music on October 14, 1901. —Conrad Toepfer Jr., 2001 �John Philip Sousa The night-time illumination of the grounds and buildings was perhaps the most extraordinary feature of the Exposition. The thousands of lights, controlled by special rheostats, were lit gradually every evening to reach their full power. Although the following two accounts are contradictory in terms of the musical details, they both attest to the power that the illumination held for people attending the Exposition. John Philip Sousa is the central figure in both accounts. From the Final Report of the Pan-American Exposition Company by William Buchanan. Buffalo, N.Y.: N. P., 1902. One of the incidents connected with the musical features of the Exposition and which became a feature later was the playing of "The Star Spangled Banner" by all bands on the grounds at the moment the lights throughout the Exposition were switched on in the evening. This feature had its origin with Sousa's band, which for three nights played "Nearer My God to Thee" as the lights were being turned. In order that a distinct feature might be created out of the lighting of the Exposition each evening, it was deemed by this office peculiarly appropriate and desirable that our national air should take the place of that piece of music, and an instruction was given Mr. Sousa to that effect; this instruction he at once carried out, and from and after that time all bands were similarly instructed to do so. It thus came about that the music of "The Star Spangled Banner" begun by each and every band on the grounds as the first glow of the hundreds of thousands of electric lights appeared and began to show in fire the outlines of the buildings of the Exposition, became an emotional, uplifting, exquisite feature of the Exposition and one that will undoubtedly linger as one of the most delightful memories of the Exposition with every one who had the pleasure and good fortune to be present at such a time. �From Marching Along: Recollections of Men, Women, and Music by John Philip Sousa. Boston: Hale, Cushman & Flint, 1928. p. 230­ 231. At the close of the Willow Grove season we left for Buffalo and opened there on June 10, 1901 for a month at the Pan-American Exposition. I noticed at our first evening concert that the lights were suddenly dimmed until the grounds were shrouded in darkness; then a little light appeared, the illumination grew steadily, till, brightening and brightening, the full blaze was restored. It was new at that time and had an almost supernatural effect on the watchers. When you burrow deep into the heart of the real America you will discover an intense affection for the old hymn tunes of the churches. Whatever a man's religious convictions, a hymn tune reaches his heart quicker than any other burst of music. Remembering this, I contrived the next evening, when the illumination began to wane, to have the band softly begin, "Nearer My God to Thee', and as the lights grew the band crescendoed and swelled out its power to the utmost. The effect was thrilling! It was afterward the subject of much editorial comment. One paper said, "It was left to the bandmaster to discover the meaning of the John Philip Sousa illumination. The music was inspiring and beautiful." I received hundreds of letters of congratulation, and the crowds flocked to the bandstand. After several days, someone in authority sent me an order to substitute "The Star Spangled Banner" for Nearer "My God to Thee." Now patriotic songs are inspiring only on patriotic occasions; at other times their appeal is purely perfunctory. But, having been trained to obey orders, I played "The Star Spangled Banner" the next night. Morning brought a number of written protests. In three nights the order was revoked and I was requested to resume "Nearer My God to Thee." The official had doubtless found out the real preference of the public. �Ethnic Music at the Pan-American Exposition Performance of music from other cultures was a very popular feature of the Exposition. Musical performances from Japan, the Philippines, Hawaii, Argentina, Italy, Mexico, Africa, and the Middle East could be heard throughout the Midway and cultural exhibits. To the biased ears of contemporary Western listeners these performances must have ranged from new and exotic to bizarre. However, to serious musicians and anthropologists the performances presented an unprecedented opportunity to hear music from these cultures performed by native musicians on native instruments. Band of Mexican musicians in McGarvie's Streets of Mexico in the Midway. Photographer: C. D. Arnold? Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo 1901, p. 87. Photograph from the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. Band of musicians in the Philippine Village.Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American and Its Midway. Philadelphia: J. Murray Jordan, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Mexican marimba players in McGarvie's Streets of Mexico in the Midway. The four players are identified in the Sept. 27, 1901 Buffalo Courier as brothers Henrique, Julius, Carlos and Adolphus Olivar. They are performing on three marimbas comprising high, middle, and low registers. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Rand-McNally Hand-Book to the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo and Niagara Falls. Chicago and New York: Rand, McNally & Co., 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Hawaiian musicians with John Philip Sousa.Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol.31, no. 5 (September 1901) p. 504. �Musicians in the Streets of Cairo and Beautiful Orient on the Midway Drummer in the Beautiful Orient section of the Midway attracting customers for a vendor. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 90. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Musicians and dancers in "Akoun's Beautiful Orient". Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American and Its Midway. Philadelphia: J. Murray Jordan, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Dance and musical troupe in the Beautiful Orient section of the Midway preparing for a performance.Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated, by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 89. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. Musicians and dancers in the Streets of Cairo.Photographer: Unidentified. Source: The Pan-American and Its Midway. Philadelphia: J. Murray Jordan, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �The Entrance to Akoun's Beautiful Orient. Photographer: A.R. Dugmore. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 435 African musicians in procession through the streets of the Midway.Photographer: Carlos E. Cummins. Source: Courtesy of Buffalo Museum of Science. The African Village in the Exposition's Midway was temporary home to ninety-eight natives of Africa. Fortunately, many of the instruments from African nations were deposited at the Buffalo Museum of Science and are still part of their collections. The collection includes drums, bells, rattles, thumb pianos, a marimba, harps, and guitars from countries that include Dahomey, Gabon, South Africa, and the Congo. �Guitar (Congo?).Photographer: Unknown. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Museum of Science. Single Headed Drum - (Dahomey)Photographer: Unknown. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Museum of Science. Single-headed drum (Dahomey?).Photographer: Unknown. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Museum of Science. 8-stringed Harp (Gabon). Photographer: Unknown. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Museum of Science. Detail from single-headed drum (Dahomey?)Photographer: Unknown. Source: Courtesy of The Buffalo Museum of Science All of the African Village images are courtesy of the Buffalo Museum of Science. �Musicians at the Venice in America site in the Midway. Photographer: unidentified Source: Pan-American Exposition Scrapbook [n.p., 1901?]. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. �The Organ in the Temple of Music and the Organists Who Performed at the Pan­ American Exposition When it was initially proposed that daily organ recitals be held at the Temple of Music over the course of five months at the Exposition, the reaction of the directors was not enthusiastic. However, principally through the efforts of Simon Fleischmann, a member of the Committee on Music, a successful plan was developed to invite more than seventy organists from the United States, Canada, England, Belgium, and Germany to perform. The committee made a special effort to include noted American women organists as well, and six women were listed in the preliminary guide, Music at the Pan-American Exposition: Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo 1901, [Buffalo, N. Y.: The Pan-American Exposition Company], 1901. Interior of the Temple of Music, Showing the Position of the Organ. Artist(s): Esenwein & Johnson, Architects. Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. From the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. �The history of the organ installed in the Temple of Music is less than clear. It has been reported that the organ was originally ordered from builder Emmons Howard by the St. Louis Church on Main Street, but how it came to be used at the Exposition is not clear. The original cost of the organ was $18,000. Temple of Music Organ. Photo Credit: Unknown. Source: The Tracker, v. 14, no. 2 (Winter 1970). Courtesy of Stephen Pinel. Candid photograph of the Interior of the Temple of Music. Photographer: Unknown Source: Music Images from the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901, Music Library, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Collection Number: Mus. Arc. 8: Item PA12. Courtesy of Brenda Battleson. After the Exposition the organ was installed in the Elmwood Music Hall, where it was in use until 1938 when the old hall was replaced by Kleinhans Music Hall. The organ was put into storage in the barns on Cassy Street where it deteriorated beyond repair. An article in the May 19, 1942 issue of the Buffalo News reported that the remains of the organ had been sold for $165. Descriptions of the 4-manual organ exist in the Exposition's booklet, Music at the Pan­ American Exposition, Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo 1901, (p. 4-5) and in Emmons Howard's own pamphlet, The Great Organ in the Temple of Music, Buffalo, N.Y. : built by Emmons Howard & Son, Westfield, Mass., and Buffalo, N.Y. The specifications state that the organ contained a total of 3228 organ pipes, a moderately large organ for its time. Howard utilized the latest in contemporary technology in building the organ, including sforzando and crescendo pedals, an enclosed Choir division, adjustable combination action, and tubular pneumatic action. He was awarded a gold medal at the Exposition for his design. Emmons Howard Emmons Howard was born in Brimfield, Mass. October 1, 1845 and died in Westfield, Mass. on March 18, 1931. After working for noted organ builders William A. Johnson and John Steere, Howard opened his own organ building business in 1883. Although Howard had hoped to parlay the success of the Exposition organ into William J. Gomph �more business contracts, this did not occur and he continued operating a fairly small business until his retirement in 1929. One of the tangential questions regarding the organ in the Temple of Music regards which piece of music was being played by official Exposition organist William J. Gomph at the time Leon Czolgosz shot President William McKinley. Most sources state that Gomph was performing a Bach sonata at the time. However, according to an interview by organist Dr. David Bond with Gomph's daughter Martha Gomph in June 2001, he was quietly playing Robert Schumann's Träumereifrom Kinderscenen. According to the Final Report to the Director-General in the Pan-American Exposition Company Papers, seventy-one organists performed at the Exposition at a cost of only $7000. The Report refers to the five months of concerts as "the most extensive and artistic series of organ recitals ever given in the world." According to the daily programs, 197 organ recitals were given at the Temple of Music by the end of the Exposition. The roster of organists that performed at the Exposition was an extraordinarily rich one. Brief biographies and portraits of the organists, including those listed on this web page, can be found Clarence Eddy in Music at the Pan-American Exposition: Organists, Orchestras, Bands, Buffalo, 1901. The list includes famous American organists, such as Clarence Eddy and Henry Gordon Thunder. It also includes eight organists who were either from or residing in Buffalo: Seth Colgrove Clark, William J. Gomph, who at 23 years of age was appointed official Exposition organist, Henry Stuart Hendy, William Sheridan Jarrett, Emily Loucetta Maynard, Mary Florence McConnell, Gerrit Smith, and Henry Gordon Thunder Andrew T. Webster. Buffalo Organists at the Pan-American Exposition Seth Colegrove Clark Henry Stuart Hendy William Sheridan Jarrett Emily Loucetta Maynard Gerrit Smith �Mary Florence McConnell Andrew T. Webster �Musical Instruments Visitors to the As the largest musical instrument at the Exposition, the Pan-American Exhibition Buffalo, N. Y. Emmons Howard organ in the Temple of Music was the most will see These Piano and also hear the (marvellous invention) Piano Players visible representation of the strength of the American musical Claviola Accenting individual notes instrument manufacturing industry at the turn of the century. The manufacture of pianos was in the midst of an increase that and executing the most difficult and classical music in the Daily Concerts. Advertisement for performances in the "Liberal Art Building". Advertisement for the Ludwig Piano and Claviola Exhibits. Source: n/a would reach its peak in 1909 with more than 364,000 pianos made in that year. The manufacture of reed organs, predominantly made for home use, reached a peak in 1904 with 113,000 built. The manufacture of band instruments was also increasing to meet the demand created by the proliferation of bands throughout the country. The major opportunity for musical instrument makers to display their goods was at the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. Approximately twenty instrument makers or suppliers exhibited their wares at this venue, including John C. Haynes & Co., C. G. Conn, Buescher Co., Ludwig & Co., Melville Clark Co., Krell Piano Co., and Kimball Co. The relatively new player piano and organ mechanisms were also on display, with Ludwig and Melville Clark exhibiting new player piano models, and Kimball and Aeolian Co. demonstrating their new models of player organs (with Aeolian displaying in the Mission Building). Another example of a mechanical instrument was the $10,000 orchestrion used in Frank C. Bostock's Midway attraction, the Golden Chariots. The Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. Artist: Harry Fenn. Source: Reproduced in Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo May 1 to November 1, 1901. Its Purpose and Plan. [Buffalo, N. Y. : The Pan-American Exposition Company], 1901. p.12 �Advertisement: Pan-American Exposition (1901) Styles of Ludwig Pianos. Source: American Songs: A Collection of National Airs, [n.p., 1901]. Complements of Denton, Cottier & Daniels, Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. This songbook advertised all models of Ludwig Pianos exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition. �The Aeolianline of player pipe organs, ranging in price from $3000 to $80000, was designed as an instrument for home use. The organ could be played by using music rolls or the keyboard. The descriptive booklet that Aeolian produced for the Exposition, Music and Art, includes a list of forty-two musical selections available in the catalog of over 10,000 titles. The daily program for the Thursday October 3rd organ recital by Frank Taft in the Mission Building shows musical selections that match those listed in Aeolian's list of available music rolls. This suggests that the performance was most likely one demonstrating the mechanical capability of the instrument rather than a "live" recital performed at the keyboard. Aeolian Pipe Organ Recital. The Aeolian Pipe Organ Recital in the Mission Frank Taft, New York. 1 Prologue "Pagliacci”- 3 Elevation- 3 Polka de la Relate- 4 Le Rouet d'Omphale- 5 Hungarian Dance- 6 Serenade- 7 Selection from Opera, "Kaoru"- 8 Prelude Act 1 "Carmen" Leoncavilo Chaminade Building. Source: Official Daily Program of the Pan­ American Exposition - "Nebraska-Toronto Day" Raff Saint-Saens Brahms (October 3, 1901). Buffalo, N.Y.: The Exposition Company, 1901. p.4. Taft Paderewski Biret Steinway & Sons built a special grand piano as a presentation instrument for New York State and its State Building at the Exposition. The New York State Building was the only building designed as a permanent structure at the Exposition. It still stands today as the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society building. The piano is adorned with the State Seal on its cover. The black and white photographs below show the piano as it was placed in the New York State Building during the Exposition. Notice the original attached lamp stands, which are now missing. The color photographs, taken with kind permission of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, show the piano as it stands a century later. Piano by the Grand Staircase of the NYS Building - 1901. Photo Credit: Unknown. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan­ American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902. Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Piano in the NYS Building - 1901. Photo Credit: Unknown. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902. Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. Restored Pan-American Piano - 2001.Source: Photographed with kind permission of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, April 2001 Restored Pan-American Piano showing NYS Seal - 2001. Source: Photographed with kind permission of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, April 2001 Restored Pan-American Piano - 2001 - (view 3) Source: Photographed with kind permission of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, April 2001 Restored Pan-American Piano - 2001 - (view 2) Source: Photographed with kind permission of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, April 2001 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Music and Musicans at the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource Music was a major component of the many offerings of the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, 1901. It encompassed orchestral, band, organ, choral, and ethnic music, as well as performances by noted vocalists and instrumentalists. Displays and demonstrations of instrument manufacturers were also part of the Exposition's musical offerings. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-music-and-musicians Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--United States--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901:Buffalo, N.Y.) Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.)--Songs and music Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a515a18dc568c2a021e6e002442a2958.pdf 662af1508e896003a71be566dd5c3b64 PDF Text Text Health Care and Medical Technology This portion of the exhibit, Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901, provides a fascinating glimpse into the general state of health care and medical technology available at the turn of the century. What could attendees at the Exposition expect in terms of hygiene and health care? Were restroom facilities provided, and were they kept clean? Were doctors and medical equipment available on the grounds? Who drove the ambulance that carried the wounded President McKinley? These pages contain some interesting and less well-known facts about maladies that befell Pan-Am goers, what attendees could expect in terms of health-care and hygiene, the medical equipment available at the time, the caregivers who tended to visitors, and information about other health-related events that occurred on the Exposition grounds. • Lavatory facilities at the Exposition Public comfort and the sanitary conditions of lavatory facilities were a major concern of an exposition that expected to draw close to ten million visitors. • Dr. Roswell Park The enormous task of overseeing daily medical care and disease prevention at the Pan-Am fell to Dr. Roswell Park, Medical Director of the Exposition. • Medical Exhibits Medical exhibits were scattered throughout the grounds and displayed the technical advances of the time. Visitors could find exhibitors showing medical devices ranging from prosthetic limbs for amputees to the pocket sized "Pan­ Am Microscope." Discussed in this portion of Illuminations will be: • o The Infant incubators with real infants o X-ray machines o The Pan-Am Microscope o Food and Health The Emergency Hospital The staff at the Exposition's hospital treated everything from daily cases of diarrhea to President McKinley's gunshot wound, and staff made sure the numerous food vendors adhered to hygienic practices and monitored the lavatory facilities. �• The Exposition Ambulance The Exposition's ambulance, driven by F. T. Ellis, was most famously used to ferry President William McKinley from the Temple of Music to the Exposition hospital after he was shot by Leon Czolgosz September 6, 1901. • International Nursing Conventions Buffalo nurses played a prominent role at nursing conventions being held at the Exposition featuring speakers such as Dr. Anita Newcomb McGee and Lavinia Dock. �The Necessities of "Public Comfort" Supporting the comfort needs of up to 100,000 visitors in the course of a day called for extensive planning. The Pan-American Exposition in 1901 came straight on the heels of the Sanitary Reform movement that started in Europe in the 1840's and which was supported by the rise of bacteriology following the discoveries of Pasteur and Koch in the 1880's. Water and sewer engineering were key factors in this movement. The Exposition Grounds were equipped with over 12,000 linear feet of main sewer lines not including numerous lateral connections. To feed the water supply needs of the grounds, over 75,000 linear feet of domestic water lines were installed.1 Writing for the American Institute of Architects, Thomas R. Kimball notes: "The subject of public comfort is far reaching. It touches on sanitation and the health of the exposition city. Nothing that guards against ill health must be neglected … there must be the most absolutely perfect sanitation and scrupulous care. There should be no such thing as The Public Comfort building. They should be everywhere and counted by the hundreds."2 The Pan-American Exposition installed at least 53 toilet rooms throughout the exhibition grounds. Of these, 8 were considered "outside of buildings" while 45 were placed within larger structures, as the list published in the Buffalo Evening News on June 26, 1901 shows. Facilities were evenly divided to accommodate women and men with some placed adjacent and some widely separated. There were "over 500 closets and urinals" operative by June 1, 1901. Restroom Rants Restrooms were often controversial and appeared to significantly color a visitor's experience of the event. There were allegations of bunco and "petty extortion" by bathroom attendants who reportedly demanded a nickel for use of the facility. There was also apparent confusion over public facilities and those maintained for staff and exhibitor use. An anonymous letter was published in the July 8, 1901 edition of the Buffalo Evening News, p.9, under the heading "Toilet Rooms at the Fair" mentioning that reports about the public lavatory problems were circulating 500 miles away: For the information of strangers as well as for the convenience of citizens, will you kindly state through "Everybody's Column" where the free toilet rooms are located, and why visitors to the Pan-American exposition are subjected to indignities, as well as the annoyances experience, in regard to the toilet room accommodations in the buildings where one would most naturally expect to find them provided. A short time ago I was told by an official, that there was no public toilet for men in the Government Building -- those which were there were for the attendants -- that visitors must go to the Ethnology Building. Yesterday, July 4th, my wife, who was taken sick, left her pocketbook with her friends, and found she could not get into any toilet room in the Manufactures' Building without paying five cents. She was informed by a policeman that there was a public toilet in the Ethnology �Building, where she was obliged to get in line and wait her turn to enter. On the same day I was followed by a porter in a free toilet room and importuned for a nickel, for service which I could not preent being rendered. In behalf of the millions, who we hope will visit the Exposition this summer, "a citizen" prays that the present Ethnology Building be improved. Already one 500 miles away has written, asking if the report circulating there, is true, that visitors to the Exposition grounds are subject to petty extortions for service and accommodation, that health and decency require to be furnished free, at a place of entertainment which is supposed to be properly equipped to accommodate, and expects to receive 100,000 visitors a day within its gates. "A Citizen." Buffalo, July 5, 1901 More Restroom Rants It was reported by Dr. Roswell Park that there were more toilet facilities installed at the Exposition than were eventually utilized by the public. Complaints by "architectural aesthetes" prompted the removal of free-standing facilities incongruous with the overall Pan-American design scheme. An editorial in the Buffalo Medical Journal criticized both the planning that had called for temporary comfort stations as well as appeasement of a few hyperesthetic individuals: It was a most excellent plan to establish "comfort stations" at available points, even of a temporary kind, and it was a senseless act to remove them because a few hyperesthetic individuals objected to them on account of their unsightliness. A large city like Buffalo, with the increased temporary population during the exposition period, would be guilty of a breach of civility did it not provide such accommodations, and the question of architectural beauty might well remain in abeyance util the emergency of the season had passed. We do not attempt to defend the weak policy of spending several thousand dollars in establishing ugly temporary stations, when comely permanent ones should have been provided long ago. Our design is rather to point out not only the absurdity of listening to objectors to the temporary stations now established, but also the equally reprehensible policy of spending money unnecessarily on structures that soon must give place to better ones. Action should have been taken long ago and the city made respectable by the erection of properly constructed accessible stations.3 References 1. Figures from Carlton Sprague, "Some Phases of Exposition Making," American Architect and Building News, v.74 (October 19, 1901) p.20, in Appendix II of Joann M. Thompson's dissertation, "The Art and Architecture of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York, 1901," (Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 1980.) �2. Thomas R. Kimball, F.A.I.A.,"The Management and Design of Exhibitions," The American Institute of Architects Quarterly Bulletin, (July 1-October 1, 1901) pp.149-158. 3. Buffalo Medical Journal, v.57, (August 1901), p.61-62. �Biography of Dr. Roswell Park [Source: Municipality of Buffalo, New York: a History 1720-1923, v. IV, editor-in-chief Henry Wayland Hill, biographical editor Winfield Scott Downs. Lewis Historical Publishing Co., 1923.]1 Roswell Park, M.D., M.A., LL.D. Dr. Park's life was so full and rich, his accomplishments so large and many that it will ever remain an example of usefulness, yet there can be no doubt that numerous enterprises, planned for the future of Buffalo University, hospital and city, were uncompleted because of his lack of strength and time to carry them forward to completion. The citizens of Buffalo owe to his memory the fulfillment of his plans. At a meeting held by the Council of the University of Buffalo, February 16, 1914, the following resolution was adopted: "By the sudden death of Roswell Park, MD, MA, LL.D., the University of Buffalo loses far more than can adequately be expressed in the words of a brief, formal appreciation, such as this tribute of respect must be. It is not for us so much to measure Dr. Park's high service in this community as a public-spirited citizen, as a versatile yet profound toiler in scientific research, or as a writer whose world-wide fame has conferred distinction upon the home of his adoption, or to recognize and declare the great debt the University of Buffalo owes him as its loyal and generous friend and as Roswell Park, M.D., M.A., LL.D. Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Illustrated Buffalo Express. Buffalo, N.Y. : The J. N. Mathews Company, 1901. its constant and tireless champion. He shared our vicissitudes and aspirations for thirty years, ad he lived to be able to say, as he did to this Council twelve hours before his death, that he rejoiced in the signs of an early consummation of the long-cherished hopes of the University's steadfast friends." Dr. Park was of the ninth generation in New England, of an ancient family, which came into England with "the Conqueror." Sir Robert Parke was the first of the family in New England, who came to Massachusetts in 1630, but soon after moved to Connecticut. Other of Dr. Park's ancestors were Elder Brewster, of the "Mayflowers;" Henry Baldwin, and Colonel Loammi Baldwin, a personal friend of Count Rumford. Six generations of the Park family have had a Roswell, and the son of Dr. Park is the seventh to bear this name. The church, the academy, and the army have chiefly engaged the Parks through several generations, and all three of these callings entered into the life work of Rev. Roswell Park, D.D., father of Dr. Park, of this review. Rev. Roswell Park was a graduate of the military academy at West Point, 1831, and a graduate of Union College, A.B. He was lieutenant in the engineer corps of the army, but in 1836 he resigned, and was professor of chemistry and natural philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania. Later he studied theology, and resigned his professorship �to take holy orders, becoming a priest of the Protestant Episcopal church. He was pastor at Woburn, Connecticut. He also resided in Pomfret, Connecticut, and after a sojourn in Europe, resided in Racine, Wisconsin, where he founded Racine College, and was its president from 1852 until 1859. From 1856 until 1863 he was rector of St. Luke's Church in Racine, then removed to Chicago, Illinois, as head of Immanuel Hall, where he remained until his death in 1869, at the age of sixty-two years. He married Mary Brewster Baldwin, who died in 1854, and they were the parents of Dr. Roswell Park, one of America's most famous surgeons, and the principal character of this review. Dr. Roswell Park was born in Pomfret, Connecticut, May 4, 1852, and died in the city of Buffalo, New York, February 15, 1914. He was educated in private schools at Pomfret; in the grammar school connected with Racine College, Racine, Wisconsin, and at Immanuel Hall, Chicago; also at Racine College, receiving his B.A. in 1872 and MA in 1875. For one year after graduation from Racine College, he taught at Immanuel Hall, Chicago, then entered the medical department of Northwestern University, whence he was graduated MD, class of 1876. He was interne and house physician to Cook County Hospital, and devoted his remaining available time to visiting other hospitals and work in morbid anatomy. In 1879 he was appointed demonstrator of anatomy in the Women's Medical College of Chicago, and in 1880 became adjunct professor of anatomy in the medical department of Northwestern University. In 1883 he resigned to study in Europe, and upon his return from visiting the hospitals of Germany, France and Austria, accepted appointment as lecturer on surgery in Rush Medical college, Chicago, and attending surgeon at the Michael Reese Hospital. Other appointments followed, and in 1892 Lake Forest University bestowed upon him an honorary MD On June 23, 1883, Dr. Park came to the University of Buffalo as professor of surgery, and soon thereafter was appointed surgeon to Buffalo General Hospital. His fame had gone abroad, and he received many flattering offers of high position in other cities, but he was loyal to the University of Buffalo, and declined all of these honors. He accepted an invitation to lecture at the Army Medical School at Washington, having been appointed honorary professor of surgery to that institution, and he served by appointment of President Roosevelt as one of the board of visitors at West Point Military Academy. When the Medical reserve corps was formed, he was one of the first surgeons to receive appointment in this branch of the army, and as yet the only man to serve as surgeon-in-chief to Buffalo General Hospital. There was one great aim of his life which he never achieved; that was to know the nature of cancer, and though he strove hard to attain it, he was fated not to realize his ambition. His interest in this, however, led to the establishment, first in the University of Buffalo, of the Gratwick Laboratory, which became, in 1911, the New York State Laboratory and Hospital for the Study of Malignant Diseases. In 1892 Dr. Park delivered the Mutter lectures on "Surgical Pathology," which were published as a volume, a contribution of lasting importance to the professors. In 1895 he published a work of three hundred pages on the "Surgery of the Head and Brain," ad in 1897 a text-book on the "History of Medicine," based on lectures delivered during 1893 in the University of Buffalo. He was the editor and principal contributor to a two-volume textbook, "Surgery by American Authors," 1896, which ran through three editions, and soon afterward a large textbook, his magnum opus, on "General Surgery." He wrote a great deal for encyclopedias of surgery, pathology and therapeutics, and contributed extensively to current medical literature. Some of the best of his shorter essays, philosophic and historic in nature, are to be found in his book, "The Evil Eye and Other Essays" (1913, with a second edition in 1914). In 1901 the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo was held, Dr. Park being made the medical director of the Exposition, of its sanitation, its hospitals, and its medical staff. The International Congress on School Hygiene convened in Buffalo in the summer of 1913, Dr. Park being chairman of the committee on �arrangements. He was president of the Medical Society of the State of New York; president of the American Surgical Association; member of the French Society of Surgery; the Germany Congress of Surgeons; the Italian Surgical Society, and other foreign associations, and also was chairman of the American committee of the International Society of Surgery. In 1895 he received from Harvard University the honorary degree of MA, and in 1902 Yale University conferred upon him the degree of LL.D. He was brigade surgeon of the New York National guard, holding the rank of major. Dr. Park married, in 1880, Martha Prudence Durkee, of Chicago, Illinois, who died in 1899. Dr. and Mrs. Park were the parents of two sons: Roswell (7), president of Park, Harrison & Thomas of Buffalo; and Julian2, professor of history in the University of Buffalo. References 1. The text of Dr. Park's entry in Municipality of Buffalo, New York: a History 1720-1923, is reproduced here in full. Courtesy of the Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection, Health Sciences Library, University at Buffalo. 2. The papers of Julian Park, who would become the University of Buffalo's Historian and Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, are held at the University Archives, University at Buffalo. �Medical Exhibits Medical exhibits were scattered throughout the grounds and displayed the technical advances of the time. Visitors could find exhibitors showing medical devices ranging from prosthetic limbs for amputees to the pocket sized "Pan­ Am Microscope." • The Infant incubators with real infants • X-ray machines • The Pan-Am Microscope • Food and Health �Baby Incubator Exhibit at the Pan­ American Exposition in Buffalo As with other attractions at a fair, a "barker" tried to entice people into the "premie" exhibit located in a "neat and artistic" brick building. However, while this "exhibit" took its place among the other "shows" on the Exposition midway, the scientific and educational potential was not overlooked. The following quote appeared in the August 1901 Buffalo Medical Journal under the column "Pan-American Notes:" "The infant incubator at the junction of the Midway and the Mall has a constant stream of people going in and out. There are now 18 babies prematurely born in the incubators and the scientific rearing of these little human beings hanging between life and death by the slenderest thread, is most interesting not alone to scientists, but to the many mothers who go to the exposition. The incubator is in charge of physicians and the babies are cared for by nurses trained for this work alone. One can neglect seeing any other place on the grounds rather than this. It is not alone interesting; it is popularly instructive."1 The "barker" at the Buffalo Pan-Am enticed customers by telling them this exhibit provided hints to mothers and females for the successful rearing of weakly infants. An article from the 1901 edition of Pediatrics stated that the Lion incubators used at this exhibition were made of metal and glass, which allowed for quick and easy cleaning and sterilization.2 The Infant Incubator Building. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated (Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901) �Infant Incubator Ward. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated (Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901), p. 101. Each infant was swaddled; a card above each incubator recorded the occupant's initials, date of birth, date of admission to the incubator and other details. The heat in the incubator varied plus or minus 2 degrees Fahrenheit. Fresh outdoor air for the incubator was filtered and warmed before it reached the infant. The babies were fed and cleaned every 2 hours, whether it was day or night. It was claimed in an article from Scientific American, August 3, 1901 that incubators saved 85 percent of the "premies" and weaklings. 3 In another article from Cosmopolitan, Arthur Brisbane compared the baby incubators to the wonders of Niagara Falls.4 Incubator Beginnings The first attempt to construct an infant incubator on scientific principles was made in France in 1878. Although incubators had been patented in Paris by the early 1890s, U.S. physician Edward J. Brown, M.D., having no guidelines or descriptive plans, devised an incubator of his own to save a premature infant born in 1891.5 �Incubator Exhibit in the News The incubator exhibit received serious attention from Scientific American,6 which called it a model nursery. The baby incubator exhibit was in the news for other reasons as well. On July 20, 1901, the Buffalo News reported that a baby had been prematurely born to Apache Indian Princess Ikishupaw and Chief Many Tales. Dr. Couney was called to the Indian Pavilion and had the infant placed in an exhibit incubator. The News reported that at 2 pounds, 2 ounces, it was the smallest baby ever born. On November 7, 1901, The New York Times reported a different type of incident regarding the Baby Incubator Exhibit. According to the article, Couney and his partner did not pay the proceeds agreed upon to exhibit infant Model Nursery. Photo credit: n/a. Source: "Baby Incubators at the Pan-American Exposition." Scientific American, (August 3, 1901) p. 68. incubators at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. A judge had ordered them to pay their share which came to $31,250 and to also pay $75,000 in damages for repudiating a similar agreement for the division of the gross receipts of the incubator show at the coming St. Louis Exposition. After-Effects of the Baby Incubator Exhibit The Children's Hospital of Buffalo purchased the Lion incubators after the exposition ended. Afterwards, Couney went on to have a summer baby incubator exhibit for the next forty years at Coney Island. Couney felt parents did not appreciate the work he was doing for their premature and weak infants. When it was time to send a healthy infant home, it was difficult to convince the parents to take their infant. A pediatrician named Dr. Zahorsky, who oversaw an infant incubator exhibit, did note the effect of hospitalization on both the infant and the parents. We now know that it is not in the baby's best interest to be separated from its parents; neither is it in the parents' best interest. Weighing an Infant. Photo credit: n/a. Source: "Baby Incubators at the Pan­ American Exposition." Scientific American, (August 3, 1901) p. 68. �References 1. "Exhibit of Infant Incubators at the Pan-American Exhibition." Pediatrics v. 12 (1901) pp.414-419. Reproduced on the website Neonatology on the Web at http://www.neonatology.org/classics/panam.html. Last accessed June 28, 2002. 2. "Baby Incubators at the Pan-American Exposition." Scientific American, (August 3, 1901) . Reproduced on the website Neonatology on the Web at http://www.neonatology.org/classics/sciam.html. Last accessed June 28, 2002. 3. Arthur Brisbane. "The Incubator Baby and Niagara Falls." Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), pp. 509-516. 4. Edward J. Brown, M.D. "A New Baby Incubator." Medical Record v.41 (April 16, 1892) pp. 446-447. Reproduced on the website Neonatology on the Web at http://www.neonatology.org/classics/brown.html. Last accessed June 28, 2002. 5. "Baby Incubators at the Pan-American Exposition." �X-rays at the Exposition The first medical use of Wilhelm Roentgen's "x-ray light" occurred in 1896, one year after his discovery. Although x- ray apparatus were on display at the Exposition, no one thought to use it on the wounded President McKinley to locate that second elusive bullet. In her 1997 book Naked to the Bone, Bettyann Holtzmann Kevles1 describes the following account McKinley's treatment with regard to the X-ray machines available at the Exposition. …Altogether separate from the hospital was a Science Hall which had an X-ray machine with it's own dry-cell battery on display…. No one suggested using the X-ray machine in the Hall of Science. …After surgery, McKinley was taken to a private home where, for a few days, he seemed to be improving. Thomas Edison dispatched Clarence Dally, his number one X-ray assistant, to accompany his best new X-ray machine from New Jersey to Buffalo. As the train sped north, an independent group in Buffalo set up a sort-of presidential look-alike contest in preparation for Dally's arrival. Fat men lined up in the hope of being selected as the stand-in to test the X-ray for the president. When the X-ray team arrived, Dr. Vertner Kenerson, who boasted the same fifty-six inch waistline as the president, had been selected. Kenerson went to the house where McKinley was supposedly recuperating and, in a room across the hall from the president, lay on his side with a light in front of him and a fluoroscope behind for the twenty minutes it took to get a picture showing "the entire interior arrangement." …McKinley himself had asked to have an X-ray taken as reassurance that the bullet hadn't settled in any vital spot. But his doctors declined, not wanting to subject him to whatever movement he would have to make to get to the machine. …Eight days after the attack, he was dead from gangrene." Basic Components of the 1901 X-ray Machine The chief parts of an X-ray outfit are a static machine, or an induction coil; the vacuum tube with its supporting apparatus; the fluorescent screen or fluoroscope; and the photographic plate. Portable X-ray Machine. Cut of portable apparatus for use on 110-volt circuit. The smaller box contains the coil; the larger, the interrupted electrolytic interrupter, two vacuum tubes, and the tube-holder. The tube­ holder is shown fastened to the smaller box. �The X-rays are produced in the vacuum tube, and this tube may be excited by 1. Static Machine; the two types of which are 1. Influence Machine. Forms of: Holtz, Toepler-Holtz, Voss, Wimshurst. 2. Plante Rheostatic. Form of: Thomson Dynamo Static. 2. Induction coil; the two types of which are 1. Ordinary Page, or Ruhmkorff, coil. 2. Tesla, or high frequency coil. Form of: Thomson coil. Static Machine. Large static machine with four revolving plates 183 cm (6 feet) in diameter, and four fixed plates (6 feet, 4 inches) in diameter. The front of the case has been removed. 1. Static Machine. -The static machine may be driven by hand, or by any form of motor such as an electric or water motor, or a gas engine; and may be self-exciting or be excited by a small Toepler-Holtz or Wimshurst machine. 2. Induction Coil. - The electric current for the induction coil may be obtained from a. Primary battery (low voltage). �b. Storage battery (low voltage): i. Charged by gravity cells; ii. Charged from street main. c. A dynamo which generates a continuous or alternating current of either high or low voltage. d. The street main (high voltage); current continuous or alternating. Ironically, in 1901, the year William McKinley was assassinated, Wilhelm Roentgen was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery. Reference 1. Bettyann Holtzmann Kevles, Naked to the Bone : Medical Imaging in the Twentieth Century. New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press, 1997. �The Pan-American Microscope 20th Century Wonder One of the so-called "wonders" exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition, promotors claimed that this pocket-sized microscope was going to revolutionize the work of not only medicine, but all professions: This microscope is so concise it can be carried in the pocket. Yet it is so strong in magnifying power that it takes the place of a compound mocroscope. So simple in construction that a child can operate it as well as a medical doctor.... It is useful to the medical man, to the professional man, to the mechanic, to the farmer, and in fact to everyone aloke. It is especially used for the following purposes: To examine blood, water, urine, and all fluids, as well as seeds, minerals, flowers, plants, insects, diamonds, jewelry, plated-ware, coins, bank notes, hard signatures, splinters in the flesh, particles in the eye, and in fact it magnifies anything.... "Agents" of the M.G. Thompson Company of Buffalo, N.Y. and Toronto, Canada promoted the "23 Grand Prize Medals & Diplomas awarded this microscope by the Leading Expositions of the World." It is not clear how the microscope fared at the Pan-American Exposition although with the variety of specimens provided for the inquisitive visitor to inspect using the device, one can assume that it was one of the more interesting exhibits. Pan American Microscope 2Oth Century Wonder. This Microscope is so concise it can be carried in the pocket. Yet it is so strong in magnifying power that it takes the place of a compound microscope. So simple in construction that a child can operate it as well as a medical doctor. It is useful for thou sands of things. There is an education in it for children that cannot be gotten out of books. It is useful to the medical man, to the profes sional man, to the mechanic, to the farmer, and in fact to everyone alike. It is specially used for the following purposes: To examine blood, water, urine, and all fluids, as well as seeds, minerals, flowers, plants, insects, diamonds, jewelry, plated-ware, coins, bank notes, hard signatures, splinters in the flesh, particles in the eye, and in fact it magnifies anything. It is unlike a compound microscope as all objects can be adjusted without mounting them on a slide. Instructions. No. 1. No-2. No. 3. No. 4. Is a case for holding and protecting Nos. 2, 3 and 4. Magnifies by simply placing it on the object. Magnifies all fluidsand small mites by placing them on the Lenz. Is a needle for impaling and holding insects and poisonous matter. 23 Grand Prize Medals & Diplomas Awarded this Microscope by the Leading Expositions of the Would. These are specially prepared specimens to demonstrate the power of this Microscope, as they are not found in all Water, Vinegar, Figs, Prunes, Cheese, &c., &c. Beware of imitations, as all good things are imitated! Agents Wanted everywhere. Enclose stamp for reply. Price $1.00. No more, no less. M. G. Thompson Buffalo, N. Y., and Toronto, Canada. The Pan-American Microscope. Source: Microscope and accompanying pamphlet produced by the M.G. Thompson [Company.] Courtesy of B. Battleson. Engraved on the microscope: "Pan American Exposition -- 1901 Buffalo N.Y. -- Price 1.00" �The Pan=American Microscope was simply a drum-style microscope similar to those invented as early as the mid- 18th century. It differed from traditional microscopes in its compacted size of 2 inches and the lack of a mirror for reflecting light. With no means of adjusting magnification, it was not a very sophisticated "invention" and certainly not the type of instrument that would be used in medicine, despite what it's promoters may have claimed. This "20th century wonder" was, however, typical of the microscopes sold as toys and to hobbyists well into the 1920's. Even so, at the "Price $1.00. No more, no less," it was a rather expensive "toy," so it's "usefulness to the medical man" may have been highlighted to justify the cost.1 An interesting aside with regard to the M. G. Thompson Company: The 1900 Buffalo Directory lists no such company under manufacturers of microscopes although there is a listing for an M. G. Thompson under the heading of "lumber." There are no listings for the name under either heading in the 1898 and 1902 directories.2 In the Official Catalog and Guide Book to the Pan-American Exposition,3 M. G. Thompson was listed in the Exposition Concessions section, with an address of 93 Yonge St., Toronto, Ont. Certainly the M. G. Thompson listed in the Buffalo directory could have been the same company listed in Toronto. It would not be beyond speculation, since temporary relocation of many business into the Buffalo area for the sole purpose of promoting and selling their wares at the Exposition was certainly common. If, indeed, these companies were one and the same, the peddling of both lumber and microscopes would certainly have been a curious combination. References 1. More information on the history of the microscope and microscopy can be found on the Molecular Expressions web site. See Michael W. Davidson, Mortimer Abramowitz's Museum of Microscopy Section at http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/museum/index.html. This site is maintained by the Optical Microscopy Division of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory a joint venture of The Florida State University, the University of Florida, and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. 2. The Buffalo Directory, Buffalo, N.Y. : The Courier Company of Buffalo, vols. 1898, 1900, 1902. 3. Official Catalogue and Guide Book to the Pan-American Exposition. Buffalo, N.Y.: Charles Ahrhart, 1901, p. 95. �The Exposition Hospital The Exposition Hospital, also known as the Emergency Hospital, was built upon the insistence of Dr. Roswell Park following his observation of the need for such a facility at other grand expositions. It was constructed in the Spanish Renaissance style, intended to be both useful and ornamental. Dr. Park served as the Director, Dr. Vertner Kenerson as Deputy Director, and Dr. Alexander Allen as Resident Physician. Physically, the hospital building was two stories of two wings each. On the first level, there were two wards for men of 7 beds each and a large ward with 12 beds for women. The first level also housed a physician's office, nurse's office, patient dining room, kitchen, waiting The Exposition Hospital. This rendering of the Exposition Hospital appeared in the 1901 Iris, yearbook of the University of Buffalo. Source: The Iris. Buffalo, N. Y. : , 1901. Courtesy of the University Archives, University at Buffalo. room, operating room, sterilizing room, linen press, morgue and lavatory. The second level covered only a portion of the square footage outlined on the first level and offered housing for the resident physician and necessary attendants. Over the course of the Exposition, some 5400 persons were treated. The building was planned for short term and emergency services with serious cases intended to be transferred on to Buffalo General Hospital where a more comprehensive surgical facility was available. Ironically, physicians not directly affiliated with the hospital elected to utilize the Emergency Hospital's surgical facilities to address President McKinley's mortal wounds. Medical Staff of the Exposition Hospital. The Exposition Hospital was administered by Dr. Roswell Park and many of those staffing the facility were medical students at the University of Buffalo. Image courtesy of the Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection held at the University at Buffalo's Health Sciences Library. �The Exposition Hospital With Crowds Gathered. Crowds gather as the wounded President McKinley is taken to the Exposition Hospital, September 6, 1901. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Illustrated Buffalo Express. Buffalo, N. Y. : The J. N. Matthews Company, 1901. The Exposition Hospital Operating Room. Image courtesy of the Robert L. Brown History of Medicine Collection held at the University at Buffalo's Health Sciences Library. See Summary of Treatment at the Exposition Hospital for a report on cases treated during the Exposition. �Summary of Treatment at the Exposition Hospital The following tables are from the Report of the Medical Department of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901.1 • Table I - Classified List of Cases nos. 1 to 5,573 • Table II - Deaths in Pan-American Hospital and Ambulance • Table III - Births • Table IV - Totalsof Patients By Months • Table V - Numbers of Patients Sent to Each Hospital • Summary Table 1.Classified List Of Cases NOS. 1 to 5,573 Continued and eruptive fevers 17 Malaria 7 Diseases of the nervous system 75 Diseases of the circulatory system 162 Diseases of the digestive system 1,971 Diseases of the lymphatic system 14 Diseases of the urinary system 20 Diseases of the generative system (male) 15 �Diseases of the generative system (female) 45 Diseases of skin 111 Diseases of and injury to the eye 247 Diseases of ear 28 Diseases of chest 12 Diseases of throat 205 Heat exhaustion 55 Exhaustion (other) 51 Syphilis 5 Burns and scalds 97 Minor injuries and wounds 1,482 Scalp wounds 80 Sprains 158 Dislocations 5 Gunshot wounds 6 Electric shock 3 �Intoxication 4 Toothache 161 Teeth extracted 43 Fractures 78 Fracture of radius 4 Fracture of clavicle 2 Fracture of fingers 7 Fracture of nose 7 Fracture of arm 11 Fracture of skull 4 Fracture of leg 7 Fracture of foot 2 Fracture of ribs 6 Fracture, Pott's 1 Fracture of toes 3 Fracture of femur 2 �Deaths at Pan-American hospital 4 Total 5,573 TABLE 2. Deaths In Pan-American Hospital And Ambulance • Case No. 2,226 Pneumonia • Case No. 4,175 Apoplexy • Case No. 5,557 Heart Disease • Death in ambulance of man shot during a fracas in the Free Midway. • Baby in Indian Village, died of entero-colitis, treatment being refused. • Premature birth (6 or 7 mos.) in African Village. • Indian baby died, in hospital, on inspiration pneumonia, following inspiration of some grains of partially cooked rice. Deaths By Accident On The Grounds. • One man killed by cars before Medical Bureau was organized. • Case No. 613. Struck by Belt Line train; both legs severed from Body. Killed instantly. • Case No. 631. Fracture of skull. Killed instantly. • Case No. 3,490. Bullet through sternum. Killed instantly. • Case No. 3,568. Fracture of skull. Killed instantly. • Two men killed by electricity. Not taken to hospital. TABLE 3. Births • Two births in Indian Village. • One birth in Filipino Village. �Table 4. Totals Of Patients By Months August 1900 17 September 1900 60 October 1900 86 November 1900 94 December 1900 73 January 1901 92 February 1901 59 March 1901 100 April 1901 167 May 1901 482 June 1901 660 July 1901 1,018 August 1901 1,145 September 1901 954 October 1901 554 �Total: 5,561 Total for construction period up to May 1, 1901 748 Total for Exposition period up to November 1, 1901 4,813 Daily average for construction period 2 Daily average for Exposition period 26 Table 5. Number Of Patients Sent To Each Hospital • Buffalo General -- 36 • Homeopathic -- 8 • German -- 2 • Riverside -- 2 • German Deaconess' -- 1 • Sisters' -- 21 • Total -- 70 Summary Total number of diagnoses 5,572 Total number of persons killed 4 �5,576 Total number of patients treated 5,567 Total number of cases with more than one major injury 9 5,576 Reference 1.Roswell Park, M.D., Report of the Medical Department of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo Medical Journal, (December 1901). �The Pan-Am Ambulance What happened to the man who was likely the first motorized ambulance driver? The Pan-American Exposition Ambulance1 Dr. Nelson Wilson, Sanitary Officer of the Pan­ American Exposition, wrote in "Details of President McKinley's Case", in the October 1901 issue of Buffalo Medical Journal that "The dash (of the ambulance) to the hospital was thrilling and sensational. Mr. F. T. Ellis, who was driving the motor vehicle, handled the steering bar with the utmost skill; no chauffeur however skillful, however expert, ever drove an automobile with more speed and with more wisdom through dangerous places than did Ellis, who is a third-year medical student of the University at Buffalo. The crowd was dense along the route to the hospital and yet, although the machine was driven at top speed, there were no accidents. Inside lay the Chief Magistrate of the United States, carefully attended by Dr. G. McK. Hall and Mr. E. C. Mann, the latter a senior medical student on the staff of the medical department of the Pan-American Hospital." While Frederick T. Ellis, or "Fred T.", is listed in the 1901 medical school yearbook, no reference is made in subsequent issues. The 1915 and subsequent alumni catalogs also do not list Mr. Ellis, suggesting that no degree was conferred. Also, a check of national medical directories from the period did not find Mr. Frederick Ellis listed as a practicing physician. Mr. Ellis was listed as a Niagara Falls resident active in the Athletic Association, football team and Alpha Omega Delta fraternity. Mr. E. C. Mann, senior medical student on the staff of the medical department of the Pan-American Hospital attended President McKinley in the ambulance to the Emergency Hospital. Reference 1. The original photograph of this ambulance is held in the archives of the Buffalo General Hospital and was reproduced in Another Era : A Pictorial History of the School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University at New York at Buffalo, 1846-1996, Ronald Elmer Batt, et. al., contributors, Virginia Beach, VA : The Donning Company, 1996. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Health Care and Medical Technology at the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource This portion of the exhibit, Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901, provides a fascinating glimpse into the general state of health care and medical technology available at the turn of the century. What could attendees at the Exposition expect in terms of hygiene and health care? Were restroom facilities provided, and were they kept clean? Were doctors and medical equipment available on the grounds? Who drove the ambulance that carried the wounded President McKinley? These pages contain some interesting and less well-known facts about maladies that befell Pan-Am goers, what attendees could expect in terms of health-care and hygiene, the medical equipment available at the time, the caregivers who tended to visitors, and information about other health-related events that occurred on the Exposition grounds. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-health-care-and-medical-technology Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--United States--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901:Buffalo, N.Y.) Medicine--History--20th century Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c795730f3f3a2a7a7750918e9327218f.pdf 321c0f72a12497edc06103d5cc5b6e46 PDF Text Text Excerpt from the Flag Day address by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay Given June 14, 1901 at the Pan-American Exposition "I am inclined to think that perhaps the waiters and waitresses and some of the rest might be better employed in exchanging ideas among themselves than in listening to the few words that I shall be able to say. Last night, as I looked from my window at this marvelous creation, lined in fire upon the evening sky, and today as I have walked through the courts and the palaces of this incomparable exhibition, the words of the prophet have been constantly in my mind - Your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions. We who are old have through many hopeful years dreamed this dream. It was noble, inspiring, leading to earnest and uplifting labor. This ideal of the brotherhood of the nations of the Western World is not a growth of yesterday. It was heralded when the country was young by the clarion voice of Henry Clay. It was cherished by Seward and Evarts, by Douglas and by Blaine. Twelve years ago we had the first reunion of the two American republics. Much was said and done, destined to be memorable in John Hay, Secretary of State. Photo Credit: Doubleday, Page & Co. Source: The World's Work, v.2, no.6 (October 1901) p. 1242. our history, opening and blazing the way along the path of peace and fraternal relations. As a means to those ends, as a concrete realization of those generous dreams which have led us thus far, we have this grand and beautiful spectacle, never to be forgotten, a delight to the eyes, a comfort to every patriot heart that during the coming summer shall make the joyous pilgrimage to this enchanted scene, where lake and shore and sky, the rich, bright city throbbing with vigorous life, and in the distance the flash and roar of the stupendous cataract, unite their varied attractions in one charm of powerful magic such as the world has seldom seen. All the triumphs of the spirit and of the skilled hands of labor, the garnered treasures of science, the witcheries of art, the spoils of earth and air and sea are gathered here to warn, to delight, to encourage and reward the ever striving, the indomitable mind of man. Here you have force, which enables men to conquer and tame the powers of nature. Wealth, not meant as Tennyson sang, to rest in moulded heaps, but smit with the free light to melt and fatten lower lands. Beauty, not for selfish gratification of the few, but for the joy of the many to fill their days with gladness and their nights with music. And hovering over all the sublime, the well-nigh divine conception of a brotherhood of mutually helpful nations, fit harbinger and forerunner of a brotherhood of man. �Every great achievement in art, in science, in commerce communicates to the universal human spirit a salutary shock which in ever-widening circles spreads to regions the most remote and obscure, to break at last in lingering ripples on the ultimate shores of space and time. Out of a good source evil cannot flow, out of the light darkness cannot be born. The benignant influences that shall emanate from this great festival of peace shall not be bounded by oceans nor by continents." � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Excerpt from the Flag Day address by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay Description An account of the resource A description of June 14, 1901 Flag Day at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, NY. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-excerpt-from-the-flag-day-address Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--United States--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901:Buffalo, N.Y.) Flag Day--1900-1910 HayJohn1838-1905 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/e664f03db2cdc460624e58ea59cd2770.pdf 760ce82241d18ae132eaf2daa37f136b PDF Text Text Electricity and Technology This portion of the online exhibit focuses on the generation of hydroelectric power at the turn of the century and the resulting development of electrochemical industry along the Niagara River. One of the widest misconceptions in "exposition circles" is the belief that the development of hydroelectric power at Niagara Falls was catalyzed by the incredible display of incandescent illumination at the Pan­ American Exposition. While the "City of Light" undeniably turned the general public and commercial entrepreneurs on to the idea that electricity could be effectively utilized in the domestic arena, it was industry that spurred development of power plants at the Falls. As Jack Foran points out in his essay introducing Niagara Falls and electricity, the harnessing of the Falls required the identification of a market for such vast amounts of electrical power. "[That] market was to be Buffalo industry," and thus power plants were built and expanded. Indeed, because alternating current generators, transformers and transmission lines were already in place 25 miles away at the Falls, the planners of the 1901 Exposition in Buffalo could build electric trolleys and elevators and illuminate the fairgrounds on a much wider scale than any of their predecessors. One can assume that Buffalo would have become that market for Falls-generated power regardless of whether or not she had hosted the 1901 Pan-American Exposition. The industrial development in the Buffalo-Niagara region during the early 20th century provides plenty of evidence to support such a claim. However, "The Birth of Power" Artist: Willy Pogany. Source: Edward Dean Adams. Niagara Power: History of the Niagara Falls Power Company 1886-1918. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Niagara Falls Power Company, 1927. the Exposition provided such a memorable and visually inspiring exhibit that it may very well have enlightened visitors and participants to the potential for the use of electricity for more than simply powering furnaces and catalyzing the separation of chemical compounds. Electricity could provide light and after all, everyone needed light. But the panorama of glowing architecture that was the Exposition at night, proved that light could be utilized in a most beautiful way. • Electricity and its Development This section looks at the development of power generation--direct and alternating current--at Niagara Falls. It features information on Nicola Tesla as well as the two major hydroelectric power generators of the period, the Niagara Falls Power Company and the Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and Manufacturing Company. • The Electrochemical Industry and Niagara Falls Electrochemical industry grew in and around Niagara Falls because of the relatively cheap supply of abundant power available. This section describes the major companies utilizing this power. �• New Technologies at the Turn of the Century The Pan-American Exposition served in part as the 1901 equivalent of the modern trade show, where companies could exhibit and advertise new inventions and technologies. This section highlights some of 1901's "modern marvels." �Electricity and its Development at Niagara Falls "One of the boldest engineering and commercial feats of the past century, the successful development of the water­ power of Niagara Falls, was the signal for the utilization of water powers all over the world. This masterpiece of nature remains to-day with its beauty and grandeur unmarred, its 8,000,000 horse-power inappreciably affected by the petty thefts of man, and its usefulness enhanced a thousand-fold." --William Andrews, "How Niagara Has Been Harnessed," The American Monthly Review of Reviews, June 1901. By the time planning began for the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, hydroelectric power generation had already been in place at Niagara Falls for nearly a decade. As William Andrews explains in his article "How Niagara Has been Harnessed," a charter had been obtained from the New York Legislature in 1886 to begin developing the water power of the Falls. But those who realized the commercial value of developing the cataracts were also "opposed to the desecration of the most impressive natural object of the world for utilitarian purposes." Add to this philosophy the establishment of the State Reservation at Niagara in 1885 and the result was the design and construction of hydroelectric power plants that were engineering marvels of their day. • Water Diversion, Turbines and Tunnels • The Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and Manufacturing Company • The Niagara Falls Power Company • The Cataract Power and Conduit Company • The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company • The General Electric Company �Water Diversion, Turbines and Tunnels Rather than harness the water power of the Niagara River below the Falls, hydraulic engineer, Thomas Evershed, proposed that the water be diverted via a canal above the Falls through penstocks to vertical shafts housing the turbines. The Evershed Scheme would then channel the water through tunnels running underneath the city of Niagara Falls to be discharged into the lower river. This canal/tunnel method was the means by which the two major power producers in 1901, the Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and Manufacturing Company and the Niagara Falls Power Company, both of which supplied electricity to industry in the vicinity of the Falls and throughout Western New York. Power Company Water Inlets. . Photo credit: n/a. Source: Orrin E. Dunlap. "Niagara Falls Power Development and the Pan-American Exposition." Western Electrician, v. 28, no.20, p. 330. This birdseye view shows (1) the inlet of the Niagara Falls Power Company, (2) the inlet of the Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power and Manufacturing Company, and (3) the embankment being constructed on the river above the inlet of the Niagara Falls Power Company to divert ice. The diagram at left illustrates the vertical shafts through which water was diverted from the canals to generator turbines. Penstocks conducted water from the canal through 7 ½ foot steel tubes running from the head gates to the turbine "deck" approx. 140 feet below. After passing the water wheels the water flowed to the exit tunnel which carried it under the city of Niagara Falls at a rate of about 20 mph to the lower Niagara River. While this is an illustration of Niagara Falls Power Company's Power House No. 2, completed in 1904, it is nearly identical to Powerhouse No. 1, which was in operation in 1901, supplying electricity to the Pan-American Exposition. Transverse Section of Power House No. 2. Niagara Falls Power CompanySource: The Niagara Falls Electrical Handbook: Being a Guide for Visitors from Abroad Attending the International Electrical Congress, St. Louis, Mo., September, 1904. Niagara Falls, N. Y. : Pub. under the auspices of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1904. p. 73. �The Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and Manufacturing Company General View of Power Development by the Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power and Manufacturing Company. Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Niagara Falls Electrical Handbook: Being a Guide for Visitors from Abroad Attending the International Electrical Congress, St. Louis, Mo., September, 1904. Niagara Falls, N. Y. : Pub. under the auspices of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1904. p. 36. The Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and Manufacturing Company (NFHP) was located on the lower river north of Niagara Falls. Sometimes referred to as the "Schoellkopf Plant," after its founder, Jacob Frederick Schoellkopf, this power plant was situated on the bluff of the Niagara Gorge and produced primarily direct current electricity. This plant is a perfect illustration of the influence of industry in the development of power generation at Niagara Falls. NFHP supplied electricity to manufacturers within a 1 mile radius since that was the effective limitation of the transmission of direct current. The generators installed were of various makes, depending upon the industries to which they were supplying power. Surprisingly, the NFHP underestimated the importance of alternating current (AC) production. As AC-driven machinery became more commonplace in industry, the demand increased. Eventually, the NFHP would add generators to produce alternating current. �The Niagara Falls Power Company Power Houses and Transformer House - The Niagara Falls Power Company. Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Niagara Falls Electrical Handbook: Being a Guide for Visitors from Abroad Attending the International Electrical Congress, St. Louis, Mo., September, 1904. Niagara Falls, N. Y. : Pub. under the auspices of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1904. p. 70. The Niagara Falls Power Company (NFPC) was located upriver from Niagara Falls and produced the electricity used not only to power industry in the immediate vicinity of the Falls but also to be transmitted to Buffalo, Tonawanda, Lockport and beyond. This plant is often referred to as the "Adams Plant," named so after Edward Dean Adams, president of the Cataract Construction Company, which erected the original power stations at Niagara Falls and gave financial stability to the NFPC. (Adams would also direct the NFPC.) Unlike the Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and Manufacturing Company, which supplied its customers directly, the NFPC was design to be a centralized producer of power only. Other companies would be responsible for transmission and distribution of that power. The NFPC generated alternating current (AC), which, unlike direct current, can be transformed from one potential to another, to a higher or lower electromotive force, through the means of static transformers. The development of AC and step-up/step-down transformers were key to the transmission of hydroelectric power over long distances. The influence of engineers like Nikola Tesla cannot be understated. As Jack Foran points out in a related essay, Tesla did not invent alternating current or the transformer. Rather, he developed the alternating current motor, "making [AC] electricity a feasible industrial commodity." Increase the demand for any commodity and surely the desire to supply that commodity will follow. �The NFPC supplied alternating current through the use of ten Westinghouse AC generators of 5,000 h.p. capacity with 430 cubic feet of water turning the turbines at 250 rpm. This was the capacity of NFPC Power House No. 1. To put this into perspective, the entire Pan-American Exposition was powered by the electricity produced by only one of those ten generators. While a second power station would eventually be constructed across the canal, it was Power House No. 1 that produced most of the AC in the Western New York region at the time of the Exposition. Step-up transformers, allowed for the transmission of that power to Buffalo and other areas via lines owned by the Cataract Power and Conduit Company 22 miles to the city of Buffalo. (See a diagram of the NFPC's "General Scheme of Power Distribution.") From there, the electricity was distributed to consumers, the largest of which were the International Railroad Company and the Buffalo General Electric Company. Interior of Power House No. 2 - The Niagara Falls Power Company. Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Niagara Falls Electrical Handbook: Being a Guide for Visitors from Abroad Attending the International Electrical Congress, St. Louis, Mo., September, 1904. P 88. The Cataract Power and Conduit Company Incorporated in 1896 by William B. Rankine, George Urban, Jr. and Charles R. Huntley, the Cataract Power and Conduit Company won the contract to lay transmission lines from the Niagara Falls Power Company to the city of Buffalo. The objectives of this company were as follow: "... the use and distribution of electricity for light, heat or power within the city of Buffalo, the construction of conduits, poles, pipes or other fixtures in, on, over and under the streets, alleys, avenues, public parks, and places within the city of Buffalo for the conduct of wires and pipes and for conducting and distributing electricity ... " George Urban, Jr. 1 George Urban, Jr. headed the George Urban Milling Company and was involved in banking, insurance and numerous business interests. He was an incorporator and vice­ president of the Cataract Power and Conduit Company and served as an organizer and president of the Thomson- �Houston Electric light company before it was absorbed by the General Electric Company. In 1901 he served on the Board of Managers of the Pan-American Exposition Company and would be a prominent figure in developing the electrical power industry in Western New York. Charles R. Huntley was also an incorporator of the Cataract Power and Conduit Company. However he most famous for his role as president of the Buffalo General Electric Company which would absorb the Cataract Power and Conduit Company in 1915. Huntley appropriately served on the Executive Committee of the Board of Managers of the Pan-American Exposition. See more on Huntley and the Buffalo General Electric Company. Charles R. Huntley The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Although famous for his invention of the air brake, George Westinghouse (1846­ 1914) envisioned alternating current as key to the harnessing of electricity and embarked on electrical matters as early as 1885. It was at this time that he acquired the patents for the Gaulard and Gibbs system of alternating current transmission and began research and development using apparatus imported from England. Eventually, Westinghouse recruited engineer Nikola Tesla, acquiring his patents for the polyphase induction motor, and continued to develop the machinery necessary for alternating current production. Edward Dean Adams made this statement with regard to Westinghouse's AC research relative to development of Niagara Power: George Westinghouse "The issuing of the Tesla polyphase patents in May, 1888,was followed a year later by the organization of the Cataract Construction Company [and its affiliate the Niagara Falls Power Company] which undertook the investigation of methods of developing Niagara Power. Niagara plans and alternating-current machinery developed simultaneously and in less than a decade they mutually contributed to the inauguration of modern hydro-electric power service." 2 The 1893 Chicago World's Fair (Columbian Exposition) was a forum for exhibiting Westinghouse's successful technological innovations with regard to alternating current and electrical apparatus. Referring to the spectacular display of lighting at the Westinghouse exhibit, Col. Henry G. Prout wrote: ".the best result of the Columbian Exposition of 1893 was that it removed the last serious doubt of the usefulness to mankind of the polyphase alternating current. The Nikola Tesla �conclusive demonstration at Niagara was yet to be made, but the World's Fair clinched the fact that it would be made, and so it marked an epoch in industrial history." 3 (Westinghouse also had a substantial exhibit at the Pan-American Exposition, although it was the General Electric Company that displayed a working exhibit of the machinery that actually supplied power to the Exposition grounds.) In October 1893, Westinghouse was awarded the contract to build the 5,000 horsepower generators for the Niagara Falls Power Company's Power House No. 1 as well as all auxiliary electrical apparatus, including exciters, measuring instruments and switching devices. Transmission of alternating current electricity from Niagara Falls to Buffalo began in 1896, and was well in place by the time plans began for the Pan-American Exposition in 1901. The General Electric Company may have distributed the electricity to illuminate the grounds of the Exposition, but it was a Armature of a 5000 Horse-power Westinghouse Generator. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Edward Dean Adams. Niagara Power: History of the Niagara Falls Power Company 1886-1918. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Niagara Falls Power Company, 1918, p. 200. Westinghouse generator that produced that power. Numerous individuals had contributed to the success Westinghouse's involvement in Niagara power development. The more prominent of these were William Stanley, the pioneering electrical inventor who had done early AC research for Westinghouse, electrical engineers Lewis B. Stillwell, Benjamin G. Lamme, Paul M. Lincoln and mechanical engineer Albert Schmid, among others. More details on the contributions of these and other Westinghouse engineers can be found in Edward Dean Adams, Niagara Power: History of the Niagara Falls Power Company 1886-1918, (1918). The General Electric Company The General Electric Company was formed in 1891, with the consolidation of the Thomson-Houston Electric Company and the Edison General Electric Company of Schenectady. Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931), inventor of the incandescent lightbulb, built the first electric utility system using direct current. While Elihu Thomson was one of the first engineers to research alternating current technology in the United States, Edison was not all that interested in AC. As with many of his contemporaries, Edison was a proponent of direct current, going so far as to say that alternating current was dangerous. Indeed, the first execution by electrocution utilized alternating current, thus supporting his ideas, at least in the mind of the public. The General Electric company Thomas Alva Edison supplied direct current dynamos to the Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power and �Manufacturing Company as well as numerous industries around the falls. Machinery was also provided for the original installations of the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, the Carborundum Company and the Union Carbide Companyamong others. However, consolidation with Thomson-Houston as well as further development of AC technology in Europe led the General Electric Company to begin addressing the problems of AC technology. Competition with Westinghouse, which already had a 5 year jump on researching AC spurred the General Electric Company forward in this area. When plans were being drawn by the Cataract Construction Company for a centralized power station, the General Electric Company was a formidable technological competitor with Westinghouse. The General Electric Company's bid to supply generators for NFPC's Power House No. 1 was unsuccessful. However, they did provide approximately half of the generators for Power Houses 2 and 3 as well as the Canadian plant of the NFPC. The Buffalo General Electric Company The following entry from A History of the City of Buffalo, Its Men and Institutions (1908), best describes the Buffalo General Electric Company at the turn of the century: The history of The Buffalo General Electric Company is largely the history of the electrical development of Buffalo in the past twenty-five years. In 1882, James Adams, A. P. Wright, J. F. Moulton, and H. G. Knowlton formed an organization for the purpose of distributing electric light in the city. The earliest application was for lights generated through what was then known as a Brush arc dynamo. The first demonstration was across Buffalo Creek, on what is known as the Island. The business spread rapidly and another establishment was started near the freight house of the New York Central Railroad. Later a plant was built in Wilkeson Street and another in Prenatt Street, near Buffalo Creek. The franchise was granted by the Common Council to The Brush Electric Light Company and to The United States Electric Company, but the progress of the electric companies was exceedingly slow, and they met with all sorts of difficulties in establishing their business, ignorance and prejudice being always potential factors. The early efforts of the company were confined to what was then known as the First Ward and the outlying districts, for the reason that it was not an easy matter for the existing lighting organization to address themselves to the illumination of streets in other quarters. Much criticism was made by individuals and a hostile press because such streets as Abbott Road and Elk Street were lighted by electricity, alleging that it was farm land and not recognizing that the lighting was essential to these great highways for those who came into the city with their goods in the early hours of the morning. But the criticism was upon so flimsy a basis that it could not stand long in the light of use and appreciation. In 1886 an organization was formed known as The Thomson-Houston Electric Light Company, which, in the main, purposed to do electric lighting on the west side. The results of the business of both companies was not entirely satisfactory, and a combination of interests, by the purchase of stocks and bonds of the respective companies by a common holder, was entered into in 1892 under the name of The Buffalo General Electric Company. The active �elements of all the companies were associated in the new organization, with Mr. Daniel O'Day as president, Mr. George Urban, Junior, vice-president, and Mr. Charles R. Huntley general manager. From that time on there has been a steady increase in the use and appreciation of electricity. In 1897 the steam plants of the various companies were gradually dismantled and the power was taken from Niagara Falls through The Cataract Power and Conduit Company. Today Niagara Falls power is distributed through The Buffalo General Electric Company and is probably the most potent factor in Buffalo's industrial life. At the present time there are different distributing stations in different parts of the city—in Wilkeson Street, Court and Main streets, Ohio Street, Babcock Street, and Ferry Street. In Buffalo the use of electricity is becoming general, and the community is living up to its name—the Electric City. Particularly is the application of this force to all domestic requirements becoming popular; such as for house lights, heat for cooking and laundry purposes, for operating sewing machines, mechanical elevators, and so forth. The Buffalo General Electric Company has been the leading educator in this respect. The offices of this concern are located in the new Fidelity Building, and the present officers are: president and general manager, Charles R. Huntley; vice-presidents, George Urban, Junior, and Andrew Langdon; assistant manager, William R. Huntley; treasurer, D. T. Nash. 4 Charles R. Huntley (see above) was general manager and eventual president of the Buffalo General Electric Company (BGEC). In making the plant a site for demonstrating the advantages and possibilities of alternating current, Huntley set up the BGEC to become a model for the centralized distribution of electrical power. Certainly, his role as a vice-president of the Cataract Power and Conduit Company, which installed and operated the transmission lines leading from Niagara Falls to Buffalo, put the BGEC in a advantageous position as a power distributor. By 1901 the BGEC was offering four levels of electrical service to the city of Buffalo: Constant high-tension current arc lighting 60-cycle alternating current distant incandescent lighting 500-v direct current motor circuits 220-v three wire direct current incandescent lamps �Since it was the major distributor of electricity to Buffalo, it is not surprising that much of the electrical current used at the Pan-American Exposition was distributed via the BGEC. In fact, the General Electric Company's display in the Electricity Building was the place of the step-down transformation of the power used for illuminating the Exposition grounds and buildings.5 This working exhibit allowed Exposition visitors to see the transformers up close, and to observe engineers at work as the current entering the grounds was reduced to the voltage needed to operate trolleys and incandescent lamps. The BGEC's role cannot be understated since the illumination effects were not only one of the most memorable features of the Pan-American Exposition, but proof to the general public that the water­ power from Niagara could successfully be harnessed and that electricity could be utilized for more than just industry. References 1. Edward Dean Adams. Niagara Power: History of the Niagara Falls Power Company 1886-1918. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Niagara Falls Power Company, 1927, p. 343.] 2. Ibid., p. 189. 3. Henry G. Prout. A Life of George Westinghouse. Published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1921. In Niagara Power, p. 193. 4. A History of the City of Buffalo. Its Men and Institutions. Buffalo, NY: The Buffalo Evening News, 1908. p.114. 5. The electricity that came from Niagara Falls was used primarily for illuminating the incandescent lamps used to decorate the Exposition buildings and grounds. A separate service building housed numerous natural gas-burning boilers and steam engines, which provided much of the electrical power used to drive machinery. A third source of power was the Machinery and Transportation Building, which exhibited steam and gas engines used to power the many fountains and water pumps. See "The Power Court of the Machinery Building" and "The Power Plants of the Pan-American Exposition" for more information. Additional Resources: • Thomas Edison visited the Pan-American Exposition and in an interview with Western Electrician, talked briefly about his impressions of illumination effects, the future use of his storage battery and the continued development of Niagara Falls as a power and industrial center. See "Edison at the Pan-American Exposition." �• An excellent timeline of the development of hydroelectric power at Niagara Falls can be found at Daniel M. Dumych's web site Waterpower at Niagara http://www.niagarafrontier.com/tunnelpix/DanielDumychWaterPower.pdf. • Additional information on George Westinghouse and the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company is available at The Westinghouse World: The Companies, the People and the Places on the American Memory site at http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/papr/west/westpres.html • Nikola Tesla's contributions to the development of Niagara Power are discussed on the PBS-produced Tesla: Master of Lighting at http://www.pbs.org/tesla/ �The Electrochemical Industry and Niagara Falls The theme image of the Pan-American Exposition was light--specifically, electrical light--referring to Buffalo's proximity to Niagara Falls, and consequent potential to exploit the almost limitless electrical energy of the Falls. But the development of electricity at Niagara Falls was about electricity for industrial power, not light. —Jack Foran, "Introduction: Niagara Falls and Electricity." When one considers the 1901 Pan-American Exposition, one of the first images brought to mind is that of the illuminated buildings and grounds. Because this striking display of electrical power was generated by the hydroelectric power plants of Niagara Falls, it is easy to directly relate the development of the Niagara power industry to the need for electrically generated light in cities like Buffalo. As Jack Foran emphasizes, this is a common misconception. It was, in fact, industry that powered the development of Niagara. In 1927, Edward Dean Adams wrote a comprehensive history of the Niagara Falls Power Company (NFPC), where he described the way Niagara power development both influenced and was influenced by the growth of industry. This was a surprising development to the planners of the central power station that would become the NFPC. They designed the facility based on the premise that the municipal and domestic users of electricity (electric railways, incandescent lighting, etc.) in the cities of Niagara Falls and Buffalo to be the parties with the greatest demand for Niagara power. On February 15, 1893 [two years before the power station began operation] … it was stated by the company that the inquiries and requests for power justified the belief that "a quick and urgent demand for this power, both hydraulic and electrical, will show itself at Niagara as well as at Buffalo, but undoubtedly it is from this great city now employing more that 50,000 horse-power that the more urgent demand will come for immediate use." 1 —Edward Dean Adams, 1927 �By December 1896, fifteen months after the NFPC began commercial operation, it became apparant that Buffalo was not the "field of quick and urgent demand" that planners had anticipated it to be. Instead, the largest consumers of electrical power were "local" and from "unexpected and novel sources." 2 "[A] glance at the diagram of circuits' showing the use of Niagara power in 1897, less than two years after the plant started, brings out a striking fact. Electric power was used for lighting, it was used for street railways locally and in Buffalo, it was used for motors in mills, the three uses of power which had been emphasized, but the center of the diagram shows five uses other than for lighting and power, of a kind to which scarcely any reference is found in the early prospectuses and plans of the company. These uses are for the making of carborundum, aluminum (Pittsburgh Reduction Company), alkalis and calcium carbide. They are electrochemical and allied processes and they were using, in the aggregate, many times the total power taken for lighting and motors." Diagram of Circuits. Source: From a paper "The Installation of the Niagara Falls Power Company," presented by Charles F. Scott at the Engineers' Club of Philadelphia, April 17, 1897. In Edward Dean Adams. Niagara Power: History of the Niagara Falls Power Company, 1927, v. 2, p.251. 3 As Foran mentions in his essay, one of the key technological innovations influencing the development of the Niagara power industry, was Tesla's invention of the alternating current motor. This motor, used in both industrial and domestic machinery, catalyzed the demand for alternating current, which justified the building of a power generation infrastructure based on the outward transmission of electricity from centralized production facility. But as Niagara Falls grew to be a center of hydroelectric power generation, the region saw the parallel development of a fledgeling industry that utilized electrical current for more than simply lighting factories and powering motors. The electrochemical industry required cheap electrical power. And it required a lot of it. Niagara Fostered the Development of the Electrochemical Industry Two basic processes are utilized in the electrochemistry: • Electrothermic process: Two or more elements are combined using a high-temperature electric furnace. • Electrolytic process: An electric current is used to break down an element into two or more new materials. For instance, caustic and chlorine results from the breakdown of salt. �Both of these processes require a constant, round-the-clock supply of power. Since power comprised relatively high percentage (nearly 20 to 40 percent) of the total cost of chemical production, electrochemical companies needed a source of power that was both constant and inexpensive. Niagara power had both of these characteristics, thus, the electrochemical industry prospered. In essence, the electrochemical and power industries in the Niagara Falls region each benefited from the other's prosperity. Development of Niagara's hydroelectric power provided an endless supply of cheap electricity, making electrochemical production cheap and profitable. This, in turn, creating a demand for more power. Niagara is the greatest single source of constant water-power in the United States. Here is power Niagara Falls. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo May 1 to November 1, 1901. Its purpose and its plan. With Illustrations. Buffalo, N. Y. : The Courier Company, 1901. p. [8]. stupendous in magnitude, easily developed, at a construction cost so relatively low that electric energy cost to customers is the very lowest. Niagara was a magnet to which was attracted the new born of the electrochemical family. 5 See Electrochemical Companies at Niagara for descriptions of some of the major chemical producers utilizing the Niagara's abundant and inexpensive hydroelectric power in 1901. �References 1. Edward Dean Adams. Niagara Power: History of the Niagara Falls Power Company 1886-1918. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Niagara Falls Power Company, 1927, v.2, p. 257. 2. Ibid., v.2, pp. 258-9. 3. Ibid., v.2 pp. 258-9. 4. The "Diagram of Circuits" from a paper "The Installation of the Niagara Falls Power Company," presented by Charles F. Scott at the Engineers' Club of Philadelphia, April 17, 1897. In Adams, v.2, p.251. 5. Ibid., v.2, p. 308. �New Technologies at the Turn of the Century The Harrisburg Engine. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Power, v. 21, no. 8 (August 1901) p. 3. The Harrisburg Engine was one of many gas and steam engines in the Power Plant in the Court of the Machinery Building. These working engines were not only exhibited to educate visitors, but also to provide supplemental power to run the fountain water pumps and other daily operations of the Exposition. One of the main functions of the world's fairs was to provide a forum for introducing and exhibiting new inventions and technological developments. The Pan-American Exposition was in its very essence, a working exhibit of the modern marvels of 1901. The use of steam and electrically powered machinery for exhibits and basic operations, not to mention the awe-inspiring illumination effects for which the Exposition is famous, were clear indications that industry and business, and even the government, were at the forefront in technological development. The Exposition hosted companies like General Electric, Westinghouse and some of the prominent engine manufacturers of the day-Lane & Bodley, Skinner, Nash and Bessemer. In fact, many of the larger companies provided "working exhibits"-displays of machinery that not only educated visitors, but actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. �In her article "How To See the Pan-American Exposition," Mary Bronson Hartt describes, from the visitor's point of view, the "modern marvels" on exhibit in numerous buildings throughout the Exposition grounds: In the main Government Building it is hard to say what you do not want to see. Perhaps the most popular section is that in the southeast corner of the building, under the label "Patent Office." There you see in operation the electrograph, the machine which transmits pictures by wire; the telautograph, which enables you to write your signature ever so many miles away; the voting-machine, the entertaining mutoscopes, the mechanical mowing­ machine, where the mown grass grows again while you wait, and scores of other ingenious novelties. In a dark room in this same part of the building the government schools make a novel exhibit of their work by means of the biograph and phonograph, the performance taking place at intervals from half past ten in the morning till five at night. Twice every day, at eleven and at two, there is a demonstration of wireless telegraphy in the War Department, under the government dome. The Electrograph. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v.5, no.26 (October 1901) p. 397. The Electrograph was an machine for "telegraphing pictures" and the exhibit demonstrated how a portrait could be sent by wire. Below is the telegraphing machine and an example of a picture sent from Chicago to New York. �Nernst Lamps. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 392. Nernst Lamps were displayed overhead in the Westinghouse Section of the Electricity Building. The lighting filament was made of lime-like minerals that, when heated by electric current, gave off a "the most dazzling white light." The fifty-candle Nernst lamp was three times brighter than the normal incandescent lamp of the period, and consumed half the energy. The "Dow" Typesetting Machine. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Donald Murray. "The Automatic Age," Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 401. �Niagara dominates the Electricity Building. At the east end of the building is a table covered with telephonic transmitters, and you have but to hold two of them to your ears to hear the thunderous roar of the Falls. The roar was captured by a transmitter in the Cave of the Winds, and is used as a sort of "bally-hoo" by one of the great telephone companies. Nearly half of the north wall of the building is occupied by the big transformer plant, where the power from the Falls, arriving at the high and dangerous potential of 11,000 volts, is stepped down to that of 1,800 volts for use about the grounds. This is an electric exposition; the electrical exhibits cannot be contained in a single building; they are everywhere. Niagara power drives the trolley which carries you to the grounds; turns the wheels of the countless machines in Machinery Hall; whirls the electric fans which cool the theatres in the Midway; illuminates the cycloramas and other electrical effects and illusions; makes possible the powerful search-light on the Electric Tower which sends signals to Toronto ; glows in the blended colors of the Electric Fountain, and blossoms in a whole firmament of electric stars which make up the glory of the Pan-American illumination. All this makes of supreme interest a modest little working-model of the Niagara Power House, near the western end of the Electricity Building. A portion of the outer wall is removed to allow you to see the wheel-pit and penstocks, and the turbines spinning in the rush of water, revolving the humming dynamos in the power-house above. Model of the Niagara Power House.Photo credit: n/a. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 388. The model's cutaway shows the shafts of six of the 5,000 horsepower turbines. For information on a second model of the Niagara Falls Power Company, see Models of Niagara Power Houses” Much of the apparatus in the Electricity Building is beyond the ken of the layman; but the improved phonographs which send their strong, full voices ringing through the building, appeal to the interest of the least technically inclined. In a green burlaps-covered cabinet near the centre of the building is shown a novel apparatus called the akouphone, an electrical appliance enabling the deaf to hear by increasing the force of sound-waves. The Delany telegraph system, the model telephone station, and the X-rays demonstration attract attention by day, while at night the beautiful display of hanging Nernst lamps in the draped roof make the building charming beyond its sister structures. Jacquard Loom. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901). This automated loom could weave sixteen silk souvenir picture ribbons at once. �Envelope-Making Machine. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 401. The image shows the "modern" automated envelope-making machine (right) next to its 1860 counterpart. The Monotype. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 401. The Monotype was described by Murray as "an automatic miracle of mechanism that sets up and casts type according to instruction given by a perforated strip of paper.” Beyond the Propylæa, in the Railway Exhibit Building, are dozens of magnificent big locomotives, and new model trolley cars and devices for automatic coupling and the like. A big steam shovel, in operation out of doors just beyond the Railway Building, is a sight worth an effort to see. The biggest engines in Machinery Hall are in the depressed Central Court. Among the more interesting exhibits on the ground floor are the ice-machines, the paper-box making, the great drills and lathes, and the like. But, then, to those who love machinery it is all fascinating. Source: Mary Bronson Hartt. "How to See the Pan-American Exposition," Everybody's Magazine, v.5, no.26 (October 1901) Note: The images used above were inserted by the web site editor and were not printed with Hartt's original article. Click on the individual images to see the source citations. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Electricity and Technology at the Pan American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource Technological advancements of the Pan-American Exposition of 1901. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-electricity-and-technology Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Electric power Hydroelectric power plants Water-power--Niagara Falls (N.Y. and Ont.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/328ae80b3794d11884b6e824a3b56e0b.pdf 051b9552e680feb59b34c1f875c4a368 PDF Text Text The Legal Aftermath of the Assassination of William McKinley On September 5, 1901, Leon Czolgosz unsuccessfully sought an opportunity to assassinate President McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. His second attempt on September 6 was successful. At the Temple of Music, while McKinley was in a greeting line, Leon Czolgosz fired two shots into the President. Czolgosz was wrestled to the ground by an Exposition attendee, AfricanAmerican waiter James Parker, who was credited with having prevented Czolgosz from firing a third round. [See a related essay on James Parker by Daryl Rasuli.] Soldiers of the U.S. Artillery descended upon Czolgosz and Portrait of William McKinley. Photographer: Francis B. Johnston. Source: The Life of William McKinley, Including a Genealogical Record of the McKinley Family and Copious Extracts From the Late President's Public Speeches, Messages to Congress, Proclamations, and Other State Papers. New York, P. F. Collier & Sons, 1901. began to beat him. From where he lay wounded, President McKinley was heard to have said, "Go easy on him boys." At police headquarters the assassin was interrogated by District Attorney Thomas Penney. Czolgosz confessed that he killed the President because, "I killed President McKinley because I done my duty. I didn't believe one man should have so much service and another man should have none." �"The Confession of Leon Czolgosz". Source: Photocopy kindly reproduced by the Karapela's Manuscript Museum. Surgery was performed on President McKinley by Dr. Matthew Mann. The operation began at 5:20 P. M., one hour and 20 minutes after the President was shot. The highly regarded surgeon, Roswell Park, was unavailable, so Mann, an obstetrician and gynecologist, performed the operation. In addition to Mann, the attending physicians were P.M. Rixey, Eugene Wasdin, (later) Roswell Park, and Herman Mynter. Matthew D. Mann, M.D. Physician and Surgeon; Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Buffalo. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Men of Buffalo: A Collection of Portraits of Men Who Deserve to Rank as Typical Representatives of the Best Citizenship, Foremost Activities and Highest Aspirations of the City of Buffalo. Chicago: A.N. Marquis & Co., 1902, p. 377. Dr. Roswell Park Herman Mynter, M.D. Professor of Operative Surgery, University of Buffalo; Surgeon to German and German Deaconess Hospitals. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Men of Buffalo: A Collection of Portraits of Men Who Deserve to Rank as Typical Representatives of the Best Citizenship, Foremost Activities and Highest Aspirations of the City of Buffalo. Chicago:A.N. Marquis & Co., 1902, p. 390. �On September 14, 1901 President McKinley died of gangrene at the home of John G. Milburn, president of the Pan­ American Exposition. After the final funeral service in Washington, D.C. on September 17th, McKinley's body was returned to his home of Canton, Ohio and entombed at the Westlawn Cemetery. By the time the body had been laid to rest, the Erie County Bar Association had assigned two honorable defense attorneys to what they termed the "distasteful task" of providing counsel to the assassin. Members of the local bar who were involved with the trial were presiding Judge Truman C. White, District Attorney Thomas Penney, as well Department Of Police, Buffalo, N. Y. Bureau Of Identification. Alias Fred Nieman Name Leon Frank Czolgosz No: 757Sex: Male- Color: White Crime: Murder 1st degree Place Arrested: Buffalo, N. Y. Date if Arrest: Sept. 6, 1901 Precinct: HD Arrested by: Solomon, Geary, Foster Age: 28 Height: 5, 7-5/8- Complexion: Med Eyes: DK. Blue- Weight: Med Hair: Red. BR- Build: Med Place of Birth: Detroit Mich. Nationality: American Occupation: Wireworker Citizen: Yes Scars and Marks 1. cut SC 2x (1/2) at 2, pt of elb. 2. out SC 2e on cent. back of eo hand. 3. IRR cut SC 3c, 2d. phal mid FGR, rear. 4. cut SC 7c ver LT cheek 3 from ear. While Wm. McKinley the President of the United, States was holding a public reception in the Temple or Music at the Pan-Amer. Exposition, he was shot in the abdomen with a .38 CAL, Revolver. Police Photograph and Report of Leon Czolgosz. Photographer: Unidentified. Source: Facsimile of the Police Report filed September 6, 1901. Department of Police, Buffalo N.Y., Bureau of Identification. Facsimile courtesy of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. �as defense attorneys Hon. Loran Lewis and the Hon. Robert Titus. The jurors reached a verdict in little more than 30 minutes. On September 26, 1901 at 2:00 p.m. Judge White sentenced Leon Czolgosz to death by electric chair at Auburn State Prison. He was executed October 29, 1901. The assassination of President McKinley by an avowed anarchist, only compounded Americans' fears, already stirred by such recent events as the assassinations of King Humberto of Italy and Empress Elizabeth of Austria and the Haymarket and Homestead riots in the United States. The focus of this fear was the anarchist movement, and the relationship of this ideology to immigrants. State and federal legislation began to target anarchists, with bills being introduced almost immediately to expel avowed anarchists from the country and to prohibit their entry into the United States from other countries. One such statute, the Alien Immigration Act of 1903, is discussed in Anarchy at the Turn of the Century. See the following pages: • Anarchy at the Turn of the Century • Images of William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition • Leon Czolgosz and the Trial �Anarchy at the Turn of the Century Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of President William McKinley, professed to being an anarchist. Inspired by Emma Goldman, he stated in his confession, "I killed President McKinley because I done my duty. I didn't believe one man should have so much service, and another man should have none." With the role of anarchists and the violence of the Haymarket Square Riot on the minds of many Americans, the death of McKinley at the hands of the anarchist son of immigrants was significant. While the idea that it enhanced the link between immigrant laborers and anarchists in the minds of civic leaders may be speculation, Czolgosz's deed and the attitude towards anarchism was most certainly an integral part of the passing of the Alien Immigration Act in 1903. • Emma Goldman • The Haymarket Square Riot • Anti-Anarchist/Anti-Immigrant Political Commentary • Legislation and the Courts Target Anarchists • Buffalo - a Labor Town Where Anarchists Failed Emma Goldman Born on June 27, 1869, in Kovno (now Kaunas), Lithuania, Emma Goldman grew up there, in Königsberg, East Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia) and in St. Petersburg. Her formal education was limited, but she read widely and in St. Petersburg, associated with a radical student circle. In 1885 she emigrated to the United States and settled in Rochester, New York. There, and later in New Haven, Connecticut, she worked in clothing factories and came into contact with socialist and anarchist groups among her fellow workers. Leon Czolgosz claimed to have been "an Anarchist--a disciple of Emma Goldman."1 He had been inspired by her, having seen her speak in Cleveland before the Franklin Liberal Club on May 6, 1901. Here she "laid down the principles by which she expected universal Anarchy to prevail... "2 While she no longer condoned violence, preferring education as the vehicle of social change, she did speak highly of the violent measures Emma Goldman Photographer: T. Kajiwara. Source: Emma Goldman. Anarchism and Other Essays. New York, Mother Earth Publ. Association, 1910. Frontispiece. �enacted by anarchists, calling their motives high and noble and praising them because they "could not stand aside while workers suffered."3 There is no evidence to show that Goldman was ever directly involved in Czolgosz's scheme. In fact he was scorned as too revolutionary by the anarchists with which Goldman associated, including Emil Schilling of Cleveland's Liberty Club and Abraham Isaak, editor of Free Society. Despite this, Goldman sympathized with the President's assassin. In "The Tragedy at Buffalo, " she wrote: I did not know the man [Czolgosz]; no one as far as I am aware seems to have known him, but from his attitude and behavior so far (I hope that no reader of "Free Society" has believed the newspaper lies), I feel that he was a soul in pain, a soul that could find no abode in this cruel world of ours, ... ... As I write this, my thoughts wander to the death-cell at Auburn, to the young man with the girlish face, about to be put to death by the coarse, brutal hands of the law, walking up and down the narrow cell, with cold, cruel eyes following him, "Who watch him when he tries to weep And when he tries to pray; Who watch him lest himself should rob The prison of its prey." And my heart goes out to him in deep sympathy, and to all the victims of a system of inequality, and the many who will die the forerunners of a better, nobler, grander life.4 Haymarket Square Early in 1886 labor unions in Chicago were beginning the fight for an eight-hour day. Serious trouble was anticipated and on May 1st many workers struck for shorter hours. An active group of radicals and anarchists became involved in the campaign. Two days later, one death occurred during a riot at the McCormick Harvester plant when police tangled with the strikers. The Haymarket Square Riot, depicted by a contemporary illustrator.Illustrator: unidentified. Source: George N. McLean. The Rise and Fall of Anarchy in America. Chicago: R.G. Badoux & Co., 1890, p. [89]. �On May 4, events reached a tragic climax at Haymarket Square, where a protest meeting had been called to denounce the events of the preceding day. At this meeting, while police were attempting to disperse the crowd, a bomb exploded. Policeman Mathias J. Degan was killed almost instantly and seven other officers died later. While the bomber was never identified, eight men were finally brought to trial. Judge Joseph E. Gary imposed the death sentence on seven of them and sentenced the eighth to fifteen years in prison. Four were hanged, one committed suicide and the sentences of the remaining two were commuted from death to imprisonment for life. On June 26, 1893, Governor John P. Altgeld granted pardons to those three in the penitentiary.4 The Haymarket Riots did have direct bearing on reaction to McKinley's Assassination some fifteen years later. The Buffalo Express pointed out to its readers that the person who threw the bomb in 1886 was never caught. The four men hanged were in fact charged as accomplices, giving the state precedence to charge any accomplices that Czolgosz may have had. Emma Goldman and eleven of her anarchist friends were accused of complicity in what was then the attempt on the President's life (McKinley had not yet died.) None of the Anarchists, including Goldman, was ever charged. 5 �Anti-Anarchist/Anti-Immigrant Political Commentary Political cartoonists and social commentators, directly related anarchy and immigration in their columns and cartoons. Political Cartoons reflect the "Evils of Anarchy". Source: Public Opinion, v. 13, no. 12 (September 19, 1901) Political Cartoons reflect "Anarchy and Immigrants". Source: Public Opinion, v. 13, no. 12 (September 19, 1901) In response to the September 6, 1901 shooting of the president and his subsequent death eight days later, publications printed much commentary denouncing the actions of anarchists. One such publication, the weekly Public Opinion, reprinted the opinions and statements made in many of the nation's newspapers and journals. Below are excerpts from Public Opinion's September 12th and September 19th issues. �… Czolgosz says that his deed was prompted by the teachings of anarchy; he asserts that he has only done his duty as he understands it. He is a Pole, but was born in this country, speaks English well, and is, presumably, familiar with the system of government under which he lived. If so, he knew that his deed was not only brutal and criminal, but senseless as well.... p.323 Excerpts from Public Opinion, September 12th, 1901 "Whether President McKinley lives or dies, the American people should learn certain lessons at his bedside," says the Boston Transcript: "That anarchy is hating as it is hateful; that it will strike as readily at the freely chosen executive of a republic as at a king ruling by 'divine right'; that anarchism must be suppressed here ... ... "This is a land of freedom, but it is not an asylum for assassins. Those who are banded together for the commission of murder are outlaws, and the most sacred human right-that of self-protection-demands that they be suppressed. Their presence in this country is a cancerous growth upon our republican form of government, and the most drastic measures used to remove them will not be too severe," says the Baltimore Herald.... p.324 Excerpts from Public Opinion, September 19th, 1901 ... Naturally the avoidance of a repetition of crimes of the kind which have deprived the nation of three of its presidents is the subject of most earnest consideration, but no practicable suggestions have yet been made. It is to be presumed that the assailant expects to accomplish the death of his victim; what then is to be gained by making an attempt upon the president's life punishable by death without regard to the actual outcome of the attempt? Probably nothing can be done to preclude the possibility of such attacks upon the heads of nations, but the preaching if not the mad practise of anarchy can be stopped, and it doubtless will be until we again grow careless of the safety of our highest state officials. ... p.355 [From the Chicago Journal] ... Who is it that makes the Goldmans and the Mosts, the Spieses and the Parsonses whose writings and speeches thus incite men to assassination? From whom do these teachers get their best encouragement in this country? Whose teaching is it that anarchists think they only carry to its logical conclusion when they advise and commit murder? Deliberately and without hesitation we say the "yellow journals" and the men behind them.... p. 361. [From the New York World] ... The response of the governors of many states to the inquiry of the World shows that the one point of emphatic agreement is that a change alike in our law and practise regarding avowed anarchists is necessary.... Now that public opinion has been sharply called to the deterrent inadequacy of the punishment provided for a man who unsuccessfully tries to kill the nation's chief magistrate, some such federal law will no doubt be enacted.... p.359 �Legislation and the Courts Target Anarchists Legislators and the Courts were not at all tolerant of anarchists and their teachings, in part because of the Haymarket Square riots and the seemingly endless growth in influence and power of the labor unions. The assassination of President McKinley by a professed anarchist who was also the son of immigrants contributed to the anti-anarchist fervor in Congress and the courts. The supposed ties between anarchists and immigrants was addressed most effectively with the passing of the Alien Immigration Act in 1903 ( 32 Stat 1213, ch.1012). ... SEC. 2.That the following classes of aliens shall be excluded from admission into the United States: All idiots, insane persons, epileptics, and persons who have been insane within five years previous; persons who have had two or more attacks of insanity at any time previously; paupers; persons likely to become a public charge; professional beggars; persons afflicted with a loathsome or with a dangerous contagious disease- persons who have been convicted of a felony or other crime or misdemeanor involving moral turpitude; polygamists,anarchists, or persons who believe in or advocate the overthrow by force or violence of the Government of the United States or of all government or of all forms of law, or the assassination of public officials; prostitutes, and persons who procure or attempt to bring in prostitutes or women for the purpose of prostitution; … . In addition to excluding anarchist immigrants from entry, the Act also allowed for the deportation of those immigrants already in the United States who were found to be anarchists. John Turner, a British national, was the first to be deported under the Alien Immigration Act. He appealed the decision to the Supreme Court in 1904. The Fuller court upheld the earlier decision. United States ex rel, John Turner v. Williams. Appeal From The Circuit Court Of The United States For The Southern District OF New York. No. 561. Argued April 0, 7, 1904.—Decided May 16, 1904. Congress has power to exclude aliens from, and to prescribe the conditions on which they may enter, the United Stales; to establish regulations for deporting aliens who have illegally entered, and to commit the enforce ments of such conditions and regulations to executive officers. Deport ing, pursuant to law, an alien who has illegally entered the United States, does not deprive him of his liberty without due process of law. The Alien Immigration Act of March, 1903, 32 Stat. 1213, docs not violate the Federal Constitution, nor are its provisions as to the exclusion of aliens who are anarchists, unconstitutional. �The People v. Most Shortly after the shooting of President McKinley, John Most was charged with a misdemeanor for "Publication of an anarchical article" ... "an act endangering the peace and outraging public decency, within Penal Code, § 675." Most was the publisher of the German language newspaper die Freiheit, and had reprinted an article which advocated the use of murder as a proper remedy to be applied against rulers or "enemies of the people." The article, "Murder vs. Murder," was originally written by Carl Heinzen fifty years prior, but reprinted by Most in the September 7, 1901issue of Die Freiheit. The charges against Most were summed up as follows: The publication and distribution, through the mail and to a local news company, of a German newspaper, circulated in the city and county of New York, reproducing an article, headed in display type "Murder vs. Murder", originally written by another person fifty years ago against crowned heads, teaching the doctrine of anarchy and declaring that all rulers are enemies of mankind who should be hunted and destroyed through blood and iron, poison and dynamite, make the publisher of the newspaper guilty of a misdemeanor within Penal Code, § 675, providing that "A person who willfully and wrongfully commits anyact * * * which seriously endangers the public peace * * * or which openly outrages public decency, for which no other punishment is expressly prescribed by this code, is guilty of a misdemeanor" -- and this although it be not shown that the publication of the article was followed by any overt act of physical injury to anyone. It is unclear whether or not the timing of this article was intentional. Most's counsel maintained that "as soon as he learned of the assault upon our late President, made all possible efforts to withdraw the newspaper containing the article in question from circulation. That, with the exception of those which had been sent through the mail and delivered to the International News Company, no more copies had been sold, so far as known to the defendant." The assault on McKinley was, however, referred to in the opinion by Judge Hultquist: ... It is the power of words that is the potent force to commit crimes and offenses in certain cases. No more striking illustration of the criminal power of words could be given, if we are to believe the murderer of our late President, than that event presents. The assassin declares that he was instigated and stimulated to consummate his foul deed by the teachings of Emma Goldman. He is now awaiting execution for the crime, while she is still at large in fancied security.... It is impossible to read the whole article without deducing from it the doctrine that all rulers are enemies of mankind, and are to be hunted and destroyed through "blood and iron, poison and dynamite." It is no answer to the evil and criminal nature of this article to claim that it was written for the purpose of destroying crowned heads. It inculcates and enforces the idea that murder is the proper remedy to be applied against rulers. The fact that it was published fifty years ago and again republished about fifteen years ago only emphasizes and gives added point to the criminality of republishing it at any time. It shows a deliberate intent to inculcate and promulgate the doctrine of the article. This we hold to be a criminal act. It is not necessary to trace any connection in this article with the assassination of the late President. The offense here, in the eye of the law, is precisely the same as if �that event had never occurred. The murder of the President only serves to illustrate and illuminate the enormity of the crime of the defendant in teaching his diabolical doctrines... John Most was found guilty, and sentenced to be imprisoned for 1 year in the penitentiary. He lost his appeal before the Supreme Court of New York in 1902. Buffalo : A Labor Town where Anarchists Failed During the late nineteenth century strikes by labor unions and social unrest among exploited immigrant workers were common. As a growing center of industry with a large immigrant population, Buffalo was not immune to labor strikes. In fact, there numerous work stoppages by those union workers involved in constructing the Exposition. One of the more famous strikes in Buffalo history, the Grain Scoopers' Strike of 1899 occurred less than two years prior, when city leaders were planning to showcase Buffalo to the world at the Pan-American. The 1899 strike was significant in that it illustrated, in part, why labor unions made up of primarily immigrant workers, the targets of socialist and anarchist ideologists, were not influenced by this group as in other U. S. cities. A key figure in the resolution of the Scooper's strike was Bishop of the Buffalo Diocese, Fr. James Quigley, who refused to allow socialism or the anarchist movement to displace the influence of the Catholic Church. Quigley sided with the mostly Irish scoopers in their dispute with saloon bosses but wanted the teachings of the church to form the basis of the workers' ideology. Consider the influence of the Catholic church in the lives of Buffalo's labor force. Most were Poles and some Germans from the East Side, Italians from the West Side and Black Rock and the Irish of the First Ward (and later, the West Side.) In general, the Catholic Church was the center of social, spiritual and cultural life in these ethnic communities. If Buffalo's bishop condemned socialism and anarchy, certainly the laborers would be listening. Quigley's opposition was vehement and amplified by the assassination of McKinley. He worked intensely to keep socialist and anarchist ideologies out of the church and out of the unions. Fr. Quigley's work was obviously noticed and in 1903 he was appointed the Archbisop of Chicago. References 1. Leon Czolgosz; quoted in A. Wesley Johns, The Man Who Shot McKinley. South Brunswick and New York : A. S. Barnes and Co., 1970, p. 123. 2. Ibid., p. 35. 3. Ibid. �4. Emma Goldman, "The Tragedy at Buffalo" Free Society, October, 1901. From the microform collection of the Emma Goldman Papersheld by the University of California. See also Emma Goldman Papers. University of California. Online. URL: http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Goldman/ 5. Johns, p. 146. "Emma Goldman." Anarchy Archives: An Online Research Center on the History and Theory of Anarchism. Online. URL: http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/goldman/Goldmanarchive.html �Images of President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition Good-bye-good bye, all. It's God's way. His will, not ours, be done. Nearer my God to Thee, nearer to Thee. —[McKinley's reported last words] President William McKinley attended the Pan-American Exposition on September 5, 1901, the day set aside in his honor as President's Day. The schedule of his events published in the daily program for the day shows that he was scheduled to be at the Exposition from 10:00 A. M. until after 8:00 P. M. The following photographs illustrate a few of the events on President McKinley's schedule for September 5th & 6th, as well as the public mourning upon his death September 14th, 1901. President McKinley riding on the Great Gorge Railway at Niagara Falls, Sept. 5, 1901. Photographer: G.D. Brinckerhoff. Source: Western Electrician, v.29, no.2 (September 21, 1901) p.182. �The following are images of President McKinley's President's Day Speech on the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition, Sept. 5, 1901. President's Day had originally been scheduled for June 13, 1901, during McKinley's extensive tour of the country in response to his re-election. However, Mrs. McKinley fell gravely ill during the tour and President's Day was rescheduled.1 President McKinley's Speech at the Pan-American Exposition. September 5, 1901. Photographer: Frances Johnston. Source: Photograph from the Johnston Collection in the Prints and Photographs. Division of the Library of Congress. Also in Pete Daniel and Raymond Smock. A Talent For Detail : The Photographs of Miss Frances Benjamin Johnston, 1889-1910. New York : Harmony Books, [1974], p. 73. President McKinley's Speech at the Pan­ American Exposition. September 5, 1901. Photographer: Frances Johnston. Source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, vol.24, no.4 (October 1901) p. 389 �The Pan American Exposition Grounds were jammed with a throng of 116,600 on September 5th, 1901. when President McKinley spoke on the Esplanade. In this photo the late Fred M. McLennan, who became managing editor of The Courier-Express, is seated just below McKinley, facing out. Continued on page 12 President McKinley's Speech at the Pan-American Exposition. September 5, 1901. Photographer: C.D. Arnold. Source: Held in the Presidential Files of the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress. The image below appeared Buffalo Express, September 8, 1901. Courtesy of Stephanie Long. "[McKinley] was always so sweet and kind and gentle," Frances [Johnston] remembered, "and so anxious to pose just the way you wanted him to, but always a little self-conscious before the camera, and so never at his best. But I finally caught him at the climax of a great speech, when he had wholly forgotten himself, and it proved his best portrait, and sadly enough, his last." This picture, which became known as the "Buffalo pose," was the model used to construct the statue of the President at the McKinley Monument in Canton, Ohio.2 �Shaking Hands with the President, September 5, 1901. Photograph taken in the corridor of the Government Building. Photographer: Louis B. Hart. Source: The Buffalo Express, September 15, 1901. Reproduced in The Illustrated Buffalo Express. Buffalo, N.Y. : J. N. Matthews Company, 1901. Early films of McKinley's final days were produced by the Edison company. They include "President McKinley's speech at the Pan-American Exposition" / "President McKinley reviewing the troops at the Pan-American Exposition" / "The mob outside the Temple of Music at the Pan-American Exposition" / "President McKinley's funeral cortege at Buffalo, N.Y.," etc. These films and more information about McKinley's final days are are available on the American Memory web site The Last Days of a President: Films of McKinley and the Pan-American Exposition, 1901 McKinley Reviewing Troops in the Exposition Stadium. September 5, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, vol.24, no.4 (October 1901) p. 415. �The "Last Posed Photograph" of President McKinley.In the Government Building on September 5, 1901. Photographer: Frances Johnston. Source: From the Johnston Collection in the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress [LOT 11735]. The "last posed photograph" of President McKinley, in the Government Building on 5 September 1901. Left to right: Mrs. John Miller Horton, Chairwoman of the Entertainment Committee of the Woman's Board of Managers; John G. Milburn; Senor Asperoz, the Mexican Ambassador; the President; George B. Courtelyou, the President's secretary; Col. John H. Bingham of the Government Board. William McKinley did not care for the use of bodyguards and secret service agents, but relented to the wishes of the Chief of the Secret Service, John E. Wilkie, and the influential Republican "Boss," Senator Mark Hanna. Although the Secret Service had no official empowerment to protect the President, Wilkie exceeded his authority and assigned operative George E. Foster as McKinley's personal bodyguard.3 �The President and Mrs. McKinley. Photographer: B. Dinst. Source: Photograph from the collection of the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress. In Margaret Leech, In the Days of McKinley, New York : Harper & Row, 1959. President and Mrs. McKinley touring the Exposition in carriage, probably after 7 p.m. on way to see the illumination of the Electric Tower and evening fireworks. September 5, 1901. Photographer: Frances Johnston. Source: The Johnston Collection in the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress. Appeared in the September 8, 1901 Buffalo Express. Those close to McKinley had reason to be concerned for his safety. A. Wesley Johns asserts that while fears for the president's life began at the time of the Spanish-American conflict, other factors contributed to this hightened concern:4 • Anarchism. The growth of Anarchism and the recognition that this school of thought could be dangerous. While the Haymarket Square Riots were fresh on minds of many political leaders, the recent assassinations and threats on the lives of European leaders were especially disturbing. Empress Elizabeth of Austria was assassinated in 1898; Edward VII, then Prince of Wales, was fired upon in April 1900 and King Humbert of Italy was assassinated in July of 1900. • Social class divisions. While the country was experiencing relative prosperity, there was a widening gap between the rich and the poor. The conspicuous consumption of wealthy industrialists constrasted greatly with the struggles of sweatshop workers and tenement dwellers. This provided fertile ground for labor disputes and the spreading of Anarchist ideologies. �• Yellow journalism. As Johns points out, McKinley was "flayed relentlessly" by William Randolph Hearst, whose publications described him as a "puppet" of wealthy industrialists. An editorial printed in the April 10, 1901 Journal asserted that "If bad institutions and bad men can be got rid of only by killing, then the killing must be done." Of course, journalists of the period would refute this. The editor of The Nation (published by the New York Evening Post Company) wrote in the September 19, 1901 issue that "[t]he theory, which has been seriously advanced, that Czolgosz was led to assassinate President McKinley by reading a certain daily newspaper, is without a particle of evidence, and is an affront to common sense." The president's secretary, George B. Courtelyou, (seen here to the right of MicKinley) was uneasy about the president's prolonged appearance at the Pan-American Exposition. Of specific concern was the reception to be held in the Temple of Music, September 6, 1901, the day after McKinley's speech. Courtelyou thought this unnecessary and twice attempted to cancel the engagement, only to have it reinstated by the President. 5 General William Bull was the Superintendent of Police in Buffalo. During his visit to the Pan-American Exposition, four detectives were assigned to the President, with Foster and two other secret service men, Al Gallagher and Sam Ireland. In addition, seventy-five policemen were added to the Buffalo force, augmented by Pan-American Guards, Coast Artillerymen, Pinkerton men and Railroad detectives.6 While McKinley's men feared for his safety, there did not appear to be any public concern. In the September 6, 1901 morning edition of the Buffalo Courier, there appeared an anonymous, "slightly burlesqued" account of the President's appearance and speech the day before.7 [See an image of the actual article.] Despite the light-hearted burlesque above, a strangely "prophetic" observation appeared on the same page: The surrounding of President McKinley by a body-guard of detectives when he appears in public, is probably as distasteful to himself as it is to abstract American sentiment, but as long as the earth is infested by malevolent cranks and unreasoning Anarchists, the precaution is entirely proper. One can only wonder what the author(s) of these passages may have thought as the events of September 6, 1901 unfolded… �McKinley and his entourage visit Goat Island, at Niagara Falls. September 6, 1901. Photographer: Orrin Dunlap. Source: From the Presidential Files collection of the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress ©1901 Orin Dunlap. (H9017 U.S. Copyright Office.) Also appeared in the Buffalo Courier, September 15, 1901. Also appeared in The American Monthly Review of Reviews, vol.24, no.4 (October 1901) p. 417. President McKinley in Carriage on Way to the Reception at the Temple of Music. September 6, 1901. Photographer: Frances Johnston. Source: From the Johnston Collection in the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress. Also appears in Pete Daniel and Raymond Smock. A Talent For Detail : The Photographs of Miss Frances Benjamin Johnston, 1889-1910. New York : Harmony Books, [1974], p. 72. �President McKinley Greeting Well­ Wishers at a Reception in the Temple of Music. September 6, 1901 (minutes before he was shot). Photographer: Undetermined. Source: The Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress The Shooting of President McKinley on the Stage of the Temple of Music. September 6, 1901. Illustration by: T. Dart Walker. Source: The cover of the September 21, 1901 issue of Leslie's Weekly. �The wounded president was taken by the electric ambulance to the Exposition's Emergency Hospital, located on the west side of the grounds near the Elmwood Avenue gate. Hospital staff included University of Buffalo medical school sophomores Burton T. Simpson and Burt J. Bixby and third year student T. Frederick Ellis. In addition to a more seasoned group of doctors, the resident physician was senior medical student Edward D. Mann, son of The Exposition's Emergency Hospital, where President McKinley was Taken for Treatment. Photographer: C. D. Arnold. Source: Originally appeared in the Buffalo Express, September 8, 1901. Reproduced in The Illustrated Buffalo Express. Buffalo, N.Y. : J. N. Matthews Company, 1901. Dr. Matthew D. Mann, the surgeon who would operate on the president, since Dr. Roswell Park, the Exposition Medical Director, was in Niagara Falls.8 Crowds gather outside the Exposition's Emergency Hospital, where President McKinley was taken for treatment. President McKinley's surgery began at 5:20 p.m., one hour and 20 minutes after the President was shot. Dr. Matthew D. Mann, however, was an obstetrician and gynecologist, with no experience treating gunshot wounds. Yet he was recommended by Board President John G. Milburn and performed the surgery that would remove one of the two bullets lodged in McKinley's body. The other attending physicians were P.M. Rixey, Eugene Wasdin, and Herman Mynter. Roswell Park would arrive later. Following his surgery, the President was taken by ambulance (driven by medical students Ellis and Simpson) from the Exposition Hospital to the home of John Milburn in Buffalo for further treatment and recuperation. An anxious public and press awaited the daily medical bulletins issued by McKinley's physicians. During the eight days following the shooting, the President first seemed to rally but then finally weakened. Thomas Leary and Elizabeth Sholes echo the prevailing observation with regard to McKinley's treatment: 9 Roswell Park was a leader in Buffalo medicine, especially antiseptic practice. Dr. Mann and the others were neither trained trauma surgeons nor did they bother with disinfection, not even wearing gloves. The first bullet had done little harm; the second entered McKinley's abdomen. The physicians used improperly sanitized probes and when Mann could not find the bullet, he closed the incision without draining the wound. It was a fateful decision. However, Jack C. Fisher, M.D., in his recent book Stolen Glory : The McKinley Assassination (Alamar Books, 2001) argues that it was severe fluid buildup and not gangrene that was the cause of death. Given the medical knowlege of the time, the President would likely have died, even if Roswell Park had performed the surgery.10 �The Milburn Residence on Delaware Avenue. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, vol.24, no.4 (October 1901) p. 419. The Press on "Newspaper Row" Receive an Update from Secretary Courtelyou. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Buffalo Courier, September 22, 1901. Also appeared in American Monthly Review of Reviews, vol.24, no.4 (October 1901) p. 423. Anxious Citizens await word of the President. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. In A. Wesley Johns, The Man Who Shot McKinley. South Brunswick, N.J. : A. S. Barnes and Co., Inc., 1970. Whether it was gangrene or a lethal build-up of body fluid, President William McKinley died at the Milburn home on September 14, 1901. A small funeral service was held there on Sunday morning, September 15th. McKinley's casket was taken by horse-drawn carriage through the streets of Buffalo to the City Hall, where the body lay in state from 1:30 to 11:00 p.m. Early on the morning of Monday September 16th, the President's remains began a journey first to Washington D.C. and then on to Canton, Ohio, where he would lay in state and then be buried in the city's Westlawn Cemetary. �Images of Mourning in Buffalo September 15-16, 1901 McKinley's Funeral Cortege through Buffalo Streets. September 15, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: A Buffalo newspaper clipping dated September 19, 1901. Courtesy of Stephanie Long. McKinley's Casket Arrives at Buffalo City Hall. September 15, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: American Monthly Review of Reviews, vol.24, no.4 (October 1901) p. 426. McKinley's Casket Being Carried into Buffalo City Hall. September 15, 1901. Photographer: Oscar A. Simon & Bro., Photographers. Source: Appeared in the Buffalo Courier, September 22, 1901 and Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901) p. 966. �Citizens at City Hall Await Viewing.September 15, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined [Possibly N. Lazarnick?]. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901) p.966. McKinley Lying in State in Buffalo City Hall. September 15, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Appeared in the Buffalo Times, September 22, 1901. Photograph from the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. Also reproduced in Thomas E. Leary and Elizabeth C. Sholes, Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition, Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Press, 1998, p. 121. Troops at the Train Station as McKinley's Funeral Train Prepares to Leave Buffalo. September 16, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined [Possibly N. Lazarnick?]. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901), p. 967. �The President's Funeral Train Leaves Buffalo for Washinton, D.C. September 16, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined [name at lower right is illegible]. Source: Undetermined. Washington D.C. -- September 16-17, 1901 McKinley's Casket enters the Capitol Grounds in Washington, D.C. September 17, 1901.Photographer: Undetermined. Source: [The Illustrated Buffalo Express. Buffalo, N.Y. : J. N. Matthews Company, 1901?] �View from the Capitol Building, Washington, D.C. September 17, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. [Possibly N. Lazarnick?]. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335, (October 21, 1901) p. 968. Canton, Ohio -- September 18-19, 1901 The President's Funeral Train Arrives in Canton, Ohio. September 18, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901) p. 988. The McKinley Home - Under Military Guard. September 18 or 19, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901) p. 973. �Solemn Procession from the Train Station to the Stark County Court House. September 18, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901) p. 973. Funeral Services at the First Methodist Episcopal Church in Canton. September 19, 1901. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2335 (September 21, 1901) p. 973. "At the Threshold". Illustrator: W. A. Rogers. Source: Harper's Weekly, vol.45, no.2334 (September 14, 1901) p. 909. �References: 1. A. Wesley Johns. The Man Who Shot McKinley. South Brunswick, N.J. : A. S. Barnes and Co., Inc., 1970, pp. 27­ 28. 2. This photograph of McKinley was taken by photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston (1964-1952) and is held in the Johnston Collection of the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress (lot 2967). It also appears in Pete Daniel and Raymond Smock. A Talent For Detail : The Photographs of Miss Frances Benjamin Johnston, 1889-1910. New York : Harmony Books, [1974], p. 68. 3. A. Wesley Johns, The Man Who Shot McKinley., p. 18. 4. Ibid., pp. 18-19. 5. Ibid., p.20. 6. Ibid., pp. 28-29. 7. Buffalo Courier (morning edition), September 6, 1901, p. 4. 8. A. Wesley Johns, The Man Who Shot McKinley, pp. 70-71. 9. Thomas E. Leary and Elizabeth C. Sholes. Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition. Charleston, S.C. : Arcadia Press, 1998. p. 118. 10. Jack C. Fisher, M.D. Stolen Glory : The McKinley Assassination. La Jolla, CA : Alamar Books, 2001. �Leon Czolgosz and the Trial On September 5, 1901 Leon Czolgosz unsuccessfully sought an opportunity to assassinate President McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. A second assassination attempt, by this self-proclaimed Anarchist, was successful. On September 6, at an afternoon reception at the Temple of Music, Leon Czolgosz, as if reaching to shake his hand, fired two shots into the President. Czolgosz was immediately wrestled to the ground by another person in the greeting line, James Parker, an AfricanAmerican waiter who had just been laid off and was looking forward to shaking the hand of the president. [See a related essay on James Parker.] Body guards, police and soldiers of the U.S. Artillery, sent to the Temple of Music to supplement the President's protection, descended upon Czolgosz and began to beat him. From where he lay wounded, President McKinley was heard to have said, "Go easy on him boys." • Who was Czolgosz? • Was the McKinley Shooting Czolgosz's "Great Act?" • The Act • Arrest and Confession • The Charge Becomes Murder in the First Degree • Czolgosz's Arraignment • The Trial of Leon Czolgosz Who was Czolgosz? Leon Czolgosz, (alias Fred C. Nieman,) was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1873. His father was a Polish immigrant and his mother German. He had five brothers, Waldeck, Frank, Jacob, Joseph and Michael, and two sisters, Ceceli and Victoria. His mother died of complications from childbirth at the age of 40 but his father soon remarried. Leon's family moved frequently, although they tended to remain in areas dominated by Polish culture. Although he had attended school for only 5 years Leon was an avid reader and considered to be the "family intellectual." He worked in various factories and mills, and by age 19, as the labor movement became more and more active, he began to distance himself from his Catholic roots. Compelled by what he felt were unfair human labor conditions (compounded by instability at home) Portrait of Leon Czolgosz.Photographer/Engraver: Undetermined. Source: Harper's Weekly. September 21, 1901. �Czolgosz became a socialist and began to seek out those who shared and promoted socialist ideals. He was drawn to the big names in the Anarchist movement--Emil Schilling, of the Cleveland Anarchist group Liberty Club, Abraham Isaak, editor of Free Society, and of course, his inspiration, Emma Goldman. Upon hearing her speak, Czolgosz considered himself an Anarchist. Yet local and national anarchist groups grew suspicious of Czolgosz and shunned him--many considered his references to revolution, secret plots and "conspiracies" to be dangerous. A mental breakdown in 1898 had affected his emotional and mental stability and he became more withdrawn, moving frequently between Chicago, Detroit, his family's farm near Cleveland and Buffalo, although he spent most of his time in the latter two cities. Dr. Walter Channing, an alienist and Professor of Mental diseases at Tufts Medical School, made a detailed study of Czolgosz's case in 1902. "While in this physical and mental state of sickliness," wrote Dr. Channing, "it is probable that he conceived the idea of performing some great act for the benefit of the common and working people."1 Was the McKinley Shooting Czolgosz's "Great Act?" Considering his stated confession, "I have done my duty. I did not feel that one man should have so much service, and another man should have none, " the shooting of the President of the United States may have well have been the "great act" Channing refers to. There are contradictory theories as to whether Czolgosz's plan preceded his late summer arrival in Buffalo. He had spent some time in a West Seneca, NY (a Buffalo suburb) boarding house for most of the summer of 1901, but had left for Cleveland only to return to Buffalo a few days later to take a room in John Nowak's saloon on the city's predominantly Polish East Side. Czolgosz states in a later account, that he did not plan the assassination until after returning to Buffalo on that day, August 31, 1901. Czolgosz had told interrogators that he was in Buffalo looking for work. Perhaps he traveled to Buffalo because of its large Polish population or, because he wished to take advantage of the low excursion rates offered at the time of the Exposition.2 Certainly, the president's visit to the Pan-American Exposition was not publicized until early August and Czolgosz had arrived in the city long before. Yet Margaret Leech points out that he had been in the city for most of the summer--through mid August. "McKinley's coming visit, heralded by great publicity, was known to everyone who followed the news."3 (And Leon Czolgosz was always carrying a newspaper.) Thus, while he may not have originally set out for Buffalo to shoot the president, there is ample evidence to suggest that he had planned it long before August 31st, as he claimed. �The Act Leon Czolgosz shot William McKinley as the President received greeters at the Temple of Music on September 6, 1901. Czolgosz stood in line with hundreds of others who were hoping to shake the President's hand. That he had his hand wrapped in a handkerchief was apparently of little concern as it was a sweltering day and handkerchiefs were visible everywhere. Accounts of exactly what happened vary from newspaper to newspaper. The Buffalo Express (Sept. 7, 1901) reported that a young girl was in line in front of Czolgosz while the Commercial (Sept. 7, 1901) printed secret service agent Ireland's account, stating that there appeared to have been a man in line in front of Czolgosz who "lingered too long." James Parker, the Negro waiter who wrestled Czolgosz to the ground, was said to have been behind the assassin in some accounts and in front of him in others. (As Daryl Rasuli points out in his essay, many of the newspapers did not even report Parker's involvement until sometime later.) What is known, however, is that Czolgosz fired two shots into President McKinley and was immediately apprehended. The public was enraged. From the Buffalo Express, Sept. 7, 1901: ... "Lynch Him" cried a hundred voices and a start was made for one of the entrances to the Temple of Music. The soldiers and police sprang outside and beat back the crowd.... In the midst of the confusion, Nieman [Czolgosz] still bleeding from his blows and pale and silent with his shirt torn was led out quickly by Capt. James F. Vallely, chief of the exposition detectives, Assistant-Commandant Robertson and detectives. They thrust him into a closed carriage. The detectives leaped in with him and Capt. Vallely jumped in the driver's seat as they lashed the horses into a gallop. A roar of rage burst from the crowd. "Murder! Assassin! Lynch him! Hang him!" yelled the thousands, and men, women and children tore at the guards, sprang at the horses and clutched the whirling wheels of the carriage. Nieman huddled back in the corner concealed by the bodies of two detectives. Arrest and Confession Czolgosz used the alias Fred Nieman and his police record listed him as twenty-eight years old, 5ft. 7-5/8 in., weighing 138 pounds. He was further described as being of medium build and complexion, with dark blue eyes and red-brown hair. The nature of the crime, stated on his record is as follows:4 "While Wm. McKinley the President of the United States was holding a public reception in the Temple of Music at the Pan-Amer. Exposition, he was shot in the abdomen twice with a .32 cal. revolver." �Photograph of Czolgosz and Facsimilie of Czolgosz's Police Report. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Facsimilie of Czolgosz's police report-- provided by the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. After being processed at Buffalo Police Headquarters, Czolgosz was interrogated by District Attorney Thomas Penney. He confessed to the crime, stating that "I killed President McKinley because I done my duty. I didn't believe one man should have so much service, and another man should have none." Interestingly, the date of the signed confession, September 6, 1901, was fourteen days prior to the actual death of McKinley, suggesting the Czolgosz was unaware at the time that the President was still alive. A Buffalo Express reported Czolgosz as saying that 3 or 4 days prior to the shooting, he conceived the idea of shooting the president but hadn't determined how. He claimed that he had purchased the revolver at a store on Main Street for $4.50 the morning of the shooting and that although he had later followed the President to Niagara Falls, an opportunity did not present itself until the McKinley's Temple of Music reception.5 �A Facsimile of Czolgosz's Confession. Source: Karpeles Manuscript Museum, Buffalo, N.Y. Apparently, Leon Czolgosz was a model prisoner, saying and doing very little to defend himself or to provide any additional information as to why he had committed this crime. Police were convinced that he was part of a larger anarchist conspiracy. If such a conspiracy could be proven, Czolgosz could be tried in federal court. As mentioned in the Anarchy section of this site, Emma Goldman and some of anarchists with whom Czolgosz identified were arrested. Likewise, anyone with whom Colgosz had contact in the Buffalo area was also questioned. John Nowak, owner of the East Side saloon (1078 Broadway) where Czolgosz stayed, was taken into custody with three other men for questioning.6 Upon the president's death, Buffalo physician Dr. I. Saylin was also arrested in connection with the assassination. Although he did not know Czolgosz, he had met with Emma Goldman during her visit to Buffalo.7 Like Nowak, Saylin was eventually released. No evidence of a conspiracy or the involvement of anyone other than Czolgosz was ever discovered. In fact, up to the point of his execution, Czolgosz maintained that he had acted alone. He has the "Phrenological Characteristics Common to Criminals" Czolgosz was becoming more and more withdrawn while in police custody, so much so that by Sept. 10, the Buffalo Courier reported that he was being guarded to prevent suicide. The Sept. 11 Commercial described the prisoner's physical appearance and demeanor in more detail: He Can't Sleep. Czolgosz Has Become Very Rest­ less, Refuses to Talk and Eats Little. �Czolgosz passed a very restless night. He evidently found it impossible to sleep. He rolled restlessly on his hard bed for a long time and then got up and paced up and down in his narrow cell. He hardly tasted of his supper last night. Either his splendid appetite had vanished or he deliberately determined not to eat. It was the same this morning when his breakfast was taken to him. He ate a morsel of it and left the rest. At 8 o'clock he began to walk up and down in his cell. He has refused to talk to his guards. He never says a word to anybody and answers no questions. The police do not know just what to make of this change. It may herald a complete break-down. Has A Beard Now. ———— Czolgosz is not Permitted to Shave Himself-Still Wears the Blood- Marked Shirt. ———— Czolgosz appears at least ten years older today than he did at the time of his arrest. The principal reason for this change probably is the fact that he has grown a beard, which now covers the whole lower portion of his face. Czolgosz is not permitted to shave himself, nor is it the intention of the police to call anybody in to shave him. In fact, they are no more particular about his personal appearance than Czolgosz is himself. So long as Czolgosz remains in his dungeon at police headquarters, which is likely to be some days at least, his beard will grow unmolested. Czolgosz's beard is rather full and heavy. It begins high up on his cheeks and runs low on his neck. It is a brown beard and rather dark, and just at present is fully one-quarter of an inch long. It evidently troubles him some, too, for he frequently runs, his fingers through it, as if annoyed by its length and thickness. The combination of the thick, stubby, beard and the general untidy appearance of the prisoner makes him look a great deal more like the typical anarchist than on the day of his arrest. Since last Friday, Czolgosz has neither washed himself nor combed his hair. He is wearing the same clothes, including his underwear, which be had on when he shot the President. He was not provided with a change of linen and the police did not think it was their duty to secure any for him. He wears neither coat nor vest. His faded shirt is soiled and is spotted with blood, the blood which was from his nose and face by the blows which were rained upon him immediately after he shot the President. The button holes in the collar of his shirt are ripped apart. Parker, the big negro, did that when he seized Czolgosz and prevented him from firing a third shot. His hair is long, heavy and tangled. It falls over his face and ears and is beginning to turn up at the back of the neck. Czolgosz has made one request for a comb. It was denied him, and since then he has displayed not the slightest interest in his personal appearance. As he appears now, there are not very many men who would be particularly delighted to meet Czolgosz in a lonely by way at night. There is a good deal of the animal in his make-up. The police say he has the phrenological characteristics common to criminals of a low and degraded class. �The Charge Becomes Murder in the First Degree Upon the death of President William McKinley on September 14, 1901, his assassin Leon Czolgosz was soon removed from the Buffalo Police Headquarters and taken to the Erie County penitentiary. Superintendent Bull told Czolgosz that "he was in danger and it would mean his immediate death if he made any attempt to escape.... The prisoner was then told that Mr. [Patrick] Cusack, [Assistant Superintendent of Police,] was to take him to the Penitentiary.... His clean shirt, which had been bought for him several days before, had been put on and Czolgosz looked fairly respectable, except for a shaggy beard, which partly covered his face, the result of a week's confinement.... There were probably a Buffalo Police Headquarters. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Buffalo Courier, September 8, 1901. dozen curious people standing near Police Headquarters. They were satisfied to look at the building which they supposed contained Czolgosz. None of those curious people imagined that the man who walked out ahead of Mr. Cusack was Czolgosz."8 Czolgosz's Arraignment Murder in the First Degree is the Finding of the County Court Grand Jury The following Buffalo Commercial article briefly describes Czolgosz's arraignment.9 Prisoner Was Stubborn. He Refused to Answer Questions, Refused to Say Whether or Not He Wanted a Lawyer, and Judge Emery Appointed Former Jus tices Loran L. Lewis and Robert C. Titus as His Counsel-----Czolgosz Had Been Confined in the Penitentiary. �Erie County Court Judge Edward K. Emery. Photographer: Undetermined. Source: Source: Men of Buffalo: A Collection of Portraits of Men Who Deserve to Rank as Typical Representatives of the Best Citizenship, Foremost Activities and Highest Aspirations of the City of Buffalo. Chicago: A.N. Marquis & Co., 1902, p. 319. References 1. A. Wesley Johns, The Man Who Shot McKinley, South Brunswick, N.J. : A. S. Barnes and Co., Inc., 1970, p. 39. Most biographical information about Leon Czolgosz is from the Johns book and from Margaret Leech's In the Days of McKinley, New York : Harper & Row, 1959. Additional information on the ethnicity of Czolgosz's parents was provided by Wanda Slawinska. 2. Robert J. Donovan, in A. Wesley Johns, The Man Who Shot McKinley, p.43. 3. Margaret Leech,. In the Days of McKinley, New York : Harper & Row, 1959, p. 593. 4. Police report on Leon Frank Czolgosz, arrested September 5, 1901. Department of Police, Buffalo, N.Y., Bureau of Identification. 5. Buffalo Express, September 8, 1901. While enroute to Auburn State Prison after his sentencing, Czolgosz would state that this was an error. In an interview published in the Buffalo Express, September 27, 1901, he claimed to have not planned to shoot McKinley at Niagara Falls. 6. Buffalo Enquirer, September 7, 1901. 7. Buffalo Commercial, September 15, 1901. 8. Buffalo Express, September 17, 1901. 9. Buffalo Commercial, September 16, 1901. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Legal Aftermath of the Assassination of William McKinley Description An account of the resource Document describing the legal aftermath of the assassination of William McKinley at the 1901 Pan-Am Exposition. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-anarchy-and-assassination Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) McKinleyWilliam1843-1901--Assassination Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9f763e63f02c372a2db3167ebace71df.pdf a1d624952aa807bcda8c87162112acaa PDF Text Text Food and Drink • Maps to the Essentials Food, Drink, and Toilets: Find your way around the Pan with a map showing the location of the major restaurants and another, showing stands for various soft drink vendors, as well as toilets for men and women. • The Restaurants The Exposition was home to restaurants of every price and there were ample opportunities to try food from far away lands and to have a beer or two. One could enjoy a sandwich at a stand or a multi-course meal in swank surroundings. Local hotels and boarding houses also offered one or more meals. How expensive was it to eat at the Pan? A menu from the Pabst restaurant, along with background economic information, and some advice to visitors is given. • Personal Accounts and Stories Box lunches and free samples replaced or complemented the fare at the Exposition and some reporters delved into the depths of human nature and foibles by exploring people's reactions and interactions at these minor eating events. • Food Company Exhibits Many prominent contemporary companies were major businesses in 1901 and they exhibited their wares and stories and distributed food samples and brochures at the Exposition. Some companies had their own buildings, brightly colored and inviting visitors for a snack; others exhibited in Exposition buildings. The exhibits were generally elaborate and one of the most interesting was that of the Natural Food Company of Niagara Falls, makers of shredded wheat. Many companies received medals for specific products, as did a large number of Latin American companies. • New York State Agricultural Exhibits Here will be found photographs of the general agriculture exhibit and the vegetable, pomological, peach and grape, wine, diary, and apiarian exhibits. • The Exposition's Effect on Life in Buffalo Hundreds came to Buffalo to work at the Pan. There was some labor unrest among waiters, waitresses, and cooks. Soda water and ice cream climbed in price, as did other commodities, and inexpensive restaurants and lunch wagon sprang up surrounding the grounds, offering -- in the eyes of some commentators -- a taste of urban blight. • Cookbooks Companies produced brochures and pamphlets and trade cards for distribution at fairs and expositions. Some produced entire cookbooks showing how their products would contribute to hygienic, healthy, and tasty meals. The Enterprising Housekeeper, a company sponsored text, is reproduced in its entirety. The efficient use of leftovers, made possible by iceboxes and better packaging, was a large topic. �• Food as a Cultural Experience The smells of many cuisines floated across the grounds. Actually effort was taken to direct the smells away from concentrations of people. While one could enjoy Mexican and German foods, as well as some Italian cooking, "American" food ruled the day. Foods such as macaroni and rice were "advertised" as American foods, not as Italian and Asian. Nationalism crept into food ads with assertions that the product was the best because it was American- made. Popcorn and peanuts were everywhere. • Food and Health Here are included appropriate excerpts from reports of the Exposition's medical director and newspaper reporter comments on individuals advocating various nutritional panaceas and food supplements. Yes, meat was seen as potentially dangerous even in 1901! But that doesn't mean it wasn't extremely popular -- and plentiful. In fact, meatpacking was the nation's most profitable industry. • Food Firsts and Technological Marvels Peanut vending machines may have been first introduced at the Exposition, a variety of new kitchen appliances were demonstrated, and instant coffee made its debut. Some things, such as the drinking fountain, although already in existence, served Exposition-goers well and, in so doing, received great advertising. By way of endorsement, national ads for some products actually mentioned their showing at the Exposition. �Maps to the Essentials Major Restaurants on the Exposition Grounds Created using a map of the Pan-American Exposition grounds printed by Rand, McNally & Co., Chicago [1901?]. Major Restaurants on the Exposition Grounds �Softdrink Vendors, Restaurants and Toilets Located on the Exposition Grounds �The Restaurants Besides the seven large restaurants supplied by the Main kitchen of the Bailey Catering Company there were numerous smaller and specialized eateries preparing and serving food for expositon visitors and workers. The more expensive establishments were located in such areas as the Pergolas and the Electric tower. Ethnic foods could be found throughout the Midway, and even the Indian Congress Restaurant boasted a "First class meal and all kinds of refreshments." Exposition visitors were not limited to dining on the grounds proper as many Buffalo establishments promoted and advertized their restaurants as viable alternatives to the often overpriced meals found on the Pan-American grounds. This section exhibits some of the restaurants and food choices available to Exposition-goers. In addition, the Menus and Advertisements section allows viewers to compare food prices at the exposition to the annual income/expenditures of families of the period. • Pabst on the Midway • Some Advice on How to Get the Most of an Exposition Meal • Main Kitchen of the Bailey Catering Company • Waiters and Waitresses Wanted! • Restaurant Menus and Advertisements • Restaurant Experiences of "Uncle Hank" Pabst on the Midway This crude poem appeared in the Journal of American Industries 3, no. 9 (February 1901) and was followed by a description of the Pabst concession. Graced with colored lights and 150 x 10, the restaurant cost over $30,000 to build and employed upwards of 100 people. Mueller and his family were veterans of other fairs and he was assisted at Buffalo by his three sons. "Gesundheit!"Pabst on the Midway -- Frtiz Mueller the Host Eat, Drink, and Be Merry When the sad tourist is tired out with sights, When he is thirsty and needs rest, by rights There's Pabst on the Midway, with Fritz in command; �Step over and see him and get the glad hand! Eat, drink, and be merry. Forget every care. Have a good time as long as you're there! The big exposition will tire out the best And all will need a place they can sit down and rest And sip a good beverage such as Pabst makes And Mueller dispenses. Such a place takes! Yes, Pabst on the Midway is just the right thing. Here say me "Gesundheit." Pabst's praises we'll sing. Bill Of Fare. Steaks And Chops. Porterhouse, single- $0.75 “ double- $1.50 Sirloin, plain- $0.50 “ with Onions- $0.60 " Mushrooms- $0.75 Tenderloin Steak$0.60 Chicken, broiled, half- $0.60 " " whole$1.00 Mutton Chop.40 $0 Pork “ 40 $0. Veal Cutlets- $0.40 Relishes. Lettuce$0.20 Sliced Tomatoes- $0.25 Olives$0.25 Dill Pickles$0.15 French Peas$0.25 Eggs and Omelets. Ham$0.85 " and Eggs$0.45 Baron and Eggs$0.40 Eggs, three, boiled, fried or scrambled- $0.35 Omelet, plain$0.40 " rum- $0.50 Cheese. Swiss, per order$0.25 Limburger, per order$0.25 Brie, "- $0.25 Neulchatel, “$0 .25 Cold Meats. Roast Beef$0.25 Ham$0.25 Beef Tongue$0.25 Holland Herring$0.30 Sardines $0.25 Wiener Wurst and Potato Salad- $0.25 “ “ Sour Krout- $0.25 Potatoes . French Fried$0.10 Lyonnaise$0.10 Hashed Browned$0.10 German Fried- $0 .10 Reproduction of the Menu of the Pabst Restaurant. Source: Menu of the Pabst Restaurant, located on the Midway of the Pan­ American Exposition. Courtesy of Sue Eck. Sandwishes. Ham$0.10 Imported Swiss Cheese- $0.15 Limburger$0 .15 Roast Beef$0.15 Sardine$0.15 Caviar$0.25 Coffee, per cup$0.05 Tea. “ $0.10 Milk, per glass- $0.05 Pie, per cut$0.05 Wine List. G. H. Mumm & Co. Extra Dry, Pts. $2.50; Qts. $5.00 Champagne. Domestic Champagne- Pts ($1.25), Qts ($2.50) Clarets and Sauternes. J. Calvet & Co. Floriac- Pts ($0.75), Qts ($1.50) St. Julien- Pts ($0.75), Qts ($1.50) Chat. Pontet Canet, ’87Pts ($), Qts 1.00 (2.00) Chat. Smith-Haut-Lafite, '90Pts ($1.15), Qts ($2.50) Chat. La Rose, '77- Pts ($1.50), Qts 3.00) ($ Sauternes- Pts ($0.75), Qts 1.50) ($ Haut Sauterne- Pts ($1.00), Qts ($2.00) Rhines and Moselles. P. J. Valckenberg. Niersteiner- Pts ($0.75), Qts ($1.25) HochheimerPts), Qts($0. 75 ($1.50) Rauenthaler- Pts ($1.00), Qts ($2.00) Liebfraumilch, ‘93- Pts ($1.25), Qts ($2.50) Zelting- Pts ($.0.75), Qts ($1.50) Berncastler Doctor- Pts ($1.15), Qts ($2.50) Brandy, Etc. Old Crow- Club Bottle ($0.20) Meadville Distilling Co.- Club Bottle ($0.20) John Dewar & Sons’ Scotch- Club Bottle ($0.25) Liquors and Mixed Drinks. Whiskey, straight- Glass ($0.15) Creme de Menthe- Glass ($0.20) Benedictine- Glass ($0.25) Curasoa- Glass ($0.25) Chartreuse- Glass ($0.25) Kemmel- Glass ($0.20) Whiskey Cocktail- Glass ($0.20) Manhattan Cocktail- Glass ($0.20) Martini “ Glass ($0.20) Vermouth “- Glass ($0.20) Brandy “- Glass ($0.20) Liquors and Mixed Drinks. High Ball. Glass ($0.20) Whiskey Sour- Glass ($0.20) Gin Fizz Glass- ($0.20) Gin Rickey- Glass ($0.20) Egg Nog- Glass ($0.20) Milk Punch- Glass ($0.20) Sherry and Egg- Glass ($0.20) Sherry CobblerGlas ($02. 5) Gin Sour- Glass ($0.20) Golden Fizz- Glass ($0.20) Silver Fizz- Glass ($0.20) Claret Lemonade- Glass ($0.20) Plain "- Glass ($0.15) Seltzer "- Glass ($0.20) " and Lemon- Glass ($0.10) Rhine Wine- Glass ($0.15) Port "- Glass ($0.15) Claret “Glass ($0.15) Catawba Wine- Glass ($0.15) Sherry “- Glass ($0.15) Tokay “- Glass ($0.15) Mineral Waters, Etc. Bass Ale, Dog's Head- Pts ($0.30) “ “ WhiteLabel- Pts ($0.30) Guiness' Stout- Pts ($0.30) Apollinaris- Glass ($0.15), Prts ($0.25), Qts ($0.40) White Rock LithiaQts) ($0 .40 Pabst Bottled Beer. Export- Bottle ($ 0.15) Doppelbrau- Bottle ($0.15) Red, White and Blue- Bottle ($0.15) Blue Ribbon- Bottle ($0.20) Pabst Malt Extract- Bottle ($0.25) Pallet Bohemian Beer on draught, per glass, 5c. Cigars in sealed envelopes. See also, Uncle Hank's experience at the Pabst Restaurant. �Some Advice on How to Get the Most From An Exposition Meal In the Everybody's Magazine special Pan-American issue, Mary Bronson Hartt offered the following advice to the thrifty: "The problem of dinner at the Pan-American is one of grave importance. If you are careless of expense it is easy to be happy; you dine at Alt Nürnberg, or up in the Tower, or at the American Inn. But if you want your money for something more lasting than viands the case is The Nebraska Sod House. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan­ American Exposition, Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 69. complicated. There are two fifty-cent dinners offered on the grounds: one at the restaurant beside the Philippine Village, the other in the Dairy Building. There is even a thirty-five-cent dinner to be had beside the East Amherst gate. For this I cannot vouch. In general the low-priced places furnish as good service and as desirable a menu as would be expected with Pan-American prices prevailing at the markets. The Nebraska Sod House used to be an exception. It furnished, and still furnishes for that matter, a meal of fricasseed chicken, coffee, and bread and butter for thirty cents. And it was good. But unfortunately everybody knows about the Sod House now, and unless you go at eleven o'clock in the morning it is always full and closed. The Rice Kitchen is another reasonable place, but too popular for comfort. There is a moderate-priced restaurant with entrance from the street in Fair Japan. " Streets of Mexico" serves both native tamales and chili con carne and American food well cooked, at prices below that of the dearest places. Sandwiches and such unstaying trifles can be had at lunch counters everywhere, but they are not cheaper than more Dairy Building. Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Latest and Best Views of the Pan-American Exposition. Buffalo, N.Y.: Robert Allan Reid, 1901. Courtesy of the University Archives-­ University at Buffalo. substantial dishes -- that is, if you buy enough to sustain life. Habitues of the Exposition get their most substantial meal at noon at one of the cheaper places, and sup lightly at Alt Nürnberg to the music of the fine band or up on the colonnade of the Electric Tower with the whole sunlit spectacle spread out before them." Mary Bronson Hartt, "How to See the Pan-American Exposition," Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901): 488-491. The Restaurant at Alt Nürnberg. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition, Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 104. Note: Images did not appear in the original Hartt article and have been compiled from various sources. �Main Kitchen of Bailey Catering Company, Enormous In Every Way The Exposition's main kitchen was located in the northwest corner of the Pan-American grounds, near the Midway. In the "Maps to the Essentials" section, see Major Restaurants on the Exposition Grounds to find the location of the Main Kitchen (section A-3) in relation to the larger dining facilities. A more detailed map of the Softdrink Vendors, Restaurants and Toilets Located on the Exposition Grounds shows many of the smaller restaurants and refreshment stands. The main kitchen's design is described in this Buffalo Courier article of 7 March 1900: "Construction work was begun this morning at the Pan-American grounds on the immense kitchen upon which will devolve the task of preparing food for the millions of people who will visit the Exposition next summer. The plan is to have the Kitchen apart from the restaurants which it will purvey for, in order that the odors of the flower beds may have a chance against the redolent tornadoes of cooking smells that are bound to escape form the pie-foundry that is to be built with a capacity of 50,000 pies of these pastries every day, and which will enthrone Buffalo for one season at least, as Queen of the Pie Belt. It is deemed wise, too, to have the roaring furnaces that will furnish power in the manufacture of eatables apart from the Exposition buildings. For these reasons the Kitchen, the size of which entitles it to be pronounced with a capital initial, is being built in the north side of the grounds near the power house. . . When the north wind blows the aroma of the baking Boston beans will be wafted through the Beautiful Orient and Dreamland. At other times they will regale firemen in the firehouse. The Kitchen will be 200 hundred feet long, 150 deep and two stories high. It will be devoted exclusively to cooking with the exception of rooms in the second story, which will be set apart for the chef and scullions. Although the Kitchen is not designed as an exhibit, it will be open on all three sides for inspection. To this end the lower story will consist largely of windows, through which visitors may watch the odorous transformation of strange substances into mince pie. It has not been decided yet how to get over the difficulty of serving hot meals in the restaurants that top the kitchen when the institution will be nearly a half mile away. The problem is one that involves rapid transit. A system of overhead trolley lines similar in principle to that used for transactions of cash in department stores has been considered seriously. The plan provides for large baskets mounted upon trolley wheels. One strong objection is the birds of the air, who might levy toll upon the baskets en route. The gravity of the danger will be realized when it is stated that the feathered population of the grounds will be reinforced next summer with 500 more pigeons direct from Venice." Portions of an Enquirer article of 28 March 1900 add some details: " … The kitchen is a long, two-story affair lying behind large square buildings which will screen it from ordinary sight. Visitors will be welcome, however, large giant windows and convenient platforms being provided of a view of operations within. It's size is 250 x 75 feet. �On the west end is a large bakery, with two immense ovens, capable of baking 1,000 loaves of bread every hour. These ovens rotate and have swinging shelves like the cars on the Ferris wheel. Cake, crackers, or cookies may be baked instead of bread. North of the bakery is a laundry for table linen, and east of that an ice cream room. Next is a store room and then a wine room, which is supplemented across the walk by a deep recess, fitted with a complete refrigerating plant for beer and wine. On the south side are a butcher shop, a room for vegetables and fish, one for butter and eggs, one for grocer's supplies, a cold storage box and an immense receiving space, 50 x 75 for stores and supplies. Grand View from Gates In addition, there are eight lunch rooms in various convenient places. The most popular will probably be those in the Pergolas, each seating 600 persons. These will be open with a view to the Esplanade to the north and to the south over the triumphal bridge to the State buildings. Another delightful dinning room will be in the Temple of Music. … There will be sandwiches, ice cream, and cake and similar light refreshments. The company is counting on an average of 50,000 meals a day from the start. They can take care of 100,000 in a pinch. There are to be 6,000 chairs. The big rush, however, will not come until after the Fourth of July. Sleeping Room for Employees Upstairs are the offices for officials, a large dining room for employees, of which there will be about 1,000 … the paymaster's room and twenty-eight sleeping rooms for officials and cooks. The Electric Tower. Artist: Harry Fenn. Source: Reproduced in Pan­ American Exposition, Buffalo May 1 to November 1, 1901. Its purpose and its plan. With Illustrations. Buffalo, N.Y. : The Courier Company, 1901. The kitchen will supply the seven large restaurants. There are four in the main buildings, two on the stadium side and two on the opposite side, each capable of seating 750 persons. One in the northwest corner will accommodate 700 and one in the Dairy building 250. The most exclusive, both in price and quality, as well as in location, will be the electric tower, overlooking the great fountain and the main feature of the Expo. The prices here will be about those charged at first class cafes. " Note: Images did not appear in the original Courier or Enquirer articles. Waiters and Waitresses Wanted! The restaurants on the grounds of the Exposition, and in Buffalo, presented good employment opportunities for waiters and waitresses. From as far away as Chicago they came. Some came so early they arrived before employment was available. �The Enquirer of 1 March 1901 described this problem: "It is estimated that something like 300 bartenders and waiters are in Buffalo unable to find work. They have come here in an anticipation of the Pan-American Exposition. Throughout the country many are making their way toward the city -- they will arrive in time to discover what a cold place a beautiful city with a glorious exposition can be just in the heyday of its marvelous summer until the visitor has the wherewithal to satisfy the lunch counters or an acquaintance with the Director-General. Local proprietors in seeking help are giving preference to home men. They will continue to do so, and though there will be a demand for extra labor after May 1st, the material to satisfy it will be way in excess of demand. Buffalo unions have issued warnings to the waiters and bartenders stating that they will make a big mistake by getting here before May or June, and that if they continue to arrive in the next three months, as they have of late, hundreds of them will be walking the streets hungry and homeless." And there was some effort to organize cooks and waiters, as reported in the Enquirer of 12 March 1901: "The organization, it is said, contemplates demanding $100 a month as a minimum for all good cooks or persons employed as head cooks. The minimum salary for waiters is said to be fixed at $2 a day." Few Restaurant Menus and Advertisements The first menu is that of the American Inn, one of the hotels located in the immediate vicinity of the Exposition grounds. The second is a menu of the luncheon held for President William McKinley during his visit to the Pan­ American. This luncheon was held in the New York State Building on September 5, 1901, the day before the president was shot in the Temple of Music. Reproduction of the Menu of the American Inn. Source: From a collection of Pan-American Exposition menus. Digitized from a photocopy.. Courtesy of the Buffalo History Museum. "American Inn” Reproduction of the Menu of a Luncheon Held for President McKinley on September 5, 1901 - [page 1]. Source: From a collection of Pan-American Exposition menus. Digitized from a photocopy. Courtesy of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. �Below is a menu from the Pabst Restaurant located on the Midway. At right are advertisements from the September 6, 1901 Buffalo Courier. [Click on these images to see larger versions.] To gain a better perspective of the "cost" of the Exposition food relative to annual income/expenditures of the "typical" working and middle class visitor, see 1902-1903 Family Profiles. �Advertisement for the Wellington Cafe. Source: The Buffalo Courier, September 6, 1901, p. 4, col. 7. Courtesy of B. Battleson. Advertisements for Buffalo Hotels. Source: The Buffalo Courier, September 6, 1901, p. 4, cols. 5-6. Courtesy of B. Battleson. �When at the Pan-American Don’t Forget that you can get a First-Class Meal and All Kinds of Refreshments Fruit And Ice Cream, At The Indian Congress Restaurant At Moderate Prices. J. W. Rosendale, Proprietor. Try our Ginger Beer; it is delicious. Also, our celebrated Coney Island Frankfurters. This advertisement appeared in the Historical Biography and Libretto of the Indian Congress, compiled by Frederick T. Cummins, [N. P., 1901.] �Personal Accounts and Stories The Exposition's restaurants and dining establishments were often crowded and for many visitors, proved expensive if not unpredicible in terms of the quality of food served. As a result, box lunches--often contained in simple shoe boxes wrapped in twine--were a common accessory among many fair-goers. Also, the free samples provided at the hundreds of food company exhibits complemented, even replaced, the fare at the Exposition. Some reporters delved into the depths of human nature and foibles by exploring people's reactions and interactions at these minor eating events. • Pack Your Lunch in A Box and Save Some Money • The Boxes Lunches were Carried to the Exposition in Did Not Always Find Trash Cans (From the Buffalo Evening News.) • Boxed Lunches are Opened and . . . (Observations of Lillian Betts) • Free Food, Human Nature, and the Business of Samples: Eyewitness Accounts (Observations of Lavinia Hart.) • The Free Lunch Counter (From the Buffalo Express) • With So Much Free Food Available, Restaurateurs Were Not Happy (From the Buffalo Express) Pack Your Lunch in A Box and Save Some Money To save money, many Exposition visitors either prepared box lunches to bring with them or chose to purchase their meals off grounds. Under the trees on Delaware Avenue was a favorite spot with those bringing box lunches. One guide book advised, under a special comment on Exposition lunches: "Visitors will have little trouble in this part of the city getting good lunches put up in shape to carry on the grounds for 25 cents or less. Some of the large stores on Main Street are advertising a wonderful 15 cent lunch combination." As reported in the Express of 8 June 1901, one could purchase a box lunch for 25 cents at the Automatic Café on 284 Main Street. "The novelty today is the machine that will deliver a drink, a sandwich, a piece of pie or a box of food, after you have dropped a check into the slot. . . called the Automatic café, because all of its food is served through such machines. There are no waiters, and, consequently, no tips to give. The food is kept in tightly closed receptacles, so that it is clean and fresh." �The Boxes Lunches were Carried in to the Exposition Did Not Always Find Trash Cans [Excerpted from the Buffalo Evening News, 21 May 1901.] "…an ocean of litter, left by the crowds of the dedication day which had flooded the streets of the Midway and the Esplanade had to be removed and the sweepers who had done such effective service on Sunday and Sunday night were out again in regiments. Such an accumulation of waste paper and card board lunch boxes as was gathered up would keep a paper mill going for a week. Old shoe boxes are evidently the favorite receptacle for the Exposition. Two or three thousand of them were rolling before the brooms." Boxed Lunches are Opened and… [The observations of Lillian Betts. Excerpted from "The People at the Pan-American," The Outlook 69 (14 September 1901).] ….Whatever may be said of previous Expositions, this is the Exposition of the people. Here and there are evidences of wealth; but the mass of the visitors to the Pan-American are the people who work with hands and head to earn their daily bread. The shoulders rounded over the desk; the laboratory, the book, the plow, are all there, telling their stories of service, giving the history of their owner's contribution to this epitome of American civilization. As noon approached the feet move more slowly, lines appear in faces which in the morning were wreathed in smiles, the searching, the questioning expression of the morning is giving way to bewilderment. So much has been seen; and the consciousness of how much more remains to be seen has sapped mental and physical strength, and every bench, every nook where a seat is possible, is taken. The first day there is a struggle to overcome the diffidence of eating in so public a place. This disappears rapidly, for mother-love yields before the importunity of a hungry child. Boxes are opened, and the family group, or the group of friends, are soon chatting, comparing notes, making comments, arranging for the afternoon. Here is a group of three women -- tall, angular, severe. . . There is a remoteness from the crowd about them that is not the remoteness of mere strangeness, but that which comes from lives lived apart from life. They look as if one more stop were impossible. Each carries a box neatly wrapped and tied. They sit down in the shade of the beautiful electric building. Even to sit down in the shade is so grateful that they look at one another in enthusiastic silence. The crowds pass and repass. Soon every seat near them is taken. All about people are eating, children are being fed, the popcorn boy is shooting his wares. The three saints from the unknown land of Quiet look at each other, at the untied boxes in their laps, at the unconcerned lunchers all about them. There is no use, they never can eat so publicly. The tallest, the thinnest, the most rigid of the three speaks. One flash of unspoken admiration from either side into her face, the three rise, turn the bench around, and, facing the building, with their backs to the stream of life, they eat their lunches, happily forgetting the public...... �Free Food, Human Nature, and the Business of Samples: Eyewitness Accounts [Excerpted from Lavinia Hart, "The Exhibit of Human Nature," Cosmopolitan XXXI, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 3-4.] . . .In the center of the Manufactures building was a gathering that defied imagination. All types of women were huddled together, rich and poor, esthetic and commonplace. It was lunch-time and they were in the work of managing a free lunch. Women whose diamonds were gems and whose gowns were creations elbowed women who might have been their cooks, to get free biscuits made from the "finest baking powder on earth"; free pancakes made from the only pancake flour that wouldn't result in sinkers; free soup from the only can containing real tomatoes; free samples from all the varieties of mustard, jam and pickles; free sandwiches of minced meat; free cheese, preserves, chow-chow, plum-pudding, clam broth, baked beans and pickled lobster. "Ladies," said the girl behind the prepared-flour counter, "you all know considerable more about sponge-cake, but unless you have used our flour, you don't know it all. Now, the sponge-cake I am cutting --" No reflection was intended and no offense taken. The ladies devoured the sponge-cake, and finished their meal with free samples of seven kinds of lithia water, four highly recommended mineral waters and three brands of unfermented grape-juice. "Well," said a fat lady from Seneca County, "That meal's the first thing I got for nothing since I landed in Buffalo I knew she was from Seneca County because she had an altercation with the grape-juice agent. "You folks don't know how to raise grapes," she said sententiously; "you ought to come down to Seneca County to learn about vineyards." "Madame," said the grape-juice agent with a superior smile, "we have hundreds of acres devoted to --" "Don't care how many acres you've got," said the fat lady smacking her lips; we've got the grapes. And our grapes jell, that's what our grapes do. I tried yours once--had a crate sent down from my sister Susie's. Tried 'em six days. Jell? They never showed the first symptoms. On the seventh day I rested, and gave the whole mess to the hogs. No sir, your grapes can't jell in the same kettle with Seneca County grapes," and the fat lady took a third glass of grape-juice and passed on. All of the fifty thousand people who visit the Fair daily don't patronize the advertisers' free-lunch counters, however, or the manufacturers would have to go out of business. Some bring luncheons in boxes and baskets and spread them on the benches or beneath the trees near the Delaware Park entrance; and the wise ones who find it hard enough travelling even without luggage, go to the beautiful buildings on the fair grounds and take chances on hardboiled eggs at five cents or make sure of them at ten. And these wise ones have a relish with their luncheon which is all the sweeter for being unsuspected. The young women behind the counters are of s type they've long been waiting for--angular, sharp-featured, spectacled, aggressive, the schoolmarm type that instilled into their childhood all the bitterness it ever knew. A gentleman of sixty swung on a high stool before the counter where presided the perfection of this type. Perhaps a strong resemblance made vivid the memories of half a century back and goaded him on. For forty minutes he wiped out old scores and �made the schoolmarm miserable. Why wasn't the chowder hot? How many times had the beans been warmed? Did the lady forget to put tea in the pot? Was that slipshod fashion the way to make a sandwich? Didn't the lady know her business, anyway? It wasn't the lady's business, she would have him understand she taught school in the Berkshires. The gentleman hadn't doubted that she taught school. But why was she here then? She was working her way through the fair, and intended lecturing on it next winter... With So Much Free Food Available, Restaurateurs Were Not Happy The 27 July 1901 Express reported: "The serving of food in Appetite Avenue and Hungry Alley, as the two food roads have been christened in the Manufactures building, has been discontinued at the noon luncheon hours and the dinner hour just prior to 6 o'clock. The restaurants objected to the serving at the meal hours, as, they said, many folk went to the avenue and the alley and got a free meal going from exhibit to exhibit eating biscuits, rolls, pickles, puddings, pies, cakes and drinking coffee. Some visitors made two or three rounds of the two aisles to make a really full meal." "The Free Lunch Counter" [The following text was excerpted from the (Buffalo) Express, 31 May 1901. Note: the photo below was not featured in the Express article and instead appeared in The Cosmopolitan (September 1901) p.506. No photo credit was given.] No matter how rainy or unpleasant the day, the exposition free-lunch counter is well patronized. To be sure, the familiar flyspecked sausage, soggy potato salad, discolored onions and small slices of hard rye bread are missing from the menu, and no Wandering Willies, with tin cans suspended from their rope belts, stack up against the counter. But it is a success, nevertheless. Women are its chief patrons, and the list of food runs from pickles to gingerbread. This free-lunch counter is in the northern part of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts building and borders on parts of four aisles. In the vocabulary of the exposition authorities there is no such phrase as free lunch, and so their records describe this counter as the food section. It is amusing to watch some of the more timid women as they reach the vicinity of the lunch counter. They dislike to join the throng of food grabbers, but the temptation of seeing their neighbors sampling the good things is usually too much to overcome. They may be in a hesitating frame of mind when they start in at the shredded wheat booth, but by the time they have countermarched on the other side of the aisle and encountered the sweet pickles and pineapple preserves they are out for everything that's on the counter. The gingerbread, crackers, candies, cough drops, porridge and other prepared-grain dishes that quickly follow come easy. �They leave the building with a . . . of tastes mingling in their mouths, while their brains are awhirl with the sentences that are served with the food, which run something like this: "This is only one of the score of ways in which our rolled oats is prepared. It's the simplest way. So just think what the other must be." "The pineapple preserve is only one of the preserved fruits which are put up in the same way. This is just to give you an idea of what our preserves are." "This gingerbread is made from our famous flour. Yes, of course, we put ginger in it, but it is the flour that makes the bread so nice and flaky. You can cook it in a few minutes in any sort of an oven." "That apple butter is made from apples from our own farm. So you know just what you are eating." "No, we aren't giving away jars of fruit today. We are afraid our samples won't hold out if we do that." "Yes, these pickles are grown for us especially. That's why they are all of such an even size. No, really, I don't believe I could give you our pickling recipe. It's something like a patent, you know." "It's the way in which our oats are rolled that gives them such a nice flavor. I thought you would like it. Just pour a little hot water on the oats, stir them up and breakfast is ready." "This tea is specially imported by us in limited quantities once a year. Yes, I thought you were a person who would appreciate the flavoring. No, I can't sell you a five pound package today, but I can take your order for one." A man now and then will slid up to a booth and sheepishly take a hand-out from one of the neatly dressed women and then try to crack some inane joke, just to show how unconcerned he is. The woman understands the situation and charitably laughs at the alleged witticism. "You want to know the worst trouble I have with the crowds?" repeated on bright young woman, who daintily places butter on a cracker the size of a quarter. "Why, the only trouble I have is to make the people hold their hands right. 'Hold your hand out straight' is what I have to yell at them most of the time. People will try to take the tiny crackers by the edge, just as they would do with the big ones, and they usually get smeared with the preserve. When they hold out their hands straight I drop the crackers in their palms and then they can't get mixed up with the preserves." One of the young women in charge of a food exhibit was interrupted by a well-dressed middle-aged woman yesterday who said: "Are you Mrs. B --," mentioning the name of the wife of the proprietor of the food product exhibited, which is a household word. "No, I am not," replied the young woman. "Well, has she been here today?" "No" �"Do you expect her later this afternoon?" "No, I don't. To tell the truth, I don't even know that there is a Mrs. B --. For all I know Mr. B-- may be a bachelor or a widower. I never saw him, though I have been employed by his firm for several years." "Well I should think he would have a wife to take care of such an exhibit as this," said the middle aged woman and then she went across the aisle to get a sample of gingerbread. … �Food Company Exhibits The Pan-American Exposition was an opportunity for food and manufacturers and distributors to promote and advertise their goods. Exhibitors distributed literature in the form of tradecards, and provided free samples of their products. In addition, products were judged and medals awarded. Those companies fortunate enough to be awarded medals at the Pan-American Exposition took full advantage of the honor as can be seen in the Mellins advertisement at right. Click the image to see contemporary advertisments of some of the more prominant food exhibitors at the Exposition. Most food company exhibits were housed in the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building although the Agriculture and Dairy Buildings held numerous exhibits of food and agricultural products. The buildings commissioned by individual states and countries also provided for space to exhibit the foods and agricultural products specific to their respective regions. For instance, the Chile Building displayed foods native to Chile while the Mexico Building exhibited not only the foodstuffs of that country but also the agricultural technologies used to produce and harvest those products. Many companies commissioned their own buildings for exhibits. One of the more impressive of these was the Lowney's Chocolate Exhibit Building. The Pan-American Official Catalogue and Guide describes this Lowney's Chocolate Building. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N.Y., 1901. p. 26. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. building: "Situated on the north side of the Canal Bridge which approaches the Horticulture building from the east and Midway side. The building is three stories in height, the first floor being devoted exclusively to the sale of Lowney's cocoa, chocolate and chocolate bon-bons. On the second floor is located the exhibit of Lowney products, ladies waiting room and office. The upper floor is a beautiful roof garden, which is well worth a visit for the fine view obtainable." Another medal winner at the Pan-American Exposition was The Natural Food Company of Niagara Falls, N.Y., makers of Shredded Wheat. The 1901 Buffalo Times article below, describes the company's elaborate exhibit.1 �The Natural Food Company of Niagara Falls: Home of Shredded Wheat "A theatrical exhibit of animals living in natural settings leads to the main exhibit of Niagara Falls' Natural Food Company exhibit. This initial display is known as the 'theatorium.' In the theatorium a squirrel appears, its teeth showing, its fur all soft and glossy, a beautiful creature. In the theatorium is a man who almost makes animals talk. It is explained that the squirrel proves precisely what the exhibitors claim and demonstrates the efficacy of the principle underlying their process for the manufacture of food products. The squirrel is not alone in the theatorium. There are woodchucks, porcupines, raccoons, weasels, minx, prairie dogs, wolverines, wild cats, English hare, jaguar, Rocky Mountain lion, wild bear, tiger and many more. Herman Grieb, the taxidermist, also prepared the grizzly bear, deer and horses. The display is not limited to beasts. . . Each beast and bird is shown in all the grace and charm and beauty of its natural life, free to roam and wander, relying solely on Nature for food to maintain life and supply the material out of which the symmetry and perfect form are molded and Exhibit of The Natural Food Company of Niagara Falls. Photo credit: n/a. Source: The Cosmopolitan , v.31, no.5 (September 1901) p.468. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. developed. . . Natural food does it, states the voice for the beasts and birds. There is no separating or taking from or adding to in their diet as they find it in the fields and forests, laid before them by the hand of Nature. Obviously, therefore, the voice points out, man should profit by this lesson to be found in he beasts of the fields and the fowl of the air. The animals that live under the ground, the animals that live on the ground and the birds that live above the ground all prove that naturally organized foods make possible The Natural Food Company Factory. Source: Deutsch-Amerikanische Historische und Biographische Gesellschaft, Buffalo un sein Deutschum [Buffalo? : Die Gesellschaft], 1911-1912. natural conditions. It certainly is a unique and engrossing entertainment. Crowds gather before the theatorium and enjoy the novelties and beauties of the display. It all is very realistic and effective in the theatorium and the audience gathers early in the day, while the performance is continuous until the close of the exposition in the evening. From the theatorium it is only a step to the exhibit of the products made by the Natural Food Company, the shredded wheat biscuit, the wondrous utilization of the pure, whole grain of wheat for food purposes, with nothing added and nothing subtracted. They are neatly, attractively arranged, and also placed so that visitors do not have to stumble over obstacles to reach them or inspect them. Their freedom from adulteration or alteration of composition during the process of manufacture is explained clearly and precisely. �Then come the demonstrators with their electric cooking service, as well as their old-fashioned stove ways of cooking. They take the food products and make them into almost every conceivable article of food from soup to ice cream. They show them in salads, vegetables, dressings, jellies, puddings, every form of food known. They explain as they go, and that explains the fact of the continued attendance of women, mothers and housewives in the audiences and crowds of sightseers and visitors around the exhibit." Contemporary "proof" of the "healthful benefits" of Shredded Wheat: With the Help of Shredded Wheat, Law Student M. J. Cronin Walks to Buffalo's Exposition from Nebraska2 ..."After I had accustomed myself to my diet, I scarcely ever suffered from hunger. Four Shredded Wheat biscuits, four eggs and a pint of milk at each of my daily meals, completely routed my craving of appetite. Toward the latter end of my walk I have been on the road for eight hours without eating, and then gone to the hotel and the same meal has satisfied my hunger. As I was out longer I also found that my thirst did not bother me nearly so much as at first, and frequently I have walked ten miles without taking a drink of any liquid." "I had some funny experiences along the route getting served when I went in for my meals. In some places they did not have Shredded Wheat and in others they didn't have eggs. When either was lacking I merely took the other. But as I came East I found no trouble in getting service. I met a peculiar vegetarian over in Ohio and I laughed good and hard when he told me of an experiment which he was undertaking. He is endeavoring to hybridize milkweed and egg plants to produce a plant that will grow custard. I spent several days of my time visiting in some of the cities through which I passed, as Omaha, Chicago and Sandusky. At this latter place I had to stop from the exactions of circumstances. I was walking along a trestle across the bay and saw a train coming toward me. I immediately stepped over onto the other track and then from behind me I heard the rumble of another train. It was rather sudden, but there was nothing for me to do but jump, so I dropped into the bay and swam ashore. Then I had to proceed to a secluded spot and dry out my clothes -- a task that required seven hours, as the day was rather damp." "I had three dogs while I was on my trip and none of them was able to follow me more than 100 miles, which struck me as rather peculiar. I understand, however, that a man can always outwalk animals and these dogs could not stand the cinders on the railroad tracks very long before their feet became sore. The trip has been worth all the effort that it has taken and although I have not been out to the Exposition yet, I am sure that I will have a great time there during the next two or three days. I am going from here to Niagara Falls to view the wonders there and also, incidentally, the new plant of the Natural Food Company, which manufactures Shredded Wheat. I've become interested in that commodity now and I wish to see how it is made." "I expect to leave the latter part of this week for Lincoln to resume my studies at the University of Nebraska. I'm going back by train though, because I have walked all I care to for a while, although I am going to continue the same diet right along as a steady thing." Mr. Cronin will walk from Buffalo to Niagara Falls some afternoon, after he has visited the Exposition and will take the train home from there. �Tradecards & Samples Companies with exhibits at the Pan-American Exposition took the opportunity to distribute literature and free samples of their goods. Most of this literature took the form of tradecards, which were relatively small and easy for visitors to carry or simply place in a bag. While most of these advertisements were about the size of a postcard, some were larger and more elaborately designed, often taking the form of a pamphlet or small booklet. Below are a few of the tradecards distributed at the Buffalo Exposition. Many of the names are still recognized today. [Click on the /pan-am/img/ below to view larger versions.] Cottolene "Tradebook". The image shows the front and back covers of a multipage booklet. Published by the N. K. Fairbank Company, Chicago, Ill., [1900?] Printed by the American Lithograph Company, New York. Image Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. From the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. The N. K. Fairbank Company was also a large distributor of meat products an produced numerous pamphlets and broadsheets for distribution at fairs and expositions. See their tradecard for beef and hogg products. �Highest Awards Wherever Exhibited! Two Gold Medals Paris, 1900. Our Commissaries Distribute . 57 Varieties Pure Pickles and Food Products ALL OVER THE WORLD, We grow the seed on our vegetable farm, The products of 18,000 acres used each year, Over 2,500 people constantly employed. Our nine branch factories are located in the States where soil and climate produce the beat flavored fruits and vegetables. Our products are distributed to your family grocer through our 16 branch warehouses, located in the leading commercial centers of the United States and Europe. Thousands annually visit the Home of the 57 at Pittsburgh, to inspect the Cleanest, largest and best equipped establishment of its kind in the world. See Our Exhibits: Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo. International Exhibition, Glasgow, Scotland. Permanent Exhibit, Heinz Pier, Atlantic City, N. J. Heinz Tradecard (girl). The image shows the recto and verso of a tradecard 5 1/2" x 3 3/4" in. Published by the H. J. Heinz Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. [1901?] Printed by the American Lithograph Company, New York, 1900. Image courtesy of B. Battleson �Libby's Tradecard. The image shows the front and back covers of a trade card measuring 3"x 5" when folded.Inside the card is printed information about the Libby, McNeill & Libby company. [See below for the full text.] Published by Libby, McNeill & Libby, Chicago, Ill., [1901?]. Image courtesy of B. Battleson. Text: Facts And Figures about Libby, McNeill & Libby's Plant. Space occupied by plant, 6 acres; floor space, 25 1/2 acres. Capacity of cutting floor, 250 cattle per hour. Slaughtered weekly, 15,000 cattle. Our stables contain 75 teams of a uniform bay color, many of them prize winners. Eighteen boilers are in use in our powerhouse and our refrigerating plant has a capacity of 750 tons per day. We prepare numerous varieties of ready-to-eat foods in this: also supply choice meats of all kinds to hotels and restaurants in all parts of the United States. We also produce large quantities of Smoked Beef, Hams, Bacon, Barrelled Meats and Sausages of every variety. �Our Products Are Noted For Their "Natural Flavor." Number of people employed in Chicago Plant, 2,500. Annual payroll (about) $1,000,000. We operate our own refrigerator car line. Branch houses in all the large cities of the United States and Canada, and in each of the principal import centers of the world. Monthly output, 5,000,000 cans. Number boxes of tinplate used annually, 150,000. Whenever exhibited, Libby's Canned Foods have secured highest awards for purity and excellence, receiving gold medals at the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893; Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition at Omaha, 1898 and Paris Exposition of 1900. Pan-American Exhibit-Manufacturers' and Liberal Arts Building, Section 11. Libby, McNeill & Libby, Chicago, U. S. A. Heinz Tradecard (pickle). Published by the H. J. Heinz Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. [1901?]. Image Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. From the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. The Story Behind Heinz's "57 Varieties." �Orangeade Tradecard. Published by J. Hungerford Smith Co., Rochester, N. Y. Image Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. From the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. �Nelson Morris & Co.- Fairbank Canning Co. Souvenir Tradecard. The image shows all pages of a single 3 3/8" x 5 1/8" folded trade card. Printed by the U.S.P. Company of Brooklyn. [1901?] Image courtesy of B. Battleson The "letter" inside states: Chicago May 20 - 1901 Dear Cousin Owing to an engagement to contribute to the product of Nelson Morris & Co. and Fairbank Canning Co. (the great packers) I shall be stuck in Chicago and be unable to meet you in Buffalo. To show how fat and healthy I am I send you my photograph on the opposite page. Yours truly Berkshire Hog The N. K. Fairbank Company also distributed Cottolene shortening products and published the Cottolene tradebook for distribution at the Exposition. �Swift & Co. Souvenir Pinback. Swift & Company, Chicago, Ill., [1901?]Image Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. From the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. References 1. The text is reproduced from the (Buffalo) Times, 20 October 1901. The images did not appear in the original article and are from other sources. 2. Excerpted from "Remarkable Test of Endurance.", featured on a Buffalo History Works web site. �New York State Agricultural Exhibits The following sections of the Report of the Board of General Managers have been reproduced on this site. • Allocation Report • Report of the Agriculture Exhibit • Report of the Dairy Exhibit • Report of the Horticulture Exhibit • Report of the Apiarian Exhibit Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition Held on the Niagara Frontier Within the State of New York in the Year Nineteen Hundred and One. Albany, N. Y., January 28, 1902. To The Hon. Benjamin B. Odell, Jr.,Governor of the State of New York. SIR-Pursuant to chapter 36 of the Laws of 1899, the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition have the honor to submit to you the following report. Byron R. Newton, Secretary. D. N. Lockwood, President Jacob Amos Geo. E. Yost Leopold Stern N. V. V. Franchot Andrew L. Hamersley Gaius C. Bolin John T. Mott Fred Greiner, General Managers. Sidney W. Petrie, Chief Executive Officer. �Hon. Benjamin B. Odell, JR., Governor of the State of New York. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Byron R. Newton, Secretary, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �D. N. Lockwood, President, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Jacob Amos Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �George E. Yost, Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Leopold Stern, Member, Board of General Managers, Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �N. V. V. Franchot, Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Andrew L. Hamersley, Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Gaius Bolin, Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �John T. Mott, Member, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Fred Greiner, Chairman Executive Committee, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �Sidney W. Petrie, Chief Executive Officer, Board of General Managers. Photo Credit: n/a. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. Source: Report of the Board of General Managers of the Exhibit of the State of New York at the Pan-American Exposition - transmitted to the Legislature March 27, 1902 / Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printers, 1902. �The Exposition's Effect on Life in Buffalo By-Products Of An Exposition The All Day and Night Cafe on Wheels. By-products of an Exposition. "The All Day and Night Cafe on Wheels". Source: undetermined. • The Effects of the Exposition As Seen on Buffalo Streets • The Exposition's Effect on Prices • The Byproducts of Questionable Character �The Effects of the Exposition As Seen on Buffalo Streets A number of newspaper articles reveal the effects of the Exposition on the city and it's residents. Established businesses in Buffalo began to prepare for fair crowds months before the Pan-American Exposition actually opened while new businesses appeared literally overnight. The Buffalo Express article below describes the establishment of new restaurants in the city proper. Restaurants Spring Up "Like Frogs in a Pond After a June Rain" Another feature of the preparations is the restaurants. They are popping up like frogs in a pond after a June rain or like prairie dogs when the sun is setting. Vacant stores along Main, Washington, Pearl, Niagara, and cross streets have been rented, furnished with long counters and small . . . tables with white cloth and neat napkins, a cake griddle in the window, a coffee urn by the door, a waitress, a cash register, oilcloth menu on the wall and a sign "Step Inside." There are scores of them. They extend up Main Street to High Street. Prices are rock bottom. Pie is five cents. It is to be hoped exposition crowds are hearty eaters. Otherwise, these bowers of gourmands will be turned to castles of disaster. For 15 cents a visitor will be able to get a meal. For a quarter, he will be able to enjoy a feast. The established restaurants with the best locations will have matters arranged so that no customers need pay less than he desires. In front of some of the restaurants barkers have appeared. They chirp like the robins who arrived before the last flurry of snow. They gain courage with the arrival of the crowds. One of them said yesterday that he could shout "pie" at a crowd when he could not say "beans" to a single passer-by. In most of the new restaurants, and in practically all the old restaurants, the menu on the wall states the price of every article of food, a hungry customer who can add half as well as he can eat will not be overcharged. Source: The Buffalo Express, 15 January 1901. While Buffalo and the surrounding region certainly benefited economically from the thousands of visitors who attended to the Pan-American, course, there were "negative" byproducts of the Exposition that were a source of contention among many city residents. Eyesores and establishments of questionable character sprang up in the immediate vicinity of the Exposition and throughout the city. Some Buffalo Vistas are Cluttered by Eyesores When the Exposition opened in May you got a very lovely view of the domes and towers across the fields from Forest Avenue. Buffalo congratulated herself on the setting she had given her fair. She spoke too quickly. A little city of quick-lunch kiosks sprang up on that very corner; soft drink wagons and fruit stands; and unspeakably shabby booths for the sale of beer and sandwiches and the irrepressible souvenir, filled the whole countryside obliterating the view of the Exposition. Temporary hotels and perhaps even outside restaurants were a necessary evil. But Bohemian beer gardens were not. The city groaned in spirit as two mighty pavilions of the latter class were run up within a thousand feet of the main gate of the fair. Despite the attraction of beer served among the mummied palms, one of these places failed to draw, and it has been whitewashed and relabeled with a more attractive name. The other, orchid-like, lives on. �Downtown and up, certain harmless little booths offer "Pan-American orangeade," or orange cider, or other pernicious dyed drinks, grateful to the throat of the wayfarer, but scarcely grateful to his aesthetic sense. Fakirs, masters of their art, draw throngs of curious people at every street corner, and hideous night lunch wagons prowl both night and day. Source: The Buffalo Courier, 20 October 1901. Orangeade Tradecard. Published by J. Hungerford Smith Co., Rochester, N. Y. Image Source: Kerry S. Grant. The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901. Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. From the Collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. The Exposition's Effect on Prices Buffalo-area retailers hoped to take advantage of the crowds of Exposition visitors to maximize their profits. The Buffalo Express article below describes an increase in the price of soda water, while the fictional Uncle Hank finds that the "bargain price" charged for a room is not such a bargain after all. Soda Water Will Go Up Sad News for the matinee Girl And the summer Man Exposition Is To Blame �Price Of The Refreshing Beverage To Be Doubled--The Popular Buffalo Will Be 11 Cents The matinee girls are disconsolate. The summer man is unhappy. The druggists are jubilant and the exposition managers are unconcerned. All because the price of soda water during the summer will be ten cents a glass. The dreadful rumor has been current for some time, but a brave young woman who questioned the clerk as he deftly filled her glass in a downtown store yesterday had her worst fears confirmed. "And that isn't all," he said, as he reached under the counter and hung a placard on one of the faucets, which read: Try the new drink, "A Buffalo." Made with 11 ingredients And costs 11 cents. "We expect a big run this summer on the new beverage," said the clerk, as he rinsed and wiped the glasses. "I don't know who originated the Buffalo, but I heard it was a soda clerk in a Chicago store. He certainly had a great head. The name itself is going to make it popular, but it is a pleasant beverage that cannot fail to make a hit with lovers of temperance drinks." "It is made this way: Chipped ice, a dash of vanilla, nectar strup [shrub], lemon juice, sherbet, dash of claret, sprig of mint, slice of pineapple, slice of orange, a little cordial, and French cherries. There's a drink that would make a man leave his happy home, wouldn't it? Any druggist caught selling it under eleven cents will be boycotted by all the Buffaloes in town." "The soda season," continued the clerk, "is a little backward this spring on account of the extreme cold weather, in former years the business was in full blast all over town by April 15th, but this year some of the fountains will not be started until May 1st." "One of the new drinks is a carnation flip, with or without a hatchet. It is made with chipped ice, pine apple, strawberry, and raspberry strups [shrubs] , ice cream, plain cream, and an egg. A little nutmeg is sprinkled on the top. If the customer wants a hatchet in his flip, he winks the left eye, and we just add a dash of brandy to flavor it." In Buffalo nearly all the drug stores have soda fountains. Some of the stores in the crowded downtown districts do an immense business from May 1st to September 1st and even to October 1st, if the weather continues warm. From two to five clerks are kept busy at a great many of the downtown stores. "Of late years the sale of medicines is merely a side issue of the drug business at some of the big pharmacies," said a well-known druggist. A drug store at a prominent corner will take in from the soda fountain $100 day from May 1st to September 1st. Some of them, I am told, take in on an average $125 a day from the fountain. That amount is far in excess of money taken in for drugs and toilet articles. I venture to say that the drug stores in Buffalo that �have soda fountains will average $10 a day during the heated season from the sale of beverages. Of course, there are a great many in the outskirts of the city that don't take in over $2 a day, but the average will reach $10. I don't think there will ever again be a drink so popular as the milk shake that came out a dozen or more years ago. It spread over the country like wildfire, and it is no exaggeration to say that millions of dollars were spent the first season for a beverage which all America was drinking. Source: Express, 28 April 1901. A High Room. Uncle Hank realized that he would have to make several journeys to the Exposition, and, wishing to be nearer to the grounds, he had one morning secured a room in one of the many private residences thrown open to Pan-American visitors by the frugal residents of Buffalo. A placard on the door announced: Rooms to Let, $1.00 Up. He concluded this about suited his pocketbook, and after an interview with the sharp-featured landlady, paid her a dollar, on "A High Room"—(Around the Pan, p. 148). Source: Fleming, Thomas. Around the Pan with Uncle Hank: His Trip Through the Pan-American Exposition. New York: The Nut Shell Publ. Co., 1901, p. 148. Courtesy of Stephanie Huthmacher. the assurance that she would have a nice room ready for him on his return from the Exposition. After ringing the door bell of his new quarters several times, the door was finally opened by a frowsy-headed maid-of-all-work, who recognized him immediately, and ushered him in. "You're the gent as hired a room this mornin'?" she inquired. "I'm that same individool thet paid yer mistress a dollar fer a room; is she to hum?" "She's gone ter market, but I kin show ye up. This way, please." And she led the way up several flights of wheezy, creaking stairs to the top of the house. Uncle Hank was out of breath when he reached a small attic room close to the roof. "This be'ant what I bargained fer. I want one ov them rooms down stairs; I paid what yer sign called fer, a dollar fer a room." �"I guess you didn't read the sign right; it reads $1.00 up, and this is up as high as ye can git," and the girl grinned from ear to ear, and then suggested that he could get one of the rooms down stairs by paying more money. He soon realized that he was in for it, so resolved to make the best of his bad bargain, and as he was very tired he was soon lost in slumber, disturbed only by the onslaught of an army of Pan-American bedbugs that would surely have taken first prize had they been placed on exhibition in the big show. … [Source: Thomas Fleming. Around the Pan with Uncle Hank: His Trip Through the Pan-American Exposition. New York: The Nut Shell Publ. Co., 1901, pp. 148-150.] The By-products of Questionable Character In addition to the "eyesores" described in the Buffalo Courier article reproduced above, the Exposition brought numerous drinking establishments, gambling houses and other institutions "questionable character" to Buffalo. Many of the "gin mills" sprang up on the "Free Midway" immediately outside the Exposition gates. More were established at various locations throughout the city, namely Main Street. Below, we see that Uncle Hank ventures into one of the Free Midway's "beverage dispensaries" as he travels "Around the Pan." …The next day Uncle Hank concluded to take a look at the "Free Midway" just outside the grounds of the Exposition. Just opposite the entrance, a wild Western mining town celebrity, styling himself Cheyenne Joe, had a cabin fashioned after the style in vogue in mining communities, in which he dispensed various beverages of more or less poisonous qualities; to attract votaries he had emblazoned the walls of the aforesaid cabin with strangely worded devices which carried double meanings, very amusing to the initiated: one in particular attracted Uncle Hank's attention. It occupied a prominent place on the wall and read as follows: If Drinking Interferes with Your Business, Give Up Your Business. If Drinking Interferes with Your Business, ...Give Up Your Business - (Around the Pan - p. 191). Source: Fleming, Thomas. Around the Pan with Uncle Hank: His Trip Through the Pan­ American Exposition. New York: The Nut Shell Publ. Co., 1901, p. 191. Cou This was too much for Uncle Hank, who remarked to the attendant behind the bar: "Young man, ye'd better take daown thet sign. It's well understood among men �ov your craft thet a wise man never drinks behind ther bar so ye'd better giv up yer bizness er take daown yer sign." [Source: Fleming, Thomas. Around the Pan with Uncle Hank: His Trip Through the Pan-American Exposition. New York: The Nut Shell Publ. Co., 1901, p. 189-191.] By Products Of An Exposition A Scene of Main Street. By-product of an Exposition. A Scene of Main Street. Source: undetermined Reference: The image of the "barker" located to the left of the Orangeade Tradecard is an illustration by Thomas Fleming, found in Fleming's Around the Pan with Uncle Hank: His Trip Through the Pan-American Exposition. New York: The Nut Shell Publ. Co., 1901, p. 55. �Cookbooks The same three words that described the trends in kitchens of the new century -- sanitary, convenient, and economical -- were also applied to the practical aspects of the "science of housewifery." Young brides and housewives previously unacquainted with carrying out the multitude of laborious tasks in the kitchen could turn to household manuals, magazines and recipe books for guidance. They were instructed that cooking, the emphasis on careful thought and variety in meal planning would help prepare wholesome, body-building foods that fight off everything from disease to nervousness. The conscientious housekeeper had one or more trusted cookbooks toward this end.1 -- Ellen Plante One such cookbook was the 200 recipe The Enterprising Housekeeper, 3rd edition (Philadelphia, PA: The Enterprise Manufacturing Company of Pa., 1900) by Helen Louise Johnson. It was designed to encourage the use of the company's meat grinders, general-purpose shredders, and coffee mills. It offered housewives helpful advice and argued that consistently good cooking was a systematic, not a hit-and-miss adventure. The ice-box encouraged the saving of left-overs and this cookbook was dedicated to using them. The third edition was specifically "packaged' for the Pan-American Exposition Among its insights: "There may be -- in fact, evidence proves that there are -- good cooks who seemingly never measure anything, but by 'about so much of this,'and 'a pinch of that,' bring about results so delicious that the would-be follower at once determines to throw rules to the winds and try the same way. Good cooks always measure -- one by the cup and spoon, because she must; another by the judgement and experience long years of doing the same thing over and over again have given her; and the chances are that, unless you have the rare gift of cooking straight from the gods, you had better cling to the exact measures and weights if you want the best results every time, instead of once in a while."2 The Pan-American Cook Book, 1901 In 1899, the Ladies' Aid Society of Buffalo's Riverside Methodist Church published a cookbook to commemorate the Pan-American Exposition. Recipes were often compiled by philanthropic women's organizations and published in cookbooks that would contain preparation instructions for all of the meals necessary in the well-managed home. The publication and sale of these cookbooks enabled organizations to not only raise money, but also to fulfill a "duty" to promote the "desireable qualities" of a good housewife. Below is the "introduction": �Introduction. [p.3] It is universally admitted that the way to a man's heart is through his stomach, or, as the poet has it— We may live without poetry, music, and art; We may live without conscience, and live without heart; We may live without friends.; we may live without books; But the civilized man cannot live without cooks. He may live without books-What is knowledge but grieving? He may live without hope-What is hope but deceiving? He may live without love-What is passion but pining? But where is the man that can live without dining?" Hence the desirability of properly cooked and invitingly prepared food for the family. In order to accomplish this result, several things are necessary: 1st—The selection of the best and most nutritious food. —2nd—Choice, true and tried recipes for cooking it. and—3rd—and equally important—The best utensils for preparing and cooking the food in an appetising form. No good housekeeper needs any suggestions regarding the necessity of selecting only good, fresh food, as well as food suited to the taste of her household, and length of her purse. So with Recipes for baking, boiling stewing and toasting, frying, broiling, smoking and roasting we present the PanAmerican Recipe Book. The Pan-American Cookbook3 included printed recipes for meals and instructions for the preparation of various medicinal tonics. Most cookbooks of the day included "home remedies"--salves, tonics, cleaning solvents, etc. Included in each book were an ample number of blank pages for recording personal recipes and notes. In one instance, a recipe was recorded, only to be crossed out and marked "no good." �Pan-American Recipe Book, [p.80]. Source: Pan-American Recipe Book, (Pan-American Cook Book) compiled by the Ladies Aid Society of the Riverside Methodist Episcopal Church. Buffalo, N.Y. : Charles A. Folger, 1899. Courtesy of Ken Kerber. �Pan-American Recipe Book, [p.84]. Source: Pan-American Recipe Book, (Pan-American Cook Book) compiled by the Ladies Aid Society of the Riverside Methodist Episcopal Church. Buffalo, N.Y. : Charles A. Folger, 1899. Courtesy of Ken Kerber. �References: 1. Ellen M. Plante. The American Kitchen, 1700 to the Present: From Hearth to Highrise (New York: Facts on File, 1995), p. 175. 2. Helen LouiseJohnson. The Enterprising Housekeeper: Suggestions for Breakfast, Luncheon and Supper. 3rd edition. Philadelphia, Pa.: Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Pennsylvania, 1900. p. 39. 3. Pan-American Recipe Book, (Pan-American Cook Book) compiled by the Ladies Aid Society of the Riverside Methodist Episcopal Church. Buffalo, N.Y. : Charles A. Folger, 1899. Courtesy of Ken Kerber. Special thanks to Mr. Kerber for allowing us to reproduce the Pan-American Cookbook for use in this online exhibit. �Food as a Cultural Awakening Exposition attendees were introduced to a variety of foods from distant lands at various concessions and exhibits. These included chilies and tamales from Mexico, tea flavored ice cream at Fair Japan, red peppers and tropical products from across Latin America, and a host of beverages. One can easily imagine the rich blend of smells that emanated from various kitchens and cooking fires. Exposition-goers were exposed to these new and sometimes unusual foods at numerous venues, although most were concentrated in the area of the Midway. "Fair Japan," "Darkest Africa," "the Beautiful Orient"— these exhibits all introduced the foods of their respective cultures to the fair's visitors. The types of foods served, some prepared with seasonings unfamiliar to most North Americans probably shocked many a conservative palette. • The "Streets of Mexico" • "Fair Japan" • "Darkest Africa" • German Food at "Alt Nürnberg" • The "Indian Congress" and Village • The "Esquimaux Village" • Exposure to Cultural Foods Not Limited to the Midway A Scene From "Fair Japan". Photo credit: Unknown. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 477. The "Streets of Mexico" Uncle Hank, the protagonist in Thomas Fleming's Around the Pan with Uncle Hank, sampled most of the ethnic foods available on the Midway. This passage describes his first encounter with Mexican food: Uncle Hank's reaction to Mexican Food "A pretty little Mexican maiden brought him a 'bill of fare,'but as the dishes were of Mexican manufacture, Uncle Hank was for a moment non-plused; … In glancing over the list of edibles, he discovered the word beans; that was enough for him, …he concluded to "go it," but the first mouthful caused him to open wide his capacious mouth and emit a yell that caused a salvo of laughter from the other diners in the restaurant. The dish he had ordered was concocted by �stewing a large Mexican bean with a profusion of red pepper and other hot and spicy ingredients, and unless one is accustomed to such food is very apt to prove surprising at the first trial, and this proved to be the case with Uncle Hank." 1 Uncle Hank describes additional experiences with Pan-American Exposition's ethnic restaurants, (see Restaurant Experiences of "Uncle Hank") and in the process, betrays many of the ethnic and racial stereotypes and prejudices so commonplace in 1901 America. The Midway looking North from Alt Nürnberg. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Charles Cutter. Pan-American Souvenir. Niagara Falls, N.Y.: Charles Cutter, 1901 Map of the Midway. Created using a map of the Pan­ American Exposition grounds printed by Rand, McNally & Co., Chicago [1901?]. �Clarence J. Selby wrote about his visit to the Exposition in Echoes of the Rainbow City, and describes his rather unexpected introduction to a Mexican "delicacy": … In the "Streets of Mexico" is a man who sells candy and, to add to the attractions of his place, he has purchased two fine Mexican cactus plants. There are four Mexican brothers who play the marimbon. One is named Carlos Oivera. He found a long-missed dainty. He had been casually examining one of the newly-arrived cacti when he discovered in one of the fat leaves a small, dark spot. It was a sign of the "gusano," a delicacy greatly relished by the Mexicans, who rushed from all quarters upon hearing Carlos cry "gusano." He wished then that he had kept silent, but he whipped his knife out of his pocket and before any one could interrupt him had dug out a fat white worm as long as a man's finger. "Bueno! Bueno!" he exclaimed, as he thrust the squirming worm into his mouth. "Bah!" said an American who stood near, making a wry face, "No, senor," said Carlos, in his broken English, "Bueno, very good; nice, clean; taste like butter." Whether it tasted like butter or not Carlos ate it with a relish and was watched with envy by every other Mexican who saw him eat it. 2 "Fair Japan" Selby also talks of his impressions of "Fair Japan": … The young "Jap" that showed us over the place … showed us some beautiful articles of furniture inlaid with mother-of-pearl, and a Japanese suit of armor. I cannot describe half of the lovely things contained in that pretty little house. But one thing seemed to me very strange; no chairs and tables like we use, The kitchen contained a cook stove which was a strange affair, so low down that a person would have to Performers on the "Streets of Mexico".Photo credit: C. D. Arnold? Source: From the collection of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society. In Kerry S. Grant, The Rainbow City: Celebrating Light, Color, and Architecture at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo 1901, Buffalo, N. Y.: Canisius College Press, 2001. P. 87. sit down to cook on it. They tell me the Japanese place cushions upon the floor and sit upon them with their feet underneath them when they dine. There were many cooking utensils in the kitchen. All were very sweet and clean. … I have one very dear friend who is a Japanese professor in the Imperial school at Tokio, Japan. He both speaks and writes several languages. He has told me much about Japan. �The following is a description of a Japanese society dinner: Upon entering the hall the small servants go down on "all fours" by way of salutation, remove the shoes of the guests and escort them to the dining-room with no chairs or tables in it but covered with clean white mats. A circle of flat cushions mark the places for the guests to occupy. Each one sitting upon his heels. Then in comes the little musumese, or servants, with the dinner. First of all they serve tea in tiny, beautiful cups without any handles on them, and confectionery shaped like pretty leaves or pink blossoms which look very artistic. Then before each guest is placed a small lacquered table about a foot high holding several small dishes containing the following articles of diet: A small piece of lobster, half a small bird, two sugar-coated Irish potatoes, a small dark bowl of sauce, some slices of raw fish, some preserved cherries and A Water Garden Scene from "Fair Japan". Photo credit: N/A. Source: Pan-American Scrapbook [n.p., 1901?]. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant chestnuts and a bowl of brown soup with pieces of fish floating in it. This the natives eat with chopsticks. Then boiled eel on soy. The rice wine is served in slender, long-necked vases. At a signal the musumese retire to the end of the apartment. One side of the room the wall slides back and reveals a picturesque group of exquisitely dressed girls. They are the "maikos" or dancing girls and their accompanists, the "geishas." The girls, with their most beautiful fans gently waving as they pose in graceful attitudes, are a very pretty sight. They dance to the music of the instrument called the samisen. After they have danced the screens are drawn and the guests continue their dinner. Other dances follow at intervals until rice is brought in, which is the last course and the dinner is over. 3 The Entrance to "Fair Japan". Photo credit: N/A. Source: The Grandeurs of the Exposition, including State Buildings, Midway Scenes, Foreign Buildings, with Typical Buffalo and Niagara Falls Views. Text by Richard H. Barry. Buffalo, N.Y.: Robert Allan Reid, 1901. Courtesy of the University Archives, University at Buffalo �"Darkest Africa" The "Darkest Africa" exhibit was one of the most fascinating and unusual to Exposition visitors. At the same time, it was also the attraction most maligned in the contemporary attitude and popular print. Clarence Selby writes: "... entering 'Darkest Africa,' where the most unlovely were the greatest attractions. I did not feel at all inclined to handle the black dwarfs and pygmies who inhabit this village of 'Darkest Africa.'... They may be all very nice in their own way, but I would not care to associate with them. However, it was very nice that the concessionaires brought them here so that people might have the opportunity to see them and learn of their habits and customs."4 Building a Hut in "Darkest Africa".Photo/Artist credit: N/A. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 508. This Buffalo Commercial article of 10 July 1901 describes dinner at the African Village Pavilion. Indeed, "Darkest Africa" brought sights and smells never before experienced in Buffalo": "The savory odor of African stew drove the visitors out of the African village pavilion, yesterday, to where the cooks were busy at the open fire preparing their dinners. The people crowded around the huts and seemed very much amused at the sight of a big Ogowe warrior, sitting on the ground in front of his fire, skimming the stew with as much care as a cooking school graduate. The stew is made by boiling round steak and fresh fish together. A cupful of tomatoes and one onion chopped fine are added to the boiling meat, with a tablespoon of curry and a generous dash of red pepper. The whole is thickened with flour. It makes a very appetizing dish. The ration for one native for one day consists of two pounds of meat or fish, yams or white potatoes, a loaf of bread, coffee, six bananas and two oranges. Each native had a knife, fork, and spoon, and "Darkest Africa". Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901.Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. each has to wash his own dishes. The cool weather has been very hard on the Africans and every precaution has been taken to keep them from catching cold, extra blankets and fires being the order of the day." �German Food at Alt Nürnberg Alt Nürnberg had the largest restaurant on the Midway and served traditional German cuisine. Numerous articles describe this restaurant although all convey the fact that this was one of the more expensive and upscale dining establishments at the Exposition. Mary Bronson Hart wrote, "The problem of dinner at the Pan-American is one of grave importance. If you are careless of expense it is easy to be happy; you dine at Alt Nürnberg, or up in the Tower, or at the American Inn."5 See Uncle Hank Stops for a Bite at Alt Nürnberg for a somewhat less flattering description of the German eatery. Alt Nürnberg. Photo credit: n/a. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901) The Restaurant at Alt Nürnberg. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition, Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 104. �The "Indian Congress" and Village The Indian Congress attraction introduced visitors to 42 different tribes of North American Indians. As with most of the culture-based Midway "exhibits," the Indian Congress was wrought with ethnic and racial stereotypes, the most blatant being the reference to the participants as "savages" and the daily sham "battle" between the savage natives and the United States Army. Despite this, the Indian Village did afford visitors a chance to see some of the customs of individual tribes close-up. In his introduction to the Historical Biography and Libretto of the Indian Congress, Frederick T. Cummins writes of the Native participants, … While at the Indian Congress and on exhibition in the Indian Village, they will live in their primitive way in tepees, wickiups, and adobe houses, and afford the public a rare opportunity for the study of their traits and characteristics; their habits, sports and pastimes; their rites, ceremonies and dances. … Their domestic and industrial life is represented by the curing of meat, the preparation of meal, the splitting of wood, the setting up of tepees. The squaws do all this, besides the ornamental work, such as beading, making moccasins, lottery and clothing; weaving blankets and Three Chiefs of the "Indian Congress".Shown are (l-r) Chief Lone Elk, Sioux; Chief Red Cloud, Sioux; and Chief Hard Heart. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold Source: The Pan-American Exposition Illustrated by C. D. Arnold. Buffalo, N. Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant. making baskets, and adding to the personal adornment of their lords while they sit around, talk, smoke, and paint their faces and bodies for the dance or battle. … 6Most visitors to these Midway attractions were aware that the Native Americans living in these "primitive ways" were indeed, performing. Although the promotion of such stereotypes and generalizations would be considered offensive today, the concessionaires were giving the paying public of 1901 what they wanted. Indeed, many paying customers were probably disappointed to find that in reality, the "savages" they encountered were really not all that different than themselves. …I was watching some women over at the Indian village. They were holding their skirts daintily away and were peering into greasy old kettles that some squaws were stirring. "Isn't it awful to be obliged to eat that sculch?" said the fair pale-faces. Five minutes later the women were angry because the Indians were eating dinners sent in from a restaurant. The visitors declared that it spoiled the realism to find that the Indians were not eating the food they cooked themselves… 7 �Children of the "Indian Congress". Photo credit: n/a. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901), p. 504. The "Esquimaux Village" Arctic Natives of the Esquimaux village dining "behind the scenes" (left) … a somewhat different perspective of what the public saw, or expected of the seal hunting, kayaking, whalebone-carving people of the frozen north (right). Dining in the "Esquimaux Village". Photo credit: n/a. Source: Pan-American Exposition Scrapbook [n.p., 1901?]. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant Scene from the "Esquimaux Village".Photo credit: n/a. Source: Pan-American Exposition Scrapbook [n.p., 1901?]. Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �Exposure to Cultural Foods Not Limited to the Midway While much of the more exotic cultural cuisine was available in the restaurants of the Midway, agricultural and processed food products specific to the countries of Canada and Latin America were exhibited elsewhere on the Exposition grounds. Sizable exhibits of individual countries were mounted in sections of the larger exhibition buildings. For instance, Mexico and Canada both had exhibit space for food products in the Agriculture and Horticulture Buildings. Most of the smaller countries, however, exhibited foodstuffs in the buildings commissioned by their respective governments. Mexico The Official Catalogue of the Mexican Exhibits at the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo proudly introduces readers to the agricultural products exhibited by Mexico in the Agriculture Building: … If we are to examine now the various products that make up the important division of foods, we will see figuring prominently an extensive collection of coffee; there are samples on exhibition coming from each one of the states producers of that rich grain, and it is a fact well known that since the Brazilian crisis stimulated the production, Mexico has notably enhanced her coffee plantations, and this is now one of the most important articles of export. In competition with all the other coffee producing countries, Mexico has obtained the highest awards for her coffee in all the expositions that have been held up to the present time. Cocoa is a product which also promises a great future in Mexico, and is exhibited by a varied collection together with chocolate manufactured by two of the most important factories in Mexico. Notwithstanding the great competition that sugar cane has been subjected to on account of the increase in the production of sugar beets, it still holds its place vigorously, and is the foundation of inexhaustable richness throughout the vast territories of the States of Morelos, Veracruz, Puebla, Jalisco, and many others. As a complementary to the sugar industry we might mention the production of alcohol, although only when employed in certain industries, it pertains to this division. The exquisite and varied collection of liquors is also worthy of special attention, because the fruits from which they are prepared in factories of the best established reputation, are equally abundant. National beverages on exhibition, such as "pulque," which is the favorite drink of the people, should not be passed unnoticed. 'This "pulque" is exhibited through a special process of preservation. Beer, whose consumption is increasing daily, receives such impulse in Mexico that it can be stated that there is not a state in the Republic without a brewery, some of them with more than $1,000,000 invested. �The above information is at least a brief outline of the agricultural resources of Mexico, and reveals, as we have already said, the great evolution that has taken place throughout the country within the last few years by the impulse of the vigorous administration of one of the greatest statisticians of the present time. A careful inspection of the products exhibited by Mexico in the Department of Agriculture, will fully demonstrate the vast field of action she has for enterprising men. 8 From a cultural perspective, the impression given by these exhibits is certainly different than that found in "The Streets of Mexico" attraction on the Midway. Of course, the purpose of such exhibits was not to entertain, but to promote the country and its products in an attempt to increase trade and investment. Below, the Comisión Nacional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos para la Exposición Pan-Americana describes the pomological and viticulture exhibits in the Mexico section of the Horticulture Building. Here, visitors learned that the United State's southern neighbor produced more than just tequila. Few visitors were likely to have predicted that a century later, the United States would be the largest importer of fruits and vegetables produced in Mexico. … Apples, peaches, figs, pears, and apricots are produced in abundance for the local markets, but no efforts have been made for drying and preserving these fruits on a large scale. In some sections the fruits are rich and of very fine flavor on account of the good soil and limited rain. The States of Coahuila and Chihuahua possess large tracks of lands where pomology could be engaged in extensively to good profit, if proper plants were erected for the drying and evaporating of the surplus fruit. Grapes are also produced in abundance and excellent wine is manufactured in the State of Coahuila, Mexico Exhibit in the Agriculture Building. Photographer/engraver: unknown. Source: Mexico. Comisión Nacional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos para la Exposición Pan-Americana de Buffalo, N.Y. Official catalogue of the Mexican exhibits at the Pan-Americana de Buffalo, N.Y. Official catalogue of the Mexican exhibits at the Pan­ American Exposition at Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. May first to November first 1901. Buffalo : The White-Evans-Penfold, 1901. but not yet sufficient to meet the demand, as large quantities are imported. To the east and west of the table lands, on the slopes of the Gulf and the Pacific, is the region for the production of tropical fruits-bananas, pineapples, mangoes, mameyes, oranges, limes, and citrus family in general; chirimoyas and anona species grown luxuriantly. With the exception of oranges at certain seasons of the year no other fruits are cultivated for export. In vegetables, recently, the truck farmer has established in the State of Tamaulipas experimental farms for the cultivation of tomatoes-farms that have become practical and profitable, as already carloads are sent early to market for export. Later, probably, the truck farmer of Mexico will export also cucumbers, green corn, and melons in winter, as it is at this season that these vegetables are cultivated to greater advantage. It will be some time, however, before other fruits and vegetables will be exported; the excessive express rates are almost prohibitive for their profitable cultivation. Another great drawback to the industry is the costly packing of fruits and vegetables. … �…Vine culture in Mexico is obtaining a gradual and steady development, and the local consumption of wines and liquors is also attaining a great importance. The country already produces red and white wines of extra fine quality, but still imports from foreign countries more than $2,200,000 worth of these same wines each year. The production of "pulque," the popular and national drink (made of liquids extracted from the agave tree), reached the enormous figure of 3,000,000 hectoliters yearly. In this Republic is also produced wines of agreeable odor and delicious flavor made from quince, orange, and pineapple fruits. Many modern establishments in Mexico are entirely given up to the manufacture of all kinds of liquors and alcohols. "Tequila," already well known in the United States, is one of the principal alcoholic drinks manufactured and consumed in Mexico. 9 Descriptions of the food product exhibits of other countries represented at the Pan-American Exposition will be added to this site as they become available. References: 1. Thomas Fleming. Around the Pan with Uncle Hank: His Trip Through the Pan-American Exposition. New York: The Nut Shell Publishing Co., 1901. 2. Clarence J Selby. Echoes From the Rainbow City. Chicago : Travelers Bureau, 1902. p. 48. Selby was a blind, deaf, mute who visited the Exposition accompanied by aids. Many of his observations are based in part on the descriptions provided to him by those assistants and the people he encountered at the Exposition. Thus, his writings are as much a reflection of the society around him as they are his own attitudes. The line drawing illustration of the Mexican man is from Thomas Fleming's Around the "Pan." With the exception of the Midway map, all line illustrations on this web page are attributed to Fleming. 3. Selby, pp. 56-58. 4. Ibid., pp. 64, 71. 5. Mary Bronson Hartt. "How to See the Pan-American Exposition," Everybody's Magazine, v. 5, no. 26 (October 1901): 488-491. 6. Frederick T Cummins. Historical Biography and Libretto of the Indian Congress. [n.p., 1901] 7. Holman F. Day. "Three Pilgrims at the 'Pan.'" Everybody's Magazine, vol. 5, no. 26 (October 1901) p. 427. 8. 8. Mexico. Comisión Nacional de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos para la Exposición Pan-Americana de Buffalo, N.Y. Official catalogue of the Mexican exhibits at the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. May first to November first 1901. Buffalo : The White-Evans-Penfold, 1901. pp. 5-6. �Food and Health With regard to food and health at the Pan-American Exposition, scientists and "cranks" worked side-by-side. Two major reports described food-related health and medical concerns of the Exposition. In the first report, Dr. Roswell Park, Medical Director of the Pan-American Exposition, describes the results of inspections of the numerous restaurants and eating establishments on the Exposition grounds. Excerpts from the second, "Some Medical Aspects of the Pan-American Exposition" describe two exhibits related to food safety and health practices, specifically, food preservation and meat examination. Indeed, as the production of processed foods and the use of food additives became more commonplace in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, there began a movement among those in the scientific community to study and regulate food safety. At the same time, health food "conartists" took advantage of a naive public's belief in the benefits of healthful foods and "cure all diets" and used venues like the Pan-American Exposition to peddle their wares. • Exposition Restaurant Inspection • Food Preservation • Meat Examination • "Special" Foods and Cure All Diets Exposition Restaurant Inspection From Roswell Park, "Report of the Medical Department of the Pan­ American Exposition, Buffalo, 1901," Buffalo Medical Journal (December 1901). By the end of July there were 36 restaurants and eating places, 14 kitchens on concessions and villages, and 57 soft drink stands, and the resident population had increased to 1652. . . Alter a while, the regular hours of inspection were abandoned and the The Nebraska Sod House. Photo credit: C. D. Arnold. Source: C. D. Arnold. The Pan-American Exposition, Illustrated. Buffalo, N.Y.: C. D. Arnold, 1901, p. 69. inspections were made at irregular and intentionally unexpected intervals in order that no preparation for them could be made. The results of this change were an evident improvement in all sanitary conditions. In no case during August was it necessary to condemn milk or cream, and only one eating place �gave any serious trouble. This was the Nebraska Sod house, which was all almost constant source of bother and which later had to be closed. Night inspections revealed the fact that many people were in the habit of sleeping beneath the counters in booths in various streets. The practice was stopped, for instance, of making of candy in a booth in which a family of four lived, cooked, ate and slept. Food Preservation The exhibit described below reveals some of the dangers of poisoning resulting from the adulteration of food with certain chemical preservatives and colors. The timeliness of this exhibit was significant in that in less than one year, Congress would appropriate $5,000 to Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, an advocate of food safety regulations and chief chemist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Chemistry, to study the effects of food additives on health.1 His studies drew widespread attention to the dangers associated with food adulteration and contributed significantly to the original Food and Drugs Act in 1906. [From "Some Medical Aspects of the Pan-American Exposition," Buffalo Medical Journal (18 and 25 July 1901).] …An interesting exhibit in connection with the artificial preservation of food is seen in a collection of tubes displaying quantities of salicylic acid and other substances recovered from small quantities of food staffs preserved by their agency. Half a test tubeful of salicylic acid is shown as having been recovered from a single tin of canned soup—and one is moved to marvel that cases of poisoning from preserved food staffs are not more common than they are. "Preservative,"— combination of boric acid and salt, colored with cochineal,— made famous in the army beef controversy2, is here given a prominent place. One of the exhibits among the jams and preserves is labelled: "Strawberry Jam." Sweetened with glucose, stiffened with starch, colored with an aniline dye, preserved with benzoic acid and artificially flavored. The strawberry part of this delectable compound apparently exists in the imagination alone. It is highly unfortunate that the exhibit does not specify the particular brands and give the manufacturers' names of the articles whose analysis are displayed, so that the observer might not only appreciate the extent to which food adulteration is practised, but might know what brands to avoide in making future purchases. Those whose greed is such as to render them willing to injure the public health to more quickly fill their purses should be publicly pilloried and made to suffer the financial loss which would follow exposure of their nefarious practises. �Meat Examination In 1901, meatpacking was one of the nation's most profitable industries, in part because consumers concluded that "dressed beef" was as good as or better than that of the local butcher/slaughterhouse, was wholesome, and was safe.3 The exhibit described below was certainly of interest to Exposition visitors, who could see the application of medical techniques and practices to ensure food safety with regard to meat. Consider that the concept of enforcing of such practices may not have been part of such public exhibits. Despite the popularity of dressed meat, the publication of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle and the passage of the Meat Inspection Act would not occur for 5 more years. [From "Some Medical Aspects of the Pan-American Exposition," Buffalo Medical Journal (18 and 25 July 1901).] "…In the Bureau of Animal Industry, a feature which attracts the attention of crowds, is the microscopic examination of pork for trichinae and other parasites, as carried out by the Department of Agriculture at the large packing houses. A small laboratory is here fitted up, in which three young women make these microscopic examinations in the presence of the visitors, and exhibit samples of infected meat. Nearby an interesting series of pathological specimens, both wet and artificial, showing various types and lesions of disease in the animals used as food, will prove interesting to all medical men, and is well worthy of careful study by health officers and those who have to do with food inspection. This exhibit is supplemented by a large series of lantern slides, showing bacteria, pathogenic lesions, etc." "Special" Foods and Cure All Diets Were Hot Topics at the Turn of the Century The turn of the century was rich with food "reformers" and those who thought that dietary change could save the world. It is not at all surprising that a gathering the size and magnitude of the Pan-American Exposition was considered by many of these food reformers to be the perfect venue through which to educate and expose the public to their "beneficial" products and services. Unfortunately, scientist and crank were hard to distinguish, as this excerpt from a story in the Enquirer of 2 April 1901 suggests. The crank who depends on cereal for his advancement has a good thing. His is a plausible theory. Not being naturally enthusiastic over a cereal diet, mankind is prone to think it very wholesome because not particularly agreeable. Hence its popularity as a "food for babies." Nothing that a child likes is suppose by the truly orthodox to be good for him. The cereal crank trespasses on the coffee fiend nowadays. "There is an idea abroad in the land," says G. Edward Fuller, Pan-American Expert in Foods, "that it is much more wholesome to drink a hot liquid made of barley and wheat and molasses than to imbibe an extract of the pure coffee. It is less injurious for awhile, but my observation leads me to believe that, if cereal coffee is drunk for any length of time, �it breaks down the tissues of the stomach and induces a flatulent condition. If a man wants to abandon the coffee habit, he can break himself gradually by the use of cereal coffee. But hot water would do as well." "It is a curious fact that coffee has no injurious effect on the man who smokes tobacco. The effect of either one, bad in itself, seems to be counteracted by the effects of the other. Better than cereal coffee is a mixture of coffee with chicory root. Statistics show that coffee drunk by the greatest coffee fiends in the world, the Germans and the French, contains from sixty to seventy-five per cent of chicory, in comparison to three or four per cent used in the Americas. If I had s sluggish liver, I'd pour chicory in any coffee then drink any of those cereal combinations. Or if my nerves were too much stimulated by coffee, I'd mix it with cocoa. . ." Later in the piece: "One of these staff of life cranks wants the Exposition management to hire him to lecture to the populace this summer. He says that if his ideas about bread are put into practice not only will the citizens be better nourished, both physically and mentally, but the taxation of the city may be greatly lessened through the reduction of pauperism and crime. He goes to the length of saying that if Christ were living today and eating the food of our times, he would be a very different man from the humble Nazarene." Advertisement for Armour's Extract of Beef "School children must be well fed. …" Source: This ad appeared in numerous popular magazines in 1901. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. �Advertisement for Baker's Breakfast Cocoa. "Preserves Health, Prolongs Life". Source: This ad appeared in numerous popular magazines in 1901. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. "The Best Food for …". Advertisement for Imperial Granum. Source: This ad appeared in numerous popular magazines in 1901. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Advertisement for Quaker Oats "Leads to Health". Source: This ad appeared in numerous popular magazines in 1901. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. As this Commercial article of 14 January 1901 shows, some people thought they had all the answers. The writer of the letter says his reform begins with the stomach, "the crucible of life.'" Director of Concessions Taylor has received a communication from a person who wishes to instruct humanity in the matter of baking cake of a wholesome character. He maintains that the physical stamina of men and the moral stature and beauty of women depend upon the adoption of food reforms more than upon other ameliorative agencies put together, not excluding religious influences. The writer says in his letter: "Every man and woman on the face of the planet . . . would be delighted to learn what I alone am able to reveal, viz., a system of living that not only prevents the possibility of sickness, premature death, but even indigestion . . . imperfect circulation and defective absorption of the system." "If the exposition promoters would provide a large travelling oven placed in a suitable place, I will take the trouble of management off their hands and produce a large profit, as it would prove the most attractive, not only to women and children, but to most enlightened men, who require all the brain nourishment they can get, and they would like to get it now, and that's no joke." More of the above is found in this Commercial article of 3 January 1901. "Director Taylor and other Pan-American officials are now face to face with a proposition received yesterday in the mail which seems to involve the failure or success of the exposition. It provides an opportunity to the Pan-American to regenerate entire mankind, whether mankind wishes to undergo the process or not. �According to the modest confession of the corespondent of Director Taylor, whose name is withheld out of abundant charity, the secret of the future physical and mental stamina of the men and the moral status and beauty of the women of Buffalo is inscrutably locked in his own bread and can only be withdrawn by financial pressure." Here is the letter, in substance, with the proposition: "Your name had been given me with reference to my application for a concession to sell a sample of food. As the expense that would be entailed by giving samples of a most palatable, nutritious, digestible and delicious article would be enormous, each person would require from a quarter to half a dollars worth for immediate consumption. As I am engaged in educating the people to a more wholesome and nutritious dietary, with a view to the regeneration of the race in spite of their prejudices, I think it would be well worth the while of the promoters of the Exposition to offer me the most liberal terms." References 1. "Milestones in U.S. Food and Drug Law History." FDA Backgrounder, May 3, 1999. Online. 2. In the late 1870's meatpackers had introduced canned meats in tin containers with the military being the largest consumer. The U. S. Navy had begun carrying canned meats on its ships as early as the Civil War. However, alleged problems with canned meats and dressed beef during the Spanish-American War prompted further investigations. "Major General Nelson Miles claimed in 1898 that 'embalmed beef' had caused outbreaks of illness among his troops. Subsequent investigations blamed improper distribution and handling of dressed beef and canned products by commissary officers and cleared the meatpacking industry of wrongdoing. Nevertheless, the canned meat and foreign dressed beef trade suffered from the scandal for several years." Encyclopedia of the United States in the Nineteenth Century, edited by Paul Finkelman (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2001), vol. 2, p. 276-277. 3. Ibid. �Food Firsts and Technological Marvels The Pan-American Exposition gave manufacturers the opportunity to exhibit their products and introduce the latest technological innovations to an eager and ready-to- buy public. In addition to the food company exhibits like those of the Libby's and the Quaker Oats Companies, the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building housed vendors showing off new tools and gadgets, some designed for industry and others for an up and coming market--- the home. • "Wholesome and Healthful" • Canned and Packaged Foods • Foods at the Fair • More Food 'Firsts" • Technological Marvels Pure Food for Pan - American Guests The food he receives is is a great factor in a Travellers' Impression of a place. Visitors to Buffalo this Summer wil be deep in their praises of the city- if there are good things to eat Good cooking has a great deal to do with good eatin g The case in selection and quality of the food comes first. Buffalo's greatest Free Food Mart is Faxon's/ The largest and {il egible} assortment of food products in Western New York is at Faxon's Careful and experienced buying in large quantities makes goods cheaper than elsewhere at Faxon's. Your visiting friends can dine more [il egible}- have greater variety- at no more expense to you if you perchase supplies at Faxon's Housekeepers who fear a rise in prices wil be pleased to hear that the same low prices on all goods wil remain as heretofore at Faxon's Faxon. Williams & Faxon 399-401-Nala Street- 587- 589 "Pure Food for Pan-American Guests". Faxon, Williams and Faxon ad. Photocopy. Source: Buffalo Commercial(May 1, 1901) p.13 col. 4-5. "Wholesome and Healthful" Many of the foods we recognize and still use today were developed during the period between 1850 and 1900. Many of these were exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition, where many vendors promoted the "healthful" effects of their products. Indeed the mid-to-late 19th century was a period which saw the beginnings of what we now know as "nutritional science." Scientists began to see a relationship between health and food and the advances in analytical chemistry and provided the scientific data to prove it. Of course, advertisers jumped on this early incarnation of the adage, "you are what you eat." By 1901, food advertisements emphasized the "wholesomeness" and "healthfulness" of their products. The American Cereal Company's Quaker Oats ads echoed claims that its cereal "leads to good health" telling people to eat less meat and "more Quaker Oats" while Dold's Packing Company, insisted that their "Corn-fed porkers make sweet healthful food." At fairs and venues like the Pan-American Exposition, vendors distributed literature on tradecards and hired "barkers" to "sell" to the public the idea that their products would make a person feel better and live longer. �A Plate of Clear Soup Made from Armours Extract of Beef Has its place at the beginning of every Dinner fora Reason-not a fad. It is aValuable Appetizer. Armour & Company, Chicago. Send metal cap from Extract of Beef jar for the February design, in color,, of our $1,000 prize calendar, same as appeals to current issue of "Truth" (size 10X14). Advertisement for Armour's Extract of Beef. "A plate of clear soup made from Armour's Extract of Beef …". Source: This ad appeared in numerous popular magazines in 1901. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. A prominent Doctor writes that this little girl had a hard start in life, through a condition of mal nutrition. Only after putting the little patient on Eskay’s Food was any hope of her life felt. He writes further that she began at once to thrive on Eskay’s Food, and has continued a most hearty and healthy child ever since. Also that an old lady So years of age, upon whom he performed a most serious operation, relied mainly after this operation on Eskay’s Food, and after 12 days was able to leave the hospital, and is gain­ ing in health and strength and color daily. Generous sample, sufficient for 10 meals, free on request. Smith, Kline & French Co., Philadelphia, Pa. It Nourishes From Infancy To Old Age. Please mention Everybody’s Magazine when you write to advertisers. Eskay's Food Ad "It Nourishes From Infancy to Old Age". Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901). Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant �For health’s sake, eat Ralston Purina Foods: Our Pure Family, of which Ralston Breakfast Food is at the head, represents the highest stand ard of excellence ever attained in cereal food products. Trial Offer Send $1.00 with your grocer's name, and we will tend you, express charges prepaid, this complete checker board assortment, consisting of five 2 pound, packages and the 12 pound, sack of Purina Health Hour, with Mrs. Rorer's recipes for making "Brain Bread." A Gift for Ralston Children To children who write us they eat Ralston Breakfast Food, will send free our handsome little seven day novelty. Purina Mills Where Purify is Paramount 888 Gratiot Street, St. Louis, Mo. "For Health's Sake, Eat Ralston".Ralston / Purina Mills Ad. Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901) �"Pabst Malt Extract - The Best Tonic".Pabst Breweing Company Ad. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: Harper's Bazar (September 1901) p. 31. Dold's Hams and Niagara Bacon Ad. "Faultless Food Makes Perfect Health".Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: Ladies Home Journal (October 1899) p. 48. Health and Beauty are everywhere the sources of the highest attainable happiness, and the greatest beauty of all is that of the healthy, hearty, robust person, A wineglass of Every piece of Niagara Ham and Bacon Is Inspected by an officer of the United States Government Faultless Food Pabst Malt Extract The Best Tonic three times a day, at meals, with per haps one at bed-time, will give you that bounding, joyous health and sweet sleep that nature intended you to enjoy. Sold by Druggists everywhere. Pabst Brewing Co.,(Tonic Dep’t) Milwaukee, Wis. Makes Perfect Health Corn-Fed Porkers make sweet, health ful The food. Jacob Dold Packing Co. use exclusively Corn - Fed Porkers. Dold’s Famous Niagara Hams and Niagara Bacon lire Specially Cured and Carefully Prepared. That's why they are Faultless A Slice of Niagara Ham or rasher of crisp Niagara Bacon is the most appetizing dish extant. They are tender, sweet, and a most nutritious food. We know how to make them good, And we make them as good as we know how. Ask your dealer to get them for you. If he objects—you insist. We would like to send you a handsome little book let giving information about how Dold's meats arc han dled to secure the uniformly high quality found in Niagara Hams and Bacon. A postal will bring it to you free. The Jacob Bold Packing Co., Buffalo, N. Y. �Canned and Packaged Foods Ironically, as the emphasis on eating healthier food grew, so did the public's desire for quick and easy to serve processed food products. The late 19th Century saw the development of the canned meat and fruit industries-- Libby's, Armour's, Van Camp, Borden and Heinz were the giants of the day. During this period saccharin, synthetic vanilla, and flaked cereal also entered the market, as well as the myriad of soda pop brands, most of which are still in use today. The decade of the 1890's was an especially lucrative one for "quick food" producers with products like minute tapioca, "instant" cereal, condensed soup, and pre-ground coffee guaranteed to ease the labor of meal preparation. The first metal cans/containers were patented by Englishman Thomas Kensett 1825. While canned meats, fruits and vegetables were produced in America on a limited basis prior to the 1850's, the Civil War "created a significant need for portable foods to feed the troops and as a result, the canning industry rapidly expanded."1 Opening canned foods was somewhat problematic until the invention of the can opener in the 1860's. Development of an opener was possible once cans were made of steel rather than iron. The initial response to canned foods was one of skepticism and the age-old practice of "putting-up" preserves, fruits and vegetables at home continued in many middle-class kitchens. By the time the new century had arrived, hundreds of food products were being commercially prepared and sales began to indicate the American housekeeper was embracing the convenient new products. Not only did packaged goods bring economy to the kitchen in terms of time and convenience but the increased availability of fruits and vegetables all year round meant the family no longer had to dine according to what was in season.2 When Hunger Comesas it is wont to do with per­ sistence and regularity in every clime — what Is so welcome. So wholesome and satisfying as a delicious dish of Van Camp's [illegible] PORK And BEANS Prepaired with Tomato Sauce. Ready in a moment- [illegible] hot or cold. Send [illegible] in stamps for sample can. Booklet [illegible]. Can Camp Packing Co. 302 Kentucky Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. Van Camp's Concentrated Tomato Soup- best [illegible]. [illegible] of rich soup. "When Hunger Comes — " Van Camp's Boston Baked Pork and Beans Ad.Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: Ladies Home Journal (May 1898) p. 23. "White Label" Van Camp's Always Ready Soups MA acaroni nd Cheese Prepared With Tomato sauce Always just what you want when you want delicately flavored, deliciously seasoned “stocky” soups. Tomato, Beef, Vegtable, Chicken, Mock Turtle, Ox Tail, Consumer, Chicken Gumbo-Okrs Put up in convenient ten-cent can enough for six portions—ready to serve by adding boiling water. New Booklet - yours for postal Be sure you get “While Labe; Concentrated Soups." Packed only by Armour Packing Co. Always Ready For Instant Use In preparing this delicious dish, we the best imported macaroni, to use which is added imported cheese dissolved in [illegible]. The macaroni is then sealed and back ed in the can: this process gives it the flavor of the sauce and cheese, and b akes, it evenly, without a hard crust. It is ready for your table in fifteen minutes, a great saving in time, and always sure to be a feature of your table. Send [il egible], [il egible] stamps for sample can Booked Free Van Camp Packing Co. 502 Kentucky Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. Van Camp's Tomato [illegible] is a delicious relish. Sold everywhere. Department "J" Kansas City, Mo., U. S. A. "White Label" Always ready Soups. Armour Packing Company Ad Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: unknown. Van Camp's Macaroni and Cheese Ad.Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: Ladies Home Journal (April 1898) p. 48. �A Breakfast "A Breakfast for 2 cts. in 5 minutes". Ralston / Purina Mills Ad. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: Ladies Home Journal (July 1899) p. 32. for 2 cts. in 5 min utes. Ralston, the 5 minute food, cooks perfectly in five minutes. No [illegible] ceral cooks in less than twenty. It is better to cook food in five minutes and eat it in twenty, than to cook in twenty what you must s wallow in five. Ralston is made from [illegible] wheat, found only in one section of the country. Light and palatable. It does not heat the blood; at the same time has all essentials of strength-producing food for child or hard working labor's. A tonic for Spring —a delight tor Summer. Package large enough to "Cook's Flaked Rice for Breakfast — ".Source: Cosmopolitan, vol. 31, no. 5 (September 1901). Courtesy of Kerry S. Grant GOOD MORNING! YBring our on [illegible]. Purina Mills, 818 [illegible] St., St. Louis, [illegible] Hires Rootbeer Carbonated Delicious Sparkling Appetizing is sold everywhere by the bottle and case. Served at hotels, clubs andrestaurants. Cook's Flaked Rice, Absolutely No Cooking With Hires Rootbeer Extract you can make your own Rootbeer at home One package makes five gallons. We would like to send you, free, a beautiful picture book and prime list upon receipt af your name and address. "Hires Rootbeer & Carbonated ". The Charles E. Hires Company. Digitized from a printed microfilm image. Source: Ladies Home Journal (July 1899) p. 29. �Foods at the Fair Popcorn The Pan-American Exposition was not the first fair at which popcorn was a major concession. In his book "Popped Culture,"3 Andrew F. Smith discusses the history of popcorn and discusses its appearance at the Columbian Exposition in 1893. Besides the traditional popped corn sold by numerous vendors, visitors could try Frederick Rueckheim's special mixture of popcorn, molasses and peanuts. This concoction would eventually become "Cracker Jack." While no one is exactly sure when the history of popcorn began, it was not until the late 19th century that it took on popularity as not only a snack food, but a healthful one at that. Ella Kellogg, wife of heath-food guru John Harvey Kellogg, (sister-in-law of future cereal magnate William K. Kellogg) promoted popcorn as more than a snack food. She urged people to eat it "in connection with other food at mealtime, and not as a delicacy between meals."4 Of course, popcorn found lasting popularity as a snack food and as such, become a lucrative concession at fairs and expositions. Popcorn concessions proved profitable not only to the concessionaires, but also to the exposition managers, who were paid sizable percentages of the proceeds. For instance, George A. Dirpberger, of Buffalo, was the popcorn vendor listed in the ledgers of Frederick William Taylor, the Head of Concessions at the Pan-American Exposition. While Mr. Dirpberger paid "regular rate" for the space he rented on the North Midway, he also paid 50% of sales to the Exposition operators.5 Popcorn Thieves Clean Up Until Caught The Buffalo Express of 4 May 1901 reported popcorn vendors chanting such rhymes as: "Lovely eyes come shine and glitter; Buy your girl a popcorn fritter." Popcorn was a lucrative business at the Pan-American Exposition and on 23 August 1901 four males, ranging in age from 13 to 22, were arrested for stealing popcorn sales. A few weeks earlier it became apparent to officials of the Exposition that their returns from the popcorn concession were not up to the mark. This concession was owned by George Dirpberger. The popcorn sold on the grounds was put up in consecutively numbered paper bags. In this way, Exposition officials were able to keep track of the percentage of profits accruing to the Exposition from this concession. When one of these bags was lost or stolen, the loss fell on Mr. Dirpberger. Culp and Smith, two of the accused males, were employed by Dirpberger in his headquarters on the north Midway. Clelland and Sullivan, the other two accused males, were employed on the small wagons that distributed the popcorn throughout the grounds. The police reported that Clelland conceived the idea that if he could get possession of a sufficient number of these bags there was a small fortune to be made. Clelland unfolded a scheme to Sullivan and persuaded Culp and Smith to steal a quantity of the numbered bags from Dirpberger's headquarters each day. Culp and Smith were paid a cent a piece for each bag by the other two. The bags were then filled by Clelland and Sullivan and were easily disposed of, netting them a profit of 4 cents per bag. �Their plans were working like a charm, and it is estimated that the loss to Dirpberger through their operations had amounted to about $500, when they were discovered. Source: Commercial, 24 August 1901. Orangeade Orangeade was sold at concession stands and booths scattered throughout the grounds of the Pan-American Exposition. This drink, developed during the Civil War, was a mixture of orange juice, an infusion of the orange peel, and thin sugar syrup. Orange or lemon syrups were also used to make ades. A pound and a half of sugar was added to pint of juice, a bit of the peel, and then boiled for ten minutes. The liquid was then strained and either bottled or served over ice.6 To find the locations of Orangeade vendors, see the map of the Softdrink Vendors, Restaurants and Toilets Located on the Exposition Grounds. Ice Cream and Soda Water The years leading up to the Pan-American Exposition proved to be periods of intense growth in the ice cream and soda water industries. Five million gallons of ice cream were being produced in the United States in 1899, largely due to the invention of mechanical refrigeration and new types of freezers.7 Soda water, which had its origins in medicine, first appeared in a flavored variety in the 1830's. It was a hit at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia but it wasn't until the ice cream soda was invented that the growth of both industries literally exploded. While there are numerous disputes as to who actually "discovered" this mixture of soda water and ice cream, there is no arguing its enormous popularity. By 1895, there were 50,000 to 60,000 soda fountains in the United States, operating in drug stores, restaurants, confectionaries and roadside push carts.8 It is no wonder that an event the size of the Pan-American Exposition Soda Water vendors on the Midway �needed at roughly 20 ice cream and soda water vendors. (See the map of Softdrink Vendors, Restaurants, etc. ) The ice cream soda continued to gain popularity well into the 20th century. However, during the last decade of the 1800s, the soda water industry was also growing in a direction that did not include ice cream. While root beer was being produced in mass quantities as early as 1876 and the first cola flavored beverages were introduced in the mid-1880's, the development of the modern soft drink industry was made possible by the invention of the Crown bottlecap in 1892. "Tiny in design, the crown completely revolutionized the soft drink industry by preventing the escape of carbon dioxide from bottled beverages. In fact, it was the dominant soft drink closure for more than 70 years."9 More Food Firsts In 1901, Quaker Oats cereals and the Natural Food Company's Triscuit were relatively new products, having been developed in 1891 and 1895 respectively. Others fledgling products included Cream of Wheat, Jell-O, Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Michelob beer and the Hershey bar. By the advent of the Pan-American Exposition, the country had experienced a number of "food firsts," many of which debuted at other world's fairs and expositions. Here are a few examples: • 1874--Ice cream soda Robert M. Green, a concessionaire at a fair in Philadelphia, claims to have invented the ice cream soda when he substituted it from the cream he added to soft drinks. While the origin of the soda cannot be verified, Green's story seems to be the most well-known. • 1876--Hires Root Beer Hires Root Beer debuted at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. • 1886 -- Coca Cola First sold by pharmacist John Pemberton as a tonic, this drink contained cocaine. • 1890's -- Peanut Butter Dr. John Harvey Kelloggs' patent for the "Process of Preparing Nut Meal" in 1895 described "a pasty adhesive substance that is for convenience of distinction termed nut butter." He developed this as a protein source for his vegetarian patients. Over the next 20 years, this nut meal would be refined into the peanut butter we know today. • 1896 -- Cracker Jack Molasses coated popcorn and peanuts are said to have been introduced at the World's Columbian Exposition by F.W. Rueckheim in 1893. By 1896, Louis Rueckheim discovered the process for keeping the molasses-covered popcorn from sticking together. The Cracker Jack was born. See FritoLay's Cracker Jack site at http://www.crackerjack.com. �• 1896 -- Tootsie Roll Leo Hirshfield named this soft chewy candie after his daughter. http://www.tootsie.com/comp_history.php • 1897 -- Condensed soup The Campbell's company developed condensed soup in 1897. In 1900 Campbell's soups won the Gold Medallion for excellence at the Paris Exposition. This medallion has been featured on its labels ever since. • 1897 -- Jello Pearl B. Wait, from LeRoy, New York, developed a fruit-flavored version of Cooper's gelatin. It was given the name Jell-O by his wife and was available in strawberry, raspberry, orange and lemon flavors at the time.http://brands.kraftfoods.com/jello/explore/history/ • 1900 -- Coney Island Hot Dog Charles Feltman opened the first Coney Island hot dog stand in 1900. The frankfurter had been introduced in the 1850's, but it was not until Antonoine Feuchtwanger of St. Louis improvised the hot dog bun in 1883 that this sandwich began to resemble the modern-day ball park standard. Frankfurter sandwiches or "red hots" were extremely popular at the World's Columbian Exposition because they were inexpensive and easy to eat.10 Visitors to the Pan­ American Exposition could buy "Coney Island Hot Dogs" at the Indian Congress Restaurant. • 1900 -- Cottolene Made from cottonseed oil and beef tallow, this product was promoted as a healthy alternative to lard. In "Cottolene: The Mysterious Disappearance of Lard,"11 Alice Ross credits Cottolene with the demise of lard in the American diet. Cottolene was exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition by the N. K. Fairbank Company. Other food firsts of the late 19th and early 20th centuries are listed below, courtesy of "The Food Timeline" at http://www.foodtimeline.org/ • 1872 -- Blackjack chewing gum • 1890 -- Knox gelatine • 1876 -- Premium soda crackers (later Saltines) • 1890 -- Libby introduces keys to canned meat • 1881 -- Pillsbury flour • 1890 -- Lipton tea • 1886 -- Coca-Cola • 1891 -- Del Monte • 1887 -- Ball-Mason jars • 1891 -- Fig Newton • 1888 -- Log Cabin syrup • 1891 -- Quaker Oats Company • 1889 -- Aunt Jemima pancake mix • 1893 -- Cream of Wheat • 1889 -- Calumet Baking Powder • 1893 -- Good & Plenty • 1889 -- McCormick Spices • 1893 -- Juicy Fruit gum • 1889 -- Pabst Brewing Company • 1894 -- chili powder �• 1895 -- shredded coconut • 1897 -- Jell-O • 1895 -- Triscuits • 1898 -- Nabisco graham crackers • 1896 -- Cracker Jack • 1898 -- shredded wheat cereal • 1896 -- Michelob beer • 1899 -- Wesson oil • 1896 -- S&W canned foods • 1900 -- Chiclets gum • 1896 -- Tootsie Roll • 1900 -- cotton candy • 1897 -- Campbell's condensed soup • 1900 -- Hershey's chocolate bar • 1897 -- Campbell's tomato soup • 1901 -- instant coffee • 1897 -- Grape Nuts References: 1. Ellen M. Plante, The American Kitchen, 1700 to the Present: From Hearth to Highrise (New York: Facts on File, 1995), p. 144. 2. Ibid., p.145. 3. Andrew F. Smith. Popped Culture : a Social History of Popcorn in America. Columbia, S.C. : University of South Carolina Press, 1999. 4. Ibid., p.36. 5. Frederick William Taylor Papers, 1897-1944. Collection No. 153. Held in the Department of Special Collections, UCLA. Special thanks to Carol A. Turley for her assistance with the ledger entries. 6. "Invention Facts and Myths" The Great Idea Finder. Online. URL: http://www.ideafinder.com/history/of_inventions.htm. Last accessed 12 May 2002. 7. Linda Stradley. History of Ice Cream Cones. c2004. Online. http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/IceCream/IceCreamCone.htm. Last accessed 10 June 2010. 8. Anne Cooper Funderburg. Chocolate, Strawberry, and Vanilla: A History of American Ice Cream. Bowling Green, OH : Bowling Green State University Press, 1995. p.97 9. National Soft Drink Association. The History of America and Soft Drinks Go Hand in Hand. c1999. Online. http://www.nsda.org/softdrinks/History/history.html. Last accessed 12 May 2002. (Link no longer active). 10. Linda Stradley. Hot Dogs - History and Legends of Hot Dogs. c2004. Online. http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/HotDog/HDIndex.htm. Last accessed 10 June 2010. 11. Alice Ross. "Cottolene: The Mysterious Disappearance of Lard." Hearth to Hearth (February 2002.) Online. Last accessed May 5, 2002. �Food-Related Marvels at the Turn of the Century The Pan-American Exposition allowed vendors and manufactures of housewares to demonstrate their products to a relatively new group of consumers-- housewifes. 1901 advertisements targeted those women longing for gadgets and appliances that would ease the most laborious of their chores--meal preparation. Furthermore they claimed that the husband who truly cared about his wife and her role in the household "owed" it to her to provide a kitchen full of every modern convenience. Indeed, the period between 1870 and 1900 was a time of prolific development of home appliances and time saving machinery. Surely, the Exposition's Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building was full of men and women crowded around company booths to gaze at the latest cookstoves and refridgerators, not to mention the myriad of small gadgets that the "modern" housewife "could not possibly live without." • The Ice Box Takes Up Residence • Cookstoves: Oil, Gas or Coal • Gadgets • Aluminum for the Home • No Electrical Appliances in 1901? Meat Choppers. No. 15112. Triumph Meat Cut ter. Cuts meats and vegetables equally well. Simple in construction, nicely tinned to prevent rust. Cutters are self sharpening. Price, each$1.35 The Enterprise Meat Cutters cut the meant on the same principle as a pair of shears. By means of the staffing attach ment which we furnish at a small additional cost, they make excel nt sausage staffers. No. 15416. Family size, with clamp (No. 10), same as Illustration, chops one pound per minute. Price, each$2.35 Household Gadgets 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog— portion of p.102Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. The Ice Box Takes Up Residence Although the technology of mechanical refrigeration had been under development since the mid 19th century, by 1890, the use of refridgerators was confined to the restaurant and food production industries, especially brewing, dairy and meat-packing. The typical homeowner could not afford such a refridgerator and, given the technology of the period, would probably not have wanted one in the kitchen, since early mechanical refrigerators used toxic gases as refrigerants. (Freon would not come into use until 1928.) Interestingly, advertisements of the turn-of-the century period used the term "refigerator" rather loosely. In looking at diagram leading off the "refigerator section" of the 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog2 (see below), one can see that the superior quality "refrigerator" was actually what we today refer to as an "ice box." �"As packaged foods and other household items began to fill the pantry of the late nineteenth-century kitchen, perishables such as meat, milk and butter took up residence in the icebox. First introduced in the 1860s the icebox had become a necessity by the 1890s as urban populations increased, and one could be found in the great majority of middle-class homes. . ." 1 Sears "Refrigerator" Diagram 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog—portion of p.104. Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. Since the first mechanical refrigerator designed for the home would not be manufactured until 1913, the ice box remained the dominant means of storing perishibles until well into the 20th century. Our Acme Single Door Refrigerator at from $6.60 to $8.80. For general description and construction of refrigerator see heading. Understand every refrigerator is guaranteed to bo exactly as represented, to contain, all modern improvements of every first-class refrigerator made, with the defects of none, and if not found so may be returned at our expense and your money will be cheerfully refunded The illustrations, engraved from a photograph, will give you some idea of the appearance of this beautiful single door refrigerator. As previously described it is manufactured of kilus dried ash lumber, beautifully finished antique brass lock, fancy surface bingee, anti-friction [illegible]. All these refrigerators above S5.00 are fixed with two shelves and provision chambers. Jewett's Refrigerators Established 35 Years Largest Refrigerator Works in the World. 50 sizes and styles sold by first-class dealers everywhere. The internal construction of our Refrigerators is our own, and the subject of patents; consequently, not available to other manufacturers. A 16-page book of testimonials free to all on application. John C. Jewett & Sons, Buffalo, N. Y. Refrigerators. Jewett's Refrigerators Advertisement. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (March 1885) p.5. Sears "Refrigerator" 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog—portion of p.104.Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. One of many ice boxes listed in the 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Below: This ad for a Buffalo, NY manufacturer of "refrigerators" appeared in the Ladies Home Journal �Cookstoves By the 1850's, wood and coal-burning cookstoves were in widespread use throughout the United States. As Ellen Plante points out, "... the introduction of the stove brought technology into the kitchen and as the century progressed, a continuous stream of updated and unproved appliances became available, leading to the eventual development of the coal/oil and gas stoves of the late 1800's."3 By 1901, consumers could purchase stoves heated by coal/wood, gasoline, or oil. There were also combination coal/oil, and coal/gas stoves. While oil and gas stoves tended to be smaller and cheaper to operate, safety features for this new technology were not well developed. A perusal of newspapers of the 1890 to 1910 period will show many fires, injuries and deaths attributed to exploding oil or gas cookstoves. This certainly contributed to the fact that coal/wood stoves were still the dominant cooking appliance at the turn of the century. The New Pet of the Household Automatic Blue Flame Cooker Central Oil and Gas Stove Company. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (April 1898) p.37. No. 2 Junior Automatic. Height. 16 Inches Top, 14x34 Inches The Most Perfect Oil Stove Made Having two powerful, Wickless, Blue Flame Burners, each operated by a simple device. Flame regulated by raising and lowering the burner. Valveless- no clogging —no overflow—no soot—no odor—no danger. Enamel finish with nickel, brass and bronze trimmings. Abso­ lutely the safest, most economical and simplest oil stove ever made. Three styles—eleven sizes. Automatic Blue Flame Cooker Bold by dealers or shipped direct by Central Oil And Gas Stove Company 210 School St., Gardner, Mass., U. S. A. Manufacturers of over two hundred styles of Oil Cooking Stoves. Catalogue free. Special Offer. The price of our two-burner Cooker is $7.50. We know that one stove sold will sell others, therefore we offer to send the Automatic Blue Flame, like cut, to the first two purchasers in a town or city, mentioning this advertisement, where we have no agent, for $5.25, freight paid to any point east of the Mississippi. In consideration of this special factory price, we merely request that you show the stove to three of your neighbors, or send five names and addresses, when ordering, of friend who do not possess one of there famous Cookers. This offer not good after April 15th. Sec that you are one or the two to get thin special price. �“Cooking By Gas” An up-to-date pamphlet for up-to-date housekeepers. Contains a chapter of choice Cooking Recipes and full infor mation regarding the advantages to be derived from the use of the Gas Range, particularly the "Detroit Jewel" Gas Stove Detroit Stove Works. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (April 1897) p.36. Detroit Jewel A stove that banishes dirt, litter, ashes, smoke, goo, and overheat from the kitchen; a move that saves work and worry, and can actually be operated at less cost for fuel than a Cool or wood stove; a stove that is made in many styles and sizes to fit all paces and [illegible] all [illegible]; a stove that is manufactured in "The Largest Stove-Plant in the World." Write for a free copy Majestic Combination Coal and Gas of "cooking by Gas" mentionin the Ladies Range, Majestic Manufacturing Home Journal. Company. Digitized microfilm Detroit Stove Works. Detroit, Mich., Chicago Il . photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (September 1898) p. 34. You can cook and heat water for the entire house with either coal or gas, or both at the same time, with the MAJESTIC Combination Coal and Gas Range. The highest economy of fuel, using of cither kind. Economy of kitchen space compared to two separata stoves. One plumbing connection. Our book, "Cost Saving," tells what you save over buying a coal and gas range separately: what you save over using them separately: you save over buying or using any other combination range, and gives full particulars and prices. Majestic Manufacturing Company St. Louis, Mo. John D. Bangs & Co., Distributors, Chicage, Ill. Wm. H. Romebrake, Distributor, Denver Cello, Eugene W. West, Distributer, San Francisco, Cal. �Gadgets The late 19th century was a lucrative period of development for the household gadget. In their respective books, Earl Lifshey4 and Ellen M. Plante both talk of the development of timesaving inventions like the apple slicer, apple peeler, poppyseed grinder and beer shaver. Also mentioned are lemon squeezers, nutcrackers, raisin seeders, graters of many sizes, sausage stuffers, bean slicers, spice mills, and bread dough mixers. Household appliance and gadget makers advertised their wares in women's magazines like Ladie's Home Journal and Harpers Bazar. These periodical publications had numerous columns categorized as "domestic journalisms," providing "helpful hints for housekeepers." However, most had traditionally emphasized cooking and sewing. As the introduction of new household tools exploded in the late 1800's editors expanded these columns to include A Good Thing. We have received one of the Burler Flour Sifters, manufactured by Sidney Shepard and Co., Buffalo, N. Y.; and after a few days, trial, we pronounce it the best thing of the kind we have ever seen, and shall adopt it as a permanent fixture in our kitchen, and at the same time recommend it to our practical housekeepers, as a most con venient utensil, and less expensive than others. It is a new Mat, and entirely different in con struction from any other sifter made. The illustration clearly indicates its special features. introduction and evaluation of these new gadgets. The review at right was part of one such column "The Practical Housekeeper," and appeared in the July 1885 Ladie's Home Journal. In the July 1899 issue of the Ladies's Home Journal, the editor noted a new column, "Miss Maria Parloa's New Department: Household Helps and New Ideas." The editor's note stated, "Miss Parloa begins, in this issue, a new department devoted entirely to the household (other than cooking)... " By that, he must have been referring to the "techniques" of cooking for there was no lack of kitchenrelated discussion in this column. Instead of printing recipes "A Good Thing", Review of the Barler Flour Sifter. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: "The Practical Housekeeper." Ladie's Home Journal (July 1885) p.5 or instructing readers in "how to cook," however, "Miss Parloa" wrote of those gadgets designed to make the labors of cooking easier. In this first column alone, she enlightened housekeepers to the benefits of the fruit pricker, strawberry huller, knife sharpener, cherry stoner and a charcoal broiler among other domestic tools. One can assume that manufacturers of the day would have appreciated Miss Parloa's "seal of approval." Of course one must also consider the extent to which "Miss Parloa" and other "domestic journalists" may have been influenced by those manufacturers who were also advertisers in the parent publications. �Can Openers. No. 15102. [illegible] Opener, considered one of the beat [illegible] openers made. Steel blade, malleable iron guide, nickel plated, antique [illegible] handle with brass ferrule. A handsome and reliable article. Length, 6.5 inches; weight, 3oz. Household Gadgets, 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog—portion of p.98.Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. Price, each, 10 cents; per [illegible]- $1.05 No. 15103, Star Can Opener, same as above, with [il egible] handle. all nickel plated. Length. 6.5 inches; weight 3oz. Price. each, 5 cents per OZ- [illegible] No. 15404. Car Opener, steel blade, cast [illegible] Price. each- 4 cents Perdox- [illegible] No. 15405. Sprague [illegible] Opener is without question the best can opener in the market at the price. Price, each, 3 cents; per OZ- 34 Cents Listing for Mason Fruit Jars, 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog— portion of p. 23.Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. Ice Shredder. The operation of oar shredder require no explan tion, being simply to draw the blade upon a place and ice- the pressure applied producing fine or coarse pieces, as desired. To removed the finely eat ice from the cap, grass the shredder [illegible] the right hand and strike, inverted, upon the left, at the same time being careful to keep the lid closed. Then scrape the ice ito some convenient receptacle. It is not necessary to take the ice out of the refrigerator, as you may reach in and fill the cap from the side, send or top of a cake of ice without disturbing anything or waiting your hands. Its use will be appreciated for fruits, drinks, oysters and clams on the half shell, olives, celery, radishes, iced tea, sliced tomatoes, etc., and for many purposes in the sick room. It is also shaped for [illegible] in making "snow balls," which ate [illegible] flavored and sold to children on the streets and at their schools, also to the general public at fairs. Men engaged in making "snow balls” are making from $5 to$9 per day. So. [il egible] Price, each, tinned- 50 cents Listing for Ice Shredder, 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog—portion of p. 103.Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. Preserve Health and Youth Prevent Disease, Postpone Old Age "Sanitary Still" Advertisement, Cuprigraph Company. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (April 1897) p. 34. by drinking water distilled by the Sanitary Still. Distilled water aer­ ated with sterilized air is the only absolutely pure water. Endorsed by all physicians and 9.000.000 Ralston­ ites. Every part easily cleaned, nothing to get out of order, simple as a, tea-kettle. Fits on any gas, oil, wood or coal range. Four styles, $10.00, $11.50, $13.50 and $15.00, Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Catalogue free. Cuprigraph Company 134 Monroe Street. Chicago �Coffee Making Revolutionized Dunlap’s Percolator "Dunlap's Percolator" Advertisement, The Bellaire Stamping Company.Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (December 1897) p. 30. Cherry Stoner. No. 15397. The accompanying [illegible] our Chorry [illegible], which is intended to stone cherries with rapidity. Is is adjusted by thumb screws to adapt it to the different formal size cherry stones, it is nicely tinned to prevent rust. Will make better coffee with less material and in less time than any other pot in Price each- 60 cent use. No steam and escaping aroma. No rank or bitter taste. Constant circulation of the fluid assuring a thorough extinction of the essential elements of the berry. Pots handsomely enamel d and delivered to any part of the U. S. on receipt of price. Satifaction guaranteed or money refunded. Agent Wanted . The Bellaire Stamping Co., Dept. I. Harvey. Ill. M'C'rs of the Celebrated Triple-Coated Columbus Enameled steel kitchen ware Warranted absolutely pare. Ask your dealer for it The Crown Raisin Seeder. Patented October 28, 1806. No. [illegible]. Sends one pound of [illegible] five minutes with less waste than any machine made. Will any get [illegible] of order. Easily cleaned. Cannot become clogged. So pulp adheres to the seeds. Heavily tinned. Price each- 50 Cents No. [illegible]. This is the best known and most popular apple purer ewer invented. Every machine works perfectly, all parts being accented fitted and put together in the beat possible manner. Machine should be fastened to corner of [illegible], as shown in out Pairing fal clear of machine and table. Gearing cannot clog with garbage. has cured knife and all [illegible] improvements . Price, cash, 75 cents. Price per OZ- $8.00 Household Gadgets, 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog—portion of p.102.Source: 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. No. [illegible]. This is a strictly first-class machine at a low price, and is not intended to replace the inferior devicesin the market. With one hand you can pare, core and dice an apple, and withdraw the fork from the core. Directions—Place the apple on the fork. By one turn of the crank the small knife pares the base of the apple-other machine require the base to be pared by hand. A few additional [illegible] resembles the machine to completely pare, alike and core the apple. Leaving it perfectly smooth, unbroken and ina perfect coil. The shaft is than drawn back to reduces the apple, when the Automatic push-off removes the core from the fork, thereby requiring but one hand to operate the machine. By loosening the machine screw you can drop the coring and slicing knife down to the side, and pare only. The knife on that machine [illegible] of tempered stood, will retain their edge daring constant use for a longtime, and will not bend. Price, each, 10c. per [illegible]- $4.30 �In addition to exposing their products through traditional advertizing in newspapers and women's magazines companies exhibited their gadgets and appliances at large gatherings like the Pan-American Exposition. 1901 was certainly a time when business in such products would be a lucrative one, and an exhibit at the world's fair at Buffalo would expose products to hundreds of thousands of potential consumers. Advertisments in national publications included phrases such as "come see our exhibit at the Pan-Am." If visitors did not have time to visit the booths to see the demonstrations, they were often exposed to these new household products through the literature, trade cards and pamphlets distributed by the thousands in the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. One example of this is The Enterprising Housekeeper.5 The Enterprise Manufacturing Company's Pan-American Exposition exhibit displayed gadgets designed to make work in the kitchen easier for the woman of the house. In a recipe booklet distributed at the fair, the company professed the importance of "saving a woman's time... the well-fitted kitchen represents the engine-room of the home, where energy, health, and happiness are manufactured." While promoted as a free cookbook full of recipes, it is clear that the Enterprising Housekeeper's primary function was to "sell" the company's many products. See Cookbooks for more on the contents of the Enterprising Housekeeper. A few of the other gadgets and kitchen "helpers" that were developed during the late 19th century. • Can opener This was a ecessity since canned food was becoming more and more prevalent. Ironically, the can opener was invented in the 1860's 40 years after the invention of the metal can. Development of an opener was possible once cans were made of steel rather than iron. • Lemon squeezer Patented by African-American inventor, John Thomas White in 1896 http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bllemonsqueezer.htm • "Dunlap Can Opener" Advertisement, Edward Gale, Manufacturer. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Ladie's Home Journal (December 1885) p. 8. Egg beater Patented by African-American inventor Willie Johnson in 1884 http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blkitchen.htm • Ball-Mason Jar Patented by John Mason in 1858. Revolutionized the canning and preserving of food. �• Bottle cap Soft drinks were invented in 1850's. The invention of the crown bottlecap was key to the marketing of soda since the it allowed soda to retain its carbonation. Aluminum for the Home The domestic use of aluminum had it's beginnings in the cookware industry. Prior to mid-19th century, cookware was made of tin or cast iron. While the first porcelain enameled cooking utensils were made in America by Jacob J. Vollrath in 1874,6 there was a certain danger associated with them since inferior quality products were often treated with enamel containing poisonous metals. Instances of poisoning must have been prominent enough that manufacturers like Lalance & Grosjean felt the need to profess the safety of their products in advertisements. [see the ad at right.] In the 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog, one of the more prominent selling points was that their cookware was produced with enamel that was "entirely free from lead, arsenic and antimony, metals so often used in enamels of this appearance."7 The first stamped and cast aluminum cookware was manufactured by the (burned in theenamel)Are Safe; others may claim Safety or Purity, we alone Substantiate it with Chemists' Certificates. Note the blue label used by us (and fully sus tained by recent U. S. Circuit Court decision)to distinguish our absolutely pure Agate NickelSteel Ware from other goods containing either Arsenic, Lead or Antimony. [illegible] Lalance and Groshean MFG. GO. Pittsburgh Reduction Company (ALCOA) in 1892. Prior to Charles Martin Hall's discovering the secret of producing aluminum inexpensively, utensils made of this metal were reserved only for the wealthy. Indeed, Lifshey tells of Napoleon serving his guests on aluminum plates since they were New York Boston Chicago "Agate Nickle-Steel Ware" Advertisement, Lalance & Grosjean Manufacturing Co. Digitized microfilm photocopy. Source: Harpers Bazar (September 1901) p. 33. more expensive than gold.8 However, Hall's process and the considerably cheaper production costs of its Niagara Falls plant made the Pittsburgh Reduction Company the likely leader in aluminum cookware production. By 1900, this lightweight, low-maintenance cookware was regularly available to consumers. [For more information on the Pittsburgh Reduction Company and Niagara Falls, see Electrochemical Comapnies at Niagara.] There was, however, considerable resistance to cookware and utensils made from this "new" metal. First, aluminum ware was still significantly higher priced than tinware. A coffee pot in the Sears Roebuck Catalog listed for 21 cents while a comparable one made of aluminum sold for $1.60.9 Most surprising however, is Lifshey's observation with regard to aluminum cookware: "...unaccustomed to utensils of such unusually light weight, women were inclined to regard them with suspicion."10 Consider this observation in the context of the technological wonders exhibited at the Pan-American Exposition and there is a certain degree of irony. It is hard for one to imagine that in 1901, a visitor to the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building might look with disdain �upon the aluminum cookware exhibited among the other technological marvels at the fair. Why? Because the product was too good? Indeed, it would take another 50 years of refinement and intense marketing for aluminum cookware to gain its present popularity. Why No Electrical Appliances in 1901? It is interesting, even ironic, to consider that at the time of the Pan-American Exposition, whose most prominent feature was illumination powered by electricity, there was very little domestic use of electrical machinery or appliances. Electric irons and mixers had been patented in the 1880's and in 1901, General Electric and Westinghouse had both developed the first electric toasters. Yet few homes had them and all were susceptible to electrical shorts and fires. In fact, most electrical appliances would prove relatively dangerous until the development of safety devices in 1915. Such danger certainly impacted consumer demand. However, it is surprising to note that despite their emphasis on the development of electricity and electric motors for use in industry, it was the power industry itself that was the source of most resistance in the development of such innovations for home use. Robert Kuhn states that during the early years of electricity, most companies were involved in the manufacture of electrical lights. "The only thing that mattered was the promotion of their electric lights in competition with gas lights."11 Lifshey adds that the "Battle of the Currents" [between direct current (DC) and alternating current(AC)] further handicapped the development of home appliances, at least indirectly. "Not until about 1900 did [AC] win and even then it had much difficulty in overcoming tradition. 12 Certainly Lifshey's statement is supported when one considers the intense rivalry between the Edison/General Electric and Tesla/Westinghouse camps when it came to generating electricity. Margaret Cheney writes of the intense rivalry between Edison and Tesla and notes Edison's aggressiveness in trying to discredit alternating current (AC). She relates instances of Edison publicly electrocuting animals to illustrate the power of alternating current, and then asking audiences if they really wanted such a dangerous force entering their homes.13 Of course this rivalry was not the only force that may have turned consumers away from the idea of using electric mixers and toasters. While electric trolleys and arc lighting were common in larger cities at the turn of the century, so were accidents involving electrocution. Newspapers often described in graphic detail, the effects of electrocution on the human body. Such graphic images would certainly make many a homeowner leery of allowing such a powerful source of danger into the home. While danger and consumer ignorance were factors in the delay in electric appliance development, the "Battle of the Currents" probably was the key factor. The fight over AC/DC was long-lasting and as a result, delayed the production and development of electrical devices for use outside of industry. Since manufacturers could not develop and produce appliances without knowing what type of current would be available to power them, it would be well into the 1910s and 20s before electrical products for home use would become widely available to �consumers. It is not at all surprising that the General Electric Company and Westinghouse would become the leaders in the electrical appliance industry. References 1. Ellen M. Plante, The American Kitchen, 1700 to the Present: From Hearth to Highrise (New York: Facts on File, 1995), p. 145. 2. 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog. Fred L. Israel, ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968. p. 104. 3. Plante, p.70. 4. Earl Lifshey. The Housewares Story; A History of the American Housewares Industry. Chicago, National Housewares Manufacturers Association [1973.] 5. Johnson, Helen Louise. The Enterprising Housekeeper: Suggestions for Breakfast, Luncheon and Supper. 3rd edition. Philadelphia, Pa.: Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Pennsylvania, 1900. 6. Lifshey, p.154. 7. 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog, p.130. 8. Lifshey, p.164. 9. 1897 Sears Roebuck Catalog, pp.132, 136. 10. Lifshey, p.165. 11. Robert A. Kuhn, president of the American Electrical Heater Company, (Detroit) 1971. In Lifshey, p.224. 12. Lifshey, p.224. 13. Margaret Cheney. Tesla, Man Out of Time. New York, N.Y. : Barnes & Noble, 1993. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource The Pan-American Exposition was held in Buffalo, New York from May 1 to November 2, 1901. Buffalo was chosen as the location because of its size (at the time it was the eighth largest city in the U.S. with a population of approximately 350,000) and also because of its well suited railway connections. The grounds spread across 342 acres and were located between Delaware Park Lake to the south, the New York Central railroad track to the north, Delaware Avenue to the east, and Elmwood Avenue to the west. The Exposition included educational exhibits as well as a Midway. The educational exhibits showcased the latest advancements in technology, most notably electricity. A major feature was electric lighting which utilized hydroelectric power generated in nearby Niagara Falls. Many of the Exposition buildings, including the prominent Electric Tower, were covered in light-bulbs creating a beautiful and unprecedented sight. The Pan-American Exposition also hosted some of the top engine manufacturers of the time. These companies provided “working exhibits” that actually functioned in the day-to-day operation of the Exposition. The Midway at the Pan-American Exposition provided visitors with entertainment and consisted of more than 42 exhibits. Some of the main attractions of the Midway included the “House Upside Down,” “Cleopatra’s Temple”, and the “Foreign Villages.” The Pan-American Exposition is most widely known as the location of President McKinley’s assassination. On September 6, 1901, while in a receiving line at the Exposition’s Temple of Music, President McKinley was shot twice by anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. McKinley was taken to the Exposition’s hospital where he was operated on by a number of prominent Buffalo surgeons including Roswell Park. The President was then taken to the home of John Milburn, head of the Exposition’s Board of Directors, to recover. After his condition appeared to improve, McKinley eventually died on September 14, 1901 in the Milburn home due to infection and gangrene from the gun shot wounds. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LIB-005 Subject The topic of the resource Pan-American Exposition (1901 : Buffalo, N.Y.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Food and Drink at the Pan-American Exposition of 1901 Description An account of the resource Document describing food, drink and restaurants at the 1901 Pan-Am Exposition. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo. University Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Language A language of the resource en-US Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pan-am-food-and-drink Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2018-07-13 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Illuminations: Revisiting the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901 website. Subject The topic of the resource Exhibitions--United States--New York (State)--Buffalo Pan-American Exposition (1901:Buffalo, N.Y.) Tourist maps Food habits--History Food--Social aspects--History Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/">NO COPYRIGHT – UNITED STATES</a>. The organization that has made the Item available believes that the Item is in the Public Domain under the laws of the United States, but a determination was not made as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. The Item may not be in the Public Domain under the laws of other countries. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a3f561c2bb07d5baf30d9bea5ed02198.JPG 6ac42f534415df3ab4a616188fa23a0c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2988 Title A name given to the resource Metalwork in Sanssouci Palace gardens Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Substantially restored since reunification, the Sanssouci Palace was constructed in Rococo style. More than two million people visit the palace and its extensive grounds annually. The arcade near the Palace contains fine metalwork. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a2e2b1ab4cd3ed8c4c793e4fd17a59c2.JPG c15af0500ddae3f9ca2d64694cc744c0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2987 Title A name given to the resource Metalwork in Sanssouci Palace gardens Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Substantially restored since reunification, the Sanssouci Palace was constructed in Rococo style. More than two million people visit the palace and its extensive grounds annually. The arcade near the Palace contains fine metalwork. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/6ccfb3a48dc11b511f64a15f9bce6378.JPG 808057e5787f7ee35848845000d54cc4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2986 Title A name given to the resource Metalwork in Sanssouci Palace gardens Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Substantially restored since reunification, the Sanssouci Palace was constructed in Rococo style. More than two million people visit the palace and its extensive grounds annually. The arcade near the Palace contains fine metalwork. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/217ebb3d3a5ee81b1ea3ce4496568847.JPG 19cfef9b1bc9dab503b58e316241143b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2985 Title A name given to the resource Metalwork in Sanssouci Palace gardens Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Substantially restored since reunification, the Sanssouci Palace was constructed in Rococo style. More than two million people visit the palace and its extensive grounds annually. The arcade near the Palace contains fine metalwork. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c15cb8346eef12a0759d0f971a9f3f29.JPG 1db7210e34f07ee8a4e2ffcdce8b0c0d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2984 Title A name given to the resource Street closed for flea market, Potsdam Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Shoppers throng this street, closed to all traffic except for bicycles. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/bfa49c290ddf88874cf642d3996fa10e.JPG f82f04696a059cd6216ab10344c4506e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2983 Title A name given to the resource Charlottenburg Palace Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Charlottenburg Palace is the largest palace in Berlin, Germany. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d71ef2879b4cdd824679a42e57114909.JPG 11041ba5493fe64d037519276a8dbe59 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2982 Title A name given to the resource A statue of Friedrich Wilhelm I graces the courtyard of Charlottenburg Palace Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9fe3767c4241459a265f186efa1da512.JPG b1b854624f7ce2d8f8a0394ea4c2f7ac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2981 Title A name given to the resource City limits sign for Potsdam Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource The sign indicates that Potsdam is also capital of one of Germany's states. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Language A language of the resource de Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/504f32d59a8231da9a918049b4fe853f.JPG 5af5e3b89a2be9fc3b1732f81fd8bac6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2980 Title A name given to the resource Grave of Frederick the Great with potatoes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource The potatoes honor Frederick the Great's progressive nature. He introduced potatoes and turnips to Germany. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/b96b58ddf15be006f90a42e701992c3e.JPG 7a3de8a25b78ad0718d8ed9211df0c25 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2979 Title A name given to the resource Sanssouci Palace colonnade Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Sanssouci - literally, "without cares" - served as the summer palace of Prussia's kings. Built in the mid-1740s by Frederick the Great, it is much smaller than Versailles, which inspired Sanssouci. Sanssouci has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1990. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/f3da7469da980c36beab8294d51dd082.JPG 387c07eb04f13c5768e2d75860830a47 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2978 Title A name given to the resource Church front, city of Potsdam Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource The city of Potsdam, located ~15 miles SW of Berlin, serves as the capital of the state of Brandenburg. The 2015 population was estimated at 167,745. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a7b5d6ac6955a5828f562eb815631e59.JPG f667f97781cb19043636796167ca8d62 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2977 Title A name given to the resource Sanssouci Palace arcade Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Potsdam (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/bacebce032f5082faf786243523edb34.JPG 3d144202dded802b2f7e8685ce4e336a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Professor Ludwig by Roma-Sinti Museum entrance Description An account of the resource The memorial to murdered Roma and Sinti stands in the shadow of the Reichstag. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2942 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Berlin (Germany) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/821f84886ade8890dad41e3c70bd3fdf.JPG c8ddbea4f038af7e0d4e19959d0f5fe3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2976 Title A name given to the resource Christ in new Kaiser Wilhelm I church Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource The original nave of the Kaiser Wilhelm I church was destroyed by WW2 bombs. The walls of the new part are made of a concrete honeycomb containing 21,292 stained glass inlays. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7a36bfd04369fe002a65b25c9ca6327e.JPG 81c2fa3dcfe8ae64a5476f5198b7a097 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2975 Title A name given to the resource Whimsical statue near Havel ship harbor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Berlin is known for its contemporary arts displayed in public places, such as this statue in a prominent part of the city. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/af6711556dd42bc1399485722cb5ddb8.JPG a7bda3779d996c4c661a52bfeeaa76fd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2974 Title A name given to the resource View over River Spree from Reichstag dome Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Post-WW2 buildings, excursion boats and the new central railroad station feature in this picture. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/3b37b0b4eb860eaeb4c453e38d85eec0.JPG e4a5a2f8163bb0deb24bf0096449e972 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2973 Title A name given to the resource Alexander von Humboldt statue outside Humboldt University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Alexander von Humboldt is considered to be the 'second discoverer' of Cuba, due to the scientific and social research he conducted on this Spanish colony.in 1800 and 1804. Note that the inscription is written in Spanish. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/d585155539d327a59b68177bc8c8562c.JPG e9b4d683a16c9884da5305ca42bd7123 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2972 Title A name given to the resource Toys on display, Berlin shop window Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Classic German cars, such as the VW 'Kombi,' can be found in this display. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/7020fc585a251ae4cca678257e6359b4.JPG d8a731799a388e77bbbdf669e4a879e6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2971 Title A name given to the resource Outside deck, European excursion boat Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource The 'Elbe Princesse 2' includes a open upper deck for passenger use during trips from Berlin to Prague. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/9f3af2950ca4aae53dbd86d8a828346a.JPG 1700fd54524bdb11a65798c6393c0926 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2970 Title A name given to the resource Excursion boat, Spree River Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Berlin residents benefit from both the Havel and Spree Rivers for recreation. Here is a fanciful combined shark and whale boat. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/eafb11035c69011810460aa3fa37761c.JPG c63b88a73f5b30619c0a97e6e66ba0e9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2969 Title A name given to the resource Elevated train, Friedrichstrasse station Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Construction started in the 1870s on Berlin's elevated rail network. Originally called the Berliner Stadt-, Ring- und Vorortbahnen (Berlin city, orbital, and suburban railways, they complement the city's underground and tram rail networks. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/3c9c943883a22792378c5feb59ed9641.JPG 8d4d9aec25277a7e93b5e79be74f8f08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2968 Title A name given to the resource Post-WW2 Romanian Embassy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Like many other countries, Romania chose to rebuild its embassy after WW2 in essentially the same style as originally built. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/dea61515854189a2b33b5d5cb278f3d8.JPG 84b66fd2f32fb53b5e47a338fd145f34 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2967 Title A name given to the resource Plaque honoring former Jewish resident Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource To commemorate inhabitants of Berlin's Jewish section who were murdered during WW2, plaques have been placed in the sidewalks of that area. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/a38e5e3c867866b4bc889af85ad6e3f6.JPG b5645478afbb0991e1b7e3c8028aae93 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2966 Title A name given to the resource Reichstag reflected in pool Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Because of WW2 bombing and fighting over the city, large areas near the Reichstag have been turned into lovely gardens. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).  https://digital.lib.buffalo.edu/files/original/c36e3ac5ed71c44100a37b82b56b9d83.JPG 85fc48a19ec5d88f93dec5d8be946c1b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Welch-Ludwig Collection Description An account of the resource The images in this collection come from 35 mm. Kodachrome slides or .jpg pictures taken by Claude Welch, SUNY Distinguished Professor in the Department of Political Science. He started his teaching career in 1964, directly after completing his doctoral work at Oxford. The images reflect a wide span of his interests and continents, with particular strength in sub-Saharan Africa, Western Europe, India and China. The addition of metadata to this collection is an ongoing project. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PC001 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context psc001_psc2965 Title A name given to the resource Reichstag front entrance with German flag Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-04 Description An account of the resource Crowd control barriers have been placed by the Reichstag, to deal with the flow of visitors when the Reichstag itself was in sessin. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant German Berlin (Germany) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Welch, Claude Emerson Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Welch-Ludwig Collection PSC001 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available State University of New York at Buffalo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED</a>. This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).